Sep/Oct 2017 Sprinkler Age by SprinklerAge

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SEP / OCT 2017

SPRINKLER AGE

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN FIRE SPRINKLER ASSOCIATION

VOL 36/05

BOB CAPUTO 2017 HENRY S. PARMELEE AWARD RECIPIENT

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SprinklerAge

Vol 36 / 05 September/October 2017

Features 10 | Dedication to Industry Education

Bob Caputo Receives the 2017 Henry S. Parmelee Award

18 | Understanding the Darcy-Weisbach Equation

When Not to Use Hazen-Williams

22 | When is Loading Detrimental to Sprinkler Performance?

A Look Into Loading’s Effect on Sprinkler Thermal Sensitivity

25 | Betting on Your Business

How to Reduce Risk

28 | Omitting Flow From Sprinklers in the Design Area

Identifying Acceptable Small Compartments

32 | Quality Contractor Recognition Awarded

AFSA Recognizes American Fire Protection Group, Inc.

34 | Erb Wins Waller Scholarship

CLSE and AFSA Award $4,000 to OSU Student

36 | Meet the Finalists!

ON THE COVER Bob Caputo, Fire & Life Safety America, Richmond, Virginia is the 2017 recipient of AFSA’s highest honor, the Henry S. Parmelee Award. Cover photo credit: Bonnie Caputo.

Seven Vie to Win National Apprentice Competition

38 | McKee, Huffert Win 2017 DeCamara Scholarships

Outstanding FPE Students Earn Academic Assistance

42 | Follow the Bouncing Needle

Margin of Safety vs. Safety Factors

46 | Hydraulic Calculations

Back to Basics

50 | Longitudinal Sway Bracing of CPVC

Using an NFPA 13 Analogy

52 | Empowering Your Next Gen Employees

Get Them Involved!

54 | Taking Fire Safety Into Their Own Hands

Homeowners Voluntarily Install Residential Sprinkler System

56 | Health Insurance for 2018

What You Need to Know

58 | Thank You for Your Support!

Members Celebrate Milestone Anniversaries

CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGE

PRESIDENT’S REPORT

64 AHJ PERSPECTIVE 66 AFSA NEWS 66 CALENDAR 68 CHAPTER NEWS 70 NEW MEMBERS 71 U.S. CONSTRUCTION 71 CANADA CONSTRUCTION 72 PEOPLE IN THE NEWS 74 PRODUCT NEWS 76 INDUSTRY NEWS 78

INDEX OF ADVERTISERS

60 | AFSA Launches Online Safety Portal

Free Safety Resource Aims to Help Keep Members Safe

62 | AFSA Expands Into Canada

Alberta, Vancouver Chapters Formed

SPRINKLER AGE, (ISSN 0896-2685) is published bimonthly for $33.95 per year by the American Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc., 12750 Merit Drive, Suite 350, Dallas, Texas 75251. Periodicals postage paid at Dallas, Texas and additional mailing offices.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to SPRINKLER AGE, 12750 Merit Drive, Suite 350, Dallas, Texas 75251. Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 5

CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGE EDITORIAL: 214 349 5965

BY MICHAEL F. MEEHAN AFSA Chairman of the Board

FRANK MORTL III, CAE, Publisher D’ARCY G. MONTALVO, Editor, ext. 115 dmontalvo@firesprinkler.org NICOLE DUVALL, Director of Communications, ext. 126; nduvall@firesprinkler.org ADVERTISING: 214 349 5965

REBECCA HERRING, Communications Coordinator, ext. 134; rherring@firesprinkler.org CIRCULATION : 214 349 5965

REBECCA HERRING, Communications Coordinator, ext. 134; rherring@firesprinkler.org

It is time for some reflection as my two-year tenure as Chairman of AFSA comes to a close. I am grateful to the Board and the past chairs for affording me the opportunity to represent our industry and to be part of this great organization. For the past 10 years I have watched and helped us grow and change, but it strikes me how much talent and sheer determination that most have taken 36 years ago to lay the foundation and to lift this organization off of the ground. We still stand on that well-laid foundation, and we have worked hard in our own ways to build upon it. As the ranks of our membership have grown, so has our staff. We are bigger, stronger, and more professional than I can ever recall. I would venture a guess that pound for pound we rival any trade organization in the country. On the visible side we have more contractor members, more chapters, and more participation than ever; we have expanded our reach and our offerings. We have a strong and growing social media presence. We have upgraded personnel back in Dallas on many different levels. On the not so visible but just as important back-of-house side, we have up-to-date software and accounting; the natural corollary to all of the these moves has led to a strengthened balance sheet. Like any healthy organization we have changed and evolved. As leaders of our organizations and our industry we must stay in tune with many different sounds and environments. Sometimes the changes aren’t easy and sometimes they are thrust upon us, but it is our job to listen and adjust. But even though we have changed and evolved there has been one constant since our founding.

AFSA BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our mission statement for the past 36 years and our reason for existence has remained steadfast and is well worth acknowledging and repeating: “The American Fire Sprinkler Association is the voice of the merit shop automatic fire sprinkler contractor. In support of the merit shop objective, the American Fire Sprinkler Association promotes the development of education and training programs to maintain the quality and effectiveness of automatic fire sprinklers; encourages an expanded role for automatic fire sprinklers in protecting lives and property; disseminates information on labor, technology and business; and provides programs to enhance business practices for the merit shop contractor.”

MARLENE M. GARRETT, CMP, Vice President of Meetings & Operations, ext. 118

That mission statement has not only guided us for the past 36 years, it has thrived. Perhaps one day our mission and offerings will expand. It is my hope that the simplicity, direction, and contractor-led spirit of our mission statement always stays with us. Thank you to my predecessors who showed us the way. To the Board, my deepest thanks. Your savvy, wit, humor and hard work have made the past two years an experience I will always cherish. To the staff, you are second to none and true professionals; it is your efforts that make us all look good. n

MICHAEL F. MEEHAN, CHAIRMAN 757-213-3660 WAYNE WEISZ, FIRST VICE CHAIRMAN 209-334-9119 THEODORE C. WILLS, JR., SECOND VICE CHAIRMAN 610-754-7836 LINDA M. BIERNACKI, SECRETARY 318-841-0330 JACK A. MEDOVICH, TREASURER 410-787-0639 JOSEPH A. HEINRICH, IMMEDIATE PAST CHAIRMAN 785-825-7710 DONALD G. ALBARES, 504-837-0572 DWIGHT BATEMAN, 713-910-3242 PAUL DELORIE, 603-432-8221 ROD DIBONA, 605-348-2342 LYLE HALL, 858-513-4949 R. DONALD KAUFMAN, 505-884-2447 JEFF PHIFER, 803-438-2994 AFSA MANAGEMENT: 214 349 5965

FRANK MORTL III, CAE, President ROLAND J. HUGGINS, PE, Senior Vice President of Engineering & Technical Services, ext. 121

BRADLEY ELLIOTT, Director of Member Services, ext. 135 LAVERNE DAVIS, Director of Financial & Administrative Services, ext. 112 NICOLE DUVALL, Director of Communications, ext. 126 LESLIE CLOUNTS, Director of Education Services, ext. 130 ROGER GRAGG, Director of Marketing & Information Technology, ext. 116 Sprinkler Age is devoted to the professional development of the Fire Sprinkler Industry. Deadline is 1st of the month preceding publication. Published by American Fire Sprinkler Association, 12750 Merit Drive, Suite 350, Dallas, Texas 75251. Call (214) 349-5965, FAX (214) 343-8898, or email sprinklerage@firesprinkler.org for information. Copyright © American Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc. All rights reserved. PRINTED IN USA. Unless expressly stated otherwise, all editorial and advertising material published is the opinion of the respective authors and/ or companies involved and should not be construed as official action by or approved by Publisher or the Association. Sprinkler Age is a membership benefit, provided free of charge to AFSA members. For information on non-member and/or foreign subscription rates, call (214) 349-5965. ABOUT AFSA MEMBERSHIP AFSA annual membership dues are a sliding scale for Contractors and Associates and a flat fee for Authorities Having Jurisdiction. (Members receive a free subscription to Sprinkler Age.) Write or call AFSA for membership information. See AFSA’s website at firesprinkler.org.

6 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

PRESIDENT’S REPORT BY FRANK MORTL III, CAE AFSA President

Inspiration. The actions of a person believed to qualify them to communicate sacred opinions. To understand the depth and breadth of knowledge that the American Fire Sprinkler Association’s (AFSA) Past Chairman of the Board of Directors have brought to leadership conversations since 1981 is to understand why the principles of our organization remain so solid and inspiring at this point in our history. AFSA has been formally led by 18 men over the last 36 years, each drawing from different disciplines to express their abilities in coherent and productive ways depending on the course of the fire sprinkler industry at the time. It’s useful to reflect upon these stalwarts of contracting in an effort to properly identify how AFSA has effectively communicated benefits of success to members as well as their continued influence on the future of inspired programming deliverables. LeRoy Lemon, C.B. Hall, Harold Black, Willie Templin, Ed Smith, Tom Waller, and Jack Viola – these seven leaders served on the AFSA Board of Directors in our first seven years of existence. AFSA’s first Chairman in 1981, LeRoy Lemon, paved a way for these inspirational individuals to create the organization’s Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws, Mission Statement, and other critical documents that set off a series of events which allowed the Association to take shape. The AFSA Bylaws, for example, are consistently referred to by current leadership in an effort to maintain the vision of our inspired founding fathers. Referencing AFSA’s Principles, Primary Objectives, Membership Categories, Organizational Structure, and Procedural Policies, our Bylaws were carefully crafted and maintained with one primary goal in mind: developing programming devoted to the educational and training needs of open shop fire sprinkler contractors. As has been evident throughout history, however, even the most successful organizations are not immune to economic downturns and/or the threat of outside agencies that don’t share your philosophical ideals. Such was the case in the early 1990s. Fortunately for AFSA, the right leader was positioned to become Chairman of the Board at just the right time – and for a bit longer than was originally intended. The venerable Don Becker joined the Board in 1988 and by 1991 had been elected Chairman. Displaying such tremendous abilities both as an individual fire sprinkler contractor and as a nonprofit trade association volunteer, Don graciously accepted the challenge to serve two consecutive two-year terms as Chairman – something no one else has accomplished for AFSA before or since. As many in our inner circle will contend, Don “saved AFSA” from 1991-1995 in terms of solidifying our financial and organizational structure. The organization is 8 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

forever grateful for Don Becker’s inspiration and subsequently awarded him a Lifetime Membership as a small token of AFSA’s deep appreciation. Since the mid-1990s and the stabilization of AFSA’s entity, past Chairmen of the Board include Bob McCullough, Bill Corbin, Bob Rees, Marty Giles, Manning Strickland, Larry Thibodeau, Don Kaufman and Dwight Bateman. Rock solid contributors to the advancement of AFSA’s mission of providing merit shop fire sprinkler contractors with industry-leading training, consulting, communication, representation, and educational advancement. These individuals all rolled up their sleeves and contributed their mastery of a body of knowledge while also offering a historical perspective that proved to be essential to the broad and deep understanding of fire sprinkler contractor members. They did the “work” – volunteered at their national association while at the same time took care of their unique businesses, inspired industry professionals, nurtured families, contributed to their local communities, and perhaps even made a little time to improve their golf games. None of us “have the time” to give back to our industry, per se. Those that “find the time,” however, more often than not are the contractor leaders and pillars of industry that become the most successful individually and professionally. It’s not a coincidence, folks. Personally, I have had the privilege of working for the two most recent AFSA Board Chairmen – Joe Heinrich and Mike Meehan. Two men who consistently have the following terms said about each of them: integrity, vision, dedication, persistence, kindness, fairness, boldness, and leader. Beginning this year, a quarterly meeting I’ve been able to participate in as President is AFSA’s Past Chairs Committee. Don’t get me wrong, I adore all 20-plus AFSA committees/sub-committees/councils/workgroups… there’s just something about our Past Chairs Committee that makes it my favorite group to sit with every three months. They don’t just discuss current politics of the day, although with the recent state of activities in Washington D.C., that has definitely been on the menu. Led by Immediate Past Chairman Joe Heinrich, the past chairs share invaluable wisdom and present visionary opportunities for your AFSA staff to execute that tie our rich past into a path for future successes. AFSA members can rely on benefits and services characterized by the integration of recent programming developed by fire sprinkler contractors for fire sprinkler contractors, melded with the ability to draw upon Past Board Chairs and their willingness to provide impactful inspiration. n

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Dedication to Industry Education Bob Caputo Receives the 2017 Henry S. Parmelee Award D’ARCY MONTALVO | American Fire Sprinkler Association

The American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) has named Robert (Bob) G. Caputo, CFPS, CET as its 2017 Henry S. Parmelee award recipient in recognition of his dedication to and education efforts in the fire protection industry. The association’s highest honor, the Parmelee award is given to a select group of individuals who have tirelessly committed to strengthening the fire sprinkler industry. This year’s honoree has truly made a positive impact on industry on a global scale. Caputo is currently vice president of tech support and training for Fire & Life Safety America in Richmond, Virginia and is a private consultant in the industry. He unknowingly began his career in the fire sprinkler industry after some firsthand experience in the United States Navy when he was assigned to the Magazine Fire Sprinkler Shop at San Diego Naval Station after a minor injury. “Our crew would modify the sprinkler systems aboard ships while in port, using valves and equipment from ‘Automatic’ Sprinkler Corp. of America [ASCOA] and I got to know their representative,” recalls Caputo. “I had planned to go to law school and had been taking correspondence courses to finish my Bachelor of Science degree. I had taken the LSATs and also applied to the San Diego County Sheriff’s Department as my interim plan. I had a family to support, so I applied to some local fire sprinkler companies to fill the time while I waited to see where I’d be headed, and landed at Sentinel Fire [an early AFSA member] where I worked in the field and in design with Lyle Hall.” Caputo also looked for job opportunities in the Midwest as his wife had family in that area and the cost of living was lower. He interviewed for a design job with ASCOA and was offered a job in Kansas City. He then climbed up the ranks of several contracting companies until he found the right fit. “I was a designer in Kansas City and was working for Jim Lewis at American Fire Sprinkler Corp. when Jim asked me if I’d be interested in starting a Service Department for the company. I’ve never said no to opportunity and I jumped in with a smile and a ton of anticipation. The truth is I hated being a designer!” Two years later, Caputo took on the role of field superintendent. “I learned a lot during my tenure as superintendent – 10 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Caputo served in the United States Navy where he was first introduced to the fire sprinkler industry.

about fire sprinklers, people, management, leadership, and focusing on results rather than control. The job was demanding and I was working 10- to 12-hour days, six days a week in most cases,” Caputo says. “I noticed the vendor side looked like the greener side of the fence and I was really missing California, so I interviewed with Buck Buchanan at Central Sprinkler to become the western regional sales manager.” During his time with Central, Caputo visited sprinkler companies in Southern California, Southern Nevada, Arizona, and Hawaii. “Seeing how all of these different companies approached the work, who had fab shops and who didn’t, in-house designers versus free-lancers, different approaches to estimating and so on, gave me a unique perspective on how I wanted to start and run my own sprinkler company,” states Caputo. Caputo was promoted to director of marketing at Central and also became involved in the residential sprinkler movement during this time, serving on the Southern California Sprinkler Advisory Board. In 1987, Carroll Garvin with Garvin Fire Protection approached Caputo about opening a San Diego office. After realizing that manufacturing and sales were not the greener side of the fence for him, Caputo went back to contracting and back home to San Diego. “By 1991 or so, Carroll was planning to retire and offered to allow me to buy the San Diego office, which we renamed and

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changed our labor force to an open-shop format to be more competitive in the marketplace,” remembers Caputo. “I started CFI (Consolidated Fireprotection, Inc.) in 1992 and along the way, we designed and installed some great work and had some fun doing it.”

Over time, we expanded the programs to include multiple NFPA standards plus hydraulic calculations and plan review. That program still exists today with iOS being taught by Ken Wagoner. I stopped teaching the San Diego program after about 18 years.”

In 2000 Caputo sold the company to Cosco Fire and shortly thereafter left the firm to become a consultant. For the next few years, he prepared high-piled storage reports, hazmat reports, testified as an expert witness, and did overflow plan review for local municipalities.

A year or two into that program in San Diego County, Lloyd Ivy, then AFSA’s Director of Member Services, attended a meeting of the Association’s and one of its AHJ seminars the next day. The team of Caputo and Leavitt impressed Ivy, and shortly thereafter, AFSA formally invited them to submit a plan to teach its weeklong seminar series nationwide.

“My teaching schedule was taking more and more time which was perfect for me. I had been exposed and mostly successful in all aspects of fire- and life-safety functions. My perspective as an instructor was more unique because of my experience and, as such, more practical than many instructors,” says Caputo. In 2006, Jack Medovich approached him about helping East Coast Fire Protection (ECFP), now Fire & Life Safety America, start a more formal Service Department across its footprint.

“That class revealed to me that Bob was a valuable asset to the advancement of fire sprinklers because of his knowledge, delivery, interaction and humor with the firemen,” recalls Ivy. “His presentation was far from dull, pedantic reading from notes behind a podium. He was vibrant, moving around and funny. The AHJs loved it. So when the need arose for a seminar presenter, I remembered how impressed I was with his class and lobbied for Bob.”

“I joined the company in June of 2006 and we started the process with me initially as a full-time employee and later as a consultant, splitting my time between consulting and teaching,” says Caputo. “I am a detail-oriented guy and with my 20th anniversary on the NFPA 13 committee coming in January, I’ve been able to bring a broad range of industry knowledge and perspective to problem solving and training. I say this with tongue firmly implanted in cheek, but with nearly 40 years of practice, I’ve become pretty good at this fire protection thing.”

Caputo and Leavitt modernized the seminar material from overhead projector transparencies to a sleek PowerPoint presentation. The two would often split up seminar weeks and each teach a few days. “We shared a lot of hotel rooms,” recalls Leavitt, executive chairman of Telgian Corp., Tempe, Arizona. “It was a great learning experience for me. Bob knew more about fire sprinklers than anyone I had ever been associated with. He was fun to teach with and I was in awe of his ability to hold an audience.

Dedication to Education In 1990, while working as the district general manager of the Garvin Fire Protection office in San Diego, Caputo joined the San Diego Fire Protection Association. He would come to serve as president of that organization and became very involved in continuing education.

“We went from teaching seminars to representing AFSA on NFPA technical committees. Then we created seminars for NFPA, taking the sprinkler message wherever we could – even all over the world when you add in NFPA conventions,” Leavitt recalls.

“I’m often amazed at the people who rose out of that small market to become national and international industry speakers, including Lyle Hall, Russ Leavitt, Steve Leyton, and Ken Wagoner,” says Caputo.

“Bob loves the industry and is an absolute advocate of sprinklers. He put sprinklers in his new home when the homebuilder wouldn’t do it for him,” Leavitt says. “He’s a great sprinkler advocate. In fact, the Jared Allen Foundation reconditioned a home for a Telgian employee’s son who was injured during his military service and Bob arranged for a donated sprinkler system. That’s just Bob in a nutshell.”

