Oh baby 2018 by Rosebud Media

Baby!

YOUR PREGNANCY

A Rosebud Multimedia publication

The Everything Planner

2018

From Baby Bump to Babyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s First Birthday

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Oh YOUR PREGNANCY

Baby!

YOUR PREGNANCY

Getting ready for pregnancy................... 4 Cover photo by Rebel Louise Photography rebellouisephoto.com

Staff

EDITOR: Cheryl Rose WRITERS Robin Good Cheryl Rose Haley Strahan CONTRIBUTORS JoAnn Lewis, LMT, Family Massage Education Center Emily Rydbom, CN, BCHN, CNP, GrowBaby VICE PRESIDENT OF SALES Gail Whiting

Your pregnancy month by month ............5 Pregnancy milestones ............................. 6 Finding an obstetrician ............................8 When to call the midwife ........................ 9 Specialized care for high-risk pregnancies........................................10 The anatomy of prenatal visits .............. 11 Pregnancy visits .....................................12 Ultrasound in prenatal care ...................21 Pregnancy complications.......................22 HEALTHY MOM Eating for the health of your family...... 24 Exercising during pregnancy ................ 26 Yoga for pregnancy ................................27 Skin changes during pregnancy ........... 28 Dressing for two .................................... 29 GETTING READY FOR BABY Baby-proofing your home ..................... 30

SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS & EVENTS MANAGER Athena Fliegel

What’s hot in nursery design.................32

DESIGN & PRODUCTION: Paul Bunch Brian Fitz-Gerald John Sullivan Jaren Hobson

Name games ..........................................35

For more information or to get a copy of Oh Baby! contact Athena Fliegel at 541.776.4385 or email afliegel@rosebudmedia.com

Creating a beautiful nursery on a budget ....................................... 34 Top 25 Names of 2018 ...........................36 Notes on names .....................................37 Budgeting for baby: Now and in the future .......................................39 Choosing a pediatrician ........................ 40 Pediatrician interviews ......................... 42 Choosing the right child care ............... 44 Preparing children for pregnancy and a new baby ..................................45 Essentials of baby shower etiquette .... 46 Your baby gift registry........................... 49

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2018

BIRTH PLANS Planning baby’s birth ............................ 50 The plan ................................................. 51 The deal with doulas ............................. 52 Stages of labor ...................................... 53 How will I know when I’m in labor? ............................................ 54 Hospital bag checklist........................... 57 Hurry up and wait: Labor lulls .............. 58 Labor memories .................................... 59 Your baby’s birth story ..........................60 Hand and footprints .............................. 62 HEALTHY BABY Breast-feeding and baby’s nutrition ............................................64 Safe sleep for your baby ....................... 65 Meeting the family pets ........................66 Dressed for success .............................. 68 Infant massage ...................................... 70 Getting your body back ..........................71 Freshest food: Making your own baby food .................................. 72 Your baby’s vision .................................. 74 Baby’s early education .......................... 75 Taking care of baby teeth...................... 76 Baby’s tooth chart ................................. 77 Read aloud every day ............................ 79 Tracking developmental milestones.........................................80 Baby’s milestones ................................. 83 Checkup worksheets.............................84 Vaccination tracker ...............................90 Photo-journaling and professional photography ................ 92 Baby’s first birthday ..............................94 What do my parents think today?................................................ 95

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Your Pregnacy Getting ready for Get to know your ovulation cycle Timing sex during ovulation is a wonderful way to speed up your chances of getting pregnant. If you have a regular 28-day menstrual cycle, ovulation is most likely to occur midcycle around Day 14. Clear indications of ovulation are: • Your cervical mucus becomes clear and slippery toward your ovulation date. • There is a slight rise in body temperature after you have ovulated.

Signs of pregnancy

What

Pregnancy

most couples don’t realize when considering a baby is that it involves a lot of thought and planning. It’s not enough to be mentally ready – you must be physically fit and healthy. This gives you a head start to a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. Conception is not as easy as it seems. While a few get lucky and conceive quickly, for others it can take longer than anticipated— sometimes years. By making a few healthy choices and lifestyle compromises, you can increase your odds of getting pregnant. You can make a direct impact on your ability to conceive by eating the right foods, losing weight and cutting down on caffeine and alcohol. If getting pregnant is high on your priority list, here is what you can do to increase your chances: Eat healthy. There is nothing like a well-balanced diet to trigger your baby-making process. Make sure to get ample doses of protein, zinc, iron and vitamin C to enhance your chances of conception.

One of the early positive signs of pregnancy is missing your period. This may differ from person to person. Here are more symptoms that could confirm your pregnancy:

Say “no” to smoking. Smoking affects fertility and damages the ovaries. If you are considering pregnancy, there is no better time to kick the habit!

• Food aversions

Avoid stress. High stress levels can wreak havoc on your hormonal system, thereby affecting ovulation and conception.

• Frequent urination • Mood swings • Fatigue • High basal body temperature • Tender, swollen breasts • Darkened areola • Food cravings • Morning sickness • Positive home pregnancy test

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Fitness matters. Exercise regularly. Walk, swim, cycle or hike. Anything that gets you up and moving will do the trick. Being underweight or overweight can make conception harder and affect your baby’s health. Keep away from alcohol. An occasional drink may not majorly impact fertility, but research has shown that alcohol impairs fertility and harms the developing fetus. Frequent intercourse. Have frequent sex to increase your chances of conception. Most fertility experts feel that infrequent sex at the best time of the cycle is one of the most common causes of infertility.

Month by Month

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Your pregnancy

The

progress of pregnancy is measured in trimesters – three months each of a nine-month period. During each of these trimesters, significant developments occur. FIRST TRIMESTER The baby grows quickly in this period. From being a tiny embryo, the fetus grows to the size of a kidney bean. It is continuously moving, with its heart beating quickly and intestines forming. The earlobes, eyelids, mouth and nose are also taking shape.

more than 15 inches long. She can open and close her eyes and follow a light. 8 MONTHS Your baby now weighs about 4 3/4 pounds. His layers of fat are filling him out, making him rounder. His lungs are well-developed. 9 MONTHS The average baby is more than 19 inches long and weighs nearly 7 pounds now, but babies vary widely in size at this stage.

1 MONTH Your baby is an embryo consisting of two layers of cells from which all her organs and body parts will develop. 2 MONTHS Your baby is now about the size of a kidney bean and is constantly moving. He has distinct, slightly webbed fingers. 3 MONTHS By now, your baby is about 3 inches long and weighs nearly an ounce. She already has tiny, unique fingerprints. SECOND TRIMESTER In the beginning of the second trimester, your baby is about 4 1/2 inches long and weighs about 45 grams from head to toe. As the weeks go by, the skeleton forms and the baby develops the ability to hear. You’re likely to feel the “butterfly kicks” as a fluttering sensation that begins between weeks 18-22. 4 MONTHS Your baby is now about 5 inches long and weighs 5 ounces. His skeleton is starting to harden from rubbery cartilage to bone. 5 MONTHS Your baby now has eyebrows and eyelids. If she could stretch her legs out, your baby would now be more than 10 inches long. 6 MONTHS Your baby weighs about 1 ½ pounds. His wrinkled skin is starting to smooth out as he puts on baby fat. THIRD TRIMESTER In this final trimester, your baby gains more weight. She can blink her eyes. Wrinkled skin starts to smooth. He also begins to grow fingernails, toenails and hair. 7 MONTHS By now, your baby weighs about 3 pounds and is

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Milestones

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Pregnancy

Record these important milestones, along with your emotions at the time. They’ll make terrific entries in your little one’s baby book!

First time I heard my baby’s heartbeat: First time it really sank in that I was going to be a mom: First time a stranger asked me if I was pregnant: First time I experienced morning sickness: First time I bought a new baby outfit: First time I wore a maternity dress: First time I couldn’t button my pants: First time my parents found out I was having a baby: First time I saw my baby on an ultrasound: First time I could no longer see my feet: First time I felt my baby hiccup: First time I felt the baby kick: 6 | Oh BABY!

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Obstetrician

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Finding an

you like to try to have a vaginal birth this time? You’ll want to make sure that both the provider and the hospital are supportive of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). The doctor’s outlook: Find out the doctor’s attitude about issues that may be important to you, such as the routine use of interventions like IVs, continuous electronic fetal monitoring, and episiotomy. You can’t predict what your individual situation will require, but you can get an idea of the general approach your doctor has to your care. You may also discuss the doctor’s opinion about having a doula or other support person/people present at the birth besides (or in addition to) your partner. Is the doctor supportive of natural childbirth, if that is what you’re interested in? Is breast-feeding encouraged?

you suspect you may be pregnant or if you have a positive result on a home pregnancy test, make an appointment with your doctor to ensure that you will have a healthy experience. Finding an obstetrician who makes you feel comfortable is very important. Your ability to relax and ask questions during visits is vital to maintaining a positive relationship and pregnancy. How can I find an obstetrician to care for me during my pregnancy? If you’re seeing a gynecologist you like who practices obstetrics as well, you may want to ask him or her to care for you during your pregnancy, particularly if you like the hospital where the doctor attends births. If you need to find an obstetrician, ask one of your health care providers to recommend someone and talk to your friends or relatives who have recently had a baby or who work in health care in your area. Childbirth educators are also a useful source for referrals. If you don’t come up with any recommendations on your own, try the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists website (www.acog.org) to find a board-certified OB-GYN in your ZIP code. What criteria should I use to choose my obstetrician? Only you can decide which are the most important considerations for you; it’s a very personal decision. Keep in mind that you may be able to narrow your list of choices with a simple phone call. There’s no need to meet with a doctor who isn’t in your network of providers if that’s a requirement for your insurance coverage. Here are some other things to consider: Your health history: Do you have any chronic illnesses, such as high blood pressure, epilepsy, heart disease or diabetes? Do you have other complications that may require special care? If so, ask the doctors you’re considering what experience they have caring for patients with your circumstances. You may need supervision by a perinatologist (a doctor who specializes in high-risk births). If you had a cesarean section before, would

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AskYourself • How comfortable do you feel with your doctor? • Do you find it easy to ask your doctor questions? • Does the doctor explain things clearly and completely? • Does the doctor seem like someone who will respect your wishes? Before you move on to someone else, you might want to talk to the doctor about your concerns. If they can’t resolve the problem or your worries aren’t addressed, don’t hesitate to change obstetricians or consider whether a midwife might be a better fit for you.

Questions for your doctor • How many doctors are in the practice – will I have a primary and what are the chances that doctor will deliver my baby? • What is the hospital affiliation? • What is the cesarean section rate? • Does the doctor or the group practice perform episiotomies as a matter of course? • What is the doctor’s attitude about patients having a birth plan with personal preferences? • How does the doctor feel about pain medication during birth? • If I happen to be a high-risk pregnancy – what is the doctor’s experience? • How many babies do you deliver each year?

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When to call the

Many

women looking for a warm, woman-centered approach to care find what theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re looking for in a midwife. A midwife is a practitioner skilled in assisting with normal, natural childbirth. There are two types of midwives who work in Oregon: Certified nurse midwives are trained nurse practitioners, accredited by a national midwifery organization and licensed by the state. They usually practice in a health center setting, and their patients deliver in hospitals. Direct-entry midwives may train professionally, through apprenticeship or self-study, and may or may not be licensed in Oregon. They practice either from home or in a clinical setting. Their patients deliver outside of hospitals, often at home. Because their experience and education vary so widely, the Oregon Midwifery Council encourages pregnant women to ask prospective midwives about qualifications before choosing. Both types of midwives share the goal of providing individualized care and hands-on assistance during labor and delivery while minimizing technological interventions.

Midwife

What is important is that you have excellent care, the nurturing and support of a nurse midwife, yet also have the expertise of board-certified physicians should a birth become complicated. Questions to ask a midwife: Training: Where did you train? What did you learn in that training? Did you train with one or more midwives? What do you do to stay current with your professional standards? Experience: How many years have you been in practice? How many births have you attended as the primary caregiver? What settings have you attended? Are you trained for home births? What kinds of challenging situations have you encountered? Scope of care: What does your care include? How do you organize prenatal visits? What type of labor support and monitoring do you offer? Do you provide care after the birth? Philosophy: What are your beliefs about pregnancy and the birth process? What do you prioritize in care? Backup plans: What happens if we need transport to the hospital? What circumstances would require transport?

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High-Risk Pregnancies

Specialized care for

Typical services of maternal fetal medicine clinics: • Genetic counseling • Preconception counseling • First trimester screening • Second trimester screening • Evaluation of fetal anomalies and growth disorders • Noninvasive prenatal testing

Some

moms and babies need more supervision than others due to additional health challenges. Maternal fetal medicine specialists have advanced expertise in obstetric complications of pregnancy and their effects on the mother and baby. Maternal fetal medicine specialists are OB-GYN physicians who have taken additional training to care for women with issues deemed to be high-risk to the mother or baby. They are certified by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG). Physicians may deem a pregnancy high-risk if the mother has an existing chronic health condition, a family history of a chronic condition or develops a pregnancy-related issue. Some examples include: • Blood-clotting disorders • Cystic fibrosis • Heart disease • High blood pressure • Infectious diseases

• Kidney disease • Seizure disorder • Preeclampsia (toxemia) • Gestational diabetes

Other factors that can make a pregnancy high-risk include advanced maternal age, multiple fetuses or a history of pregnancy loss. Sometimes, the physicians may determine the baby is at risk if they detect an abnormality, such as a heart defect. Some women with high-risk pregnancy symptoms may only need a single consultation with a maternal fetal medicine specialist before or during pregnancy to provide guidance to the obstetrician. Other women may require ongoing, specialized care throughout the pregnancy to help co-manage and monitor the health of mother and baby.

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Prenatal Visits

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The anatomy of

During

your pregnancy, there will be a series of checkups for you and baby. If possible, include your partner in your prenatal visits. First appointment. During the first meeting, the doctor will be able to give you the expected delivery date for the baby. This estimation of the date is also important for careful evaluation of the monthly growth of the fetus. For women with irregular menstrual cycles, doctors usually recommend ultrsound scans to get a clearer picture of your delivery due date. Nurses will collect routine infor-

mation from mothers-to-be, including height, weight and blood pressure. In some cases, the physician may recommend a Pap test to screen for cervical cancer. Blood tests screen for certain diseases such as: • Mumps • HIV • Measles • Kidney disorders Apart from these tests, the doctor will ask you about your lifestyle and eating habits. The doctor may ask you to make the appropriate changes to accommo-

date your pregnancy, such as taking multivitamins with iron and folate. What to expect at future visits. After your first prenatal visit, you may need to see your doctor approximately every four weeks until the 28th week of pregnancy. Later in the pregnancy, you will need to see each other more often. In addition to these checkups, you may also want to take advantage of other screening methods to ensure normal development of the baby. It’s important to discuss these options with your doctor and seek his or her advice and expertise.

