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£25
THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF R
AFRICA
THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICA
R 4 OCTOBER 2013
69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET www.spink.com
LONDON
© Copyright 2013
R
STAMPS COINS BANKNOTES MEDALS BONDS & SHARES AUTOGRAPHS BOOKS WINES
4 OCTOBER 2013 R AFTERNOON SESSION
LONDON
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GROUP CHAIRMAN AND CEO Olivier D. Stocker YOUR SPECIALISTS STAMPS UK - Tim Hirsch Guy Croton David Parsons Nick Startup Neill Granger Paul Mathews Dominic Savastano Tom Smith USA - George Eveleth Richard Debney EUROPE - Guido Craveri Fernando Martínez CHINA - Anna Lee COINS UK - Mike Veissid Paul Dawson Richard Bishop William MacKay Eleanor Charlotte Dix Tim Robson Barbara Mears John Pett USA - Stephen Goldsmith Greg Cole Normand Pepin CHINA - Mark Li BANKNOTES, BONDS & SHARES UK - Barnaby Faull Mike Veissid Andrew Pattison USA - Stephen Goldsmith CHINA - Mark Li ORDERS, DECORATIONS, MEDALS & MILITARIA UK - Mark Quayle Oliver Pepys BOOKS UK - Philip Skingley Jennifer Mulholland AUTOGRAPHS USA - Stephen Goldsmith WINES CHINA - Anna Lee Guillaume Willk-Fabia YOUR EUROPE TEAM (LONDON - LUGANO) Chairman’s Office Monica Kruber Charles Blane Directors Tim Hirsch Anthony Spink Auction & Client Management Team Miroslava Adusei-Poku Eleanor Ball Luca Borgo Rita Ariete Dora Szigeti John Winchcombe Kenichiro Imase María Martínez Maurizio Schenini Finance Alison Bennet Marco Fiori Mina Bhagat Dennis Muriu Billy Tumelty Dean Dowdall IT & Administration Berdia Qamarauli Liz Cones Curlene Spencer Tom Robinson Cristina Dugoni Giacomo Canzi
SALE CALENDAR 2013 STAMPS 10 21 22 22 23 23 24 13 14 14 15 11
September September September October October October October November November November November December
British East Africa and Uganda - The Award Winning Collections of George T. Krieger Stamps and Covers of South East Asia The Japanese Occupation Issues of South East Asia Bermuda - Dr. the Hon. David J. Saul Collection The Award Winning “Medina” Collection of India Part III Important British Empire Revenues The J. B. Bloom Collection of South Africa The Collector’s Series Sale The Robert Marion Collection of Mauritius Stamps and Postal History The “Lionheart” Collection of Great Britain and British Empire - Part II Postal History and Historical Documents Great Britain Stamps and Postal History
London Singapore Singapore London London London London London London London London London
13040 13030 13038 13045 13028 13041 13046 13043 13048 13049 13050 13044
North East Indian Coins from the Nick Rhodes Collection Indian, Islamic, British and Anglo-Gallic Coins and Commemorative Medals World Coins and Commemorative Medals The Collector’s Series Sale Ancient, British & Foreign Coins and Commemorative Medals
London London London New York London
13019 13014 13039 317 13015
World Banknotes The Ibrahim Salem Collection of African Banknotes Banknotes of Bermuda - Dr. the Hon. David J. Saul Collection The Collector’s Series Sale World Banknotes
London London London New York London
13018 13037 13047 317 13034
Orders, Decorations, Campaign Medals & Militaria
London
13003
The Collector’s Series Sale Bonds and Share Certificates of the World Bonds and Share Certificates of the World
New York Lugano London
317 SW1008 13017
The Collector’s Series Sale
New York
317
An Evening of Exceptional Wines
Singapore
SFW03
COINS 24 September 24/25 September 1 October 9/10 October 3 December
BANKNOTES 2/3 October 4 October 4 October 9/10 October 5 December
MEDALS 21 November
BONDS AND SHARES 9/10 October 19/21 October 28 November
YOUR AMERICA TEAM (NEW YORK) Chairman Emeritus John Herzog Auction Administration and Marketing & Design Sonia Alves Luke Mitchell Finance & Administration Sam Qureshi Ingrid Qureshi Auctioneer Stephen Goldsmith
AUTOGRAPHS 9/10 October
WINES 20 September
The above sale dates are subject to change
YOUR ASIA TEAM (HONG KONG - SINGAPORE) Vice Chairman Anna Lee Administration Amy Yung Newton Tsang Raymond Tat Gary Tan
Spink offers the following services: – VALUATIONS FOR INSURANCE AND PROBATE FOR INDIVIDUAL ITEMS OR WHOLE COLLECTIONS – – SALES ON A COMMISSION BASIS EITHER OF INDIVIDUAL PIECES OR WHOLE COLLECTIONS –
Prelims Afternoon session:Layout 1
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THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICA – AFTERNOON SESSION 4 October 2013 in London and on and/or SALE LOCATION
YOUR SPINK TEAM FOR THIS SALE
SPINK LONDON 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury London WC1B 4ET tel +44 (0)20 7563 4000 fax +44 (0)20 7563 4066 Vat No: GB 791627108
FOR YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT THE SALE LOTS
SALE DETAILS Friday 4 October 2013 at 10.00 a.m. - Morning Session Friday 4 October 2013 at 2.00 p.m. - Afternoon Session In sending commission bids or making enquiries, this sale should be referred to as Lumumba - 13037
Barnaby Faull bfaull@spink.com +44 (0)20 7563 4031 Andrew Pattison apattison@spink.com +44 (0)20 7563 4044
FOR YOUR BIDS
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Prelims Afternoon session:Layout 1
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THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICA
ORDER OF SALE - AFTERNOON SESSION Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Portuguese India Rhodesia Rhodesia and Nyasaland Rwanda Rwanda-Burundi Saint Thomas & Prince Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Southern Rhodesia South West Africa Swaziland Tanzania Uganda West African States Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe Zanzibar Zanzibar Presentation Album
WWW.SPINK.COM
453-469 470-482 483-500 501-519 520-526 527 528-536 537-543 544-551 552-556 557-564 565-573 574 575-577 578-595 596-599 600-607 608-613 614-617 618-622 623-626 627-635 636-661 662-671 672-682 683-686 687-688 700
Madagascar The Democratic Republic of Madagascar, an independent member of the French Community located in the Indian Ocean 250 miles (402 km.) off the southeast coast of Africa, has an area of 226,658 sq. mi. (587,041 sq. km.) and a population of 17.39 million. Capital: Antananarivo. The economy is primarily agricultural; large bauxite deposits are presently being developed. Coffee, vanilla, graphite and rice are exported. Diago Diaz, a Portuguese navigator, sighted the island of Madagascar on 10 August 1500, when his ship became separated from an India-bound fleet. Attempts at settlement by the British during the reign of Charles I and by the French during the 17th and 18th centuries were of no avail, and the island became a refuge and supply for Indian Ocean pirates. Despite considerable influence on the island, the British accepted the imposition of a French protectorate in 1886 in return for French recognition of Britain’s sphere of influence in Zanzibar. Madagascar was made a French colony in 1896 after absolute control had been established by military force. Britain occupied the island after the fall of France in 1942, to prevent its seizure by the Japanese, and gave it to the Free French in 1943. On 14 October 1958, following a decade of intermittent but bitter warfare, Madagascar, as the Malagasy Republic, became an autonomous state within the French Community. On June 27, 1960, it became a sovereign independent nation, though remaining nominally within the French Community. The Malagasy Republic was renamed the Democratic Republic of Madagascar in 1976. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held ending 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier Ratsiraka, the leader during the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier Ratsiraka and Marc Ravalomanana, nearly causing secession of half of the country. In April 2002, the High Constitutional Court announced Ravalomanana the winner. Ravalomanana is now in his second term following a landslide victory in the generally free and fair presidential elections of 2006.
RULERS: France to 1960
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 French Franc = 100 Centimes to 1945 1 CFA Franc = 1.70 French Francs, 1945-1948 1 CFA Franc = 2 French Francs, 1948-1959 1 CFA Franc = 0.02 French Franc, 1959-1961 5 Malagasy Francs (F.M.G.) = 1 Ariary, 1961-2003 1 Ariary = 5 Francs, 2003-
W WI Emergency postage stamp-currency issues Due to the savvier shortage of coins caused as WWI impacted, a special decree had been published by the local government on 13 September 1916, approving the issuing of emergency postage stamp-currency; followed by decrees of 15 September and 4 December 1916 and 9 March 1917. Postage stamps of type “filanzane” (filanzane is a chair with four bearers used to transport travelers to Madagascar as appeared on the stamps; Michel stamps catalogue, Madagascar #77, 78, 81, 86, 88, 89; Scott stamps catalogue, Madagascar #82, 84, 91, 102, 109, 113) pasted on rectangular cardboard. Types were as following: Type I: Gray cardboard. Dog on back; value on stamps only. Type II: Gray cardboard. Dog on back; value in numerals at right on back. Type III: Gray cardboard. Dog on back; value on back in numerals at right and in words at left, imprinted separately. Type IV: Gray cardboard. Dog on back; value on back in numerals at right and in words at left, printed simultaneously w/picture. Type V: Like Type IV but cardboard of varnished stock. Type VI: Gray cardboard. Zebu on back. Type VII: Brown cardboard. Zebu on back. Type VIII: Like Type VII but cardboard of varnished stock. Type IX: Gray cardboard. Zebu on back. Value at right in thinner numerals. The Stamp-currency issue included the denominations of 5, 10, 25, 50 centimes (a half franc), 1 and 2 franc currency notes (Pick 4-33D; LeClerc 341-344) and they were in circulation up to 1922.
428
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x453 Emergency Postage Stamp Issues, 10 Centimes, 1916, Issue Type VIII and 10 Centimes, 1916, Type IX, both red and brown, postage stamp mounted on card, porters with sedan chair, townscape in background, reverse bull and value. (Pick 29, 33B), the first about uncirculated, the second toned,
otherwise extremely fine and a rare pair (2) Estimate ÂŁ400-600
www.spink.com
429
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque de Madagascar Banque de Madagascar was created by a decree of 22 December 1925 and started its operations on 5 February 1926; the Madagascar franc was announced to replace the French franc at par; later on at the same year it issued its first banknotes composed of 5, 10, 25, 50, a provisional 100 francs using 1892-3 Banque de France 100 francs (France Pick 65b) overprinted with ‘BANQUE DE MADAGASCAR’ and 1,000 francs (Pick 35-38, 34 and 42; LeClerc 801-812, 815). It should be emphasised that Pick is dating the issuing of the notes wrongly as 1937; indeed the 5 to 50 franc notes were reissued in 1937 but that was their second release; they were released in 1948 as well. In 1933 the 1926 1,000 francs were replaced by a note with a new modern design (Pick 41; LeClerc 816) and in 1937 a regular 100 franc note was put into circulation (Pick 40; LeClerc 813). Although listed wrongly, and for the convenience of the reader, the notes presented here are following the Pick numbering.
430
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x454 Banque de Madagascar, 5 Francs, ND (1937), red-brown on blue and green underprint, Juno head at left, reverse value set in pattern, 1937 type signatures (LeClerc 802); 10 Francs (2), ND, green and blue, woman with fruit basket at right, reverse oxen ploughing, 1937 type and 1948 type signatures(1937 and 1948; LeClerc 804-805). [(Pick 35, 36 (2)], the first good extremely fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (3) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
x455 Banque de Madagascar, 10 Francs, ND (1937), green and blue, woman with fruit basket at right on obverse, reverse oxen ploughing, 1937 type signatures (LeClerc 804); 20 Francs (2), ND (1937), yellow-brown, France and African woman shaking hands at right on obverse, reverse Malagasy man with moustache at left 1937 type signatures (LeClerc 807). [Pick 36, 37 (2)], about uncirculated to
uncirculated (3) Estimate ÂŁ180-240
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431
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x456 Banque de Madagascar, 50 Francs, ND (1948), No. M1010-458, light green and multicoloured, two seated women, the one at left representing Minerva wearing a helmet and holding a shield, the one at the right representing science holding a lit lantern.Reverse:Birds, trees, grapes, three cherubs with flowers, vines & fruit. Bust of Demeter, Greek Goddess of harvest, globes of earth &sky; 1948 type signatures (LeClerc 811). (Pick 38), slightlypressed, otherwise
extremely fine Estimate ÂŁ220-260
x457 Banque de Madagascar, 100 Francs (3), ND (1948), No. A.1381-436, J.1387 and K.1358-654,violet, brown and yellow, carvings, 3 standing Malagasy men with seated woman and outstretched arms child, reverse men with zebu cattle plowing field; 1948 type signatures (LeClerc 814). [Pick 40 (3)], attractive original very fine, the third pressed, otherwise good fine (3) Estimate ÂŁ350-380
432
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x458 Banque de Madagascar, 1,000 Francs, 28 December 1948, No. V.223-659, multicoloured, female allegory of France at left, African woman representing the French colonies at right, reverse maiden at left, youth at right; 1948 type signatures (LeClerc 818). (Pick 41), A beautiful artistic note, extremely fine and very scarce Estimate ÂŁ450-550
www.spink.com
433
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x459 Banque de Madagascar, 1,000 francs, ND (1926), serial number O.4 273, pink, blue and green, allegorical maiden at left and right, Industry and Ceres, cherubs and classical frieze below, value at centre in blue and top left and right, reverse blue and yellow, ornate tableau, Caduceus and cornucopiae at centre; 1926 type signatures (LeClerc 815). (Pick 42), light repair on splits otherwise a handsome and striking good fine and
very rare not only as a type note but also in this grade Estimate ÂŁ4,000-4,500 434
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
W WII and Madagascar In 1940, following France’s surrender to Germany, Madagascar rallied to the Vichy French State. The Allies became worried that the Japanese might use it as a base for submarine operations against Allied shipping in the Indian Ocean. Following a blockade by the Royal Navy, an amphibious assault was launched on 5 May 1942. The Allies’ main landings around Courrier Bay and Ambararata Bay (across the peninsula from Diego Suarez, the main naval base on the northern tip of Madagascar) were unopposed. The French defenders capitulated on 7 May, but the Vichy governor of the island retreated to the south of the island with his forces. Vichy resistance continued until November 1942. The new political change made it difficult to receive a steady supply of banknotes from France and eventually led to the obvious halt of currency to the island, giving rise to a fear that the reserves of local notes would be exhausted, making it impossible to respond to public demand. Thus the measure of local printing was taken and in 1941 the Banque de Madagascar issued an emergency banknote of 1,000 francs to be used in the territory; the note is dated 15 December 1941, printed on poor quality paper with a very simple design; it was signed by the bank’s director and cashier. The note was printed in three issues, each differs by the cashier signatures with a total printing of 288,000 notes. In 1942 a 5,000 franc note was designed dated 30 April 1942, but eventually due to the May 1942 fights and surrender of the island to the Allies in November, it was never issued and known only as specimen.
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435
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x460 Banque de Madagascar, Emergency Issue WW II, 1,000 Francs, 15 December 1941, serial number 131128 at upper centre, serial number 000,128 at lower left, prefix G.6 at lower right, blue-black and brown, two sailing ships, coastal village with thatched huts and palm trees, men rowing ashore in a small boat on obverse,highland coastal village on reverse. Size 210x122 mm. (Pick 43a), ex Mel Stienberg,pinholes, nick at left, otherwise extremely fine and one
of the most extremely rare in this grade Estimate ÂŁ5,000-6,000
436
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x461 Banque de Madagascar, Emergency Issue, specimen 5,000 Francs, Tananarive, 30 April 1942, serial number 000000, dark green on brown paper, Obverse, geometric shapes, silhouettes of two zebu cattel, with and without bird on the back. Reverse Tananarive village with cattle, topless Malagasy woman holding a bunch of fruit at centre, men loading pirogue boat, modern ship, palm trees, baobab tree at left, overprinted Specimen in red on obverse and reverse. (Pick 44s), pinholes, otherwise extremely fine and excessively rare, one that may not be seen again for a longtime Estimate ÂŁ11,000-12,000
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437
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque de Madagascar et des Comores On 26 December 1945 France established the franc of the French colonies of Africa, Colonies françaises d’Afrique franc (CFA), at the rate of CFAF1 = FF 1.70. Madagascar joined the CFA though it continued to use the pre-war banknotes and later reprinted the series in 1948. In 1946, Comoros had become separately administered from Madagascar and formed a united and recognised administrative entity, an Overseas Territory of France (Territoire d’outre-mer or TOM). On 29 March 1950 the Banque de Madagascar’s privilege to issue banknotes had ended and the Banque de Madagascar et des Comores was formed to take its place. On the same year new notes of 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 5,000 francs (Pick 45-49) were introduced.
Banque de Madagascar et des Comores, Moroni, 1955
438
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x462 Banque de Madagascar et des Comores, 50 Francs, ND (195152), No. A.1300-173,brown and multicoloured, woman with hat at right, reverse man; 100 Francs, ND (195152),No. Q.593-377, multicoloured, woman at right, reverse woman, boats and animals; Banque de Madagascar et des Comores, 1,000 Francs, 14 March 1950, No. E.15-054, multicoloured, man and woman at centre left, reverse ox cart. (Pick 45a, 46a, 48a), the first about uncirculated, the second PMG certificate 53 about uncirculated, the third pressed, otherwise good very fine (3) Estimate ÂŁ120-160
x463 Banque de Madagascar et des Comores, specimen 5000 Francs, ND, serial number O.00000000, multicoloured, portrait of Gallieni at upper left, young woman at lower right, reverse huts at left, woman and child at right, perforated SPECIMEN. (Pick 49s), very colourful note about
uncirculated to uncirculated and rare Estimate ÂŁ600-800
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439
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Institut d’Émission Malgache and Banque Centrale de Madagascar Madagascar
gained its independence on 27 June 1960. On 31 December
1961, the privilege to issue bank notes was transferred to the Institut d’Émission Malgache. The CFA franc was replaced by the Malagasy franc on 1 July 1963. It was pegged to the French franc with the same value as the CFA franc (1 FRF = 50 MGF), guaranteed by the French treasury. Denominations were given both in francs and ariary, with 5 francs = 1 ariary. Madagascar left the CFA franc zone in 1972 and the Malagasy franc was declared inconvertible. Banknotes were issued by the Institut d’Émission Malgache until 1974 when the Banque Centrale de Madagascar (Central Bank of Madagascar) took over that function. The peg to the French franc was kept until 1982, when a series of devaluations began. Finally, the franc was floated freely in May 1994. On June 1, 1995, the exchange rate had dropped to 1 FRF = 777 MGF. On January 1, 2005, it was replaced by the ariary at a rate of 5 francs to the ariary. By then, the exchange rate was 1 FRF = 1758 MGF (with the FRF value converted from the Euro).
Joseph Gallieni
440
Philibert Tsiranana
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x464 Institut d’Emission Malgache, a small group comprising 50 Francs = 10 Ariary, ND (1963), multicoloured, woman with hat at right, reverse man; 100 Francs = 20 Ariary, ND (1963) multicoloured, woman at right, reverse woman, boats and animals; 1000 Francs = 200 Ariary, ND (1963), No. M.498-262, multicoloured, woman and man at left centre, reverse oxen and cart; 5,000 Francs = 1000 Ariary, 23 November 1955 (1963) portrait of Gallieni at upper left, young woman at lower right, reverse huts at left, woman and child at right, all overprinted “INSTITUT D’EMISSION MALGACHE” in black on obverse. (Pick 51a, 52, 54, 55), the first about uncirculated to uncirculated, the second extremely fine, the third stains, otherwise good very fine, the forth pressed, nicks in lower margin, otherwise very fine (4) Estimate £500-700 www.spink.com
441
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x465 Institutd’ Emission Malgache, 1,000 Francs = 200 Ariary, ND (1963), multicoloured, President Tsiranana at centre, reverse ox cart. (Pick 56b), very good to fine, Estimate £200-300
442
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x466 Institut d’Emission Malgache, a small group comprising 100 Francs = 20 Ariary, ND (1966), multicoloured, three women at left, reverse baobab trees; 1,000 Francs = 200 Ariary, ND (1966), multicoloured, man and woman at left, reverse ox cart; 5,000 Francs = 1,000 Ariary, ND (1966) President Tsiranana at left, field workers at right, reverse woman, boy and landscape, 50 Francs = 10 Ariary, ND (1969), multicoloured, woman with hat at right, reverse man. (Pick 57a, 59a, 60 and 61), the first uncirculated, the second good extremely fine, the third two splits and staining, otherwise fine and very scarce in this grade, the forth PMG certificate 40 extremely fine (4) Estimate £400-600
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443
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x467 Banque Centrale de la Republique Malagache, a group of the ND (1974) Issue, comprising 50 Francs, purple, young man at right; 100 Francs, brown, old man at right; 500 Francs, green, young woman at right; 1,000 Francs, blue, man in hat at right; 5,000 Francs, red, young woman at right; also Banky Foiben’ IMadagasikara, a group of the ND (1983-93) Issues comprising 500 Francs, brown and red, boy with fish; 1000 Francs (3), purple, man playing flute; 2,500 Francs, red, woman at centre; 5,000 Francs (2), blue, woman and child; 10,000 Francs, green, girl at centre; 5,000 Francs, olive-brown, old man and map. [Pick 62a, 63a, 64a, 65a, 66a, 71a, 68a (2), 72, 72A, 69a, 73, 74, 74A],
the third extremely fine, the fourth good very fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (14) Estimate ÂŁ100-140
444
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x468 Banky Foiben’I Madagasikara, a group of the ND (1994-98) Issues, comprising 500 Francs (2), signatures 4 and 5, brown and green, girl at right; 1000 Francs (2), signatures 4 and 5, blue and brown, youth at right; 5,000 Francs (2), signatures 4 and 5, purple and brown, youth at right; 10,000 Francs (2), signatures 4 and 5, brown and tan, old man at right; 2,500 Francs, multicoloured, woman at right; 25,000 Francs, multicoloured, mother and child. [(Pick 75a, 75b, 76a, 76b, 78a, 78b, 79a, 79b, 81, 82], about uncirculated to
uncirculated (10) Estimate ÂŁ40-60
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445
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x469 Banky Foiben’I Madagasikara, a group of the ND (2003-2007) issues comprising 2000 Ariary, ND (2003), 10,000 Ariary, green, palace at left ND (2003); 100 Ariary, blue, plants and rocks; 200 Ariary, green, village entrance; 500 Ariary, tan, man weaving; 1,000 Ariary, purple, lemur, all ND (2004), 2,000 Ariary, ND (2006), 5,000 Ariary ND (2006) (2), and 2,000 Ariary, ND (2007), commemorative (2). [(Pick 83, 85, 86a, 87a, 88a, 89a, 90a, 91b (2), 93a (2)], about uncirculated to
uncirculated (11) Estimate £40-60
446
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Malawi The Republic of Malawi (formerly Nyasaland), located in southeastern Africa to the west of Lake Malawi (Nyasa), has an area of 45,747 sq. mi. (118,484 sq. km.) and a population of 10.98 million. Capital: Lilongwe. The economy is predominantly agricultural. Tobacco, tea, peanuts and cotton are exported. Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland, on 6 July 1964, Nyasaland became independent from British rule and renamed itself MalaĹľi. Upon gaining independence, MalaĹľi became a singleparty state under the presidency of Hastings Kamuzu Banda, who remained president until 1994, when he was ousted from power; the country held multiparty elections in 1994, under a provisional constitution that came into full effect the following year. Current President Bingu wa Mitharika, elected in May 2004 after a failed attempt by the previous president to amend the constitution to permit another term, struggled to assert his authority against his predecessor and subsequently started his own party, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) in 2005. As president, Mutharika has overseen substantial economic improvement but because of political deadlock in the legislature, his minority party has been unable to pass significant legislation, and anti-corruption measures have stalled. Population growth, increasing pressure on agricultural lands, corruption, and the spread of HIV/AIDS pose major problems for Malawi. RULERS: British to 1964 MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1971 1 Kwacha = 100 Tambala 1
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Reserve Bank of Malawi The Reserve Bank of Malawi was established under an Act of Parliament in July 1964 and started its operations in June, 1965 in Blantyre. It replaced a branch of the Federal Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland founded to serve as a central bank of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. the Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound was replaced by the Malaŵian pound in 1964 at par. The first series of notes dated 1964 and issued by the Reserve Bank of Malawi consists of the denominations 5 and 10 shillings, as well as 1 and 5 pounds (Pick 1-4 and later on Pick 1A-3A). The pound was replaced by the kwacha (divided to 100 tambala) in 1971, at a rate of 2 kwacha = 1 pound. The first banknotes introduced in 1971 were 50 Tambala, K1, K2 and K10 (Pick 5-8). In 1973, the K2 banknote was discontinued and a K5 banknote (Pick 11) was introduced. K20 banknotes were introduced ten years later in 1983. Another ten years later, in 1993, the K50 and K100 banknotes were introduced. The K200 banknote was introduced in 1995 followed by the K500 banknote in 2001. Since 1971, higher value kwacha denominations have progressively been introduced without necessarily reviewing the series in terms of technological banknote design trends, financial implications of banknote procurement, economic developments and historical aspects among others. Kamuzu Banda portrait appears on the front of all notes issued during his three decades in office, with scenes on the back emphasizing agriculture’s great importance to Malaŵi’s economy. Notes during his presidency also carry watermarks (and later registration devices) of a rooster, the symbol of Banda’s Malaŵi Congress Party.
Hastings Banda
448
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x470 Reserve Bank of Malawi, an obverse and reverse composite essay on board for a 10 shillings, law of 1964, serial number 123456, purple and multicoloured, Doctor Hastings Banda at left, fishermen in canoe at centre, without signature, reverse purple, farmers in a tobacco field, value top left and right. (Pick 2A for subsequent issue), unique (2) Estimate £350-400
x471 Reserve Bank of Malawi, an obverse and reverse composite essay on board for a £1, law of 1964, serial number 123456, green and multicoloured, Doctor Hastings Banda at left, fishermen in canoe at centre, value low centre and at each corner, reverse green, farmers picking cotton, value at left and right. (Pick 3A for subsequent issue), unique (2) Estimate £400-450
www.spink.com
449
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x472 Reserve Bank of Malawi, colour trial 10 shillings, ND (1964), blue-grey and multicoloured, Doctor Hastings Banda at left, fishermen in canoe at right, reverse blue-grey, workers in a tobacco field, value at top. (Pick 2ct), perforated, red SPECIMEN
overprint, uncirculated and rare Estimate £200-250
x473 Reserve Bank of Malawi, colour trial £1, ND (1964), red and multicoloured, Doctor Hastings Banda at left, fishermen in canoe at right, reverse blue-grey, workers picking cotton, value at low centre and top left and right. (Pick 3ct), perforated, black SPECIMEN
overprint, uncirculated and rare Estimate £350-400
450
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x474 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the Law of 1964 Issues, all with Dr Hastings Banda at left, fishing boat at right, comprising 5 Shillings, No. D 305484, first issue, blue-grey on multicoloured underprint, reverse arms; 10 Shillings,No.G 669361, second issue, brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse tobacco field; £1,No.C 646001, first issue, green on multicoloured underprint, reverse cotton picking; £5,No. A 940047, blue and brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse tea picking, blue colour.. (Pick 1, 2A, 3, 4), the last fine, the
remainder uncirculated (4) Estimate £350-450
x475 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the Law of 1964 (1971) Issues, all with Dr Hastings Banda at left, fishing boat at right, comprising 50 Tambala, No. D 399374, blue-grey on multicoloured underprint, reverse Independence Arch in Blantyre; 1 Kwacha,No.C 652057, brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse tobacco field; 2 Kwacha,No. A 500142, green on multicoloured underprint, reverse three men picking cotton. (Pick 5a, 6a, 7), ex Mel Stienberg,
the first extremely fine, the remainder uncirculated and a very scarce group (3) Estimate £400-600
www.spink.com
451
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x476 Reserve Bank of Malawi, specimen 10 Kwacha, Law of 1964 (1971), blue and brown on multicoloured underprint, Dr Hastings Banda at left, fishermen on Lake Malawi at right, reverse tea picking below Mount Mulanje, overprinted diagonal SPECIMEN in red on obverse and reverse, two punch holes, also No. 31 printed on the reverse upper left margin. (Pick 8s), uncirculated and very scarce Estimate ÂŁ350-450
x477 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the 1973-1978 Issues, all with Dr Hastings Banda at right, three men with fishing boat and net in a small boat on lake Malawi at sunrise at centre, crowned with palm tree frond on obverse , comprising 50 Tambala, ND (1973), No. A 288602, blue-grey on multicoloured underprint, reverse sugar cane harvesting; One Kwacha, 31 January 1976, No. 4/A 856137, brown on multicolouredunderprint, reverse tobacco harvesting worker; 1 Kwacha, 31 January 1976, brown, No. P/P 774970, reverse tea picking; 5 Kwacha, 1 July 1978, No. D/D 979977, red on multicoloured underprint, reverse two men cultivating tobacco. (Pick 9a, 10c, 13a, 14a, 15b), the first
two are ex Mel Stienberg, the Pick 10c good very fine, the remainder uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ250-350
452
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x478 Reserve Bank of Malawi, 10 Kwacha, 1 January 1983, No. M/M 351785, blue and brown on multicoloured underprint, Dr Hastings Banda at right, fishermen on Lake Malawi at left, reverse capital building, Lilongwe. (Pick 16e), uncirculated, scarce Estimate ÂŁ220-250
x479 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the 1986 Issue, all with Dr Hastings Banda at right, fishing boat at left, comprising 50 Tambala (2), F/I 358079 & F/I 362890, 1 March 1986, blue-grey and multicoloured, reverse corn picking; 1 Kwacha, 1 March 1988,No. G/29 730976, brown and multicoloured, reverse tobacco plantation worker; 5 Kwacha, 1 April 1988, No. J/13 213610, red and multicoloured, reverse university of Malawi, Lilongwe; 10 Kwacha, 1 April 1988, blue, No. M/17 432821, brown-dark blue and multicoloured, reverse Capitol building with Malawi flag in Lilongwe; 20 Kwacha, 1 April 1988, No. P/4 445161,green and multicoloured, reverse Kamuzu international airport. [(Pick 18 (2), 19a, 20b, 21b, 22b],
about uncirculated to uncirculated (6) Estimate ÂŁ120-140
www.spink.com
453
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x480 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the 1990 and 1993 Issues, all with Dr Hastings Banda at right, rooster as registration device, palm tree, man with pole on dugout canoe on lake Malawi at left, comprising 1 Kwacha, 1 May 1992, red-brown, reverse plantation worker; 5 Kwacha (2), 1 December 1990, 1 January1994, red, reverse Lilongwe; 10 Kwacha, 1 January 1994, blue, reverse Lilongwe; 20 Kwacha (3), 1 September 1990 (2), 1 July 1993, green, reverse Kamuzu airport; 50 Kwacha, 1 June 1990, purple, reverse Independence Arch; 100 Kwacha, 1 April 1993, blue, reverse maize silos. [(Pick 23b, 24a, 24b, 25c, 26 (2), 27, 28a, 29a], one copy of Pick 26
good extremely fine, the remainder uncirculated (9) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
454
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x481 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the 1 June 1995 Issue, all with President Elsone Bakili Muluzi at right, spoonbill bird, sunburst, fish as registration device, man with pole on dugout canoe on lake Malawi, comprising 5 Kwacha, red, 10 Kwacha, blue-green, 20 Kwacha (2), deep green; 50 Kwacha, purple; a group of the 1997 issue, all with John Chilembwe at right, fish as registration device, three men with fishing boat and net in a small boat on lake Malawi, comprising 5 Kwacha (2), 1 July 1997, 1 March 2004, green; 10 Kwacha, 1 July 1997, brown; 20 Kwacha, 1 July 1997, purple; 50 Kwacha, 1 July 1997, aqua; 100 Kwacha, 1 July 1997, red; 200 Kwacha, 1 July 1997, grey-blue. [Pick 30, 31, 32 (2), 33, 36a, 36b, 37, 38a, 39, 40, 41], about uncirculated to
uncirculated (13) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
www.spink.com
455
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x482 Reserve Bank of Malawi, a group of the 2001-2005 issues 10 Kwacha, 1 January 2003, brown; 20 Kwacha, 1 October 2001, purple; 50 Kwacha, 1 October 2001, aqua; 100 Kwacha, 1 October 2001, red; 200 Kwacha, 1 July 2001, grey-blue; 500 Kwacha (5), 1 December 2001 (2), 1 June 2003 (2), 1 November 2005, multicoloured; also 50 Kwacha, 6 July 2004, green, commemorative issue of forty years of independence, (1964-2004). [Pick 43a, 44a, 45a, 46a, 47a, 48a (2), 48Aa (2), 49, 56a], about uncirculated
to uncirculated (10) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
456
www.spink.com
Mali The Republic of Mali, a landlocked country in the interior of West Africa southwest of Algeria, has an area of 478,764 sq. mi. (1,240,000 sq. km.) and a population of 12.56 million. Capital: Bamako. Livestock, fish, cotton and peanuts are exported. Malians are descendants of the ancient Malinke Kingdom of Mali that controlled the middle Niger from the 11th to the 17th centuries. The French penetrated the Sudan (now Mali) about 1880, and established their rule in 1898 after subduing fierce native resistance. In 1904 the area became the colony of Upper Senegal-Niger (changed to French Sudan in 1920), and became part of the French Union in 1946. In 1958 French Sudan became the Sudanese Republic with complete internal autonomy. Senegal joined with the Sudanese Republic in 1959 to form the Mali Federation which, in 1960, became a fully independent member of the French Community. Upon Senegal’s subsequent withdrawal from the Federation, the Sudanese, on Sept. 22, 1960, proclaimed their nation the fully independent Republic of Mali and severed all ties with France. Mali seceded from the African Financial Community in 1962, then rejoined in 1984. Issues specially marked with letter D for Mali were made by the Banque des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest. See also French West Africa, and West African States.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Franc = 100 Centimes
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque de la Republique du Mali and Banque Centrale du Mali Banque de la Republique du Mali was established under an Act of Parliament on 1 July 1962; the Mali franc replaced the Colonies françaises d’Afrique franc (CFA) at par. Notes of 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 5000 were introduced in late 1962, early 1963 (Pick 1-5) all dated 22 September 1960, the independence date. A second issue with new designs was issued in 1967 (Pick 5-9) in the same denominations as the previous series. Following Modibo Keita’s overthrow on 19 November 1968, the Banque Centrale du Mali was established, and took over note production with the 1971 introduction of a third series of 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10,000 francs notes. In 1984, Mali readopted the CFA franc, with 2 Mali francs = 1 CFA franc.