Caputo found that he absolutely loved teaching and especially fire protection-related topics. “As a young man in the sprinkler industry, I’d had occasion to attend some training sessions and I made a promise to myself that if I ever got to be the guy in the front of the room, I’d try to be more energetic and share the passion and enthusiasm for what we do.” Caputo met Russ Leavitt, who was also very active in the San Diego Fire Protection Association, and the two of them started presenting a local monthly seminar series for the local Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) in San Diego, Riverside, and Orange counties. “I don’t remember having a formal syllabus at the time, but we would just start reading Chapter 1 and answer questions until we got to the end of the book. Then we’d start over again. 12 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Caputo and Leavitt still spend some of their time presenting seminars for AFSA, as well as other industry organizations. To this day, the two often team up to present at AFSA’s conventions. Caputo joined the NFPA seminar teaching staff in 1999, and has presented seminars in 41 states and 14 countries. These seminars have included NFPA 3, NFPA 4, NFPA 13, NFPA 15, NFPA 16, NFPA 20, NFPA 25, NFPA 30, NFPA 72, NFPA 130, NFPA 750, hydraulic calculations; and others. “In many cases, I’ve been the program developer or part of a team for others,” comments Caputo. “This also led to my

assisting NFPA staff with advisory services as a consultant for a few years, which gave me the greatest opportunity to really know NFPA 13 and other water-based standards more than anything else I’ve ever done. Caputo continues: “I believe that live seminars are the greatest opportunity for practitioners to learn directly from instructors who, in most cases, sit on the committees for the standards they teach. Participation is invaluable and I always appreciate participants who ask a lot of questions and make the seminars about what they need, rather than what we think they want. “At its core, training is the single most important thing (after earning profits) any fire protection firm or professional can participate in,” he says. “That ‘we save lives and property’ isn’t just a tag line or a motto… it’s what we do and it’s really important. It matters and what we do has to be right – and it needs to be right when no one is looking or checking. Consistency comes from training programs. Trainers may not have direct responsibility for profits and losses in many cases, but without a trained staff of designers, estimators, service technicians, fitters and inspectors, companies can’t ever take advantage of growth opportunities which directly impact those financial statements.” A recent training program Caputo developed with Russ Leavitt is the ITM Inspector Development program for AFSA. This program allows participating companies to introduce new inspection, testing, and maintenance candidates to a training program that produces NICET Level 2 certified inspectors in about 19 months. “This program will have created a whole new category of professional in our industry, in the segment we believe is the most important area we serve: ITM of existing systems. I think that’s pretty cool and kind of a nice legacy,” Caputo says. AFSA At-Large Director Jack Medovich, Fire & Life Safety America, Hanover, Maryland, notes that Caputo has a talent for educating and connecting with people. “What he’s done for the industry as a whole in our country and throughout the world is unprecedented. He’ll go anywhere to teach anyone about fire sprinklers and fire protection. Worldwide, we are in a safer place because of Bob Caputo.”

Caputo shares a moment with George Church, a friend and fellow member of the SprinklerFORUM, an email discussion list about automatic fire sprinklers.

tional Structure and Management of Fire Sprinkler Contracting. He is a past member of the NFPA 3, NFPA 4, and NFPA 20 Technical Committees. Caputo is a current member of three NFPA 13 Technical Committees (Installation Criteria, Discharge Criteria, and Hanging & Bracing) and the NFPA 25 Technical Committee for ITM. He serves as chairman of NFPA 16 Technical Committee for Foam-Water Sprinkler Systems. He is also a member of the California State Contractor’s License Board Rewrite Committee for the C-16 Exam. Caputo is also a past member of the board of directors of the San Diego Burn Institute; past member of the board of directors of the Boys & Girls Club of Carlsbad; and past member of the California Unilateral Apprenticeship Committee (sprinkler fitter training).

“The relationships that Bob has created with his seminar attendees are amazing. When people meet Bob for the first time, they don’t ever forget him. He’s still there 10-15 years later to help everyone solve his or her problems on fire protection. He just keeps giving to anyone and everyone who asks for his guidance. He will always provide support to our industry, our members, and anyone who has a question. Also, with the knowledge he’s amassed over his career, he always has the right answer, too! Just ask him!”

Family Life Caputo and his first wife Janet have three sons: Chris, Corey and Danny. Chris, 44, is married to Danielle and they have one son Dominic. They live in Northern California where Chris is a service technican and inspector for Sciens Building Solutions. Corey, 42, is a single dad and lives in Vista, California, spending as much time as possible with daughter Wednesday and working at Low Voltage Integrated Systems, a fire and security alarm company with a full service department. Danny, 32, is an entrepreneur and lives in Carlsbad.

In addition to his instructing and consulting time, Caputo is a contributor to the NFPA 13 (2013 and 2016 editions) and NFPA 25 (2014 edition) handbooks, and authored AFSA’s Project Management Tools – A Complete Guide to Organiza-

Although it appears he works 24/7, Caputo does find some down time. He and his current wife Bonnie, a photographer, enjoy spending time with family and friends. Bonnie’s daughter Makenna is the quality assurance/quality control team leader at Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 13

Caputo and wife Bonnie enjoy spending time together on the water.

Caputo and his sons (from left to right): Chris, Bob, Corey, and Danny.

Fire & Life Safety America, and is returning to school via distance learning programs to work on her Bachelor of Science degree. Bonnie’s son Garrett is 22 and a college student who is planning to learn sprinkler design (in Dallas at AFSA’s Beginning Fire Sprinkler System Planning School) and then seek a position in the industry.

AFSA President Frank Mortl III, CAE states: “An extremely deserving individual of the American Fire Sprinkler Association’s most prestigious award, Bob Caputo embodies AFSA’s goal to recognize an outstanding individual who has dedicated themselves to the professional advancements of the fire sprinkler industry. As an expert communicator, knowledgeable educator, and enthusiastic conduit for professional growth, Bob sits on my metaphorical ‘Industry Mount Rushmore’ for good reason.”

Caputo’s brother John owns a small fire sprinkler company in San Diego and mostly focuses on small contracts and remodel work. His eldest brother Paul is a retired Rio Rancho police officer and heads up the Marine Corps League in New Mexico. Caputo’s parents Arlene and Joe, now in their 80s, reside in Rio Rancho, New Mexico. Caputo’s “other family” has to be his fire protection counterparts…. Caputo has been involved in the industry for so long that many have become like family. “This may sound corny, but I’ve been influenced by almost everyone I’ve ever worked with or for,” he comments. Awards and Accolades The highest honor AFSA bestows upon an individual, the Henry S. Parmelee Award was instituted in 1983 to recognize an outstanding individual who has dedicated him or herself to the professional advancement of the automatic fire sprinkler industry and to the goal of fire and life safety through automatic sprinklers. It is named for Henry S. Parmelee, who is recognized as the inventor of the first commercially successful closed sprinkler head. AFSA Chairman of the Board Mike Meehan, president of VSC Fire & Security, Virginia Beach, Virginia says: “Bob approaches all things with passion, none more so than his profession. On the NFPA 13 committee and as an instructor he consistently sees and hears competing thoughts and arguments, I have seen him many times articulate a position with sound logic and carry the day and yet, like many great thinkers, he is not afraid to shift and see it another way. He has dedicated his career to teaching others and to making the standards better. You will find few that know more and care more than Bob Caputo.” 14 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Jason Gill, Fire & Life Safety America, Richmond, Virginia nominated Caputo for the award this year. “Bob’s involvement in the industry resonates globally with his tireless training and seminar schedules. His dedication to the advancement of the industry, as well as the individuals within it, has played a large part in my own desire to do the same. “Bob obviously has a passion for what he does. He has a very unique way of delivering a message to someone, regardless of their position or experience that helps them better understand the NFPA standards, how sprinkler systems work, and even how to put them together. I truly believe Bob Caputo’s imprint on the industry will long outlast his presence in it,” Gill concludes. Matt Klaus, principal fire protection engineer at NFPA, notes that Caputo has been one of the most visible volunteers in the NFPA codes and standards process over the last 25 years. “Whether it is chairing NFPA technical committee meetings, chairing task groups, serving as a principal TC member, sitting on Fire Protection Research Foundation panels or instructing for our training department, Bob has selflessly devoted himself to helping carry out the NFPA mission.” “I think Bob is one of the best examples of the characteristics that define the Parmelee award,” says AFSA Senior Vice President of Engineering & Technical Services Roland J. Huggins, PE. “Bob has been significantly involved with educational efforts by AFSA for decades, and has traveled around the world as part of NFPA’s educational efforts to help others understand the

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Caputo, Garrett, Bonnie, and Makenna enjoy vacationing together, then and now. Both children are now grown and active in the fire protection industry.

Caputo with sister Roseann, brother John, and grandma Rose at grandma’s 100th birthday party at the Rio Rancho Golf Club.

standards that drive our industry. He’s also spent decades on multiple NFPA technical committees. It’s obvious that he’s driven to improve the sprinkler industry and has applied a lot of effort. What may be less obvious is that he has had a significant impact on furthering the goal of fire safety.”

Buchanan, executive vice president, Globe Fire Sprinkler Corporation. “Bob has been a passionate instructor for AFSA and NFPA going back to 1989. His classes are always informative, organized, entertaining and full! He has been willing to take on any topic our Convention Committee requests of him, whether it be geared for contractors, manufacturers or AHJs. Sitting on both NFPA 13 and NFPA 25 committees, it is clear that Bob’s expertise and his ability to convey it with enthusiasm and humor has enabled our entire membership to benefit. We would all like to make a difference in our lives and in our industry... Bob has.”

“The best part about Bob is his humility,” notes Jack Medovich. “It’s hard to believe he’s as humble as he is, especially when you see him presenting a seminar. I sometimes have to explain to him why he gets the accolades and why people are consistently reaching out to him. I think his best attribute is that he’s so truly humble about what he provides to the industry, and this continues to push him to make us all the best fire protection professional we can be. We couldn’t do it without you, Bob!” “In the spirit of our association’s primary objectives of training and education, I cannot think of an individual more deserving of this recognition,” comments Buck

Caputo has no doubt left his mark on the industry with current and future generations as he continues to do what he loves. AFSA will present him with its 2017 Henry S. Parmelee award during the general session on Tuesday, September 26, at AFSA36: Convention, Exhibition & Apprentice Competition at the Bellagio Las Vegas. n

Henry S. Parmelee Award Recipients 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

John M. Rhodes, FM Global Research Corp. William J. Meyer, Central Sprinkler Corporation C. B. Hall, American Automatic Sprinkler Co. Harold L. Black, Central Fire Protection, Inc. Edward J. Reilly, Ed Reilly Associates Richard T. Groos, The Viking Corporation Ron Coleman, Chief, Fullerton Fire Dept., CA Frank J. Fee III, Reliable Automatic Sprinkler Corp. Dr. John M. Bryan, University of Maryland School of Fire Protection Engineering W. D. (Dave) Hilton, Chief, Cobb County Fire Department, GA J. Frank Riseden, AFSA President 1983-1991 Haden B. Brumbeloe, Publisher, FPC Magazine Edward H. Smith, H.F.P. Corporation Tom Waller, Viking Fire Protection of the SouthEast Chester W. Schirmer, Schirmer Engineering Corp. Tom Siegfried, Retired Chief, Altamonte Springs, FL Donald D. Becker, Midland Automatic Sprinkler Co.

16 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Robert L. McCullough, AllSouth Sprinkler Company (awarded posthumously) Buck Buchanan, Central Sprinkler Corporation Frank M. Winiecki, General Sprinkler Corporation Jack Viola, H.F.P. Corporation Lowell Gillett, Fire Engineering Co., Inc. (retired) Joe Hankins, FM Global (retired) Art Cote, National Fire Protection Association Tom Groos, The Viking Corporation William E. Corbin, Mutual Sprinklers, Inc. Lloyd Ivy, AFSA Director of Membership (1986-2008) Marty Giles, VSC Fire & Security Willie Templin, American Automatic Sprinkler, Inc. Bob Rees, Sunland Fire Protection Russ Leavitt, Telgian Corporation James Golinveaux, Tyco Fire Protection Products George Wagner, Worsham Sprinkler Company Steve Muncy, AFSA President (1991-2016) Robert (Bob) G. Caputo, Fire & Life Safety America

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Understanding the Darcy-Weisbach Equation When Not to Use Hazen-Williams E. PARKS MOORE, PE, CFPS, SET | S & S Sprinkler Company

Any seasoned fire sprinkler designer or fire protection engineer should be familiar with the Hazen-Williams equation. It is the fundamental equation used in water-based fire protection for calculating the friction loss of water flowing through pipe. The Hazen-Williams formula (see Figure 1) is used when doing sprinkler calculations by hand, and it is used by computer-based hydraulic calculation software.

physical properties of the water enough that the Darcy-Weisbach equation will need to be used. (See Figure 2.)

Applying the Darcy-Weisbach equation is a little convoluted because it not only has multiple variables (as shown by Figure 2), but determining the value for some of these variables is not a simple matter. The first step is to determine the friction factor (f). Calculating the friction factor is itself a multi-step process. The first step is to However, the Hazen-Williams equation has its limits since it calculate the Reynolds Number (see Figure 3 on page 19) of the does not contain a variable for density, viscosity, or temperature. fluid. The Reynolds number (R) is a dimensionless number that It is assumed when using the Hazen-Williams formula that the relates the viscous forces in the fluid to the inertial forces of the fluid is water at room temperature. Having said that, donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t leap fluidâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flow (Principles and Practice of Engineering Examination in to the false conclusion that for other temperatures, you should Fire Protection Engineering Reference Manual, 4th Edition, SFPE). not use the Hazen-Williams equation. The main point to The density and viscosity of a fluid can be significantly impacted by understand is that when the fire protection fluidâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s properties are the fluidâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s temperature. Therefore, the anticipated operating dissimilar to those of water the Hazen-Williams formula is no temperature ranges of the fire protection system should be known longer valid. So, when friction loss needs to be calculated for when determining the fluid density and viscosity. The lowest other fire protection fluids such as foam concentrate, anti-freeze temperature should be applied since that poses the When Not to Use Hazen-Williams anticipated systems exceeding 40 gallons in capacity, or for certain high higher viscosity and density that generates the greatest friction loss. pressure mist systems, the Darcy-Weisbach formula should be These values can be found by referring to appropriate fluid physical applied instead. In the case of foam systems, once the foam property tables. A word of caution: there are two types of viscosity: E. Parks P.E., CFPS,with SET concentrate has been Moore, appropriately proportioned water absolute (dynamic) viscosity and kinematic viscosity. Make sure you downstream of the foam proportioning device, it is not necesuse the absolute (dynamic) viscosity. It does not help that some sary to use the Darcy-Weisbach formula for hydraulic calculafoam concentrate manufacturers will provide different viscosity tions. Even in foam-water solutions as high as six percent types their data with sheets (dynamic for their AR-AFFF concentrates easoned fire sprinkler designer or fire protection engineer should beonfamiliar AR-AFFF (alcohol resistant aqueous film-forming foam and kinematic for their standard AFFF concentrates). lliams equation. It is the fundamental equation used in water based fire protection concentrates), the Hazen-Williams equation can still be used. g the friction loss of water flowing through pipe. The Hazen-Williams formula (See Regarding water mist systems, low pressure systems (up to 175 Once the Reynolds Number is calculated, the relative roughness sed when psi) doing sprinkler calculations by Hazen-Williams hand, and it is used by(see computer can also still be calculated using the Figure 4 onbased page 19) needs to be determined. Fortunately, ulation software. formula. In medium and high pressure mist systems, where suggested values for can be found in the annex of NFPA 13, pressures can be anywhere from 175 psi to well in excess of Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, (see Table 1,000 psi,Hazen-Williams the higher pressures Friction and velocities can Equation impact the A.23.4.4.8.2). Darcy-Weisbach For example, new steel with Loss a typical Hazen-WilLoss Friction Equation

DERSTANDING THE DARCY-WEISBACH EQUATION

4.52đ?&#x2018;&#x201E;đ?&#x2018;&#x201E;!.!" đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = !.!" !.!" đ??śđ??ś đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;

P = friction loss per foot of pipe (psi) Q = flow rate (gpm) d = internal pipe diameter (inches) C = Hazen-Williams coefficient Figure 1. Hazen-Williams Friction Loss Equation.

Figure 1

18 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201E;đ?&#x2018;&#x201E;! đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = 0.000216 đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;đ?&#x2018;&#x2018; ! P = friction loss (psi) f = friction factor Q = flow (gpm) d = pipe diameter (inches) L= length of pipe (ft) đ?&#x153;&#x152;đ?&#x153;&#x152; = density of fluid (lb/ft3)

Figure 2. Darcy-Weisbach Friction Loss Equation.

Figure 2

Applying the Darcy-Weisbach equation is a little convoluted because it not o

heir AR-AFFF concentrates and kinematic for their standard AFFF concentrates). be determined. Fortunately, suggested values for đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; can be found in the annex of NF Table A.23.4.4.8.2). For example, new steel with a typical Hazen-Williams C Factor Reynolds Numberan Equation đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = 0.0018 in. and the typically applied C Factor of 120 has an đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = 0.004 in. T solving for relative roughness a simple task.

đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026; =

!".!!"

đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026; đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;â&#x201E;&#x17D;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A; = đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;/đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;đ?&#x2018;&#x2018; Once the Reynolds Number!" is calculated, the relative roughness (See Figure 4) needs to be determined. Fortunately, suggested values for đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; can be found in the annex of NFPA 13 (see Table A.23.4.4.8.2). For example, new steel with a typical Hazen-Williams C Factor(inches) of 143 has Q = fluid flow (gpm) d = pipe diameter an đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = 0.0018din. and the typically applied C Factor of 120 hasđ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;an đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = 0.004 in. This makes = pipe diameter (inches) = average height of pipe roughness (inches) solving for relative roughness a simple task. = absolute (dynamic) viscosity (cP) Copyright 2015 National Fiređ?&#x153;&#x2021;đ?&#x153;&#x2021; Protection Association (NFPA). Licensed, by agreement, for individual use and single download via NFCSS All Access on October 5, 2015 This document is for NFPA Committee use only by Thoma Wellen. No other reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA. For inquires or to report unauthorized use, contact licensing@nfpa.org.