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Visits

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Pregnancy

Date: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The week of my pregnancy: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weight: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weight gained since the start of my pregnancy: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Blood pressure: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Fundal height: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Baby’s heart rate: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Other tests:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Prescribed medications:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What I can expect before my next prenatal visit: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Instructions from my doctor: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How much weight should I gain: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Notes: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Visits

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Ultrasound in

For

Prenatal Care

many moms-to-be, a first ultrasound is a lifechanging experience. A fetal ultrasound is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images (sonogram) of the baby in the uterus. An ultrasound can help your doctor evaluate your baby’s growth and development, as well as gauge the progress of your pregnancy.

recommend additional ultrasounds.

Your doctor will typically send you for your first ultrasound between pregnancy weeks 18 and 20, but you may have one before 12 weeks to confirm your due date. If your doctor considers you to have a high-risk pregnancy, you may have an earlier ultrasound — or more than one. A first trimester ultrasound exam evaluates the presence, size and location of your pregnancy. It also helps your doctor to evaluate any problems, screen for abnormalities or confirm a diagnosis. If your doctor thinks the baby’s health needs close monitoring, he or she may

At around 20 weeks, you will get a mid-pregnancy ultrasound for an anatomy scan. Your doctor will listen to the baby’s heartbeat, check for physical abnormalities, check the organs, determine if there’s more than one baby (twins!), measure the amount of amniotic fluid, check the location of the placenta, and measure your baby to be sure he or she is the right size for his or her gestational age. And yes – determine the sex of your baby. This is the exam where you can catch a glimpse of your baby and go home with a picture or two!

All fetuses are approximately the same size in the early weeks of pregnancy, so a sonogram allows your doctor to approximate your due date. If you have your sonogram between 7 and 13 weeks, your doctor can set your due date within a range of about three days.

What happens during an ultrasound? After you lay down on the exam table, the technician or doctor applies a small amount of gel to the skin of your abdomen. Then he or she will place a device called a transducer on your belly, which sends high-frequency sound waves into your body that reflect off the internal structures. The transducer receives the echoes and turns them into a picture on the screen. When properly done, an abdominal ultrasound poses no risk to you or your baby.

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Complications Complications

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Pregnancy Pregnancy

For

many expectant parents, pregnancy can be fraught with physical and emotional changes. Women should be vigilant about their health. Pregnancy complications are not uncommon. While most problems may be relatively mild and treatable, some warning signs may indicate a significant health risk to the child, mother or both. Premature labor. One of the most common problems of pregnancy is premature labor and delivery. Babies born prematurely run a high risk of having respiratory problems and underdeveloped lungs. Hypertension. Elevated blood pressure is a common complication that occurs in 3 percent of pregnancies. It can cause some adverse effects on the placenta as well as the fetus. Severe elevation of blood pressure can cause pain in the abdomen, fluid retention, vision changes and headaches. Miscarriage. Bleeding during the first trimester can be a sign of possible miscarriage. According to statistics, about 20 percent of pregnancies end in miscarriage. Most occur before a woman knows that she is pregnant. Clots, bleeding and cramping are among the most common signs of miscarriage. Ectopic pregnancy. In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg may not reach its correct position in the uterus. Instead, the embryo grows on the fallopian tube. Since it grows in an abnormal location, the embryo causes tears in the blood vessels and delicate structures. Symptoms may include lower back pains, nausea, lower abdominal pain and cramping. This can require surgery to remove the nonviable embryo.

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Warning signs Maintaining a regular schedule of prenatal visits is key, but it’s also important to be aware of the possible danger signs to look for during pregnancy. Seek advice from your doctor if you experience the following symptoms: • Vaginal bleeding • Sudden weight gain • Fever • Chills • Seeing spots • Persistent headache • Burning sensation when urinating • Vomiting • Blurred and/or double vision • Lower abdominal pain • Thigh pains • No baby movements for 12 hours • Premature cramping • Persistent lower backaches • Nausea

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Healthy Mom

of Your Family

Eating for the health

You’ve

never had a better reason to eat healthy. A developing baby depends solely on the transfer of nutrients from the mother. These nutritional building blocks help maximize baby’s brain development, organ growth and immune system. The quality and quantity of what you ingest – foods, pollutants, drugs – are factors that shape your baby’s fetal development and your life. You may even affect the lives of your grandchildren and great-grandchildren. That’s right, not only can you grow a healthy child, but you can also optimize the health of your family for three generations. Balance in your lifestyle choices can bring vital health to your pregnancy. Nutrition in the first trimester. By week six of your pregnancy, your baby has a beating heart. By the 10th week, you will have created all the organs your child will have for the rest of his or her life. During the first 13 weeks of pregnancy, many moms feel nauseous, fatigued and moody. Don’t worry – all these symptoms are perfectly normal, and you will not have to eat more now than if you weren’t pregnant. Many women find it hard to eat in the first trimester. Focus on small and frequent snacks/meals that are protein rich (nuts and seeds, legumes, dairy and lean animal meats). Always pair your protein pick with a carbohydrate. It is easy to mistake nausea with hunger and thirst. Try adding lemon, lime, mint or ginger to your water or hot tea. These are natural ways to manage nausea. Adding magnesium-rich foods can help as well, such as pumpkin seeds, spinach, Swiss chard and chocolate.

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Nosh rainbow colors through the second trimester. Now your baby is making new bone. Bone-building nutrients are a focus in the second trimester. Most of us know the role that calcium plays in strong bones, but did you also know that bones rely on vitamins A, D and K, as well as the minerals boron, molybdenum, manganese and magnesium? Focus on consuming colorful fruits and vegetables daily to capture all these vitamins and minerals. The goal is at least one food from each color daily: blue/purple, red, orange, yellow, white/tan and green. The easiest way to achieve this goal is to make a daily smoothie loaded with fruits and veggies. Spinach is the mildest green vegetable to hide in a smoothie. Try a couple big handfuls – you’ll never know it is there! Growing a curious eater in the third trimester. Did you know that your baby’s brain grows by 260 percent in the third trimester alone? Focus on eating brain building nutrients in weeks 2840 to help maximize cerebral development: protein, omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, iron, vitamins A and D, and B vitamins. All your healthy eating is starting to pay off. Even if you can’t see your baby eating, he or she is swallowing amniotic fluid daily and with it comes all the flavors of the foods you have been eating. Recent studies show that you can influence the palate of your child starting in utero. By choosing foods that have strong and complex flavors, such as herbs, spices, colorful fruits and vegetables, you can prime your baby to enjoy diverse flavors before food introduction. continued on page 25

HEALTHY MOM continued from page 24

TOP NUTRIENTS FOR PREGNANCY AND WHERE TO FIND THEM Protein — Promotes cell growth and blood production. Protein is a long-lasting fuel source for your body as your energy requirements are in high demand. Found in lean meat, fish, poultry, egg whites, legumes, nuts and seeds, tofu and tempeh.

Calcium — Contributes to strong bones and teeth, muscle contraction and nerve function. Take calcium separately from iron, as they bind in the body. Found in dark green leafy vegetables, rosemary, yogurt, kefir, milk, salmon and sardines.

Carbohydrates — Your body’s No. 1 fuel source. Found in whole grains, non-starchy and starchy vegetables, fruits, legumes and dairy/dairy alternatives.

Iron — Crucial for red blood cell production, brain health and myelin sheath (fatty coating on all neurons) formation, and energy production. Found in lean red meat, spinach, pumpkin seeds, kidney beans, tofu, Swiss chard and edamame.

Fat — Promotes healthy hair, skin, eye, nail and membrane development. Fat is a key part of your body’s energy stores. Found in olive oil, olives, avocado, coconut oil, sunflower oil, dark chocolate, nuts and seeds, seafood and meat. Vitamin A — An antioxidant and fat-soluble vitamin that helps create skin, eye, brain and bone health and fights off viral infections. Found in carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, kale, bell peppers, parsley, Swiss chard and collard greens. Vitamin C — An antioxidant and water-soluble vitamin that works in harmony with iron in your body. Vitamin C is also a co-factor in the production of L-carnitine. Vitamin C helps with muscle cramps, and constipation. It’s also key in collagen production; daily vitamin C helps your stretching skin and decreases the risk of perineum tears at delivery. Found in red bell peppers, kiwi, strawberries, parsley, broccoli and citrus. Vitamin D — Promotes a strong immune system, regulates insulin and blood sugar, lowers the risk of high blood pressure during pregnancy, reduces the risk of asthma and wheezing in your baby, increases the birth weight for your baby, and decreases the risk of postpartum depression. Found in sunshine. Twenty minutes of a pinking dose of sunshine daily yields 20,000 IUs of vitamin D. Food sources include egg yolks, sardines, cod, shrimp and dairy products.

Zinc — A mineral that helps balance blood sugar, it is also an immune system regulator. Zinc supports optimal sense of taste and smell and is crucial in wound healing. Zinc also helps you make prolactin, the hormone that helps you produce breast milk. Found in cremini mushrooms, spinach, beef, lamb, summer squash and calf’s liver. Probiotics — Friendly bacteria that colonize in your gut to help boost your immune system health. Eighty percent of your immune system comes from your gut lining. Probiotics help protect you and your child from infection, improve digestion and absorption of nutrients, and decrease the risk of allergies in your child. Found in kefir, yogurt, kimchi (fermented vegetables), sauerkraut, tempeh and natto (fermented soy beans) and miso (soy paste).

B Vitamins (B6, B12 and Folate) — These water-soluble vitamins play their biggest role in cerebral development and decreasing the risk of neural tube defects. The neural tube opens and closes in the first four weeks of pregnancy. Taking B vitamins before conception is the best way to optimize cerebral health. B vitamins help boost energy and red blood cells, regulate the nervous system, mood and sleep. Found in nutritional yeast, bananas, pork, green leafy vegetables, legumes, yellow fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and nuts and seeds. L-carnitine — An amino acid that plays a crucial role in decreasing the risk of gestational diabetes. It is a big energy giver as well. Focus on this nutrient especially in the second and third trimesters. Found in red meat and pork, avocado, artichokes, asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, garlic and parsley.

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HEALTHY MOM

Keep You Healthy

Exercising during pregnancy helps

Exercising

during pregnancy is beneficial for both the mother and the child. It eases physical discomfort and reduces stress. Here’s a list of frequently asked questions about exercise during pregnancy: Is it safe to do workouts during pregnancy? Working out during pregnancy is not only safe, but healthy if you do not have any complications during the pregnancy period. Consult your doctor or midwife for specific guidelines and get their approval. Why is exercise necessary during pregnancy? Research tells us that mild exercise during pregnancy helps in reducing backaches, swelling of ankles and constipation, some of the most common problems faced by pregnant women. In addition, exercise gives you energy and serves as an outlet for stress. Does exercise help during pregnancy? Exercising during pregnancy promotes muscles, strength and endurance, helping you carry the additional weight gained during pregnancy. I normally do a rigorous workout. Is that safe during pregnancy? According to a study in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, women who are healthy and well-conditioned before pregnancy may continue exercise throughout their pregnancy without compromising their baby’s health or development. However, this is a good topic to discuss with your doctor, giving the specifics of your fitness routine. How long should I exercise? Spend approximately 45 minutes on your routine, including a warmup, the workout and a cool-down. If I haven’t worked out before, what precautions do I need to take while exercising during pregnancy? Talk to your doctor or midwife for guidance on starting a fitness routine. If you have permission to proceed, you can engage in mild exercise, like walking or swimming.

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What exercises can I do to regain my shape after pregnancy? Make sure you are physically ready before you start with the process of regaining your shape. If your doctor gives you the green light and you feel fit to start with an exercise regimen, begin with stretching and firming exercises. Gradually add a second set of cardio and strength exercises. Follow normal exercise safety guidelines, such as drinking lots of water or stopping immediately if you feel any pain.

Pregnancy

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Yoga for

Massage During Pregnancy Pregnancy is a special time for women. While a womanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s body changes and the baby grows, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to release stress or tension. Pregnancy massage can relieve discomfort, improve circulation and increase the general health of the mother and the baby. Several studies show a decrease in postpartum depression in mothers who receive pregnancy massage. Seek out a massage therapist with training in pregnancy massage and the use of supports and pillows. Ask your doctor of a recommendation.

Chiropractic Prenatal Care Pregnancy produces new aches and pains that can result in severe strain and discomfort. The average weight gain during pregnancy is 25 to 35 pounds, which can place increased stress on the body. This extra weight can affect the low back, legs, buttocks and sciatic nerve. Studies show that about half of all pregnant women will develop low back pain during pregnancy. Advocates of chiropractic adjustments during pregnancy say it can provide relief from aches and pains naturally, without the use of medications, while also ensuring your body is in the proper position to deliver your baby as naturally as possible.

Training your body to stay calm

Prenatal

yoga provides both mental and physical benefits during pregnancy. Practicing yoga teaches you how to use breathing to calm your body and mind, factors that will come in handy during childbirth. Learning how to master the postures taught in prenatal yoga will prime your body for labor and childbirth. Also, prenatal yoga classes can give you an emotional boost by spending time in a positive and nurturing environment with other pregnant moms. If you are wondering how you will possibly exercise while pregnant, consider trying yoga designed for pregnant women. This natural exercise program is known for relieving tension, increasing flexibility and a sense of health and well-being. There are numerous yoga poses that are specific to pregnancy. Here is a guide of basic yoga exercises and stretches to try during pregnancy: Cobbler or tailor pose: These poses open the pelvis. To do this pose, you sit up straight against a wall with the soles of your feet touching one another. Gently press your knees down and away from one another. Then try to stay in this pose for as long as

you are comfortable. Pelvic tilt: A good prenatal yoga position to relieve back pain. To do this, get down on your hands and knees with your arms shoulder-width apart and your knees hipwidth apart. Make sure to keep your arms straight; then tighten in your abdominal muscles and tuck your buttocks under and around your back, breathing in at the same time. Then relax your back and breathe out, repeating at your own pace. Squatting position: This beneficial posture helps to open the pelvis and to strengthen the upper legs. As you start to fill out during pregnancy, there are certain support props that you may use to support your body in this position, such as yoga blocks or a pile of books. Start by standing facing the back of a chair with your feet spread slightly apart, your toes pointed outward. Bring your tailbone toward the floor as though you were going to sit down on a chair, but rather than sitting, hold the position there. Take a deep breath in and as you exhale, push your legs up and rise to a standing position. Repeat as you feel comfortable.

