Bartlett BPro RC9 2018/19_BrickChain

BrickChain

BRICKCHAIN

Research Cluster 9

MARCH ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 2018-19 THE BARTLETT SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | UCL

RC9 2018-19

TUTOR SOOMEEN HAHM, ALVARO LOPEZ RODRIGUEZ MEMBER IGNATIUS CHRISTIANTO, I GEDE EKA PRADNYANIDA, CHANGSHU DONG, DI ZHU

BrickChain

Augmented assembly of clay and wood components

TUTOR SOOMEEN HAHM ALVARO LOPEZ RODRIGUEZ MEMBER IGNATIUS CHRISTIANTO I GEDE EKA PRADNYANIDA CHANGSHU DONG DI ZHU

MARCH ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 2018-19 THE BARTLETT SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | UCL

INTRODUCTION Our projects started with researching Clay as a material that has been used for architectural element for centuries, mostly as cladding and decorative functions. This material intrigue us to believe that we could develop a system that could also be structural and complex at the same time due to its character that changes over time in room temperature, depending on the moisture level.

As we develop the project, we investigates a combinatorial discrete elements that could be assembled using the help of mixed reality. We challenge the notion of robots could do a very precise and efficient assembly. It is very precise, however it also needs a very long process of preparation steps to prepare the robot to do the given task. Such process is very time consuming. Furthermore, if one of the variable change the user needs to redo the process all over again.

With the help of computer vision and human cognition, those problems could easily be identified and adapted accordingly.

This makes mixed reality an extension of human cognition.

We hope to achieve a system that augments human ability by giving suggestion in the assembling process.

CHAPTER ONE INITIAL MATERIAL STUDIES

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CLAY STUDIES Material Test Generative Design

BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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GLASS STUDIES Material Test Generative Design

CHAPTER TWO BRICKCHAIN

3 5

INITIAL DESIGN STUDY Geomotry Study Material Study

FABRICATION Hand Making

4 6

Mould Design

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ALGORITHM Generative Design Machine Learning

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BRICKCHAIN Design Language Generative Design

MATERIAL TEST Firing Process Material Test Material Comparison

AUGMENTED REALITY Human Computer Interaction User Interface Future Proposals

FUTURE PROPOSAL Architectural space B-Pro Show Model Render Images

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01 [ CLAY STUDIES ] Material Test Generative Design

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLAY REFERENCE

[ REFERENCE ] At the beginning, we try to understand the material itself, the potential and constrains and method of this material. We try to find the extra ordinary clay artist

who explore clay in the most interesting way, unique shape, and in a huge scale.

Then we try to make our own version of work, exploring each method of clay making from hand forming into casting and molding, and also learn every step of the process from shaping, glassing, to firing.

Eva Hill - Sweden Pinching + Huge Scale Scrupture + Thin Surface + Playable 11

BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Fenella Elms

Mix Material + Linen Casting + Thin Surface

Alexandra Engelfriet- Netherland Pinching + Natural Texture & Coloring RC9 | BRICKCHAIN

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLAY EXPLORATION

[ Various Clay Making Techique ] There are 4 common techniques to work with clay, throwing, slip casting, pinching, press molding. For mass production, slip casting and press molding method are used to duplicate object and has better consistency than pinching and throwing. Pinching and throwing relies heavily on the craftmanship, while the other two method is using mold to produce.

Press molding is the most efficient method considering the production time.

Throwing

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Slip Casting

Pinching

Press Molding

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLAY EXPLORATION

[ SLIP CASTING ]

The Grey Clay is basically a Stoneware Clay, but with an ideal body for modelling. Fires biscuit 1120ยบC to 1290ยบC buff

Liquid clay preparation

The result and another test using thicker liquid clay, 75% : 25% ratio

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLAY EXPLORATION

[ Pinching Technique ]

In this stage, We try to explore pinching method for shaping the clay into unique shape. At first we try to explore the simplest one, making a bowl using pinching to learn and experience the method. Next we try more compex and unique shape to explore and develop this method.

Model Diagram: Creating Different Geometry from One Initial Shape

2 Points

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3 Points

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4 Points

Pinching - Bowl

Pinching - Curved Surface

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLAY FLAT SHEET

[ Initial Flat Clay Sheet Exploration ] In this stage, we try to see the application of flat clay sheet forming to make a regular roof using molding method. We learn how to forming a curve to make a roof and learn some constrains and errors that we faced during the exploration such as cracking due to over heating and fragility of sheet clay during molding.

Manual Flattening and Casting

Cut / flatten to planar sheets

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Multpoint Bending

Cut / flatten to planar sheets

Multipoint Forming

Clay Module Plastic sheet ABS / Plastic Sticks Extruded / Move up according to required height to form a certain surface form, let gravity flex the clay

Let it sit before firing

Base Support

Extruded / Move up according to required height to form a certain surface form, let gravity flex the clay

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLADDING ON CURVE SURFACE

[ Flat Surface Bending ] From the previous exploration, The fluid characteristic of the clay has potentiality to be bended and folded into any curve. we try to see this potentiality to be applied as a cladding on parametric surface. To fabricate each different pieces, we set several point as bending parameter to fold the clay sheet base on parameter on curve surface that we divide. then this parameter we use as bending point to bend the surface into different curve.

Rainflow Application on Surface type 1

type 2

type 3

type 4

type 5

type 6

type 7

type 8

type 9

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Two Line Stacking

Single Bending Module

Double Bending Module

Parametric Method Surface

Roof Panelling

Rain Flow

Structure Side

Front

Perspective

Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | FLAT SURFACE STUDY

[ Initial Flat Clay Sheet Exploration ]

In this stage, we try to see the application of flat clay sheet forming to make a regular roof using molding method. We learn how to forming a curve to make a roof and learn some constrains and errors that we faced during the exploration such as cracking due to over heating and fragility of sheet clay during molding.