13â&#x20AC;&#x201C;440

Figure 4

đ?&#x153;&#x152;đ?&#x153;&#x152; = density of fluid (lb/ft3)

can now be determined from a Moody Diagram (See Figu Figure 3 The friction factor Figure 4. Determining the Relative Roughness. the Reynolds number and relative roughness. Moody Diagrams can be found in d = pipe diameter (inches) Table A.23.4.4.8.2 Suggested Îľ-Factor for Aged Pipe NFPA 16, and NFPA 750, asalways wellfallas hydraulic or fire = average height ofthe pipe roughness (inches) liams C Factor of 143 has an đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; factor of 0.0018 in. and typically almost intoin the various turbulent flow zone of thecalculation Moody Slope of 4 in 12 applied C Factor of 120 has an 0.004 in. This makes solving for Diagram. However, some alcohol resistant foam concentrates engineering handbooks. The Reynolds numbers for water-based fire protection sy Hazenâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Williams Îľ-Factor Pipe C the Factor [in.to(mm)] relative roughness a simple task. may fall zone into theoflaminar flow zoneDiagram. due their high Figurefall 4 into the(AR-AFFF) almost always turbulent flow Moody However, so viscosities. The main characteristic of the different flow zones is resistant foam concentratesSteel (AR-AFFF) may fall into flow zone due to (new) 143 the laminar 0.0018 (0.045) 10.5 ft The factor can now determined from a Moody that the friction factor for the full5) turbulent zone0.004 is fairly consisFigure (3.2 m) benow Steel 120 (0.100) Thefriction friction factor can be determined from a Moody Diagram (See Figure using viscosities. The main characteristic of the different flow zones is that the friction fa shows actual Diagram (see Figure 5) using the Reynolds number and relative tent whereas the transitional zone sees a good amount of change Steel 100 0.015 (0.375) 2.1 ft dimension Diagrams can be found in NFPA 13, the Reynolds number and relativefull roughness. Moody turbulent zone is fairly consistent whereas the150 transitional zone sees a goodly (630 mm) Copper (0.0021) roughness. Moody Diagrams can be found in NFPA 13; NFPA and the laminar zone an extensive amount of 0.000084 change whenever parallel to NFPA 16, 16,Standard and NFPA 750, as well as in various hydraulic calculation or fire protection slope. Plastic 150 0.000084 (0.0021) change and the and laminar zone anorextensive amount change whenever the flow o for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler the flow pipe size changes across of a piping network. engineering handbooks. TheandReynolds numbers for water-based fire protection systems will Foam-Water Spray Systems; NFPA 750, Standard on Water changes across a piping network. For SI units, 1 in. = 25 mm. Calculation floor area = 10 ft Ă&#x2014; 12 ft (See Figure A.23.4.4.5.3) Figure 3. Reynolds Number Equation.

almost Mist always fall intoSystems; the turbulent flow zone of the Moody Diagram. However, alcohol calculating the Fire Protection as well as in various hydraulic Once the friction factor hassome been determined, resistantcalculation foam concentrates (AR-AFFF) may fallArea intoUnder the laminar to of their FIGURE Determination of Floor orA.23.4.4.6.5 fire protection engineering handbooks. The frictionflow loss inzone the onedue section pipe high is simply a matter of plugSloped Ceiling/Roof. Reynolds numbers water-based fireofprotection systemsflow will zonesging into the Darcy-Weisbach viscosities. The main for characteristic the different is the thatvariables the friction factor for theequation. The following full turbulent zone is fairly consistent whereas the transitional zone sees a goodly amount of change and 0.10 the laminar zone an extensive amount of change whenever the flow or pipe size Turbulent zone 0.09 a piping network. changes across Laminar Critical Transition zone

zone

Complete turbulence rough pipe 0.05

0.07

0.04

0.06

0.03

0.05

0.01 0.008

0.015

0.006

0.03

0.004 0.003 0.002 0.0015

0.02

0.001 0.0008 0.0006

0.015

0.01 0.009 0.008

103

4 5 6 8 104

4 5 6 8 105

4 5 6 8 106

Reynolds number (Re)

4 5 6 8 107

Friction factor, f

flow inar Lam = 64R f

0.04

0.02

Relative roughness

0.08

0.0004 0.0003 0.0002 0.00015 0.0001 0.00008 0.00006 0.00004 0.00003 0.00002 0.000015 0.00001

2 3 4 5 6 8 108 e = 0.000005 D

e = 0.000001

FIGURE A.23.4.4.8.2 Moody Diagram. Figure 5. Table A.23.4.4.8.2 Moody Diagram. Reproduced with permission from NFPA 13-2016, Installation of Sprinkler Systems, Copyright ÂŠ 2015, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. This reprinted material is not the complete and official position of the NFPA on the referenced subject, which is represented only by the standard in its entirety which may be obtained through the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 19

ic viscosity. Make sure you use the absolute (dynamic) viscosity. It does not help that am concentrate manufacturers will provide different viscosity types on their data sheets c for their AR-AFFF concentrates and kinematic for their standard AFFF concentrates).

simple example illustrates the calculation process. Assume the While the final step may be easy, the overall calculation can be Reynolds Number Equation system consists of 100 feet of 2-in. black schedule 40 pipe and that cumbersome and is not for the faint of heart. It should not be the fluid is a 3 percent AFFF foam concentrate with the following assumed that because of the more detailed process required to !".!!"Figure 5 đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026; = properties: perform the Darcy-Weisbach calculation, that it is any more Once the friction factor has been !"determined, calculating the friction loss in the one section of100 of 2-in. schedule 40Darcy-Weisbach black steel equation. pipe accurate than the Hazen-Williams equation for calculations pipe isequivalent simply a matterfeet of plugging the variables into the The following simple example illustrates the calculation process. Assume the system consists of Q = 30 gpm involving water. In4)fact, thereto are variables such as seasonal feet ofQ2â&#x20AC;?=black schedule pipeis and calculated, that the fluid is a 3% AFFF concentrateroughness with the fluid flow40(gpm) Once the 100 Reynolds Number the foam relative (See Figure needs followingdproperties: = 2.067 inches changes in temperature, assumption of the pipe roughness, or = pipe suggested diameter (inches) termined. Fortunately, values for đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;pipecan be found in the annex of NFPA 13 (see feet of 2â&#x20AC;? schedule 40 black steel absolute viscosity (cP) Îźđ?&#x153;&#x2021;đ?&#x153;&#x2021; ==100 1.1equivalent cP (dynamic) error introduced by manually interpolating the Moody Qexample, = 30 gpm 3 e A.23.4.4.8.2). For new steel with a typical Hazen-Williams Factor of 143 has đ?&#x153;&#x152;đ?&#x153;&#x152; =d63 density of (lb/ft3) lb/ft fluid diagramCthat can affect the accuracy of results. Nevertheless, = 2.067 inches đ?&#x153;&#x2021;đ?&#x153;&#x2021; = 1.1 cP = 0.0018 in. and typically applied C Factor of 120 has an the đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; =Darcy-Weisbach 0.004 in. This makes T =the 68Â°F method is essential for properly calculatđ?&#x153;&#x152;đ?&#x153;&#x152; = 63 lb/ft Figuretask. 3 ng for relative roughness T = 68 F a simple ing friction losses in piping for viscous fluids. A trustworthy Calculating the Reynolds Number the following result: hydraulic calculation program is worth its weight in gold when Calculating the Reynolds Number yieldsyields the following result: this becomes necessary. n ! 50.6(30 đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;)(63 đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;/đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C; ) 3

đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026; =

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Parks Moore is the CEO

pipewould diameter (inches) of S & S Sprinkler Company in Mobile, Alabama. If it is assumed that dthe=pipe have a C-factor of 100 this He has a Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree in mechanical engiđ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = average height of pipe roughness (inches) would equate to an = 0.015. So the relative roughness can be neering from Vanderbilt University and a Masters If it is assumed that the pipe would have a C-factor of 100 this would equate to an đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = calculated as relative shownroughness below.can be calculated as shown below. 0.015. So the in Business Administration from Tulane UniverFigure 4

sity. He is a licensed fire protection engineer, a Certified Fire Protection Specialist, and holds 2.067 đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;. a NICET IV certification in automatic sprinkler 0.015 đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;. system layout. He currently serves as an alternate The friction factor can now beanddetermined Moody đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026; đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;â&#x201E;&#x17D;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A; = =from 0.0073 Now that the Reynolds Number the relative roughness have beenacalculated, the Diagram (See Figure 5) using 2.067 đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;. Now thatfactor thecanReynolds Number roughness have member on the NFPA 13 Technical Committee friction be determined by referringand back the to therelative Moody diagram. The friction factor is Reynolds number and Finally, relative roughness. Moody Diagrams can be found in NFPA 13, found to be 0.0375. the friction loss through the section of pipe can be calculated. for Installation and is a principal member of the NFPA 15 Technical been calculated, the friction factor can be determined by referring Now that the Reynolds Number and the relative roughness have been calculated, the Committee for Water Fixed Systems. He is a past president of A 16, and NFPA 750, as well as in various hydraulic calculation or fire Spray protection friction factorMoody can be determined by referring back to the factor Moody diagram. Theto friction back to the diagram. The friction is found be factor is the Alabama Fire Sprinkler Association and has been actively involved found to be 0.0375. Finally, the friction loss through the section of pipe can be calculated. ! neering handbooks. The Reynolds numbers for water-based protection systems will đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122; section 0.0375. Finally, the friction loss through of! pipe can be fire as one of its board members since 2007. Moore is also a member of (0.0375)(100 đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;)(62.4the )(30 đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;) đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;of the Moody Diagram. st always calculated. fall into the turbulent flow zone However, AFSA, NFPA, and some SFPE. alcohol đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = 0.000216 = 1.2 đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? If it is assumed that the pipe would have a C-factor 0.015ofđ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;.100 this would equate to an đ?&#x153;&#x20AC;đ?&#x153;&#x20AC; = đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;â&#x201E;&#x17D;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A;đ?&#x2018;&#x203A; = as shown below. = 0.0073 0.015. So the relativeđ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026;đ?&#x2018;&#x2026; roughness can be calculated

(2.067 đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;. )! !

đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122;đ?&#x2018;&#x2122; ! ant foam concentrates (AR-AFFF) may fall into laminar flow zone due to their high (0.0375)(100 đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;)(62.4 )(30 đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;đ?&#x2018;&#x201D;)the đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C;đ?&#x2018;&#x201C; đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = 0.000216 = 1.2 đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? ! sities. The main characteristic of the different flow zones is that the friction factor for the (2.067 đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;đ?&#x2018;&#x2013;. ) While the final step may be easy, the overall calculation can be cumbersome and is not urbulent zone is fairly consistent whereas the transitional zone sees a goodly amount of for the faint of heart. It should not be assumed that, because of the more detailed process required to perform the Darcy-Weisbach calculation that it is any more accurate than the Hazenge and the laminar zone extensive amount ofcumbersome change the flow or pipe size While the final stepan may be easy, the overall can andseasonal iswhenever not Williams equation for calculations involving water. calculation In fact, there arebevariables such as for the faint of heart. It should not be assumed that, because of the more detailed in temperature, assumption of the pipe roughness, or error introduced by process manually ges across a changes piping network. required to perform the Darcy-Weisbach that it is any more accurate than the interpolating the Moody diagram that cancalculation affect the accuracy of results. Nevertheless, theHazenWilliams equationmethod for calculations involving water. In fact, there are losses variables such as Darcy-Weisbach is essential for properly calculating friction in piping forseasonal viscous changes temperature, assumption of the pipe roughness, or its error introduced manually fluids. Aintrustworthy hydraulic calculation program is worth weight in goldby when this interpolating the Moody diagram that can affect the accuracy of results. Nevertheless, the becomes necessary. Darcy-Weisbach method is essential for properly calculating friction losses in piping for viscous fluids. A trustworthy hydraulic calculation program is worth its weight in gold when this becomes necessary.

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When is Loading Detrimental to Sprinkler Performance? A Look Into Loading’s Effect on Sprinkler Thermal Sensitivity GRANT LOBDELL | Dyne Technologies, LLC

The 2017 edition of the NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, section 5.2.1.1.1 states that any sprinkler that shows signs of “loading detrimental to sprinkler performance” during the annual floor level inspection shall be replaced. According to NFPA 25 Annex A.5.2.1.1.1, “In lieu of replacing sprinklers that are loaded with a coating of dust, it is permitted to clean sprinklers with compressed air or a vacuum provided the equipment does not touch the sprinkler.”

Figure 1 shows an example of a previously installed sprinkler with loading. Is that loading detrimental to the sprinkler’s performance? Should the head be replaced or cleaned? The concern with loading is that it could insulate the thermal element, thus reducing the heat transferring to it and affecting release time. Using a plunge oven test method similar to those described in Underwriters Laboratories Standard 199, Automatic Sprinklers for Fire-Protection Service, and Factory Mutual 2000 Approval, Standard for Automatic Control Mode Sprinklers for

Figure 1: Sprinkler head with loading.

Fire Protection, Dyne Technologies, LLC measured the response times of various sprinklers with different amounts of loading to help give an idea of how sprinkler thermal sensitivity is affected and when performance is no longer acceptable. Test Conditions and Results The sprinklers were attached to a plate and connected to an air pressure of 5 pounds per square inch (PSI) and were “plunged” into an oven with an air flow velocity of 2.5 meters/second (8.2 ft/second). The time was measured from when the sprinkler was plunged into the oven to when the pressure on the sprinkler dropped. Each condition in the study was run four times and the results were averaged. Table 1 on page 23 shows the response times of the various sprinklers used. The sprinklers used for the study were chosen based on availability but frequency of industry use was also considered. In this study, thermal sensitivity was analyzed by comparing the response time index (RTI) for each sprinkler.

22 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

types include but are not limited to dust, lint, hair, grease, paint, and corrosion. Paint and corrosion are specifically called out in NFPA 25 separately and have different requirements than the other types of loading.

(Response Time) * (√Oven Air Velocity)

RTI = – In [1 –

[

]

(Temp Rating of Sprinkler – Ambient Temp) ] (Temp of Test Oven – Ambient Temp)

Equation 1. RTI calculation where time is in seconds, temperature is in °C, and velocity is in m/s. 155°F Q Glass Bulb

165°F SR Fusible Link

165°F SR Pellet

200°F SR Glass Bulb

Response Time 1 (s)

12.5

43.7

45.0

35.8

Response Time 2 (s)

14.2

40.6

48.8

35.8

Response Time 3 (s)

13.4

41.3

45.5

31.7

Response Time 4 (s)

12.9

42.4

47.8

34.2

Average Response Time (s)

13.3

46.8

34.8

Table 1: Response times of the sprinklers clear of any signs of loading that were used in the study.

Average RTI [(m·s)1/2]

155°F QR Glass Bulb

165°F SR Fusible Link

165°F SR Pellet

200°F SR Glass Bulb

105

117

Table 2: RTI of the sprinklers clear of any signs of loading that were used in the study.

Very Light Loading

Light Loading

Heavy Loading

Very Heavy Loading

Response Time 1 (s)

17.4

18.2

29.1

32.0

Response Time 2 (s)

14.0

15.0

23.9

46.6

Response Time 3 (s)

12.6

16.8

18.1

32.2

Response Time 4 (s)

12.7

16.8

28.0

132.0

Average Response Time (s)

14.2

16.7

24.8

60.7

178

Average RTI [(m·s)1/2]

Table 3: Release time and corresponding RTI of the QR sprinkler with varying amounts of loading.

The RTI of a sprinkler can be defined using an equation like Equation 1 on page 23. As defined in the 2016 edition NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, section 3.6.4.8, a quick response (QR) sprinkler is defined as having a response time index (RTI) of less than 50 (meters·second)1/2 while a standard response (SR) sprinkler is defined as having a response time between 80 (meters·second)1/2 and 350 (meters·second)1/2. Based on the response time results, an RTI baseline was established for each sprinkler without loading. (See Table 2.)

The first half of the study tested QR sprinklers of the same make and model under the following conditions – 1) no loading, 2) very light loading, 3) light loading, 4) heavy loading and 5) very heavy loading. This was done to see how various amounts of loading impact the sprinkler’s RTI. Figure 2 shows the varying degrees of loading used in the study. Note that the loading for the study was made up of dust, lint and hair and was not quantified. The amount of loading and classification of light or heavy is subjective. Coverage, amount, and type can all play a role in affecting the response time. Example

Table 3 shows the release times and corresponding RTI of the QR sprinkler under the various loading conditions. Remember that the RTI of the sprinkler clear of loading was 39 (m·s)1/2 and that the requirement for a sprinkler to be labeled as QR is that it must have an RTI under 50 (m·s)1/2. The second half of the study involved different types of SR sprinklers with only light loading to see if different thermal elements are affected by loading differently. The results can be seen in Table 4 on page 24. Light loading was chosen for this part of the study as it could be the amount of loading where inspectors begin to question sprinkler performance. Conclusion While the overall loading study only researched a few types of sprinklers and amounts of loading, the results obtained still give some insight on how much loading is detrimental to a sprinkler’s performance. The results of the first half of the study show that, on average, very light loading and light loading did not increase the response time to the point that this sprinkler would no longer meet the definition of a QR sprinkler. However, heavy loading and very heaving loading did increase the response time enough to push it past the maximum allowed RTI of 50 (m·s)1/2. Table 5 on page 24 shows a comparison of RTI as well as the average RTI percent increase caused by the subjective varying degrees of loading. The results of the second half of the study showed that the RTI for various SR

Figure 2. The varying degrees of loading used for the study. From left to right: no loading, very light loading, light loading, heavy loading and very heavy loading. Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 23

Lightly Loaded Fusible Link 165°F SR

Lightly Loaded Pellet 165°F SR

Lightly Loaded Glass Bulb 200°F SR

Response Time 1 (s)

50.0

59.8

54.0

Response Time 2 (s)

61.6

55.7

37.7

Response Time 3 (s)

51.0

67.2

46.0

Response Time 4 (s)

61.7

70.3

56.9

Average Response Time (s)

56.1

63.3

48.7

RTI [(m·s) ]

140

158

138

1/2

Table 4: Release times for a variety of thermal elements of SR sprinklers with light loading. No Loading

Very Light Loading

Light Loading

Heavy Loading

Very Heavy Loading

RTI [(m•s)1/2]

178

Maximum allowe RTI [(m·s)1/2]

356

Average RTI Percent Increase (%)

Table 5: RTI and average RTI percent increase caused by the varying degrees of loading. Lightly Loaded 165°F SR Fusible Link

Lightly Loaded 165°F SR Pellet

Lightly Loaded 200°F SR Glass Bulb

Average RTI Percent Increase (%)

Table 6: Average RTI percent increase caused by light loading for various thermal elements.

thermal elements were all similarly impacted by light loading. Table 6 on page 24 shows a comparison of the average RTI percent increase caused by light loading on

the various SR thermal elements. However, remember that SR sprinklers have a large allowed RTI range (80-350 (m·s) 1/2) compared to QR sprinklers (<50 (m·s) 1/2).

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Therefore, if the RTI of an SR sprinkler clear of loading is on the lower end of the allowed range, which is fairly typical, a considerable amount of loading may be needed before the sprinkler no longer meets the definition of an SR sprinkler. So while thermal element types show similar impacts from loading, response type does play a role on whether the loading is considered detrimental or not. More research could be done to investigate the variables of this study further. Any amount of loading can have some impact on the thermal sensitivity of a sprinkler. Even light loading can push the sprinkler’s RTI value near the allowed maximum as seen with the QR sprinkler. The question as to whether loading “is detrimental to the sprinkler performance” still depends on the sprinkler’s response type and RTI when clear of loading as well as the coverage, amount, and type of loading. The sprinkler shown in Figure 1 had an RTI of 35 (m·s) 1/2 which was well below the maximum allowed RTI of 50 (m·s)1/2 despite the loading. This confirms the need for NFPA 25’s language about replacement being needed only when the loading is detrimental to performance which can reduce unnecessary replacement costs. Since determining a sprinkler’s RTI cannot be done visually and this call is expected to be made during annual floor level inspections, if the subjective call about loading cannot be comfortably made it is suggested the loading be treated as detrimental. When it comes to fire safety, don’t take the risk. Get loaded sprinklers cleaned, tested, or replaced according to NFPA 25. n ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Grant Lobdell is the lab manager at Dyne Technologies, LLC – an ISO-certified testing laboratory providing independent analysis of fire sprinklers, firefighting foam, and antifreeze solutions to help ensure the performance of water-based fire protection systems. The easier the maintenance of fire protection systems is, the more likely it will be done to ensure fire safety. Lobdell can be reached at 800-632-2304 or grant@ dyneusa.com.

Betting on Your Business How to Reduce Risk RANDY STUTZMAN | FMI

As we gather for the AFSA convention in Las Vegas, I am reminded of a conversation I had with a client several years ago. He stated that he used to enjoy going to Las Vegas to gamble, but since entering the contracting business he doesn’t enjoy it like he did. His reasoning was that he gambles every day in his business and doesn’t need to create any more opportunities. In many respects, he is correct. Think about the ways we gamble (i.e., take risks) in our businesses. Every time we turn in a bid, have a truck on the road, have crews on a job or bill a customer, we take risks. Fortunately, there are ways we can greatly reduce these risks. Here are a few that I have observed over the years. To clarify, let’s think about it in the following buckets: • Organization • Finance • Marketing • Project Control • Planning Organization • Have a logical incentive-based compensation plan – One of the major trends of the past 10 years is paying average market salaries but adding additional pay for performance. Plans have to be well thought out and consistently followed to be successful. • Have tenured, proven field superintendents – Simply put, field superintendents have more impact on field profitability than any other group. Make sure you hire, train and retain the best. • Promote superintendents from within • “Glorify” the field – We get paid to put work in place, and this only

happens in the field. Everything else we do is a support function to the field. Remind the whole organization of this fact on a regular basis. • Have one person clearly in charge – Construction is not a democracy. Make sure you have the right person leading your organization. As they say, fish rots from the head down. Finance • Have adequate capital/cash to withstand bad luck – I have never had a client regret having a strong balance sheet in hard times. This is a cyclical business and lean times will return at some point, be ready for them. • Manage overhead on a “need-tohave” basis – During good times we all have a tendency to increase overhead. Remember that the good times don’t last and manage overhead costs aggressively. • Have a detailed monthly operating budget and cash flow projection for next 12 months – Good contractors manage their cash and budget for profits. Make sure your division managers are involved in creating the budgets for their profit centers. • Have an above-average track record of profits – Our founder, Doc Fails, used to always say that profit is not a dirty word. The profits of best-ofclass fire protection contractors always exceed the average by a factor of at least four to five times. Marketing • Have superior estimating skills and systems – Quite simply, know your costs, account for overhead in a rational way and add a fair profit. You can’t do that without outstand-

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ing estimators and estimating systems. • Focus strategy on profit, not volume – The old saying that “volume kills and profit thrills” comes to mind. • Take care of customers at all costs – I read recently that according to a recent study, it costs about seven times as much to acquire a customer as to lose an existing one. I don’t know how accurate this is in our industry, but I do know that profitable firms do a great deal of repeat work with customers. Make sure that everyone in your organization understands the importance of taking care of them. • Do not accept contracts with questionable terms or with questionable owners – Words have meaning and accepting unreasonable contract terms increases your risk unnecessarily.