Oh BABY! | 27

Skin Changes during pregnancy YOUR PREGNANCY

Your

skin is the largest organ of your body. During pregnancy, your skin will stretch, change and amaze you. While some women have that special pregnancy glow, for others the increased hormonal activity can result in the opposite effect: acne, bumps, rashes, dryness and discolorations are all signs of hormonal surges. Acne Acne can be particularly focused around your mouth and chin, though you might also have breakouts at your hairline, neck, chest, breasts and even your bum. Progesterone can cause your glands to increase oil secretion, clogging your pores, which causes bacteria to build up, resulting in acne. Make sure you use gentle cleansers both morning and night. Your skin may be sensitive, so don’t be overly aggressive in your cleansing routine. Look for products that are oil-free and noncomedogenic. It’s important to speak to your doctor before taking any acne or skin remedies, either by mouth or topically. Color changes Be sun-smart by using sunscreen, wearing a hat and limiting your time in the sun. When you’re pregnant, your brain makes more of a hormone called MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone), which makes your skin darker. The combination of ultraviolet light and MSH can flare melasma, the mask of pregnancy. Fill up on folic acid and mind your diet. Your dermatologist may offer a variety of products, treatments and suggestions to minimize this mask so that your glow of pregnancy shines. You may also experience linea nigra, or “line of pregnancy.” This is a dark line that runs down the center of your belly. Moisturizing Keep a jar of thick, plain moisturizer in the shower, applying liberally to your entire body after every wash. Consider using a moisturizer with glycolic acid or alpha hydroxy acids to protect your skin against stretch marks. Itchiness Some women develop a skin reaction called PUPPP (pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy) in their third trimester. PUPPP can cause hives. Treat with a warm bath, calamine lotion or moisturizer. If it blisters or becomes inflamed, see your doctor immediately. Heat rash is also common in pregnancy. Use cold compresses, take a warm shower and wear loose clothing (or no clothing at all) to soothe your rash. Post-birth fixes After your baby arrives, your dermatologist or aesthetician can suggest a variety of treatments to help with pregnancy souvenirs, such as stretch marks, broken blood vessels, extra hair and dark patches.

28 | Oh BABY!

Dressing for Two

Mastering the art of maternity fashion

Dressing well

during pregnancy can be challenging with a body that’s constantly changing. Stick to your usual style, with a few tweaks to make the most of your burgeoning belly. Here’s some tricks to get you through every stage of pregnancy while looking stylish and rocking that baby bump.

First trimester. For some lucky women, the first trimester doesn’t bring many changes to their bodies. But for others, it can be the most difficult trimester to dress. A thickening waistline and all-over water retention can leave you with the dreaded “is she or isn’t she?” silhouette. The goal of the first trimester is to minimize the swelling that many women experience, without spending a lot of money on new clothes that you’ll soon outgrow. Stick to loose pieces that are already in your closet, like shift dresses and flowy tops over jeans or leggings. If you find that your jeans are getting a little snug, you can try securing them with a rubber band to buy you a couple more weeks. Second trimester. In the second trimester, the bump begins making its appearance in earnest, and it’s time to invest in some maternity clothes. But before you do, consider what items you already have in your closet that can carry you through pregnancy. Tank tops and long T-shirts, full dresses and tops, cardigans and jackets may fit just fine through most of the next six months. Consider adding a thin belt over tops and dresses to create some definition between your bust and

belly. Some pieces worth investing in include pants and jeans with tummy panels and body-conscious dresses that are meant to accentuate rather than hide your curvy new shape. And make sure to visit the lingerie department for new bras. You will likely go through more than one size change during pregnancy. Third trimester. As you move later into the third trimester, you may find it hard to dress your body again. Shirts are getting tight across the belly, or else they look like tents. Even the maternity panels are no match against that rapidly growing bump. At this point, dresses are your friend. Specifically, dresses that are adjustable for the growth of the third trimester, such as wrap dresses or loose dresses belted over the belly. If its cold outside, tunics and leggings will get you through those last few weeks, perhaps topped with a cardigan or jacket from your pre-pregnant days. But don’t be afraid to show off your beautiful bump—you’ve worked hard for that! Body-conscious styles are still popular for even the most pregnant silhouettes, and perfect for a special occasion late in pregnancy.

Oh BABY! | 29

Getting Ready for Baby

Baby-Proofing

your home

Photos on both pages by Rebel Louise Photography

Your

child’s safety is an important responsibility. The tips below should help you to keep your baby safe and out of harm’s way.

your purse, briefcase or cellphone in the back seat to avoid accidentally leaving the child in the car – this will get you in the habit of looking in the back seat.

Well-baby visits and immune protection – If you can avoid it for the first two months, don't take your baby to large public places, such as malls and grocery stores. Keep your well-baby doctor appointments to check your baby’s developmental milestones.

Preventing falls – If you use an infant carrier, always place it on the floor – not on a counter or table – and make sure the baby is strapped in. Never leave the baby alone on a couch, changing table or bed.

Smoking and fire safety – Do not smoke or allow smoking around your baby. Install a working smoke alarm on every level of your home. Change the batteries on your smoke detector every six months. Have at least one fire extinguisher on every level of your home. If your home uses gas heat, install a carbon monoxide detector.

Preventing burns – Don’t hold hot liquids when holding your baby. Do not microwave the baby’s bottle – microwaves heat fluids unevenly, which could burn the baby’s mouth. Warm the bottle in a bowl of warm water. Shake the bottle and test the temperature.

Safety in the car – Always use a federally approved car seat. Read the instructions for installation. Car seats should face the rear of the vehicle for the for the first two years of the baby’s life. The safest location for the seat is the middle of the back seat. Never put the baby in the front seat or on your lap. Disengage the air bag if you are in a truck with no back seat. Leave

Preventing accidents – Keep sharp objects in secure places that are out of baby’s reach. Don’t shake or throw the baby in the air (blindness and brain damage can occur). Secure lamps that have cords to the baseboards (try using electrical tape along the baseboards). Keep cleaning supplies and drugs out of your child’s reach.

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continued from page 30

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Bath safety – Start bathing after the baby’s umbilical cord falls off. Use soap for sensitive skin. Always test the water to make sure it is not too hot before setting your baby in the water. Dipping your elbow in the water is an effective way to test. It’s a good idea to turn the hot water heater to 120 F to avoid scalds. Never leave the baby unattended or with a sibling – it only takes seconds for a baby to drown. Bathroom appliances (hair dryer, curling iron, radio) should be away from the water/tub. Make sure to unplug these appliances when not in use. Toy safety – Inspect toys regularly for breaks, sharp edges and small parts. Toys should be larger than your baby’s mouth. Toy chests need to be open (no lids) or with supports that keep it open in any position. Choking/strangulation – Keep cords away from the baby’s crib. Secure cords on blinds. Make sure clothing buttons are secure and tight. Don’t use baby items that have strings or cords. Put away small objects that can cause choking. Be prepared – Take a CPR class. Gather a list of emergency numbers and keep them by the phone or in your cellphone contacts, including your pediatrician, health care provider, family doctor, police department, fire department and poison control. Have a will and name a guardian for your child in the event something should happen to you.

Safe sleeping – The baby should have a separate sleeping space (crib, bassinet or cradle). A firm mattress with a tight-fitting sheet is best. No bumper pad, pillows or fluffy blankets in the crib. Crib should be away from cords/blinds/electric outlets. Place your baby on his or her back for the first four months – no pillows. A one-piece sleeper is a good choice for sleeping. Don’t share a bed with your baby.

Oh BABY! | 31

What's hot in

Nurseries

have come a long way from the pastel, cartoon character-themed designs of yesteryear. From luxe designer touches to quirky and personal details, today’s nurseries often blend seamlessly with the rest of the home, showcasing the style and aesthetic of the new parents. Feeling overwhelmed about where to start? We’ve rounded up the freshest trends in nursery design to help ignite your imagination and get you on track to planning the nursery of your dreams. Walls that wow – To give your nursery a custom designer flair, consider looking beyond basic wall paint. Swanky wallpaper, sturdy shiplap and vibrant murals all feature heavily in today’s trendiest nurseries. Scandinavian design – Neutral colors, soft textiles and natural wood all epitomize the popular “hygge” style, which refers to the to the Scandinavian ideal of coziness. To achieve this look, opt for clean lines and spare details, prioritizing comfort and function over fussy decoration. Quirky wall art – Gone are the days of standard cartoon character prints on baby’s walls. Today’s nurseries feature wall art that is as unique as the families whose homes they grace. Favorite song lyrics, dream-catchers, hand-embroidered samplers, vintage posters, abstract artwork—anything goes! White walls with pops of color – White walls are a dominant decorating trend for the whole home this year, and the nursery is no exception. Eschewing the traditional blue or pink, today’s parents often choose to begin with a blank canvas of neutral walls, then add in splashes of color through furniture, linens and décor.

32 | Oh BABY!

Nursery Design

Antique furniture – At one point, planning a nursery meant taking a trip to a baby supply store, where prospective parents would typically choose a suite of coordinating nursery furniture. Today’s style calls for a more organic, mix-and-match design, with moms and dads often choosing eclectic antique furniture to stand in for dedicated nursery pieces. Outdoor themes – The trendiest design themes of 2018 focus on bringing the outdoors inside. Woodland creatures, southwestern landscapes and tropical greenery are all popular and fun ways to brighten up baby’s room. Dramatic light fixtures – Babies spend a lot of time looking at the ceiling, so why not give them a good view? Sparkly chandeliers, groovy beaded shades and midcentury style Sputnik fixtures are trendy additions to stylish nurseries and add the perfect finishing touch. Bohemian chic – Bohemian décor has been in style for a few years, and it continues to be a hot look for nurseries. Think layered textures, furniture in mixed finishes and fun accents like leather ottoman poufs for a funky yet romantic feel. All grown up – Just because it’s a baby’s room doesn’t mean the nursery has to be juvenile. Many parents are opting to decorate the nursery in much the same style as the rest of the house, complete with rich colors and sophisticated touches. One benefit to shunning traditional nursery style is that you won’t have to redecorate when the baby grows older.

continued on page 33

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Practical considerations for the nursery

While it’s fun to plan the creative details of the nursery, your main priority should always be creating a space that’s safe and soothing for your little one and functional for your lifestyle.

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Some dos and don’ts • Finish all paint and wallpapering eight weeks before the baby’s due date, allowing time for the room to air from fumes. • Place the crib away from direct sunlight and street lighting. • No pillows and comforters in the crib because they could suffocate the child. • There’s going to be “stuff,” so make sure you have enough storage and closet space. • Have a comfortable chair or sofa in the room for you and your partner. You’ll be in that room a lot.

• If possible, avoid wall-to-wall carpeting. Not only can it harbor dust and allergens, it’s makes spills and accidents hard to clean. If you use a rug in the room, make sure it’s secure – you wouldn’t want to fall with the baby in your arms • Place the furniture away from windows and use window guards. Secure all blind cords away from baby’s reach. • Place heavy furniture against the wall and secure with furniture safety straps so it doesn’t fall over if bumped. • Make sure that most things you buy are washable. Enough said.

Oh BABY! | 33

Beautiful Nursery

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Although

Creating a

decorating websites and baby décor catalogs may tell a different story, a fabulous nursery doesn’t have to come with a fabulously high price tag. By spending your money wisely and taking on projects yourself, you can manage just about any look on a shoestring budget. Here’s some tips for decorating the nursery without breaking the bank. Skip the baby furniture. Rather than purchase costly new furniture, look at thrift stores or online ads for pieces that can be repurposed for the nursery. Don’t worry about buying a changing table. You can add a pad with safety straps onto a dresser for the same function without the price. And don’t overlook pieces with the wrong finish because a coat of paint can do wonders to freshen things up. However, be careful before considering a vintage crib. Safety regulations have changed over the years, and most experts recommend a modern crib with up-to-date specifications to keep baby safe. Buy a convertible crib. Many cribs today offer the option of converting into a toddler bed once baby has graduated from a full-sized crib. While these cribs may be a bit more expensive initially, they will last your child several years and are certain-

34 | Oh BABY!

on a budget

ly worth the investment. Just make sure to keep up with the instructions and conversion kit! Streamline the bedding. Though crib sets with several matching pieces can be attractive, babies don’t need crib skirts, pillows and bumpers. In fact, experts urge parents to lay their babies down in a sleep space that is free from any loose bedding or soft objects. With that in mind, its only necessary to have a firm mattress and crib sheet. Choose one in a fun print or color to add visual interest. Create an accent wall. If you’re dreaming of wallpaper or shiplap but can’t afford to cover the square footage of the room, consider making an accent wall. Usually situated behind the crib, an accent wall establishes the focal point of the room in a pleasing vignette. By using the premium material on just this portion of the walls, you can achieve the look of designer upgrades at a fraction of the price. Embrace the eclectic. The casual “found” look is all the rage in nursery décor, so use that to your advantage. Shop flea markets, thrift stores and online trading sites for unique bits of art and trinkets. To keep the look cohesive and not chaotic, establish a subject theme or color scheme and stay within that boundary.

Name games

Choosing

a name for your new bundle of joy can be one of the most fun (or frustrating) parts of pregnancy. While some parents pick baby names practically on their first date, others enter the delivery room without a final decision. Here’s a few things to consider as you search for that perfect name to last a lifetime.

Stick to your guns. Once you’ve picked a name you love, don’t let other peoples’ opinions sway you. Everyone has different taste, and you’re not going to please your sister, your grandma and the cashier at the grocery store. The thing about babies is that once they are here, they can make just about any name seem adorable and absolutely perfect.

Feel the flow. Always think about the baby’s surname when you consider possible first names. A short, common name like Smith might call for a more melodious, distinctive choice, whereas a long, clunky name is best paired with a simple moniker. Similarly, be aware of where the two names meet. For instance, Knox Simpson will commonly be misheard as “knock simpson” or “Knox Impson.” Family names. So, you want to honor grandpa with a namesake, but Gary isn’t your style? There are a couple of ways to get around this problem and honor a family member without sacrificing your taste. One option is the tried-and-true method of relegating the family name to the middle slot. The other is to choose a different permutation of the same name, such as Garret or Garrison. Some parents even choose to mimic the initials of a special person, choosing different names entirely but the same initial order. Consider the tease-factor. Before you commit to a name, be sure you’ve looked at all the angles. Is there an easy nickname that might embarrass a child? Do the initials spell something unpleasant? Do your diligence to avoid giving schoolyard bullies an easy target.

Oh BABY! | 35

Top 25 Names of 2018 GETTING READY FOR BABY

for boys and girls in the U.S.