Modibo Ke’ita
458
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x483 Banque de la Republique du Mali, 50 Francs, No. E50-085798, purple and multicoloured, President Modibo Ke’ita at left, fruit hanging from branch at right on obverse, Sankore mosque in Timbuktu on reverse village; 100 Francs, No. D18-285123, brown and multicoloured, Keita at left, reverse cattle, both dated 22 September 1960. (Pick 1, 2), the first uncirculated, the second about uncirculated, the third about fine Estimate £250-300
x484 Banque de la Republique du Mali, a group of the 22 September 1960 First Issue, all Keita at left, comprising 100 Francs No. D19-346769, BROWN; 500 Francs, No. F34-068128, red and multicoloured, reverse woman and tent; 1,000 Francs, No. A 12-136491, blue and multicoloured, reverse man and huts; 5000 Francs,No. C 18-008063, green and multicoloured, reverse market and building. (Pick 2, 3, 4, 5), the first about fine, the second extremely fine, the third about fine, the 500 Francs rare (4) Estimate £400-450
www.spink.com
459
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x485 Banque de la Republique du Mali, specimen 50 Francs,No. A 000000 purple and multicoloured, Keita at right, dam on Niger river on the left on obverse, Djinguereber mosque in Timbuktu and woman with jewellery on reverse purple colour, PMG 64; 100 Francs,No A 000000 brown and multicoloured, Keita at right, two earth moving scrapers at centre on obverse, old man with turban at right, woman with a child, man with pole in long boat, PMG 64, both dated 22 September, and overprinted SPECIMEN in red with two De La Rue Specimen ovals on obverse and reverse, two punch holes. (Pick 6s, 7s), mounting traces, otherwise uncirculated (2) Estimate ÂŁ150-200 x486 Banque de la Republique du Mali, specimen 500 Francs, 22 September 1960, serial number A000000, green and multicoloured, Keita at right, Abattoir de Bamako at centre on obverse, reverse longhorn cattle, PMG 63, overprinted SPECIMEN in red with two De La Rue Specimen ovals on obverse and reverse, two punch holes. (Pick 8s), mounting traces, otherwise
uncirculated and scarce Estimate ÂŁ200-250
460
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x487 Banque de la Republique du Mali, specimen 1000 Francs, 22 September 1960, serial number A000000, blue and multicoloured, Keita at right, Banque de la Republique du Mali at centre on obverse, great mosque in Djenne’ on reverse, PMG 63, overprinted SPECIMEN in red with two De La Rue Specimen ovals on obverse and reverse, two punch holes. (Pick 9s), mounting traces, otherwise
uncirculated and very scarce Estimate £350-450
x488 Banque de la Republique du Mali, specimen 5,000 Francs, 22 September 1960, serial number A000000, red and multicoloured, Keita at right, two farmers ploughing with team of oxen on obverse, Le Marche’ Rose (Pink Market) building in Bamako on reverse. PMG 63, overprinted SPECIMEN in red with two De La Rue Specimen ovals on obverse and reverse, two punch holes. (Pick 10s), mounting traces, otherwise uncirculated and very scarce Estimate £300-400
www.spink.com
461
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x489 Banque de la Republique du Mali, a group comprising 50 Francs, No. B 1302179, purple and multicoloured, Keita at right, reverse woman and village; 500 Francs,No. E 329927, green and multicoloured, Keita at right, reverse longhorn cattle; 5000 Francs, No. A 471822, red and multicoloured, Keita at right, reverse market and building, all dated 22 September 1960. (Pick 6, 8, 10), the first very fine, the
second and third fine, the fourth very good to fine (3) Estimate ÂŁ280-350
x490 Banque de la Republique du Mali, 50 Francs, No. Y 688673,purple and multicoloured, Keita at right, dam on Niger river on the left on obverse, Djinguereber mosque in Timbuktu and woman with jewellery on reverse purple colour; 100 Francs, No. E 770877, brown and multicoloured, Keita at right, two earth moving scrapers at centre on obverse, old man with turban at right, woman with a child, man with pole in long boat on reverse. Both dated 22 September 1960. (Pick 6, 7), the first pressed, otherwise
about uncirculated, the second good very fine (2) Estimate ÂŁ200-250
462
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x491 Banque de la Republique du Mali, 500 Francs, 22 September 1960, No. H248447, green and multicoloured, Keita at right, Abattoir de Bamako at centre on obverse, reverse longhorn cattle. (Pick 8), two pinholes, otherwise fresh
good extremely fine, scarce Estimate £150-200
x492 Banque de la Republique du Mali, 1,000 Francs, 22 September 1960, serial number H690689, blue and multicoloured, Keita at right, Banque de la Republique du Mali at centre on obverse, great mosque in Djenne’ on reverse. (Pick 9), very fine and very scarce Estimate £250-350
www.spink.com
463
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x493 Banque de la Republique du Mali, 5000 Francs, 22 September 1960, serial number A415223, red and multicoloured, Keita at right,, two farmers ploughing with team of oxen on obverse, Le Marche’ Rose (Pink Market) building in Bamako on reverse. (Pick10), three pinholes, otherwise very fine and very scarce Estimate £250-350
x494 Banque Centrale du Mali, 100 Francs, ND, (1972-73),No. Z2- 77223, brown and multicoloured, Tuareg woman, bridge at left, hotelde L’ Amitie building in Bamako at right, Bozo woman, long boats with goods, Niger river, village on reverse, multicoloured; 500 Francs, ND, 1973-84, No. E19- 93161, brown-green and multicoloured, soldier at left, tractors at right, reverse men and camels, signature 8. (Pick 11, 12e), nice artistic colourful
notes,uncirculated (2) Estimate £150-200
464
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x495 Banque Centrale du Mali, 1,000 Francs (5), ND, (1970-84), all brownblue and multicoloured, Sotuba dam hydropower plant on the Niger river with Goatee on obverse; wooden mask, Dongon mountain village, trees onreverse. Signatures 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. (Pick13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e), the first pressed, otherwise good extremely fine, the remainder uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ200-250
x496 Banque Centrale du Mali, 5,000 Francs, ND, (1972-84),No J1- 22343, blue- brown and multicoloured, Fulani herdsman with turban at right, cattle at left colourful patterned frame all around the obverse, Boughani women and picking cotton and working in textile machinery on obverse, signature 4; 10,000 Francs, ND, (1970-84), No. C2- 37620, greenbrown multicoloured, man with goatee at left, factory with smokestack; trees, all framed with a colourful pattern on obverse, man weaving with loom, woman with headscarf and jewellery, signature 5. (Pick 14a, 15c), the first pressed,
otherwise good very fine, the second about extremely fine, very scarce and considered as the most attractive notes in Mali, signature varieties (2) Estimate ÂŁ250-300
www.spink.com
465
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x497 Banque Centrale du Mali, 5,000 Francs, ND, (1972-84),No. K.3- 68505, blue-brown and multicoloured, Fulani herdsman with turban at right, cattle at left colourful patterned frame all around the obverse, Boughani women picking cotton and working in textile machinery on obverse, signature 5. (Pick 14b), uncirculated and very scarce Estimate ÂŁ300-350
x498 Banque Centrale du Mali, 5000 Francs, ND, (1972-84),No. N.8- 16322, blue-brown and multicoloured, Fulani herdsman with turban at right, cattle at left colourful patterned frame all around the obverse, Boughani women picking cotton and working in textile machinery on obverse, signature 8. (Pick 14e), uncirculated and very scarce Estimate ÂŁ280-350
466
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x499 Banque Centrale du Mali, 10,000 Francs, ND, (1970-84), No. K.129106, green-brown multicoloured, man with goatee at left, factory with smokestack; trees, all framed with a colourful pattern on obverse, man weaving with loom, woman with headscarf and jewellery, signature 3. (Pick 15a), beautiful note, pencil figure lower right, otherwise uncirculated
and a rare signature variety Estimate ÂŁ700-900 www.spink.com
467
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x500 Banque Centrale du Mali, 10,000 Francs, ND, (1970-84), No. O.6- 59588, green-brown multicoloured, man with goatee at left, factory with smokestack; trees, all framed with a colourful pattern on obverse, man weaving with loom, woman with headscarf and jewellery, signature 8. (Pick 15f), an amazing colourful note, about uncirculated to uncirculated and very scarce Estimate ÂŁ400-500 468
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Mauritius The island of Mauritius, a member of the British Commonwealth located in the Indian Ocean 500 miles (805 km.) east of Madagascar, has an area of 790 sq. mi. (2,045 sq. km.) and a population of 1.18 million. Capital: Port Louis. Sugar provides 90 percent of the export revenue. Cartographic evidence indicates that Arabs and Malays arrived at Mauritius during the Middle Ages. Domingo Fernandez, a Portuguese navigator, visited the island in the early 16th century, but Portugal made no attempt at settlement. The Dutch took possession, and named the island, in 1598 in honor of Prince Maurits van Nassau. Their colony failed to prosper and was abandoned in 1710. The French assumed control in 1715, developing the island into an important naval base overseeing Indian Ocean trade, and establishing a plantation economy of sugar cane, developed a strong and prosperous colony that endured until the island was captured by the British in 1810, during the Napoleonic Wars. British possession was confirmed by the Treaty of Paris, 1814. Mauritius remained a strategically important British naval base, and later an air station, playing an important role during World War II for anti-submarine and convoy operations, as well as the collection of signals intelligence. Mauritius became independent on March 12, 1968, with Elizabeth II as Head of State as Queen of Mauritius. Mauritius became a Republic on 12 March 1992, with a President as Head of State.
RULERS: Netherlands 1598-1710 France 1715-1810 British 1810-1968
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Crown = 5 Shillings 1 Crown = 10 Mauritius Livres (provisional period 1810-4) 1 Pound = 4 Crowns 1 Pound = 5 Dollars to 1848 1 Rupee = 100 Cents, 1848-
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Government of Mauritius, Commissioners of Currency In 1848 the Government of Mauritius established the Currency Commissioners of Mauritius which issued rupee notes up to 1866 (Pick 8-9). In that year it was rearranged as Commissioners of Currency issuing pound/dollar notes (Pick 10-12A). In December 1876 the new rupee notes were issued and they were in the same form until 1930 and were all printed by De La Rue on white (Rs 50; Pick 15, 18), pink (Rs 10; Pick 14, 17) and yellow-brown (Rs 5; Pick 13, 16) watermarked paper, the rupee value being inscribed in three languages: English, Tamil and Hindi, both in letters and in numerals. The watermark was the same as for the previous sterling issue, except that the value in numerals at right was indicated in Tamil and Hindi, the former on top of the latter. A 1 rupee note was issued in 1919 in a modern design and to satisfy demand for small denominations.
x501 Government of Mauritius, 5 rupees, Port Loius, 1 October 1916, serial number A 521102, black text on olive paper,uniface, arms top centre, two printed signatures below, reverse blank. (Pick 16), ex Mel Steinberg, thinned at
center thus VG, scarce Estimate ÂŁ250-300
470
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x502 Government of Mauritius, 10 rupees, Port Loius, 1 July 1924, serial number A 428357, black text on pink paper,uniface, arms top centre, two printed signatures below, reverse blank. (Pick 17), ex Mel Steinberg,some thinning and annotation on reverse in Chinese,otherwise very fine thus quite rare Estimate ÂŁ1,200-1,400
x503 Government of Mauritius, 1 rupee, Port Louis, 1 July 1919, serial number A/6 94814, green and brown, mountain and coastline and ship at right, value in brown panel at left, reverse blank. (Pick 19), the first is ex Mel Steinberg,rust hole top right otherwise very fine Estimate ÂŁ300-350
www.spink.com
471
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Government of Mauritius, Monarchs series In 1934 the Government decided to replace the former notes by entirely new and more attractive Rs.5 (Pick 20) and Rs.10 (Pick 21) notes, ordered from Waterlow & Sons. The Rs 5 note printed in deep blue, pale blue and ocher on white paper, bears a smaller portrait of the King in the medallion at right, the coat of arms being placed at left, while the “caravel” watermark. The Rs 10 note printed in deep brown, pink and yellow-green on white paper, shows the portrait of King George V in a medallion at right, the coat of arms of Mauritius in the center with the value indicated as usual in English, Tamil and Hindi, while the watermark, reproducing a caravel similar to that represented in the coat of arms, shows through the white medallion at left; the notes were undated. In November 1936 Rs.1,000 were placed into circulation, restricted only to banking transactions (Pick NL). In 1937 new notes of Rs.5 (Pick 22) and Rs.10 (Pick 23) were issued, identical to the previous but bearing the portrait of King George VI. In 1942 Rs.1,000 were issued, restricted only to banking transactions (Pick NL).
x504 Government of Mauritius, 10 rupees, Port Loius, ND (1930), serial number A 055647, brown text on pink and green background, King George V at right, arms at centre, reverse brown and white, bank title and value. (Pick 21), ex Mel Steinberg, very fine and scarcein any condition Estimate £1,000-1,200
472
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x505 Government of Mauritius, 5 rupees, Port Loius, ND (1937), serial number M572348, 1 October 1916, serial number A 521102, blue and pale pink and white, George VI at right, arms at left, reverse blue and white, bank title and value. (Pick 22), ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated
thus scarce Estimate ÂŁ800-900
x506 Government of Mauritius, 10 rupees, Port Loius, ND (1937), serial number A 471587, brown on green and pink, George VI at right, arms at left, Chamberlain and Ramsden signatures, reverse brown and white, bank title and value. (Pick 23a), ex Mel Steinberg, very fine and scarce Estimate ÂŁ500-600
www.spink.com
473
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
W WII issue WWII caused tremendous demand for silver coins which were hoarded by the public. In November 1941, the Government approved the issuing of a provisional emergency 1 rupee note (Pick 26A) printed on partial reverse side of 1930 Rs.10 (Pick 17); the note was released on 27 March 1942. Meanwhile notes of 25 and 50 cents as well as 1 rupee were ordered from Thomas De La Rue; when British hold over Africa and Indian Ocean routes grew rapidly within the East Africa campaigns, the notes arrived from Britain and were placed into circulation on 29 September 1943 in place of the silver coins of that value (Pick 24-26; Pick wrongly placed the notes before the provisional 1 rupee and incorrectly dated them as 1940 instead of 1943).
x507 Government of Mauritius, 25 cents, Port Loius, ND (1943), serial number B 391042, blue and pale lilac and white, George VI at right, arms at left, Chamberlain and Rich signatures, reverse blank. (Pick 24c), ex Mel Steinberg, about
uncirculated thus scarce Estimate ÂŁ400-500
474
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x508 Government of Mauritius, 50 cents, Port Loius, ND (1943), serial number B 068007, purple and pale lilac and white, George VI at right, arms at left, Chamberlain and Rich signatures, reverse blank. (Pick 25c), ex Mel Steinberg, about
uncirculated thus scarce Estimate ÂŁ800-900
x509 Government of Mauritius, 1 rupee, ND (1940), No. E 748,220, King George VI at left, green obverse, green and pink with the name: The Government of Mauritius at centre on reverse. (Pick 26), poor Estimate ÂŁ50-80
www.spink.com
475
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Post W WII issue In 1953 new series was ordered from Bradbury Wilkinson with the portrasit of Queen Elizabeth II. The notes were in an entirely different design than the 1930 and 1937 issues and included 5, 10, Rs. 25 notes (Pick 27-29) as well as Rs.1000 (Pick 29A), restricted only to banking transactions.Â
x510 Government of Mauritius, an obverse and reverse uniface die proof 5 rupees, ND (ca 1954), black and white, Elizabeth II at right, mountain and coastline at left, reverse black and white, amrs at centre. (Pick 27 for type), uncirculated and rare (2) Estimate ÂŁ500-600 476
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x511 Government 0f Mauritis, 5 rupees, ND (1954), serial number K 960374, blue and lilac, Elizabeth II at right, mountain and coastline at left, Wilson and Hervais signatures low centre, reverse blue and white, arms at centre. (Pick 27), ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated Estimate £300-350
x512 Government of Mauritius, 10 rupees, ND (1954), serial number A 860957, plum red and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, shoreline low centre, reverse pink-red and white, arms at centre, value low left and right. (Pick 28), a solid and original good very
fine and the ‘plum red’ scarce Estimate £450-550
www.spink.com
477
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x513 Government of Mauritius, a partially hand executed essay on board for a 25 rupees, Port Louis, ND (c. 1950s), serial number A 000000, blue, lilac and cream, tree and Government building at left, Elizabeth II at right, two signatures below. This incredible essay is made by Thomas De La Rue while the actual notes were eventually printed by Bradbury Wilkinson. It can be concluded that execution of suggested designs was carried by several printing and engraving firms until final contract; apparently a similar guideline concerning design of each denomination was given to each contract candidates as the discussed design including the Government House as the actual note. (Pick unrecorded design), some slight glue traces, the portrait as on the
East African series, unique, a lovely essay Estimate ÂŁ3,800-4,200 478
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x514 Government of Mauritius, colour trial 25 rupees, ND (1954), no serial numbers, brown and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, Government house low centre, reverse brown and white, arms at centre, value low left and right. (Pick 29ct), perforated, red SPECIMEN
overprint, uncirculated and rare and attractive Estimate ÂŁ1,600-2,000
x515 Government 0f Mauritis, 25 rupees, ND (1954), serial number A734633, green and pink, Elizabeth II at right, Government House low centre, reverse green and white, arms at centre.
lightly pressed, almost extremely fine, scarce
(Pick
29),
Estimate ÂŁ2,500-2,800
www.spink.com
479
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank of Mauritius When Mauritius gained its independence within the British Commonwealth, the new Government established the Bank of Mauritius in September 1967 as the Central Bank of the country. It was modelled on the Bank of England and was, in effect, set up with the assistance of senior officers of the Bank of England. The bank released its first series during 1968 comprising four denominations: 5, 10, 25, and 50 rupees (Pick 30-33), all undated and featuring a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II on front, which was in fact the Queen of Msuritius. In 1985 Mauritius became a republic and new notes were introduced accordingly with national landscapes and portraits.
x516 Bank of Mauritius, 5 rupee, blue,No. A/49 468598, 10 rupee, red,No. A/42 527614, 25 rupee, green, No. A/6 542879, and 50 rupees, violet, No. A/6 002812, all ND (1967), all Elizabeth II at rightwearing ceremonial dress of the order of the Greater, arms in field on obverse, Bunwaree and Ramphul signatures; Reverses in order: blue and white, mountain, memorial celebration 550th anniversary of Dutch landing, sail boat in Grand port harbor; Red and white, government house building with flag & statues of Queen Victoria & William Stevenson in Port Louis; green and white, trees, man with lumber in ox-drawn cart, troismamelles (three treats) mountains; oil tank, ships in port Louis harbor, mountains. (Pick 30c-33c), uncirculated (4) Estimate ÂŁ200-220 480
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x517 Bank of Mauritius, 5 rupees (2), brown, 10 rupees, green, 20 rupees, blue, 50 rupees, blue and pink, 100 rupees, red, all Government House at right, all ND (ca 1985). (Pick 34 (2), 35b, 36, 37b, 38), extremely fine to uncirculated, (6) Estimate ÂŁ50-60
www.spink.com
481
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
The 1998 series language crises On 30 October 1998 a new series of seven bank notes was issued (Pick 4248); each of the six lower denominations featured a famous deceased Mauritian chosen from each of the six main ethnic groups in Mauritius. The 2000 rupee note featured the founding father of independent Mauritius, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam. However within just 20 days of these notes being issued the Prime Minister announced that the new notes would be withdrawn and the Governor and Managing Director of the Bank of Mauritius (the note issuing authority) were both to go. Since 1876 Mauritius notes included denominations written in English first, Tamil second and Hindi third. In this new series the Hindi became second and the Tamil third. The motive for the change in language order according to Dan Maraye the Governor of the Bank of Mauritius, was that “Twenty Five Rupees” in Tamil was so long that to fit it properly above Hindi on that note would have meant that the text would partially cover the face of Mr. Ah-Chuen. As “Twenty Five Rupees” in Hindi is shorter, by inverting the order they could fit in properly. If this was done for the Rs25, so for the sake of consistency the same had to be done on all the notes. The ethnic crises came to high rise and on 19 November 1998, the government announced that the new notes would be withdrawn and the series was replaced by in July 1999 with notes bearing Tamil in second place and Hindi in third (Pick 49-55).
482
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x518 Bank of Mauritius, 25, 50, 100, 200, 1,000 rupees, ND (1998). (Pick 43, 44, 45, 47), extremely fine to uncirculated, interesting set (4) Estimate ÂŁ150-180
www.spink.com
483
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x519 Bank of Mauritius, 25,1999, 50,1999, 100 (2) 1999/2001, 200 (2) 1999/2001, 500, 1999 1,000 rupees, 1999, 2,000 rupees, 1999, also 100 and 200 rupees, 2004/2007 and 500 and 1,000 rupees, 2007. (Pick 49(2), 50a, 51a, b, 52a, b, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59), nice colorful set,
uncirculated (14) Estimate ÂŁ200-220
484
www.spink.com
Mozambique The Republic of Mozambique, a former overseas province of Portugal stretching for 1,430 miles (2,301 km.) along the southeast coast of Africa, has an area of 309,494 sq. mi. (783,030 sq. km.) and a population of 19.56 million. Capital: Maputo. Agriculture is the chief industry. Cashew nuts, cotton, sugar, copra and tea are exported. Vasco da Gama explored all the coast of Mozambique in 1498 and found Arab trading posts already along the coast. Portuguese settlement dates from the establishment of the trading post of Mozambique in 1505. Within five years Portugal absorbed all the former Arab sultanates along the east African coast. The area was organized as a colony in 1907 and became an overseas province in 1952. In September 1974, after five centuries as a Portuguese colony and more than a decade of guerrilla warfare with the forces of the Mozambique Liberation Front, Portugal agreed to the independence of Mozambique, effective as of 25 June 1975. It was established as the People’s Republic of Mozambique. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country’s development until the mid 1990’s. The ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. In December 1990 it became the Republic of Mozambique, multi-party democracy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement between FRELIMO and rebel Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) forces ended the fighting in 1992. Mozambique became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in November 1995. In December 2004, Mozambique underwent a delicate transition as Joaquim Chissano stepped down after 18 years in office. His elected successor, Armando Emilio Guebuza, promised to continue the sound economic policies that have encouraged foreign investment. The President is Head of State; the Prime Minister is Head of Government. Mozambique has seen very strong economic growth since the end of the civil war largely due to post-conflict reconstruction.
RULERS: Portuguese to 1975 MONETARY SYSTEM: Pound Sterling = Libra Esterlina (pound sterling) 1 Mil Reis = 1000 Reis to 1910 1 Escudo = 100 Centavos, 1911-1975 1 Escudo = 1 Metica = 100 Centimos, 1975-
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banco Nacional Ultramarino Banco Nacional Ultramarino (BNU) (literally means Overseas National Bank) was established by Francisco de Oliveira Chamiço, Portugal Minister of the Navy and Overseas in Lisbon on 16 May 1864, under a Royal Charter Act of King Louis I. For further details refer to Angola.
BNU in Mozambique (Moçambique) BNU branch in Mozambique was opened in October 1877 at the capital city Lourenço Marques (present days Maputo). Issues were identical to other colonies but the overprint indicates the place of issue and in this case Lourenço Marques. In 1921the new Francisco Chamiço series “ISSUE CHAMIÇO”, overprinted PROVÍNCIAS DE MOÇAMBIQUE (Pick 66-72). As it was in other places, an emergency issue of small denomination notes of 10, 20 and 50 centavos (Pick 62-65) were introduced in 1920, followed by regular issues for 1, 2½, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 escudos (Pick 6672). In 1929, provisional issues for 100 and 1000 escudos were introduced (Pick 72A and 72B). Emergency issues for 50 centevaos (Pick 80) issued in 1941 to replace the silver coin followed by reissue of the Chamiço series (Pick 81-84). Starting 1941, a new issue was introduced with a design special to Mozambique (Pick 85-88) and that was the case in every series to be issued up to 1975.
BNU Lourenço Marques branch Mozambique
486
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x520 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 20 Escudos, Lisbon, 1 January 1921, No. 519,957, blue-green on multicoloured underprint, F. De Oliveira Chamico at left, steamship seal at right, reverse seated woman and ships. (Pick 70b), ex Mel Steinberg, fine, very scarce Estimate ÂŁ300-400 www.spink.com
487
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x521 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, a group comprising 50 Centavos, 1 September 1941, green, arms at left, reverse arms, 2.5 Escudos, 1 September 1941, blue, Chamico at left; 50 Escudos, 1 November 1941, deep brown, Ennes at left; 2.5 Escudos, 23 May 1944, deep blue, Ennes at left; 1000 Escudos, 29 November 1945, blue-green, Ennes at left, all steamship seal at right, reverse seated woman and ships; Banco da Beira, 5 Libras, 15 September 1919, blue, arms at top centre, reverse value in ornate guilloche; Colonia de Mocambique. The lot includes 5 Libras (pounds) issued by Banco da Beira; Beira is the capital city of Sofala province in Mozambique. The bank was established on 2 June 1919 by Companhia de Moçambique, the Mozambique Company (founded in 1891 and granted for a period of 50 years to exploit the resources and existing manpower in the Sofala province, as well as grant subconcessions). On 22 October 1929, the bank’s liquidation was approved, resulting in the transmission of the privilege of issuing paper money to the Company of Mozambique. To proceed with the functions of transmitter, the Mozambique Company created the Issuing Cashier of Mozambique Company (CECM) on 26 May 1930. Notes issued by the Banco da Beira (Pick SR1-23) are in pounds Sterling; the appeal to the pound was related precisely to the obligations assumed by the Company towards the English possessions and the volume of trade with them. Initially, the Bank adopted the Beira ‘sterling standard’ English. Later, he moved to the ‘gold standard’. The Company’s notes were at first in pounds as well (Pick SR24); in September 1931, the UK abandoned the gold standard and following it the Company did as well. Thus starting 1933 notes with escudos denominations were issued (Pick SR25-33) at the rate of 110 escudos to 1 pound. (Pick 80, 82, 86, 93, 99a, SR9), the first is about uncirculated to uncirculated, second is pressed, the first & fourth are ex Mel Steinberg, otherwise very fine, the third is good very fine, the fifth fine, the sixth about fine (6) Estimate £220-280 488
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x522 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, a group of uniface stage proofs for 500 Escudos, 1953, brown-violet and multicoloured, one obverse with Caldas Xavier at right, arms at upper centre, four obverses with underprint and one reverse with arms at centre. (Pick 104 proofs), mounting stains, otherwise about uncirculated and, very scarce (6) Estimate ÂŁ200-300 www.spink.com
489
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x523 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, a group of uniface stage proofs for 1000 Escudos, 1954, dark blue and multicoloured, one obverse with D. Alfonso V at right, arms at upper centre, four obverses with underprint and one reverse with arms at centre. (Pick 105 proofs), mounting stains, otherwise about uncirculated and, very scarce (7) Estimate ÂŁ500-600 490
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x524 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 1,000 Escudos, 31 July 1953, blue, Albuquerque at right; 1,000 Escudos, 16 May 1972, black dark blue and multicolour,D. Alfonso V at right on obverse;1,000 Escudos, 23 May 1972, green, Gago Coutinho at left; also a group of the 1976 ND, provisional issue, comprising 50 Escudos, black and green, Joag De Azevedo Countinho; 100 Escudos, green, Aires De Ornelas; 500 Escudos,purple, Calads Xavier and 1,000 Escudos, green, Gogo Countinho.all overprinted BANCO DE MOCAMBIQUE in black on obverse. The lot includes BNU notes overprinted with Banco de Moçambique, founded on 17 May 1975, followings the country’s independence. In 1976, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 escudos BNU notes (Pick 111, 109, 110, 115) were overprinted with the name of the new issuing bank. (Pick 105a,112, 115, 116, 117a, 118a, 119), the Pick 105a pressed, otherwise
good extremely fine, the remainder uncirculated (7) Estimate £100-120
www.spink.com
491
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
República Popular de Moçambique, Republica de Moçambique, Banco de Moçambique Followings the establishment of the República Popular de Moçambique, People’s Republic of Mozambique, the government nationalised in 1977 almost all commercial banks in the country, and merged them into Bank of Mozambique. The government took control over the currency issue and in 1980 started to issue banknotes under its authority (Pick 125-133); the bank managed to prepare only one regular series under its authority (Pick 120124) but due to nationalisation it was never issued. In December 1990 the country became a democratic titled Republica de Moçambique, the Republic of Mozambique; notes under its authority were issued (Pick 134-142). In 2006 following wide reforms and the final institutional separation of the functions of the Central Bank and Commercial Banking functions, Banco de Moçambique regained the roll of issuing banknotes.