Trial and Error

Vinyl Molding Base

High Temperature and Intents Heating

Deform and Cracking

Thin Plastic Molding Base

Low Temperature and Interval Heating

Module Set and No Cracking

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Assembly

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | PATTERN ON FLAT SHEET

[ Mimicing Water Flow As a Pattern ] Instead of bending and folding flat clay sheet, we found different way to forming a curve with the sheet. By adding another layer on the surface, we can create different curve base on pattern we make on it. We try to apply it to mimicking the pattern of rainflow on the roof.

Process and Tools

Plastic

Clay

Plaster

Mix Clay

Shape Clay

Add Color

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Physical Model Conponents

tile 1

tile 2

tile 3

tile 4

tile 5

tile 6

tile 7

tile 8

tile 9

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02 [ GLASS STUDIES ] Material Test Generative Design

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | GALSS FUSING

[ Glass Fusing And Slumping] The Process Of Fusing Glass Fused glass is glass that has been fired (heat-processed) in a kiln at a range of high temperatures from

Glass Fusing 593–677 ° C (1,099–1,251 ° F) is called slumping.

677–732 ° C (1,251–1,350 ° F) is considered “tack fusing” 732–816 ° C (1,350–1,501 ° F) is commonly described as a “full fuse”.

Glass Slumping

Glass slumping - 593 ° C (1,099 ° F) to 816 ° C (1,501 ° F).

1.ingredients - float glass, fused glass, kiln fried glass paint...

2.Melt - 593–677 ° C (1,099–1,251 ° F) is called slumping.

677–732 ° C (1,251–1,350 ° F) is considered “tack fusing” 732–816 ° C (1,350–1,501 ° F) is commonly described as a “full fuse”.

3.Forming - graphite, clay, china...

4.Annealing.

This cooling takes place normally for a period of 10–12 hours in 3 stages.

C (961 ° F).

1. place the glass into the upper end of the annealing range 516 ° 2. the anneal soak at 516 ° C (961 ° F) 3.The kiln is slowly brought down over the course of 2 hours to 371 ° C (700 ° F), s oaked for 2 hours at 371 ° C (700 ° F), down again to 260 ° C (500 ° F)

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | GLASS SLUMPING

[ Method Experiments ]

Glass Slumping Test One 3mm Spectrum 96 Fusing Glass

110mm x 200mm

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Glass Slumping Test Two 3mm Spectrum 96 Fusing Glass

200mm x 200mm

Glass Stringer 50z/142gm

Glass Slumping Test Three 3mm Spectrum 96 Fusing Glass

100mm x 300mm

Glass Slumping Test Four 3mm Spectrum 96 Fusing Glass

100mm x 300mm

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | GLASS BOTTLE

[ Material ] We try to learn the tools and materials when doing glass slumping and glass fusing, also about the detailed temperature when firing.

- Fusing process

01 Spectrum 96 fusing 02 Bullseye fusing 03 Kiln powder 04 Tools - Fusing process

Lead & Light Warehouse 35A Hartland Rd, London, NW1 8DB

01 select different color 02 cut into small pieces 03 keep some space 04 put into kiln

Before glass fusing

The gap is too big so that these small glasses cannot fuse together so that we need to pay attention to the gaps later

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Glass Bottle Cut Process We mainly use glass cutter, candle, ice to cut the glass bootle. When the glass surface is cracked and was influenced by hot and cold alternately, it’s easy to cut down.

- Tools 01

02

03

01 glass bottle 02 glass cutter 03 candle&lighter 01

02

03

01 glass top part 02 glass middle part 03 glass bottom

Before glass fusing 01

after glass fusing 05

02

06

03

07

04

08

Fusing Details

#1

196° p/h

→ 540°

No Hold

#2

ASAP（999° p/h） → 840°

10mins

#3

ASAP（999° p/h） → 540°

10mins

#4

146° p/h

→ 513°

20mins

#5

196° p/h

→ 430°

No Hold

#6

424° p/h

→ Room

No Hold

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | CLAY EXPLORATION

[ Combination Method ]

We try to use arclay to simulate the process of fuing glass bottles. First, we use plastic weld to combine different patterns; then, we use heat gun to heat it, which could make it easier to bend.

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Glass Bottle

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | GLASS BOTTLE

[ Puzzle Pattern Application ]

We try to use arclay to simulate the process of fuing glass bottles. First, we use plastic weld to combine different patterens; then, we use heat gun to heat it, which could be easier to bend it.

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MATERIAL WORKSHOP | ARCLAY SIMULATION

[ Glass Brick ]

We try to use arclay to simulate the process of fuing glass bottles. First, we use plastic weld to combine different patterens; then, we use heat gun to heat it, which could be easier to bend it.

physical model tools

02

01

plastic weld

03

fine hair brush

04

heat gun

arclay pieces

process of physical model 01

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02

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04

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03 [ INITIAL GEOMETRY ] Geometry study Material simulation

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REFERENCE INTERLOCKING SYSTEM | BRICK

[ Discrete and Continuous System ] The initial research about cladding directs us to The Ceramic Constellation Pavilion. A discrete system where each components has a base geometry. They assembles the pavilion using wood as spacer and structure element. Each component is designed with cut outs to be able interlocks with the wood stick.

The ceramic constellation pavilion he University of Hongkong

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As we develop the project, we would also like to explore a continuous system. Plastic Stereotomy project gives us the idea of designing an architectural design with large components that interlocks each other to create a space. We have a notion that clay could be fabricated easily into these shapes easily with the help of computer vision to guide us in design and fabrication process simultaneously.

Plastic Streotomy The Ohio State University

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | BASIC UNIT

[ Geometry Pattern ] Compare with the two shapes, we can see that rectangle shape is more stable and is not easy to change the direction; however, triangle shape can be more flexible, you can control the angle and direction, so it is better to guide the water flow.

Steps of forming patterns

Rectangle shape

Triangle shape

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Pysical test

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | BASIC UNIT

[ Initial Design ]

Geometry Development

Connection Variations

Application Possibilities

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | PUZZLE LOGIC

[ Truchet Pattern ] Truched pattern is a system to create diverse pattern with a simple logic and operation. By rotating a certain pattern or varying these patterns in a grid, the result is very diverse. The first type is using two patterns and applied randomly in each position of the grid, either the first or second pattern. The second type is using a pattern and the variant is a rotation of the first pattern. The third pattern uses similar logic with more complex geometric shapes.