1. Emma

6. Mia

11. Amelia

16. Avery

21. Victoria

2. Olivia

7. Charlotte

12. Evelyn

17. Ella

22. Riley

3. Ava

8. Abigail

13. Elizabeth 18. Scarlett

23. Aria

4. Sophia

9. Emily

14. Sofia

19. Grace

24. Lily

5. Isabella

10. Harper

15. Madison

20. Chloe

25. Aubrey

1. Noah

6. Benjamin

11. Alexander 16. Aiden

21. Samuel

2. Liam

7. Jacob

12. Oliver

17. Jackson

22. Henry

3. William

8. Michael

13. Daniel

18. Logan

23. Owen

4. Mason

9. Elijah

14. Lucas

19. David

24. Sebastian

5. James

10. Ethan

15. Matthew

20. Joseph

25. Gabriel

36 | Oh BABY!

Names

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Notes on

Choosing

a babyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s name is a momentous decision for new parents. Are there any ethnic or religious traditions you or your partner would like to honor? Do you prefer traditional names or one-of-akind names? Names that start with a certain letter? Use these pages to keep track of the names you and your partner like.

Names from your side of the family Name: __________________________________ Relation (grandparent, aunt, etc.): ______________ ________________________________________ Name: __________________________________ Relation (grandparent, aunt, etc.): ______________

continued on page 38

________________________________________ Name: __________________________________ Relation (grandparent, aunt, etc.): ______________ ________________________________________

Names from your partner's side of the family Name: __________________________________ Relation (grandparent, aunt, etc.): ______________ ________________________________________ Name: __________________________________ Relation (grandparent, aunt, etc.): ______________ ________________________________________ Name: __________________________________ Relation (grandparent, aunt, etc.): ______________ ________________________________________

Oh BABY! | 37

Names

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Notes on continued from page 37

Other names we like Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ Name: _________________________________ Meaning: _______________________________ _______________________________________ 38 | Oh BABY!

MAS SOPHIA ON MIA

M A I L L EMMA WI

LIAM

A I V OAH LI N

Budgeting for Baby GETTING READY FOR BABY

A new baby

now and in the future

brings big financial changes and budgeting challenges. What does a baby cost? How do I plan financially for the arrival of my baby? What expenses will I incur before and after my child arrives? What plans should I be making to secure the future of my child? While some expenses are obvious, when you’re budgeting for baby, you must plan for the unexpected.

Government estimates suggest that you’ll spend about $10,000 on child-related expenses in the first two years of life. It is important to break down the onetime expenses (décor, equipment, gear), the monthly expenses (medical, food, clothing, toys, child care), and those long-term expenses (life insurance, education savings). Plan for medical expenses. Did you know you’re already financially planning for your little one’s arrival? You are making financial arrangements with your doctor and the hospital as you progress through your pregnancy. It will be important for you to contact your insurer to see what additional medical expenses you could incur in case of complications. You’ll need to have your child on a health plan by the time he or she is 30 days old. Talk to the professionals to get the best coverage for your child and your family. Find child care. Child care expenses can easily be the largest monthly expense for your baby. Take time to research your options. Child care facilities offer many options: levels of care, hours, food, classes. Which facility or caretaker best fits your budget and lifestyle? Where do you feel your baby will feel safe and comfortable? Start planning for the future.Once your baby’s Social Security number is in your hand, check into special savings accounts for college. Encourage family and friends to make

contributions to this fund in lieu of toys for special occasions. Parents do just fine showering their children with toys and love, so make each special occasion is a time to prepare for the future and contribute to this very important fund. Prepare a will. A will is a fiscal responsibility you have to your new family member. If something should happen to you, it is important to decide who will step in as the legal guardian. Who will protect your child or children financially? Without a will, you have no say as to how your assets are distributed after your death. Use a professional, ask questions, and execute a will that covers every concern. Update the will if you should have life changes – more children, adoption, marriage or remarriage, change of executor, moving to another state with different laws. Plan for the unexpected with life insurance. You have big plans for your kids and want to see them realize their hopes and dreams. But what if you, your spouse, or both of you were suddenly out of the picture? From diapers to diplomas, would there be enough income to pay for day care, education and everything in between? Your children are your greatest responsibility, and life insurance can help them grow up in an environment where they’re physically and financially secure – even if something should happen to you.

Oh BABY! | 39

Pediatrician

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Choosing

Choosing a

a pediatrician for your child may be the single-most important decision you make. Next to parents, a pediatrician is one of the most important people in a child’s life, so choose wisely. You should start looking for a pediatrician in the seventh month of pregnancy. Start compiling a list of possible choices by asking family and friends if they have any recommendations. Check with your insurance company for eligible pediatricians and with your local hospitals to see if they have referral services. Ask your obstetrician or family doctor if they can recommend someone. Once you’ve narrowed your list of choices, now you need to do some investigative work. Before interviewing a pediatrician, check with the state medical board to see if any disciplinary action or professional peer reviews have been made against the pediatrician. Check out the books put out by the Director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group. These list doctors who have been disciplined by a state or federal government.

Once you have made your choice, there are no rules that say you must stick with that decision. If you ever become concerned with your child’s care, discuss the situation with the pediatrician. If the problem continues, find a new pediatrician.

Pediatricians know kids

To become a pediatrician, an individual attends four years of medical school and three more years of residency working solely in pediatrics. Some pediatricians become further specialized in fields such as neonatology or pediatric cardiology.

As you interview the candidates on your list, look for a pediatrician who is openminded and compassionate to your feelings and beliefs. Make sure your insurance provider covers the pediatrician’s practice. Verify if the doctor you are interviewing is the same doctor your child will see or if there are other doctors or nurse practitioners in the group. Most pediatricians will do these interviews for free, but some will charge for the time. If they charge, see if the fee can be applied to the first office visit. If a pediatrician won’t do an interview, be wary of them.

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continued on page 41

GETTING READY FOR BABY continued from page 24

When comparing options, use the following list of questions to help you weigh the pros and cons of each doctor or clinical practice. About the pediatrician and medical staff • What is your educational background? • How long have you been in practice? • Are you board certified? • How do you stay current on the latest medical developments? • Can you be reached with questions, either routine or emergency? • Do you have specific call-in times? • Do you have an email we can use? • What hospital do you use? • Who covers for you when are away? • Are there resident physicians, nurse practitioners, medical students or nurses on staff? • What kind of time will you spend at a typical visit? • When do you prescribe medication? • How do you handle a situation where we disagree with treatment?

About the office and waiting room • Is it clean and welcoming? • Are there separate waiting rooms for sick and healthy kids? • Is the staff courteous? • Do they listen to parents’ concerns? • What are the office hours? • Is there a lab on-site? • How easy is it to get through on the telephone? • Is the practice large or small? • Is there more than one office? • If there is more than one location, how much time does the doctor spend at each office?

Oh BABY! | 41

Interviews

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Pediatrician

Pediatrician's Name: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Office address: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Office hours: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Phone number: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ About the pediatrician: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Do you have weekend appointments? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ How are middle-of-the-night emergencies handled? _______________________________________________________________________________ Are same-day appointments available when my child is sick? _____________________________________________________________________ Is my health insurance accepted by your practice? _________________________________________________________________________________ If so, does the office bill my insurance company or do I have to pay upfront and be reimbursed? _____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Is there someone on staff that can help me with breast-feeding issues? _________________________________________________________ Which hospitals do you use? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Other questions: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

42 | Oh BABY!

Interviews

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Pediatrician

Oh BABY! | 43

YOUR PREGNANCY

Choosing the right

Nothing replaces

visiting the sites of prospective child care options and meeting the leaders and staff. Collect personal references and review websites, then schedule an appointment to visit your top choices. Here are a variety of questions you may want to answer by observation or by asking: How will this staff supervise my child? Are children watched at all times, even when napping? Are the teachers warm and welcoming? Do they pay each child individual attention? Are positive guidance techniques used? Are the staff-to-child ratios appropriate and do they follow guidelines set by the Department of Human Services (one caregiver per four infants/toddlers; one caregiver per six 2-year-olds; one caregiver per eight 3-year-olds; one caregiver per dozen 4-yearolds; and one caregiver per 15 school-age children). Is this a safe and healthy place for my child? Do the teachers and children wash their hands (before/after eating, using the bathroom, changing diapers, touching bodily fluids)? Are surfaces sanitized after each use? Are all children immunized? Are medicines labeled and kept out of childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s reach? Are the foods and beverages served to the children healthy and nutritious? Are cleaning supplies and other hazardous materials stored out of childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s reach? Is there a plan to follow if a child is injured, sick or lost? Are first-aid kits readily available? Is there a plan to respond to disasters? Have all staff had a thorough criminal and background check? Is the outdoor play area safe for children and is it inspected regularly for condition or hazards? Is the play area fenced in?

44 | Oh BABY!

Child Care

Are the caregivers correctly trained? Does the director have a degree and experience caring for children? Do the lead teachers have a Child Development Associate (CDA) credential, associate or bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree in addition to experience in caring for children? Is there always someone present who has current CPR and First Aid Training? Have the teachers been trained on child abuse prevention and how to report a suspected case? Have the teachers received bloodborne pathogens and disease prevention training? Is there ongoing education and training on the care of children? Will my child learn developmentally-appropriate skills? Are the toys age- and developmentally-appropriate? Are there a variety of toys? Is the room arranged in easily identifiable play centers? Are there daily/weekly lesson plans? Do the teachers read to the children often and are books readily available? Is the program set up to promote quality? Are there written personnel policies and procedures? Are the parents and staff asked to evaluate the program? Are teachers evaluated each year? Is the program accredited by a national organization? Does the program work with parents? Will I be welcome to visit the center any time my child is in their care? Is parental feedback sought and used in making improvements? Are there yearly conferences with parents? Are there any special parent events?

Preparing Children

GETTING READY FOR BABY

for pregnancy and a new baby

If your pregnancy

represents a new addition to siblings, the age of your children will play an important factor in determining their reaction to your new pregnancy. For example, a toddler might not understand the concept of pregnancy until they see and meet the new baby. Sharing the news with preschool-aged children may be confusing because they may not understand why they have to wait so many months to meet their new baby brother or sister. The news of your pregnancy may make your child feel nervous, threatened or unloved. It is important to talk to your children about how they will be a big brother or big sister, because the feelings that they are experiencing will be a normal reaction to your pregnancy. Theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll notice your changing shape and overhear conversations about pregnancy. It is important to make time for your child and to offer reassurance that you will provide enough love to spread around to all your children. Remember to wait until you are in your second trimester before sharing your news with your children in the event of a miscarriage. Try to set a couple of nights aside right before the baby is born to spend some time alone with your child or children. Explain to them that while the new baby will take up a lot of your time, you still love them very much and will make special time for just the two of you.

Oh BABY! | 45

Baby Shower

Essentials of

etiquette

Photography by Rebel Louise Photography Who will host the party? According to tradition, anyone but the mom-to-be and her immediate family can host a shower. There may be multiple showers hosted by different people, such as co-workers, friends and relatives. Appropriate time for a baby shower. Hosts/hostesses usually plan baby showers before the baby is born, when the mom is really showing and stocking the nursery. Others wait until after the birth, giving the mom the perfect opportunity to show off her little one to several people at once. This type of shower is often called a “sip and see,” combining a peak at the baby with a serving of wine or Champagne. Etiquette for a second-child shower. When it comes to a second (third, fourth) pregnancy, people have differing opinions on shower etiquette. Though a family may now have a crib or playpen, each child deserves celebration. Depending on circumstances, the family may need replacement or additional items for a new baby. Or if the family is well-stocked, get creative and ask guests to write letters or stories for the new baby, or contribute to a college fund. Other ideas could include offers of a night of babysitting or gift cards for takeout meals. Sometimes, people call a second shower a “sprinkle.”

Guests and invitations. The budget and location plan of the host/ hostess may determine the number of guests, but the invitation list should be a joint effort that includes the mom-to-be. Evites are the most popular choice today, but a formal invitation creates a memento. Make sure all the details are on the invite: who, when, where, theme, gift registry link, list of needs and RSVP. Themes. The host/hostess will determine the theme of the shower. There are thousands of creative ideas on the internet, so look for a theme that suits the guest of honor’s tastes. One idea is to organize a theme around the family’s ancestry – Asian, African, French, Irish, among many more. Or consider having the theme reflect the mother’s décor scheme for baby’s nursery. Be creative! Gifts. Creating a registry at your favorite stores is a helpful way for guests to get ideas for gifts. It is acceptable to include registry information with the invitation or provide it when guests send their RSVPs in the affirmative.

Trends in baby showers • Creative gender reveals • Voting ballots for genders • Coed showers • Sip and sees • Bun in the oven showers • Eco or green showers

Popular styles/themes • Rainbow sprinkles • Boho floral • Metallics • Vintage/rustic

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• Tropical

Guest List

GETTING READY FOR BABY

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Gifts

GETTING READY FOR BABY

1. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 21. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 22. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 24. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 26. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 27. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 28. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 29. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 30. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Baby Gift Registry

GETTING READY FOR BABY

Your

this is your first baby, the length of the list of suggested gear to purchase may astonish you! A gift registry lets your loved ones know what you really want and need for your baby’s first year of life. In creating your registry, research and ask other moms for advice and reviews on items they use and love. Don’t forget safety items for the house and car, and include some items “to grow on.” There are numerous places to register for baby gifts. You may want to select two or three registries to offer convenience for your well-wishers. Also, be sure to have a range of prices among the many items on your list to allow for all budgets.

Here is a list of items your baby will need during the first year of life that you might add to a gift registry:  Baby bathtub and toiletries

 Clothes for different stages

 Baby carrier/sling

 Cool mist humidifier

 Baby first-aid kit, rectal thermometer and nail clippers

 Crib, mattress, mattress cover and crib sheets

 Baby hairbrush

 Diaper bag

 Baby monitor

 Diaper pail and liners

 Babyproofing supplies for cabinets, outlets, doors

 Dresser

 Back seat mirror

 High chair

 Bassinet  Bibs and burp cloths

 Hooded baby towels and soft washcloths

 Blankets

 Infant car seat

 Books  Bottles, a breast pump if breastfeeding, formula if not  Bouncers

 Food processor

 Layette (newborn clothing)  Playard  Rocking or arm chair  Stroller

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Birth Plans

YOUR PREGNANCY

Planning baby's

Birth

From

the first positive pregnancy test, many moms-to-be fret over labor. Writing a birth plan can help relieve your anxiety, and like Kegels, it’s a valuable predelivery exercise. A birth plan is a document that tells your medical team your preferences and desires for such things as how to manage labor pain. Most hospitals provide a birth plan work sheet or brochure that explains the hospital’s philosophy of childbirth and giving you options and guidelines. Much of your birth experience will be dictated by the setting you select and the caregivers assisting, so it’s important to learn your options before penning your preferences. In addition, it is impossible to completely control how your little one will make his or her grand entrance.