492
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x525 Republica de Mocambique, a group of the 1980’s Issue comprising 50 Metacais, brown, 100 Metacais, green, 500 Meticais, blue, 1,000 Meticais, red, all 16 June 1980; 50 Metacais, brown, 100 Metacais, green, 500 Metacais, blue, 1,000 Metacais, red, all 16 June 1983; 5,000 Metacais, 3 February 1989, purple. (Pick 125, 126, 127, 128, 129a, 130a, 131a, 132a, 133b), about uncirculated
to uncirculated (9) Estimate ÂŁ70-90
www.spink.com
493
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x526 Republica de Mocambique, a group of the 1991 - 2006 Issues comprising 500 Metacais, blue, 1,000 Metacais, red, 5000 Metacais, purple, 10,000 Metacais, green, all dated 16 June 1991; 50,000 Metacais, 1993, purple, 100,000 Metacais, 1993, red, 20,000 Metacais, 1999, green, 200,000 Metacais, 2003, green; Banco de Mocambique, 20 Metacais (2), purple, 50 Metacais, brown, 100 Metacais, red, 500 Metacais, red-brown, 1000 Metacais, green, all dated 16 June 2006, all Machel at centre left [Pick 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 143 (2), 144, 145, 147, 148],
about uncirculated to uncirculated (14) Estimate ÂŁ70-90
494
www.spink.com
Namibia The Republic of Namibia, once the German colonial territory of German South West Africa, is situated on the Atlantic coast of southern Africa, bounded on the north by Angola, on the east by Botswana, and on the south by South Africa. It has an area of 318,261 sq. mi. (824,290 sq. km.) and a population of 1.73 million. Capital: Windhoek. Diamonds, copper, lead, zinc and cattle are exported. South Africa occupied the German colony of South-West Africa during World War I and administered it as a mandate until after World War II, when it annexed the territory. In 1966 the Marxist South-West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that became Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. Namibia has been governed by SWAPO since the country won independence in 1990. Hifikepunye Pohamba was elected president in November 2004 in a landslide victory replacing Sam Nujoma who led the country during its first 14 years of self rule.  MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Namibia Dollar = 1 South African Rand 1 Namibia Dollar = 100 Cents
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank of Namibia The Bank of Namibia was established by the Bank of Namibia Act, 1990. The first series was introduced in September 1993, including N$10, N$50 and N$100 (Pick 1-3). In 1996, the N$20 and N$200 notes were put into circulation. These latter two notes were of the same designs as the 1993 notes. All 1993-6 notes were with the portrait of Kaptein Hendrik Witbooi. A new family of banknotes were issued in 2012. The main distinctive features of these notes are that the main portrait on the N$10 and N$20 are that of H.E. Dr. Sam Nujoma. The portrait of Kaptein Hendrik Witbooi remains the main theme on the N$50 N$100 and N$200 dollar notes. In addition to these dynamic designs, the security features of all denominations have been upgraded to include the most modern technologies like a securicoat, optical variation ink (OVI), Janus colour shifting window security thread. x527 Bank of Namibia, a group of the ND (1993) issue comprising $10,100, also 10,20 (2),50 (2),100, 200, all ND (1996-2001), and $50, 2003, all with Kaptein Handrik Witbooi, Parliament building on variety of colours on obverse, several scenario images and colour variety of antelope (Oryx Gazella). (Pick 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9a, 10, 11),
uncirculated (10) Estimate ÂŁ150-180
496
www.spink.com
Nigeria The Federal Republic of Nigeria, situated on the Atlantic coast of Africa between Benin and Cameroon, has an area of 356,667 sq. mi. (923,768 sq. km.) and a population of 128.79 million. Capital: Abuja. The economy is based on petroleum and agriculture. Crude oil, cocoa, tobacco and tin are exported. Following the Napoleonic Wars, the British expanded their trade with the interior of Nigeria. British claims to a sphere of influence in that area were recognised by the Berlin Conference of 1885 and in the following year the Royal Niger Company was chartered. British influence and control over what would become Nigeria and Africa’s most populous country grew through the 19th century. Direct British control of the territory was initiated in 1900, and in 1914 the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria into the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria was effected. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy. In 1960, following a number of territorial and constitutional changes, Nigeria was granted independence within the British Commonwealth as a federation of the northern, western and eastern regions. Nigeria altered its political relationship with Great Britain on 1 October 1963, by proclaiming itself a republic. It did, however, elect to remain a member of the Commonwealth. The Supreme Commander of Armed Forces is the Head of the Federal Military Government. On 30 May 1967, the Eastern Region of the republic - an area occupied principally by the proud and resourceful Ibo tribe - seceded from Nigeria and proclaimed itself the independent Republic of Biafra. Civil war erupted and raged for 31 months. Casualties, including civilian, were about two million, the majority succumbing to malnutrition and disease. Biafra surrendered to the federal government on 15 January 1970. After military coups in 1983 and 1985 the government was assumed by an Armed Forces Ruling Council. A transitional civilian council was formed in 1993. Nigeria was suspended from the Commonwealth in November 1995, but was re-admitted on 29 May 1999, after adopting a new constitution, ending nearly 16 years of military. Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. Although both the 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were marred by significant irregularities and violence, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. The general elections of April 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country’s history.
RULERS: British to 1963
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1973 1 Naira (10 Shillings) = 100 Kobo, 1973-
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Government of Nigeria W WI emergency issue The (British) West African Currency Board was constituted in 1912 to control the supply of currency to the British West African Colonies; these now constitute Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone and Gambia. During WWI supply lines were cut off and the Nigerian Authorities were forced to issue their own emergency currency in 1918. Three denominations were produced 1/-, 10/- and 20/- (Pick 1, 1A, 1B). The Notes had indication that they were issued in Lagos in December 1918 and were signed by the colony treasurer. In early 1919 British West African Currency Board renewed its supply of notes and the local Nigerian notes were withdrawn afterward, being in circulation for a few months only.
x528 Government of Nigeria, 1 shilling, Lagos, December 1918, serial number 00038, dark green text on white paper,issuedunder order XXII, 1918. signature of Macgregor low right. (Pick 1), ex Mel Steinberg.A very low
serial number, About fine and extremely rare Estimate ÂŁ900-1200
498
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x529 Bank of Nigeria, a hand executed essay on large format card for a proposed issue, no value or date (ca 1960), pale pink-red and green, design of banana plants and palms in field, African man at right. (Pick unrecorded design), unique Estimate ÂŁ250-300 www.spink.com
499
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Central Bank of Nigeria The Central Bank of Nigeria was established on 1 July 1958. Out of the former countries subject to the West Africa Currency Board, Gambia, Nigeria and Ghana continued to use initially the pound. On 1 July 1959 the Central Bank of Nigeria issued its first notes 5 and shillings as well as 1 and 5 pounds (Pick 2-5). Notes included the name of the bank as well as the political status of the country, Federation of Nigeria. Nigeria altered its political relationship with Great Britain on 1 October 1963, by proclaiming itself a republic. New notes were issued in 1967 at the same denominations but with the country’s new status, Federal Republic of Nigeria (Pick 6-9). The notes were changed in 1968 as a war strategy following the misuse of the country’s currency notes. On 31 March, 1971, it was announced that Nigeria would change to decimal currency as from 1 January 1973.The major currency unit was changed to Naira, equivalent to ten shillings: the minor unit would be called kobo; 100 of which would make one Naira. x530 Federal Republic of Nigeria, 5 shillings, ND (1967), No.A/30188139, purple; 10 Shillings, ND (1967), No. A/26 399403, green, both on obverse is The Central Bank of Nigeria building at left, on reverse: the 1st purple, log raft on river, two men cutting log with chain saw; 2nd green, two men carrying ground nut sacks on their head. Both has a watermark lion head. (Pick 6, 7), uncirculated and VG (2) Estimate £120-160
500
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x531 Federal Republic of Nigeria, £1 (2), red-pink, ND (1967) No. B/11 289133 and No. B/91 734439, Bank building on obverse, red-pink, man with machete beating cluster from date palm on reverse;5 shillings, green-red and 10 shillings, dark blue, both ND (1968), obverse bank building at left, obverse like P.6 and P.7 but the size of the note is smaller. (Pick 8(2), 10a, 11a) fine and very fine,
good fine, very fine, (4) Estimate £50-70
x532 Federal Republic of Nigeria, £1, ND (1968), No E/21049432, olive and violet, bank building at left on obverse, olive color, man with machete beating cluster from date palm on reverse, solid security thread, watermark lion head. (Pick 12a), very fine Estimate £80-100
www.spink.com
501
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x533 Federal Republic of Nigeria, £5, ND (1968), serial number A/1 641275, red-brown and multicoloured, bank building at left, reverse brown, coat of arms at left, four people removing cocoa beans from pods in two baskets, signature 3, solid thread, lion head on the watermark, 158x89 mm. (Pick 13a), almost extremely fine Estimate £140-180
502
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x534 Central Bank of Nigeria, 50 kobo, ND (1973-1978), blue-purple, bank building at centreon obverse, reverse ,purple, log raft on river, two men cutting log with chain saw, 1 naira, ND (1979-1984), Macaulay, 5 and 10 naira, ND (1979-1984), Alhaji and Ikoku, 1 naira, 1984, Herbert Macaulayat left, 5 naira (2), Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, at right, 10 naira, AlvanIkoku on obverse, 20 naira (2), General Murtala R. Muhammed on obverse. P.19 – 26 are all tribal art, ivory masks, Nakpokitidancers, Fulani milk maids and coat of arms on reverse. (PIck 14e, 19c, 20c, 21b, 23a, 24c,e, 25e, 26a,b), generally uncirculated (10) Estimate £80-120
www.spink.com
503
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x535 Central Bank, 50, 100, 200 and 500 naira, ND (1999-2001), three men and a woman, chief Obefemi Awolowo, Ahmadu Bello and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiweat left respectively on obverse, also 5, 10, 20, 50, 1,000 naira, 20062007, Alhaji Balewa, Ikoko, General Muhammed, 3 men and woman, Alhaji Aliyu Mai-Bornu and Dr. Clement Isong respectively on obverse. (Pick 27a, 28c, 29a, 30a, 32, 33, 34b, 35, 36), uncirculated and colourful (9) Estimate ÂŁ80-120
x536 Central Bank of Nigeria, 5 naira, polymer, 2009, 1,000 naira, polymer, 2011 and 10 naira, 2011, polymer. (P. New) uncircuated, the 10 naira
2011, is an error note with mismatch numbers, uncirculated (3) Estimate ÂŁ80-120
504
www.spink.com
Portuguese Guinea Portuguese Guinea (now Guinea-Bissau), a former Portuguese province off the west coast of Africa bounded on the north by Senegal and on the east and southeast by Guinea, had an area of 13,948 sq. mi. (36,125 sq. km.). Capital: Bissau. The province exported peanuts, timber and beeswax. In Portuguese it was called Guiné colónia portuguesa and later on just Guiné. Portuguese Guinea was discovered by Portuguese navigator Nuno Tristao in 1446. Trading rights in the area were granted to Cape Verde islanders but few prominent posts were established before 1851, and they were principally coastal installations. The chief export of this colony’s early period was slaves for South America, a practice that adversely affected trade with the native people and impeded subjection of the interior. Territorial disputes with France delayed final demarcation of the colony’s frontiers until 1905. The African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau was founded in 1956, and several years later began a guerrilla warfare that grew in effectiveness until 1974, when the rebels controlled most of the colony. Portugal’s costly overseas wars in her African territories resulted in a military coup in Portugal in April 1974, that appreciably brightened the prospects for freedom for GuineaBissau. In August, 1974, the Lisbon government signed an agreement granting independence to Portuguese Guinea effective 10 September 1974. The new republic took the name of Guinea-Bissau.
RULERS: Portuguese to 1974
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Mil Reis = 1000 Reis to 1910 1 Escudo = 100 Centavos, 1911-1974
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banco Nacional Ultramarino Banco Nacional Ultramarino (BNU) (literally means Overseas National Bank) was established by Francisco de Oliveira Chamiço, Portugal Minister of the Navy and Overseas in Lisbon on 16 May 1864, under a Royal Charter Act of King Louis I. For further details refer to Angola.
BNU in Portuguese Guinea (Guiné colónia portuguesa)
BNU branch in Portuguese Guinea was opened in October 1903 at that time capital city, Bolama. Issues were identical to other colonies but the overprint indicates the place of issue and in this case Bolama. In 1921the new Francisco Chamiço series “ISSUE CHAMIÇO”, overprinted BOLAMA (Pick 12-18). Starting 1937, a new issue was introduced with design special to Portuguese Guinea ‘Issue Teixeira Pinto’, overprinted GUINÉ COLÓNIA PORTUGUESA (Pick 21-24) and since 1958 simply GUINÉ. BNU last series was of 1971 and it continued issuing notes up to 1975 when it was nationalised following the country’s independence.
BNU, Portuguese Guinea, Bolama
506
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x537 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 2 1/2 escudos, 2 January 1945, serial number A.0,291,603, overprint GUINE’, violet and multicoloured, J. Teixeira Pinto at left, ship seal at right on obverse, reverse multicoloured, arms at centre. (Pick 26), ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated
and scarce Estimate £150-180
x538 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 100 escudos, 20 November 1958,red serial number B248742, purple and multicoloured, J Teixira Pinto at left, ship seal at right, arms low centre, overprint GUINE’ on obverse, reverse maiden with shipping through the ages, value at left and right. (Pick 38), ex Mel Steinberg. About
uncirculated thus scarce Estimate £500-600
www.spink.com
507
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x539 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 100 escudos, 20 June 1964, serial number C 652168, turquoise and multicoloured, Pinto at left, ship seal at right, arms low centre, overprint GUINE’ on obverse, reverse turquoise and pink, maiden with shipping through the ages, value at left and right. (Pick 41a), uncirculated thus scarce Estimate £250-300
x540 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 1,000 escudos, 30 April 1964, serial number 203381, red-orange and multicoloured, Hono’rio Batrreto at right, ship seal at centre on obverse, reverse orange-red, maiden with shipping through the ages, value at left and right, watermark coat of arms. (Pick 43a), uncirculated thus scarce Estimate £300-350
508
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x541 Banco Nacional Ultramarino, 50 escudos, 17 December 1971, serial number 966114, olive green multicoloured, Tristao at right, ship seal at centre, reverse olive, maiden with shipping through the ages, ship seal low left, value at left and right. (Pick 44a), uncirculated Estimate ÂŁ30-40
x542 Banco Nacional Ultramarino,100 escudos, 17 December 1971, serial number 903945, blue and multicoloured, Nuno Tristao at right, ship seal at centre on obverse, reverse blue, maiden with shipping through the ages, ship seal low left, value at left and right. (Pick 45a), uncirculated Estimate ÂŁ30-40
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509
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x543 Banco Nacional Ultramarino,500 escudos, 27 July 1971, serial no. 029832, purple and multicoloured, Hono’rio Barreto at right, coat of arms at centre on obverse, reverse purple and multicoloured, maiden with shipping through the ages, ship seal low left, value at left and right. (Pick 46a), very good Estimate £100-120
510
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Rhodesia The “Republic of � Rhodesia (never recognised by the British government and was referred to as Southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe) located in the east- central part of southern Africa, has an area of 150,804 sq. mi. (390,580 sq. km.) and a population of 9.9 million. Capital: Harare. The economy is based on agriculture and mining. Tobacco, sugar, asbestos, copper and chrome ore and coal are exported. The Rhodesian area, the habitat of paleolithic man, contains extensive evidence of earlier civilizations, notably the world-famous ruins of Zimbabwe, a gold-trading center that flourished about the 14th or 15th century AD. The Portuguese of the 16th century were the first Europeans to attempt to develop south-central Africa, but it remained for Cecil Rhodes and the British South Africa Co. to open the hinterlands. Rhodes obtained a concession for mineral rights from local chiefs in 1888 and administered his African empire (named Southern Rhodesia in 1895) through the British South Africa Co. until 1923, when the British government annexed the area after the white settlers voted for existence as a separate entity, rather than for incorporation into the Union of South Africa. From September 1953 through 1963 Southern Rhodesia was joined with the British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland into a multiracial federation. When the federation was dissolved at the end of 1963, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland became the independent states of Zambia and Malawi. Britain was prepared to grant independence to Southern Rhodesia but declined to do so when the politically dominant white Rhodesians refused to give assurances of representative government. In November 1965, the white minority government of Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared Southern Rhodesia an independent dominion. The United Nations and the British Parliament both proclaimed this unilateral declaration of independence null and void. Following a conference in London in December 1979, the opposition government conceded and it was agreed that the British government should resume control. In 1970, the government proclaimed a republic, but this too received no recognition. In 1979, the government purported to change the name of the Colony to Zimbabwe Rhodesia, but again this was never recognized. A British governor soon returned to Southern Rhodesia. One of his first acts was to affirm the nullification of the purported declaration of independence. On18 April 1980, pursuant to an act of the British Parliament, the colony of Southern Rhodesia became independent within the commonwealth as the Republic of Zimbabwe.
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
RULERS: British to 1970 (1980) MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1970 1 Dollar = 100 Cents, 1970-80
Reserve Bank of Rhodesia The story of the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia and its banknotes is most fascinating and reflects the complicated politics and its major influence on the country’s banknotes. During a period of nearly four years, banknotes were printed in England, in West Germany and finally in Rhodesia. The dissolution of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland and the consequent winding up of the Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland led to the establishment of successor central banks in the three former Federal Territories, namely, the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, the Bank of Zambia and the Reserve Bank of Malawi, each of which became responsible for the issue of bank notes in their respective countries. The Reserve Bank of Rhodesia had a supervised board in London and an actual functional in Salisbury The first Reserve Bank of Rhodesia series was issued on the 15 November 1964, composed of 10/-, £1 and £5 notes (Pick24-26). The main features in the front design of the notes, were the famous Annigoni portrait of Queen Elizabeth II (in profile), the watermark comprising the head of Cecil John Rhodes and the Coat-of-Arms of Rhodesia which were actually those of Southern Rhodesia. Notes were printed by Bradbury Wilkinson & Company. In October 1965 the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia in Salisbury gave Bradbury Wilkinson & Company Limited an order for £20 million worth of banknotes for delivery in the second quarter of 1966. On the 11 November, 1965, Rhodesia unilaterally declared her independence (UDI). Hence the order was stymied. On 3 December 1965, the British Government using the Southern Rhodesia Act 1965, issued an Order-in-Council and suspended the Reserve Bank’s Governor, Noel Bruce, its Deputy Governor and the other Board members. This was thought necessary to prevent the board of directors in Salisbury from continuing to exercise authority in the name of the bank, in particular as regards the fairly large accounts held by the bank outside Southern Rhodesia. Sir Sydney Caine was appointed as governor. Salisbury did not recognise the London Board and demanded Bradbury to make immediate preliminary shipping arrangements. 512
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
On 7 April 1966, after seeing that difficulties would arise over the notes being printed by Bradbury Wilkinson, the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia in Salisbury, unbeknown to London, ordered 25 million banknotes worth £29 million from the Munich firm of Giesecke & Devrient (G&D). The notes would resemble closely those already circulating in Rhodesia and printed by Bradbury Wilkinson, mainly differing in their colour. Following consideration with the Bank of England and Whitehall, the London Governor of the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, Caine, obtained, through German lawyers, police seizure of the notes in Frankfurt by order of the Public Prosecutor there, and his temporary injunction against their export. The District Court at Frankfurt refused, however, to ratify the seizure and a subsequent appeal to the Criminal Court was also unsuccessful. An appeal to the Frankfurt Civil Court was initiated. Eventually on 8 February 1967, the Secretary of State directed the London Board to “compromise and settle” the pending court action on terms to be notified by the Government; to ensure that the notes, complete and incomplete, and the printing materials were bought to the UK; and to make the necessary payments to these ends. Notes printed in Germany were 10/- numbered L/1 to L/9, £1 numbered K/6 to K/16 and £5 numbered J/1 to J/2. The Reserve Bank of Rhodesia in Salisbury decided to implement and proceed with plans which had been under consideration for some time and which were aimed at printing bank notes in Salisbury. During first half of 1967 the new series of banknotes was prepared and printed in Rhodesia, begin L/10 for the 10/-, K/17 for the £1, and J/3 for the £5. The £1 note (Pick 28) was put into circulation on 19 July 1967, the 10/- note on 11 September, and the £5 note on 10 November 1967. Whilst these notes are similar in overall design to the notes printed in the United Kingdom and first issued on the 15th November, 1964, they are readily distinguishable from them by virtue of changes in artistic execution, engraving and colouring. Similarly, the subjects depicted in the new designs are the same, but new interpretations of these designs have been used. On 19 February 1970, decimal currency was introduced using the same designs and colours as well as identical sizes. The new denomination notes were for $1, $2 and $10 (Pick 30, 31, 33) followed in 1972 with $5 note (Pick 32). The new currency was at $2 for £1.
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513
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, Jameson Avenue, Salisbury.
x544 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, 10 shillings, Salisbury 21 October 1964, serial no. H/4 837090, blue and multicoloured, Queen Elizabeth II at right, Zimbabwe bird at low left, Bruce signature, reverse blue, tobacco field, watermark Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 24d), ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated, scarce Estimate ÂŁ250-300
514
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x545 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, £1, Salisbury 16 November 1964, serial number G/13 196541, red and multicoloured, Queen Elizabeth II at right, flowers low left, Bruce signature, reverse red and pale blue, fallsand trees, security thread, watermark Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 25m), ex Mel Steinberg, uncircu-
lated Estimate £150-180
x546 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, £1, Salisbury 9November 1964, serial number G/12 297 498, red and multicoloured, Queen Elizabeth II at right, flowers low left, Bruce signature, reverse red and pale blue, falls and trees, security thread, watermark Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 25l), very fine Estimate £40-50
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515
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank notes on the press in the printing works of the Reserve Bank
x547 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, 10 shillings, 1 June 1966, red serial number L/10 753672, blue and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, Zimbabwe bird at low left, Bruce signature, reverse blue, tobacco field, security thread, watermark Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 27), uncirculated Estimate ÂŁ150-200
516
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x548 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, £1, Salisbury 14October 1968, red serial number K/29 006719, pink-red and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, flowers low left, Bruce signature, reverse red and pale blue, falls and trees, solid security thread, watermark Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 28d), uncirculated Estimate £220-240
x549 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, £5, Salisbury 1 July 1966, red serial number J/5 107802, blue and multicoloured, Queen Elizabeth II at right, Sable antelope at low left, trees, leaves and coat of arms at center, Bruce signatureon obverse, reverse blue, Great Zimbabwe ruins, solid security thread, watermark: Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 29a), ex Mel Steinberg, very fine Estimate £60-80
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517
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x550 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, $1 (3), 1971, 1976, 1979, blue and multicoloured, coat of arms at right, Zimbabwe birdat low left, Bruce signature, reverse blue, tobacco field, also $2 (2), 1977,1979, red and multicoloured, reverse falls. (Pick 30c, 30m, 30o, 31n and 31q),
uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ80-100
x551 Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, $5 (2), 1976,1978, red prefixes M/14,M/19, brown and multicoloured, coat of arms at right, giraffe at left,logo of the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, Salisbury at centre, signature D. C. Crough, reverse brown,male and female lions in bush, also $10 (2), 1979, a consecutive pair with red prefix J/59, blue, arms at right, Sable antelope at left, logo of the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia, Salisbury at centre, reverse blue-grey, Great Zimbabwe ruins. (Pick 32b,32c and 33k (2)), uncirculated (4) Estimate ÂŁ150-200
518
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Rhodesia and Nyasaland Rhodesia and Nyasaland (now the Republics of Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe) was located in the east-central part of southern Africa, had an area of 487,133 sq. mi. (1,261,678 sq. km.). Capital: Salisbury. The area was the habitat of paleolithic man, contains extensive evidence of earlier civilizations, notably the world-famous ruins of Zimbabwe, a gold-trading center that flourished about the 14th or 15th century AD. The Portuguese of the 16th century were the first Europeans to attempt to develop south-central Africa, but it remained for Cecil Rhodes and the British South Africa Co. to open the hinterlands. Rhodes obtained a concession for mineral rights from local chiefs in 1888 and administered his African empire (named Southern Rhodesia in 1895) through the British South Africa Co. until 1923, when the British government annexed the area after the white settlers voted for existence as a separate entity, rather than for incorporation into the Union of South Africa. From September of 1953 through 1963 Southern Rhodesia was joined with the British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland into a multiracial federation, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. When the federation was dissolved at the end of 1963, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland became the independent states of Zambia and Malawi. Britain was prepared to grant independence to Southern Rhodesia but declined to do so when the politically dominant white Rhodesians refused to give assurances of representative government. On May 11, 1965, following two years of unsuccessful negotiation with the British government, Prime Minister Ian Smith issued a unilateral declaration of independence. Britain responded with economic sanctions supported by the United Nations. After further futile attempts to effect an accommodation, the Rhodesian Parliament severed all ties with Britain, and on March 2, 1970, established the Republic of Rhodesia.
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
On March 3, 1978, Prime Minister Ian Smith and three moderate black nationalist leaders signed an agreement providing for black majority rule. The name of the country was changed to Zimbabwe Rhodesia. After the election of March 3, 1980, the country again changed its name to the Republic of Zimbabwe. The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (or the Central African Federation), comprising the British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland and the self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia, was located in the east-central part of southern Africa. The multiracial federation had an area of about 487,000 sq. mi. (1,261,330 sq. km.) and a population of 6.8 million. Capital: Salisbury, in Southern Rhodesia. The geographical unity of the three British possessions suggested the desirability of political and economic union as early as 1924. Despite objections by the African constituency of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland, who feared the dominant influence of prosperious and self governing Southern Rhodesia, the Central African Federation was established in Sept. of 1953. As feared, the Federation was effectively and profitably dominated by the European consituency of Southern Rhodesia despite the fact that the three component countries retained their basic prefederation political structure. It was dissolved at the end of 1963, largely because of the effective opposition of the Nyasaland African Congress. Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland became independent states of Zambia and Malawi in 1964. Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared its independence as Rhodesia the following year; this act was not recognized by the British Government.
RULERS: British to 1963
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1963Â
520
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland On the 15 March 1956, the Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland was established and became the note issuing authority of the Federation in succession to the Central Africa Currency Board acted in Southern Rhodesia. The first Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland notes were issued in April 1957, and circulated side by side with the Southern Rhodesia “currency” notes, no more of which were issued thereafter. The series composed of 10/-, £1, £5 and £10 (Pick 20-23); the main features in the front designs of the banknotes were the portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, the watermark comprising the head of Cecil John Rhodes, with, around it, the quotation from Rudyard Kipling, and the Coat of Arms of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. The reverse side included landscaped of the territories composing the new federation (while previous included only Southern Rhodesia landscapes); colour and sizes remain the same to previous series. Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland notes ceased to be legal tender on t1 June 1965, and in terms of Rhodesia Government Notice No. 96 of 1968, the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia was not required, with effect from the 16 February 1968, to make payment for Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland notes but might, in its sole discretion, continue to make payment on such terms and conditions as it might deem fit.
Queen Elizabeth II
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521
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Lot No. x552
522
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
Lot No. x552
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523
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x552 Central Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, a set of hand executed essays for a proposed issue of currency comprising 10 shillings, red and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, reverse red, lake and palm trees, £1, blue, Elizabeth II at right, leopard low left, reverse Great Zimbabwe ruins and £5, brown and lilac, Elizabeth II at right, gazelle low left, reverse brown, falls, all are for issue at Salisbury, undated but probably for the post Southern Rhodesia and proposed Rhodesia and Nyasaland issue thus about 1955 and 1956, signature of Grafftey-Smith. This set of hand executed essays is of a great importance, indicating the design stages toward the approval of the final design as well of thought concerning the monetary authority; though quite similar to the actual series, the coloures of the £1 and £5 are different, blue while circulation note was green and brown while circulation note was blue. The monetary authority is Central Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland while eventually it was Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.
unique, mounted on card and concertina joined, most interesting and unusual Estimate £1,800-2,200 524
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x553 Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, 10 shillings, 4 August 1956, serial number W/2 414376, red-brown and green,Queen Elizabeth II at right, eagle atlower left, coat of arms top centre, Graffety-Smith signature, reverse redbrown, trees and boats along riverbank, solid security thread, watermark: Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 20a) ex Mel Steinberg,very fine, scarce Estimate ÂŁ200-220
x554 Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, 10 shillings, 20 January 1961, serial number W/29 918508, red-brown and green, Queen Elizabeth II at right, eagle at lower left, coat of arms top centre, Graffety-Smith signature, reverse redbrown, trees and boats along river bank, solid security thread, watermark: Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 20b), very fine, scarce Estimate ÂŁ180-200
www.spink.com
525
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x555 Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, £1, 26 February 1960, serial number X/38 507767, green and orange and lilac, Elizabeth II at right, leopard at left, coat of arms top centre, GraffetySmith signature, reverse green, Great Zimbabwe ruins, solid security thread, watermark: Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 21a) ex Mel Stienberg, good very fine, scarce Estimate £300-350
x556 Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, £1, 6 May 1960, serial number X/43 155967,green and orange and lilac, Elizabeth II at right, leopard at left, coat of arms top centre, GraffetySmith signature, reverse green, Great Zimbabwe ruins, solid security thread, watermark: Cecil Rhodes. (Pick 21a), good very fine, scarce Estimate £300-350
526
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Rwanda The Republic of Rwanda, located in central Africa between the Republic of the Congo and Tanzania, has an area of 26,338 sq. km. and a population of 10.186 million. Capital: Kigali. The economy is based on agriculture and mining. Coffee and tin are exported. In 1959, three years before independence from Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000 driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions, culminating in April 1994 in the genocide of roughly 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels defeated the Hutu regime and ended the killing in July 1994, but approximately 2 million Hutu refugees - many fearing Tutsi retribution - fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; the former Zaire) and formed an extremist insurgency bent on retaking Rwanda, much as the RPF tried in 1990. Despite substantial international assistance and political reforms - including Rwanda’s first local elections in March 1999 and its first post-genocide presidential and legislative elections in August and September 2003 - the country continues to struggle to boost investment and agricultural output, and ethnic reconciliation is complicated by the real and perceived Tutsi political dominance. Kigali’s increasing centralization and intolerance of dissent, the nagging Hutu extremist insurgency across the border, and Rwandan involvement in two wars in recent years in the neighboring DRC continue to hinder Rwanda’s efforts to escape its bloody legacy.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Franc (Amafranga, Amafaranga) = 100 Centimes
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque Nationale du Rwanda Rwanda and Burundi’s common monetary system did not last for long. Political, economic and psychological factors led to the dissolution of this Union. Rwanda, which was kept apart from the Leopoldville centre of influence, noticed once again that the installation of various common institutions in Bujumbura would harm its economic development. The four years of economic and monetary union were just a failure, each party feeling cheated and blaming each deficiency on the other party. The divorce between Rwanda and Burundi became a reality when the economic union was liquidated from 1 January 1964. A liquidation committee was put in place. Its outcome was the convention of 18 May 1964 that put an end to the common monetary rule and to the issuing authority imparted to the Banque d’emission du Rwanda et du Burundi (B.E.R.B.). The National Bank of Rwanda, established by the Law of 24 April 1964, came into force from 19 May 1964 with the aim of fulfilling one of its main missions, namely the issuing of currency on the Rwandan territory. The B.E.R.B. rights and obligations were ex officio transmitted to the Banque du Royaume du Burundi, Royal Bank of Burundi (B.R.B.) and to Banque Nationale du Rwanda, the National Bank of Rwanda (B.N.R.). With its establishment the Banque Nationale du Rwanda issued a provisional series which was actually the Banque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi notes of 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 francs (Rwanda Pick 1-5) overprinted ‘BANQUE NATIONALE DU RWANDA’ (Rwanda et du Burundi Pick 3-7), excluding the 5 and 10 franc notes (Rwanda et du Burundi Pick 1-2), unlike the Banque du Royaume du Burundi which overprinted all denominations for use in Burundi. Towards the end of 1964, regular series were released into general circulation.