Type One

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Type Two

Type Three

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | PUZZLE LOGIC

[ Panel System ]

The applied truchet pattern making an interlocking system like jigsaw puzzle. At this stage, each of the component has different shapes by utilizing a basic shape. If these were to be applied to more complex surface it could achieve an interesting interlocking system for target geometry, resulting the seams between each component an interesting pattern.

Interlocking Variations

Process

+

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- Assembly

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | PUZZLE LOGIC

[ Panel System ] As we tried using the pattern on more complex surface, we encounter opportunity and problem.

The thickness of the applied pattern could give an interlocking system without any additional supporting component. The angle of the seam interlocks very well with the neighbor component.

However, this opportunity only works well in this scale with 3D printed prototyping.

Process

Interlocking Variations

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- Assembly

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | PUZZLE LOGIC

[ Panel System ] We tried to combine two different ways together to form our puzzle system, and every panel could be curved so that they could connect better.

Process

Interlocking Variations

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- Assembly

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | PUZZLE LOGIC

[ Growing Closed Curve On Polysurface ] Considering the opportunity and constraint from previous test,

we tried to use a new pattern applied on planar surface geometry.

The pattern is developed using an interpolated curve made out of points. Each points will push each other with given parameters and

create a new point when a point has reached a set distance without intersecting each other. This pattern then applied to truncated octahedron as components.

Different Set Of Parameters Growing

Two Closed Curve

Three Closed Curve

Growing Result

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Multi Closed Curve

Length: 32.374 R: 3.462

Length: 19.600 R: 7.835

Length: 44.945 R: 3.956

Length: 32.374 R: 3.462

Length: 19.600 R: 7.835

Length: 44.945 R: 3.956

Length: 32.374 R: 3.462

Length: 19.600 R: 7.835

Length: 44.945 R: 3.956

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | MATERIAL TEST

[ Physical Clay Brick ] We start to consider mold as fabrication process. The repetition of patterns makes using the mold an effective solution. There are two materials tested for making the mold.

Process Of Making Rubber Mould The benefit of using this mold is it is easy to take the clay of the mold, but it is an expensive material.

Earthenware-----Terracotta

Measure The Material

Rubber Mould 01

02

03

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Pour The Plaster

Process Of Making Plaster Mould This material is cheap, however it is harder to take the clay out of the mold.

Stoneware-----Grey Clay

Pour The Plaster

Puring Pool

Plaster Mould 01

02

03

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INTIAL GEOMETRY STUDY | MATERIAL TEST

[ Physical Clay Brick ] The truchet pattern creates an interesting seam in between each component. To be able to scale up the project, we introduce a curving edge to find more possibilities in developing the geometry. With the curved brick, we could aggregate the components to a new axis, thus increases the complexity of the geometry.

Flat Brick 01

02

03

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Curved Brick 01

02

03

04

05

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04 [ BRICKCHAIN ] Design Language Generative Design

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PARALLEL OHEDRON

[ Comparison Of Different Geometries ]

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Cuboid

Hexagonal prism

Rhombi dodecahedron

Elongated dodecahedron

BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Truncated Octahedron We look for geometries that could pack it self together, a self packing geometry. These geometries has a uniform edge length. We decided to use truncated octahedron as our component shape due to the direction the geometry it could translate. It has the highest number of face. The challenge is this geometry is the most complex out of the group.

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PHYSICAL GEOMETRY CONSTRAINT

[ Limitation] Analysing the truncated octahedron, it has several constraint. In this case we avoid to use glue to make the assembling process efficient. The geometry has diagonal facing faces in which it could translate to, which could be problematic. We categorize the connection and the consequence of aggregating the geometry in each face.

Original component

Support Gravity Friction

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Adding component

Original component

Adding component

Original component

Adding component

? ? falling down

Friction

Support Gravity External support

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GEOMETRY STUDY | GEOMETRY DEVELOPMENT

[ Define Combination Of Basic Units ] Considering the constraint we decided to make the components as a group of truncated octahedron. Some of them are a group of two components and the other three components. These components are decided on the necessity to make the whole system stable.

Single Component

Combination of Components

Two components

Three components

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PHYSICAL GEOMETRY CONSTRAINT

[ Add Support Structure] Analysing the group of components, the assembled geometry is unstable. The system struggles to balance itself, making it only able to grow upwards. Considering this as a constraint, we decided to include an additional component in the system.

grow in straight direction

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BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

support

Different type in growing

Add support to make it grow in other directions

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Add Wood Structure ] The structure introduced works both as joint and structure.

The components are designed with cut outs to allow the wood stick to interlocks each other. The behaviour relationship between the clay component and the wood element is defined by the orientation of the base geometry. The wood element can only use the square faces, considering these part has the least face area and also has six directions.

First way of combination

Type 1

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Type 2

Type 3

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Initial Design Prototype ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | WOOD STRUCTURE

[ Clay Component And Wood Relationship ] The second type only allows one direction in each geometry. If the component is consist of more than one base geometry, then it allows the same amount number of wood element. In this type of assembly orientation, there are two horizontal axis and one vertical axis.

Second way of combination

Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

Type 4

Type 5

Type 6

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Process of assembly step 1

step 2

step 3

Physical model attempt

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Initial Design Prototype ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Initial Design Prototype ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | WOOD STRUCTURE

[ Clay Component And Wood Relationship ] The third type is adopting the same principle with the second type, which allows the one wood element each base geometry. The orientation of the geometry is sitting on it’s hexagonal face, resulting all of the square faces facing diagonal angle. This orientation gives a stability that works similar to tensegrity structure.