Things to think about when creating your birth plan: Birth setting policies. You may want to chow down on hamburgers during labor, but many hospitals limit your consumption to ice chips. Get familiar with your delivery location’s policies ahead of time.

Cesarean section. In what circumstances would you want your doctor to perform a C-section? Does five hours of pushing grant a ticket to the operating room or is your baby’s distress the only call for surgery? Discuss this with your physician.

Atmosphere. Do you want a high-energy ambiance with jazzy music or a quiet, softly lit setting for your baby’s big debut?

Photos and videos. Do you wish to document every moment from the first twinge through baby’s first bath, or hold the flashbulbs until all are clean and content?

Preparatory procedures. In earlier eras, nurses gave a woman arriving at the hospital to give birth an enema and a trim (down there). Ask if these are still routine procedures where you’ll be delivering. They likely won’t be, but it’s better to know so there’s no surprises.

Crowning. Some non-squeamish mothers request to have a mirror positioned so they can see the baby crown (when his head first appears) or even reach down and touch his tiny noggin.

Pain management. Is your strategy, “Get an epidural ASAP!” or do you want to avoid pain medications if possible? What pain management techniques will you use?

Cutting the cord. Indicate when you’d like baby’s umbilical cord to be clamped and specify whether daddy wants to take part in the snipping ritual.

Monitoring. Many hospitals use constant electronic fetal monitoring, but if you don’t want to be bedridden, intermittent monitoring may be an option.

Post birth. After a vaginal delivery, your delivery facility may practice placing baby immediately on your chest, known as skin-to-skin. This promotes bonding and successful breast-feeding. For a C-section, indicate who should bond with your baby while you recover.

Episiotomies and assisted birth. If your baby is being bashful, your caregiver may wish to perform an episiotomy—an incision between the vagina and anus—or use forceps or vacuum extraction. Discuss the pros and cons of each in advance.

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Nursing. Experts recommend starting breast-feeding right away. You can ask the hospital staff not to offer baby a bottle or pacifier, which could interfere with nursing.

Plan

YOUR PREGNANCY BIRTH PLANS

The

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Doulas

YOUR PREGNANCY

The deal with

Feeling

nervous about delivery? Had a traumatic birth in the past? Do you have a specific goal in mind for your labor and delivery, or will you be on your own without a partner? In all these situations, a trained doula might be a good choice for you as you navigate pregnancy and childbirth.

What is the role of a doula in pregnancy and labor? A doula is trained to provide physical, emotional and informational support during pregnancy. A doula will meet with you during pregnancy to address concerns and answer any questions you have about your growing body. Your doula will also help you plan for your delivery, learning what is important to you, what relaxes you, what makes you anxious, and other preferences you might have. During pregnancy, your doula might perform massages to ease prenatal discomfort. During delivery, your doula will stay close by your side, helping you with pain-management techniques and advocating on your behalf. Research shows that women who use doulas have lower rates of C-sections and other interventions, and they report greater satisfaction with their births. What is NOT the role of a doula? A doula is (usually) not a doctor or a nurse. The doula does not replace either of those roles, and she cannot give you a medical examination or advice. Your doula cannot make any medical requests or relay final decisions

to your medical team. She is there to be a support system for you as you interact your health care providers. Does a doula help me after delivery? Depending on your contract and wishes, your doula can come to your home after delivery, helping you through the adjustment period with a newborn. Especially for first-time mothers or those who have experienced a difficult delivery, doulas can provide invaluable support in those first few weeks, from breast-feeding support to helping cook meals. How do I find a doula? A personal recommendation is always best. Reach out to friends to ask for positive and negative experiences. If you don’t get a good response, look online for a doula in your area who is certified by Doulas of North America International.

We accept payment plans, HSA accounts, and OHP

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Questions to ask when interviewing a doula • What services do you provide? • What are your fees? • How do you view your role during labor and delivery? • How do you interact with health care providers? • Do you provide services after childbirth? • What happens if I go into labor and you are unable to attend?

Mention this ad and get 10% off Labor Package

Labor

BIRTH PLANS YOUR PREGNANCY

Stages of

1st stage

Early phase: This phase typically lasts up to 12 hours although it’s usually considerably shorter for second and subsequent babies. As labor progresses, the contractions get longer and stronger. Active phase: Often this phase lasts up to six hours, although it can be a lot shorter. You should be in the hospital or birth center by now or en route. Contractions are much more intense, last about 40-60 seconds, and are spaced three to five minutes apart. Breathing exercises, relaxation techniques and coaching are all important now. If you want it, you may receive pain relief in this phase. Transition phase: This phase can last anywhere from a few minutes to several hours. Contractions last 60-90 seconds and come two or three minutes apart.

2nd stage

The second stage can last from minutes to hours – the average is about an hour for a first-time pregnancy (longer if you’ve had an epidural) – and ends with a moment that’s made up in equal parts of relief and breathtaking beauty: The birth of your baby.

3rd stage

Delivery of the placenta: This stage, which begins immediately after the birth of your baby, ends with the delivery of the placenta five to 10 minutes later.

Labor decisions During your labor, your health care team will ask you to make a lot of decisions. The best option is to consider these decisions before labor but be flexible with yourself if you change your mind. • Do you want pain medicine? • If so, will you want an epidural or general pain medication administered through the IV? • Episiotomy or no episiotomy?

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YOUR PREGNANCY

How will I know when I'm in

Labor?

Every

woman’s labor is different, so pinpointing when yours will begin isn’t possible. However, some specific changes take place in pre-labor, early labor and established (active) labor. Your body starts preparing for labor up to a month before you give birth. You may not recognize the changes at first, but there comes a time that you become aware of these new symptoms as your due date draws near.

Signs of pre-labor Lightening. In the weeks and days before labor starts, your baby “drops.” You may feel what’s known as ‘lightening’ a few weeks before labor starts. You breathe easier because the heaviness has shifted to your pelvis as opposed to just below your ribcage. Braxton Hicks. You will have frequent and intense Braxton Hicks contractions signaling pre-labor. Your cervix ripens, and you’re set for real labor. Some women feel crampy (like when you have your period). Those Braxton Hicks contractions are tricky and can strike as often as every 10 to 20 minutes. Real labor contractions are usually longer, stronger, closer together and cause your cervix to dilate. Cervix changes. Your cervix starts to soften and thin out. As your due date draws near, your doctor will do an exam checking to see if your cervix has started to change. You may pass your mucus plug if your cervix begins to efface significantly or dilate as you get close to labor. This is the plug that has sealed your cervix canal during the last nine months. It can appear as discharge or in a lump. It might have pink, red or brown blood. Water breaks. When the fluid-filled amniotic sac surrounding the baby ruptures, fluid leaks out from your vagina and this is the time to call the doctor. Most women have regular contractions before the water breaking, but sometimes the water breaks first.

How you will feel in the pre-labor or early labor phases depends on: • Whether you’ve had a baby before. • How you perceive and respond to pain. • How mentally and emotionally prepared you are for going into labor.

continued on page 55

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BIRTH PLANS YOUR PREGNANCY continued from page 54

What should I do early on in labor? This will depend on what time of day it is, what you like doing, and how youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re feeling. Keeping calm and relaxed will help your body to release the hormone oxytocin that you need for your labor to progress and will help you to cope with the contractions. Do whatever will help you to stay relaxed. This could mean watching your favorite film, going for a walk, puttering around at home, or asking a trusted friend or relative over to keep you company. You could alternate between walking and resting or try taking a warm bath or shower to ease any aches and pains. If you can, try to get some rest to prepare you for the work ahead. During early labor, you may feel hungry, so eat and drink if you feel like it. This will help to comfort you and may even help your labor to progress more smoothly.

Can I have contractions and not be in labor? Yes. You can have pre-labor contractions. These help your cervix to go through the changes it needs to before it starts

to dilate. During dilation, your cervix moves from the back (posterior position) to the front (anterior position). It will also be shortening and thinning (softening and effacing). These changes may take place without you noticing over the last few weeks of your pregnancy. Or you may experience hours or days of cramps or contractions. These may be progressing the early changes in your cervix, even though they may not be dilating your cervix yet. A doctor can confirm whether cervical changes have started during an examination. If your baby has his head down but his back to your back, it can take longer for his head to engage and for labor to start. Your contractions may be erratic and low in intensity, and you may have backache. Your doctor will advise you about ways to cope at home until labor becomes stronger. Try a warm bath or massage to relieve the pain. If your baby is back-to-back, getting into an all-fours position, on your hands and knees, for a half-hour or so occasionally can help relieve backache. continued on page 56

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YOUR PREGNANCY continued from page 55

When should I call my doctor? You have probably talked to your doctor about what to do when you think you’re in active labor. But if you’re not sure whether the time has come, don’t be embarrassed to call. Doctors are used to getting calls from women who are uncertain if they’re in early labor or active labor, and who need guidance. A doctor can tell a lot by the tone of your voice, so talking helps. She’ll want to know how close together your contractions are, whether you can talk through a contraction, and any other symptoms you may have. If she thinks you’re still in early labor, she is likely to encourage you to go home until you’re in stronger active labor. Her decision will depend on how you’re coping and whether you’ve got a birth partner to support you. You should contact your doctor if: • Your water breaks or if you suspect you’re leaking amniotic fluid. • Your baby is moving less than usual. • You have vaginal bleeding (unless it’s just a small amount after a membrane sweep or the blood-tinged mucus of the show). • You have a fever, severe headaches, changes in your vision, along with abdominal pain.

Arriving at the hospital Weeks before baby is due, it is a good idea for you and your partner to do a trial run to your birth center. Make sure you know the directions, correct entrance and parking arrangements. Check to see if there are different entrances or rules depending on what time of night or day you arrive. When it is time to leave home, bring your labor supplies, toiletries and insurance information. Once you officially check in at admissions or the emergency department, you will be moved to Labor and Delivery. Your Labor and Delivery nurse will ask you to change into a hospital gown and then will assess you and the baby to make sure that everything is progressing normally. During this time, a nurse or technician will start IV in you and attach monitors for baby’s heartbeat and your contractions.

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Checklist

YOUR PREGNANCY BIRTH PLANS

Hospital bag

For You:

0 Items to wear during delivery, if not using a hospital gown 0 Lip balm for dry lips 0 Healthy snacks for labor reading material or other activity to keep you busy 0 Tablet, as you wait from home (use a colored or patterned case to 0 Pillow differentiate it from hospital pillows)

0 Nightgowns or loungewear for after the baby arrives 0 Socks 0 Slippers for walking the halls 0 Soft, loose clothing for leaving the hospital 0 Robe or wrap to wear for visitors

For Baby:

Prewashed outfits for the hospital, if you prefer to dress 0 them in clothes from home

0 Baby book for footprints and guest notes if you plan to use one. 0 Pacifier, Most hospitals no longer supply them.

For Partner:

0 Tablet or reading material to pass the time 0 Coins for the vending machine 0 A change of clothes if you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t plan to go home 0 Toiletries

0 Toiletries 0 Hairbrush 0 Hair ties 0 Glasses or contacts and lens solution 0 What makeup you plan to wear 0 Nursing bras, if applicable 0 Nursing pads 0 Nursing pillow 0 Breast pump 0 Phone and charger 0 Camera 0 Coming-home outfit 0 Car seat 0 Blankets

0 Phone and charger 0 Camera 0 Snacks

Call List:

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YOUR PREGNANCY

Hurry up and wait:

Labor Lulls

Labor

can sometimes last for several hours, but there are many techniques that you can use to make these hours pass by a little quicker and easier. Here are a few ways to make it more bearable:

Labor at home as long as possible. You will typically be more comfortable in your own environment with the freedom to move as you need to and the privacy to act on your instincts to adjust your body, no matter how strange the position. Create a comfortable birthing space. Even in a hospital, you can do small things to make your birthing space more welcoming. Create a calm atmosphere by dimming lights and using aromatherapy you enjoy. Bring your own blanket and pillow. Listen to music. Move. Lying down isn’t always the best position for encouraging the baby to move down, especially in early labor. In most cultures, women do not lie down to give birth. They stand, squat, hug a tree, anything that feels good to them. Utilize the water. Ever take a bath to relax? Humans have a natural attraction to water. Most women report that contractions are much more tolerable in tub.

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Surround yourself with people that love you and will encourage you. Utilize your partner. At this point, your partner may be feeling helpless and useless. Give suggestions to help you, such as feed you ice chips, fluff your pillow or massage your feet. Remove negative energy from the birthing space. If there are spectators in the room who are commenting negatively or making you feel embarrassed or uncomfortable, they should leave the space. There is a lot of psychology in birth. If you don’t feel comfortable, the labor will take longer and may be harder. Give in. So many women try to fight the contractions/pressure waves in attempt to make them less painful. Give in to the sensations and try to see them more as a rush of energy. They are going to happen no matter what you do. When you give in and let them work, your labor will be more effective and typically quicker.

Post-labor care kit: • Ice packs • Ultra-absorbent sanitary pads and panty liners • Hemorrhoid wipes or cream

Memories YOUR PREGNANCY BIRTH PLANS

Labor My contractions started on (date/time): At first they felt like:

They were this far apart: They lasted this long: The person I called first to tell: His/her reaction:

Exciting Moments:

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Birth Story

YOUR PREGNANCY BIRTH PLANS

Your baby's Birthplace: Time: Length: Eye Color: Who held the baby first: People who were there:

Exciting Moments:

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Date: Weight: Hair Color:

BIRTH PLANS

Exciting Moments:

Hospital Visitors:

Hospital Gifts:

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BIRTH PLANS YOUR PREGNANCY

tiptoe into your heart, and stay forever... These tiny feet and hands

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Left Hand

Right Hand

Left Foot

Right Foot

YOUR PREGNANCY

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Healthy Baby

Your

YOUR PREGNANCY

Breast-feeding & baby's

first dance with a new partner can be a bit awkward. With practice, you both learn how to move with one another gracefully. Learning to comfortably nurse your baby is very much like learning to dance. It may not be perfect at first, but with practice, it becomes effortless.

Nutrition

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breast-feeding exclusively through baby’s first six months and continuing to breastfeed as you add in other foods during months six to 12. Even a small amount of breast milk in the first few days after your baby’s birth makes a difference. Longer is better, but every ounce counts! Breast-feeding provides warmth and closeness. The physical contact helps create a special bond between you and your baby. Breast milk has many benefits – it is easier to digest, doesn’t need to be prepared, and it is always available. It has all the nutrients, calories and fluids your baby needs to be healthy and growth factors that ensure the best development of your baby’s organs. Breast milk also has many substances that formulas don’t have that help protect your baby from some diseases and infections. Breast-fed babies are less likely to have ear infections, diarrhea, pneumonia, wheezing, bronchiolitis and other bacterial and viral infections. Breast-feeding is good for you, too. It helps to release hormones in your body that promote mothering behavior and return your uterus to the size it was before pregnancy more quickly. It also burns calories, which may help in losing pregnancy weight. Breast-feeding will delay the return of your menstrual period to help keep iron in your body. It also keeps bones strong.