528
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x557 Banque d’emission du Rwanda et du Burundi/ Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 20 francs, 5 October 1960, serial number E 995240, green on tan and pink underprint, crocodile at right,Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, black handstamp BANQUE NATIONALE DU RWANDA at right with signature of Le Governeur, J.B. Habyarimana, reverse green guilloche patterns. (Pick 1), ex Mel Steinberg. Owen Linzmayer plate note.
Uncirculated and scarce Estimate ÂŁ700-800 www.spink.com
529
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x558 Banque d’emission du Rwanda et du Burundi/ Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 50 francs, 1 October 1960, serial number G 257042, red, lioness at right,Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, black handstamp BANQUE NATIONALE DU RWANDA at right with signature of Le Governeur, J.B. Habyarimana, reverse red,guilloche patterns. (Pick 2), ex Mel Steinberg.O. Linzmayer plate note. Very fine and scarce Estimate £400-450
530
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x559 Banque d’emission du Rwanda et du Burundi/ Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 100 francs, 15 September 1960, serial number B 465743, blue, green and orange, Zebu bull at left, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, black handstamp BANQUE NATIONALE DU RWANDA at right with signature of Le Governeur, J.B. Habyarimana, reverse blue, guilloche patterns. (Pick 3a), ex Mel Steinberg. About extremely fine and scarce Estimate £400-450
www.spink.com
531
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x560 Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 20 francs, 1 January 1976, No. BC 686992, brown, red, orange and green, with black bar over the old titles on obverse; 50 francs (2), 1 January 1976, blue, green and yellow, both are prefix W, map or Rwanda on obverse, underground miners with head lamps on reverse; 100 francs, 1 July 1964, No. C 751928, purple, green, orangeand pink, map of Rwanda on obverse, woman with woven basket on head, banana trees on reverseand 1000 francs,1 January 1976, No. E 449231, red, green and violet, coat of arms on obverse, man tending plant in terraced hills on reverse. (Pick 6e, 7c(2), 8a, 10c), uncirculated
(5) Estimate £50-70
x561 Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 500 francs, 19 April 1974, Serial number, Z 01583, green, orange and violet, President Juve’nalHabyarimana in military uniform at left, man with woven basket on head, plants and crops. (Pick 11a) the only note in Rwanda that
depicts Habyarimana on their currency, whom been assassinated by targeting his plane on 6 April 1994, which ignited the ethnic tension and sparkled the Rwandan Genocide, uncirculated (A must for any African collector). Estimate £30-40
532
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x562 Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 100 francs, No. AT 414824, multicolor, six zebras on obverse, woman with baby, volcanoes, national park, flowers; 500 francs, No. B 585357, six impalas, trees on obverse, eight drummers, tram car and miners with picks on reverse and 1,000 francs, No. C 705240, green and multicolor, two workers picking up tea leaves, mountains on obverse, male Intore dancer with spear and shield. All dated 1 January 1978. Pick 12a, 13a, 14a), a nice typical African colorful set, uncirculated (3) Estimate ÂŁ50-70
x563 Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 500 francs, No. B 7592077; 1,000 francs, No. C 0509197, both 1 January 1981, 100 francs,No F 7029415, 1 August 1982,100 francs, No. Y 3147177, 24 April 1989, 1,000 francs, No. D 9552154 and 5,000 francs,No. F 2481544, both 1 January 1988. (Pick 16a, 17a, 18, 19, 21, 22),
uncirculated (6) Estimate ÂŁ80-100
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533
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x564 Banque Nationale du Rwanda, 500 and 1000 francs, 1994; 500, 1,000, 5,000 francs, 1998; 100 francs (2) two dates 2003; 500, 1,000, 2,000 (2) and 5,000 francs, gorilla at centre, all 2004 except the 2,000 francs which are dated 2007 with consecutive numbers; 500 francs (2)2008 and 1,000 francs (2) 2008. (Pick 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 29a, 30, 31, 32(3), 33 & new (4)), uncirculated
(17) Estimate ÂŁ80-100
534
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Rwanda-Burundi Rwanda-Burundi, a Belgian League of Nations mandate and United Nations trust territory comprising the provinces of Rwanda and Burundi of the former colony of German East Africa, was located in central Africa between the present Republic of the Congo, Uganda and mainland Tanzania. The mandate-trust territory had an area of 20,916 sq. mi. (54,272 sq. km.). For specific statistics and history of Rwanda and Burundi see individual entries. When Rwanda and Burundi were formed into a mandate for administration by Belgium, their names were changed to Ruanda and Urundi and they were organized as an integral part of the Belgian Congo, during which time they used a common banknote issue with the Belgian Congo. After the Belgian Congo acquired independence as the Republic of the Congo, the provinces of Ruanda and Urundi reverted to their former names of Rwanda and Burundi and issued notes with both names on them. In 1962, both Rwanda and Burundi became separate independent states.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Franc = 100 CentimesÂ
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque d’emission du Rwanda et du Burundi Congo became independent on 30 June 1960 and acquired a political status different from that of Ruanda-Urundi. Consequently, a review of statutes of the institutions common to Congo and Ruanda-Urundi was necessary. The royal decree of 21 August 1960 established a public institution called “Banque d’ Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi” (B.E.R.B.) whose head office was in Bujumbura with a branch in Kigali. On 2 September 1960 the Rwandan and Burundian Franc was legally created and defined by the royal decree at par to the of former Congolese Franc; banknotes issued by Banque Centrale du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi, Central Bank of Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi, were to be legal until 22 September that year. The new banknotes series was introduced few months later and included of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 franc notes (Pick 1-7). On 1 January 1964, the economic and monetary union between the two countries was dissolved. The Banque d’emission du Rwanda et du Burundi banknotes were later on used as a provisional in Burundi, Rwanda and Katanga, each with its own overprint.
536
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x565 Banque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 5 francs, 15 September 1960, serial number, D 829972, brown and pale green, impala at left,river bank, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse brown,guilloche patterns.Value at centre and four corners. (Pick 1a), good very fine Estimate £60-80
x566 anque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 5 francs, 15 June 1961, serial number, H 051888 , brown and pale green, impala at left, river bank, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse brown, guilloche patterns, value at centre and four corners. (Pick 1b), ex Mel Steinberg, about
uncirculated Estimate £250-300
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537
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x567 Banque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 10 francs, 15 September 1960, Serial number, B 590902, greyblue and pale orange, hippopotamus left centre,river bank, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse grey and white, guilloche patterns, value at centreand four corners. (Pick 2a), ex Mel Steinberg, about
uncirculated and scarce in this condition. Estimate £400-450
x568 Banque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 20 francs, 15 September 1960, serial number, A 563886, green and pale pink, crocodile at right, river bank, signature Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse green and white, guilloche patterns, value at centre and fourcorners. (Pick 3a), ex Mel Steinberg, central crease otherwise extremely fine, scarce Estimate £500-550
538
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x569 Banque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 100 francs, 15 September 1960, serial number C 517999, pale red and gray, lioness at right,Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse red and white guilloche patterns, value at right and upper two corners. (Pick 4a), ex Mel Steinberg, extremely
fine – about uncirculated, very scarce Estimate £750-800
x570 Banque d’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 100 francs, 15 September 1960, serial number C 342206, blue, green and orange, Zebu bull at left, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse blue and white, guilloche patterns, value at right and upper two corners. (Pick 5a), ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated
and rare in this grade Estimate £750-800
www.spink.com
539
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x571 Banqued’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 500 francs, 15 September 1960, serial number A 042715, brown, lilac and green, Rhinoceros at right, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse brown and white, guilloche patterns, value at centre and four corners. (Pick 6), ex Mel Steinberg, pinholes at left, extremely fine and rare in this condition Estimate £3,000-3,500
540
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x572 Banqued’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 500 francs, 15 May 1961, serial number A 311130, brown, lilac and green, Rhinoceros at right, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, Rhinoceros at right, reverse brown and white, guilloche patterns, value at centre and four corners. (Pick 6b), ex Mel Steinberg, very fine and a rare type and date. Estimate £3,000-3,500
www.spink.com
541
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x573 Banqued’Emission du Rwanda et du Burundi, 1000 francs, 15 May 1961, serial number A 189814, green and purple, Zebra at right, Signatures: Le President, H. Martin and Un Adminstrateur, F. Peigneux, on obverse, reverse green and white, value at right and upper two corners. (Pick 7b), ex Mel Steinberg, extremely fine to about
uncirculated, a very rare type and date, considered The Queen note of Rwanda-Burundi. Estimate £4500-5,000
542
www.spink.com
Saint Thomas & Prince The Democratic Republic of Saint Thomas & Prince (formerly the Portuguese overseas province of St. Thomas and Prince Islands) is located in the Gulf of Guinea 150 miles (241 km.) off the West African coast. It has an area of 372 sq. mi. (960 sq. km.) and a population of 149,000. Capital: São Tomé. The economy of the islands is based on cocoa, copra and coffee. St. Thomas and St. Prince were uninhabited when discovered by Portuguese navigators Joao de Santarem and Pedro de Escobar in 1470. After the failure of their initial settlement in 1485, the Portuguese successfully colonized St. Thomas with a colony of prisoners and exiled Jews in 1493. An initial prosperity based on the sugar trade gave way to a time of misfortune, 15671709, that saw the colony attacked and occupied or plundered by the French and Dutch; ravaged by the slave revolt of 1595; and finally rendered destitute by the transfer of the world sugar trade to Brazil. In the late 1800s, the colony turned from the production of sugar to cocoa, the basis of its present prosperity. The islands were designated a Portuguese overseas province in 1951. On 25 April 1974, the government of Portugal was seized by a military junta which reached agreements providing for independence for the Portuguese overseas provinces of Portuguese Guinea (Guinea-Bissau), Mozambique, Cape Verde Islands, Angola, and St. Thomas and Prince Islands. The Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe was declared on 12 July 1975. While independence was achieved, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s. The country held its first free elections in 1991, but frequent internal wrangling between the various political parties precipitated repeated changes in leadership and two failed coup attempts in 1995 and 2003. The recent discovery of oil in the Gulf of Guinea promises to attract increased attention to the small island nation.
RULERS: Portuguese to 1975
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Mil Reis = 1000 Reis to 1914 1 Escudo = 100 Centavos, 1911-1976 1 Dobra = 100 Centimos, 1977-
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banco Nacional Ultramarino Banco Nacional Ultramarino (BNU) (literally means Overseas National Bank) was established by Francisco de Oliveira Chamiço, Portugal Minister of the Navy and Overseas in Lisbon on 16 May 1864, under a Royal Charter Act of King Louis I. For further details refer to Angola.
BNU in Sao Tomé and Príncipe (São Tomé e Príncipe) BNU branch in São Tomé was opened in 1868. In 1921 the new Francisco Chamiço series “ISSUE CHAMIÇO”, overprinted S. TOMÉ e PRÍNCIPE (Pick 19-25). Starting 1946, a new issue was introduced with a design special to Sao Tomé and Príncipe, overprinted S. TOMÉ e PRÍNCIPE COLÓNIA PORTUGUESA (Pick 32-34) and since 1958 simply S. TOMÉ e PRÍNCIPE. BNU last series was of 1974.
544
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
Banco Nacional de São Tomé e Príncipe and Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe On 24 May 1975 following the country’s independence Banco Nacional de São Tomé e Príncipe was founded. Its first banknotes issue was a provisional series; 1956-1964 BNU series (Pick 36-40) overprinted with red three lines indicating the new issuing authority, BANCO NACIONAL DE S. TOMÉ E PRÍNCIPE; date 1 June 1976; and the Governor’s signature. On left appeared the new bank’s emblem. In 1977 a regular series was released with Dobra as the currency unit which exchanged at par to the escudo. On 26 August 1992 the Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe was founded to replace the Banco Nacional; its first banknotes were issued in 1993 (Pick 63-64) and ever since.
www.spink.com
545
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x574 Banco Central de S. Tome e Principe, a group of the 1993 and 1996 Issues comprising 500 Dobras, 26 August 1993, violet; 1,000 Dobras, 26 August 1993, blue; 5,000 Dobras, 22 October 1996, purple and multicolor; 10,000 Dobras, 22 October 1996, green and multicolor ; 20,000 Dobras, 22 October 1996, red and multicolor; 50,000 Dobras, 22 October 1996, brown and multicolor, all Rei Amador at right. (Pick 63, 64, 65a, 66a, 67a, 68a), colorful, uncirculated (6) Estimate ÂŁ50-70 546
www.spink.com
Senegal The Republic of Senegal, located on the bulge of West Africa between Mauritania and Guinea-Bissau, has an area of 75,750 sq. mi. (196,190 sq. km.) and a population of 9.49 million. Capital: Dakar. The economy is primarily agricultural. Peanuts and products, phosphates, and canned fish are exported. An abundance of megalithic remains indicates that Senegal was inhabited in prehistoric times. The Portuguese had some trading stations on the banks of the Senegal River in the 15th century. French commercial establishments date from the 17th century. The French gradually acquired control over the interior regions, which were administered as a protectorate until 1920, and as a colony thereafter. After the 1958 French constitutional referendum, Senegal became a member of the French Community with virtual autonomy. In 1959 Senegal and the French Soudan merged to form the Mali Federation, which became fully independent on June 20, 1960. (April 4, the date the transfer of power agreement was signed with France, is celebrated as Senegal’s Independence Day) The Federation broke up on Aug. 20, 1960, when Senegal seceded and proclaimed the Republic of Senegal. Soudan became the Republic of Mali a month later. Senegal became a member of the “Union Monetaire Ouest-Africaine” in 1963. Also see French West Africa, Upper Senegal-Niger, West African States.
RULERS: French to 1960
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Franc = 100 Centimes
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque du Sénégal Banque du Sénégal was founded on 21 December 1853; it started issuing banknotes in 1854 and they were in use, though not widely, up to 1901 when the Banque de l’ Afrique Occidentale was established replaced it and issued its own banknotes.
W WI emergency issue On 11 February 1917, due to the savvier shortage of coins causeed as WWI impacted, a special decree had been published approving the print of emergency notes of 50 centimes (a half franc), 1 and 2 franc currency notes. The notes were issued locally by each of the colonies distinguish by colours and signatures of the (colony) treasury and Governor. The design of the three notes included the relevant denomination coin at left and right of the obverse and the decree text on the reverse. The printed headline of each note was GOUVERNEMENT GÉNÉRAL DE L’A.O.F. (Afrique Occidentale Francaise) and a local print of COLONIE DU…. (colony of….). Notes issued as following:
548
Colony / denomination
0.50 franc
1 franc
2 francs
Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Red-black
Green-yellow
Reddish
Dahomey
Red
Orange-yellow
-
Guinée française (French Guinea)
Brown
Blue-green
-
Haut Sénégal et Niger (Upper Senegal and Niger)
Brown
-
-
Sénégal (Senegal)
Blue-green
Red (bright)
Orangeyellow
Soudan (Sudan)
Brown
-
-
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x575 Governement General de l’Afrique Occidentale Francaise, Colonie du Senegal, 0.50 franc, 11 February 1917, serial number E-73 265, blue on pale green, 50 centimes coin at left and right, COLONIE DU SENEGAL in black text at centre, reverse black and white, text. (Pick 1b), ex Mel Steinberg. About uncirculated and scarce Estimate £220-260
x576 Governement General de l’Afrique Occidentale Francaise, Colonie du Senegal, 1 franc, 11 February 1917, serial number P-57 984, red on pale pink, 1 franc coin at left and right, COLONIE DU SENEGAL in black text at centre, reverse black and white, text. (Pick 2c), ex Mel Steinberg. Good extremely fine, scarce Estimate £220-260
www.spink.com
549
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x577 Governement General de l’Afrique Occidentale Francaise, Colonie du Senegal, 2 francs, 11 February 1917, serial number A-22 271, orange on yellow, 2 francs coin at left and right, COLONIE DU SENEGAL in black text at centre, reverse black and white, text. (Pick 3a), ex Mel Steinberg. Good extremely fine and scarce Estimate £280-320
550
www.spink.com
Seychelles The Republic of Seychelles, an archipelago of 85 granite and coral islands situated in the Indian Ocean 600 miles (965 km.) northeast of Madagascar, has an area of 156 sq. mi. (455 sq. km.) and a population of 82,400. Among these islands are the Aldabra Islands, the Farquhar Group, and Ile Desroches, which the United Kingdom ceded to the Seychelles upon its independence. Capital: Victoria, on Mahe. The economy is based on fishing, a plantation system of agriculture and tourism. Copra, cinnamon and vanilla are exported. Although the Seychelles are marked on Portuguese charts of the early 16th century, the first recorded visit to the islands, by an English ship, occurred in 1609. The Seychelles were annexed to France by Captain Lazare Picault in 1743 and permanently settled in 1768, with the intention of establishing spice plantations to compete with the Dutch monopoly of the spice trade. British troops seized the islands in 1810, during the Napoleonic Wars; they were formally ceded to Britain by the Treaty of Paris, 1814. The Seychelles were a dependency of Mauritius until 31 August 1903, when they became a separate British Crown Colony. The colony was granted limited internal self- government in 1970, and attained independence on 28 June 1976, becoming Britain’s last African possession to do so. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. President France-Albert Rene, who had served since 1977, was re-elected in 2001, but stepped down in 2004. Vice President James Michel took over the presidency and in July 2006 was elected to a new five-year term. Seychelles is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The president is the Head of State and of Government.
RULERS: British to 1976
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Rupee = 100 Cent
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
W WI and post war emergency issue The British Legislative Council authorised the establishment of a Board of Commissioners of Currency through the Paper Currency Ordinance of 1914, which was enacted by the Governor of the Colony of the Seychelles, C. R. M. O’Brien, on 10 August 1914. In 1914, the government produced emergency issues of notes for 50 cents, 1, 5 and 10 rupees (Pick A1-A4). In 1919 following war impacts, 50 cents and 1 rupee, were issued (Pick A5-A6), identical to the 1914 notes.
The Seychelles rupee 1918 - 1936 As Seychelles was administered from Mauritius, with the opening of the Mauritius Commercial Bank in 1838 the same currency was in circulation as in Mauritius. This included the dollar notes, the pound and the rupee. Though Seychelles became a “Crown Colony” in 1903, being directly administered from Britain, the Mauritian currency still remained in use up to 1919. Following the local WWI emergency issue, the Colonial Government approved the issue of the colony’s currency notes at par with the Commissioners of Currency of Mauritius rupee. Notes of 50 cents and 1 rupee (Pick 1-2), began to be issued in 1918, followed by 5, 10 and 50 rupees (Pick 3-5) in 1928.
The Seychelles Currency Board, 1936 - 1978 Central Banking in the Seychelles started as far back as 1936, with the establishment of the Seychelles Currency Board, similar to other British colonies of the time. The Seychelles Notes Ordinance and the Coinage Ordinance of 1936 bestowed the responsibility for the issue and redemption of Seychelles currency on the Colonial Secretary and later, with the Financial Secretary, acting as Currency Commissioner. During WWII there were no less than 29 foreign currencies in circulation in the colony to overcome the local currency shortage. Between 1947 and 1970 there was an intense debate on the adoption of the “shilling” as the unit of the currency instead of the rupee and the matter was finally shelved in 1970. Seychelles issued its first set of complete paper currency in 1968 with the effigy of Queen Elizabeth 11 replacing all existing notes. Following the country’s independence, the Seychelles Currency Board issued new series of notes, composed of 10, 25, 50 and 100 rupees (Pick 19-22); it featured the first president of the Seychelles, James Mancham; the headline on the notes was REPUBLIC OF SEYCHELLES instead of the previous GOVERNMENT OF SEYCHELLES. 552
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x578 Government of the Seychelles, 50 cents, 6January 1951, serial number A/1 140703, violet and pale green, George VI in oval frame at left, value at right and at each corner, reverse blank. (Pick 6c), ex Mel Steinberg. An original and fresh very fine, scarce Estimate ÂŁ300-350
x579 Government of the Seychelles, 1 rupee, 7 July 1943, serial number B/1 130010, pale grey-blue, vignette of George VI in red oval frame at left. (Pick 7a), ex Mel Steinberg. Pinholes at
left, fine and scarce Estimate ÂŁ100-150
www.spink.com
553
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x580 Government of the Seychelles, 5 rupees, 7 April 1942, serial number A/3 44236, pink and dark green, head of George VI at left, Morgan signature. (Pick 8), ex Mel Steinberg. Uncirculated thus rare Estimate £250-300
x581 Government of the Seychelles, 5 rupees, 1 August 1954, serial number A/7 21332, pink and dark green, head of Elizabeth II at left, Addis signature. (Pick 11a), ex Mel Steinberg. Almost uncirculated thus rare Estimate £350-400
554
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x582 Government of the Seychelles, 5 rupees, 1 August 1960, serial number A/7 85567, pink and dark green, head of George VI at left. (Pick 11b), Almost uncirculated thus rare Estimate ÂŁ250-300
x583 Government of the Seychelles, 10 rupees, 1 January 1967, serial number A/4 20220, green and red, head of Elizabeth II at right. (Pick 12d), Almost uncirculated thus
rare Estimate ÂŁ600-700
www.spink.com
555
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x584 Government of the Seychelles, 50 rupees, 1 August 1954, serial number A/2 00558, black and white, head of Elizabeth II at right, Addis signature. (Pick 13b), in PMG holder 30, very fine,
minor rust, rare Estimate £800-1,000
x585 Government of the Seychelles, 5 rupees, 1 January 1968, serial number A/1 360638, brown and grey-green, Elizabeth II at right, Seychelles Black Parrot at left, reverse brown and pinkred. (Pick 14a), uncirculated Estimate £100-150
556
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x586 Government of the Seychelles, 10 rupees, 1 January 1968, serial number A/1 324828, turquoise and lilac, Elizabeth II at right, turtle at left with fishermen in canoe, reverse blue and olive. (Pick 15a), uncirculated, scarce Estimate ÂŁ250-300
x587 Government of the Seychelles, 20 rupees, 1 January 1968, serial number A/1 019857, purple, Elizabeth II at right, Bridled Tern at left at left , reverse purple. (Pick 16a), VG, scarce Estimate ÂŁ200-220
www.spink.com
557
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x588 Government of the Seychelles, 20 rupees, 1 January 1971, serial number A/1 249417, purple, Elizabeth II at right, Bridled Tern at left at left , reverse purple. (Pick 16b), uncirculated and quite rare especially in this
grade Estimate ÂŁ280-320 558
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x589 Government of the Seychelles, 50 rupees, 1 August 1973, serial number A/1 193045, green and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, sailing boat at left, reverse green, pale pink-red and blue. The fifty rupee note of 1968 became a collector’s item with the word “SEX” spelled by the palm fronds! In a letter to the IBNS editor from Colin Narbeth in 1995 (IBNS Journal, Volume 34, No.2, p.9, 1995), he wrote: “Enclosed, obtained from a secret source (an engraver at the printers) evidence to lay to rest the controversey over the SEX note. It was not the lady artist’s fault! Her drawing is enclosed (Mary Hawood) together with the Bradbury design by Brain Fox.”, disputing the famous design as an originally made by the artist. (Pick 17e), uncirculated and scarce in this grade. The ‘SEX’ note; Estimate £700-800 www.spink.com
559
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x590 Government of the Seychelles, 100 rupees, 1 August 1973, serial number A/1 067255, red and multicoloured, Elizabeth II at right, Land Turtles at left, value right centre and at each corner, reverse red and pale blue, value in field. (Pick 18d), uncirculated and rare. A modern ‘classic’ in the Commonwealth series. Estimate £3.500-4,000 560
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x591 Republic of the Seychelles, 10 rupees, ND (1976), prefix A/1, blue and multicoloured, 20 rupees, ND (1977), prefix A/1, purple and multicoloured and 50 rupees, ND (1977), prefix A/1, green and multicoloured, all President Mancham at right. (Pick 19a, 20a, 21a), uncirculated (3) Estimate ÂŁ180-200
www.spink.com
561
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
The Seychelles Monetary Authority, 1978 – 1982 and the Central Bank of Seychelles With the Board having no mandate to undertake monetary policy, adherence to a fixed exchange rate regime, implied that the domestic money supply would fluctuate according to the flows of external capital. As a result, on 24 November 1978 the Seychelles Monetary Authority Decree was enacted and the Seychelles Monetary Authority (SMA) was founded on 1 December 1978. In 1979 the first series was issued (Pick 23-26). The SMA Decree 1978 was turned into the Central Bank of Seychelles Act 1982 and on 1 January 1983, the Central Bank of Seychelles (CBS) was officially inaugurated.
x592 Seychelles Monetary Authority, 10 rupees, blue-green, Red Footed Booby, 25 rupees, brown, coconuts, 50 rupees, serial number A 000786, olive, turtle and 100 rupees, red, serial number A 000673, lion fish at centre, all ND (1979), also 100 rupees, ND (1980), serial number B 000729, brown and multicoloured, lion fish at centre. 23a-26a, 27a), uncirculated and the last three with very low serial numbers (5)
(Pick
Estimate ÂŁ300-320
562
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x593 Central Bank of the Seychelles, 10 rupees, blue,No. C000797; 25 rupees, violet,No. C 000716; 50 rupees, green, No. C 899697 and 100 rupees,brown,No. D 000995, all ND (1983). (Pick 28a, 29a, 30a, 31a), uncirculated
(4) Estimate ÂŁ80-100
x594 Central Bank of the Seychelles, 10 rupees, serial number A 001938, multicoloured, 25 rupees, serial number A 000149, violet and multicoloured, 50 rupees, serial number A 000691, green and multicoloured and 100 rupees, serial number A 000108, red and multicoloured, all ND (1989), all with bank building at centre. (Pick 32, 33, 34, 35), uncirculated and
all with low serial numbers (4) Estimate ÂŁ120-140
www.spink.com
563
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x595 Central Bank of the Seychelles, 10 rupees, serial number AA 080692,, green and blue, 25 rupees, serial number AA 466012, violet and multicoloured, 50 rupees, serial number AA 622017, green and multicoloured, 100 rupees, serial number AB 467645, red and multicoloured, also 500 rupees, serial number AA 366144, all ND (1989), all ND (1998), also 100 rupees, ND (2001), prefix AC with gold foil imprssion of sailfish top right. (Pick 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41), uncirculated (6) Estimate ÂŁ120-160 564
www.spink.com
Sierra Leone The Republic of Sierra Leone, a British Commonwealth nation located in western Africa between Guinea and Liberia, has an area of 27,699 sq. mi. (71,740 sq. km.) and a population of 4.87 million. Capital: Freetown. The economy is predominantly agricultural but mining contributes significantly to export revenues. Diamonds, iron ore, palm kernels, cocoa and coffee are exported. The coast of Sierra Leone was first visited by Portuguese and British slavers in the 15th and 16th centuries. The first settlement at Freetown was established in 1787 as a refuge for freed slaves within the British Empire, runaway slaves from the United States and blacks discharged from the British armed forces. The first settlers were virtually wiped out by tribal attacks and disease. The colony was re-established under the auspices of the Sierra Leone Company and transferred to the British Crown in 1907. The interior region was secured and established as a protectorate in 1896. Sierra Leone became independent within the Commonwealth on 27 April 1961, and adopted a republican constitution ten years later. Democracy is slowly being reestablished after the civil war from 1991 to 2002 that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than 2 million people (about one-third of the population). The military, which took over full responsibility for security following the departure of UN peacekeepers at the end of 2005, is increasingly developing as a guarantor of the country’s stability. The armed forces remained on the sideline during the 2007 presidential election, but still look to the UN Integrated Office in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL) - a civilian UN mission - to support efforts to consolidate peace. The new government’s priorities include furthering development, creating jobs, and stamping out endemic corruption. It is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The president is Chief of State and Head of Government. RULERS: British to 1971 MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Pound = 20 Shillings 1 Leone = 100 Cents
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank of Sierra Leone On 27 March, 1963, the Bank of Sierra Leone Act became law and the Bank began operation on 4 August, 1964, the day Sierra Leone changed to the decimal currency, the leone, replacing the British West African pound at a rate of 1 pound = 2 leones. At the same year the Bank introduced notes in denominations of 1, 2 and 5 leones (Pick 1-3). 50 cents notes were introduced in 1979, followed by 10 leones in 1980 and 20 leones notes in 1982. Throughout this period the value of the currency was fixed and remained relatively stable despite inherent economic problems. All pre civil war notes (1964-1991) depicted the head of state during the time of issue. The first series depicting Sir Milton Margai and later issues depicting either Siaka and Momoh. This practice ended with the ascension of the NPRC regime and has remained so despite the return to civilian government. Prior to June 2010, bank notes in circulation were 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 and 10,000 leones. 10,000 leones notes were in circulation for less than ten years and were infrequently encountered. This meant that most transactions took place in bundles of 5,000 leones notes. In June 2010, the Bank of Sierra Leone issued new notes which were slightly smaller in size than the earlier series and intended to be more secure and durable. Because of inflation, a 20,000 leone banknote has been suggested.
566
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x596 Bank of Sierra Leone, 1 leone, ND (1969), green, also 2 leones, ND (1970), red, both tree and court building at left. (Pick 1b,2d), fine and uncirculated (2) Estimate ÂŁ70-80
www.spink.com
567
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x597 Bank of Sierra Leone, 5 leones, ND (1964), serial number C/1 376436, purple and multicoloured, tree and court building at left, reverse purple and white, Freetown harbour at centre. (Pick 3a), ex Mel Steinberg. Extremely fine and scarce Estimate ÂŁ200-250
568
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x598 Bank of Sierra Leone, a group of the 1974-82 Issues comprising 50 Cents (2), 1979, 1984, brown; 1 Leone, 1984, green; 2 Leones, 1984, red; 5 Leones, 1981, purple; 20 Leones, 1984, brown; also 1 July 1980 Commemorative Issue comprising 1 Leone, green; 2 Leones, red; 5 Leones, purple and 10 Leones, blue, all President Siaka Stevens at left or right. (Pick 4c, 4e, 5e, 6h, 7d, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14b), uncirculated (10) Estimate ÂŁ120-140
www.spink.com
569
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x599 Bank of Sierra Leone, a group of the 1988-93 Issues comprising 20 Leones, 1988, brown; 50 Leones, 1988, purple; 100 Leones, 1988, blue, 500 Leones, 1991, brown and green, all President Momoh at right; 500 Leones, 1998, green, Londo at right; 1,000 Leones (2) 1993, 2002, multicoloured, BaiBureh at right; 2,000 Leones (2), brown and blue, Johnson at right; 5000 Leones (4), 1993, 1997, 2002, 2003, all Pieh at right; 10,000 Leones, 2004, green, dove at centre. (Pick 16, 17a, 18a, 19, 20a, 21a, 21c, 23b, 24a, 25, 26c, 27b, 28a, 29a),
uncirculated (14) Estimate ÂŁ60-80
570
www.spink.com
South Africa The Republic of South Africa, located at the southern tip of Africa, has an area, including the enclave of Walvis Bay, of 472,359 sq. mi. (1,221,040 sq. km.) and a population of 46.26 million. Capital: Administrative, Pretoria; Legislative, Cape Town; Judicial, Bloemfontein. Manufacturing, mining and agriculture are the principal industries. Exports include wool, diamonds, gold and metallic ores. Portuguese navigator Bartholomeu Diaz became the first European to sight the region of South Africa when he rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, but throughout the 16th century the only white men to come ashore were the survivors of ships wrecked while attempting the stormy Cape passage. The first permanent settlement was established by Jan van Riebeeck of the Dutch East India Company in 1652. In subsequent decades additional Dutch, Germans and Huguenot refugees from France settled in the Cape area to form the Afrikaner segment of today’s population. Great Britain captured the Cape colony in 1795, and again in 1806, receiving permanent title in 1814. To escape British political rule and cultural dominance, many Afrikaner farmers (Boers) migrated northward (the Great Trek) beginning in 1836, and established the independent Boer republics of the Transvaal (the South African Republic, Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek) in 1852, and the Orange Free State in 1854. British political intrigues against the two republics, coupled with the discovery of diamonds and gold in the Boer-settled regions, led to the bitter Boer Wars (1880- 1881, 1899-1902) and the incorporation of the Boer republics into the British Empire. On 31 May 1910, the two former Boer republics (Transvaal and Orange Free State) were joined with the British colonies of Cape of Good Hope and Natal to form the Union of South Africa, a dominion of the British Empire. In 1934 the Union achieved status as a sovereign state within the British Empire. Political integration of the various colonies did not still the conflict between the Afrikaners and the English-speaking groups, which continued to have a significant impact on political developments. A resurgence of Afrikaner nationalism in the 1940s and 1950s led to a referendum in the white community authorizing the relinquishment of dominion status and the establishment of a republic. The decision took effect on 31 May 1961. The Republic of South Africa withdrew from the British Commonwealth in October, 1961. The apartheid era ended on 27 April 1994 with the first democratic, multi- racial election. Nelson Mandela, under the African National Congress (ANC), was inaugurated as president on 10 May 1994. South Africa was readmitted to the Commonwealth of Nations.