Conclusion We began this discussion by stating that there is plenty of risk in our business. I have listed a few thoughts that can reduce the inherent business risks we all face. My suggestion is to pick out a few that apply to your situation and work on them. The people that depend on your business will be grateful. n

Project Control • Focus daily on improving productivity – Improving productivity Randal G. Stutzman always comes down to controlling Director ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Randy Stutzman is a field labor costs. Make it a priority. Randy Stutzman is a director at FMI, management managing consultants to the construction industry. Asdirector a specialist of We have yet to see a fire protection in corporate mergers, acquisitions, and strategy FMI Capital Advisors, development, contractors throughout the contractor who hasn’t been able to Randy helps Inc., plans FMIthatCorporation’s country develop and implement are uniquely tailored needs. This involves helping cut field labor costs by at least 10to meet individual Investment Bankclients acquire additional businesses, sell existing ing subsidiary. As a percent by focusing on a few business simple units, or ensure that profitable organic growth specialist into corporate is achieved. In any case, the goal is always maximize strategies. shareholders’ value. mergers, acquisitions, Randy grew construction and • Do not have major fluctuations in up in a family-owned and strategy developdevelopment business. In 1978, he joined FMI and ment, Randy helps working with contractor clients to help them margins for work in progress began – Ask better manage their businesses. In addition tothroughout his contractors the country develop any professional in the bonding responsibilities as a consultant to individual contractors, and implement plans that are uniquely Randy is responsible for FMI’s merger and acquisition Randal G. Stutzman industry what they fear and focus tailored meet individual needs, including services for several industry segments.to As an instructor FMI Corporation for FMI seminars, Randy teaches and additional publishes subjects business, 5301 Cypress acquire sellSt.existing on the most, and they will tell you related to mergers and acquisitions in the construction 201 business or ensureSuite that profitable orindustry, field productivity improvement,units pricing and Tampa, FL 33607 that it is when profit marginsbidding start strategies, financial management for contractors, ganic growth is achieved. He is a graduate field management training, integration of consolidated 813.636.1364 to fade at 75 percent of project of Indiana University of Tel: Pennsylvania, holdcompanies, and a number of other topics. Fax: 813.636.9601 ing a Master of Business Administration. E-mail: rstutzman@fminet.com completion. This is a sure indicaRandy is a graduate of Indiana University of Web sites: www.fminet.com | www.fmisource.com tion that cost controls are notPennsylvania, in holding a master of business administration. He received a bachelor’s degree in business management from David Lipscomb University. place and project managers do not know the status of their projects. Make sure your project managers understand their costs to complete at every state of a job. Planning • Do not have multiple shareholders without a shareholder’s agreement – Quite simply, a strong buy-sell agreement is essential to avoid real shareholder problems. Make sure the agreement contains a defined method to value company stock.

26 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

• Do not put children into management positions if they are not qualified or interested – Putting children in positions in the family business for which they are not qualified nor have an interest in is unfair to everyone including you. • Do not put anyone into ownership positions unless they are actively involved in management – Construction businesses should be owned and managed by those in the business. When doing estate planning, there are other ways to be fair to children not involved in the business that doesn’t involve stock ownership.

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Omitting Flow From Sprinklers in the Design Area Identifying Acceptable Small Compartments KENNETH E. ISMAN, PE | University of Maryland

One of the key aspects of designing a sprinkler system is making sure that the water supply can handle all of the sprinklers that are likely to open in a fire. There are at least three different ways to predict the number of sprinklers likely to open conservatively: using a specific number of sprinklers (as with ESFR, CMSA and residential sprinklers), assuming all of the sprinklers in the room will open (with the room design method), and selecting all of the sprinklers within a specific area (as with the density/area method). This article will focus on a

specific aspect of the density/area method of hydraulic calculation and explain the one circumstance where you are permitted to drop the flow from a sprinkler out of your calculations, even when the sprinkler falls within the design area. The specific section that we are dealing with is 23.4.4.7.2 in the 2016 edition of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, (similar sections appear in previous editions). The section specifically reads, “Where the design area is equal to or greater than the area in Table 23.4.4.7.2 for the hazard being protected by the sprinkler system, the discharge for sprinklers protecting small compartments 55 ft2 (5.1 m2) or less, such as closets, washrooms, and similar compartments that are in the design area, shall be permitted to be omitted from the hydraulic calculations.” This is certainly a mouthful. To fully understand the section, let’s break it down into smaller pieces and examine each piece closely. The first 24 words of the section deal with establishing the minimum size that the area needs to be in order to qualify for omitting the flow from certain sprinklers. A table is referenced with minimum size design areas for light, ordinary and extra hazard occupancies. These design areas correspond to the use of spray sprinklers without any decreases in design areas. So, if you were protecting a light hazard occupancy with a wet pipe sprinkler systems using quick response sprinklers and decreasing your design area below 1,500 ft2, then you would not be permitted to use this section and you would need to

28 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

include the flow from all of the sprinklers in the design area. Likewise, if you were protecting an extra hazard occupancy with a wet pipe system using high temperature sprinklers and dropping your design area below 2,500 ft2, then you would also not be able to use this section and you would need to flow water from all of the sprinklers in the design area. Questions are frequently asked about why storage occupancies have been left out of the table. The answer is that the omission is intentional. The NFPA Sprinkler System Discharge Criteria Committee did not want people omitting the flow from sprinklers in storage occupancies. So, this section can only be used with light, ordinary and extra hazard situations. The next part of the section talks about “the discharge for sprinklers protecting small compartments.” It is important to note that it is not the intent to use the “Small Room” definition of section 3.3.22 in this case. Even though the word “small” is used in section 23.4.4.7.2, there is no reason to apply the small room rule. The NFPA Committee has intentionally chosen the language “small compartments” to be different from “small rooms” so that the user does not connect these sections. Yet, so many people believe that there is a connection between these concepts, so it is important to spend a few words in this article making sure that people understand that the two ideas are independent. In the next part of section 23.4.4.7.2, the concept of a small compartment is limited to 55 ft2 or less. This is a new

portion of the section, having been added in the 2016 edition. In previous editions, there was no specific size limitation in order to use this section, so sprinkler designers and Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) would frequently get into arguments about how “small” a compartment needed to be in order to use this section. For the 2016 edition, the NFPA Committee was asked to quantify how small a compartment needed to be. After considering “protected by a single sprinkler,” the Committee chose the more conservative 55 ft2, because a single sprinkler can protect up to 400 ft2 and the intent of this section is to only have it apply to much smaller spaces. The specific number of 55 ft2 was chosen as a limit to correspond to two other places in NFPA 13 where the user is allowed to apply special rules: omitting sprinklers from dwelling unit bathrooms (8.15.8.1.1) and omitting sprinklers from small concealed spaces over small rooms (8.15.1.2.9). While there is nothing special about the number 55 ft2, there was no reason to create a new arbitrary size for a special rule in a small compartment when there were already two rules at an already established arbitrary size. Following the actual size limitation in this section are several examples of the kinds of compartments to which this section can be applied. These include, “bathrooms, closets, and similar compartments that are in the design area.” What does the NFPA Committee mean when it uses language like “similar compartments?” The answer in this case is that the compartment not only needs to be 55 ft2 or less, but it also needs to be ancillary to the main use of the occupancy. Bathrooms and closets are examples of compartments that are not the main use of the building, but are there to support spaces used for some other main purpose. For example, in a business occupancy, the flow from a sprinkler in a small office, even if it was under 55 ft2, would be required to be included in the design area. This last concept is important because there is no limit to the

Figure 1.

number of times that this section can be applied in the same design area. If there are multiple closets and bathrooms that are all 55 ft2 or less in area in the same design area, the flow from all of the sprinklers in all of these bathrooms can be omitted. In a business occupancy with lots of small offices, the NFPA Committee did not want the flow from the sprinklers in all of the offices to be omitted. If that happened, you might end up with a design area having no flow. Instead, the NFPA Committee wanted the use of this section to be limited to ancillary spaces that were not a part of the main use of the building. Finally, this section wraps up with the payoff clause, which allows the flow to be omitted from the hydraulic calculations. What is important about the way that this section is written is that the flow is specifically omitted from the calculations, but the area is not. In other words, even though you don’t count the flow from the sprinkler in the bathroom or the closet while doing the calculations, you don’t take out the area of the compartment. The area still counts as satisfying the 1,500 ft2 (or whatever area you need to meet Table 23.4.4.7.2). Consider the portion of the office building shown in Figure 1 (where the doors have not been shown to simplify the drawing). The remote corner of

the building has a few offices, a conference room, a few bathrooms and closets, a corridor and some open space for cubicles on the other side of the corridor. There are 19 sprinklers in the design area, which comprises a total of 1500 ft2. Assuming the building is protected with a wet pipe sprinkler system as a light hazard occupancy, it would require quick response sprinklers. But perhaps because it has unsprinklered ceiling pockets, the design area has been selected to be 1500 ft2. Under normal conditions, the flow from all 19 sprinklers shown in the shaded area of Figure 1 would need to be calculated. But in this case, section 23.4.4.7.2 allows the user to omit the flows from sprinklers 7, 8, 10, and 11 in the hydraulic calculations. Note that the flow from sprinkler 6 needs to be included in the calculations because this is an assistant’s office space and not an ancillary space like a bathroom or closet. Even though the flows from sprinklers 7, 8, 10 and 11 are not included in the hydraulic calculations, the area of these rooms is still counted when trying to cover 1500 ft2. The actual area covered by sprinklers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 comes to about 1475 ft2, but it still counts as covering 1500 ft2 because the area covered by sprinklers 7, 8, 10 and 11 are within the overall space protected by sprinklers. Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 29

The justification for this position is that the walls of the compartments in the small spaces, while not required to have any specific fire resistance rating, will delay or prevent the sprinklers from opening in these small spaces early in the fire scenario. With so many sprinklers calculated to size the water supply (15 in a light hazard occupancy) and so many compartment walls in the design area, the probability that any single fire will open all of these sprinklers is so small that it is reasonable to allow the

flow from sprinklers 7, 8, 10, and 11 to be omitted from the calculations. Considering that an overwhelming majority of fires are controlled by four or fewer sprinklers in light hazard occupancies protected by wet pipe systems, a design that accounts for 14 sprinklers has plenty of safety factors built in and does not need to be increased to 19 just to prove that 1500 ft2 of floor space is covered. When the quick response reduction is used for the design area, the number

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30 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

of sprinklers that can be in the design area gets as low as five. In this case, the massive safety factors no longer apply, which is why the omission of the flow from sprinklers in small bathrooms and closets is not allowed to be applied when the quick response reduction is taken for the design area. Although the discharge for these rooms is excluded from the calculation, they are still protected. As required by section 24.4.4.7.2.1, the individual sprinkler in each of these small compartments must be capable of discharging the density required for the hazard presented by the compartment. Hydraulically speaking, this will be easy to show since for a 55 ft2 room, the density will likely exceed that required for an Extra Hazard Group 2 classification. Its main value is that it confirms that the fuel load is not restricted to a light hazard occupancy. Although it can be argued that the stated examples correlate with a light hazard occupancy based on washrooms, closets can contain significant fuel loads. As already stated (see Figure 1 on page 29), these small compartments are meant to be ancillary to the main use of that portion of the building. n ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Since the fall of 2014, Kenneth E. Isman, P.E. has been a clinical professor in the fire protection engineering department at the University of Maryland. Prior to that, he worked for 28 years in the fire sprinkler industry. He has served as a representative on 19 different NFPA committees including one or more of the committees responsible for NFPA 13 or its predecessor storage protection standards since 1988. A noted author, Isman has written several books and contributed numerous chapters to NFPA and SFPE handbooks. His latest book, Standpipe Systems for Fire Protection, is available through Springer Publications. EDITOR’S NOTE: It should be noted that the above is the author’s opinion as a member of the NFPA Committee on Sprinkler System Discharge Criteria. It has not been processed as a formal interpretation in accordance with the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects and should therefore not be considered, nor relied upon, as the official position of the NFPA or its committees.

Quality Contractor Recognition Awarded AFSA Recognizes American Fire Protection Group, Inc. American Fire Protection Group, Inc., a Minnesota-based company with offices located throughout the southern part of the U.S., has been awarded the American Fire Sprinkler Association’s (AFSA) Quality Contractor recognition. This program recognizes fire protection companies that exhibit the highest commitment to corporate responsibility and standards. American Fire Protection Group President and CEO, Mike Gengler is very pleased at the recognition. “Being designated as a Quality Contractor through the American Fire Sprinkler Association is a great testimony to the impact of AFPG’s sustained efforts to uphold our corporate values: Safety and Risk Management First, Caring and Enduring Relationships with Others, Honesty and Integrity, Excellence on All Levels and Fulfilling Work. We take great pride in the work we do at AFPG and will continue to focus on our mission: To be the leading solutions provider within the life safety industry – always bringing our finest effort, exceptional ideas and incomparable character to every project.” The Quality Contractor (QC) program publicly recognizes and honors fire sprinkler contracting firms that have documented their commitment in four key areas of corporate responsibility: safety, training, quality of life (employee benefits), and industry and community relations. “Congratulations to Mike Gengler and all of the employees of American Fire Protection Group, Inc. for putting in the time and effort to receive Quality Contractor Recognition,” says AFSA’s Director of Member Services Bradley 32 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Elliott. “They have shown that they meet the highest industry standards as verified by AFSA.” AFSA’s QC recognition program is similar to programs developed by other industry trade groups that reward their members who pursue a higher level of professionalism and is not an accreditation or certification program. AFSA is pleased to recognize American Fire Protection Group, Inc. as the newest QC designee. AFSA is a non-profit association representing fire sprinkler contractors. The association is dedicated to the educational advancement of its members and promotion of the use of automatic fire sprinkler systems. AFSA was organized in 1981 to provide the merit shop fire sprinkler contractor with training, consulting, communication, representation and many more services, all of which have expanded over its existence. Membership is open to contractors, manufacturers, suppliers, designers and authorities having jurisdiction. Currently, AFSA represents companies and individuals across the United States and throughout the world. To find your local AFSA chapter or to learn more, visit firesprinkler.org. n EDITOR’S NOTE: AFSA Quality Contractor recognition does not mean that the business’ products or services have been evaluated or endorsed by AFSA, or that AFSA has made a determination as to the business’ product quality or competency in performing services. Businesses are under no obligation to seek AFSA recognition.

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Erb Wins Waller Scholarship CLSE and AFSA Award $4,000 to OSU Student CHARLOTTE JOHNSON | American Fire Sprinkler Association

Each year, the Center for Life Safety Education (CLSE) and the American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) come together to award the Thomas S. Waller Memorial Scholarship to one junior or senior enrolled in the Fire Protection and Safety Technology program at Oklahoma State University (OSU). The Thomas S. Waller Memorial Scholarship is $4,000 in scholarship funds, paid directly to the OSU student’s account. The winner for the 2017-2018 academic year is Aaron Erb, a senior studying fire protection safety technology. Erb has a passion for protecting people, which is evident in his choice to be a fire protection engineer, and also in his military career. Erb is currently an operations manager in the Tulsa Air National Guard. He was a technical school Honor Graduate in the Operations Management career field at Shepard Air Force Base in 2014, and a top performer at the 145th RTS Deployment for Training in North Carolina in 2015. “I am studying Fire Protection Safety Technology here at Oklahoma State University because I truly want to make a difference in life, by protecting people and assets from danger or harm,” says Erb. “Learning about fire disasters and hearing stories of unsafe workplaces, where people have lost their lives over things that could have been prevented, motivates me to be the change and to add everything I can to this industry.” Erb has spent much of his young life giving back to his community. He has been a mentor to younger students through the ELEVATE program, he has volunteered as a physical education and wellness instructor at his local YMCA, and he has put his engineering skills to good use constructing shelters for rescue dogs. He also embarked on a humanitarian mission to Latvia where he helped to insulate a school in a rural community so that children could attend classes in the winter. “It was a rewarding experience,” says Erb, recalling the mission. “I was able to experience some of their culture, learn some of the language, communicate with the children, play soccer with them and leave a lasting impression to the Latvians of America’s kindness in the world.” Professor Qingsheng Wang, PhD, PE, CSP, a Dale F. Janes Endowed Professor and Associate Professor and Program Director of Fire Protection and Safety Engineering Technology at OSU, has nothing but the highest of praise for Erb. “Aaron has a good academic record and an intense interest in the fire protection and safety engineering fields,” says Wang. “He is also very active in student affairs, departmental 34 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Dr. Sam Wang (right) presents the 2017 Thomas S. Waller Memorial Scholarship to Aaron Erb.

activities, and volunteering in the community. He was in the top 10 percent in my class out of over 500 students. I have found him to be responsible and more interested in what he can learn rather than looking for a way to do the minimum required or even just pursuing a grade.” Erb was thrilled to learn that he had been awarded the Waller scholarship. “Winning this scholarship really means a lot to me,” he says. “Having paid for my education on my own dime since I was a freshman, being in my senior year the classes are harder, the nights are longer, and it’s difficult to earn money for expenses with that kind of schedule. This scholarship will allow me to focus more time on my classes and learning about fire protection, and will allow me to be more involved with clubs and on campus organizations.” The Thomas S. Waller Memorial Scholarship was established in 2006 to honor the man who devoted more than 40 years to the fire protection industry. It has provided nearly $40,000 to OSU FPST students. The scholarship is presented to juniors or seniors enrolled in the FPST program in the College of Engineering, Architecture & Technology at OSU, which is the oldest fire/safety-related program in North America and is the nation’s only ABET-accredited FPST program. As CLSE is a 501(c)(3) educational affiliate of AFSA, all contributions made to this scholarship fund is tax-deductible. To make a onetime donation or become a regular donor, visit clse.org/ scholarships. n

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Meet the Finalists! Seven Vie to Win National Apprentice Competition REBECCA HERRING | American Fire Sprinkler Association

Every year the American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) sponsors a National Apprentice Competition. This competition allows apprentices representing member companies from across the country to compete in two phases of testing, written and hands-on, for the chance at national recognition and cash prizes. The first National Apprentice Competition took place in 1994 at the 13th annual AFSA Convention & Exhibition to promote apprentice training and to give recognition to apprentices actively enrolled in the AFSA apprenticeship program. Over 20 years after its inception, the competition continues to bring together fire sprinkler apprentices from local AFSA chapters and member training programs from all across the United States in the Association’s showcase of excellence in training among future industry leaders. Eligibility for apprentices to compete is based the following criteria: their employer must be a member of AFSA in good standing, the apprentice must actively be participating in the AFSA apprenticeship courses or enrolled in the NCCER/AFSA Fire Sprinkler Fitting Training Series, and they must have at least one year of field experience with a minimum of six months combined hands-on experience in cutting, threading, and installing steel and CPVC pipe. The first phase of competition consists of a two-hour multiple-choice, written exam provided by the AFSA. The exam is administered at predetermined locations around the country. The scores from the test are then tallied, and seven top-scoring apprentice finalists are declared. 36 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

The top-seven-scoring apprentices in Phase I receive the following: • a full registration to AFSA36 as well as a second full registration Allen for their employer; • an expense-paid trip to Las Vegas, Nevada to compete; • accommodations at the Bellagio; and • a brand new set of hand tools to use in Phase II. Phase II entails a more thorough written exam, followed by a live practical in the exhibition hall at AFSA36 in Las Vegas. The Phase II exam is based on all four levels of the AFSA/NCCER Contren Learning Series Sprinkler Fitting curriculum. Following the written exam is the live practical where finalists cut, thread, and install a steel and CPVC piping system with sprinkler heads, and perform a water pressure test. The mini fire sprinkler systems created are graded on accuracy, craftsmanship and safety. The combined results of the Phase II written and hands-on tests determine the year’s winner. Prizes are awarded based on finishing rank: first place takes home a $5,000 cash prize, second place receives $3,000, third place receives $2,000, and all other finalists receive $1,000. This year the nation’s top seven apprentices will make their way to Las Vegas to try their luck at becoming the next AFSA National Apprentice Competition champion. Meet the finalists and learn about their experience in the fire sprinkler industry before this year’s competition with Sprinkler Age’s Q&A.