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Plan ahead. Attend a breast-feeding class. It is important to learn how to latch the baby to the breast correctly so that you are comfortable, and the baby is effective at getting milk. Check your local health department and area hospitals for breast-feeding classes. Ask friends and family members who breastfed for their support. You can get excellent and accurate information from www. womenshealth.gov. Include breast-feeding goals in your birth plan. Ask about skinto-skin contact immediately after birth. Research shows it eases the baby’s transition into the world. Often referred to as “kangaroo care,” this close contact helps stabilize baby’s breathing and heartbeat and increases milk supply. Establish a support system. New moms need support and reassurance. While you are pregnant, develop a list of “who to call” in case you have questions or concerns. It can be a friend who had a successful breast-feeding experience or a lactation professional. Most hospitals have lactation professionals on staff and

they will consult with you on the phone or in person. You can search ‘find a lactation consultant’ at www.ilca.org. The La Leche League offers support groups. Interview pediatricians. When choosing a pediatrician, be sure to ask if he or she has experience supporting breast-feeding mothers and babies. Your baby’s doctor will be a valuable part of your support system. They are the best source of information about the influence of prescription medications or other supplements on breast milk. If you are returning to work or school. Let your employer know that you will need regular breaks to pump milk for your infant and ask about a comfortable, private space. Your insurance may provide an electric pump, or you can buy or rent one. A good pump is critical. Ask a lactation counselor about the best models. Take a few weeks to practice pumping before you return to work. Work with your child care provider to plan baby’s feeding around your schedule.

Safe sleep

YOUR PREGNANCY

for Your Baby

Approximately

3,500 infants die annually in the United States from sleep-related deaths, including sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS); ill-defined deaths; and accidental suffocation and strangulation. Create a safe sleeping environment by following these recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatricians:

What can I do before my baby is born to reduce the risk of SIDS? Take care of yourself during pregnancy and after the birth of your baby. During pregnancy, before you even give birth, you can reduce the risk of your baby dying from SIDS! Don’t smoke or expose yourself to others’ smoke while you are pregnant and after the baby is born. Alcohol and drug use can also increase your baby’s risk for SIDS. Be sure to visit a physician for regular prenatal checkups to reduce your risk of having a low birth weight or premature baby. Where is the safest place for my baby to sleep? The safest place for your baby to sleep is in the room where you sleep, but not in your bed. Place the baby’s crib or bassinet near your bed (within arm’s reach). This makes it easier to breast-feed and to bond with your baby. The crib or bassinet should be free from toys, soft bedding, blankets and pillows. Safe sleep practices Always place babies to sleep on their backs during naps and at nighttime. Because babies sleeping on their sides are more likely to accidentally roll onto their stomach, the side position is just as dangerous as the

stomach position. Avoid letting the baby get too hot. The baby could be too hot if you notice sweating, damp hair, flushed cheeks, heat rash and rapid breathing. Dress the baby lightly for sleep. Set the room temperature in a range that is comfortable for a lightly clothed adult. Consider using a pacifier at nap time and bed time. The pacifier should not have cords or clips that might be a strangulation risk. Safe sleep environment Place your baby on a firm mattress, covered by a fitted sheet that meets current safety standards. Place the crib in an area that is always smoke-free. Don’t place babies to sleep on adult beds, chairs, sofas, waterbeds, pillows or cushions. Do not put toys and other soft bedding, including fluffy blankets, comforters, pillows, stuffed animals, bumper pads and wedges, in the crib with the baby. Sleep clothing, such as sleepers, sleep sacks and wearable blankets are better alternatives to blankets. Is it ever safe to have babies on their tummies? Yes! You should talk to your child care provider about making tummy time a part of your baby’s daily activities. Your baby needs plenty of

How to swaddle 1. Lay a thin muslin or flannel receiving blanket flat. 2. Fold one corner down to touch the middle. 3. Lay baby with head above the folded corner. 4. Wrap one side tightly around baby and tuck under his opposite shoulder. 5. Pull the bottom corner up over baby’s feet and lay across his tummy. 6. Pull the other side tightly around and to the back of the baby. 7. Baby should be snugly wrapped, but his feet should have room to move.

tummy time while supervised and awake to help build strong neck and shoulder muscles. Remember to make sure that your baby is having tummy time at home with you.

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Meeting the family

Mixing babies & cats Your cat may be a bit skittish around the new baby at first, but in time, will grow accustomed to the new baby. Kitty will learn to dodge the baby soon enough, as baby begins to crawl and walk. A cat will normally leave a baby alone unless provoked. If the new baby is lying on the floor and grabs your cat’s leg or tail, your cat may hiss, nip or scratch.

For

years, your dog has been the one and only “baby’ in the family. Now, there’s a new one coming. It’s normal to be concerned about your pet’s reaction to the baby. Will there be jealousy? Will there be aggressive behavior? What you need to know is that the best way to introduce the new baby to the old “baby” is to start preparing the pet almost as soon as you become pregnant. This can be done effectively no matter the age of the dog. Yes, you can teach an old dog new tricks! The best place to start is by understanding your dog’s way of thinking. Dogs are pack animals and interact with their family in the same way they would interact with a dog pack. The most important thing in a dog’s life is structure, or pack structure. For a dog to feel that there is proper structure in its life, it needs to have a distinct pack leader that keeps the order in the family or pack. In many homes, we too often treat the dog like the pack leader. If you don’t adjust this

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Pets

role before the baby comes, you may have trouble correcting inappropriate behavior. We like to think of our dogs as our children, but their needs are much different from the needs of a human baby. Therefore, it’s important to ensure that you are providing the proper structure that the dog needs before you introduce the new baby to the family. The best option is to get the advice of a professional trainer who has experience in pack structure training. If you do need some training for your dog, it is well worth the investment for the happiness and safety of your new family unit. It is also best to make sure your dog knows basic obedience commands like sit, stay, down, leash walking and coming when called. If your dog doesn’t know these commands, a visit with a professional trainer is in order. If you contact a trainer about your pack structure, the same trainer should be able to provide a training program that includes both pack structure and obedience training. When the dog has mastered the obedience commands, use them while doing things continued on page 67

HEALTHY BABY continued from page 66

you will be doing when the baby comes. Wrap up a doll like a baby and rock it, feed it and walk around with it. During these practices, periodically reward the dog with treats so that it associates baby activities with something positive. Babies make strange sounds, so help the dog get accustomed to the noises by playing recordings.

and baby closer together until you feel comfortable enough to invite the dog to sniff the baby. It is generally a good idea to teach the dog a boundary around the baby of a few feet unless otherwise invited by the parents. This ensures that there will be no accidental baby/dog interactions that could cause unwanted behavior.

Set up a “safe” area for the dog to retreat to when the baby is crying or there’s additional baby commotion. This could be the laundry room, an office or any other room that will allow the dog to escape and relax. Have water, a crate, sleeping pads and anything that makes the dog feel secure in the safe area. Dogs are naturally denning animals, so they like small spaces such as crates to retreat to when they are scared or stressed. You could also feed your dog in this area so that they can eat in a stressfree environment. Never allow your baby to be around the dog during feeding times to avoid any unnecessary stress on your dog or possible food aggression issues.

Be sure to devote the same amount of attention to the dog as before. If you go for a walk with the baby, take the dog. Acclimate your dog to the baby stroller before walking your dog next to it with the baby in it. If you can’t handle the dog and the stroller together, have someone go with you to walk the dog. You can allow the dog the same household freedom as before, except for the baby’s room, if it doesn’t cause any unwanted behavior. Use a gate to prevent the dog from entering the baby’s room without you.

Make sure the dog’s routine is as normal as possible, both when you are in the hospital and when you return home with the new baby. This routine should consist of a feeding schedule, a walking schedule and brief play times without the new baby. Before bringing the baby home, have someone give the dog something that has the baby’s smell on it, like a blanket or clothing, so the dog can become familiar with the baby’s odor. Let the dog smell the item and give them treats at the same time so they will associate the baby’s odor with something positive. Upon returning home, greet the dog without the baby. Place the dog on a leash and have someone not holding the baby there to handle them. Let the dog get used to the sounds and smells associated with the baby. After the dog has calmed down and the baby is quiet, you may start to make introductions. With the dog still on a leash, put the dog in a sit/stay posture and gradually bring the baby closer. Repeat this introduction several times, each time bringing the dog

There are no set guidelines as to when a dog will get used to a baby. It could take a few days or a few weeks. It should take less time with proper preparation and good management. If, after several weeks, there has been no sign of unwanted behavior, it is unlikely that anything serious will happen. It is good to remember that dogs are still animals, so their behavior can never be fully guaranteed. Proper management and supervision remain important throughout the life of your dog. All experts agree that you should never leave a dog unattended with a baby under any circumstances. The sudden movement of a baby could startle the dog and cause unwanted behavior such as biting. Most dogs will adjust to a new baby without incident. Observe the dog’s behavior for any signs of unwanted behavior or aggression. That way, you can avoid problems and accidents. If you do observe any behavior that is concerning, call a trainer to help remedy the problem. When introduced properly, with proper preparation, you can have a smooth introduction of your new baby to your fur-baby.

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Dressed for

Outfit

your baby for comfort and style by considering these key factors: Layer it on. For such small creatures, babies require a lot of clothes. And thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not just because they are likely to spit up or otherwise soil them hourly, but because babies require several layers to maintain optimal warmth. As a rule of thumb, young infants should wear one more layer than adults do to be comfortable. In cooler temperatures, dress your baby in a onesie and socks, covered by a long gown or sleeper and topped with a breathable blanket. In warmer environs, you can lose the blanket or footed sleeper. Avoid irritants. Because babies have such delicate skin, rough fabrics or

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Success

harsh chemicals can easily irritate them. Opt for soft knits or 100 percent-cotton clothing. Be sure to prewash all items in a detergent that is free of fabric softeners or perfumes. Similarly, avoid clothing with buttons or snaps that the baby will lie on top of, or tight elastic around the arms or legs. Less is more. When it comes to newborns and young babies, you are going to be changing their clothes a lot. And nothing is more tedious than locating and matching a bunch of buttons or snaps, especially for those 2 a.m. diaper changes. Look for long knit gowns or sleepers that zip up the front for foolproof diaper access, even by fumbling, half-asleep parents. Show your style. While comfort is key,

cuteness is irresistible. Now more than ever, parents have a wide-range of style options to dress their littlest tykes. Many trendy parents opt to outfit their kids in neutral, organic colors and a vintage vibe. Others gravitate to a casual rocker style, complete with message T-shirts and baby skinny jeans. Finally, the popularity of the British royal family has led to something of a resurgence of classic childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s clothes, epitomized by shorts sets and cardigans for the boys, dainty dresses with Peter Pan collars for the girls, paired with knee highs and leather shoes for all. One thing to remember when stocking the closet with kiddie couture: Babies grow fast. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t go overboard in buying clothes or they may only get to wear them once or twice.

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Newborn essentials checklist 7-10 onesies 4-5 gowns with elastic bottom 4-5 footed sleepers 2-3 sweaters 2-3 pull-on pants 2-3 hats 7 socks or booties 1/2 mittens fleece bunting for colder seasons wearable blanket

What to look for in baby footwear When it comes to babies and shoes, the latest research shows that barefoot is best. The human foot develops most optimally when the bones of the feet have room to spread and shift naturally. That said, in many cases it is impractical for babies to be barefoot most of the time. Here are a few guidelines for choosing the proper footwear as your baby grows. 0-12 months (pre-walkers) At this point of development, its best to choose shoes that are extremely flexible and light. Look for soft leather, smooth soles and a secure fit that gives room for movement and growth, while remaining on the foot during average movement and play. 12 months-2 years (early walkers) While flexibility is still desirable, it’s important to find sturdy shoes that protect your child’s feet from hard or sharp objects on the ground. It’s a good idea to visit a reputable children’s shoe store at this stage, as proper measurement and fit are important factors in your child’s comfort and developing walking skills. Look for breathable materials, skid-proof soles, flexibility and room to grow. However, don’t size up too much as that can cause your child to trip on the ends. You may also want to choose Velcro fasteners, as tying a child’s laces over and over can turn into a chore, and dragging laces are a falling hazard. Look at your child’s feet after they remove their shoes. There shouldn’t be any bright red marks or blisters after wearing them. Don’t expect children’s shoes to break in; They should fit appropriately and comfortably from the beginning.

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Massage YOUR PREGNANCY

Infant

Touch

is the first sense we develop while still in our mothers’ wombs. We continue to need touch all our lives for wellbeing. You can begin that positive bond with gentle, infant massage. For babies, massage is a rhythmic, gentle stroking of your baby’s body with your hands and warm massage oil. These soothing strokes stimulate the production of oxytocin in you and your baby. Oxytocin is the feel-good hormone that builds on the bonds of love and care. Begin with a warm room, a calm setting with no distractions. Place the baby on a flat surface and cover her with a soft towel or blanket. Warm lotion or oil (baby- friendly, skin-friendly), and begin with gentle, circular motions and fluid strokes. Building this routine is the key. As you do the massage in a regular pattern, your baby thrives with this security and the knowledge of how you are helping them. During massage, reading your baby’s cues is extremely important. Watch how she responds. Is she happy? Con-

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tinue your massage routine. Your baby will tell you when the massage needs to end, and which strokes she likes. Singing, humming and speaking to your baby while doing massage enhances the experience. You both can relax with each stroke as your baby responds to your touch, voice and complete, loving attention. For dads who may miss out on daily care, massaging the baby can help them quickly gain confidence in handling their babies. There are many studies illustrating the advantages of infant massage in improving sleep, reducing stress hormones, fussiness and crying, and regulating digestion. Parents and babies who do daily massage together often find a growing respect, trust and responsibility toward one another and others. You’ll find many resources available related to baby massage in books, videos and online. However, it can be helpful and reassuring to take an infant massage class or session with a certified professional to get you off to the right start.

Bonding with baby Bonding with your baby refers to the intense attachment you develop with your newborn. Bonding creates a secure and healthy attachment between the two of you. Your voice, your touch, your smile, your eye contact, your cuddle, your response to cues and attention to your baby’s needs creates a secure and healthy attachment. In turn, this connection fosters a feeling of safety, which leads to trust, making him easier to comfort and more affectionate. This bonding becomes the foundation for your child’s ability to connect with others and to have healthy relationships through childhood and beyond.