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
South African currency carries inscriptions in both Afrikaans and English.
RULERS: British to 1961 MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1961 1 Rand = 100 Cents (10 Shillings), 1961-
South African Reserve Bank South Africa Reserve Bank was established in 1921 in terms of a special Act of Parliament, the Currency and Banking Act, 1920 (Act No. 31 of 1920). Prior to the Bank’s establishment, commercial banks in South Africa issued banknotes to the public. There was however no uniformity in the legislation providing for the issuance of banknotes by commercial banks. The only requirement was that issuing banks were obliged to convert notes held by the public into gold when banknotes were tendered at their branches. After the First World War (1914 - 1918), the price of gold in the United Kingdom rose above its price in South Africa and a profit could be made by converting banknotes into gold in South Africa and selling the gold in London. Commercial banks had to buy gold at a higher price in London (for re-import into South Africa to back their banknotes in issue) than the price at which they converted their banknotes into gold. This “obligation to trade at a loss” posed a serious threat to the ability of banks to continue meeting their obligations. To protect their financial viability, the commercial banks requested the Government to release them from the obligation to convert their banknotes into gold on demand. This led to the Gold Conference of October 1919. Following the recommendations of the Conference, a Select Committee of Parliament recommended the establishment of a central bank to assume, among other responsibilities, responsibility for the issuing of banknotes and for taking over the gold held by commercial banks. The South African Parliament accepted the recommendation of the Select Committee on the creation of a central bank and promulgated in December 1920 the Currency and Banking Act, which provided for the establishment of the Bank. Effect was given to its various provisions in the course of the next six months and the Reserve Bank opened its doors for business for the first time on 30 June 1921.
Banknotes in South Africa The government of the Cape of Good Hope issued a 1 pound note in 1835 and a 20 pound note in 1834 (Pick 22-23). In 1865 the Zuid Afrikaansche Republik (ZAR) in Transvaal issued notes of Rix dollar (Pick 24-25) just like the East India Company (EIC) notes (Pick 1-17, 18-21) and between 1866 and 1872 notes of 6 pence, 1, 2½, 5 and 10 shillings, 1, 5 and 10 pond (Pick 26-47). The National Bank of the ZAR issued between 1892 and 1893 denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 pond (Pick 48-53). During the Second Boer War, government notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 pond (Pick 54-64). In 1920, Treasury 572
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
gold certificate notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 100, 1000 and 10,000 pounds (Pick 69-73). From 1921, the South African Reserve Bank took over the issuance of paper money, introducing on 19 April 1922 notes for 10 shillings, 1, 5, 20 and 100 pounds (Pick 74-78), SHIP SERIES. 100 pound notes were last issued in 1933, with 10 pound notes added in 1943. Starting 1948 and until 1994 when the country became multi-racial and democratic, all South African notes depicted on the obverse side Jan van Riebeeck, a Dutch colonial administrator and founder of Cape Town and the founding father of the Afrikaner nation. All banknotes were bilingual in English and Afrikaans. From 1948, two variants of each note were issued, one with English written first and the other with Afrikaans written first. The South African pound was replaced by the rand (taken from the name of the rocky hills Witwatersrand, White waters ridge in Johannesburg), on 14 February 1961 at a rate of 2 rand = 1 pound. The introduction of the new currency occurred within the political changes which picked three months later, on 31 May when the Republic of South Africa was established. The rand and pound rate continued until the Sterling devaluation in 1967 when South Africa did not follow suit. The rand first series of rand banknotes was introduced in 1961 in denominations of 1, 2, 10 and 20 rand (Pick 103-108A), with similar designs and colours to the preceding pound notes to ease the transition. Like the last pound notes, they came in two variants, one with English written first and the other with Afrikaans written first; the notes did not include 5 rand notes as it only reflected the pound exchange rate. This practice was continued in the 1966 series which included the first 5 rand notes (Pick 112) but did not include the 20 rand denomination. The 1978 series began with denominations of 2, 5 and 10 rand, with 20 and 50 rand introduced in 1984 (Pick 115-122). This series saw a major design change. In addition, the series has only one variant for each denomination of note. Afrikaans was the first language on the 2, 10 and 50 rand, while English was the first language on 5 and 20 rand; the 1 rand note was replaced by a coin. In the 1990s, the notes were redesigned with images of the Big Five wildlife species. 10, 20 and 50 rand notes (Pick 123-125) were introduced in 1992, retaining the colour scheme of the previous issue and in 1994 notes were introduced for 100 and 200 rand. In 2010, the South African Reserve Bank and commercial banks withdrew all 1990 series R 200 banknotes due to relatively high quality counterfeit notes in circulation. On 11 February 2012, President Jacob Zuma announced that the country would be issuing a complete set of banknotes bearing Nelson Mandela’s image. They were entered into circulation on 6 November 2012. Since 1995, the South African includes 10 official languages along with English which appears on all of the notes: 10 rand: English, Afrikaans, Swati 20 rand: English, Southern Ndebele, Tswana 50 rand: English, Venda, Xhosa 100 rand: English, Northern Sotho, Tsonga 200 rand: English, Sotho, Zulu
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573
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x600 South African Reserve Bank, £1, 2 September 1927, serial number A/15 454320, black, pale pink and blue, galleon at left, allegorical scenes of South Africa in field, Clegg signature, reverse brown and pale blue, value at right, head of Van Riebeeck at left. (Pick 80), ex Mel Steinberg,VG, presentable enough and a very rare type Estimate £400-500
x601 South African Reserve Bank, £1, 6 November 1941, serial number A/111 085668, black, pale pink and blue, galleon at left, allegorical scenes of South Africa in field, Postumus signature, reverse brown and pale blue, arms at centre, value at centre. (Pick 84e), ex Mel Steinberg, almost extremely fine Estimate £100-120
574
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x602 South African Reserve Bank, £5, 30 November 1937, serial number B/13 565065, green and pale pink , galleon at left, allegorical scenes of South Africa in field, Postumus signature, reverse green, arms and value at centre. (Pick 86b), central crease otherwise an
original extremely fine and scarce Estimate £150-200
x603 South African Reserve Bank, a selection of rand issues comprising 1 rand, brown, signature 4, 2 rand (2), blue, signature 4, 10 rand (2), green, signature 4,20 rand (2), purple, signature 4, all with head of Van Riebeeck at left on obverse. (Pick 102b, 104b, 105b, 106b, 107b, 108a,108A), first three uncirculated,
balance very fine to extra fine (7) Estimate £180-220
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575
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x604 South African Reserve Bank, a selection of rand issues comprising 1 rand (2), brown, signaure 4,5, 5 rand, violet, signature 5, 10 rand (2), green, signature 5, all with head of Van Riebeeck at left on obverse. (Pick 109a, 110b, 112b, 113c, 114c),
uncirculated (5) Estimate £50-70
x605 South African Reserve Bank, a selection comprising 1 rand, brown,2 rand, blue, 2 rand (2), blue, 5 rand, violet, 10 rand, green, 20 rand, brown, 50 rand, red, all with head of Van Riebeeck at left on obverse. (Pick 115b, 117a, 118c, d, 119d, 120d, 121c, 122a), mixed grades, last three
uncirculated (8) Estimate £60-70
576
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x606 South African Reserve Bank, 10 rand (2), rhino, 20 rand, elephant, 50 rand, lion, 100 rand, buffalo, signaute 7, and 200 rand (2), leopard, all ND (1992-1994.) (Pick 123a,b, 124a, 125b, 126a, 127b(2)), uncirculated
(7) Estimate ÂŁ100-120 www.spink.com
577
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x607 South African Reserve Bank, 10 rand, rhino, 20 rand, elephant, 50 rand, lion, 100 rand, buffalo, 200 rand, leopard, all ND (2005). (Pick 128-132), uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ60-80 578
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Southern Rhodesia Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), located in the east- central part of southern Africa, has an area of 150,804 sq. mi. (390,580 sq. km.) and a population of 10.1 million. Capital: Salisbury. The economy is based on agriculture and mining. Tobacco, sugar, asbestos, copper and chrome ore and coal are exported. The Rhodesian area, the habitat of paleolithic man, contains extensive evidence of earlier civilizations, notably the world- famous ruins of Zimbabwe, a gold trading center that flourished about the 14th or 15th century AD. The Portuguese in the 16th century were the first Europeans to attempt to develop south-central Africa, but it remained for Cecil Rhodes and the British South Africa Co. to open the hinterlands. Rhodes obtained a concession for mineral rights from local chiefs in 1888 and administered his African empire (named Southern Rhodesia in 1895) through the British South Africa Co. until 1923, when the British government annexed the area after the white settlers voted for existence as a separate entity, rather than for incorporation into the Union of South Africa. From September of 1953 through 1963 Southern Rhodesia was joined with the British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland into a multiracial federation. When the federation was dissolved at the end of 1963, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland became the independent states of Zambia and Malawi. Britain was prepared to grant independence to Southern Rhodesia but declined to do so when the politically dominant white Rhodesians refused to give assurances of representative government. On 11 May 1965, following two years of unsuccessful negotiation with the British government, Prime Minister Ian Smith issued a unilateral declaration of independence. Britain responded with economic sanctions supported by the United Nations. After further futile attempts to effect an accommodation, the Rhodesian Parliament severed all ties with Britain, and on 2 March 1970, established the Republic of Rhodesia. On 3 March 1978, Prime Minister Ian Smith and three moderate black nationalist leaders signed an agreement providing for black majority rule. The name of the country was changed from Zimbabwe to Rhodesia. After the election of March 3, 1980, the country changed its name again and became the Republic of Zimbabwe. Also see Rhodesia, Rhodesia and Nyasaland, and Zimbabwe. RULERS: British MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Southern Rhodesia Currency Board and Central Africa Currency Board With the coming into operation on 3 January, 1939, of the “Coinage and Currency Act, 1938”, all previous legislation regarding bank notes was repealed. In terms of the new Act the Banks ceased to issue bank notes on 1 March, 1940, and on the same date currency notes issued by the Southern Rhodesia Currency Board became the note issue of Southern Rhodesia. On 8 June, 1940 and 1 November, 1940, currency notes became legal tender in Nyasaland and Northern Rhodesia, respectively, after which dates the banks ceased to issue bank notes for circulation in those territories. The first currency notes issued were of the 10/-, £1 and £5 denominations (Pick 9-11) and the main features common to all the front designs were the portrait of King George VI, the Coat-of-Arms of Southern Rhodesia, a watermark consisting of the head of Cecil John Rhodes (three-quarter profile) and, around the watermark panel, the following quotation from Rudyard Kipling’s (1865 – 1936; an English short-story writer, poet, and novelist) verse of ‘The Burial’ poem: “The immense and brooding spirit still shall quicken and control; living he was the land and dead his soul shall be her soul.”; the poem was written by Kipling as a tribute to Cecil Rhodes (d. 26 March 1902) to be read at the burial of the latter on 10 April 1902. A feature common to the back designs was a relief engraving of the head of a sable antelope. Soon after the first issue, the £5 note had the symbols “£5” superimposed centrally in large white characters on the face of the note (Pick 11b) to make it more distinguishable from the £1 note in certain circumstances. On 1 March 1942, commercial bank notes ceased to be legal tender in Southern Rhodesia. In 1943, in order to conserve silver and other metals for vital war-time purposes, 5/- currency notes (Pick 8a) were printed and issued; these notes, which had no watermark, also bore the portrait of King George VI on the front and, on the back, were printed with a geometrical design. Soon after issue, it was found that the size of the 5/- note was too small to permit easy handling and for that reason the size was increased but the design remained unchanged (Pick 8b). In 1948, the Currency Board ceased to issue 5/- notes but those in circulation remained legal tender and the issue was allowed to die out. On the death of King George VI in 1952, the King’s portrait was replaced by that of Queen Elizabeth II on the 10/-, £1 and £5 denominations (Pick 12-14). In April,
580
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
1953, in response to demands by the banks for a note of higher denomination than £5, £10 currency notes were issued (Pick 15); in addition to most of the main features common to the designs of the other denominations, the £10 note bore, on the front, an engraving of a lion and, on the back, a group of three elephants. With the coming of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, in 1953, the name of the “Southern Rhodesia Currency Board” was changed to the “Central Africa Currency Board” and this necessitated minor changes in the text printed on the notes, but otherwise the designs remained unaltered (Pick 16-19). Southern Rhodesia and CentraI Africa currency notes ceased to be legal tender on 1 June 1965, and in terms of Rhodesia Government Notice No. 96 of 1968, the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia was not required, with effect from the 16 February 1968, to make payment for Southern Rhodesia and Central Africa Currency notes but might, in its sole discretion, continue to make payment on such terms and conditions as it might deem fit.
www.spink.com
581
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x608 Southern Rhodesia Currency Board, 5 Shillings, 1 January 1948, serial number D/51 010,547, Thornton and Bessle signatures, purple, portrait of King George VI at right, reverse value in guilloche. (Pick 8b), nick in top margin, otherwise
very fine Estimate £100-120
x609 Southern Rhodesia Currency Board, 10 Shillings, 1 September 1951, serial number A/120 067,806, signature Gordon Munro, brown, portrait of King George VI at right, reverse Victoria Falls. (Pick 9f), very fine Estimate £120-140
582
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x610 Southern Rhodesia Currency Board, £5, 1 November 1947, serial number C/9 075,397, Greggs and Bessle signatures, blue, brown and multicoloured, portrait of King George VI at right, reverse Victoria Falls. (Pick 11c, unlisted signatures), ex Mel
Steinberg, top right corner tip missing, otherwise good fine Estimate £260-300
x611 Central Africa Currency Board, 10 Shillings, 10 September 1955, serial number A/197 027,694, Nicholson and Grafftey-Smith signatures, brown and multicoloured, portrait of Queen Elizabeth II at right, reverse Victoria Falls. (Pick 16), ex Mel Steinberg, pressed,
otherwise good fine Estimate £130-150
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583
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Commercial Banks banknotes in Southern Rhodesia In 1922, commercial bank notes were made legal tender in the territory of Southern Rhodesia in accordance with the “Bank Notes Ordinance, 1922”, the relative provision of which read: “Bank notes issued within the territory of Southern Rhodesia... by any bank carrying on business therein at the date of this Ordinance coming into effect... shall be regarded as money....” This Ordinance was repealed on 30 June 1925, on reversion to the gold standard and from then until 30 June, 1931, when Act 28 of 1931 came into force, bank notes were not legal tender but they continued to circulate freely in the Colony. Under the provisions of Act 28 of 1931, the Southern Rhodesia Treasurer was authorised to allow, by written permit under his hand, the issue of bank notes for circulation in the Colony and by Act 34 of 1931 bank notes were declared to be legal tender for the amount expressed in such notes. The last bank notes issued for circulation by the commercial banks were those of the “Rhodesian Issue” of the Standard Bank of South Africa Limited and Barclays D.C. & O. and those notes remained legal tender in Southern Rhodesia until 1 March 1942. The Standard Bank notes (Rhodesian Issue) all had for their reverse design the head of the figure of the Standard Bank emblem in a central boss but the front designs varied as follows:The Barclays Bank notes (Rhodesian Issue) of the 10/-, £1 and £5 denominations all had, for their front design, a view of the Victoria Falls on the sinister half and an engraving of the figure of Juno, the Roman Goddess, on the Dexter halt. For their reverse design, the notes had an engraving of a lion at the bottom centre.
584
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x612 Barclays Bank (Dominion, Colonial and overseas), Rhodesian Issue, ÂŁ1, Salisbury, 17 September 1926, serial number A 124452, blue and pale yellow and lilac, maiden with shield and rams at left, falls at right, manuscript signature low left, printed signature low right, RHODESIAN ISSUE in top border, reverse blue and pale yellow, lion low centre. (Pick S112a) ex Mel Steinberg, an original good very fine, scarce
in this grade, most beautiful image of lion Estimate ÂŁ700-900
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585
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x613 Standard Bank of South Africa, Rhodesia, 10 shillings, Salisbury, 17 November 1933, serial number R 1/2 A376768, black, pale orange and pale green, Van Riebeeck at left, Britannia at right, R in ornate script at centre, two handstamped signatures low centre, reverse green, turreted female head at centre, value at left and right. (Pick S146b) ex Mel Stienberg, an original and pleasing good very fine, rare Estimate ÂŁ500-600 586
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South West Africa South West Africa (now the Republic of Namibia), the former German territory of German South West Africa, is situated on the Atlantic coast of southern Africa, bounded on the north by Angola, on the east by Botswana, and on the south by South Africa. It has an area of 318,261 sq. mi. (824,290 sq. km.) and a population of 1.4 million. Capital: Windhoek. Diamonds, copper, lead, zinc and cattle are exported. South Africa undertook the administration of South West Africa under the terms of a League of Nations mandate on 17 December 1920. When the League of Nations was dissolved in 1946, its supervisory authority for South West Africa was inherited by the United Nations. In 1946 the UN denied South Africa’s request to annex Southwest Africa. South Africa responded by refusing to place the territory under a UN trusteeship. In 1950 the International Court of Justice ruled that South Africa could not unilaterally modify the international status of South West Africa. A 1966 UN resolution declaring the mandate terminated was rejected by South Africa, and the status of the area remained in dispute. In June 1968 the UN General Assembly voted to rename the country Namibia. It became a republic in March 1990. Notes of the three emission banks circulated until 1963 and were then replaced by notes of South Africa.
RULERS: British
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Commercial Africa
Banks
banknotes
in
Southwest
South Africa banknotes were circulated in South West Africa until 1931 when commercial banks were granted with the privilege of issuing banknotes to the territory and by an Act of 1931 banknotes were declared to be legal tender for the amount expressed in such notes. Initially two commercial banks operated in this field, Barclays D.C. O. and Standard Bank of South Africa Limited, both issued notes of 10/-, £1 and £5 (Pick 1-6 and 7-12). In 1949 Volkskas Limited / Volkskas Beperk (Afrikaans: Peoples’ Bank) was granted rights to issue its own banknotes (Pick 13-15). The Standard Bank of South Africa Limited notes were the only to carry the issuing place ‘Windhoek’ while Barclays D.C. O. and Volkskas Limited indicated in their promissory that notes will be payable in ‘Windhoek’; the two latter also included in the reverse side a pound nominal in German along with Afrikaans and English while Standard Bank only indicated on the upper right side of the obverse the name of the currency in German under the proper numeral value (as the territory was the former German South West Africa).
588
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x614 Barclays Bank D.C.O., 10 Shillings, 29 November 1958, serial number BT714550, red on multicoloured underprint, sheep at left, value in guilloche at centre, reverse bank arms. (Pick 4b), ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated
and very rare in this grade Estimate £800-1,000
x615 Barclays Bank D.C.O., £1, 1 September 1956, serial number CF835167, blue on multicoloured underprint, sheep at left, value in guilloche at centre, reverse bank arms. (Pick 5a), ex Mel Steinberg, about very
fine Estimate £110-130
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589
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x616 Standard Bank of South Africa Limited, £5, 21 September 1953, serial number SW/5 215871, carmine on green and multicoloured underprint, waterfall at right, tree and sheep at left, value in guilloche at centre, reverse kudu, lake and mountains.
(Pick 9c), ex Mel Steinberg, very good Estimate £100-120
x617 Standard Bank of South Africa Limited, £1, 15 June 1959, serial number SW/1 1635422, orange on green and multicoloured underprint, waterfall at right, tree and sheep at left, value in guilloche at centre, reverse kudu, lake and mountains. (Pick 11), ex Mel Steinberg, pressed,
otherwise very fine Estimate £120-140
590
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Swaziland The Kingdom of Swaziland, located in southeastern Africa, has an area of 6,704 sq. mi. (17,360 sq. km.) and a population of 984,000. Capital: Mbabane (administrative); Lobamba (legislative). The diversified economy includes mining, agriculture and light industry. Asbestos, iron ore, wood pulp and sugar are exported. Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted in 1968. Student and labour unrest during the 1990s pressured King Mswati III, the world’s last absolute monarch, to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy, although he has backslid on these promises in recent years. A constitution came into effect in 2006, but political parties remain banned. The African United Democratic Party tried unsuccessfully to register as an official political party in mid 2006. Talks over the constitution broke down between the government and progressive groups in 2007.
RULERS: British to 1968 Sobhuza II, 1968-82 Queen Ntombi, as regent, 1982-86 King Mswati III, 1986-
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Lilangeni = 100 Cents
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Monetary Authority of Swaziland and Central Bank of Swaziland On 22 March 1974, King Sobhuza II established The Monetary Authority of Swaziland, through The Monetary Authority of Swaziland Order of 1974. On 1 April 1974, the Bank officially began its operations. At the very beginning, the Monetary Authority of Swaziland’s staff complement totalled only 8 people. On 31 March 2008, the staff complement totalled 270. On 6 September 1974, the Independence Day, the national currency, Lilangeni was issued as following 1 lilangeni, 2, 5 and 10 emalangeni (Pic 1-4); the ecstatic celebrations were held at Somhlolo Stadium, where King Sobhuza II officially launched the new national currency. It was pegged at par with the South African Rand. Following this, in 1975, the Financial Institutions Order was promulgated to regulate commercial banks. 20 emalangeni notes (Pick 5) were introduced in 1978. On 18 July 1979, the Order-in-Council was amended, replacing The Monetary Authority of Swaziland with the Central Bank of Swaziland and the Central Bank’s first issue were King Sobhuza II Diamond Jubilee commemorative notes (Pick 6-7).
592
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x618 Monetary Authority of Swaziland, a group of the 1974 Issue comprising 1 Lilangeni, serial number H885566, red; 2 Emalangeni (2), brown;10 Emalangeni, blue; Central Bank of Swaziland, a group of the ND (198285) Issues comprising 2 Emalangeni (2), 1984, brown; 5 Emalangeni, 1984, green; 10 Emalangeni, 1985, blue; 20 Emalangeni, 1985, purple, all King Sobhuza II at left. [Pick 1a, 2a (2), 4a, 8b (2), 9b, 10c, 11b], uncirculated (9) Estimate ÂŁ60-80
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593
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x619 Central Bank of Swaziland, 20 Emalangeni, ND (1986), purple; also a group of the ND (1987) Issue comprising 2 Emalangeni, brown;10 Emalangeni, blue; 20 Emalangeni, purple; also 20 Emalangeni, 19 April 1989, commemorative issue, violet, all King Maswati III at left. (Pick 12a, 13a, 15a, 16a, 17a),
uncirculated (5) Estimate £140-160
x620 Central Bank of Swaziland, a group of the ND (1990, 1992) Issues comprising 2 Emalangeni, 1994, brown; 5 Emalangeni, 1990, green; 10 Emalangeni, 1990, blue; 20 Emalangeni, 1990, violet; 50 Emalangeni, 1990, red, all King Maswati III at left. (Pick 18b, 19a, 20a, 21a, 22a),
uncirculated (5) Estimate £70-90
594
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x621 Central Bank of Swaziland, a group of the 1995-98 Issue comprising 5 Emalangeni, ND (1995), green; 10 Emalangeni, ND (1995), blue; 20 Emalangeni (3), 1 April 1998, violet; 50 Emalangeni, 1 April 1995, red; 100 Emalangeni, 6 September 1996, brown; also 200 Emalangeni (2), 6 September 1998, green, commemorative issue, all King Maswati III at left. [Pick 23a, 24a, 25c (3), 26a, 27a, 28a (2)], uncirculated (9) Estimate ÂŁ150-170
www.spink.com
595
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x622 Central Bank of Swaziland, a group of the 2001 Issue comprising 10 Emalangeni, 2006, blue; 20 Emalangeni (2), 2001, 2004, violet; 50 Emalangeni (3), 2001, red; 100 Emalangeni (3), 2001, signature 10b, brown; a group of the 2004-2008 commemorative issues; 100 Emalangeni, 2004, brown, 30th Anniversary of for Swaziland currency; 100 Emalangeni (2), 2008, brown and 200 Emalangeni (2), 2008, green, both King’s 40th birthday commemorative, all King Maswati III at left. [Pick 29a, 30a, 30c, 31a (2), 32a (3) 33, 34 (2), 35 (2)] uncirculated (14) Estimate £100-120
596
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Tanzania The United Republic of Tanzania, located on the east coast of Africa between Kenya and Mozambique, consists of Tanganyika and the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba. It has an area of 945,090 sq. km. and a population of 40.21 million. Capital: Dodoma. The chief exports are cotton, coffee, diamonds, sisal, cloves, petroleum products and cashew nuts. Shortly after achieving independence from Britain in the early 1960s, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar’s semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers’ claims of voting irregularities.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilingi (Shilling) = 100 Senti
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank of Tanzania Following the decision to dissolve the East Africa Currency Board (EACB) and to establish separate Central Banks in Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda, the Bank of Tanzania Act, 1965, was passed by the National Assembly in December 1965, and the Bank was opened by the first President of Tanzania Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere on 14 June 1966; later that year, new notes were introduced 5, 10, 20 and 100 shilingi (also denominated in shillings on the first series of notes) (Pick 1-5). 50 shilingi notes were introduced in 1985, followed by 200 shilingi in 1986, 500 shilingi in 1989 and 1000 shilingi in 1990. The 10, 20, 50 and 100 shilingi notes were replaced by coins in 1987, 1990, 1996 and 1994, respectively. 5000 and 10,000 shilingi notes were introduced in 1995, followed by 2000 shilingi in 2003. A new series of notes came out in 2011. These new notes include many security features that prevent counterfeiting.