Second way of combination

Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

Type 4

Type 5

Type 6

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Process of assembly step 1

step 2

step 3

Physical model attempt

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Initial Design Prototype ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | WOOD STRUCTURE

[ Clay Component And Wood Relationship ] Type two

Type three

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Initial Design Prototype ]

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | RENDERED IMAGES

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | RENDERED IMAGES

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Iogic Combination ]

type 1

type 3

type 2

type 4

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type 5

type 6

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Iogic Combination ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Prototypes With Logic ] Prototype - 1

- Assembly details

- WIth color to show brick types

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- Render image

Prototype - 2

- Assembly details

- WIth color to show brick types

- Render image

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Prototypes With Logic ] Prototype - 3

- Assembly details

- WIth color to show brick types

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- Render image

Prototype - 4

- Assembly details

- WIth color to show brick types

- Render image

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Geometry and wood relationship ]

Structure reference

Chinese traditional structure

First way of combination type-1 front view

parallel view

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type-2

type-3

type-4

type-5

type-6

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GEOMETRY STUDY | INTERLOCKING SYSTEM

[ Assembly Process ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Special Components and Joint ] The third type is adopting the same principle with the second type, which allows the one wood element each base geometry. The orientation of the geometry is sitting on it’s hexagonal face, resulting all of the square faces facing diagonal angle. This orientation gives a stability that works similar to tensegrity structure.

Type -1

Type - 2

Changing direction - brick

Connect different scale - brick

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Type - 3

Prvide plain plan - brick

Type - 4

Connect wood stick - joint

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Special Components ]

Special component -1 will be used to combine different size of brick - Geometry study

part 1

part 2

part 3

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- Different types of component

type 1 type 4

type 2

type 3

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Special Components ]

- Different orientation of special parts type 1

type 2

type 3

type 4

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- Usage in building

details small scale brick

special part

large scale brick

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Special Components ]

Special component -2 will be used to change the direction of brick - Geometry study

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- Different directions

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Special Components ]

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GEOMETRY STUDY | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Special Components ]

Special component - 4

Will be used to connect wood stick together

Special component - 3

Will provide flat plan for sitting are and other functions

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PROTOTYPE

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PROTOTYPE

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PROTOTYPE

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GEOMETRY STUDY | PROTOTYPE

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05 [ FABRICATION ] Hand Making Mould Design

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For the fabrication process, in term of precision and fast mod-

ule fabrication system, we try to find the best way to build our module using several basic clay fabrication technique. The goal is to discover the suitable method to make our module in a fastest and most precise way in constraint of material character of the clay itself ( thickness, consistency, efficiency, precision and shrinkage).

At the first trial, we tried a simple fabrication method using manual hand press molding system, then we develop different slip casting mold system to build and test out module using three different types of clay to see the character of each type of clay and comparing all method to see which one is the best to use to fabricate our module base on the parameter that we set.

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Hand Press Mold

Slip Cast Mold

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MOULD MAKING | WORKFLOW

[ TWO WAYS OF FABRICATION ]

Type 1 Make a simple wood mold and make a model by manual pressing

Laser c Wood board

Clay

Type 2 Making plaster mold, using the way of slip casting to make clay

135 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

cnc mach

cut

hine

Tape Combine together

Wood chip

Wood chip

Final clay Combine together

Block

Plaster

Liquid clay

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MOULD MAKING | HAND PRESS

[ HAND PRESS MOULD ]

Hand Press Mold First fabrication trial, we tried to develop manual hand press system to see if our module is possible to build and make using really simple method of clay making. In this process, we use plywood sheet as a mold to cast clay sheet into our module shape, using three types of clay.

We found that this method is really easy to do and can produce a lot of module in short time, but we found several constrain during the making process such as cracking and inconsistency of wall thickness of the module make it not strong enough and have a weak point. We also measured the thickness of the clay sheet and consistency of the making, the inconsistency of hand making process cannot be avoided because this process really depends on hand making skill.

Mould Making Process

Clay Making Process

Place the clay on the panel

The clay with a tool

137 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Place the clay inside the mold

Press the clay to the mold hand

Results From Different Clay Types - Grey Clay

- Terracotta

03

05

04

06

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MATERIAL TEST | MAKING PROCESS

[ Firing Temparature ] Process and Materials of Firing Clay

Batt Wash

Brush

Clay Before Firing

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Kiln

Arrangement

Clay Type: Stoneware ------ Grey Clay Temperature: 1120（lowest for grey clay）—1160(hightest for terracotta) Time Length: 12h for fire & 12h for cold

Clay After Firing

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING MOULD

[ MOULD DESIGN ]

Mold Making

Next development, we try to develop different mold system for slip casting. As we consider in the previous process that the number of the hole in every face have reduced the strengthens of the module. We try to figure out how to control the number of the structure hole only the amount and on place that needed.

In this trial, we try to develop a combinatory mold system to control the hole on every square face. We use multy part mold system to control where we should place the hole for placing the structure.

141 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Combinatory Mould Next development is to try a combinatory mold for slip casting to make a reconfigurable mold for two or three truncated octahedron percomponent.

Type 1

Type 2

with one wholes

Type 3

with two opposite wholes

Type 4

with three wholes

Type 5

with four wholes

Type 6

with five wholes

with six wholes

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING MOULD

[ MOULD ASSEMBLY ] To make the mold, first, we divide the component into several pieces and make the negative component by wood using CNC machine. But, we found a problem with this material after we cast and pour plaster into it stuck and cannot be taken out easily. Then we tried to remake the mold using PLA 3D printing and it works really well.

Wood mold type 1

Plaster mold type 1

module 1

143 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Wood mold type 2

Plaster mold type 2

module 2 ( no whole mark )

Mold type 3

Plaster mold type 3

module 3 ( with whole mark )

step 1 Decide surface with hole location

module 2 (with no hole mark)

module 1 module 3 (with hole mark)

step 2 Decide surface with no hole location

module 2 (with no hole mark)

module 1 module 2 (with no hole mark)

step 3 Final assembly

module 2 (with no hole mark)

module 2 (with hole mark)

module 2 (with no hole mark)

module 2 (with hole mark) module 1

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

Tools 1. Wood board

2.cnc machine

Mold pictures

145 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Due to the excessive texture of the wood, the friction is too large after pouring the gypsum into the mold, so it is not easy to take out.

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MOULD MAKING | PLASTER MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

Tools 1. wood board

2. cnc machine

Mold pictures

147 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

3. plaster

We use 3D printed PLA as a solution. The character of 3D printed material is non absorbency, making it come of easily.

