South Dakota Farm & Ranch January 2018

DICAMBA USAGE

EXPECTED TO DOUBLE

NO-TILL Dominating cropping systems in South Dakota

5

USDA defines family farm 18

14

PRESORTED STANDARD ECRWSS US POSTAGE PAID PERMIT 55 MITCHELL, SD

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2 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH January 2018

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DICAMBA USAGE

Expected to double

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A soybean field north of Mitchell. (Republic file photo)

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Family Farm 18 Publisher RO R Y PA L M

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Editor L U K E H AG EN

Layout Design JEN P HILL I PS & A N N A H I N S V ER K

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South Dakota Farm & Ranch is a monthly agricultural publication dedicated to informing South Dakota area farmers and ranchers about current topics, news and the future of agriculture. This publication fits the niche of our unique farmers and ranchers of South Dakota, and the diverseness we have in our state. Although the Missouri River divides our state, we are all South Dakotans and thank the land for supporting us each and every day.

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No-till dominates cropping systems in

South Dakota

SOURCE: NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE

N

o-till remains the predominant cropping system on South Dakota cropland, the most recent inventory by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) shows. Information gathered by NRCS employees and partners from more than 26,000 fields across the state in the fall of 2016 and spring of 2017 shows no-till systems are being used on 45 percent of cropland fields in the state.

“Our inventory shows producers are using

no-till on more than 6 million acres,” NRCS State Conservationist Jeff Zimprich said.

Zimprich outlined results of the inventory in detail to producers and supporting agribusinesses at the Annual Agronomy Conference of the South Dakota Agribusiness Association in Sioux Falls.

“No-till outpaced the system with the second highest acreage, mulch till, by a two-to-one margin, and was nearly triple

the acreage of conventionally tilled fields,” he said.

Zimprich said the use of no-till is important to both agriculture producers and consumers, because it helps both save and build topsoil, improves water quality, and makes cropland soils more resilient to harsh weather.

The 45 percent use compares to 37 percent use in 2004, matches 45 percent use in 2013, and dropped one percent from the 2015 inventory.

Continued to page 7

NO-TILL STRONG IN CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA: Fourteen counties in central South Dakota have three-quarters or more of the cropland under no-till cropping systems. (Map courtesy of NRCS)

January 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH 5

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South Dakota cropping systems 2017

The 2017 NRCS Cropping Systems Inventory estimates 45 percent of South Dakota cropland is farmed with a no-till cropping system.

(Graphic courtesy of NRCS) Continued from page 5

“No-till use has grown in the past 15 years,” Zimprich said. “The one percent drop from 2015 isn’t much of a drop, but any loss of no-till is a concern for conservationists like myself, because no-till is a key part of not only protecting, but building healthier soils that will serve producers well into the future.”

With no-till farming systems, the soil is left undisturbed from harvest to planting, and the planting process disturbs only a small part of the soil surface as seeds are planted into the ground. Other systems, including mulch till, reduced tillage and conventional tillage, disturb the entire soil surface and bury varying amounts of residues from previous crops.

The greatest use of no-till continues to be

in the band of counties through the central part of the state, a transition zone between the wetter eastern portion of the state and the drier west.

“This transition zone has the greatest diversity of crops, too,” Zimprich said. “In this part of the state, which was hit hard by the drought this past year, 14 counties have three-quarters or more of the cropland under no-till cropping systems. That compares to only four counties in 2004.

That was important in the drought because the armor and undisturbed soil of a no-till system, along with crop rotations and cover crops, offered the most resilience in what was a very dry year over most of the state.”

Some producers credited the combination with saving their crops.

“I doubt we would have had any chance for a decent crop without no-till this year,” says Kevin Deiter, who farms in Faulk County.

“The carryover effect from a dry 2016 made it really tough–we think a good crop rotation helps in a dry year, along with no-till that doesn’t open up your soil. Most people around here no-till.”

Another producer, Dan Forgey of Potter County, said he didn’t expect much for yields this past year, but ended up with slightly above average crop yields. He said healthy soils, built from years of diversified crops, livestock integration and cover crops, plus 24 years of no-till made the difference in this dry season. 

January 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH 7

Things I’ve said, concluded, heard and repeated about ranching

R

when you’re watching from outside of the

hand signals. The best way to do this on

as planned, you might as well stay in bed.

fence.

a ranch is to gather up a bunch of cows in

Ranch life is king at sandbagging. No thriller

For the men and women (and dogs) who

a small area, grab your spouse, then play

novel can dole out more unexpected twists

work with the land and cattle — which

a game of charades. The husband makes

oftentimes outnumber the population of

hand gestures and the wife has to guess

many rural South Dakota towns — their

what her husband wants to achieve with

perspectives are different.

the herd. It’s super fun for the people

you go insane.” In this industry, everything

watching.

is worthy of worry. It’s best just to view

anching’s fun —

All my life, I’ve heard “You learn from

BY AMY KIRK

and turns than a ranching operation.