598
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x623 Bank of Tanzania, 5 shillings, ND (1966), brown, 10 shillings (2), green, signatures 2 and 5, 20 shillings, signature 5, blue and 100 shillings, red, signature 1, all ND (1966), all President Julius K. Nyerere at righton obverse. (Pick 1, 2b, 2e, 3e, 4a), the 2b VG, the 4a extremely fine, the balance uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ250-280 www.spink.com
599
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x624 Bank of Tanzania, 10 shilingi, green, 20 shilingi, violet, 100 shilingi, red, all ND (1977-1978), all Nyerere at right, 20 and 100 shilingi, ND (1985), 100 shilingi, ND (1986), blue-green, Nyerere, 20,50 (2),200 shilingi, ND (1986-1987), all President Ali Hassan Miwinyi at right, 50 shilingi and 1000 shilingi, ND (1990-1992), Miwinyi at right. (Pick 6c, 7c, 8d, 9, 11, 14a, 15, 16a(2), 18, 19, 22), uncirculated, last note
extremely fine (12) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
600
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x625 Bank of Tanzania, a selection of notes from the ND (1993-1997) series comprising 50, 100, 200, 500(2),1,000, 5.000, 10.000 shilingi, all Mwinyi at right, 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000 shilingi, ND (1997), 1,000 shilingi. (Pick 23, 24, 25, 26b, 26c, 27b, 28, 29, 30-33, 34), uncirculated (13) Estimate ÂŁ120-180
www.spink.com
601
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x626 Bank of Tanzania, a selection of notes from the ND (2000), 500, 1.000, 2,000, 5,000 and 10,000 shilingi, ND (2003). (Pick 35-39), uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ60-60
602
www.spink.com
Uganda  The Republic of Uganda, a former British protectorate located astride the equator in east-central Africa, has an area of 236,040 sq. km. and a population of 31.37 million. Capital: Kampala. Agriculture, including livestock, is the basis of the economy; there is some mining of copper, tin, gold and lead. Coffee, cotton, copper and tea are exported. The colonial boundaries created by Britain to delimit Uganda grouped together a wide range of ethnic groups with different political systems and cultures. These differences prevented the establishment of a working political community after independence was achieved in 1962. The dictatorial regime of Idi Amin (197179) was responsible for the deaths of some 300,000 opponents and guerrilla war and human rights abuses under Milton Obote (1980-85) claimed at least another 100,000 lives. The rule of Yoweri Museveni since 1986 has brought relative stability and economic growth to Uganda. During the 1990s, the government promulgated non-party presidential and legislative elections. Notes of East African Currency Board circulated before Bank of Uganda notes were available.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 100 Cents
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank of Uganda Following the decision to dissolve the East Africa Currency Board (EACB) and to establish separate Central Banks in Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda, the Bank of Uganda (BoU) was opened on 15 August 1966 and later that year new notes were introduced 5, 10, 20 and 100 shillings (Pick 1-5). A new government took over in 1971; in 1973, changes were made and while the denominations of the 1966 issue were maintained, the design was changed to carry the portrait of President Idi Amin; 50 shilling note was also issued (Pick 5A-9). As a result of regime changes, Uganda currency changed in 1973, 1979, 1983 and 1986. x627 Bank of Uganda, 5 shillings, blue, 10 shillings (2), brown, 20 shillings (2), purple, all arms in field and 100 shillings, green, Crowned Crane at left, all ND (1966). [Pick 1a, 2a(2), 3a(2), 4a,), the 8b scarce
and ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated (6) Estimate ÂŁ180-200
604
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
A superb group of progressive proofs of Bank of Uganda
x628 Bank of Uganda, 10 shillings, brown, a group of six specimens and proofs, obverses (3), reverse (2), ND (1966), Crowned Crane at left. (Pick 2 for type), unusual and very rare (6) Estimate ÂŁ400-450 www.spink.com
605
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x629 Bank of Uganda, 20 shillings, purple, a group of four; specimen (1) and proofs of obverse (1) and reverse (2), ND (1966), Crowned Crane at left. (Pick 3 for type), unusual and very rare (4) Estimate ÂŁ400-450
606
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x630 Bank of Uganda, 100 shillings, green, a group of five; specimen (1) and proofs of obverse (1) and reverse (3), ND (1966), Crowned Crane at left. (Pick 5 for type), unusual and very rare (5) Estimate ÂŁ400-450 www.spink.com
607
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x631 Bank of Uganda, 5 shillings (2) blue green and multicolor, consecutive numbers, 10 shillings, brown, 20 shillings (2) brown,50 shillings, purple and brown,100 shillings, green, all ND (1973-1977), all President Idi Amin at right on obverse. Interestingly, it could be easily noticed that the uniform of President Idi Amin including an Israeli army (IDF) parachutist’s wings insignia (airborne); Amin was proud of the parachutist’s wings which he wore above all his ribbons on his elaborate marshal’s uniform. He brought back this badge from the course he took in Israel while still an army sergeant. Later another parachutist on the course, Reuben Cohen, declared that Amin had failed his tests but was given the wings for reasons of diplomacy at the time. This is amazing given the fact that Amin broke all diplomatic relationship with Israel in March 1972, a year before the notes were issued. [Pick 5Aa(2), 6c, 7b, 7c, 8b, 9c),
the 8b scarce and ex Mel Steinberg, uncirculated (7) Estimate £180-200
608
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x632 Bank of Uganda, 5 shillings, green, 10 shillings, brown,(2),20 shillings,green brown, 50 shillings, purple and brown and 100 shillings,green, all ND (1979), all coat of arms and/or bank building, 5, 10(2), 20, 50, 100 shillings, ND (1982), [Pick 10, 11a (3), 12, 13, 14b, ),
uncirculated (7) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
www.spink.com
609
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x633 Bank of Uganda, 5 shillings, green, 10 shillings, brown,(2),20 shillings,green brown, 50 shillings, purple and brown and 100 shillings,green, all ND (1979), all coat of arms and/or bank building, 5, 10(2), 20, 50, 100 shillings, ND (1982), also 50 shillings, 500 shillings with President Milton Obote on left obverse and 5,000 shillings, ND (1985) signature 6 and 500 and 1,000 shillings, ND (1986). [Pick 15, 16(2), 17, 18a, 19b, 20, 22, 24a, 25, 26), uncirculated (11) Estimate ÂŁ100-120
610
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x634 Bank of Uganda, a selection of the more modern issues comprising 5, 10, 20, 50(2), 100(3), 200(2), 500 and 1,000 shillings, all 1987-1998, also 500, 1,000 ,5,000 shillings, 1991-1996, 10,000 shillings (2), 1989,1995. (Pick 27, 28, 29b, 30c, 30b, 31b, 31c(2), 32a, 32b, 33b, 34a, 35a, 36, 37b, 38a, 38b), uncirculated (17) Estimate ÂŁ100-140
www.spink.com
611
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x635 Bank of Uganda, 1,000 shillings (2), 2000, 2001, 5,000 shillings (2), 2,000, 2002, 10,000 shillings, 2001, 20,000 shillings, 2002,1,000 shillings (2), 2005, also 5,000, 2005,10,000, 2005, 20,000, 2004, 50,000, 2003 and a 10,000 shillings of 2007. (Pick 39a, 39A, 40, 40A, 41, 42, 43(2), 44b, 45, 46a, 47, 48), uncirculated (13) Estimate ÂŁ100-150
612
www.spink.com
West African States The West African States, a former federation of eight French colonial territories on the northwest coast of Africa, French West Africa, had an area of 1,813,079 sq. mi. (4,742,495 sq. km.) and a population of about 60 million. Capital: Dakar. The constituent territories were Mauritania, Senegal, Dahomey, French Sudan, Ivory Coast, Upper Volta, Niger and French Guinea. The members of the federation were overseas territories within the French Union until Sept. of 1958 when all but French Guinea approved the constitution of the Fifth French Republic, thereby electing to become autonomous members of the new French Community. French Guinea voted to become the fully independent Republic of Guinea. The other seven attained independence in 1960. The French West Africa territories were provided with a common currency, a practice which was continued as the monetary union of the West African States which provides a common currency to the autonomous republics of Dahomey (now Benin), Mali, Senegal, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) Ivory Coast, Togo, Niger, and Guinea-Bissau.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Franc = 100 Centimes
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (BCEAO), The Central Bank of West African States is a regional central bank for l’Union Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UMOA), the West African Monetary Union formed by eight countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo. It succeeded the Banque de l’Afrique Occidentale Francaise in 1959 when the discussed countries gained their independence and disengaged from France (other than Guinea-Bissau that was under Spanish rule – refer to relevant page). The treaty establishing the West African Monetary Union (UMOA), signed on 12 May 1962, gave BCEAO the exclusive right to issue the currency as the common central bank for the then seven member countries.
CFA franc l’Afrique de l’Ouest The West African CFA franc (acronym CFA in French stands for Communauté Financière d’Afrique, Financial Community of Africa or Communauté Financière Africaine, African Financial Community).
The West African CFA franc is of equal value to the Central African CFA franc. The CFA franc was introduced to the French colonies in West Africa in 1945, replacing the French West African franc. The West African colonies and territories using the CFA franc were Côte d’Ivoire, Dahomey, French Sudan, Mauritania, Niger, Sénégal, Togo and Upper Volta. The currency continued in use when these colonies gained their independence, except in Mali (formerly French Sudan), which replaced at par the CFA franc with its own franc in 1961. In 1973, Mauritania replaced the CFA franc with the ouguiya at a rate of 1 ouguiya = 5 francs. Mali readopted the CFA franc in 1984, at a rate of 1 CFA franc = 2 Malian francs. The former Portuguese colony of Guinea-Bissau adopted the CFA franc in 1997, replacing the Guinea Bissau peso at a rate of 1 CFA franc = 65 pesos. When the CFA franc was introduced, notes issued by the Banque de l’Afrique Occidentale Francaise in denominations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 1000 francs (FWA Pick 36-40, 42) were in circulation. 500 franc notes were added in 1946 (FWA Pick 41), followed by those of 5,000 francs in 1948 (FWA Pick 43). In 1955, the Institut d’Emission de l’AOF et du Togo took over the production of paper money, issuing notes for 50, 100, 500 and 1000 francs (FWA Pick 45-48).
614
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
In 1959, the BCEAO took over the issuance of paper money and reintroduced a 5,000-franc note. With the exception of a few early issues, the notes of the BCEAO carry a letter to indicate the country of issuance. 50 franc notes were last issued in 1959, with 100 francs not issued since 1965. 10,000-franc notes were introduced in 1977, followed by 2,500 franc notes in 1992. In 2004, a new series of notes was introduced in denominations of 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 and 10,000 francs, with the 500 franc note having been replaced by a coin the year before. The newer notes contain updated security features and are more modern in design. The change was welcomed because of a perception that the old notes were dirty and disease-ridden. The colour of the 5,000 franc note was changed from blue to green. On 30 November 2012, the Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest reissued a 500 franc banknote. The year of issue on the current notes appear in the first 2 digits of the serial number, i.e. (19)91, (19)92, etc.
control / code letter Country
1959 Onward
Côte d’Ivoire
A
Benin
B
Burkina Faso
C
Mali
D
Niger
H
Senegal
K
Togo
T
Guinea-Bissau
S
www.spink.com
615
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x636 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 50 Francs, ND (1958), dark brown, blue and multicoloured, three women at centre, reverse woman with headdress, signature 1;100 Francs (2), ND (1959), brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, woman at right, reverse woman, signature 5; 1,000 Francs, 17 September 1959, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge. (Pick 1, 2b, 4), the first two extremely fine, the third about uncirculated, the fourth good very fine (3) Estimate £50-70 x637 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a small group comprising specimen 100 Francs, ND (1959), brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, woman at right, reverse woman, overprinted SPECIMEN No 000147 in black on obverse; specimen 500 Francs, ND (1959), brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor, overprinted SPECIMEN No 0156 in black on obverse; specimen 1,000 Francs, ND (1959), brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, overprinted SPECIMEN No 0138 in black on obverse; specimen 5,000 Francs, ND (1959), blue and multicoloured, man at left, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre, overprinted SPECIMEN No 0158 in black on obverse, all signature 1 and perforated SPECIMEN. (Pick 2as, 3s, 4s, 5s), the first uncirculated, the second staple holes, otherwise about uncirculated, the third extremely fine, the fourth staple holes, otherwise extremely fine and a very scarce group (4). Estimate £350-450 616
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x638 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 100 Francs (6), brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, woman at right, reverse woman, all code letter “A” for Ivory Coast, signature 1, 20 March 1961, signature 2, 20 March 1961, signature 3, 20 December 1964, signature 4, 2 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signature 5, ND. (Pick 101Aa, 101Ab, 101Ad, 101Ae, 101Af, 101Ag), the first extremely
fine, the second very fine, the third about uncirculated, the fourth about uncirculated to uncirculated, the fifth about uncirculated, the sixth uncirculated and a very interesting group (6) Estimate £120-160 x639 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a sizable group comprising 100 Francs (4), 20 March 1961, signature 2 (2), 2 December 1964, signature 3, ND, signature 4, all brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, reverse woman; 500 Francs, ND, signature 10, brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor; 1,000 Francs (14), 20 March 1961, signature 1 (4), signature 2 (4), 2 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signatures 5, 6, 7, 9 and 11, all brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, 5,000 Francs, ND, signatures 9 and 11, both blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre, all code letter “A” for Ivory Coast. [Pick 101Ac (2), 101Ad, 101Af, 101Ag, 102Ak, 103Ab (4), 103Ac (4), 103Ad, 103Ae, 103Af, 103Ah, 103Aj, 103Al, 104Ah, 104Ai], the Pick 104Ai pressed,
nick in top margin, otherwise extremely fine, the remainder very good or better and a useful group for the specialist (22) Estimate £150-200 www.spink.com
617
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x640 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 500 Francs, (2), brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor, both code letter “A” for Ivory Coast, signature 1, 20 March 1961, signature 6 ND; 1000 Francs (12), all code letter “A” for Ivory Coast, all brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, signatures 1 and 2, both 20 March 1961, signature 4, 2 March 1965, signatures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 (2), all ND. [Pick 102Ab, 102Af, 103Ab, 103Ac, 103Ad, 103Ae, 103Af, 103Ag, 103Ah, 103Ai, 103Aj, 103Ak, 103Al, 103Am (2)], the second good very fine, the
third fine, the fourth extremely fine, the eleventh very good, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated, the Pick 103Ad rare in this grade, and a fascinating group for the specialist (15) Estimate £260-340
618
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x641 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs (3), 20 March 1961, signature 1, 2 December 1964, signature 3, ND, signature 6, all code letter “A” for Ivory Coast, blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre. (Pick 104Aa, 104Ac, 104Ae), the first
good fine, the second very fine, the third pressed, otherwise extremely fine and a scarce group (3) Estimate £120-160
x642 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a sizable group comprising 500 Francs (2), 1979, 1986, signature 20, olive-green; 1,000 Francs, 1981, signature 15, brown; 5,000 Francs, 1978, signature 12, blue; 10,000 Francs, ND, signature 22, red-brown; 500 Francs, signature 22, brown and green; 1,000 Francs, signature 31, violet and yellow; 2500 Francs, signature 23, purple; 5,000 Francs, signature 30, blue; 10,000 Francs (2), signature 25, dark brown; 1,000 Francs, red, 2000 Franc, blue, 5,000 Francs, green and 10,000 Francs, multicoloured, all signature 32, all notes with code letter “A” for Ivory Coast. [Pick 105Aa, 106Aj, 107Ab, 108Ab, 109Aj, 110Aa, 111Ak, 112Aa, 113Ak. 114Aa (2), 115Aa, 116Aa, 117Aa, 118Aa], the Pick 108Ab about extremely
fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated and a useful lot (15) Estimate £150-200
www.spink.com
619
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x643 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 100 Francs (2), 20 March 1961, signature 1 and signature 2 litho, brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, woman at right, reverse woman; 500 Francs (6), ND, signature 7 and signature 11, brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor; 1,000 Francs (5), 20 March 1961, signature 2, 20 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signature 6, ND, signature 8, ND, signature 12, all code letter “B” for Benin, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge. (Pick 201Ba, 201Bb, 202Bh, 202Bl, 203Bc, 203Bd, 203Bg, 203Bj, 203Bn),
the fifth fine, the sixth pressed, otherwise very fine, the seventh extremely fine, the ninth pressed, otherwise extremely fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (9) Estimate £250-350 x644 BanqueCentrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs, ND, signature 10, code letter “B” for Benin, blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre. (Pick 204Bl), uncirculated and a rare
note in this grade Estimate £300-400
620
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x645 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 500 Francs, 1984, signature 18, olive-green; 5,000 Francs, 1982, signature 15, blue; 500 Francs, signature 30, brown and green; 5,000 Francs, signature 29, blue; 1,000 Francs, signature 33, red; 2,000 Franc, blue, 5,000 Francs, green and 10,000 Francs, multicoloured, all signature 32, all notes with code letter “B” for Benin. [Pick 206Bg, 208Bf, 210Bl, 211Bm, 213Bh, 215Bc, 216Ba, 217Bb, 218Bb],
about uncirculated to uncirculated (9) Estimate £50-70
x646 BanqueCentrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 100 Francs (2), 20 March 1961, signature 1 and signature 2, brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, woman at right, reverse woman; 500 Francs (6), 20 March 1961, signature 2, 2 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signature 8, ND, signature 9 (2), ND signature 11, brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor; 1,000 Francs (4), 20 March 1961, signature 1, ND, signature 7, ND, signature 12, ND, signature 13, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, all code letter “C” for Burkina Faso. [Pick 301Ca, 301Cc, 302Cc, 302Ce, 302Ck, 302Cl (2), 302Cn, 303Ca, 303Ci, 303Cn, 303Co], the third
good very fine, the fourth fine, the sixth good very fine, the seventh extremely fine, the ninth fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated and a fascinating group for the specialist (12) Estimate £400-600 www.spink.com
621
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x647 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs, ND, signature 6, code letter “C” for Burkina Faso, blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre. (Pick 304Ch), about uncirculated to
uncirculated and a very rare note in this grade Estimate £800-1,200
x648 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group of notes including 100 Francs, ND, signature 4, brown and orange; 500 Francs (2), 1979, signature 12, 1988, signature 14, olivegreen; 1,000 Francs, 1981, signature 15, brown; 5,000 Francs (2), 1988, signature 14, 1990, signature 21, blue; 1,000 Francs, signature 31, brown and yellow; 10,000 Francs, signature 30, dark brown; 1,000 Francs, signature 32, red; 2,000 Franc, signature 32, blue; 5,000 Francs, signature 33, green; 10,000 Francs, signature 32, multicoloured, all notes with code letter “C” for Burkina Faso. (Pick 301Cf, 305Ca, 306Ca, 307Cb, 308Cd, 308Cn, 311Cm, 314Cj, 315Cb, 316Cb, 317Cc, 318Ca), about uncirculated to uncirculated (12) Estimate £120-160
622
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x649 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 100 Francs, 20 March 1961, signature 1, brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, woman at right, reverse woman; 1,000 Francs, 17 September 1959, signature 1, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, both code letter “D” for Mali. (Pick 401D, 403Da), the first pressed
otherwise fine, the second writing on obverse, pressed otherwise very fine both very rare in any grade (2) Estimate £600-900 x650 BanqueCentrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 500 Francs, 1990, signature 22, olivegreen; 1,000 Francs, 1981, signature 15, brown; 2,500 Francs, signature 27, purple; 5,000 Francs, signature 29, blue; 1000 Francs, signature 32, red; 2,000 Franc, signature 32, blue; 5000 Francs, signature 33, green, all notes with code letter “D” for Mali; also 1,000 Francs, ND, signature 6, brown; 10,000 Francs, signature 20, red-brown; 500 Francs, signature 28, green; 2,000 Francs, blue, 5000 Francs, green and 10,000 Francs, multicoloured, all signature 32, all notes with code letter “H” for Niger. (Pick 405Di, 406Db, 412Dc, 413Dg, 415Da, 416Da, 417Bc, 603Hg, 609Hh, 610Hh, 616Ha, 617Ha, 618Ha), the
Pick 603Hg and 609Hh both extremely fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (13) Estimate £140-180
www.spink.com
623
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x651 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 100 Francs, 20 March 1961, signature 1, brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, reverse woman; 500 Francs (2), ND, signature 5 and ND, signature 6, brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor; 1,000 Francs, 2 March 1965, signature 4, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, all code letter “E” for Mauritania. (Pick 501Eb, 502Ef, 502Eg, 503Ee),
the first good very fine, the second good fine, the third and fourth very fine and a very scarce group (4) Estimate £500-700
x652 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs, 2 March 1965, signature 4, code letter “E” for Mauritania, blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre. (Pick 504Ec), nick in top margin, otherwise good fine and rare Estimate £150-250
624
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x653 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 1,000 Francs, ND, engraved, signature 6, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, code letter “E” for Mauritania. (Pick 503Eg), usual pinholes, otherwise about uncirculated to
uncirculated and a very rare note in this grade Estimate £600-800 www.spink.com
625
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x654 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 100 Francs, ND, signature 4, brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, reverse woman; 500 Francs (4), 2 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signature 8, ND signature 9 and ND, signature 11, brown, green and multicoloured, mask at right, reverse woman and tractor; 1,000 Francs, ND, signature 9, brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, all code letter “H” for Niger. (Pick 601Hf, 602He, 602Hj, 602Hk, 602Hm, 603Hk), the first extremely
fine, the second good fine, the third fine, the fourth extremely fine, the fifth uncirculated, the sixth good extremely fine (6) Estimate £140-180
x655 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs, ND, signature 11, code letter “H” for Niger, blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre. (Pick 604Hm), uncirculated and very
scarce in this grade Estimate £180-240
626
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x656 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group comprising 100 Francs, 20 March 1961, litho, signature 2, brown, orange and multicoloured, mask at left, reverse woman; 1,000 Francs (9), 20 March 1961, signature 1, 20 March 1961, signature 2, 2 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signature 7, ND, signature 9, ND, signature 10, ND, signature 11 (2), ND, signature 12, all brown, blue and multicoloured, man and woman at right, reverse man and suspension bridge, all code letter “K” for Senegal. [Pick 701Kc, 703Kb, 703Kc, 703Ke, 703Ki, 703Kk. 703Kl, 703Km (2), 703Kn], the second pressed otherwise
extremely fine, the third about uncirculated, the fourth good very fine, the fifth very fine, the sixth good very fine, the seventh extremely fine, the eighth about uncirculated, the remainder uncirculated (10) Estimate £280-360
www.spink.com
627
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x657 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs (4), 20 March 1961, signature 2, 2 March 1965, signature 4, ND, signature 9, ND, signature 10, all blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre, all code letter “K” for Senegal. (Pick 704Kc, 704Ke, 704Kk, 704Kl),
the fourth pressed otherwise good very fine, the remainder fine (4) Estimate £140-180
x658 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 5,000 Francs (2), ND, signature 6 and ND, signature 11, both blue and multicoloured, man at left, factory at centre, reverse woman at right, youths and huts at centre, both code letter “K” for Senegal. (Pick 704Kh, 704Km), the first pressed
otherwise good very fine, the second about uncirculated to uncirculated and very scarce in these grades (2) Estimate £200-250
628
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x659 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a group including 100 Francs, 20 March 1961, signature 2, lithographed, brown and orange; 500 Francs, ND, signature 10, brown and green; 500 Francs, 1988, signature 14, olive-green; 1,000 Francs, 1984, signature 18, brown; 500 Francs, signature 29, green; 1,000 Francs, signature 29, brown and yellow; 5,000 Francs (2), signatures 27 and 30, blue; 1,000 Francs, red; 2,000 Franc, blue; 5,000 Francs, green, 10,000 Francs, multicoloured, all signature 32, all notes with code letter “K” for Senegal. (Pick 701Kc, 702Kl, 706Kg, 707Kd, 710Kj, 711Ki, 713Kd, 713Kj, 715Ka, 716Ka, 717Ka, 718Ka), the Pick 702Kl
good extremely fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (12) Estimate £120-150
x660 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, 100 Francs (2), 2 March 1965, signature 4, brown and orange; 500 Francs, ND, signature 11, brown and green; 1,000 Francs (2), ND, signatures 5 and 12, brown and multicoloured; 5,000 Francs, ND, signature 6, blue and multicoloured, all notes with code letter “T” for Togo. [Pick 801Te (1), 802Tm, 803Tf, 803Tn, 804Th], the Pick 802Tm
and 803Tn both extremely fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (6) Estimate £180-240
www.spink.com
629
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x661 Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a sizable group comprising 500 Francs (2), 1979, signature 12, 1989, signature 21, olive-green; 1,000 Francs, 1990, signature 22, brown; 5,000 Francs, 1987, signature 20, blue; 10,000 Francs, signature 23, redbrown; 500 Francs, signature 31, green; 1,000 Francs, signature 29, brown and yellow; 2500 Francs, signature 27, purple; 5,000 Francs, signature 31, blue; 10,000 Francs, signature 30, dark brown; 2,000 Franc, signature 32, blue, all notes with code letter “H” for Niger; also 500 Francs, signature 28, 11 digits, green; 1,000 Francs, signature 28, brown and yellow; 5,000 Francs, signature 28, blue; 10,000 Francs, 1997, signature 28, dark brown, all notes with code letter “S” for GuineaBissau. (Pick 805Ti, 806Tk, 807Tj, 808Tj, 809Tl, 810Tm, 811Ti, 812Tc, 813Tl, 814Ti, 816Tb, 910Sb, 911Sb, 913Sb, 914Sa) about uncirculated to
uncirculated (15) Estimate £150-200
630
www.spink.com
Zaire The former Republic of Zaïre (currently the Congo Democratic Republic and usually referred to as Congo-Kinshasa in order to distinguish it from Congo Republic which referred to as Congo-Brazzaville) is located in the south-central part of Africa, has an area of 2.345 million sq. km. and a population of 66.51 million. Capital: Kinshasa. The mineral rich country produces copper, tin, diamonds, gold, zinc, cobalt and uranium. Established as a Belgian colony in 1908, it gained its independence in 1960, officially named the Republic of the Congo but its early years were marred by political and social instability. Col. Joseph Mobutu seized power and declared himself president in a November 1965 coup. He subsequently changed his name - to Mobutu Sese Seko - as well as that of the country - to Zaire. Mobutu retained his position for 32 years through several sham elections, as well as through the use of brutal force. The nation officially changed its name to Zaïre on 27 October 1971. Ethnic strife and civil war, touched off by a massive inflow of refugees in 1994 from fighting in Rwanda and Burundi, led in May 1997 to the toppling of the Mobutu regime by a rebellion backed by Rwanda and Uganda and fronted by Laurent Kabila. He renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Franc = 100 Centimes to 1967 1 Zaïre = 100 Makuta = 1,000 francs, 1967-71 1 Nouveau Zaïre = 100 Nouveau Makut = 3 million “old” Zaïre 1993 – 1997
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Banque du Zaïre Interestingly, the first change towards African nationalism occurred in the currency when the zaïre was introduced by the Banque Nationale du Congo in 1967; the country’s name was to be changed to the same only four years later! the word zaïre derives from the Portuguese word “zaire”, itself an adaptation of the Kongo word nzere or nzadi (“river that swallows all rivers”). The zaïre replaced the Congolese franc at an exchange rate of 1 zaïre = 1,000 francs; subdivided into 100 makuta; hence 1 makuta was worth 10 francs. New notes for 10, 20 and 50 makuta (100, 200 and 500 francs worth respectfully) and 1 and 5 zaïres (also shown as 100 and 500 makuta); (Congo DR Pick 9-13). In 1971, 5 and 10 zaïre notes were introduced which later on were issued at the same and similar design but under the Banque Nationale du Zaïre (Congo DR Pick 14-15). Following the country’s official change of its name to Zaïre on 27 October 1971, Banque Nationale du Congo had become Banque du Zaïre. In 1972, new notes of 1, 5 and 10 zaïres (Pick 18, 20, 23) were introduced, followed by 50 makuta notes in 1973 (Pick 16); the 5 zaïres were identical to the previous issue while the 10 zaïres where similar but the new coat of arms on the reverse side, replacing the old one. As inflation drove high, in 1992 notes of 1 million and 5 million zaïres were introduced. Plans to recover the currency failed and the new zaïre introduced in 1993 suffered from rapid devaluation as well. With the establishment of the Condo Democratic Republic in 1997, the bank was renamed Banque Nationale du Congo and a new franc was introduced on 1 July 1998, replacing the zaïre at an exchange rate of 1 franc = 100,000 (new) zaïres.
632
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x662 Banque du Zaire, a group of the 197180 Issues comprising 50 Makuta (2), 24 November 1979, 14 October 1980, red; 1 Zaire, 27 October 1980, brown; 5 Zaires (2), 24 November 1972, 24 November 1977, green; 5 Zaires, 20 May 1979, blue; 10 Zaires, 27 October 1977, blue; 10 Zaires, 4 January 1981, green, all Mobutu Sese Seko at left. (Pick 17a, 17b, 19b, 20a, 21b, 22a, 23b, 24b), the Pick 20a very good,
the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (8) Estimate ÂŁ40-60
www.spink.com
633
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x663 Banque du Zaire, a group comprising specimen 50 Makuta, 30 June 1973, serial number D0000000A, red; specimen 1 Zaire, 15 March 1972, serial number C0000000A, brown and green; specimen 5 Zaires, 20 May 1979, serial number B0000000A, blue; specimen 10 Zaires, 24 June 1979, serial number A0000000A, green; specimen 50 Zaires, 4 February 1980, serial number E0000000A, red and violet, all Mobutu Sese Seko at left, all overprinted SPECIMEN in red or black on obverse and reverse. (Pick 16s, 18s, 22s, 24s, 25s), the Pick 25s, small stains, otherwise
uncirculated, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (5) Estimate ÂŁ150-200 634
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x664 Banque du Zaire, a group of the 198285 Issues comprising 5 Zaires (3), 17 November 1982 (2), 24 November 1985, blue; 10 Zaires (2), 27 October 1982, 27 October 1985, green; 50 Zaires (2), 24 November 1982, purple; 500 Zaires, 14 October 1985, grey and purple; 1,000 Zaires (2), 24 November 1985, green; all Mobutu at right. [Pick 26a (2), 26A, 27a, 27A, 28a (2), 30b, 31a (2)], one copy of Pick 28a fine,
the remainder uncirculated (10) Estimate ÂŁ60-80
www.spink.com
635
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x665 Banque du Zaire, a group of the 198892 Issues comprising 50 Zaires, 30 June 1988, green; 2,000 Zaires, 1 October 1991, purple; 5,000 Zaires, 20 May 1988, green; 20,000 Zaires, 1 July 1991, grey; 50,000 Zaires, 24 April 1991, purple; 100,000 Zaires, 4 January 1992, olive; 200,000 Zaires, 1 March 1992, blue; 500,000 Zaires, 15 March 1992, orange; 1,000,000 Zaires, 31 July 1992, red-violet; 5,000,000 Zaires, 1 October 1992, brown all Mobutu at right. (Pick 32a, 36a, 37b, 39a, 40a, 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a, 46a), all uncirculated (10) Estimate ÂŁ60-80
636
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x666 Banque du Zaire, a group comprising specimen 50 Zaires, 24 June 1985, purple; specimen 100 Zaires, 30 June 1985, brown; specimen 100 Zaires, 14 October 1988, blue; specimen 500 Zaires, 24 June 1989, brown; specimen 1,000 Zaires, 24 November 1989, purple; specimen 2000 Zaires, 1 October 1991, purple and peach; specimen 5,000 Zaires, 20 May 1988, blue; specimen 10,0000 Zaires, 24 November 1989, purple, all Mobutu at right, all overprinted SPECIMEN in red on obverse and reverse. (Pick 28bs, 29bs, 33s, 34s, 35s, 36s, 37s, 38s) uncirculated (8) Estimate ÂŁ160-220 www.spink.com
637
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x667 Banque du Zaire, a group comprising specimen 20,000 Zaires, 1 July 1991, multicoloured, specimen 100,000 Zaires, 4 January 1992, olive; specimen 200,000 Zaires, 1 March 1992, blue; specimen 500,000 Zaires, 15 March 1992, brown and orange; specimen 1,000.000 Zaires, 15 March 1993, red-violet; specimen 5,000,000 Zaires, 1 October 1992, brown, all Mobutu at right, all overprinted SPECIMEN in red on obverse and reverse. The 5 million zaïre note, which entered circulation in late 1992, was not accepted as legal tender for several weeks in some parts of the country (notably in the north-east), and in other parts of the country it was accepted for only part of its value. One reason for this mistrust was a grammatical error in the French number on the note, which read “cinq millions zaïres” instead of “cinq millions de zaïres”. (Pick 39s, 41s, 42s, 43s, 45as, 46s),
uncirculated (6) Estimate £150-200
638
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x668 Banque du Zaire, a group of the 1993 New Zaire Issue, all dated 24 June 1993, comprising 1 Likuta, brown; 5 Makuta, grey; 10 Makuta (2), green; 50 Makuta (2), orange; 1 Zaire, violet; 5 Zaires, brown; 10 Zaires, grey; 20 Zaires brown and blue; 100 Zaires, blue-violet; 500 Zaires, olive; also 1,000 Zaires, olive-green and 5,000 Zaires, red-violet dated 30 January 1995; all Mobutu at right. [Pick 47a, 48a, 49 (2), 51 (2), 52a, 53a, 55, 56, 58a, 63a, 67, 69], uncirculated
(14) Estimate ÂŁ70-90
www.spink.com
639
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x669 Banque du Zaire, a group of the 1995 Nouveaux Zaire Issue, all dated 30 January 1995, comprising 10,000 Zaires (2), blue-violet; 20,000 Zaires, brown; also a group of the 1996 Nouveaux Zaire Issue comprising 50,000 Zaires (2), violet; 100,000 Zaires, orange; 100,000 Zaires (2), grey-green; 1,000,000 Zaires, violet and red, all Mobutu at right [Pick 70a, 71, 72a, 74a, 75, 76a, 77A(2), 79a], uncirculated (9) Estimate ÂŁ70-90
640
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x670 Banque du Zaire, a group of specimens of the 1993-96 New Zaire Issues comprising 100 Zaires, 24 June 1993, blue; 50 Zaires, 15 February 1994, red; 200 Zaires (2), 15 February 1994, olive-brown; 500 Zaires, 30 January 1995, blue-green; 500,000 Zaires, 25 October 1996, green, all Mobutu at right, all overprinted SPECIMEN in red on obverse and reverse. (Pick 58as, 59s, 61s, 62s, 65s, 78s),
uncirculated (6) Estimate ÂŁ120-160
www.spink.com
641
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x671 Banque du Zaire B ranches, Provisional ND (1980) Issue, with old dates, comprising 5 Zaires, 24 November 1977, black, green and multicoloured and 10 Zaires, 30 June 1976, black, blue and multicoloured, both Mobutu Sese Seko at left, both overprinted with purple circular handstamp, “REPUBLIQUE DU ZAIRE-REGION DU BAS-ZAIRE”, around arms. (Pick R3c, R4a), about uncirculated to
uncirculated, unusual and scarce (2) Estimate £70-100
642
www.spink.com
Zambia The Republic of Zambia is a landlocked country in south- central Africa, has an area of 752,614 sq. km. and a population of 11.67 million. Capital: Lusaka. The economy is based principally on copper, of which Zambia is the world’s third largest producer. Copper, zinc, lead, cobalt and tobacco are exported. The territory of Northern Rhodesia was administered by the (British) South Africa Company from 1891 until it was taken over by the UK in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration. The name was changed to Zambia upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper prices and a prolonged drought hurt the economy. Elections in 1991 brought an end to one-party rule, but the subsequent vote in 1996 saw blatant harassment of opposition parties. The election in 2001 was marked by administrative problems with three parties filing a legal petition challenging the election of ruling party candidate Levy Mwanawasa. The new president launched an anticorruption investigation in 2002 to probe high- level corruption during the previous administration. In 2006-07, this task force successfully prosecuted four cases, including a landmark civil case in the UK in which former President Chiluba and numerous others were found liable for USD 41 million. Mwanawasa was reelected in 2006 in an election that was deemed free and fair. Upon his abrupt death in August 2008, he was succeeded by his Vice-president Rupiah Banda, who subsequently won a special presidential election in October 2008.