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

- Growing the mold

Growing the mold

Reconstruct component

149 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Adding connector component

New mold type

- Mold pictures

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

- Type 1

clay

mold

- Type 2

assembly details

- Type 5

clay

clay

mold

assembly details

mold

assembly details

151 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

- Type 6

clay

assembly details

mold

- Type 3

clay

mold

- Type 4

assembly details

- Type 7

clay

assembly details

clay

mold

assembly details

mold

- Type 8

clay

mold

assembly details

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MOULD MAKING | PLASTER MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

- Basic Clay Component Components

Assembly process

- Reconfigurable Mold Type One Components

153 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Assembly process

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MOULD MAKING | PLASTER MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

155 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

The result is easy to assemble and it can hold itself. However, to make it secure, we use rubber bands to hold the parts together. A frame would be able to help the process easier, so it could be assembled by a person.

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MOULD MAKING | PLASTER MOULD

[ RECONFIGURABLE MOULD ]

157 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

The result is easy to assemble and it can hold itself. However, to make it secure, we use rubber bands to hold the parts together. A frame would be able to help the process easier, so it could be assembled by a person.

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING METHOD

[ MAKING CLAY BRICK ]

Tools 1. mixture

2. white stoneware

01 use blender to mix clay thoroughly 02 add water to mix it proper 03 pour liquid clay to mold 04 wait for 20 minuts to dry 05 pour the clay out of the mold 06 wait 2 days to dry

159 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

04 it can form plain surface 05 The bumps can be connected to other models

06 clay is too thick so 20 minuts is not enough for drying

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Test Result: Different Liquidity and Set Time ]

- Different results result -1

Clay Type

: Porcelain

Thickness

: 0.2 cm

Dry time

: 2 day

Clay Type

: Porcelain

Thickness

: 0.5 cm

Dry time

: 3 days

result -2

Composition : 1:2 Set time : 20 minutes

result -3

Composition : 1:1 Set time : 1 hour

161 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Clay Type

: Gray Clay

Thickness

: 0.4 cm

Dry time

: 1 day

Clay Type

: Gray Clay

Thickness

: 0.7 cm

Dry time

: 1 days

Composition : 1:3 Set time : 20 minutes

result -4

Composition : 1:4 Set time : 30 minutes

- Mixing and set time matter

140

Liquidity of clay mixture and amount of set time is crucial for the final result of the casting.

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Test Result: Different Liquidity and Set Time ]

FAIL

Type

: High fire

Temperature : 1180 C

Problem Layer

163 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

: Did not melt : 3

FAIL

Type

: High fire

Temperature : 1250 C

Problem Layer

: Cracking : 3

FA

Typ

Tem

Pro Lay

AIL

pe

: High fire

mperature : 1200 C

oblem yer

: Drip too much : 5

FAIL

Type

: Low fire

Temperature : 1060 C Problem Layer

: Too thin : 1

SUCCESS

Type

: Low fire

Temperature : 1060 C Problem Layer

: : 3

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING METHOD

[ MAKING CLAY BRICK ]

- Mold

- Clay

165 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING METHOD

[ RUBBER JOINT ]

Tools 1. wood board

2. cnc machine

Tools

169 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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MOULD MAKING | SLIPCASTING METHOD

[ PARTS ANATOMY ]

Non-structural wood stick

Type 2 component

171 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Type 4 component

Rubber part

Structural wood stick

Type 5 component

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173 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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175 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

06 [ MATERIAL TEST ] Firing Process Material Test Material Comparison

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Comparison ]

After doing a series of different kinds of tests of grey clay, Terracotta, and porcelain, we make a comparison among these three different types of clay. However, based on the influence of human and environmental factors, some models do not reach the best state during the production process, so that the test results may be affected.

Grey Clay Terracotta Porcelain

177 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

between 1,200 and 1,400 ° C

Porcelain

between 1,120 and 1,290 ° C

Grey Clay

between 1,080 and 1,160 ° C

Terracotta

Max Temperature Time For Drying Shrinkage Stage 1 Shrinkage Stage 2 Cracks Expense

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MATERIAL TEST | MAKING PROCESS

[ Glaze ] The firing process needs preparation and understanding of each type of clay. Each types have their specific recommended firing temperature and settings in details, such as: ramping temperature per hour, soaking temperature, and how long does it need to be cooled down.

Process and Materials of Firing Clay 1. Clay glaze

2. Brush tool

179 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

[ Grey Clay ]

Stage 1: 25 - 300℃ Soak Temp : 5 mins Stage 2: 300-1250℃ Soak Temp : 20 mins Cooling down to 25℃

[ Terracotta ]

Stage 1: 25 - 300℃ Soak Temp : 5 mins Stage 2: 300-1050℃ Soak Temp : 20 mins Cooling down to 25℃

[ Porcelain ]

Stage 1: 25 - 300℃ Soak Temp : 5 mins Stage 2: 300-1280℃ Soak Temp : 20 mins Cooling down to 25℃

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Shrinkage ] - Grey Clay Test

- Work flow Document shrink rate

Mold

Document shrink rate

Glaze

Final clay

Grey clay

Document shrink rate

01 Before Firing

181 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Kiln

02 After Fring

- Shrinkage Record Shrink 19.62%

Shrink 22.46%

Shrink 37.68%

27.6

27.6

- Mold clay

27.6

- Shrink stage one: mold and clay before firing

21.4

- Clay before firing

21.4

21.4

17.2

17.2

- Clay after firing

17.2

- Shrink stage two: clay before and after firing

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Shrinkage ] - Terracotta Test

- Work flow Document shrink rate

Mold

Document shrink rate

Glaze

Final clay

Terracotta

Document shrink rate

03 Before Fring

183 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Kiln

04 After Firing

- Shrinkage Record Shrink 11.40%

Shrink 30.07%

Shrink 38.04%

27.6

- Mold clay

27.6

27.6

- Shrink stage one: mold and clay before firing

19.3

- Clay before firing

19.3

19.3

17.1

17.1

- Clay after firing

17.1

- Shrink stage two: clay before and after firing

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Shrinkage ] - Porcelain Test