Broecker

Cowger

Joshua Allen J.G. Tate Fire Protection Systems, Poway, CA Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? It was an opportunity that came about when I decided to move on from my previous job. What is the key ingredient to your success? The setup, the preparation to create your way. If you set yourself up for success the greater your chances will be. Timo Broecker Industrial Fire Sprinkler, San Diego, CA Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? I married into a fire protection family. I was offered a job in fabrication shortly after, so I guess you could say the career chose me. Once I started, I never looked back. What advice would you give to someone thinking about entering the fire protection trade? Be prepared to pay attention at all times; try to always learn more about what you are doing. The stuff we put in the air might save lives. John Cowger Rapid Fire Protection, Denver, CO Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? I chose a career in fire

protection to have a job that allowed me to be home every night. My wife had back surgery and I needed to be there to take care of her. Fire protection sounded like it would be fun, so I spoke with Rapid Fire and it has worked out pretty well. What is the key ingredient to your success? I feel my success has been a combination of studying, being able to get the right answers, and help from the right people. Jonathan Henderson Eagle Automatic Fire Sprinkler, Houston, TX Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? I chose fire protection because it is what I know and what I’m good at, but I like to think it chose me. My great-grandfather, my grandfather, and now my parents all owned businesses in the industry and I draw a lot of pride from that. What do you enjoy most about the work that you do? I’ve always enjoyed taking things apart to figure out how they work and then putting them back together. I like building something and standing back at the end of an exhausting day to admire the progress I’ve made.

Henderson

McCollister

What advice would you give someone thinking about entering the fire protection trade? Set goals, make a commitment to your own success, and stay ahead of the curve. Gregory Schneider American Fire Protection Group, Tulsa, OK Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? I chose to pursue a career in fire protection to ensure the safety of people. By installing fire sprinkler systems, I know that my work may one day save somebody’s life. What advice would you give to someone thinking about entering the fire

Mills

Schneider

protection trade? Work smarter, not harder. The better you know code, the more it can help you succeed as a fire sprinkler fitter. Who Will Win? Who do you think will emerge as the best of the best at AFSA’s 2017 National Apprentice Competition? Watch the competition live at AFSA36 on September 27, 2017 from 12:30 p.m. to 3:30 p.m. in the exhibition hall. The winner will be announced at the Rat Pack Awards Party beginning at 7:00 p.m. AFSA wishes all of our amazing finalists good luck in the competition! Visit firesprinkler.org for more information. n

Chance McCollister Fire Tech Systems, Shreveport, LA Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? I wanted a stable job with room for advancement. Also, I wanted a career and a job skill to call my own. What do you enjoy most about the work you do? Besides the fact that it saves lives, it is a career that makes you feel like you have a purpose. Every day is something new and there is always room for expanding knowledge and gaining experience. It’s not your run-of-the-mill, day-to-day job. Heman Mills American Fire Protection Group, Jackson, TN Why did you choose to pursue a career in fire protection? It is a growing industry with great pay. Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 37

McKee, Huffert Win 2017 DeCamara Scholarships Outstanding FPE Students Earn Academic Assistance Each year, the Center for Life Safety Education (CLSE) and the American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) come together to award the Philip L. DeCamara, Jr. Scholarship, established to honor a man who was dedicated to the fire sprinkler industry. That scholarship awards $7,000 to two exceptional students studying fire protection engineering at the University of Maryland in College Park, DeCamara’s alma mater. For the 2017-2018 academic year, those winners are Katherine McKee and Lindsay Huffert. Katherine McKee, the winner of the first place award of $4,000, is a senior studying fire protection engineering. She went into the field because she wanted to make the world a better and safer place. Originally a mechanical engineering student, she discovered the FPE program in her sophomore year and knew immediately that she wanted to dedicate herself to it. “I am genuinely excited about the field of fire protection engineering,” says McKee. “I wake up every morning looking forward to the opportunity to attend class. I am a firm believer in the idea that if someone loves what they do for work they will never truly work a day in their lives, and I honestly love fire protection engineering.” In addition to her love of learning, McKee is equally passionate about teaching. She has worked as a teaching assistant for several courses in the FPE curriculum and has found that her students excel in their coursework. She is currently working as a Fire Protection Engineering Ambassador, where she mentors underclassmen FPE students and also teaches high school students about fire protection engineering through a design challenge. “I love both positions,” says McKee, “because they allow 38 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Dr. James A. Milke (center) presents winners Lindsay Huffert (left) and Katherine McKee (right) with 2017 Philip L. DeCamara, Jr. scholarships.

me to help younger students and give back to the next generation of fire protection engineers.” This past summer, McKee held an internship with Arup, an engineering and design firm, in its London office, where she worked on a project that she describes as the most rewarding experience of her life. To commemorate the 350th anniversary of the Great Fire of London, McKee went through many rounds of problem solving, modeling and research to create a display of the River Thames that was 393-ft long and 59-ft tall for a burn simulation: a recreation of the Great Fire. McKee was later able to present her work at an engineering conference alongside Dr. James A. Milke, professor and chair at the University of Maryland Department of Fire Protection Engineering. Dr. Milke was one of two professors who nominated McKee for the DeCamara Scholarship. “Ms. McKee brings together a blend of talents to all that she does,” says Dr. Milke. “She applies her academic talents, strong communication skills and high level of dedication to fire protection engineering in her coursework and outreach activities for the department.”

In her spare time, McKee does everything she can to help the department. She speaks at every high school presentation, open house, demonstration and shadowing experience that she can in order to bring talented students into the program. She was recently selected by the Dean of Engineering to represent the University of Maryland at the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) Global Grand Challenge Summit, a prestigious engineering conference between the United States, United Kingdom, and China. McKee is the first woman in her family to go to college for an engineering or STEM degree, and the only fire protection engineer, although she hopes to change that by being a role model for her four younger siblings. “This scholarship will have a tremendous impact on my life and I can’t thank the scholarship committee enough for their generosity,” says McKee. “I feel incredibly honored and I am excited to pay back this generosity by working hard in my final year of the fire protection engineering program.” Lindsay Huffert, a senior fire protection engineering major, was awarded the second place prize of $3,000. Huffert is

head on and performing very well. She is a wonderful influence on a group, both handling a stressful load of work with ease and brightening a room. It is clear she will become a future leader in the fire protection engineering field.” Huffert is very excited to have received the second place prize. “I am extremely passionate about fire protection engineering and am excited to share my passion and drive for the career with you, the Center for Life Safety Education and the American Fire Sprinkler Association,” says Huffert. “Being the recipient of this award has only moti-

vated me further to excel in my studies, and focus on my career goals, especially those pertaining to residential sprinkler systems. I hope to utilize the qualities that you saw in me to furthering my career, and use this opportunity to work towards a future in which I can make an impact on the industry.” The Philip L. DeCamara, Jr. Scholarship was established in 1984. The scholarship is funded through donations by individuals and companies. To find out more about the program or to support the scholarship with your tax-deductible donation, visit CLSE.org/scholarships. n

Phil DeCamara was devoted to the sprinkler industry.

no stranger to hard work, and has always had an interest in saving lives. From 2013 until 2015 she worked as an Emergency Medical Technician for the Rockville Volunteer Fire Department, while also attending school. “I was able to help a lot of people on a weekly basis, and help to save lives,” says Huffert. “It meant a lot to me to know that I was making a difference on every emergency call I ran.” Huffert took that passion for saving lives into her college career. She was first introduced to fire protection engineering during her sophomore year of high school. “I was fascinated by the idea that there was an entire career field dedicated to protecting people and property against the threat of fire,” says Huffert, remembering that day. “After hearing about this field, I wanted to get as immersed as soon as possible.” She worked in the campus labs to learn about the physics and principles behind fires, and then as an engineering intern at the R.E. Ginna nuclear power plant to gain practical experience. She currently works as an undergraduate research assistant in the department’s FireTEC program, which performs consulting and fire testing projects for outside companies.

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“Lindsay showed herself to be an incredibly intelligent, capable and dedicated student,” says Professor Michael J. Gollner, one of Huffert’s instructors and her supervisor at the FireTEC program. “She is very skilled at adapting to different situations and working with groups, facing challenges Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 39

Follow the Bouncing Needle Margin of Safety vs. Safety Factors STEVEN SCANDALIATO, CFPS, SET | SDG, LLC

There I was, working hard spotting and connecting dots with a steady hand and focused eye, when my boss came in and announced, “We are doing a water flow test this weekend and I want you to attend. I want you to learn how to do a flow test.” I was ecstatic. That’s right, I was like a kid at Christmas. I am sure many of you are questioning just what kind of guy gets excited about doing water flow tests, but you must understand, it was going to be my first one. Up until that point in my short eightmonth career, I had heard, read, and seen pictures about them, but never had an opportunity to witness one live let alone participate in one. So, this was a big deal. Also, I learned how to do hydraulic calculations within a few months of starting my dot-spotting career and had been performing calculations for some time but the reality of 500 gpm or 50 psi... well, let’s just say you could have been talking to me about quantum physics and I really would not have known the difference. I was finally going to get to experience a full-blown water-supply test. I remember that Saturday morning like it was yesterday. They had shut down parts of downtown so the street we were conducting the test on would be clear of vehicles and pedestrians. The side streets were lined with city water department trucks along with police cars and fire trucks. I can remember thinking that this was going to be very cool. After a short meeting with those of us who were actively involved, we took our positions at the static and residual hydrants to ready ourselves to flow some water. The anticipation was growing. And, as is the custom, the “new guy” got the assignment of helping on the flow hydrant, destined to get wet for sure. The “all clear” was given and we started opening the hydrant. The sound of the air evacuating the hydrant barrel was much 42 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

like a countdown to something launching in the air. The pitch of the air got higher and higher as the rush of water began to fill the hydrant making its way to the open outlet we had set up to measure from. Finally, water began to spray out, more with each turn of the hydrant wrench. The stream of water shot all the way to the other side of the street. At last I was up to bat and all eyes were on me as I stepped up to the hydrant to perform the pitot reading. Prior to the start, my boss had spent several minutes going over the finer points of doing this test – how to hold the pitot tube, how to find the “sweet” spot, how long we needed to try and hold it for a good reading – yes, he told me everything I needed to know except one thing. He forgot to tell me to “Hold on tight to the pitot tube”! Yep, as you can imagine, no sooner than I reached down to insert the tube into the stream but the tube went flying out of my hand and across the street slamming violently against the curb on the other side. The test was over. Everyone had to go home; the game was over. Steven ruined it for everyone. You could say that was the day that I learned about pressure and flow. We rescheduled the test and just as monumental as the first attempt, the second attempt proved to be even more so because after we performed the test (and yes, he let me try again), my boss punched some numbers on his calculator and announced to me, “That was 1,100 gallons per minute.” It was at that exact moment that my career in fire protection started. Even though I had been performing hydraulic calculations for several months prior, making sure the dot was under the line, all those numbers meant to me were just that – numbers. That day I “saw” 1,100

gallons per minute and I “felt” what 43 psi was and it all made sense to me. The numbers became real. The epiphany came a year or so later when doing a routine flow test near a golf course. It was early in the morning and the golf course lawn sprinklers were all running. The city water system was known for its fluctuations because of the golf courses, and so we all knew that the best time to do a flow test was early in the morning when the city water pumps were on. The conditions for the test were perfect; meaning, I could get myself situated comfortably at the outlet so that I could really do a good job of steadying my arms and hands to get a good reading. But, no matter how steady my hand was, the needle of the gauge was jumping up and down, typical to every flow test I had done up until that point and ever since. It was then that it hit me again. That is my degree of accuracy! Somewhere between 55 psi and 65 psi was the residual pressure of this water system. Here I was struggling over an accuracy of hundredths of a decimal point when the actual gallons per minute and residual pressure where based on a degree of accuracy of plus or minus 5 psi! The reality of “accuracy” was illuminated again the first few times I recalculated as-builts from a couple of projects and realized how quickly my perfect system, based on this bouncing needle was erased by a couple of HVAC ducts and a roof drain! That is when I began to dissect the calculation process and just how close I needed to get that demand dot to that supply line curve (the 1.85 graph). The “degree of accuracy” became the bane of my career for several years after because it translated into a “floating node.” That, and of course the software

that we all were using was reporting to the hundredth of a decimal point which gives the perception that we are dealing with a high degree of accuracy. Now, looking back it seems so silly, but then, it was serious because many of us “actual practitioners” had no clue where numbers like 1,500 ft2 or 0.10 gpm/ft2 or 130 ft2 came from. Most of us were handed a red book and told to get that dot as close to that water supply curve as possible, while others were told to get it as close as 10 percent of the curve and still others told 10 psi of the curve. In other words, we were given a margin of safety to achieve – not one pound under nor one pound over. So, just how close should we be sizing these life safety systems? Don’t go looking in NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. You won’t find it there. It is left up to us, the user. The hundredth of a decimal place? The nearest 10 psi? My answer is: it depends. I say that because many of us now know the numbers we use in the calculation process come with “built-in” safety factors. There are several places we can look to find degrees of accuracy relative to built-in safety factors; for example, the sprinkler K-factors are really an average passed on various amounts of water flow, and the coefficient of friction or C factor is not constant over time even though we treat it that way. For me, however, there are three safety factors that are most significant when considering how close to the curve my dot should be or in other words, safety margin. Area of Operation The first one is the area of operation, otherwise referred to as the remote area. With each hazard level, there is a prescriptive density to be delivered over a specific area (square feet). For instance, light hazard occupancies demand a minimum of 0.10 gpm/ft2 over a minimum area of operation of 1,500 ft2. Let’s bypass the discussion on where 1500 ft2 came from, but rather focus on the equation we use to draw out the 1500 ft2 on our design. As shown in the Annex for Chapter 23.4.4 of NFPA 13, we are instructed to take the 1500 ft2 and multiply it by 1.2. Ever wonder why? You realize that we

are taking a square that is 38.73 ft on all four sides and multiplying one side by 20 percent, which means it’s not going to be a square anymore but rather a rectangle. That rectangle is going to be 20 percent longer on two sides than the other sides. So, again I ask why? If you keep reading we are told that we are to orientate this rectangle with the longer sides, which are now 46.48-ft long, parallel with the branchlines (38.73 x 1.2 = 46.48). We usually assume that a fire is going to grow equally in all directions or circular. However, we orientate the area of operation to simulate the worst way a fire could grow in terms of hydraulics. That is, the worst way a fire could grow and cause the greatest hydraulic demand would be parallel with a branchline. This would cause sprinklers along the line to go off one after the other, creating a very high water demand (gpm) on that single branchline, which in turn creates higher friction loss. This of course means larger pipe sizing. If the fire grows perpendicular to the branchlines opening the last sprinkler on each line then you would only have a single sprinkler flow on each branchline which would create a much smaller friction loss meaning smaller pipe sizing. Now, go ahead and ask… do we know which way a fire is going to grow? No. So, we create the most hydraulically demanding area in which we are going to simulate every sprinkler inside of that boundary (with a few exceptions) flowing at the same time from minute one. Number of Sprinklers Activating This leads us to our second built-in safety factor. Do all the sprinklers inside of the area of operation all go off at the same time from minute one? Answer –no. Of course, there are reported events in which all the sprinklers did go off in the area of operation and, in some cases, even more. But to date, I cannot find any documented event in which they all went off simultaneously at minute one. Which begs the question: why do we calculate them as if they do? Answer – safety factor. Even though the NFPA 13 Committee attempts to address installation issues with every edition it publishes, there will always be those situations that cannot, or will not be addressed. We calculate systems simulating

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Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 43

simultaneous activation for this very reason. We know there are countless issues that arise in the built environment that affect either spacing, location or spray pattern. Trying to address them all would be futile. So, we activate them simultaneously to create a safety factor that, so far, has served us well. We are still reporting statistics that only one to two sprinklers go off in 88 percent of reported activations (wet systems) and 73 percent (dry systems).1 These numbers validate this design requirement and will most likely stay this way until the numbers do not support it. So, remember that as you agonize over 0.5 psi in your calculations. ADD vs DD The third reason our degree of accuracy should not be carrying decimals is because of what the actual pressure and flow is discharging from the sprinkler(s), especially the first few. What I am eluding to is the amount or density of water actually spraying out of these sprinklers. The terms I am referring to are design density versus actual delivered density (DD vs ADD). Remember that the calculation procedure you are performing is a “demand” calculation. This means you are creating a customized pipe schedule that optimizes your system to the most efficient pipe sizing schedule possible while staying under your supply curve. I often explain this by saying you can perform hydraulic calculations without having any water flow data. I do not need to have a supply curve to do hydraulic calculations on my system unless, of course, I want to know if it will work with a given water supply or not. It is then that I need a supply curve to plot my demand point under or over, depending on your pipe sizing. Our demand calculations are creating a minimum condition. Therefore, knowing that the sprinklers are not going off all at the same time, but rather one at a time, we can reason that the actual amount of water discharging from that first sprinkler is going to be much higher than the minimum that we created our demand calculation with. For example, if we set up a calculation that is based on a minimum density of 44 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

0.10 gpm/ft2, we are saying that if all the sprinklers inside of our area of operation go off at the same time, and the water supply is exactly as we have entered it into our calculation program, you remember, the one with the bouncing needle, we should be seeing densities of not less than 0.10 gpm/ft2 from any one of the sprinklers. However, if only one sprinkler activates within this area of operation, then there will be considerably more water at a much higher pressure than our minimum demand condition. We recently had a project that required a performance-based design solution. The minimum design criterion was 0.19 gpm/ft2 over an area of operation of 2,600 ft2. The minimum demand calculation required 25 gpm at 10 psi. We then performed a supply calculation to see what was actually going to be delivered to the sprinkler which came out to be 91 gpm at 128 psi! Using the assigned area of the sprinkler we can approximate the ADD for this first sprinkler to be 0.82 gpm/ft2 which is 332 percent over the minimum DD of 0.19 gpm/ft2. This further proves that decimal places in our calculations are not nearly as important as we perceive them to be. Summary So, how close is too close? 10 percent? 10 psi? We calculate our systems trying to squeeze every dollar we can out of them, hoping they will fit within a few extra 90° ells. We draw a line on graph paper and then are told to stay under it. All the while we have calculations printing out values to the hundredth of a decimal place and a water supply needle bouncing with a range of 10 psi. I will offer my opinion, but one thing is for sure. Whomever is determining what the margin of safety should be (the difference between the demand dot and supply curve) needs to have liability insurance. NFPA 13 intends for that to be the engineer of record (taken from the owner’s certificate that is required to be provided in Chapter 4) which is interpreted as the owner’s representative. In fact, something new to the 2019 edition will be the addition of this specific information added to the owner’s certificate requirements.