RULERS: British to 1964
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Shilling = 12 Pence 1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1968 1 Kwacha = 100 Ngwee, 1968-
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Bank of Zambia The Bank of Zambia was established on 7 August 1964 to take over from the Bank of Northern Rhodesia although its Act was only passed in June, 1965. The Bank of Northern Rhodesia was itself constituted from the Lusaka branch (established in September, 1961) of the Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland after it broke up together with the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland on 31 December 1963. In 1963 the bank had ordered a £1 note depicting Queen Elizabeth II (Pick A1) but due the political change and the country’s independence, the note was never issued. In 1964, the Bank issued the first Zambian notes composed of 10s, £1 and £5 (Pick1-3), replacing the Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound; in order to allow for a smooth changeover and the two currencies circulated alongside each other until 15 December 1965, when the old notes were withdrawn from circulation. In 1967, the Government decided in favour of decimalisation and designated the main unit as Kwacha comprising of 100 ngwee. The Kwacha was equivalent to the old ten shillings. On 16 January 1968, the Zambian Pound was replaced by the Kwacha with the new Official Rate equal to one half the old unit, or US$1.40. The £5 note became K10, the £1 note K2, then ten shilling note one Kwacha note and a new 50 ngwee note was introduced to correspond to the old 5 shillings (Pick 4-8). In April 1974, the bank changed the colour of the 50 ngwee note in order to eliminate the confusion that appeared to exist between the 50 ngwee and the new K5 notes.
Kenneth Kauenda
644
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x672 Bank of Zambia, 10 Shillings, ND (1964), serial number A/5 900640, brown on multicoloured underprint, Chaplins Barbet ( Tricholaema) bird on branch at right, arms at upper centre, reverse farmer ploughing with tractor. (Pick 1a), about uncirculated, scarce Estimate ÂŁ200-230
x673 Bank of Zambia, 1 Pound, ND (1964), serial number B/3 157391, green on multicolor uredunderprint, Blackcheeked Lovebird at right, arms at upper centre, reverse mine; 5 Pounds, ND (1964), serial number C/1 534818, blue on multicolor uredunderprint, wildebeest at right, arms at upper centre, reverse Victoria Falls. (Pick 2a, 3a), the first washed, otherwise good fine, the second biro figure on obverse, otherwise fine and very scarce in any grade (2) Estimate ÂŁ140-180
www.spink.com
645
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x674 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1968) Issue, all President Kenneth Kaunda at right, comprising 50 Ngwee, low serial number 1/A 000029, red-violet on multicoloured underprint, reverse antelopes; 1 Kwacha, serial number 1/B 901240, brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse tractor ploughing; 2 Kwacha, serial number 1/C 388352, green and multicoloured, reverse mine; 10 Kwacha, serial number 2/D 252192, blue on multicoloured underprint, reverse Victoria Falls. (Pick 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a), the Pick 7a about
fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated and a scarce group (4) Estimate ÂŁ250-280
x675 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1969) Issue, all President Kaunda at right, comprising 50 Ngwee, signature 4, red-violet on multicoloured underprint, reverse antelopes; 1 Kwacha, signature 2, brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse tractor ploughing; 2 Kwacha, signature 4, green and multicoloured, reverse mine; 10 Kwacha, signature 3, serial number 13/D 000000, blue on multicoloured underprint, reverse Victoria Falls, overprinted SPECIMEN in red on obverse and reverse; 20 Kwacha, signature 4, purple on multicoloured underprint, reverse National Assembly. (Pick 9b, 10a, 11c, 12bs, 13c), the
Pick 12bs missing corner tip, pressed otherwise extremely fine, the remainder uncirculated and a scarce group (5) Estimate ÂŁ400-420
646
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x676 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1973) Issue, all President Kaunda at right, comprising 50 Ngwee, No. 14/A 970332, black and lilac, reverse miners; 5 Kwacha, serial number 9/F 454898, red-violet on multicoloured underprint, reverse children and school; 1 Kwacha, commemorative celebrating the birth of the Second Republic on 13 December 1973, No. 4/B 197481, orange and brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse document signing and procession. (Pick 14a, 15a, 16a), the Pick 15a
extremely fine and a very scarce note, the remainder uncirculated (3) Estimate ÂŁ250-300
x677 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1974-76) Issue, all older portrait of President Kaunda at right, comprising 1 Kwacha, brown on multicoloured underprint, reverse tractor ploughing; 2 Kwacha (2), one with replacement prefix 1/X, green and multicoloured, reverse mine; 5 Kwacha, brown and violet, reverse children and school; 10 Kwacha, blue on multicoloured underprint, reverse Victoria Falls. (Pick 19a, 20a, 20r, 21a, 22a), about uncirculated to uncirculated, the replacement 2 Kwacha scarce (5) Estimate ÂŁ70-100
www.spink.com
647
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x678 Bank of Zambia, 10 Kwacha, blue, a group of nine uniface progressive proofs for the obverse ND (1974), President Kaunda at right. (Pick 17 for type), unusual and very rare (9) Estimate ÂŁ300-375 648
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x679 Bank of Zambia, 20 Kwacha, brown-violet, a group of nine uniface progressive proofs for the obverse ND (1974), President Kaunda at right. (Pick 18 for type), unusual and very rare (9) Estimate ÂŁ300-375 www.spink.com
649
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x680 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1980-86) Issues, all President Kaunda at right, comprising 1 Kwacha, signature 5, dark brown; 2 Kwacha, signature 7, olive; 5 Kwacha (2), signatures 6, 7, red-brown; 10 Kwacha (2), signature 7, blue-green; 20 Kwacha, signature 7, green; 50 Kwacha, purple. [Pick 23a, 24c, 25c, 25d, 26e (2), 27e, 28a, about uncirculated to uncirculated
and a useful lot (8) Estimate ÂŁ80-100
650
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x681 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1989) Issue, all revised portrait of President Kenneth Kaunda at right comprising 2 Kwacha, olive; 5 Kwacha, brown; 10 Kwacha (2), signatures 8, 9, blue;20 Kwacha, signature 9, olive-green; 50 Kwacha, signature 8, red-violet; 100 Kwacha, purple; 500 Kwacha, brown. [Pick 29a, 30a, 31a, 31b, 32b, 33a, 34a, 35a], about uncirculated to uncirculated
and a useful lot (8) Estimate ÂŁ80-100
www.spink.com
651
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x682 Bank of Zambia, a group of the ND (1992-2003) Issues, all fish eagle perched on branch at right, comprising; 20 Kwacha (2), signatures 10, 11, green; 50 Kwacha (2), signatures 11, 12, red; 100 Kwacha (3), signatures 10, 11, 12, purple; 500 Kwacha (3), signatures 10, 12, 12 polymer, brown; 1,000 Kwacha, signature 11, red-violet; 5,000 Kwacha (2), 1992, 2005, purple; 10,000 Kwacha (2), 1992, 2006, aqua and brown; 20,000 Kwacha, 2003, multicoloured; 50,000 Kwacha, 2003, multicoloured. (Pick 36a, 36b, 37b, 37d, 38a, 38b, 38e, 39a, 40a, 41a, 42a, 43c, 44c, 45b, 46c, 47a, 48a), Pick 38a and 39a fine to very
fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated and a useful lot (17) Estimate ÂŁ40-50
652
www.spink.com
Zimbabwe The Republic of Zimbabwe is located in the east-central part of southern Africa, has an area of 390,580 sq. km. and a population of 11.35 million. Capital: Harare (formerly Salisbury). The economy is based on agriculture and mining. Tobacco, sugar, asbestos, copper and chrome ore and coal are exported. The UK annexed Southern Rhodesia from the (British) South Africa Company in 1923. A 1961 constitution was formulated that favored whites in power. In 1965 the government unilaterally declared its independence, but the UK did not recognize the act and demanded more complete voting rights for the black African majority in the country (then called Rhodesia). UN sanctions and a guerrilla uprising finally led to free elections in 1979 and independence (as Zimbabwe) in 1980. Robert Mugabe, the nation’s first prime minister, has been the country’s only ruler (as president since 1987) and has dominated the country’s political system since independence. His chaotic land redistribution campaign, which began in 2000, caused an exodus of white farmers, crippled the economy, and ushered in widespread shortages of basic commodities. Ignoring international condemnation, Mugabe rigged the 2002 presidential election to ensure his re-election. The ruling ZANU-PF party used fraud and intimidation to win a two-thirds majority in the March 2005 parliamentary election, allowing it to amend the constitution at will and recreate the Senate, which had been abolished in the late 1980s. In April 2005, Harare embarked on Operation Restore Order, ostensibly an urban rationalization program, which resulted in the destruction of the homes or businesses of 700,000 mostly poor supporters of the opposition. President Mugabe in June 2007 instituted price controls on all basic commodities causing panic buying and leaving store shelves empty for months. General elections held in March 2008 contained irregularities but still amounted to a censure of the ZANU-PF-led government with significant gains in opposition seats in parliament. MDC opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai won the presidential polls, and may have won an out right majority, but official results posted by the Zimbabwe Electoral Committee did not reflect this. In the lead up to a runoff election in late June 2008, considerable violence enacted against opposition party members led to the withdrawal of Tsvangirai from the ballot. Extensive evidence of vote tampering and ballot-box stuffing resulted in international condemnation of the process. A power sharing agreement has been negotiated allowing Mugabe to remain as president and creating the new position of prime minister for Tsvangirai.
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Dollar = 100 Cents
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe Following the free elections in 1979 and independence as Zimbabwe in 1980, Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe succeeded the Reserve Bank of Rhodesia. The new bank’s first series composed of 2, 5, 10 and $20 notes (Pick 1-4), replacing the Rhodesia dollar at par. The main illustration on the obverse of banknotes since first issued in 1981 is the Chiremba Balancing Rocks in Epworth, Harare. The rocks are used as a metaphorical theme to explain the importance of development coupled with preserving the fragile environment. The rocks were part of the Reserve Bank’s emblem, which was used for all Bearer and Agro cheques, which circulated between 15 September 2003 and 31 December 2008. The reverse of dollar notes often illustrate the culture or landmarks of Zimbabwe. Hyperinflation Although the dollar was considered to be among the highest-valued currency units when it was introduced in 1980 to replace the Rhodesian dollar at par, political turmoil and hyperinflation rapidly eroded the value of the Zimbabwe dollar to become one of the least valued currency units in the world, undergoing three redenominations, with high face value paper denominations including a $100 trillion banknote. The third redenomination produced the “fourth dollar” (ZWL), which was worth 1 trillion ZWR (third dollar), or 1025 ZWD (first dollar). Despite attempts to control inflation by legislation, and the three redenominations in 2006, 2008 and 2009, use of the Zimbabwean dollar as an official currency was effectively abandoned on 12 April 2009. This was a result of the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe legalising use of foreign currencies for transactions in January 2009. The South African rand, Botswana pula, pound sterling, euro, and the United States dollar are now used for all transactions in Zimbabwe; the policy of the government of Zimbabwe has insisted that any attempts to reintroduce Zimbabwean currency should be considered only if industrial output improves.
654
www.spink.com
OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x683 Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, a group of the 1980-2001 Issues, all Chiremba rocks at right or left, comprising; $2 (2), signatures 2, 3 watermark “A”, blue; $5 (2), signatures 2, 3 watermark “B”, green; $10(2), signatures 1, 2, red; $20, signature 3, blackish blue; also $5 (2) brown; $10, brown and green; $20, blue. (Pick 1b, 1c, 2c, 2e, 3a, 3d, 4d), Pick
1c and 3a fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (7) Estimate £100-150
www.spink.com
655
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
x684 Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, a group of the 1980-2001 Issues, all Chiremba rocks at right or left, comprising; $5(2), $10, brown and green; $20, blue; $50, olive; $100, purple; $500, multicoloured; $500, dark brown; also Emergency Bearer Cheques comprising $10,000, 30 June 2004, red; $20,000, 31 December 2005, brown; $50,000, 1 February 2006, purple. (Pick 5a, 5b, 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a, 10, 11a, 22b, 23 not listed, 29), Pick 1c and 3a
fine, the remainder about uncirculated to uncirculated (11) Estimate ÂŁ100-150
656
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OCTOBER 4, 2013 - LONDON
x685 Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, a comprehensive group of 2006-08 Emergency Bearer Cheques (ZWN) comprising 1 Cent, 5 Cents, 10 Cents, 50 Cents, $1, $5, $10, $20, $50, $100, $500, $1000, $5000, $10,000, $50,000, $100,000, $200,000, $250,000, $500,000, $750,000, $1 Million, $5 Million, $10 Million, $25 Million, $50 Million, $100 Million, $250 Million, $500 Million; also 2008 Special Agro Cheques comprising $5 Billion, $25 Billion, $50 Billion and $100 Billion. (Pick 33-45 inclusive, 46b, 47, 48b, 49-64 inclusive), uncirculated and an
opportunity to acquire the whole of both series (32) Estimate ÂŁ40-60
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x686 Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, a comprehensive group of the 2007-08, Third Dollar (ZWR) Issue, all Chiremba rocks at right or left, comprising $1, $5, $10, $20, $100, $500, $1,000, $10,000, $20,000, $50,000, $100,000, $500,000, $1 Million, $10 Million, $50 Million, $100 Million, $200 Million, $500 Million, $1 Billion, $5 Billion, $10 Billion, $20 Billion, $50 Billion, $10 Trillion, $20 Trillion, $50 Trillion and $100 Trillion; also a group of the 2009, Fourth Dollar (ZWL) Issue comprising $1, $5, $10, $20, $50, $100 and $500. (Pick 65-98 inclusive), uncirculated and
an opportunity to acquire the whole of both series (34) Estimate ÂŁ70-90
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Zanzibar The British protectorate of Zanzibar and adjacent small islands, located in the Indian Ocean 22 miles (35 km.) off the coast of Tanganyika, comprised a portion of British East Africa. Zanzibar was also the name of a sultanate which included the Zanzibar and Kenya protectorates. Zanzibar has an area of 637 sq. mi. (1,651 sq. km.). Chief city: Zanzibar. The islands are noted for their cloves of which Zanzibar is the world’s foremost producer. Zanzibar came under Portuguese control in 1503, was conquered by the Omani Arabs in 1698, became independent of Oman in 1860, and (with Pemba) came under British control as protectorate in 1890. Britain granted the protectorate selfgovernment in 1961 and independence within the British Commonwealth on 19 December 1963. On 26 April 1964, Tanganyika and Zanzibar (with Pemba) united to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. The name of the country, which remained within the British Commonwealth, was changed to Tanzania on 29 October 1964.
RULERS: British to 1963
MONETARY SYSTEM: 1 Rupee = 100 Cents
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
The Government of Zanzibar notes Background The Government of Zanzibar notes are most intrigue and magnificent, with a wide interest in, yet little is known about this series of notes, which was the only one to be issued for the territory, and further study is needed. Zanzibar, as located between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, the currency used in the island was a mixture of Austrian Maria Theresa thaler and Omani ryal (the island was subject to Omani direct rule until June 1856, when it became a separate principality under the rule of one of the deceased Sultan’s sons. The Zanzibar ryal (subdivided into 136 pysa) was introduced in 1882 and was in the form of coins only; it was and circulated alongside the Indian rupee and Maria Theresa thaler. In 1908 the Zanzibar rupee (subdivided into 100 cents) replaced the Zanzibari ryal at a rate of 2.1/8 rupees = 1 ryal and was equivalent to the Indian rupee. With the lack of in-depth research concerning the issue it can be highly assumed at this stage that the introduction of the rupee was made due to the currency change in 1905 in both territories which had a great financial influence over Zanzibar; German East Africa (present day Tanzania) and the introduction of the DeutschOstafrikanische Bank rupie and its banknotes; East Africa Protectorate and the introduction of the Government of the East Africa Protectorate rupee and its government notes. The Zanzibari rupee remained equal to the Indian rupee and was replaced on 1 January 1936, by the East African shilling at the rate of 1½ East African shillings = 1 Zanzibari rupee.
The notes With the introduction of the new currency, paper money was introduced for the first time in territory; the series composed of 5, 10, 20, and 100 rupee notes (Pick 2-4, 6); in 1916 the 50 rupee note (Pick 5; Pick wrongly indicated a 1908 issue for that denomination) was issued; in 1920 the 1 and 500 rupees (Pick 1, 7) were issued. All notes were engraved and printed by Waterlow & Sons but the 1 rupee note which was engraved and printed by Thomas de la Rue. The obverse design
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which would be used for all denominations was uniform, the Arab dhow at the left in its Arabian type frame and a local fruit picking at right; the reverse side was uniface. The 1908 carried the signatures of the Financial Member of Council and of the Treasurer; the 1916 and onwards were of the Chief Secretary and Treasurer. It is known of notes with ‘Financial Member of Council’ overprinted with black box and handstamped ‘Chief Secretary’ (Pick NL). The notes of Zanzibar are extremely rare, considering the extremely humid climate, where paper money in garment pockets undoubtedly became permeated with perspiration, one can understand why so few notes survived excess handling and circulation. Some facts as quoted from archival and Hessler’s article (refer to Bibliography): On 13 July 1920 the Crown Agents informed Thomas De La Rue that a million 1 rupee notes were urgently needed. Designs were to be prepared and quotes for both offset and copper plate printings were requested. On 26 July 1920 Thomas De La Rue (TDLR) furnished a design and suggested that the notes be prepared by surface printing due to the urgency expressed. Colors mentioned were “blue, overprinted in green and orange on rainbow principal in microscopic lettering” similar to the 20 rupee note. The paper would be similar to that used for the East Africa florin. The cost for the original plate would be £55, a working plate £18. The notes would cost 30 sh. per 1,000 and the paper would cost 242d per ream. On 7 August 1920 Thomas De La Rue was notified to “proceed!” Subsequently TDLR was notified to engrave Chief Secretary and Treasury in same size, and engrave “For the” in front of “Government of Zanzibar.” On 6 September 1920 a specimen with secret marks was sent to the Crown Agents. The late Robson Lowe credits Leonard V. Phillips (1876-1954) as the engraver of high value Zanzibar stamps prepared by Thomas De La Rue. Perhaps Mr. Phillips, who engraved for this company, also engraved the 1 rupee note for Zanzibar. Based on recorded serial numbers for the 5 (with one exception), 10 and 20 rupees, it appears that the serial numbers progressed not only for succeeding dates of a particular denomination but advanced to some higher denominations as well. This is a personal conjecture; other deductions are possible.
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x687 Zanzibar Government, 1 rupee, 1 September 1920, black serial number A/1 18707, blue, pale green and pale orange, dhow at left, fruit picking at right, value in pale green underprint low centre, two printed signatures of John Sinclair and Jasper Corbett Davis below, reverse blank. (Pick 1), ex Mel Steinberg. An original fine, rusty pinholes top left, the fabric
of the note original and very rare Estimate ÂŁ4,000-5,000 662
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x688 Zanzibar Government, 5 rupees, 1 August 1916, red serial number 74493, black, pale green and pale orange, dhow at left, fruit picking at right, ornate background detail, value in orange-brown underprint low centre, two printed signatures of John Sinclair and Jasper Corbett Davis below, reverse blank. (Pick 2), ex Mel Steinberg. A most interesting annotation on reverse ‘Rent paid for a week’, an original and attractive very fine, very rare in any condition and this ezxample above average for type Estimate £8,000-12,000 Lots x689 to x699: deleted www.spink.com
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THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Lot Number x700 A Magnificent Presentation Album of Zanzibar in brown leather with gold trim and titled THE ZANZIBAR GOVERNMENT BANK NOTES 1908 A presentation album comprising uniface specimen 5 rupees, 1908, black and pale green, value in pale orange low centre, a dhow in the moonlight at left, fruit pickers and ladder at right, value at centre and at each corner, signatures of C. Akers, Financial Member of the Council and J. Corbitt Davis, Treasurer low centre, uniface specimen 10 rupees, 1908, red and lilac, value in pale green low centre, a dhow in the moonlight at left, fruit pickers and ladder at right, value at centre and at each corner, signatures of C. Akers, Financial Member of the Council and J. Corbitt Davis, Treasurer low centre, uniface specimen 20 rupees, 1908, green and pale orange, value in lilac low centre, a dhow in the moonlight at left, fruit pickers and ladder at right, value at centre and at each corner, signatures of C. Akers, Financial Member of the Council and J. Corbitt Davis, Treasurer low centre, uniface specimen 100 rupees, 1908, a rich dark blue, pale green and pink, value in pale brown low centre, a dhow in the moonlight at left, fruit pickers and ladder at right, value at centre and at each corner, signatures of C. Akers, Financial Member of the Council and J. Corbitt Davis, Treasurer low centre (Pick 2, 3, 4, 6 for types), a superb presentation album, the album slightly distressed from ageing. the notes have small perforations and are attached at the left margin to card, the notes are fresh good extremely fine with vibrant colours and are of the highest rarity, the 100 rupees one of the worlds rarest and most iconic notes. An important discovery and a lovely presentation album. P.O.R
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665
THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Lot No. x700
666
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Lot No. x700
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THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
End of Sale
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Bibliography: (Presented by alphabetic order; multi IBNS articles presented by date of publication)
General references Books Eagleton, Catherine and Fuller Harcourt; Money in Africa, British Museum Research Publication, Volume: 171 (Featuring 12 papers from the ‘Money in Africa’ conference held at the British Museum), British Museum Press, 2009 (Book; ISBN 9780861591718). Hessler, Gene; The International Engraver’s Line, 2005 (Book; ISBN 9780976841104). Leclerc, Roger; (numismate.), Kolsky Maurice, Les billets africains de la zone franc, 2000 (Book; ISBN 2906602175). Schwan, C. Frederick and Boling, Joseph E.; World War II Remembered, 1995 (Book; ISBN 0931960401).
Banknotes Catalogues Standard Catalog of World Paper Money Linzmayer, Owen W.; The Banknote Book
References by country Mauritius Rey Clément, A Tentative Review of Mauritius Bank Notes Issued after 1810-Part I: 1811-1876 International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 35, No.3, pp.10-18, 1996 (Article). Rey Clément, A Tentative Review of Mauritius Bank Notes Issued after 1810-Part II: 1876 to Nowadays, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 36, No.2, pp.10-17, 1997 (Article). Griffiths Owen, The old new notes of Mauritius or why you don’t mess with tradition, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 38, No.2, p.24, 1999 (Article). Mozambique Cóelho, Avelãs; Papel moeda para Moçambique 1877-1973, Banco Nacional Ultramarino, Lisboa, 1977 (Book). Nuno Carvalho, Fernandes; Banco da Beira, Gabinete do Património Histórico da Caixa Geral de Depósitos (Office of Historical Heritage of Caixa Geral de Depósitos bank), 2012 (Article). Namibia Refer to Papenfus, Julian at South Africa. Salem, Farid; First issue of Namibia dollars, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 34, No.1, p.42, 1995 (Article). Persson, Sune; The establishment of the Bank of Namibia and the printing of its first bank notes, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 35, No.1, p.47, 1996 (Article). Rhodesia Reserve Bank of Rhodesia; Rhodesian banknotes, 1972 (Currency Media booklet). Kantor, M.; Bank notes of Rhodesia, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 12, No.3, p.147, 1973 (Article). Levius, Harold; Bank of Rhodesia and Nyasaland – signature and date varieties, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 15, No.1, p.53, 1976 (Article). Levius, Harold; Paper money chronicles of African history — Part 2 The Rhodesias and Nyasaland, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 34, No.1, p.10, 1995 (Article). Levius, Harold; Paper money chronicles of African history Part 3 — Signature and date varieties of Rhodesian paper money issues, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 34, No.2, p.30, 1995 (Article). Milner, Steve; A tale of three cities - the story of Rhodesian banknotes from 1965 to 1967, International Bank Note www.spink.com
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THE IBR AHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICAN BANKNOTES - PART I I
Society Journal, Volume 58, No.2, p.41, 2013 (Article). Gale, William Daniel; The Years Between 1923 – 1973, Half a century of responsible government in Rhodesia, H. C. P. Andersen, 1973 (Book, general history). Rhodesia and Nyasaland Refer to Rhodesia. Rwanda Refer to August (D.), Selvais (Ch.) at Belgian Congo. Seychelles Central Bank of Seychelles; History of Paper Currency in the Seychelles, 2008 (Booklet) Sierra Leone Symes, Peter; The Colonial Paper Money of Sierra Leone, 2006 (Article). South Africa Bergman, Walter; A History of the Regular and Emergency Paper Money Issues of South Africa, 1971 (Book). Engelbrecht C. L.; Money in South Africa, 1987 (Book; ISBN 0624025349) Levius, Harold P.; Catalogue of South African Paper Money since 1900, 1972 (Book). Papenfus, Julian; The paper money of the South African Reserve Bank 1921 – 2000 and South West Africa and Namibia 1914 – 2000, Julian Papenfus, JPF Trust, 2000 (Limited edition, private circulation book). Rossouw, Jannie; South African Reserve Bank – History, functions and institutional structure, South African Reserve Bank, 2009 (Booklet). Lawrence, Jimmie N.; South African paper money – part 1, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 1, No.2, p.17, 1961 (Article). Lawrence, Jimmie N.; South African paper money – part 2, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 1, No.3, p.42, 1961 (Article). Lawrence, Jimmie N.; South African paper money – part 3, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 1, No.4, p.15, 1962 (Article). Lawrence, Jimmie N.; Paper money of the South African Republic : Anglo-Boer War 1899-1902, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 6, No.4, p.6, 1967 (Article). Levius, Harold P.; 150 years of British paper money in South Africa, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 29, No.3, p.12, 1990 (Article). Wirz, Heinz P.; The democratic South African paper money, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 36, No.4, p.38, 1997 (Article). South West Africa Refer to Papenfus, Julian at South Africa. Swaziland Heath, Henry B.; The kings of Swaziland on bank notes, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 41, No.3, p.36, 2002 (Article). Zanzibar Hessler, Gene; The paper money (and coins) of Zanzibar, International Bank Note Society Journal, Volume 38, No.3, p.6, 1999 (Article). 670
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69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET tel: +44 (0)20 7563 4034 fax: +44 (0)20 7563 4037 email: auctionteam@spink.com
NAME ______________________________________________________
THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF
AFRICA
WRITTEN BIDS FORM
This form should be sent or faxed to the Spink auction office in advance of the sale. References for new clients should be ADDRESS ____________________________________________________ supplied in good time to be taken up before the sale. Bids received later than one hour before the start of the sale may ____________________________________________________________ not be processed.
____________________________________________________________ YOU CAN ALSO BID IN REAL TIME ON SPINK LIVE.
POSTCODE ___________________________________________________
JUST VISIT WWW.SPINK.COM, REGISTER AND
4 OCTOBER 2013 R AFTERNOON SESSION
SIGN UP FOR THE SALE.
LONDON
SALE TITLE
DATE
CODE NAME
SALE NO.
The Ibrahim Salem Collection of Africa
Friday 4 October 2013 at 10.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m.
Lumumba
13037
I request Spink, without legal obligations of any kind on its part, to bid on the following Lots up to the price given below. I understand that if my bid is successful the Purchase Price will be the sum of the final bid and Buyer’s premium as a percentage of the final bid as well as any VAT chargeable. The Rate of Premium is 20% of the final hammer price of each lot. All bids shall be treated as offers made on the Terms and Conditions for Buyers printed in the catalogue. I also understand that Spink provides the service of executing bids on behalf of clients for the convenience of clients and that Spink will not be held responsible for failing to execute bids. If identical commission bids are received for the same Lot, the commission bid received first by Spink will take precedence. Please note that you will not be notified if there are higher written bids received. If you require such notification then this is available on bids made via Spink live bidding service.
PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY IN BLOCK LETTERS AND ENSURE THAT BIDS ARE IN STERLING
Lot Number (in numerical order)
Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)
Lot Number (in numerical order)
Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)
Lot Number (in numerical order)
Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
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TEL. HOME
______________________________________________
TEL. OFFICE ____________________________________________
____________________________________________________
E-MAIL ________________________________________________
SIGNATURE _______________________________________________
VAT NUMBER ___________________________________________
FAX
Please indicate the type of card:
V ISA
V ISA DEBIT
MASTERCARD
SWITCH
AMERICAN EXPRESS
PAYMENT MADE BY MASTERCARD OR VISA ARE SUBJECT TO A 2% SURCHARGE AND AMERICAN EXPRESS 4% CARD NO: SIGNATURE
START DATE: EXPIRY DATE
ISSUE NO:
SECURITY CODE:
NAME (ON CREDIT CARD)
Please charge all purchases to my card Do not charge my card. I will arrange to send payment. (Spink will only charge your card should you default on the payment terms agreed) Please hold my purchased lots for collection
Continued ...
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DATE
SALE NO.
Friday 4 October 2013 at 10.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m.
13037
PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY IN BLOCK LETTERS AND ENSURE THAT BIDS ARE IN STERLING Lot Number (in numerical order)
Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)
Lot Number (in numerical order)
Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)
BIDDING INCREMENTS Bidding generally opens below the low estimate and advances in the following order although the auctioneer may vary the bidding increments during the course of the auction. The normal bidding increments are: Up to £100 £100 to £300 £300 to £600 £600 to £1,000
by £5 by £10 £320-£350-£380-£400 etc. by £50
£1,000 to £3,000 £3,000 to £6,000 £6,000 to £20,000 £20,000 and up
by £100 £3,200-£3,500-£3,800-£4,000 etc. by £500 Auctioneer’s discretion
Lot Number (in numerical order)
Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)
VAT is chargeable on the Hammer price and the Buyer’s premium of daggered (†) and (Ω) lots at the standard rate (currently 20%), and on lots marked (x) at the reduced rate (currently 5% on the Hammer price and 20% on the Buyer’s premium). VAT on Margin Scheme lots (identified by the absence of any VAT symbol next to the lot number) is payable at 20% on the Buyer’s premium only.
REFERENCES REQUIRED FOR CLIENTS NOT YET KNOWN TO SPINK
TRADE REFERENCES
BANK REFERENCES
________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Dauer Type Collection of Australian Banknotes is without doubt the finest of its kind, spanning the early Commonwealth Treasury and the portrait George V, George VI and Elizabeth II series. The high denomination notes from the early 20th century, a full set of which are in this collection, are particularly rare and almost impossible to obtain.
£100 1914, Rennicks 69b, only 14 examples believed extant
PRIVATE TREATY OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE TO ANY COLLECTORS WISHING TO KEEP THIS UNIQUE COLLECTION INTACT For a completely confidential discussion or to make an appointment to view, please contact our specialist Barnaby Faull Tel: +44 (0)20 7563 4031 Email: bfaull@spink.com 69 Southampton Row | Bloomsbury | London | WC1B 4ET
WWW.SPINK.COM
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR BUYERS These conditions set out the terms on which we (Spink and Son Limited of 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury London WC1B 4ET (company no. 04369748)) contract with you (Buyer) either as agent on behalf of the Seller or as principal if we are the Seller. You should read these conditions carefully. 1
DEFINITIONS The following definitions in this condition apply in these conditions.