- Work flow document shrink rate

mold

document shrink rate

glaze

final clay

Terracotta

document shrink rate

03 Before Fring

185 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

kiln

04 After Fring

- Shrinkage Record shrink 13.17%

shrink 11.96%

shrink 23.55%

27.6

- mold clay

27.6

27.6

- shrink stage one: mold and clay before firing

24.3

- clay before firing

24.3

24.3

21.1

21.1

- clay after firing

21.1

- shrink stage two: clay before and after firing

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Strength Test ]

- Test with human

Type Face

Weigh

:

Single Module

Type

:

75 kg

Weigh

0.5 cm

Thickness :

:

Hexagon

Duration : 10 seconds Thickness :

Strength :

187 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Face

:

Single Module

:

75 kg

:

Square

Duration : 10 seconds Strength :

0.5 cm

Type Face

Weigh

:

Double Module

Type

:

75 kg

Weigh

:

Hexagon

Duration : 10 seconds Thickness :

Strength :

0.5 cm

Face

:

Single Module

:

75 kg

:

Square

Duration : 10 seconds Thickness :

Strength :

0.5 cm

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Strength Test ] After getting these clay bricks made of different thickness and different materials( grey clay, Terracotta, porcelain), we use compression test to test the strength of these different bricks. However, due to the cracks in some bricks during the production process, it will affect the results of the experiment.

Clay Tpye :

Grey Clay

Thickness :

0.5cm

Clay Tpye :

Grey Clay

Thickness :

1.0cm

Strength :

Strength :

189 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Clay Tpye :

Terracotta

Clay Tpye :

Porcelain

Thickness :

0.5cm

Thickness :

0.5cm

Clay Tpye :

Terracotta

Clay Tpye :

Porcelain

Thickness :

1.0cm

Thickness :

1.0cm

Strength :

Strength :

Strength :

Strength :

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MATERIAL TEST | MATERIAL CONSTRAINT

[ Strength Test ]

Here are the results of strength test with these clay bricks made of different thickness and different materials( grey clay, Terracotta, porcelain). The shape and surface attaching to ground will also influence the strength of clay.

191 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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193 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

07 [ ALGORITHM ] Generative Design Machine Learning

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MATERIAL TEST | PHYSICAL GEOMETRY CONSTRAINT

[ Combination Strength ] Depending on the orientation of the geometry, either it is sitting on the hexagon face or square face, the connection strength is difference in each condition. We analyse the connection in each scenario of application to get better understanding of the physical geometry constraints.

Strong Medium Low

195 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Strong Medium Low

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MATERIAL TEST | INITIAL COMPUTATIONAL LOGIC

[ Define Combination Of Basic Units ] Grow Logic Considering the constraint we decided to make the components as a group of truncated octahedron. Some of them are a group of two components and the other three components. These components are decided on the necessity to make the whole system stable.

Base geometry

Find Neighbor

Grow Logic

Instantiate The Component

Generate Component Connection

197 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Base geometry

Find Neighbor

Boundary & Grid Points

Generate Component Connection

Boundary & Grid Points

Generate Component Connection

Instantiate The Component

Find Neighbor

Find Neighbor

Generate Component Connection

Instantiate The Component

Instantiate The Component

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MATERIAL TEST | INITIAL COMPUTATIONAL LOGIC

[ Define Combination Of Basic Units ] Using the initial computation logic. These combinations are created using a bounding box and given limit of 1000 components. Each component is colour coded in grey scale to differentiate each group.

-Type One

199 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

-Type Two

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MATERIAL TEST | INITIAL COMPUTATIONAL LOGIC

[ Define Combination Of Basic Units ]

-Type Three

201 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

-Type Four

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MATERIAL TEST | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Define Combination Of Wood And Clay ]

The structure introduced works both as joint and structure.

The components are designed with cut outs to allow the wood stick to interlocks each other. The behavior relationship between the clay component and the wood element is defined by the orientation of the base geometry. The wood element can only use the square faces, considering these part has the least face area and also has six directions.

Grow Logic

Base geometry

Find Neighbor

Grow Logic

Instantiate The Component

Generate Component Connecti

203 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

ion

Base geometry

Find Neighbor

Boundary & Grid Points

Generate Component Connection

Boundary & Grid Points

Generate Component Connection

Instantiate The Component

Find Neighbor

Find Neighbor

Generate Component Connection

Instantiate The Component

Instantiate The Component

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MATERIAL TEST | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Define Combination Of Wood And Clay ]

Based on the logic we used before, we try to add wood sticks to our generate system. These combinations are also be created using a bounding box and given limit of 1000 components. Each component is colour coded in grey scale to differentiate each group.

205 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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MATERIAL TEST | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Define Combination Of Wood And Clay ] Aggregation can be initiated by constraints defined with boundary representation. These constraints are used to control the growth while the algorithm makes connection between each component. The initial starting point or seed also defines the final result.

These columns is made to test the behavior of the algorithm.

Each of these columns has either volumetric, surface, or lines as constraint.

BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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MATERIAL TEST | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Define Combination Of Wood And Clay ] In this test, the branches shows how the different branch could sometime use the same wood stick if the length is less than 2.4 meters. This behavior is designed to strengthen the stability.

BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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ARGORITHM | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

[ Define Combination Of Wood And Clay ] In this test, the pavilion is made of several curves as basic constructor. The algorithm lets the sticks to extend to the ground for better stability.

211 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Physics Calculation ] To test the computer generated design, physics calculation is tested on simple column aggregation.

The results shows that the bricks are falling down due to instability. The calculation was performed locally, not global criteria due to the nature of the design language that is easy to reassemble.

- Physics Caculation

Physics caculation

Center weight & contact points

Rigid body simulation

Evaluate available directions

Opposite direction of predicted vector

Instantiate new component

163 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Generation Process : Output Rigid Body Local Components Vector Generation - 1 - generation process

- rigid body simulation

Generation - 2 - generation process

- rigid body simulation

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Aggregation Optimization ] To optimize the aggregation, we used physics calculation in the algorithm as a constraint. The rigid body simulation is able to analyze the falling direction and evaluate where the best possible location brick needs to be aggregated in the next iteration.

