Looking at the prevention of falls

By Kate Wammes, RN

Editor’s Note: Our monthly series of heath-related columns continues courtesy of the Leamington Area Family Health Team.

Falls are a leading cause of injury among older adults. In fact, more than one out of four older adults fall each year, but less than half will tell their doctor or nurse practitioner. Fall injuries can make it difficult for individuals to get around, do everyday activities, or live on their own.

There are many things that may increase your risk for falls, such as having a history of falls (falling once doubles your chances of falling again), weakness and difficulties with walking or balance.

Some prescribed and over-the-counter medications may also affect your balance.

Health conditions (vision or hearing problems, blood pressure, pain, etc.), foot pain or poor footwear, and home hazards such as broken or uneven steps, throw rugs, cluttered areas, may also increase your chance of a fall.

The good news is that many of these things can be changed or modified to help prevent falls. Below are some simple suggestions you can do to lessen the risk of falls:

1 — Make a list of all of your medications -prescribed and over-the-counter. Ask your doctor, nurse practitioner or pharmacist to review your list to see if any increase your risk for falls.

2 — Get your eyes checked – keep up to date with annual eye appointments and be sure to update your glasses if needed.

3 — Keep moving - exercises like tai chi, water aerobics, and walking can reduce falls by increasing strength, balance, coordination and flexibility. It is best to consult with your doctor before making any changes to your activity.

4 — Wear proper footwear – wear proper fitting, sturdy shoes with non skid soles. Avoid high heels, floppy slippers or shoes, and shoes with slick soles.

5 — Remove household hazards – take a look around your home. Remove clutter from high traffic areas, remove or secure loose rugs, store items in easy to reach areas, use non slip mats in your tub or shower, etc.

6 — Light up your home – use lamps in bedrooms, remove clutter and clear a path to light switches, turn on lights before going up or down stairs, etc.

7 — Use assistive devices – use a cane or walker if needed. Other assistive devices such as hand rails, raised toilet seats, grab bars, or a referral to an Occupational Therapist may be considered to make further recommendations to your home.

8 — Talk with your doctor or nurse practitioner about your risk.