“If worrying doesn’t kill you, it’ll just make

your mistakes.” Every time I made a bad

“If you don’t want any calves to die, then

decision or bad choice, someone would

don’t own any cows,” is another favored

“Get by for now, fix it later,” which

be around to tell me about the accolades

phrase. A good friend and neighbor of ours

basically means when it becomes a

of screwing up and attempt to make

claimed his dad always used to say this. If

me feel better by saying that phrase. If

you own anything that’s alive, just figure a

that’s the case, then I should be a genius

small percentage of them are going to die

by now because ranching is a mecca for

on you, no matter what you try to do.

every surprise as an opportunity.

problem again, it will likely get temporarily fixed again.

“Show up once in a while. If we’re not here

If you like to be in control, then don’t be

just find something to do. There’s plenty of

I so often hear, “If it was easy, everybody

a rancher. Unfortunately there are a lot

work around here.” A neighboring rancher

would be doing it.” Some people just

of ranchers out there who haven’t figured

who lived down the road from us, but we

know how to better do things the hard

this out. Control is the last thing you’ll

way. That’s why those people are called

gain from a ranching lifestyle. It’s the little

ranchers. It isn’t easy, but it’s been a great

stuff that we get to have control over, like

way to make all of life’s other problems

getting out of bed.

opportunities to screw up.

didn’t see very often, used to say this to us when we’d see him. It was his invitation to come and visit now and then.

If you like having a schedule to guide your

The basics of ranching are simple. All

The best way to learn patience is to

day, knowing what’s going on, what’s next

you really need to ranch is good sense of

learn a foreign language, like a rancher’s

or like making plans and carrying them out

humor — and cows. 

seem easy.

8 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH January 2018

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LOW SIDEWALL TECHNOLOGY

F AVOR I T E F AM I L Y

Banana and Coconut Loaf The aroma of homemade bread baking in the oven is enough to compel many people to get in the kitchen and bake.

That aroma is even more welcoming when hosting friends and family overnight, as there’s nothing quite like waking up to the smell of freshly baked bread coming from the kitchen. Hosts who want to treat their guests to such aromatic mornings can try the following recipe for Banana and Coconut Loaf.

Makes 1 medium loaf

Ingredients

HUGE

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¾ cup unsweetened shredded coconut 7 tablespoons unsalted butter, softened ½ cup packed light brown sugar Grated peel of 1 unwaxed lime 2 extra-large eggs, beaten 3 medium bananas, very ripe (about 1 cup peeled) 3 tablespoons plain yogurt (not fat-free) 2 cups unbleached all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon baking powder ½ teaspoon baking soda A good pinch of sea salt 1 8 x 4 x 2 1/2-inch loaf pan, greased and base-lined with parchment paper

•

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F.

•

Put the coconut in an ovenproof dish and toast in the heated oven for about 3 minutes until a light gold color. Let cool until needed

•

Put the butter into a large bowl, add the sugar and the grated lime peel. Beat well with a wooden spoon or electric mixer.

•

Gradually beat in the eggs.

•

Using a fork, mash the bananas fairly roughly so they keep a bit of texture. Add to the bowl together with the coconut.

•

Halve the lime and squeeze out the juice, then add 1 tablespoon of the juice to the bowl with the yogurt. Mix in gently.

•

Set a strainer over the bowl and sift the flour, baking powder, baking soda and salt onto the mixture. Mix in well, then scrape the mixture into the prepared pan and smooth the surface.

•

Bake for about 1 hour until golden and a skewer inserted into the center of the loaf comes out clean. Carefully remove from the pan and let cool on a wire rack. Serve thickly sliced. Best eaten within 3 days. Can be frozen for up to 1 month.

001680127r1

Directions

*For commercial use only. Customer participation subject to credit qualification and approval

by CNH Industrial Capital America LLC. See your participating New Holland dealer for details and eligibility requirements. Not all customers or applicants may qualify for this rate or term.

Depending on model, a down payment may be required. Offer good through March 31, 2018, at participating New Holland dealers in the United States. CNH Industrial Capital America LLC standard terms and conditions will apply. Offer subject to change or cancellation without notice. Taxes, freight, set-up, delivery, additional options or attachments not included in price. © 2018 CNH Industrial America LLC. All rights reserved. CNH Industrial Capital and New Holland Agriculture are trademarks registered in the United States and many other countries, owned by or licensed to CNH Industrial N.V., its subsidiaries or affiliates. New Holland Construction is a trademark in the United States and many other countries, owned by or licensed to CNH Industrial N.V., its subsidiaries or affiliates.

January 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH 13

Dicamba usage on soybean crops EXPECTED TO DOUBLE IN 2018

BY SARA BERTSCH South Dakota Farm & Ranch PHOTOGRAPHY FOR SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH

T

he amount of dicambatolerant soybeans in South Dakota is on the rise — and so are the trainings for the “touchy” herbicide.

According to Tom Gere, assistant director of the Division of Agriculture Services for the South Dakota Department of Agriculture (SDDA), the amount of soybeans tolerant for the dicamba products was roughly 25 percent of South Dakota’s more than 5 million acres of soybeans in 2017.

And for 2018, Gere said officials are estimating the number to rise to 50 percent.