- Generation Process : Output Calculating Number of Components iteration - 8

iteration - 16

iteration - 24

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

3

2

clay wood

6

5

clay wood

8

7

clay wood

iteration - 32

iteration - 40

iteration - 48

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

11

12

clay wood

14

13

clay wood

17

16

clay wood

iteration - 56

iteration - 64

iteration - 72

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

20

19

clay wood

215 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

24

23

clay wood

27

26

clay wood

- Generation Process : Output Structural Analysis Utilization

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Training Aggregation Agents ] Realizing the opportunity of the algorithm could evaluate on itself, we decided to use machine learning pipeline to generate better aggregation. The aggregation agent is trained to predict the stability by running physics calculation each iteration.

Then, structural analysis is also added as additional constraint to have more accurate calculation. This will make the aggregation process be able to analyze itself and make amends.given limit of 1000 components. Each component is colour coded in grey scale to differentiate each group.

Iteration ID - 2

Iteration ID- 3

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

clay

26

wood

25

- utilization

clay

30

wood

29

<-25% -25%

- comparison of iterations

- comparison of iterations ±0%

100

+25% >+25%

100

Iteration ID - 5

Iteration ID - 6

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

clay

24

wood

23

- utilization <-25% -25%

- comparison of iterations

clay

28

wood

27

- comparison of iterations ±0%

100

+25% >+25%

100

Iteration ID - 8

Iteration ID - 9

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

clay

32

wood

31

- utilization

clay

22

wood

21

<-25% -25%

- comparison of iterations

- comparison of iterations ±0%

100

217 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

+25% >+25%

100

Iteration ID - 4 - numbers of component - utilization

clay

20

wood

19

<-25% -25%

- utilization <-25% -25%

- comparison of iterations ±0%

±0%

+25% >+25%

100

+25% >+25%

Iteration ID - 7 - numbers of component - utilization <-25% -25%

clay

27

wood

26

- utilization <-25% -25%

- comparison of iterations ±0%

±0%

+25% >+25%

100

+25% >+25%

Iteration ID - 10 - numbers of component - utilization

clay

32

wood

31

<-25% -25%

- utilization <-25% -25%

- comparison of iterations ±0%

+25% >+25%

±0%

100

+25% >+25%

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Multi-Agent Aggregation Based on Training ] These test are the result of optimization of agent training. The test is to make a simple pavilion. These results are the most optimized aggregation based on a family of ten set each generation.tions are also be created using a bounding box and given limit of 1000 components. Each component is colour coded in grey scale to differentiate each group.

- Different Results of Multi Agent Iteration ID - 1 iteration - 0

iteration - 4

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

0

0

clay wood

13

6

clay wood

iteration - 8

iteration - 12

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

23

16

clay wood

34

27

clay wood

iteration - 16

iteration - 20

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

47

40

clay wood

219 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

59

52

clay wood

Iteration ID - 2 iteration - 0

iteration - 4

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

0

0

clay wood

15

7

clay wood

iteration - 8

iteration - 12

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

28

15

clay wood

39

34

clay wood

iteration - 16

iteration - 20

- numbers of component

- numbers of component

57

45

clay wood

63

54

clay wood

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221 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Generation of Multi agent ] Work flow of machine learning to help design

- Set multi points

- Grow between points

- Annalyse brick pressure

-A

set multiple points as the target and then they will grow between them.

the computer will caculate the nearest way between points and grow with the brick system

caculate the pressure of model and select the brick that could be deleted

ana sys

223 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Analyse pressure

- Delete useless bricks

- Count wood stick

alyse the pressure again to make sure the stem is stable

delete selected bricks and provide the new design with less material

count the distance between wood stick and add smaller one as the facade

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Architectural Space Growth With ML ] Growth base on the size parameters - Type One Generation prAocess

225 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Generation result

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Architectural Space Growth With ML ] Growth base on the size parameters - Type One Generation prAocess

227 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Generation result

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Architectural Space Growth With ML ] Growth base on the size parameters - Type One Generation prAocess

229 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Generation result

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ARGORITHM | MACHINE LEARNING

[ Architectural Space Growth With ML ] The use of machine learning will help to optimise the generation of an architectural space base on several parameters, to define the most efficient used of the materials and structural behaviour to create a specific space that users needed. It can provide users with several choice of iterations and also data collection from user previous behaviour for future iteration.

231 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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08 [ AUGMENTED REALITY ] Human Computer Interaction User Interface

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | REFERENCE

Unlike virtual reality, mixed reality overlays the real world with digital information, in place and at full scale. This allows a wearer to interact with people, machines, tools and materials all around them. Mixed reality has the potential to revolutionise how we design and build

The University of Tasmania

In this program, people are using hololens to help them to build a curved wall.

Through hololens, they could see the position of every brick to make sure that the wall is built accurately

235 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

HENN-Pop up City

An experimental installation, the popup factory involved HENNâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s performing team and the use a robot that via voice input was able to uniquely treat the surfaces of polystyrene blocks. By means of a HoloLens headset the building blocks could be placed in their allotted and appropriate positions.

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | REFERENCE

[ Work Flow ]

In our design, we try to use Hololens to help us to assembly the bricks.

Return

inform

ation

Return information to Hololens

Guide the behaviour

Send model

emb

Ase

237 BARTLETT | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

l

sica

hy ly p

n to H ololen s

del l mo

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | REFERENCE

[ Work Flow ]

Step 1. Connect device

Step 2. Reaction to real world

The simplest way to create mixed reality experiences from Rhino. Click Add Device, look at the QR code, and go.

Click the model in computer to add one more geometry, and the change could be shown in reality at the same time.

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Step 3. Share interaction

Step 4. Gesture control

Share interactive experiences across platforms, users and devices. The change in laptop of reality would influence the other.

Control how models are streamed to the HoloLens and use gestures and sensor data to interact with them.

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | REFERENCE

[ Work Flow ]

- Augmented reality technology would help to caculate the most efficient model with ML.