Regardless, if the specifications say 10 percent or the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) says 10 psi, or your company has a policy to follow, you should remember that safety margins are influenced by built-in safety factors that should be reached using sound engineering principals including acknowledgement of the actual occupancy or hazards within, not just the name of the project in the title block. I personally like the pressure approach rather than a percentage. Pressure margins are more tangible to me especially when evaluating how close it will fit. Rounding to the nearest psi has served me well for many years, especially when I know what the ADD is; what the other built-in safety factors are; and, of course, how tight I have to hold on to the pitot tube while the needle bounces back and forth! n REFERENCES: 1. Hall, John R., Jr. The Latest NFPA Statistics on Sprinkler Performance, NFPA Journal March/April 2008. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Steven Scandaliato is executive principal at SDG, LLC. He has over 35 years’ experience in fire protection engineering and design covering all types of fire protection and life safety systems. He serves as a principal member of the NFPA 13, 101 and 5000 committees. Scandaliato is published in several periodicals including articles for the NFPA Journal, Fire Marshals Quarterly and ASPE Journal (American Society of Plumbing Engineers). He is also a contributing author to the text published by NFPA/SFPE titled “A Designer’s Guide to Automatic Sprinkler Systems.” Over the last 18 years, Scandaliato has presented seminars to thousands in contracting and professional associations including AFSA, ASPE, the American Institute of Architects, the Society of Fire Protection Engineers, the American Society of Sanitary Engineering and the International Fire Marshals Association. He is a member of AFSA, NFPA, and SFPE. EDITOR’S NOTE: It should be noted that the above is the author’s opinion as a member of the NFPA 13 Installation Criteria Technical Committee. It has not been processed as a formal interpretation in accordance with the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects and should therefore not be considered, nor relied upon, as the official position of the NFPA or its committees.

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Hydraulic Calculations Back to Basics VIRGINIA R. CHARTER, PE | Oklahoma State University

Hydraulic calculations completed by hand are a thing of the past. Computer programs can provide you with pages of information at the click of a mouse. However, given the demand for new sprinkler designers, there is a need to return to the basics. Designers, particularly newer designers, cannot be sat in front of a computer and be expected to get it right and understand sprinkler design the first time opening a program. Designers must understand the steps to be taken to ensure the sprinkler system will be adequate for a given facility. Designers, many times, have to read and interpret specifications, reports, and drawings before beginning the design process within the various computer programs available to companies. Furthermore, from day one, designers must have a working understanding of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. Given the number of steps that must be taken in order to design a sprinkler system, that provides a lot of room for error. Additionally, the steps are additive. The decisions made in one step will impact each step down the line. Therefore, it can be inferred that the first few steps the designer takes in the process are, arguably, the most important. The designer must first define the occupancy and then move forward to determine the appropriate design area and density for the system. Furthermore, the designer must understand how to locate the design area within the system. These steps should be completed before the computer calculation program is opened. Occupancy Classification The first step in the design process is determining the occupancy in which the system will be designed (Brock, 2012). However, this step is not always as straightforward as one may think. The occupancies within NFPA 13 have unique definitions. They do not directly correspond with the definitions one may find in the International Building Code or NFPA 101, Life Safety Code®. For instance, one manufacturing occupancy, as defined by the IBC, may not be the same occupancy classification within NFPA 13 as a different manufacturing occupancy. Per NFPA 13, areas within a building will be defined as light hazard, ordinary hazard (Group 1), ordinary hazard (Group 2), extra hazard (Group 1), and extra hazard (Group 2). To add to the confusion, there are then special occupancy classifications of Chapter 22, particularly storage commodity classes (Class I through IV) and plastic groups (Groups A-C). NFPA 13 (2016) uses phrases like “quantity of combustibles” and expected “rates of heat release” in the definitions of the various occupancies. While the Annex has a list of examples of each type of occupancy, it is not all encompassing. Designers must make judgment calls on what some occupancies should be classified 46 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

when it does not fit easily into one of the occupancy classifications. Furthermore, many drawings use room names that may need to be interpreted regarding the actual use of such room. When designing for large warehouses, one must classify what is being stored. This is important as, many times, the owner or operators of these warehouses may not be fully aware of what is in the products. There are differences in the compositions of the different plastic groups as defined by NFPA 13. In addition to understanding what is being stored, one must also know how it is being packaged. This could cause a product from being a Class I commodity to a Class II commodity. Warehouses also have the element of storage configurations from piles to racks to aisle widths. There is no one answer for all situations when designing a sprinkler system. Designers need to be able to ask the right questions and make these decisions to move forward in laying out the sprinkler system. The occupancy classification will impact the remaining design as the various occupancies and commodities have differing spacing requirements for both area protected and maximum spacing allowances. Design Area & Density Selection Once the occupancy is classified, the next two steps typically go hand in hand. A selection of a design area will dictate the design density. The design area and density ultimately tell you the amount of flow that will be required for a system to control the fire. The design area is provided in square feet (ft2) and the density is provided in gallons per minute per square foot (gpm/ft2). This enables the designer to begin to understand the system in terms of floor area protected and the quantity of water needed. While the curves used for the hazard classifications in NFPA 13 (2016) Figure 11.2.3.1.1 are easy to read, a designer must understand where the initial design area comes from. Is the intent of the system to provide the most economical design or a higher safety factor? Is the design area or density driven by the jurisdiction requirements, unique design considerations, or the insurance policy? Smaller design areas are typically associated with more economical designs. Smaller design areas are typically associated with more economical designs (Brock, 2012). However, some insurers or jurisdictions may require larger design areas with the greater density assigned to the smaller area in order to have a larger safety factor (Brock, 2012). Once the initial design area is selected, the corresponding density can be determined. Then comes the various exceptions

to the rules. Quick-response sprinklers? Sloped ceiling? Dry pipe system? These adjustments, as well as others, result in changes to the design area. Multiple adjustments are compounded such as dry pipe system in an attic. The original area is 1,500 ft2 and increased 30 percent for a dry pipe system is 1,950 ft2. The sloped ceiling would be increased 30 percent for a final remote area of 2,535 ft2. However, one may not understand where these changes come from without reading the associated text around NFPA 13 Figure 11.2.3.1.1 (2016). If you have a warehouse, the above figure does not apply. There are a variety of figures and tables dictating the design area and density for storage occupancies. Without successfully classifying the product stored, the designer could end up in the wrong chapter when specifying the design criteria for a warehouse. Furthermore, there are the different specialty sprinklers, such as control mode specific application (CMSA) or early suppression fast response (ESFR). These sprinklers use a design method that is not dictated by the area and density, but the number of sprinklers calculated is based upon the type of sprinkler used. The design area and density selection will ultimately dictate the amount of flow that will be required of the system. Since water is the key element in controlling or extinguishing most fires, these steps in the design process must be considered thoughtfully. Decisions will be made that meet the needs of the property owners, insurers, and jurisdiction.

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Design Area Location The final steps that need to be completed prior to the first pressure loss calculation is determining how many sprinklers are required in the design area, what the design area looks like, and where the design area needs to be located within the system. The number of sprinklers assumed to operate in the design area is determined one of two ways. The first way is the design area used divided by the area protected by a single sprinkler. This value is then rounded up to the next whole sprinkler. However, this calculation only works if all the sprinklers on the plans protect the same size area and no sprinklers are closer to a wall than ½ the distance to the adjacent branch line. For these reasons, it is common for this approach to identify fewer sprinklers than are actually required. The second method for determining the number of sprinklers is adding the actual floor area protected by each sprinklers until the cumulative value is at least the specified design area. (Brock, 2012) This is summarized by Figure A.23.4.4 of NFPA 13. Next, the shape of the design area must be determined. NFPA 13 (2016) requires the shape to be rectangular. To determine the first dimension, NFPA 13 (2016) requires that the width of the design area be a minimum of 1.2 times the square root of the design area. The greater the width will result in a greater system demand requirement (Brock, 2012). This width is applied to the dimension parallel to the branch lines. This approach forces more sprinklers to be included on the branch line so it would be more hydraulically demanding. For example, a design area with 12 sprinklers would have four sprinklers on the branch line. This

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is more hydraulically demanding than four branch lines with three sprinklers each. The sprinklers within the design area should be served by the same cross main (NFPA, 2016).

fittings used. Programs can auto populate pipe sizes, work in two-dimensional or three-dimensional applications, or recalculate systems quickly based upon changes made to the system design.

Once the minimum width of the design area is determined, the location of the design area can be selected. Hydraulic calculations will need to be completed for the most demanding points of the system. This area may be at the furthest point in the system riser based upon pipe length. However, if occupancies differ throughout, it may be located elsewhere. This ultimately means that one hydraulic calculation may not be enough and the designer may need to demonstrate that the system is adequate through multiple calculations.

In addition to all of the benefits of computer programs, there is still an element of knowledge of the hydraulic calculations and application of the standard. Computer programs still require certain information input manually. Programs have default settings that may need to be modified. This is where having the knowledge of the design steps is so important. While computer programs have made the design and calculation process easier, it does not preclude designers from needing to understand the basic principles of sprinkler design. Without training in this area, new designers may assume that the computer program will get it right.

The first sprinkler in the hydraulic calculations is so critical in getting it right. Residential, extended coverage, CMSA, and ESFR sprinklers start with a beginning pressure and flow. Other sprinklers have to be determined by taking the density times the protection area per sprinkler in Section 8.5.2.1. An incorrect determination of the area causes the pressure and flow to be wrong. Sprinkler calculations subsequent to the first sprinkler will also be incorrect. Plan reviewers are in tune with that so if the first sprinkler is wrong, there is no reason to proceed with the plan review. Computer Programs Automatic sprinkler computer calculation programs are becoming increasingly sophisticated. They can provide a plethora of information from the traditional information on pipe lengths or sizes to the specifications of the valves and

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Conclusion It is important for sprinkler system designers to understand the different requirements of NFPA 13. In addition to NFPA 13, designers must have knowledge of the project requirements, which may come from specifications, drawings, and the authority having jurisdiction. While each project and system design is unique, the beginning steps to each project are not. It is critical to appropriately classify the occupancy such that the remainder of the design is not impacted. The design area and density selections provide the system with the quantity of water needed to control or suppress a fire. The location and shape of the design area will ensure that the calculations will be for the worst-case scenario. Computer programs provide ease and flexibility in the design process. However, the program will not correct the errors made in the initial steps taken during the design process. The effort and quality that goes into a computer program is what will come out in the results. In other words, quality in equals quality out or junk in equals junk out. Understanding the basic principles of hydraulic design and the application of the design standard will better enable sprinkler designers to get the job done correctly and efficiently. n REFERENCES: Brock, Pat D. (2012). Fire Protection Hydraulics and Water Supply Analysis, Fire Protection Publications, Stillwater, OK, Third edition. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2016 Edition, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Virginia Charter, PE is an assistant professor at OSUâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Fire Protection and Safety Engineering Technology program. She obtained her Bachelor of Science degree from OSU in fire protection and safety engineering technology and her Master of Science degree from WPI in Fire Protection Engineering. She is a licensed Fire Protection Engineer in both Nevada, California, and Oklahoma. Prior to returning to OSU, Charter was a senior consultant for the Las Vegas office of Rolf Jensen & Associates, Inc. She has been heavily involved in large mixed-use properties egress design. She has developed performance specifications and conceptual drawings for fire alarm and automatic sprinkler systems, as well as construction design documents including fire protection reports, code equivalencies, and general code consulting for many projects across the nation and abroad. Additionally, Charter has valuable technical knowledge in smoke control analysis including the commissioning of smoke control systems.

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product material must be smooth to eliminate possible surface abrasion to the CPVC pi important, the listed fitting when installed on the CPVC pipe shall not exert compressiv circumference. Currently, these required CPVC sway brace fitting features eliminate th brace fittings and virtually all longitudinal brace fittings. The NFPA 13 - 9.3.5.6 requirement to longitudinally sway brace CPVC piping can be acco lateral sway brace fittings, such as the AFCON #035. Using the NFPA 13 – 9.3.5.5.8 anal sway bracing placements and location, to accomplish longitudinal sway bracing is appro Since CPVC pipe has limited rigidity, and therefore a propensity for flexure, we must inc analogy in conformance to NFPA 13 – 9.3.5.5.8. Accordingly, factor the dimensions of N to the characteristics of CPVC pipe. This conservative analogy, will greatly restrict the m bracing installation dimension and limit pipe on pipe size relative to the diameter of the

Longitudinal Sway Bracing of CPVC Using an NFPA 13 Analogy KRAIG KIRSCHNER | AFCON

There are very few listed sway brace fittings for CPVC pipe. Listing criteria specified by the CPVC resin manufacturers and recognized by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) define the mechanics required of listed CPVC sway brace fittings and their design. Accordingly, UL listing requires strictly defined features of installed sway brace fitting fit and finish. The fitting product material must be smooth to eliminate possible surface abrasion to the CPVC pipe. Further and very important, the listed fitting when installed on the CPVC pipe

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shall not exert compressive force to the pipes circumference. Currently, these required CPVC sway brace fitting features eliminate the listing of most lateral brace fittings and virtually all longitudinal brace fittings.

The NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, Section 9.3.5.6 requirement to Figure 1. Lateral sway brace as longitudinal sway longitudinally sway brace CPVC brace per NFPA 13-9.3.5.5.8. A conservative solution – see above drawing piping can be accomplished using 1. lateral Install size on size T in main piping 13 Technical Committee Hanging only listed sway brace fittings, 2. Side outlet size on size nip and cap and Bracing Committee. n such as the AFCON #035. Using the 3. Install lateral sway brace on outlet nipple at closest possible dimension re NFPA 13-9.3.5.5.8 analogy, which instructs lateral sway bracing placeABOUT THE AUTHOR: Kraig Kirschner is a This analogy has been discussed and agreed by the members of the NPFA13 AUT-HBS. ments and location, to accomplish longitudinal sway bracing is appropri- third-generation fire sprinkler contractor ate and conservative. and a journeyman fitter. He is a principal

member of NFPA 13 Since CPVC pipe has limited rigidity, Hanging and Bracing and therefore a propensity for flexure, Technical Committee we must incorporate a conservative and serves fire on StanKraig Kirschner is a third generation sprinkler contractor and a journeym dardand Technical Panels of UL 203, UL 203A and serves Member oftoNFPA 13 - Hanging Bracing Technical Committee analogy in conformance NFPA and FM 1950. Kirschner isa aLife LifeMember Member of the Nation Panels of UL 203, UL 203A and FM 1950. Kraig is 13-9.3.5.5.8. Accordingly, factor the NFPA and wasYear named of the Association and was namedofPerson of the in Person 2009 Fire Protection Contr dimensions of dozens NFPA 13-9.3.5.5.8 Year in 2009 Fire Protection Contractor of hangers an of patents that enhance the installation and application magazine. He holds dozens of patents that specific to the characteristics of enhance the installation and application of CPVC pipe. This conservative hangers and sway braces. analogy, will greatly restrict the maximum 24-in. lateral sway bracing EDITOR’S NOTE: It should be noted that installation dimension and limit pipe the above is the author’s opinion as a on pipe size relative to the diameter member of the NFPA 13 Technical Committee on Hanging and Bracing. It has not of the main piping.

A conservative longitudinal sway bracing solution is shown in Figure 1. 1. Install T in main piping with the outlet the same size as the main. 2. Install a short nipple in the side outlet with a cap. 3. Install lateral sway brace on outlet nipple at closest possible dimension relative to the main piping. This analogy has been discussed and agreed by the members of the NFPA

been processed as a formal interpretation in accordance with the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects and should therefore not be considered, nor relied upon, as the official position of the NFPA or its committees.

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Empowering Your Next Gen Employees Get Them Involved! JOSHUA LEONHARDT | Leonhardt Pipe & Supply Inc.

Can you put a value on your time? That’s a question few folks truly know the answer to! Is your time worth $20 per hour, $50 per hour, or $100 per hour? Would you know how to answer that question if you were asked? I challenge you to determine what your time is worth, because if you’re a business owner or team leader, your time is as valuable as any other asset you control. Why wouldn’t it be? We’ve put the years in, and we’ve built, bought, or transformed our companies into what they are today. Why wouldn’t we think of our time as valuable, limited, and subject to safeguarding? Would you believe your time is also the most valuable currency for company investments? What does that mean? How is my time an asset and a currency? As business owners and leaders within our companies, time is the most valued asset we control and the most valuable currency for investments in our companies. And it’s our responsibility, as professionals, to control and invest our time effectively. In 2017, there are so many types of investments worthy of our time: relationship maintenance, profit improvement, cost savings, company growth, and so many more. The one investment I urge you to include in your investment portfolio this year, is your Next Gen employees. What is “Next Gen” and who are “Next Gen” employees? This term loosely refers to a community of professionals who are under 40 years old, and who will inevitably replace the rapidly retiring workforce currently over the age of 55. It is imperative that you invest your time into these younger professionals, known as the Next Gen of our industry. This is the group of professionals who will have the best chance of getting fire sprinklers into single-family homes in the U.S. They will transform our companies and our industry in ways we’ve yet to realize and appreciate. They will reinvent, improve upon, and perfect what we’ve built over the last several decades. We must invest our time towards this group, and we must empower them through encouraging industry involvement and continuing education. The future of our industry depends on this investment, and our industry requires this investment now! I have a unique perspective on this issue because I am both a Next Gen professional and a leader within my 52 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

company who is already investing in and empowering the young professionals we employ. If given the opportunity to speak for Next Gen professionals, I would want you to know that not all employees under the age of 40 are the Next Gen of our industry; there are plenty of “bad eggs” out there. I would also want you to know that not all Next Gen professionals are under the age of 40; we’re inclusive regardless of age. Next Gen professionals thrive when we’re acknowledged for our successes, and when we feel needed by our coworkers. We crave a challenge and we aren’t afraid to reinvent the wheel if that’s what is required to solve a problem. Next Gen professionals believe in an ideology similar to “work smart to avoid working hard.” We perform well under pressure and under deadlines, if provided with the resources and tools necessary to complete the job. We often offer unsolicited advice, opinions, and ideas that would benefit the company’s bottom line. As a leader within my company, I would encourage you to realize the value of investing your time into Next Gen employees. There is no greater loss than a lost opportunity, because the value of the loss is never accurately measured. It’s a loss that cannot be measured and that makes it worth avoiding. If you’re not investing your time, personally, in coaching your Next Gen professionals then you’re missing an opportunity. If you’re not pairing up Next Gen professionals within your company with 10-, 20-, and 30-year sprinkler professionals, then you’re missing an opportunity. If you’re not producing a work environment and culture conducive to knowledge transfer then you’re missing an opportunity. In a span of the last two years and the next six years, my company will see over 140 years of experience retire from the sprinkler industry. I measure the value of opportunity that could be lost as 140 years of experience, contacts, and lessons learned. Have you done this exercise for your company lately? What do you stand to lose in the next three years because of retiring employees? If you see the value of what you stand to lose, then you must realize the value of what you stand to gain by investing in your Next Gen professionals. If you’re going to invest in this group, invest with your most valuable currency: your time!

In our company, we’ve taken huge strides to prepare for our coworkers nearing retirement. Our manager of inside sales and customer service is less than 30 years old. Our manager of stocklisting and fabrication sales is less than 30 years old. We have two shipping and fabrication facilities with branch managers that are less than 35 years old. Our purchasing agent and inventory control manager is less than 25 years old.

what’s happening in our industry. The networking and exposure is giving them access to new ideas that help us achieve our goals and help us raise the bar year after year. The result is young coworkers getting what they want from their employer. They’re getting attention from their managers; they’re getting respect for what they’re capable of doing; they’re getting guidance and mentorship; and they’re feeling appreciated for their contributions of time and talent.

We are incentivizing our older workforce to pair up and mentor our younger workforce. We are assigning company improvement projects to groups of younger and older professionals. This kind of orchestrated collaboration allows for ideas to mesh and transference of knowledge to occur. We have monthly “all-hands” conference calls where employees can communicate with each other across depart6 ment lines and across age barriers. Our culture has improved and continues to5change for the better.