YOUR PREGNANCY

Dedication,

Getting your body

Back

Exercising with baby

patience and perseverance are what every mom needs to get that prebaby body back. If you want it, go for it! But get it back the healthy way, which involves slow and steady progress. For the first six weeks after birth DO NOT go on a diet, especially if you are breast-feeding. Your baby needs the nutrients and you need the energy. Pregnancy is not unlike running a marathon every day for nine months. Use this postpartum time to restore your nutritional status and energy. (Awesome news: Breast-feeding burns calories! It can help mothers lose extra weight gained during pregnancy.) Exercise can help you regain your shape and may even reduce risks of postpartum depression. However, before you start your exercise program, ask your doctor if youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re ready, especially if you had a difficult preg-

The earlier we expose infants and toddlers to movement and exercise, the better the brain-muscle connection. Physical competence makes exercise and activity a lifelong habit and is a protection against obesity in the future. These children become active as adults because their brains have incorporated the physical skills that make exercise enjoyable.

nancy and/or complicated delivery. Most doctors will say start whenever you feel ready and gradually work up your activity level. Walking is a good starting place. Go on some stroller routes and baby will love it too. Fresh air and exercise for two! If the doctor says its OK, you can also begin some core and strength workouts.

Many places offer mommy-andme activity programs for moms and their babies. You can also find example videos on the internet. These classes allow you to get some exercise, while building valuable coordination skills for your baby. You get the benefit of having an instructor guide you through these post-pregnancy workouts and your baby gets to watch other moms and babies in action.

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Foods

YOUR PREGNANCY

Freshest

With

Making your own baby food is affordable, easy and fun!

so much evidence showing that we should favor whole, clean foods to processed ones, it’s no wonder that many parents are choosing to make their own baby foods. By avoiding the traditional jarred purees, parents have more control over the quality and ingredients that go into their child’s meals. While it may sound daunting, with a few tools that are likely already in your kitchen, DIY baby food is simple to make and saves money. The tools. The main things you need to make baby food are something to chop, such as a food processor or just a knife; something to steam, such as an insert that goes into a stockpot; and something to mash, which again could be a food processor or a hand masher. Of course, there are also several machines

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available to do all these tasks, but if budget or space is a concern, buying another gadget is not necessary. Keep it simple! The food. When deciding what foods to choose, talk to your pediatrician about what he or she recommends for children of your baby’s age. Most doctors today advise waiting until the baby is 6 months-old to introduce solids. Generally, the first solids are fruits and vegetables, followed by meats a few months later. It’s a good idea to go slowly when adding new foods to your baby’s repertoire. This allows you to detect any food sensitivities and pinpoint what is causing them without too much detective work. There are differing opinions about when to offer common allergens such as eggs, whole milk and nut products, so

be sure to consult your doctor, considering family history of food sensitivities. Beyond these basic guidelines, many experts recommend starting with a savory vegetable, such as avocado, sweet potato or carrots before fruit, so baby doesn’t come to expect all foods to be very sweet. Next, try these popular fruit and vegetable choices without added sugar or salt: apples, pears, peaches, bananas, carrots, peas, green beans and apricots. Use fresh produce as a first choice and frozen as a second. The steps. 1. Clean, peel and chop your chosen food into small pieces. 2. Place the pieces in the steaming basket. 3. Steam until soft. 4. Add a little butter or seasoning if continued on page 73

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you prefer, and mash into a smooth puree. For older babies, you can leave food a little chunkier. 5. Let cool to serve or store. 6. Give it to baby to enjoy! The storage method. Once you have made your delicious, homemade baby food, store it in the freezer to use again and again. The easiest storage units are silicone ice trays with lids. These allow you to pop out single servings of food to reheat in a matter of seconds. They are also wonderfully stackable, so you can keep a plethora of choices on hand and ready to go. Be sure to label and date your trays. You can leave frozen baby food in the freezer for two months. Take as many cubes as you want out of the freezer and either thaw them in the microwave or put them in a cup in a pan of boiling water with a lid on. Baby-led weaning. Another way of feeding infants that is gaining popularity, baby-led weaning does away with the purees completely. In this method, parents give babies chunks of finger food on their own plate and allow them to pick them up and eat them at their own pace. Although baby-led weaning experts advise avoiding common choking hazards like whole grapes or popcorn, they contend that babies have a reflex that helps them avoid choking, and under the watchful eye of their parents, it is safe for them to eat larger pieces of food on their own. Proponents of this method argue that baby-led weaning has been practiced for thousands of years and is the natural way for babies to be introduced to solids. Baby-led weaning encourages fine motor skills, interest in different tastes and textures, and allows babies to follow their own hunger cues. If you are interested in trying baby-led weaning, talk to your doctor about safe ways to introduce finger foods to your infant.

Apple Puree Ingredients: 10 large apples, peeled and cored; water Directions: Cut apples into slices. Place in a pan and just about cover the apples with water. Cover the pan and bring to a boil; watch the water in the pan as it will boil down. After 10-15 minutes, check the consistency; you want them soft, so they puree easily. Place apples in blender. Blend and cool. Serve to baby. Try this recipe with peaches or pears!

Sweet Potato Puree Ingredients: 4 ounces of sweet potato; 1 cup of water Directions: Dice sweet potato. Add sweet potato pieces to a pot and add water. Bring to a boil. Cook for about 12 minutes or until the potatoes have your desired consistency. Transfer the potatoes to a blender. Blend and let cool. You can do the same process with carrots but peel them and cook them for 20 minutes before blending.

Pea Puree Ingredients: 3 cups of peas (organic frozen varieties have the least amount of salt); 2 tablespoons of water Directions: Steam frozen peas for three minutes. Place the peas and water in a blender. Puree for two minutes or until the texture is smooth and creamy. You can add more water to get the desired consistency. Cool and serve to baby.

White Bean Puree Ingredients: 1 can (15 oz.) cannellini beans, rinsed and drained; 1 tablespoon of water Directions: Using a food processor, pulse the beans and the water for about a minute. The consistency will be like peanut butter; add water if too thick.

Chicken Pasta Soup Ingredients: 1 Â˝ cups of low-sodium chicken broth; 2 tablespoons of pastina, uncooked Directions: Bring broth to a boil, then add pastina. Cook for another six to seven minutes. Verify that pastina is soft and cooked. Serve warm.

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Vision

YOUR PREGNANCY

Your baby's

Soon

after birth, your doctor will briefly examine your infant’s eyes to rule out signs of serious neonatal eye problems. After that, you’ll watch for milestones or markers that will indicate your baby’s vision is progressing normally. The first few years of a child’s life are critical in the development of good vision.

Interestingly, it takes several months for your child’s vision to fully develop. Nerve cells in their retinas and brains haven’t fully developed, so don’t have the ability to focus on nearby objects. Don’t worry–it just takes time. During the first month, baby’s eyes aren’t sensitive to light, so you can leave lights on in the nursery without disturbing sleep. During the first four months, your baby sees a blurred world. Around this age, he will begin to follow moving objects with the eyes and will reach out for things as hand-eye coordination begins to develop. By six to eight months, both of baby’s eyes should focus equally. Your baby will use both eyes to judge distances and will grasp items (throw items) with greater precision. Don’t be concerned if your infant’s eyes are beginning to change color as most babies are born with blue eyes because darker pigments in the iris aren’t completely developed at birth. Over time, dark pigment in the iris may turn your child’s eyes brown, green, gray or a mixture of colors. Watch for symptoms that may indicate a need for a professional – eye turning inward, outward, upward or downward for long periods of time; favoring one eye over the other; bumping into objects on one side; red eyes or lids; excessive tearing; encrusted eyelids or frequent styes. A white or frosty pupil in photos can indicate a congenital cataract or other growth blocking the retina. In these cases, always call a professional to schedule an examination.

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Education

YOUR PREGNANCY

Baby's early

From

the moment your baby is born, he or she is learning about the world. Talk, talk, talk to your baby every day. Your baby would rather hear your voice and look at your face above anything else. Mommy’s voice is his or her absolute favorite sound because your baby associates it with warmth, food and comfort. By talking to your baby, she will learn the importance of speech long before she comprehends or speaks herself. In just a matter of weeks if not days, she will recognize your voice whether she can see you or not. Talking to her will calm her when she is distressed or give her joy. When he responds to you with a smile, a gurgle or a coo and he sees your reactions, he is learning that talking is a two-way process. Early conversation will teach your baby many rules of communication as well as social skills. By 4-months-old, your baby will entertain himself/herself by babbling and making all kinds of new sounds.

His memory and attention span will increase, and your baby will begin to apply all the information absorbed from day-to-day activities. At this time, your baby will be able to sense your mood by the tone in your voice, as well as learn the concept of cause and effect. She will more than likely stumble upon this discovery by accident. For example, realizing when she kicks her feet, the crib shakes, or when he shakes a rattle, it makes noise. When your baby discovers that she can cause these reactions, she will begin to experiment in many ways to make things happen. Your baby will also discover that he can cause a reaction from you or an audience. It is important for your baby’s development to participate in this type of play to learn about his personal ability to influence the environment. Around 7 months old, your baby will discover that objects still exist even when they are out of sight. This is a principle called object permanence. Up to this

point in your baby’s life, she assumed that the world consisted of only things she could see. For instance, when you left the room, he assumed you had vanished, or if you hid a toy under a blanket, she thought it was gone forever and saw no reason to look for it. But now your baby is realizing that you are the same person that puts him down to bed at night and that her ball on the floor is the same ball that was in her crib the night before. Your baby knows that when playing peekaboo, your face did not really vanish never to be seen again when you put your hands over your face. Playing these types of games with your baby will help him continue to learn about object permanence for many months to come. Screen time (such as cellphones, tablets and TV) for children under the age of 2 is controversial and some professionals suggest no screen time at all before the age of 2 years. Talk to your pediatrician on this subject and decide what you both think is best for your child.

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YOUR PREGNANCY

Your

Taking care of baby

Teeth

baby’s primary teeth (baby teeth) are quite important. Decay and/or loss of these teeth can jeopardize the proper development of the permanent teeth. Babies get teeth at different rates. For most babies, the first tooth starts coming in between 4- and 8-months-old. Girls tend to get teeth faster than boys. Occasionally, some newborns are born with teeth. These are usually extra, and a pediatric dentist should examine them. The dentist may remove these teeth to prevent problems with feeding and damage to the newborn’s tongue. When teeth come in, most babies experience pain and can be cranky and fussy. Common signs of teething include sore, tender and swollen gums, excessive drool, loss of appetite, difficulty sleeping and a low-grade fever. Babies may be clingy and chew on their fingers and toys. They may break out in a rash or their face, neck and chest due to the excessive drool. You can try teething rings, baby pain relief medicine and topical numbing creams to alleviate distress. If you have any doubt or concern, don’t hesitate to consult your pediatrician or family physician. After your baby’s teeth begin to come in, you’ll need to take care of these pearly new additions. Use a piece of wet gauze to wipe teeth off or use fingertip toothbrush if necessary. Repeat twice a day. Don’t use toothpaste until they are older. For baby’s first birthday, make an appointment for a dental examination and get a beginner toothbrush with soft bristles. You’ll have to do most of the brushing but introducing the toothbrush at this early age can encourage a lifetime habit of oral hygiene. If your baby does not have teeth at 18 months, talk to your physician. There may be an underlying problem that is causing the delay. At about age 2 ½, you can introduce flossing. You’ll oversee the flossing until children are 6 or 7 years old. Use a fluoride toothpaste but avoid brands that claim to whiten or brighten teeth. These can be abrasive and cause damage when used over an extended period.

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When baby teeth typically arrive • Central incisors – 6 to 8 months old • Lateral incisors – 7- to 9-months old • Cuspids – 16 to 18 months old • First molars – 12 to 14 months old • Second molars – 20 to 24 months old

By the time your baby turns 4 years old, he or she should have a full mouth of baby teeth – 20 to be exact. As guides for permanent teeth, baby teeth are important and need care with brushing, flossing and visiting the dentist. Beware the extended use of bottles. If you are bottle-feeding, the type of nipple will have no significant effect on your baby’s bite. However, after the eruption of the first tooth (four to eight months), allowing the infant to nurse from the breast or the bottle for extended periods of time can have destructive effects on the teeth. Children over 6 months old who continue to bottle-feed while napping, sleeping or in-between meals run the risk of developing extensive tooth decay. Even breast milk can cause infant tooth decay. The most damaging bottle contents are fruit juices like apple or grape, citrus juices like orange or lemon, and sweetened beverages. Carbonated drinks and sugar or syrup-sweetened water are bad for teeth.

Chart

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

Babyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tooth Date of Eruption

Date of Eruption

B A

A. Central Incisor

Date of Eruption

UPPER

B. Lateral Incisor

C. Cuspid

D. First Molar

LOWER C

Date of Eruption

E. Second Molar

LOWER

Date of Eruption

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YOUR PREGNANCY

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Every Day

YOUR PREGNANCY

When

Read aloud

we read to children, children learn to love books! It’s never too early to start. Babies love to be held and to hear your voice. Use different voices and faces while reading and show the baby the pictures. Point to objects in the book and tell your baby what it is. By reading to your baby from the beginning, you open many doors of imagination and learning. Spending just a few minutes with a book is OK. Young children may sit still for only a few minutes. They will listen longer as they grow. Let your child turn the pages. Babies and toddlers need help to turn board book pages. A 3-year-old likes to turn paper pages without help. Read favorite stories over and over. Children love to hear the same stories again and again. This is how they learn. Ask your child questions about the story. Where is the moon? What do you think will happen next? Be sure to give your child time to answer. Read anywhere and anytime. Read at playtime, bedtime and naptime. Bring a book if you know you’ll be waiting somewhere. Read at the playground, in the park, in the car. Go to your local library to get more books. Your local library has lots of free books. Let your child choose which ones to bring home.