3. With the gesture of click, we could follow the guide of Hololens.

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1. Activate the interface, and then select the model you like.

2. Wearing Hololens and display 3D electronic virtual model.

4. Computer would help to caculate the proper position of structure.

5. Finally adjust model to make it accurate and precise.

- With recgonition technology, us-

ers could assmbly and reassembly model to adjust environment.

1. Activate the interface, and then select the model you like.

2. Hololens will show you the next step of assembly.

3. Change the position of suggested one and put to another place.

4. Computer would try to caculate another proper model that suits.

5. Click model and follow the next step to assembly it.

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ARGUMENTED REALITY | ASSEMBLY

[ Initial Application of Mix Reality Guidance ] We use the help of AR guidance in brick assembly process. At the first attempt, the use of holographic projection in the real environment, it will help to guide the user to define the upcoming step, type, and position of the brick while the assembly process. Afterward, we develop more of the application of the Mix reality tools to bridge a realtime communication between computer and user in component assembly process.

- Making process

- Inner space

01

02

03

04

01

02

03

04

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01

02

- Outside space

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTICAL TRACKING AND CAMERA RECOGNITION SYSTEM

[ Human-Computer Interaction Initial Test ]

ArUco code was an attempt to have an interaction between machine and human in this project. The first step is to have the machine to be able recognize the component. Then, the computer could help the assembly seamlessly assisting the user while using the system.

The first test using ArUco code is to let computer recognize the location of each face which then used to accurately get the position to the digital space and real world in real-time.

- Model with aruco type 1

type 2

type 3

use hololens to track

select aruco code

aruco code

which can apply

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attach aruco code to brick

- Aruco code rules Human-Com

Code type

Code type

Human-Com

Code type

Code type

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTICAL TRACKING AND CAMERA RECOGNITION SYSTEM

[ Human-Computer Interaction Initial Test ]

- The first image shows the Aruco successfully get the location of the 3D printed prototype and overlay an image.

Initial test to get accurate location of the prototype

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- The yellow transparent component is the arbitary target. When the component is positioned correctly on the target, it toggled a boolean function. Then it can be attached to any arbitary command passed to the computer.

Boolean test function

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTICAL TRACKING AND CAMERA RECOGNITION SYSTEM

[ Human-Computer Interaction Initial Test ] This test is an alternative approach to design the system using the help of computer. The ArUco box is used as the target.

User can easily make their own design with the help of BrickChain system to generate the components according to the rules, like the efficiency of materials.

- Making process with ArUco code

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- Design with the help of ArUco code

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTICAL TRACKING AND CAMERA RECOGNITION SYSTEM

[ Optical Tracking and Camera Recognition System ]

Tools For Set Up

Flex 13

Markers

Cables and Connections

Set Up Space

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Dots

Calibration Wand Kit

Calibration Wand Kit

Set Up Space

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Component recognition ]

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Pattern Design ] - Dots possition on brick

- Dots position abstraction

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- Principle of optitrack recognition

- Pattern design based on dots position

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Pattern Design ] - Dots possition on brick type one

type two

type three

type four

type five

type six

type seven

type eight

type one

type two

type three

type four

type five

type six

type seven

type eight

Brick type

Brick type

- Dots position abstraction

Brick type

Brick type

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- Principle of optitrack recognition type one

type two

type three

type four

type five

type six

type seven

type eight

type one

type two

type three

type four

type five

type six

type seven

type eight

Brick type

Brick type

- Pattern design based on dots position

Brick type

Brick type

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Pattern Code ]

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Pattern Recognition: User Information Interface ]

- Real Time Movement

- Pattern Recognition

- Brick Type

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Pattern Recognition: User Information Interface ]

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Assembly Guidance ] The HoloLens enhances the system by guiding the user on the assembly process. Combined with component recognition system, the computer can get information in real-time on what the user is doing and give feedback accordingly.

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Assembly Guidance ] This test with full scale physical model shows the interaction between user and machine. The computer can recognize the components through triangulation system captured by the camera, by identifying the marker patterns on the bricks.

- Real Time Movement

- Movement Tracked By Optitrack

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AUGMENTED REALITY | INTERFACE

[ Interface Design ] The interface guides the user through several options to design their own assisted by the algorithm and machine learning or select a library of preset design shared by other users.

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Assembly And Reassembly ]

The component recognition also enables user to seamlessly edit a design by directly modifying them in the physical world. These changes then captured by the computer and make adjustments accordingly.

- Original Design

- Reselect model

- New Design

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AUGMENTED REALITY | OPTITRACK TEST

[ Assembly And Reassembly ] By using BrickChain system, users could assembly and reassemebly the design

with the help of machine learning and augmented reality to adjust environment.

- Reassembly principle

original model

change part

changed model

- Reassembly process details step 1

step 2

step 3

step 4

step 5

step 6

step 7

step 8

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- Changed Model

- Original Model

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08 [ FUTURE PROPOSAL ] Architectural Space B-Pro Show Model Render Images

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Reassembly Architectural Space ] BrickChain system could provide users the possibility to assembly and reassembly the model, which means the space could change

based on the needs of users. Here are the examples of how the system could change into different needs.

Space type 1 - Office sapce

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Space type 2 - Living sapce

Space type 3 - Entertainment sapce

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Reassembly Architectural Space ] When changing into different space, users just need to remove and reassembly a little part of the original one then can get a new space.

Space type 1 - Office sapce

same conponents

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Space type 2 - Living sapce

different conponents

Space type 2 - Living sapce

same conponents

Space type 3 - Entertainment sapce

different conponents

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Office Space Design ]

- Office Space

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- function division

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Office Space Design ]

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Office Space Design ]

- Reassembly Steps

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- Type One

- Type Two

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Office Space Design ]

- Reassembly Steps

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- Type Two

- Type Three

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ Office Space Design ]

- Reassembly Steps

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- Type Three

- Type Four

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ B-Pro Show Model ]

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | PHYSICAL MODEL

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | PHYSICAL MODEL

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

[ B-Pro Show Model ]

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FUTURE PROPOSAL | ARCHITECTURAL SPACE

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