We are investing as much time as we can into our Next Gen professionals. As it stands currently, I work with one of the most talented groups of Next Gen professionals in the fire sprinkler industry. If you don’t believe me, do a self-analysis of your company and ask yourself if you’re putting enough emphasis on the future of your company. Is your Next Gen ready? Are you ready for the next wave of retirees? We are! n 7 8 8.2

We’ve made a conscious effort to invest our time into coaching and molding our Next Gen professionals and we’ve pushed them to get involved in the American Fire Sprinkler Association’s (AFSA) local chapters, Society of EXISTING Fire Protection Engineers’ (SFPE) local chapters, and AFSA EQUIPMENT MEZZANINE national committees. Our people are attending association meetings and running for office on association committees. Through this involvement, they’re learning new products, new installation practices, and they’re staying informed on

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Joshua Leonhardt is executive vice president of Leonhardt Pipe & Supply, Inc., Huntersville, North Carolina. AFSA members since 2004, Leonhardt Pipe & Supply is a multi-generational family owned and operated company that aims to become a master distributor and fabricator of fire protection and fire sprinkler products for generations to come. Leonhardt is a member of AFSA’s NextGen Initiative. He can be reached via email at jleonhardt@leonhardtpipe.com. SERVICE / WRITE-UP 130

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Taking Fire Safety Into Their Own Hands Homeowners Voluntarily Install Residential Sprinkler System WENDY CALLAHAN | AFSA Connecticut Chapter

Set in a picturesque, bedroom community north of Boston is a gorgeous, newly constructed 7,000-ft2 home. This grand residence, located 1,300 ft from the street up a secluded windy knoll, is tucked into a beautifully wooded property in a unique town. It’s unique in that the town of Boxford, Massachusetts has no town water, so every home has its own well. Home lots must be a two-acre minimum, and there are no fire hydrants. Boxford is also a place where fire prevention is a priority – from the homebuilder to the homeowner, and from the firefighter to the town building department. The modern home that sparked this article was crafted with all the technological advances of the day, in a resort-like setting, and includes a residential fire sprinkler system. Building their dream home, this forward-thinking, young couple with four small children plan to welcome their grandchildren there someday. Foremost on their minds was fire safety. Concerned with the limitations of access to a water source in case of a fire, response time of a small-town fire department given weather conditions, and a challenging driveway, they turned to their builder Steve Howell with Howell Custom Builders located in Boxford, Massachusetts, for options. “The homeowners and I discussed installing fire sprinklers right out of the gate,” comments Howell. “I had experience with a residential system, having installed one in a large home 54 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Two 300-gallon water tanks in the basement supply the residential sprinkler system.

we built for a customer in rural Maine.” He continued: “Another reason for adding a system was the 120-ft rise up a quarter-mile-long driveway. That length, and the design of it, would be a real challenge for a fire truck, especially in inclement weather.” Asked about his experience and knowledge of fire sprinkler systems, Howell shared that his college roommate was Nick Groos, whose grandfather started the Viking Corporation. As they would connect through the years, Groos would say, “Steve, when are you going to put a system in one of these homes you build?” Interestingly, in Boxford when a driveway is longer than 1,000 ft, the fire department will recommend to the builder and homeowner to install a

residential system. Fire Chief Brian Geiger explains: “Such recommendations are then brought to the town’s building committee for approval. Boxford is a slow town; we had our last fire nine months ago. We are fortunate that we have the time to donate to fire prevention in our homes. We spend a lot of time in homes making sure everything is to code, especially with these systems. We know that fire sprinklers give a homeowner the extra time needed to get out of a burning home, and that saves lives. In a town with no town water, no hydrants and a call fire department, this team approach to fire safety is very important.” The fire department works closely with the town’s Inspector of Buildings Bob Aldenberg on permits and inspections. Aldenberg, who has worked in town government for many

years, actually talks to homeowners looking to build about installing a residential sprinkler system. “In this town, we’ve got several homes with these systems. Once the fire department makes the recommendation, the building committee is going to follow it. We’ve got a home in the woods with a system whose water source is their well, which was determined as sufficient, and a home furthest back on a shared driveway with a tank in their basement.” Aldenberg continues: “This most recent home has two 300-gallon water tanks in the lower level. I make a point to discuss this with any potential home builder. As a town of 8,300 residents in 2,400 homes, not many homes are built in a year, so the AHJs and town officials can focus on getting things right.” The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) codes and standards are followed, as well as Massachusetts Fire Prevention Code 148, section 26G, that requires

homes built over 7,500 ft2 be required to install a fire sprinkler system. Boxford takes that further with its recommendation for a system installed where the home’s driveway is over 1,000 ft. Once the decision to install in this most recent build was made, Metro Swift Sprinkler Corporation, Peabody, Massachusetts, was chosen as the sprinkler contractor. Designer Bob Belmonte and the Builder Steve Howell, agreed that the design and installation were tricky. As the home design changed, so did the sprinkler design. Some of the fittings had to be adjusted onsite as well. “Many elements of the design had to be figured out in the field as they were building it,” remarks Belmonte.

Now enjoying their beautiful new house, the homeowners are content with their decision to include residential sprinklers: “We couldn’t be happier with how the project turned out. With the challenges of getting fire equipment up to our home and access to water, this was the best decision we could have made for our family’s safety and well-being.” We in the industry couldn’t agree more. n ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Wendy Callahan is executive director for AFSA’s Connecticut Chapter and lives in Boxford, Massachusetts. She previously served on the AFSA National staff and can be reached via email at wendy.afsa@yahoo.com.

Tricky areas in this Cape-style home included closet spaces, eaves, and working around all the high-end lighting and plumbing. When it was complete, the heads were barely noticeable in the ceilings and the house was a model of safety.

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Health Insurance for 2018 What You Need to Know ED STERCZEK | Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc.

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coverage, marriage, becoming a U.S. citizen, permanent move to another state).

Both small business and individuals are looking for ways to minimize health insurance cost. AFSA members are able to obtain a no-cost, no-obligation quote that they can compare to their existing program. Now is the time to prepare for new or renewing individual and group policies.

• The average rate increase will be more moderate with premiums estimated to increase at a far slower clip than 2017. However, individual insurers are concerned about whether the Trump administration plans to enforce the mandates. If the penalty for not having health insurance is not enforced, there will be a significantly lower number of young healthy people dropping insurance, while the sickest, costliest members will remain.

Individual Policy Information The open enrollment period for anyone wishing to apply for an individual policy will be 45 days from November 1, 2017 to December 15, 2017. If you do not enroll in a health plan, you will be ineligible to obtain coverage unless you have a “qualifying event” (i.e., involuntary loss of health ®

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• Shop strategically. If you qualify for tax credits which will lower your cost, you must enroll through the marketplace (HealthCare.gov) to be eligible for the tax credits.

• Consider short-term insurance. If you miss the open enrollment period deadline, short-term insurance will help bridge the gap until the next open enrollment period. Group Insurance Details Group insurance is not subject to any open enrollment period. If your company has two or more employees, you are eligible to enroll in a group plan at any time throughout the year. Group plans provide more access to doctors and hospitals. The PPO options will provide coverage for all providers either on an in-network or out-of-network basis. Group plans have more flexibility, allowing an employer to terminate a plan and begin a new plan at any time. Any deductible and out-of-pocket expenses satisfied under a group plan will be transferred and honored by the newYOUR insurance company. #1 SOURCE FOR WATER PRESSURE NEEDS

Obtain a Quote AFSA members can visit mmicinsurance.com to obtain a quote. For a health insurance for individuals and/or family members click “Proposal Request Form” for individual and families. For group health insurance click “Proposal Request Form for Group” (two or more employees). All health insurance quotes will be emailed within 48 hours. Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc. has the expertise to provide competitive health insurance options for AFSA members, and looks forward to the opportunity of quoting health insurance for members’ review. Contact MMIC via phone at 1-800-349-1039 or email at mmic@ mmicinsurance.com. n ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Ed Sterczek is president of MMIC, an AFSA-endorsed business solution and has over 30 years of experience in the analysis and development of successful insurance programs for individuals and employer groups.

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Thank You for Your Support! Members Celebrate Milestone Anniversaries As the American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) celebrates its 36th anniversary in 2017, we also recognize those members who are celebrating milestone membership anniversaries. The member companies featured in the table below have belonged to AFSA for 15 or more years of continuous membership.

donderry, New Hampshire. Past AFSA Chairman of the Board Larry Thibodeau took some time to share his experiences and knowledge learned in the fire protection industry and over the past 35 years with AFSA.

“Our long-term members are testaments to the value of AFSA membership,” comments AFSA Director of Membership Bradley Elliott. “These contractors have traditionally taken advantage of all that AFSA has to offer. However, more importantly, these are companies that believe in the mission of AFSA and understand the importance of having a unified voice for the merit shop fire sprinkler contractor.”

How did you get involved in the Larry Thibodeau fire sprinkler industry? I got involved in sprinklers when I took a summer job before going to college and made good money. After being at school for a semester, I figured out I did not have enough money to pay for it and that it just wasn’t for me. I quit and started working full time as a sprinkler apprentice. And the rest is history!

Several members are celebrating milestone anniversaries in September and October 2017, including Contractor Member Hampshire Fire Protection Co., LLC, Lon-

How did you get involved with AFSA? I found out about AFSA in 1982 through Ed Smith, an AFSA Past Chairman who began having outreach meetings in the Northeast to discuss the formation of a regional organization. Ed convinced me to form the Yankee Chapter and I became the first chair for our region. What is your favorite or most used AFSA benefit? Training is the most important benefit, but also the interaction with other contractors and suppliers is invaluable.

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What is your favorite AFSA memory? My favorite AFSA memories are probably too numerous to list but as Past National Chairman, Steve Muncy (former AFSA president), Janet Knowles (former AFSA executive vice president), and I spent quite a few days in Washington for various reasons such as the Sprinkler Incentive Act. We enjoyed each others company including many visits to the local Legal Sea Foods. What is your favorite AFSA convention memory? All AFSA conventions are the best but one that stands out to me was in 2000 in Phoenix, Arizona. I will never forget seeing Past Chairman Bill Corbin ride in on a nice black and white horse. What is the most significant change you’ve seen in AFSA or the industry over the past 35 years? AFSA has grown in 35 years to be a real force in the fire sprinkler industry. Most notably, the technology throughout the industry has changed at lightning speed. Thirtyfive years ago we were drawing in pencil and ink and doing calculations by hand. Now most designers would

not know what to do with an electric eraser, just as I would not know how to sit behind a computer and do CAD drawings. It is amazing what has changed.

AFSA Milestone Membership Anniversaries September and October 2017

35-Year Anniversary

What’s the key ingredient to your success? The key ingredient to Hampshire Fire’s and my success is the support I have always had from my wife Diane. She was there from the beginning and worked without pay for many years. I cannot forget our employees; I believe we have the best around. They are dedicated and professional and without them we are nowhere. If I weren’t working in fire protection, I would be... If I was not working in fire protection I cannot imagine where or what I would be doing as this is all I have ever done. Going on our 40th year and now having my son Kevin taking control I am very proud to have started Hampshire Fire Protection. Here’s to You! AFSA congratulates the members celebrating these anniversary milestones and looks forward to celebrating with more members in the future. Recognition in Sprinkler Age will be done in five-year anniversary increments and is available to all membership types. Happy Anniversary! n

Contractor Members Hampshire Fire Protection Co., LLC, Londonderry, NH Associate Members Potter Electric Signal Company, St. Louis, MO

30-Year Anniversary

Contractor Members Magic City Sprinkler, Inc., Roanoke, VA Mechanical Fire Protection, Stockton, AL

25-Year Anniversary

Contractor Members Dakota Fire Protection, Inc., Grand Forks, ND Knight Fire Protection, Inc., Olympia, WA Carolina Fire Control, Inc., Concord, NC

20-Year Anniversary

Contractor Members Chief Fire Equipment & Service Co., Inc., Lodi, NJ Connecticut Fire Protection & Sprinkler Co., Milford, CT Fire & Life Safety America (an ECFP Co.), Richmond, VA Designer Members B.I.C. Design Company, North Kansas City, MO

15-Year Anniversary

Contractor Members Century Fire Protection, LLC, Duluth, GA Professional FIre Protection, Inc., Johnstown, NY United Fire Protection Corp., Kenilworth, NJ

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AFSA Launches Online Safety Portal Free Safety Resource Aims to Help Keep Members Safe The American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) is pleased to announce the immediate availability of its newest free member resource, the AFSA online Safety Portal at afsasafetyportal.com. Developed by the AFSA Safety & Insurance Committee in partnership with Blue River Underwriters, an AFSA-endorsed insurance partner, the Safety Portal is a customized safety portal built with the specific needs of fire sprinkler contractors in mind. “AFSA is excited to launch this brand-new benefit for our members,” says Bradley Elliott, AFSA director of member services. “In addition to AFSA’s Toolbox Talks, there is a wealth of resources from state and national organizations as well as governmental entities. This includes best practices, bulletins, employee handouts, employer programs, infographics, sample forms, and much more. The goal is for this portal to be a one-stop shop for our member’s safety needs.” With over 1,000 resources and references, The Safety Portal aims to address some of the key issues in construction safety today, such as electrical safety, ladder safety, loss control, personal protection, and vehicle safety. “The AFSA Safety Portal provides an easy way for our members to get information on accident prevention and safety practices.” says Safety & Insurance Committee Chair Paul DeLorie, Hampshire Fire Protection, Londonderry, New Hampshire. “Members can use this free tool to supplement their company safety 60 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

AFSA’s new online Safety Portal, afsasafetyportal.com, helps members prevent claims and create a safe work environment.

program and have a ready resource for researching and implementing the best practices that ensure safe work environments and prevent claims. I especially like the downloadable Tool Box Talks and the ready links to various safety resources.” This new member-only website proactively delivers the accident-prevention and safety-related information members need to educate their staff, help prevent claims, and create a safe work environment. In addition to expanding upon AFSA’s popular Toolbox Talks, a weekly safety series custom tailored for the fire sprinkler industry, the Safety Portal also provides a wealth of practical resources from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Department of Labor (DOL), the

Center for Construction Research and Training, the National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, the National Safety Council, and many others. Whether members are in need of OSHA regulations, workplace safety posters, or even loss statistics to better prepare their staff, AFSA’s Safety Portal helps to make your place of business a safe and compliant one. Because a safer business means better business. Check out all the resources available online at afsasafetyportal.com. n

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AFSA Expands Into Canada Alberta, Vancouver Chapters Formed The American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) is heading north with two new chapters in Canada. The process started when Kevin Mozak and Donovan Van Twuyver with Meridian Fire Protection in Edmonton, Alberta (AB) approached the AFSA booth at the 2016 NFPA Conference in Las Vegas, Nevada. Mozak and VanTwuyver felt that merit shop contractors in Alberta didn’t have enough training and educational opportunities or a unified voice on legislative issues. They wanted to change that, and AFSA was more than happy to oblige. The two attended AFSA’s Chapter Leadership Conference during the 2016 convention in Nashville, Tennessee. There they learned chapter development best practices through presentations, panels, and roundtable idea exchanges. They took the things they learned and the connections they made back to Alberta and started the process of building a chapter. They recruited new contractor members, exposing them to the benefits of AFSA membership and the opportunities a chapter could bring to the market. “As a Canadian chapter, discussions have been broad and spirited on the value that AFSA brings to the Canadian market,” comments Mozak. “One of the automatic consensus was to have a common voice for merit shop in Canada. As of today there is not a feasible alternative! As a founding member, I would have measured the success of AFSA in Canada by having a half a dozen contractors discuss day-to-day issues once or twice a year, but we have well surpassed this expectation and I believe we are just getting started.” On April 28, 2017 the founding contractor members officially signed a letter of intent to start an AFSA Alberta Chapter. On June 9, 2017 they officially elected their board of directors: Kevin Mozak of Meridian Fire Protection, Edmonton, AB as president; Richard Strain of Streamline Fire Protection, Edmonton, AB as vice president; Donovan Van Twuyver of Meridian Fire Protection, Edmonton, AB as secretary; Brett Peters of Proudline Fire Protection Services, Edmonton, AB as treasurer; and Jason Andrews of LSFP Designs, Inc., St. Albert, AB as membership chair. Another chapter launching is the Vancouver Chapter in British Columbia (BC). Following a request from several contractors looking to learn more about AFSA and the possibility of forming a chapter, AFSA Director of Member Services Bradley Elliott traveled to Vancouver in May. He met with a number of area contractors and distributors and found there was not only a need, but a strong desire for a chapter in the Vancouver metro area. During a lunch on May 24, three contractors took the official first step, joining AFSA and signing a letter of intent to start a chapter. Elliott was asked back to Vancouver in early September to do a presentation on the advantages of AFSA membership and how a strong chapter can benefit not only fire sprinkler contractors, but 62 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

(From l to r):Kevin Korenthal, Donovan Van Twuyver, Kevin Mozak, and Bradley Elliott at dinner following Mid-Year Leadership Conference in Fort Worth Texas.

The AFSA Vancouver Chapter held its inaugural meeting September 6 at the Trattoria Restaurant in Burnaby, British Columbia.

the industry as a whole. During this packed meeting with 24 attendees, the AFSA contractor members present decided to formally elect their chapter leaders. At that point, the AFSA Vancouver Chapter went from an idea to a reality. The newly elected board of directors for AFSA’s Vancouver Chapter are: President Alan Thompson of ART Fire Protection, Chilliwack, BC; Vice President Ezra Zapanta of Escape Fire Protection, Abbottsford, BC; Secretary/Treasurer Scott Rattray of National Hydronics, Surrey, BC; and Membership Chair Nicole Andreassen of Viking SupplyNet, Langley, BC. AFSA is excited about the positive opportunities these new chapters will bring to the Contractors in Canada. “I think that this expansion into Western Canada is a natural step for AFSA,” says Elliott. “AFSA has always been innovative in crafting products, training materials, and tools to help merit shop contractors succeed. There is clearly need for these items in Canada as well as the communication, networking, public awareness, and legislative clout that a local AFSA chapter can bring.” If you have an interest in starting a chapter in your area, contact AFSA’s Membership Department at (214) 349-5965 or membership@firesprinkler.org. n

FInd the rIght pAth to reSolutIon wIth AFSA’S ClAImS ASSIStAnCe progrAm did you know that sprinkler contractor members underwritten by aFsa’s Contractors Insurance solution are automatically enrolled in a Claims assistance Program? Today in the fire sprinkler industry, each sprinkler contractor looks to fully protect their financial interests both during and after completion of any contractual work performed. however, claims will arise from time to time. When that occurs, you can count on aFsa’s Claims assistance Program to help you find the right path to resolution. aFsa’s Claims assistance Program features a coverage services support team, which includes state-of-the-art loss control services, professional claims handling services, and a customized state-of-the-industry back room claims review by nFPa experts to support your needs.

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AFSA’S ContrACtorS InSurAnCe SolutIon The only ConTraCTor InsuranCe Program endorsed by aFsa When determining contractor claims, it’s important to base decisions not only on contractual experience but code related experience as well. That’s where our Claims assistance Program kicks in. after all contracts and documents related to a loss have been reviewed for paths of consideration, each claim is then uniquely reviewed relative to all nFPa standards by aFsa’s team of nFPa experts. These experts assist the adjusting team to determine the strengths and weaknesses in defending or denying claims. In many cases this process allows the Insurance Carrier to transfer property owner standards from nFPa 25 back to the responsible party and settle claims faster, which typically lowers the contractor’s loss.