“There’s definitely a need for these products in controlling weeds,” Gere said. “We have a lot of weeds in South Dakota. It’s a great tool from that aspect. It gives a farmer another option in weed control. Some areas are a little bit tougher to control than others.”

14 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH January 2018

You really got to read and follow the directions and read and follow the label to a ‘T’ to get it applied properly.

TOM GERE, assistant director of the Division of Agriculture Services for the South Dakota Department of Agriculture

Dicamba is a herbicide that selectively kills weeds, and is often used in conjunction with other herbicides. Recently the SDDA has registered three dicamba products for the 2018 growing season. Engenia, XtendiMax with VaporGrip technology and FeXapan herbicide have been approved, and the labels will expire Dec. 20.

The SDDA will use the federal EPA stamped label for use within the state, and per the label the dicamba products are now restricted use products. This means, Gere said, the applicator must be certified to both purchase and apply the products. To do so, all persons who apply the products must also complete mandatory dicamba-specific training.

“They’re pretty touchy products, which would be a good way to put it in regards to the application of them,” Gere said. “You really got to read and Continued to page 16

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Continued from page 14

follow the directions and read and follow the label to a ‘T’ to get it applied properly.”

Gere said there are planned trainings set up for later this year, and any interested growers need to preregister for the event. The reason for the training, Gere said, is because dicamba’s active ingredient has a tendency to move after application depending on environmental conditions. There’s a gamut of reasons for this issue, Gere said, which can range from improper mixture to improper application.

But that’s what the further restrictions will help combat. Some other restrictions include spraying the product between sunrise and sunset on a given day, as well as applying only in wind speeds Continued to page 17

Soybean blooms begin to show on a soybean crop. (Matt Gade / Republic)

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Continued from page 16

between 3 and 10 mph. Last year, the speed was between 3 and 15 mph.

“The way we handle the application in every field, every time it will impact the future of these products and agriculture in South Dakota,” Gere said. “It’s important that people take time to plan ahead and making sure being good neighbors and good stewards of this technology.”

Gere urges future farmers and applicators of the product to be aware of the cutoff date for usage. The cutoff date for applying the herbicide will vary between states and will be placed within the EPA label.

But on top of being aware of the regulations, Gere said farmers are going to have to put in a lot more planning with their soybeans. This includes talking to neighbors and surrounding farmers of the product in place.

“These products, you’re not just going to get out of bed in the middle of June and say ‘Oh, I’m going to go spray some dicamba today,’ ” Gere said. “You’ve got to get properly certified to apply the products. You’ve got to pay attention to fields that are surrounding you too.”

And Secretary of Agriculture Mike Jaspers agrees.

“As a producer myself, I understand the time and energy that farmers put into their crop each season,” Jaspers said in a press release. “What is important to note for everyone is that these new label restrictions will require more planning, for both growers and applicators, this year prior to the planting season, as well as during the application season.” 

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January 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH 17

USDA report provides insight on how it defines a family farm

BY JONATHAN KNUTSON Forum News Service

“FAMILY FARM”

can be one of the most controversial terms and concepts in modern agriculture.

“America’s Diverse Family Farms: 2017,” a report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Economic Research Service, or ERS, won’t resolve the controversy. But the new report does offer insight and conclusions.

Perhaps its most notable conclusion: “Farming is still

Among key findings of the report, written in part by ERS economist Robert Hoppe: • Small farms make up 90 percent of the farm count and operate half of the farmland.

• Small farms are much more likely to have an operating profit margin of less than 10 percent, an indicator of high financial risk. Many small farms receive off-farm income that helps to support their farm and pay living expenses, however.

• Conservation Reserve Programs payments generally go to retired farmers and farmers with low-sales farms and off-farm jobs.

overwhelming comprised of family businesses. Ninety-nine

Some of the conclusions won’t surprise anyone familiar

percent of U.S. farms are family farms, and they account for

with Upper Midwest agriculture. For example, the report

90 percent of farm production.”

finds that “generational lifecycles, particularly the presence

A few definitions are in order:

or absence of younger related operators on family farms,”

The report says a family farm is one where the majority of

may affect whether farms expand or contract, as well as

the business is owned by the principal operator — the person most responsible for running the farm — and individuals related to the operator.

The report also says a farm is any place that produced and sold, or normally have, at least $1,000 in ag products during a given year. (That’s the standard USDA designation of a farm.)

succession.

Nor will anyone familiar with ag be surprised that the report finds that a relatively large share of principal farm operators are 65 or older. Thirty-six percent of principal farm operators were at least 65 in 2016, compared with 14 percent of selfemployed workers in non-ag businesses.

The mission of ERS is “to anticipate trends and emerging

“Small” family farms are defined as one with gross cash

issues in agriculture, food, the environment, and rural

farm income, or GCFI, of less than $350,000. “Midsize”

America and to conduct high-quality, objective economic

family farms are ones with GCFI of $350,000 to to $999,000.

research and enhance public and private decision making,”

“Large-scale” family farms have GCFI of at least $1 million.

the organization says. 

To read the report, go to: www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=814.

18 SOUTH DAKOTA FARM & RANCH January 2018

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