2
3
Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme
means a VAT margin scheme as defined by HM Revenue & Customs;
Buyer’s Premium
means the charge payable by you as a percentage of the Hammer Price, at the rates set out in clause 5.1 below;
Certificate of Authenticity
means a certificate issued by an Expert Committee confirming the authenticity of a Lot;
Expert Committee
means a committee of experts to whom a Lot may be sent for an extension in accordance with clause 3.4.3;
Forgery
means a Lot constituting an imitation originally conceived and executed as a whole with a fraudulent intention to deceive as to authorship, origin, age, period, culture or source where the correct description as to such matters is not reflected by the description in the catalogue and which at the date of the auction had a value materially less than it would have had if it had been in accordance with the description in the catalogue. Accordingly, no Lot shall be capable of being a Forgery by reason of any damage and/or restoration work of any kind (including re-enamelling);
Hammer Price
means the amount of the highest bid accepted by the auctioneer in relation to a Lot;
Lot
means any item deposited with us for sale at auction and, in particular, the item or items described against any Lot number in any catalogue;
Reserve
the amount below which we agree with the Seller that the Lot cannot be sold;
Seller
means the owner of the Lot being sold by us;
Spink Group
Spink and Son Limited, our subsidiaries and associated companies.
VAT
value added tax chargeable under VAT and any similar replacement or additional tax; and
VAT Symbols
means the symbols detailing the VAT status of the Lot details of which are set out at the back of the catalogue.
SPINK’S ROLE AS AGENT 2.1
All sales undertaken by us either at auction or privately are undertaken either as agent on behalf of the Seller or from time to time, as principal if we are the owner of the Lot. Please note that even if we are acting as agent on behalf of the Seller rather than as principal, we may have a financial interest in the Lot.
2.2
The contract for the sale of the Lot will be between you and the Seller.
the first session of the sale. If accepted by us, such request shall have the same effect as notice of an intention to question the genuineness or description of the Lot for the purposes of clause 5.13 (Refund in the case of Forgery) of these Terms and Conditions and the provisions of clause 5.13 (Refund in the case of Forgery) shall apply accordingly. 3.4.2 Notice of a request for an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity must give the reason why such opinion is required and specify the identity of your proposed expert which will be subject to agreement by us. We reserve the right, at our discretion, to refuse a request for an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity including (without limitation) where the proposed expert is not known to us.
BEFORE THE SALE 3.1
3.2
Examination of goods You are strongly advised to examine personally any goods in which you are interested, before the auction takes place. Condition reports are usually available on request. We provide no guarantee to you other than in relation to Forgeries, as set out in clause 5.13 of these Terms and Conditions.
3.4.3 If we accept a request for an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity we will submit the Lot to the Expert Committee. You acknowledge and accept that the length of time taken by an Expert Committee to reach an opinion will vary depending on the circumstances and in any event is beyond our control.
Catalogue descriptions 3.2.1 Statements by us in the catalogue or condition report, or made orally or in writing elsewhere, regarding the authorship, origin, date, age, size, medium, attribution, genuineness, provenance, condition or estimated selling price of any Lot are merely statements of opinion, and are not to be relied on as statements of definitive fact. Catalogue illustrations are for guidance only, and should not be relied on either to determine the tone or colour of any item or to reveal imperfections. Estimates of the selling price should not be relied on as a statement that this price is either the price at which the Lot will sell or its value for any other purpose. 3.2.2 Many items are of an age or nature which precludes their being in perfect condition and some descriptions in the catalogue or given by way of condition report make reference to damage and/or restoration. We provide this information for guidance only and the absence of such a reference does not imply that an item is free from defects or restoration nor does a reference to particular defects imply the absence of any others. 3.2.3 Other than as set out in clause 5.13, and in the absence of fraud, neither the Seller nor we, nor any of our employees or agents, are responsible for the correctness of any statement as to the authorship, origin, date, age, attribution, genuineness or provenance of any Lot nor for any other errors of description or for any faults or defects in any Lot.
3.3
3.4
Your Responsibility You are responsible for satisfying yourself as to the condition of the goods and the matters referred to in the catalogue description. Extensions – Stamps only 3.4.1 If you wish to obtain an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity on any Lot (other than a mixed Lot or Lot containing undescribed stamps) you must notify us in writing not less than forty-eight hours before the time fixed for the commencement of
Spink Uni (07/11) (20)
3.4.4 We will not normally accept a request for an extension on account of condition. Any Lot described in the catalogue as having faults or defects may not be returned even if an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity cites other faults or defects not included in the catalogue description, other than in the case of a Forgery. 3.4.5 Should Spink accept a request for an extension under the foregoing provisions of this paragraph, the fact may be stated by the Auctioneer from the rostrum prior to the sale of the Lot. 3.4.6 It should be noted that any stamp accompanied by a Certificate of Authenticity is sold on the basis of that Certificate only and not on the basis of any other description or warranty as to authenticity. No request for an extension will be accepted on such a stamp and the return of such a stamp will not be accepted. 4
AT THE SALE 4.1
Refusal of admission Our sales usually take place on our own premises or premises over which we have control for the sale, and we have the right, exercisable at our complete discretion, to refuse admission to the premises or attendance at an auction.
4.2
Registration before bidding You must complete and sign a registration form and provide identification before making a bid at auction. Please be aware that we usually require buyers to undergo a credit check. Some lots may be designated, prior to the auction, as “Premium Lots”, which means a deposit may be required before placing a bid on the item for sale. Information will be posted on our website in such an event.
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4.3
Bidding as Principal When making a bid (whether such bids are made in person or by way of telephone bids operated by Spink, commission or online or email bids), you will be deemed to be acting as principal and will be accepting personal liability, unless it has been agreed in writing, at the time of registration, that you are acting as agent on behalf of a third party buyer acceptable to us.
4.4
Commission Bids If you give us instructions to bid on your behalf, by using the form provided in our catalogues or via our website, we shall use reasonable endeavours to do so, provided these instructions are received not later than 24 hours before the auction. If we receive commission bids on a particular Lot for identical amounts, and at auction these bids are the highest bids for the Lot, it will be sold to the person whose bid was received first. Commission bids are undertaken subject to other commitments at the time of the sale, and the conduct of the auction may be such that we are unable to bid as requested. Since this is undertaken as a free service to prospective buyers on the terms stated, we cannot accept liability for failure to make a commission bid. You should therefore always attend personally if you wish to be certain of bidding.
4.5
On-line Bidding We offer internet services as a convenience to our clients. We will not be responsible for errors or failures to execute bids placed on the internet, including, without limitation, errors or failures caused by (i) a loss of internet connection by either party for whatever reason; (ii) a breakdown or problems with the online bidding software and/or (iii) a breakdown or problems with your internet connection, computer or system. Execution of on-line internet bids is a free service undertaken subject to other commitments at the time of the auction and we do not accept liability for failing to execute an online internet bid or for errors or omissions in connection with this activity.
4.6
Telephone Bids If you make arrangements with us not less than 24 hours before the sale, we shall use reasonable endeavours to contact you to enable you to participate in bidding by telephone, but in no circumstances will we be liable to either the Seller or you as a result of failure to do so.
4.7
Currency Converter At some auctions, a currency converter will be operated, based on the one month forward rates of exchange quoted to us by Barclays Bank Plc or any other appropriate rate determined by us, at opening on the date of the auction. Bidding will take place in a currency determined by us, which is usually sterling for auctions held in London. The currency converter is not always reliable, and errors may occur beyond our control either in the accuracy of the Lot number displayed on the converter, or the foreign currency equivalent of sterling bids. We shall not be liable to you for any loss suffered as a result of you following the currency converter.
4.8
Video images At some auctions there will be a video screen. Mistakes may occur in its operation, and we cannot be liable to you regarding either the correspondence of the image to the Lot being sold or the quality of the image as a reproduction of the original.
4.9
Bidding Increments Bidding generally opens below the low estimate and advances in the following order although the auctioneer may vary the bidding increments during the course of the auction. The normal bidding increments are: Up to £100 by £5 £100 to £300 by £10 £300 to £600 £320-£350-£380-£400 etc. £600 to £1,000 by £50 £1,000 to £3,000 by £100 £3,000 to £6,000 £3,200-£3,500-£3,800-£4,000 etc. £6,000 to £20,000 by £500 £20,000 and up Auctioneer’s discretion
4.10 Bidding by Spink 4.10.1 We reserve the right to bid on Lots on the Seller’s behalf up to the amount of the Reserve (if any), which will never be above the low estimate printed in the auction catalogue. 4.10.2 The Spink Group reserves the right to bid on and purchase Lots as principal. 4.11 The Auctioneer’s Discretion The auctioneer has the right at his absolute discretion to refuse any bid to advance the bidding in such manner as he may decide to withdraw or divide any Lot, to combine any two or more Lots and, in the case of error or dispute, to put an item up for bidding again. Spink Uni (07/11) (20)
5
4.12 Successful Bid Subject to the auctioneer’s discretion, the striking of his hammer marks the acceptance of the highest bid, provided always that such bid is higher than the Reserve (where applicable), and the conclusion of a contract for sale between you and the Seller. 4.13 After Sale Arrangements If you enter into any private sale agreements for any Lot with the Seller within 60 days of the auction, we, as exclusive agents of the Seller reserve the right to charge you the applicable Buyer’s Premium in accordance with these Terms and Conditions, and the Seller a commission in accordance with the terms of the Seller’s agreement. 4.14 Return of Lot Once your bid has been accepted for a Lot then you are liable to pay for that Lot in accordance with these Terms and Conditions. If there are any problems with a Lot then you must notify us within 7 days of receipt of the Lot, specifying the nature of the problem. We may then request that the Lot is returned to us for inspection. Save as set out in clause 5.13, the cancellation of the sale of any Lot and the refund of the corresponding purchase price is entirely at our sole discretion. We will not normally exercise that discretion if the Lot is not received by us in the same condition that it was in at the auction date. AFTER THE AUCTION 5.1 Buyer’s Premium In addition to the Hammer Price, you must pay us the Buyer’s Premium at a rate of 20% of the final Hammer Price of each Lot. 5.2 Value Added Tax Other than in respect of Zero-rated Lots (o) VAT is chargeable on the Hammer price and the Buyer’s premium of daggered (†) and (Ω) lots at the standard rate (currently 20%), and on lots marked (x) at the reduced rate (currently 5% on the Hammer price and 20% on the Buyer’s premium). VAT on Margin scheme lots (identified by the absence of any VAT symbol next to the lot number) is payable at 20% on the Buyer’s premium only. 5.3 VAT Refunds General 5.3.1 As we remain liable to account for VAT on all Lots unless they have been exported outside the EU within 3 months of the date of sale, you will generally be asked to deposit all amounts of VAT invoiced. However, if a Spink nominated shipper is instructed, then any refundable VAT will not be collected. In all other cases credits will be made when proof of export is provided. If you export the Lot yourself you must obtain shipping documents from the Shipping Department for which a charge of £50 will be made. 5.3.2 If you export the Lot you must return the valid proof of export certificate to us within 3 months of the date of sale. If you fail to return the proof of export certificate to us within such period and you have not already accounted to us for the VAT, you will be liable to us for the full amount of the VAT due on such Lot and we shall be entitled to invoice you for this sum. 5.3.3 To apply for a refund of any VAT paid, the proof of export certificate must be sent to our Shipping Department clearly marked ‘VAT Refund’ within 3 months of the date of sale. No payment will be made where the total amount of VAT refundable is less than £50 and Spink will charge £50 for each refund processed. VAT Refunds - Buyers from within the EU 5.3.4 VAT refunds are available on the Hammer Price and Buyer’s Premium of Daggered (†) and Investment Gold (g) Lots. You must certify that you are registered for VAT in another EU country and that the Lot is to be removed from the United Kingdom within 3 months of the date of sale. 5.3.5 Where an EU buyer purchases a Lot on which import VAT has been charged, no refund of VAT is available from us. It may be possible to apply directly for a refund on form VAT 65 to HM Revenue & Customs Overeseas Repayment Section, Londonderry. VAT Refunds – Buyers from outside the EU 5.3.6 Where a Lot is included within the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme and evidence of export from the EU is produced within 3 months of the date of sale, the VAT on Buyer’s Premium may be refunded. 5.3.7 Where the Lot is marked as a Daggered (†) or Investment Gold (g) Lot the VAT charged on the Hammer Price may be refunded where evidence of export from the EU is produced within 3 months of the date of sale. A refund of VAT charged on the Buyer’s Premium can also be made on receipt of proof of business as a collectibles dealer. 5.3.8 Where the Lot is marked as an Omega (Ω) Lot or an Import VAT (x) Lot and evidence of export from the EU is produced within 3 months of the date of sale, the VAT charged on both the Hammer Price and Buyer’s Premium may be refunded. Where required, we can advise you on how to export such Lots as a specific form of export evidence is required. Where we advise you on the export of the Lots, please be aware that the ultimate responsibility in respect of obtaining a valid proof of export certificate will lie with you and we will not be responsible for your failure to obtain such certificate.
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Payment 5.4.1 You must provide us with your full name and permanent address and, if so requested, details of the bank from which any payments to us will be made. You must pay the full amount due (comprising the Hammer Price, the Buyer’s Premium and any applicable VAT) within seven days after the date of the sale. This applies even if you wish to export the Lot and an export licence is (or may be) required. 5.4.2 You will not acquire title to the Lot until all amounts due have been paid in full. This includes instances where special arrangements were made for release of Lot prior to full settlement. 5.4.3 Payment should be made in sterling by one of the following methods: II(i) Direct bank transfer to our account details of which are set out on the invoice. All bank charges shall be met by you. Please ensure that your client number is noted on the transfer. i(ii) By cheque or bank draft made payable to Spink and Son Ltd and sent to Spink at 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET. Please note that the processing charges for payments made by cheques or bank drafts drawn on a non-U.K bank shall be met by you. Please ensure that the remittance slip printed at the bottom of the invoice is enclosed with your payment. (iii) By Visa or Mastercard. A charge of 2% will be applied. Payments exceeding £5,000 can normally only be made by the card holder in person whilst on our premises. 5.4.4 Payments should be made by the registered buyer and not by third parties, unless it has been agreed at the time of registration that you are acting as an agent on behalf of a third party. 5.5 Invoices Invoices may consist of one or more pages and will show: Zero rated Lots (o); no symbol Lots sold under the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme; Lots marked (g) special scheme Investment Gold; Daggered Lots (†), imported Lots marked (x) and (Ω), (e) Lots with Zero rated hammer for EU VAT registered buyers. 5.6 Collection of Purchases 5.6.1 Unless we specifically agree to the contrary, we shall retain items sold until all amounts due to us, or to the Spink Group, have been paid in full. 5.6.2 Unless we notify you to the contrary, items retained by us will be covered in accordance with our policy which is available for inspection at our offices from the date of sale for a period of seven days or until the time of collection, whichever is sooner. After seven days or from the time of collection, whichever is the earlier, the Lot will be entirely at your risk. 5.6.3 Our policy will not cover and we are unable to accept responsibility for damage caused by woodworm, changes in atmospheric conditions or acts of terrorism. 5.7 Notification We are not able to notify successful bidders by telephone. While Invoices are sent out by mail after the auction we do not accept responsibility for notifying you of the result of your bid. You are requested to contact us by telephone or in person as soon as possible after the auction to obtain details of the outcome of your bids to avoid incurring charges for late payment. 5.8 Packing and handling 5.8.1 We shall use all reasonable endeavours to take care when handling and packing a purchased Lot but remind you that after seven days or from the time of collection, whichever is sooner, the Lot is entirely at your risk. Our postage charges are set out at the back of the catalogue. 5.8.2 It is the responsibility of the Buyer to be aware of any Import Duties that may be incurred upon importation to the final destination. Spink will not accept return of any package in order to avoid these duties. The onus is also on the Buyer to be aware of any Customs import restrictions that prohibit the importation of certain collectibles. Spink will not accept return of the Lot(s) under these circumstances. Spink will not accept responsibility for Lot(s) seized or destroyed by Customs. 5.8.3 If the Buyer requires delivery of the Lot to an address other than the invoice address this will be carried out at the discretion of Spink. 5.9 Recommended packers and shippers If required our shipping department may arrange shipment as your agent. Although we may suggest carriers if specifically requested, our suggestions are made on the basis of our general experience of such parties in the past and we are not responsible to any person to whom we have made a recommendation for the acts or omissions of the third parties concerned. 5.10 Remedies for non-payment or failure to collect purchases 5.10.1 If you fail to make payment within seven days of your stipulated payment date set out in your invoice, we shall be entitled to exercise one or more of the following rights or remedies: 5.10.1.1 to charge interest at the rate of 2% per month compound interest, calculated on a daily basis, from the date the full amount is due;
5.4
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5.10.1.2 to set off against any amounts which the Spink Group may owe you in any other transaction the outstanding amount remaining unpaid by you; 5.10.1.3 we may keep hold of all or some of your Lots or other property in the possession of the Spink Group until you have paid all the amounts you owe us or the Spink Group, even if the unpaid amounts do not relate to those Lots or other property. Following fourteen days’ notice to you of the amount outstanding and remaining unpaid, the Spink Group shall have the right to arrange the sale of such Lots or other property. We shall apply the proceeds in discharge of the amount outstanding to us or the Spink Group, and pay any balance to you; 5.10.1.4 where several amounts are owed by you to the Spink Group in respect of different transactions, to apply any amount paid to discharge any amount owed in respect of any particular transaction, whether or not you so direct; 5.10.1.5 to reject at any future auction any bids made by you or on your behalf or obtain a deposit from you before accepting any bids. 5.10.2 If you fail to make payment within thirty-five days, we shall in addition be entitled: 5.10.2.1 to cancel the sale of the Lot or any other item sold to you at the same or any other auction; 5.10.2.2 to arrange a resale of the Lot, publicly or privately, and, if this results in a lower price being obtained, claim the balance from you together with all reasonable costs including a 20% seller’s commission, expenses, damages, legal fees, commissions and premiums of whatever kind associated with both sales or otherwise, incurred in connection with your failure to make payment; or 5.10.2.3 take any other appropriate action as we deem fit. 5.11 Failure to collect Where purchases are not collected within seven days after the sale, whether or not payment has been made, you will be required to pay a storage charge of £2 per item per day plus any additional handling cost that may apply. You will not be entitled to collect the Lot until all outstanding charges are met, together with payment of all other amounts due to us. 5.12 Export Licence 5.12.1 If required we can, at our discretion, advise you on the detailed provisions of the export licensing regulations. Where we advise you in relation to export licensing regulations the ultimate responsibility in respect of any export will lie with you and we will not be responsible for your failure to apply for any necessary licences. 5.12.2 If the Lot is going to be hand carried by you, you may be required to produce a valid export licence to us or sign a waiver document stating that a licence will be applied for. 5.12.3 You should always check whether an export licence is required before exporting. Export licences are usually obtained within two or three weeks but delays can occur. 5.12.4 Unless otherwise agreed by us in writing, the fact that you wish to apply for an export licence does not affect your obligation to make payment within seven days nor our right to charge interest on late payment. 5.12.5 If you request that we apply for an export licence on your behalf, we shall be entitled to recover from you our disbursements and out of pocket expenses in relation to such application, together with any relevant VAT. 5.12.6 We will not be obliged to rescind a sale nor to refund any interest or other expenses incurred by you where payment is made by you despite the fact that an export licence is required. 5.13 Refund in the case of Forgery 5.13.1 A sale will be cancelled, and the amount paid refunded to you if a Lot (other than a miscellaneous item not described in the catalogue) sold by us proves to have been a Forgery. We shall not however be obliged to refund any amounts if either (a) the catalogue description or saleroom notice at the auction date corresponded to the generally accepted opinion of scholars or experts at that time, or fairly indicated that there was a conflict of opinions, or (b) it can be demonstrated that the Lot is a Forgery only by means of either a scientific process not generally accepted for use until after publication of the catalogue or a process which at the date of the auction was unreasonably expensive or impracticable or likely to have caused damage to the Lot. Furthermore, you should note that this refund can be obtained only if the following conditions are met: 5.13.1.1 you must notify us in writing, within seven days of the receipt of the Lot(s), that in your view the Lot concerned is a Forgery; 5.13.1.2 you must then return the item to us within fourteen days from receipt of the Lot(s), in the same condition as at the auction date; and
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5.13.1.3 as soon as possible following return of the Lot, you must produce evidence satisfactory to us that the Lot is a Forgery and that you are able to transfer good title to us, free from any third party claims. 5.13.2 In no circumstances shall we be required to pay you any more than the amount paid by you for the Lot concerned and you shall have no claim for interest. 5.13.3 The benefit of this guarantee is not capable of being transferred, and is solely for the benefit of the person to whom the original invoice was made out by us in respect of the Lot when sold and who, since the sale, has remained the owner of the Lot without disposing of any interest in it to any third party. 5.13.4 We shall be entitled to rely on any scientific or other process to establish that the Lot is not a Forgery, whether or not such process was used or in use at the date of the auction. 6 LIABILITY Nothing in these Terms and Conditions limits or excludes our liability for: 6.1 death or personal injury resulting from negligence; or 6.2 any damage or liability incurred by you as a result of our fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation. 7 COPYRIGHT 7.1 We shall have the right (on a non-exclusive basis) to photograph, video or otherwise produce an image of the Lot. All rights in such an image will belong to us, and we shall have the right to use it in whatever way we see fit. 7.2 The copyright in all images, illustrations and written material relating to a Lot is and shall remain at all times our property and we shall have the right to use it in whatever way we see fit. You shall not use or allow anyone else to use such images, illustrations or written material without our prior written consent. 8 VAT You shall give us all relevant information about your VAT status and that of the Lot to ensure that the correct information is printed in the catalogues. Once printed, the information cannot be changed. If we incur any unforeseen cost or expense as a result of the information being incorrect, you will reimburse to us on demand the full amount incurred. 9 NOTICES All notices given under these Terms and Conditions may be served personally, sent by 1st class post, or faxed to the address given to the sender by the other party. Any notice sent by post will be deemed to have been received on the second working day after posting or, if the addressee is overseas, on the fifth working day after posting. Any notice sent by fax or served personally will be deemed to be delivered on the first working day following despatch. 10 ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS The following provisions of this clause 10 shall apply only if you are acting for the purposes of your business. 10.1 Limitation of Liability Subject to clause 6, we shall not be liable, whether in tort (including for negligence) or breach of statutory duty, contract, misrepresentation or otherwise for any: 10.1.1 loss of profits, loss of business, depletion of goodwill and/or similar losses, loss of anticipated savings, loss of goods, loss of contract, loss of use, loss of corruption of data or information; or 10.1.2 any special, indirect, consequential or pure economic loss, costs, damages, charges or expenses. 10.2 Severability If any part of these Terms and Condition is found by any court to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that part may be discounted and the rest of the conditions shall continue to be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 10.3 Force majeure We shall have no liability to you if we are prevented from, or delayed in performing, our obligations under these Terms and Conditions or from carrying on our business by acts, events, omissions or accidents beyond our reasonable control, including (without limitation) strikes, lock-outs or other industrial disputes (whether involving our workforce or the workforce of any other party), failure of a utility service or transport network, act of God, war, riot, civil commotion, malicious damage, compliance with any law or governmental order, rule, regulation or direction, accident, breakdown of plant or machinery, fire, flood, storm or default of suppliers or subcontractors. 10.4 Waiver 10.4.1 A waiver of any right under these Terms and Conditions is only effective if it is in writing and it applies only to the circumstances for which it is given. No failure or delay by a party in exercising any right or remedy under these Terms and Conditions or by law shall constitute a waiver of that (or any other) right or remedy, nor preclude or restrict its further exercise. No single or partial exercise of such right or remedy shall preclude or restrict the further exercise of that (or any other) right or remedy. 10.4.2 Unless specifically provided otherwise, rights arising under these Terms and Conditions are cumulative and do not exclude rights provided by law. Spink Uni (07/11) (20)
10.5 Law and Jurisdiction 10.5.1 These Terms and Conditions and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with them or their subject matter, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of England and Wales. 10.5.2 The parties irrevocably agree that the courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim that arises out of, or in connection with, Terms and Conditions or their subject matter.
Postal Charges Prices for books (items sent by this method are not covered by insurance) Weight
UK
EU
Rest of the World
Up to 1kg
£8 for any weight
£12
£15
Up to 2kg
£8 for any weight
£18
£25
Prices for all other items including postage and packaging Invoice Value
UK
EU
Rest of the World
Up to £1,500
£10
£15
£20
Up to £10,000
£20
£30
£40
Above £10,001
£20
£50
£60
Shipments of more than 2kg or volumetric measurement of more than 2kg have to be sent by courier. Certain countries may incur extra charge when courier services are required by our insurance policy. For lots sent by courier please contact Auctionteam@spink.com for calculation of any further relevant cost in addition to the above charges. Value Added Tax (VAT) Charging of (VAT) at Auction The information shown on this page sets out the way in which Spink intends to account for VAT. i.
Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme 1. Where possible, we will offer Lots for sale under the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme. Such Lots can be identified by the absence of any VAT symbol next to the Lot number in the catalogue and will not be subject to VAT on the Hammer Price. 2. Where Lots are sold using the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme to VAT–registered businesses, the VAT included within the Buyers’ Premium is not recoverable as input tax. Upon request on sale day, we will issue invoices that show VAT separately on both the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium. This will enable VAT-registered businesses to recover the VAT charged as input tax, subject to the normal rules for recovering input tax.
ii.
Zero-Rated Lots Limited Categories of goods, such as books, are Zero-rated (o) for VAT in the United Kingdom. Such Lots are offered under the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme. In these circumstances no VAT will be added to the Buyer’s premium.
iii.
Daggered Lots Lots which are Daggered (†) in the catalogue are subject to VAT at 20% on both the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium.
iv.
Starred and Omega Lots Lots which are marked (x) in the catalogue are subject to VAT at 5% on the Hammer price plus 20% on the Buyer’s premium. Lots which bear the Omega symbol (Ω) are subject to VAT at 20% on the Hammer Price and on the Buyer’s Premium. Such Lots bear VAT because the Lot is liable for VAT at this rate on importation into the EU.
v.
Investment Gold Lots Lots marked (g) in the catalogue are exempt from VAT on the Hammer Price and are subject to VAT at 20% on the Buyer’s Premium. A refund of VAT charged on the Buyer’s Premium can also be made on receipt of proof of business as a collectibles dealer.
vi.
Imported Lots Lots which are marked (x) and Lots which bear the Omega symbol (Ω) have VAT charged on the Hammer Price and Buyers’ Premium because they have been imported into the United Kingdom from outside the EU. In these cases we have used a temporary importation procedure, which in effect means that the point of importation is deferred until the Lot has been sold. At this point the Buyer is treated as the importer and is liable to pay the import VAT due. We will collect the VAT from you and pay it to HM Customs and Excise on your behalf.
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GROUP CHAIRMAN AND CEO Olivier D. Stocker YOUR SPECIALISTS STAMPS UK - Tim Hirsch Guy Croton David Parsons Nick Startup Neill Granger Paul Mathews Dominic Savastano Tom Smith USA - George Eveleth Richard Debney EUROPE - Guido Craveri Fernando Martínez CHINA - Anna Lee COINS UK - Mike Veissid Paul Dawson Richard Bishop William MacKay Eleanor Charlotte Dix Tim Robson Barbara Mears John Pett USA - Stephen Goldsmith Greg Cole Normand Pepin CHINA - Mark Li BANKNOTES, BONDS & SHARES UK - Barnaby Faull Mike Veissid Andrew Pattison USA - Stephen Goldsmith CHINA - Mark Li ORDERS, DECORATIONS, MEDALS & MILITARIA UK - Mark Quayle Oliver Pepys BOOKS UK - Philip Skingley Jennifer Mulholland AUTOGRAPHS USA - Stephen Goldsmith WINES CHINA - Anna Lee Guillaume Willk-Fabia YOUR EUROPE TEAM (LONDON - LUGANO) Chairman’s Office Monica Kruber Charles Blane Directors Tim Hirsch Anthony Spink Auction & Client Management Team Miroslava Adusei-Poku Eleanor Ball Luca Borgo Rita Ariete Dora Szigeti John Winchcombe Kenichiro Imase María Martínez Maurizio Schenini Finance Alison Bennet Marco Fiori Mina Bhagat Dennis Muriu Billy Tumelty Dean Dowdall IT & Administration Berdia Qamarauli Liz Cones Curlene Spencer Tom Robinson Cristina Dugoni Giacomo Canzi
SALE CALENDAR 2013 STAMPS 10 21 22 22 23 23 24 13 14 14 15 11
September September September October October October October November November November November December
British East Africa and Uganda - The Award Winning Collections of George T. Krieger Stamps and Covers of South East Asia The Japanese Occupation Issues of South East Asia Bermuda - Dr. the Hon. David J. Saul Collection The Award Winning “Medina” Collection of India Part III Important British Empire Revenues The J. B. Bloom Collection of South Africa The Collector’s Series Sale The Robert Marion Collection of Mauritius Stamps and Postal History The “Lionheart” Collection of Great Britain and British Empire - Part II Postal History and Historical Documents Great Britain Stamps and Postal History
London Singapore Singapore London London London London London London London London London
13040 13030 13038 13045 13028 13041 13046 13043 13048 13049 13050 13044
North East Indian Coins from the Nick Rhodes Collection Indian, Islamic, British and Anglo-Gallic Coins and Commemorative Medals World Coins and Commemorative Medals The Collector’s Series Sale Ancient, British & Foreign Coins and Commemorative Medals
London London London New York London
13019 13014 13039 317 13015
World Banknotes The Ibrahim Salem Collection of African Banknotes Banknotes of Bermuda - Dr. the Hon. David J. Saul Collection The Collector’s Series Sale World Banknotes
London London London New York London
13018 13037 13047 317 13034
Orders, Decorations, Campaign Medals & Militaria
London
13003
The Collector’s Series Sale Bonds and Share Certificates of the World Bonds and Share Certificates of the World
New York Lugano London
317 SW1008 13017
The Collector’s Series Sale
New York
317
An Evening of Exceptional Wines
Singapore
SFW03
COINS 24 September 24/25 September 1 October 9/10 October 3 December
BANKNOTES 2/3 October 4 October 4 October 9/10 October 5 December
MEDALS 21 November
BONDS AND SHARES 9/10 October 19/21 October 28 November
YOUR AMERICA TEAM (NEW YORK) Chairman Emeritus John Herzog Auction Administration and Marketing & Design Sonia Alves Luke Mitchell Finance & Administration Sam Qureshi Ingrid Qureshi Auctioneer Stephen Goldsmith
AUTOGRAPHS 9/10 October
WINES 20 September
The above sale dates are subject to change
YOUR ASIA TEAM (HONG KONG - SINGAPORE) Vice Chairman Anna Lee Administration Amy Yung Newton Tsang Raymond Tat Gary Tan
Spink offers the following services: – VALUATIONS FOR INSURANCE AND PROBATE FOR INDIVIDUAL ITEMS OR WHOLE COLLECTIONS – – SALES ON A COMMISSION BASIS EITHER OF INDIVIDUAL PIECES OR WHOLE COLLECTIONS –
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THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF R
AFRICA
THE IBRAHIM SALEM COLLECTION OF AFRICA
R 4 OCTOBER 2013
69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET www.spink.com
LONDON
© Copyright 2013
R
STAMPS COINS BANKNOTES MEDALS BONDS & SHARES AUTOGRAPHS BOOKS WINES
4 OCTOBER 2013 R AFTERNOON SESSION
LONDON