What children like in books at different ages

Infants (6-12 months)

• Board books with photos of babies • Sturdy, brightly colored board books to touch and taste • Books with pictures of things they see every day – balls, bottles, chairs, dogs • Small books sized for small hands

Younger toddlers (12-24 months)

• Sturdy board books they can handle and carry • Books that show children doing familiar things – sleeping, eating, playing • Goodnight books for bedtime • Books about saying goodbye and hello • Books with only a few words on the page • Books with simple rhymes or predictable text

Older toddlers (24-36 months)

• Books with pictures and names of many different things • Books with board pages, but also books with paper pages • Silly books and funny books • Books with rhyme and rhythm, and repeated text they can learn by heart • Books about children and families • Books about food, animals, trucks and other favorite objects

Preschoolers (3-5 years)

• Books that tell stories • Books about kids who look like and live like them – and books about different places and different ways of living • Books about going to school or day care • Books about making friends • Books with simple text they can memorize • Counting books, alphabet books, search and find books

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Tracking development

Each

Milestones

child develops at his/her own pace. The following list shows some typical age-associated milestones, but babies aren’t cookie-cutter in development. If you are keeping your well-baby appointments, your baby’s doctor will be looking for any red flags that may indicate concern. You should also trust your mother’s instinct and proactively ask your doctor if you feel like your baby is lagging or failing to reach certain milestones. THE FIRST MONTH • Can lift head momentarily. • Turns head from side to side when lying on back. • Hands stay clenched. • Strong grasp reflex present. • Looks and follows object moving in front of them in range of 45 degrees. • Sees black and white patterns. • Quiets when hears a voice. • Cries to express displeasure. • Makes throaty sounds. • Looks intently at parents when they talk to him/her. THE SECOND MONTH • Lifts head almost 45 degrees when lying on stomach. • Head bobs forward when held in sitting position. • Grasp reflex decreases. • Follows dangling objects with eyes. • Visually searches for sounds. • Makes noises other than crying. • Cries become distinctive (wet, hungry, etc.). • Vocalizes to familiar voices. • Social smile demonstrated in response to various stimuli.

Photo by Rebel Louise Photography

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THE THIRD MONTH • Begins to bear partial weight on both legs when held in a standing position. • Able to hold head up when sitting but still bobs forward. • When lying on stomach, can raise head and shoulders between 45 and 90 degrees. • Bears weight on forearms. • Grasp reflex absent. • Holds objects but does not reach for them. • Clutches own hands and pulls at blankets and clothes. • Follows objects 180 degrees. • Locates sound by turning head and looking in the same direction • Squeals, coos, babbles and chuckles. • “Talks” when spoken to. • Recognizes faces, voices and objects. • Smiles when he/she sees familiar people and engages in play with them. • Shows awareness to strange situations.

YOUR PREGNANCY

THE FOURTH MONTH • Drooling begins. • Good head control. • Sits with support. • Bears some weight on legs when held upright. • Raises head and chest off surface to a 90-degree angle. • Rolls from back to side. • Explores and plays with hands. • Tries to reach for objects but overshoots. • Grasps objects with both hands. • Eye-hand coordination begins. • Makes consonant sounds. • Laughs. • Enjoys being rocked, bounced or swung. THE FIFTH MONTH • Signs of teething begin. • Holds head up when sitting. • Rolls from stomach to back. • When lying on back, puts feet to mouth. • Voluntarily grasps and holds objects. • Plays with toes. • Takes objects directly to mouth. • Watches objects that are dropped. • Says “ahgoo” or similar vowelconsonant combinations. • Smiles at mirror image. • Gets upset if you take a toy away. • Can tell family and strangers apart. • Begins to discover parts of his/her body.

THE SIXTH MONTH • Chewing and biting occur. • When on stomach, can lift chest and part of stomach off the surface, bearing weight on hands. • Lifts head when pulled to a sitting position. • Rolls from back to stomach. • Bears majority of weight when being held in a standing position. • Grasps and controls small objects. • Holds bottle. • Grabs feet and pulls to mouth. • Adjusts body to see an object. • Turns head from side to side and then looks up or down. • Prefers more complex visual stimuli. • Says one syllable sounds like “ma,” “mu,” “da” and “di”. • Recognizes parents. THE SEVENTH MONTH • Sits without support, may lean forward on both hands. • Bears full weight on feet. • Bounces when held in standing position. • Bears weight on one hand when lying on stomach. • Transfers objects from one hand to another. • Bangs objects on surfaces. • Able to fixate on small objects. • Responds to name. • Awareness of depth and space begin. • Has taste preferences. • “Talks” when others are talking.

THE EIGHTH MONTH • Sits well without support. • Bears weight on legs and may stand holding onto furniture. • Adjusts posture to reach an object. • Picks up objects using index, fourth and fifth finger against thumb. • Able to release objects. • Pulls string to obtain object. • Reaches for toys that are out of reach. • Listens selectively to familiar words. • Begins combining syllables like “mama” and “da-da” but does not attach a meaning. • Understands the word no (but does not always obey it!). • Dislikes having diaper changed and being dressed. THE NINTH MONTH • Begins crawling. • Pulls up to standing position from sitting. • Sits for a prolonged time (10 minutes). • May develop a preference for use of one hand. • Uses thumb and index finger to pick up objects. • Responds to simple verbal commands. • Comprehends the word “no”. • Increased interest in pleasing parents. • Puts arms in front of face to avoid having it washed.

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THE 10TH MONTH • Goes from stomach to sitting position. • Sits by falling down. • Recovers balance easily while sitting. • Lifts one foot to take a step while standing. • Comprehends “bye-bye”. • Says “da-da” or “mama” with meaning. • Says one other word beside “mama” and “da-da” (hi, bye, no, go). • Waves bye-bye. • Object permanence begins to develop. • Repeats actions that attract attention. • Plays interactive games such as pattycake. • Enjoys being read to and follows pictures in books. THE 11TH MONTH • Walks holding on to furniture or other objects. • Places one object after another

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into a container. • Reaches back to pick up an object when sitting. • Explores objects more thoroughly. • Able to manipulate objects out of tight-fitting spaces. • Rolls a ball when asked. • Becomes excited when a task is mastered. • Acts frustrated when restricted. • Shakes head for “no”. THE 12TH MONTH • Walks with one hand held by a helper. • May stand alone and attempt first steps alone. • Sits down from standing position without help. • Attempts to build two-block tower but may fail. • Turns pages in a book. • Follows rapidly moving objects.

• Says three or more words other than “mama” or “da-da." • Comprehends the meaning of several words. • Says the same word repeatedly. • Imitates sounds, such as the sounds dogs and cats make. • Recognizes objects by name. • Understands simple verbal commands. • Shows affection. • Shows independence in familiar surroundings. • Clings to parents in strange situations. • Searches for object where it was last seen.

Milestones

YOUR PREGNANCY

Baby Slept through the night: Smiled: Rolled onto tummy: Rolled onto back: Laughed: Blew a kiss: Sat and played with toy: Waved bye-bye: Held a bottle: Held a cup: Held a toy: Crawled: Danced: Had a haircut: Clapped hands: Made a sound: Walked: Went on an outing: Played peekaboo: Stood alone: Spoke first word: Other unforgettable moments:

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Checkup

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

1 Month

How is your baby sleeping? What position does she sleep in? How often is your baby eating? What are your baby’s bowel movements like?

Does she quiet down, at least briefly, at the sound of your voice? Is your baby awake for longer periods of time? Does she make soft cooing noises when content and alert? Have you noticed anything unusual about your baby’s eyes or the way she looks at things? Is she a little fussier at the end of the day? Are you giving your baby tummy time when she’s awake? Does your baby hold her head up when she’s placed on her tummy? How are you doing? Notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Checkup

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

2 Month

How is your baby sleeping? What position does she sleep in? How often is your baby eating? What are your baby’s bowel movements like?

Does she quiet down, at least briefly, at the sound of your voice? Is your baby awake for longer periods of time? Does she make soft cooing noises when content and alert? Have you noticed anything unusual about your baby’s eyes or the way she looks at things? Does your baby smile? Are you giving your baby tummy time when she’s awake? How is your baby’s head control? How are you doing? Notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Checkup

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

4 Month

How is your baby sleeping? What position does she sleep in? How often is your baby eating? What are your baby’s bowel movements like? Can your baby roll over one way or sit with support? Can your baby do a mini-pushup? What sounds does your baby make?

Have you noticed anything unusual about your baby’s eyes or the way she looks at things? How are your baby’s motor skills? Are you giving your baby tummy time when she’s awake? How is baby’s hearing? How are you doing? Notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Checkup

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

6 Month

How is your baby sleeping? What position does she sleep in? How often is your baby eating? What are your baby’s bowel movements like? Does your baby appear ready for solid food? Can your baby roll over or sit up? Does she make soft cooing noises when content and alert?

Have you noticed anything unusual about your baby’s eyes or the way she looks at things? What sounds does your baby make? Is your baby interested in exploring the world around him or her? How are your baby’s motor skills? How are you doing? Notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Checkup

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

9 Month

How is your baby sleeping? What position does she sleep in? How often and what is your baby eating? What are your baby’s bowel movements like? Is your baby crawling? What does your baby say? Does she make soft cooing noises when content and alert? How does your baby react to strangers? Does your baby point at objects? What games does your baby like to play? How are your baby’s fine motor skills? How are you doing?

Notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Checkup

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

12 Month

How is your baby sleeping? What position does she sleep in? How often and what is your baby eating? What are your baby’s bowel movements like? How many teeth does your baby have? Is your baby pulling up, standing or walking? Does your baby point to objects?

Have you noticed anything unusual about your baby's vision or hearing? What does your baby say? How are your baby’s social skills? How are your baby’s fine motor skills? How are you doing? Notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Tracker

YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY

Vaccination

Hepatitis B Diptheria, Tetanus, Pertussis Haemophilus Influenza Type B Inactivated Poliovirus Measles, Mumps, Rubella Varicella Meningococcal Pneumococcal Influenza Hepatitis A Rotavirus HPV

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yearly

11-12 yrs

4-6 yrs.

24 mos.

18 mos.

15 mos.

12 mos.

6 mos.

4 mos.

2 mos.

1 mo.

Vaccine

Birth

This immunization schedule is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If Youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to try a modified schedule, speak with your pediatrician.

YOUR PREGNANCY

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YOUR PREGNANCY

Photo-journaling &

Professional Photography

new baby is an exciting event both happily and proudly shared

by the proud new parents! You’ll want to record so many precious moments that come and go quickly as baby grows. Have your camera handy and be ready to capture those first smiles and steps. Make lots of notes because it’s surprisingly easy to forget the details. There are some online apps you can use as a guide, plus baby books and journals. Though there are many creative ideas for baby photos online, some special stages and occasions call for a professional.

CAPTURING A GREAT PHOTO AT HOME

HIRING A PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHER

Keep baby safe. Be cautious about placing baby in a precarious position for a photo, such as a chair or bed that may not be secure. Also, be mindful of props that could lead to danger, such as cords or wedges.

Find a photographer who has experience working with mothers, babies and children. Look through their portfolios to see if their creative style matches your ideas and goals. Someone who specializes in maternity, infant and family photography understands that pregnancy is a fragile time and can capture the magic of pregnancy and birth. They can photograph the sweetness and wonder of newborns and baby’s first year and incorporate the father and siblings in a loving and creative fashion.

Keep baby happy. Don’t try to get baby to cooperate with a photo session at nap time or meal time. Wait to pull out your camera until baby is happy and content. Experiment with angles and perspectives. Try getting low or going high for a different perspective. Since baby may be hard to move, move the photographer. Go outside. Take advantage of the natural light and beauty by getting baby outside, weather-permitting. Include siblings and parents. Take turns behind the camera so that baby’s significant family members can share the moment as well.

MOMENTS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHER • A maternity session • A newborn session • A baby session • A birthday session continued on page 93

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YOUR PREGNANCY HEALTHY BABY continued from page 92

8 tips for taking good home photos 1. Make sure the camera is ready and charged. 2. Have a background that highlights your child (a sheet or cloth for those ‘official’ photos) 3. Natural daylight is best. Avoid shadows and bright lights. If outside, take photos early in the day or just before dusk. 4. Frame the photo in advance. 5. Envision what you’re trying to capture, and dress baby appropriately. 6. Point and click – the more photos you take, the better chance of taking a “keeper” photo that will stand the test of time. 7. Get close to your subject and then get closer – keep snapping photos. 8. Capture tiny details of hands, feet, tummies.

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Birthday

YOUR PREGNANCY

Baby's first

Your

baby is turning 1 and that’s worth celebrating! Of course, you want to have a first birthday party in honor of his special day. But how do you plan for such an important occasion? How do you make sure that your baby’s first birthday is a wonderful time for both you and him? Simplify, relax and enjoy this special day. Your baby’s first birthday party is a milestone that comes along only once in his/her life, so cherish every wonderful moment. These top 12 do’s and don’ts will point you in the right direction.

DO keep the birthday party simple. Your baby won’t comprehend what all the fuss is about. This day is for you to enjoy and to celebrate the amazing child that has transformed your life. DON’T struggle over finding the perfect theme for the party. Your 1 year old won’t notice. Next year, he/she may be begging for princesses, trains, robots or animals, but this year you can do whatever makes sense for you. DO make the party short. An hour or so is enough excitement for a 1 year old. Any longer than two hours and he/she might go into celebration overload. DO schedule the birthday party for a time when your baby is less likely to be tired and cranky. If he/she usually takes an early afternoon nap, then a late afternoon party is best. DON’T invite too many people. A room full of strangers crowding around your little one can be overwhelming. Choose close friends and relatives to share this special day. DO have the party at home, if possible. This is the place your baby feels most secure. There will be a lot of activity that day that he/she doesn’t quite understand. So, it’s important for him/her to feel comfortable and safe amid all the strange birthday festivities. DO keep your eyes open for potential dangers. If a balloon pops, make sure you put it in the trash immediately, because it could become a choking hazard.

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continued on page 95

continued from page 94

YOUR PREGNANCY

DON’T serve food that is challenging to eat. Finger foods are best for little ones –and adults like them too! DO have a birthday cake or cupcakes. It is fun for everyone to watch your 1 year old eat his first birthday cake, and it’s a great photo opportunity. Just watch out for your baby and the lit candle. DO consider personalized invitations and favors with your child’s photo. Most of your guests for this birthday party will be adults who have loved and supported you and your baby through the first year. Grandmothers, aunts and other friends and loved ones will be thrilled with a keepsake featuring a picture or pictures of the birthday boy or girl. DON’T forget to take tons of photos and videos. You may be busy and preoccupied with the celebration, but your 1 year old won’t remember the party, so you’ll want to make sure you document every moment. You may want to assign someone this task. A nice tip is to send out photo thankyou notes after the party. DO create a first birthday memory book after the party. This is a great future gift you can give to your child. Take photos of the cake, decorations, guests and of course, the star of the party. You can put these photos in a photo album or make a scrapbook, complete with journaling your thoughts about his special day. Include a page where each guest writes something special to your 1 year old.

Ideas:

Think Today?

What do my parents

Say it in a sentence, say it in a word

Year 1: Year 2: Year 3: Year 4: Year 5: Year 6: Year 7: Year 8: Year 9: Year 10: Year 11: Year 12:

Guest list:

Year 13: Year 14: Year 15: Year 16: Year 17: Year 18: Oh BABY! | 95

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