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AHJ PERSPECTIVE BY RONNY J. COLEMAN

Here Comes da Judge Again! In a previous article in Sprinkler Age magazine in November 2012,1 I referred to the early 1970s about a comedian named Flip Wilson. He built quite a reputation with a comedic act by making fun of judges in a skit called “here comes da judge.” While his act might have been funny then, the admonition that we should be watching out for judges is not so far from the truth today. I will readily admit that I am not an attorney, so, the following column is a synopsis of what I think the modern fire officer needs to be aware of in the fire arena but it is not the same as legal advice. More and more, there are circumstances in which fire departments are being confronted with lawsuits relative to their fire prevention activities. My advice for those who are in leadership or management roles is to have a healthy respect for the legal implications of the decision making process. This requires that

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you have a passing knowledge of the concept of legal doctrine. You don’t need to be an attorney to understand the basic concepts. Doctrine is considered to be a codification of beliefs or body of teachings within a specific branch of knowledge. A legal doctrine is the framework: set of rules, procedural steps or tests, often established with precedent in common law. Understanding basic doctrine allows a fire officer to prepare adequate defenses against frivolous lawsuits. The following are doctrine concepts that fire officers should be reasonably aware of. They are as follows: 1. Standard of Care 2. Duty to Warn and Perform 3. Acts and Omissions The concept of Standard of Care is a requirement for a degree of prudence and caution required by an individual who is under “Duty of Care.” When engaged in activities in the fire prevention bureau, there is a Standard of Care consideration. The act of adopting a fire code places a premium on doing the right thing in terms of enforcing it. The actual requirements of a Standard of Care vary according to a wide variety of circumstances that in the field of prevention generally relates to the care associated with enforcing the code that you already adopted. The Duty to Warn and Perform is a concept that you have responsibilities to warn third parties of dangerous conditions that emerge from failure to comply. In other words, if we are inspecting buildings, we have a duty to warn occupants that there are discrepancies between the Standard of Care and the actual practice. The third concept is Acts and Omissions. This is a concept where you can be held responsible for something you do (an act), or you can be held responsible for something you didn’t do (omission). Acts and Omissions, in this sense of the word, is about doing harm or allowing harm to occur. A good example of Acts and Omissions would be if you mandate an inspection cycle of occupancies and you fail to enforce that mandate, there could be consequences for that failure. Inspection Plan If we combine the legal requirements of these three doctrine concepts, it points us in the direction of having a properly designed inspection plan in place if we want to minimize legal actions against the department. The Standard of Care for most fire agencies in the United States is the

International Fire Code. There are some that utilize NFPA 1, Fire Code. By adopting a code to establish a minimum inspection requirement for all occupancies it infers a Duty to Warn and Perform to inspect it. A degree to which you have a plan to make sure that all occupancies are inspected is your best defense against any consideration of a lawsuit against a department. Continuing with this idea of integrating fire prevention into a business plan, the Bureau should have its own goals and objectives identified in the Strategic Planning Process. Then lastly, the department’s planning efforts should clearly articulate the expectations of the inspection program to ensure compliance. In all candor, even if you do all the right things and do them the right way, you may still receive lawsuits when things go wrong. This column, as stated before, is not legal advice, it is managerial advice. Being aware of these three components as part of the Strategic Planning Process is a defense against frivolous approaches. One could easily make the argument that failure to recognize these three things and then failure to incorporate it into the business plan of the department is a sure path to organizational vulnerability. Lastly, you should be very familiar with your organizations legal support, i.e., the City or District Attorney. There is an often quoted statement that fits this warning right here: “a person who attempts to represent himself (herself ) in a lawsuit

generally has a fool for a client.” Conferring with an attorney about the specifics of your business plan would be an extremely important consideration. A well-defined legal strategy should be able to answer the following questions: 1. What is it that you are actually required to inspect? 2. How often should it be inspected? 3. What are you doing to maintain conditions for safety? There is a pejorative term that is often expressed towards the fire service. Sometimes firefighters are accused of being firehouse lawyers. I am not suggesting you become a lawyer with this strategy, but I am suggesting that you understand the rules of the game to protect the interest of the organization as a whole. n REFERENCES: 1. Sprinkler Age, November 2012. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Ronny J. Coleman is currently the president of Fireforceone. He is a past president of the IAFC and CFAI. Over his lifetime, he has received numerous awards including the AFSA’s 1989 Henry S. Parmelee Award, the 2011 Mason Lankford Award from the Congressional Fire Services Institute, and the Tom Brennan Lifetime Achievement Award from Fire Engineering in 2014. He continues as a contributor to the fire service in many ways.

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Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 65

AFSA NEWS Herring Joins AFSA Staff Rebecca Herring has joined the American Fire Sprinkler Association (AFSA) staff as communications coordinator. Herring graduated from Louisiana State University with a Bachelor of Arts in mass communication in 2015. After moving back to Texas, she served in multiple marketing roles with Encore Enterprises, Inc., a Dallas-based commercial real estate firm. During her tenure with Encore, she developed strong copywriting, editing, social media, and graphic design skills. Herring is elated to bring those communications skills to AFSA, where she will be responsible for coordinating a variety of activities related to advertising, producing advertising materials for AFSA products and services, and assisting in the production of all AFSA publications. She will also work to draft content for articles, press releases, newsletters, website, social media, and various printed materials. As communications coordinator, she will report to Nicole Duvall, director of communications, and will be responsible for helping to share AFSA’s messages across various platforms. She can be reached via

email at rherring@firesprinkler.org or phone at 214-349-5965 ext. 134. Last Chance to Learn Design AFSA only has one class remaining for its 2017 Beginning Fire Sprinkler System Planning School: November 6-17. The school provides two weeks of instruction, 60 percent of which is study and review of NFPA 13 (2016). The other 40 percent is preparation of fire sprinkler system layouts, shop drawings and hydraulic calculations. The school is designed to train a beginner to be productive immediately upon returning to work. This class is designed for those with no experience, or those who need assistance with design. The students learn by actually planning and drawing sprinkler systems while studying and applying NFPA 13 (2016 edition). Classes are kept small to provide an enriched learning environment for each beginning designer. As such, these schools sell out fast. Find more information or register at firesprinkler.org/schools. ITM Fall 2017 Cycle: Last Chance to Save! Need inspection training? Are you wanting to create or grow an inspection side of your company? AFSA has the perfect program for you – the Inspection, Testing and Maintenance (ITM) Inspector Development program. The first

three cycles of this program have been a big success, and this fall is your last chance to take advantage of special introductory pricing. Thirty-four contracting companies enrolled in the Year One cycle from 16 states and three countries, and, on NICET Level I exams, there was a 91 percent firsttime pass rate! For an overview of how this AFSA training program can lead your green inspector to Level II NICET certification in 19 months, visit firesprinkler.org/itm. AFSA Launches New Ultimate Fire Sprinkler Guide The AFSA Ultimate Fire Sprinkler Guide is the database dedicated to fire sprinkler contractors, helping them find the products and services they need to manage their business. the site is a valuable resource, eliminating the clutter that goes into the average Internet search. The guide provides a platform for members and industry professionals to work smarter, not harder. With enhanced visual features, more intelligent search technology and marketing opportunities to fit companies of all sizes, there is no better way to connect industry professionals and businesses. Visit ultimatefiresprinklerguide.com. n

Calendar October FREE HEALTH INSURANCE QUTOE FOR AFSA MEMBERS FREE HEALTH INSURANCE QUTOE FOR AFSA MEMBERS Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc. has been marketing health insurance programs to members of AFSA. Based on our experience, we provide a number of options that are efficient, cost effective and Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc. (MMIC) has been marketing health insurance designed to meet the true needs of AFSA members. programs to members of AFSA. Based on our experience, we provide a number of options that are efficient, cost effective and designed to meet the true needs of AFSA members. Both small business and individual are looking for ways to minimize health insurance cost. AFSA members are able to obtain a no cost, no obligation quote that they can compare to their existing program. Both small business and individual are looking for ways to minimize health insurance cost. AFSA members are able to obtain a no-cost, no-obligation quote that they can compare to Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc. has the expertise to provide competitive health insurance their existing program. options for AFSA members. We look forward to the opportunity of quoting health insurance for your review. Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc. has the expertise to provide competitive health To get a free no obligation quote go to www.mmicinsurance.com: insurance options for AFSA members. We look forward to the opportunity of quoting health insurance for your review. 1) Health Insurance Quote for Individual and/or Family – click Proposal Request Form for Individual and Families. To get a free no obligation quote go to www.mmicinsurance.com: 2) Group Health Insurance – click Proposal Request Form for Group (2 or more employees). 1. Health Insurance Quote for Individual and/or Family – click Proposal Request Form for All health Insurance quotes will be e-mailed within 48 hours. Individual and Families. 2. Group Health Insurance – click Proposal Request Form for Group (two or more employees). Any question just e-mail or call toll-free. Ed Sterczek All health Insurance quotes will be emailed within 48 hours. Any questions just email Mass Marketing Insurance Consultants, Inc. mmic@mmicinsurance.com or call toll-free 800-349-1039.

66 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

2-13 AFSA Beginning Fire Sprinkler System Planning School Dallas, TX firesprinkler.org/schools

16 ITM Inspector Development Program Live Webinar Kick-Off firesprinkler.org/ITM

November 6-17 AFSA Beginning Fire Sprinkler System Planning School Dallas, TX firesprinkler.org/schools Seminars subject to change. Call (214) 349-5965 to confirm locations and times. For information on Chubb and/or OSU programs, visit firesprinkler.org and click on “Training Calendar.”

eck Ch 4” Double old style

CHAPTER NEWS Carolinas The 14th Annual North Carolina/South Carolina Joint Convention & Trade Show was held April 19-21, 2017 at the Marriott Grande Dunes in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Attendance this year was the largest in a decade, and most arrived in time to partake of fun, food, fellowship and a touch of the bubbly at the social mixer on Wednesday evening. A live band complimented the perfect weather and all enjoyed the opportunity to relax and enjoy a good meal with friends, family and the “extended family” that has become the mainstay of this annual event. Thursday was highlighted by seminars, vendor exhibition, and luncheon, and the seminar series continued for the full day on Friday. At the conclusion of the seminars on Friday a side-by-side burn was held in the hotel parking lot. The burn was open to the public and was well attended with media coverage from two local TV stations. The culmination of the convention was the dinner and awards on Friday night. Keith Matheny, motivational speaker, entertained and enlightened the group immediately after dinner with an array of anecdotes and life lessons. The highlight of the awards ceremony was the recognition of Carlton R. (Carl) Jackson, president of Sunland Fire Protection, as the 2017 recipient of the Calvin B. Morrow Award. This award is the highest honor bestowed by the Carolinas Chapter. Jackson celebrates 38 years in the fire sprinkler industry this year, having worked for Williams Fire Sprinkler in Williamston, North Carolina; Worsham Sprinkler in Charlotte, North Carolina; and currently serves as president of Sunland Fire Protection in High Point, North Carolina. He considers himself fortunate to have always worked for companies that believe in and strongly support the AFSA on a local level. All three companies have encouraged him to be active in the Carolinas Chapter and allowed him the time to get involved. Congratulations, Carl! On May 2, 2017, the Carolinas Chapter provided an NFPA 25 course for Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) that is accredited by the North Carolina Code Officials Qualification Board. The event was held in Wilson, North Carolina, and the instructors were David Boone with Strategic Connections and Steve Hensley, PE with James M. Pleasants Company (both Carolinas Chapter members and Board-approved instructors). In addition to standard handouts and audiovisual presentations, the Carolinas Chapter demonstration 68 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Carl Jackson is flanked by past recipients of the Calvin B. Morrow Award. (from l to r): Jeffrey Dunn (2014), Jackson, Joe Collins (2008), and Paul Hensley (2003).

The Carolinas Chapter demonstration trailer was used during its NFPA 25 course for AHJs.

The North Carolina/South Carolina Joint Convention & Trade Show in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina was a great success. trailer was utilized for “hands-on” application of the subject matter. There were registrations from 14 different inspection jurisdictions with some traveling up to 200 miles to earn CE credits for their fire certificate. James M. Pleasants Company sponsored a full buffet lunch and, after the conclusion of the event, the Carolinas Chapter sponsored a side-byside burn demonstration for both attendees and the general public. The burn demo garnered media attention and local coverage from several news outlets. The entire event was a great success!

Pictured with Connecticut Chapter Chairman Rick Russo are the 2017 winners of the ABC Pro Construction Rodeo Fire Sprinkler Apprentice Competition (from l to r): First Place Zachary Harbec, AL Fire Protection; Second Place Brandon Nye, AL Fire Protection; Third Place Dave Pappas, Central CT Fire Protection.

Connecticut The chapter again participated in the ABC Pro Construction Rodeo this May, with the chapter’s fire sprinkler demonstration trailer activations both days of the event. This annual event is an action-packed, handson, ground-breaking event for the construction industry in New England. In 2017, over 1,300 high school students attended. Features include a Construction Career Day and a hands-on trade show with exhibits both days showcasing the following trades: plumbing, HVAC, sprinkler, and electrical. An important event is the Fire Sprinkler Apprentice Competition, with chapter members actively involved in constructing the structures for the competition and transporting them to the event site. Congratulations to the 2017 winners! On August 9, 2017, the Connecticut Codes

ing Code, requiring them to install residential fire sprinklers. The full Connecticut Codes and Standards Committee will vote these changes at its October meeting and the new Connecticut Building Code will go in effect in the Spring of 2018. We hope that this vote will lead to adoption of the requirement to install fire sprinklers in all new one- and two-family homes in the next code cycle.

and Standards Residential Sub-Committee voted in include townhouses in the adoption of the 2015 International Residential Build-

AFSA membership. n

Michigan On July 10, the inaugural meeting of the AFSA Michigan Chapter was held at Viking Corporation headquarters in Hastings. There were 35 attendees present, and the Michigan State Fire Marshal was the featured speaker. President Frank Mortl III, CAE and Manager of Chapter Relations Kevin Korenthal also presented on the benefits of

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AFSA MEMBERSHIP New Members The following is a list of new members that have joined as of September 1, 2017. Region 1

Region 2

Region 4

Contractor American Automatic Fire Suppression Inc. Santee, CA

Associate HDTaxCredits, LLC Rapid City, SD

Associate Automated Integration, Inc. Dallas, TX

Designer Gresham Shelton Engineering, PLLC Franklin, TN

MB Metals, Inc. Bellevue, WA

Pump Test & Repair, Inc. Houston,TX

NNE Durham, NC

Beacon Fire Protection Santa Rosa, CA

Contractor Elevation Fire Protection, LLC Denver, CO

Contractor Redline Fire Protection Dallas, TX

Region 6

Code 4 Fire, Inc. Placentia, CA

Express Fire Systems Washougal, WA

Region 5

Facilities Protection Systems Brea, CA

Rogue Fire Protection Medford, OR

Fire Safe Systems, Inc. Redondo Beach, CA

The Fire Group, Inc. Saint Cloud, MN

Iron Mountain Fire Protection, Inc. Sacramento, CA

Summit Companies Fargo, ND

Axcel Fire Systems, Inc. Windsor, CA

McCoy Fire Protection, Inc. Santa Rosa, CA Native Fire Protection Pasadena, CA Orange County Fire Protection Orange, CA

Region 3 Contractor Tomlinson Fire Protection Services LLC Norwich, KS Quality Fire Services Wixom, MI

RBM Fire Protection, Inc. Perris, CA

Contractor Bayside Fire Protection, LLC Owings, MD

AHJ Sigma Engineered Solutions Morrisville, NC Contractor Coastal Fire Protection, LLC Beaufort, SC Excel Fire Sprinkler Co. Roebuck, SC FESS Fire Protection D/B/A Metrolina Sprinkler Company Charlotte, NC FireAway, LLC Oxford, GA

Fusion Fire Protection, LLC Elkridge, MD Regional Fire Protection Hagerstown, MD Designer KNS Sprinkler Design, LLC East Stroudsburg, PA

Region 7 Contractor Accurate Fire Sprinkler Glenburn, ME

International Associate Ruhrpumpen Systems S.A. De C.V. San Pedro Garza Garcia, Nuevo Leon, Mexico Contractor Advanced Concept Fire Protection, Ltd Langley, BC Canada JSE Security Systems, Ltd Accra, Ghana Rapid Fire Protection, Ltd. Chilliwack, BC Canada Westech Fire Protection Systems, Ltd Port Coquitlam, BC Canada Designer Omega Fire Protection Airdrie, AB Canada

L&L Fire Protection Torrington, CT

G.A.S. Fire Protection, Inc. Plant City, FL Premium Power Systems, Inc. Concord, NC

Singleton Fire Protection, Inc. Arleta, CA

LA Fire Protection LLC Manchester, NH Tristar Fire Protection Inc. Lynn, MA

AFSA Chapter Contacts Alberta, Canada Kevin Mozark – Pres. 780-203-5263 Arkansas Coleman Farrar – Chair. 479-986-909 Wallace Reed – Vice Chair. 501-945-2900 Carolinas afsacarolinas.com David Smith – Chair. 828-327-4116 John Turnage – Exec. Dir. 919-624-3456 Chesapeake Bay Jay Zollars – Co-Chair. 410-286-3314 Danielle Fowler – Exec. Dir. 410-635-3022 Connecticut afsact.org Rick Russo – Chair. 203-877-7983 Wendy Callahan – Exec. Dir. 978-855-6495

Florida afsafl.org Chris Johnson – Chair. 800-327-7604 Carolyn Mohr – Exec. Dir. 239-771-3907

Mid-Atlantic afsamac.org Meaghen Wills – Chair. 610-754-7836 Michael Leister– Exec. Dir. 215-362-0700

Ohio Bill Hausman, Chair. 937-859-6198 Don Eckert– Exec. Dir. 513-310-9660

Greater Bay Area Cory Riley – Chair. 510-490-7873 Lorelei Upshaw – Exec. Dir. 925-954-5031

New Jersey Thomas Bowlby Jr. – Chair. 908-226-5313 Robert K. Melofchik – Exec. Dir. 201-741-0056

Greater Kansas City Mark McKenzie – Chair. 913-432-6688 Brett Heinrich– Exec. Dir. 785-825-7710

New Mexico Pete Newstead – Vice Chair. 505-884-2447 Dave Wilson – Exec. Dir. 505-573-6712

Louisiana Linda Biernacki – Chair. 318-688-8800 Mark Taylor - Vice Chair 504-837-0572

North Central Michael Winiecki – Chair. 651-484-5903 Michelle Loren - Exec. Dir. 320-676-3771

Michigan Doug Irvine, Jr.- Chair. 616-784-1644 Frank L. Mortl – Exec. Dir. 517-285-7665

Northern New England Ryan Gadhue – Chair. 802-865-3600 Tim Stone – Exec. Dir. 802-434-2968

Pacific Northwest afsanw.org Tracy Moore – Chair. 425-271-5598 Ron Greenman – Exec. Dir. 253-576-9700 Rocky Mountain Brent Heiner – Chair. 801-544-0363 Adam Millward – Exec. Dir. 801-216-4545 Sacramento Valley sacvalleyafsa.org Bill Gray – Chair. 916-663-3582 Paulene Norwood – Exec. Dir. 916-296-0635 San Diego Ron Aday – Chair. 858-513-4949 Rhonda Hill – Exec. Dir. 858-513-4949

South Carolina scfsa.org Jason Strickland – Chair. 843-664-0077 Jule Buffington – Exec. Dir. 803-951-2800 Southern California Jeff Bridges – Co-Chair. 714-285-0200 Terry Housholder– Co-Chair. 714-632-8646 Amber Barrios - Exec. Dir. 562-833-9492 Vancouver, Canada Alan Thompson – Pres. 778-867-7039 Virginia afsavirginia.com Jack Medovich – Chair. 804-222-1381 George Wagner – Exec. Dir. 757-486-3103 Yankee Roger Piacentini – Chair. 631-689-6869 Joshua Fitzgerald – Exec. Dir. 617-903-3191

AFSA Affiliate Contacts Alabama Affiliate alfiresprinkler.org Charles Bielair – Pres. 334-270-8571 Greg Willis – Exec. Dir. 334-567-4257

70 Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017

Georgia Affiliate georgiafiresprinkler.org Ray Vance – Chair. 404-226-8304 Billy Wood – Exec. Dir. 404-226-8304

Oklahoma Affiliate ofsa.info Gary Field – Chairman 918-266-2416

Texas Affiliate fscatx.org David Stone – Pres. 713-466-9898 Carol McCain – Exec. Dir. 281-361-8069

CONSTRUCTION REPORTS U.S. Construction...

New construction starts in June grew 4% from the previous month to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $679.9 billion, according to Dodge Data & Analytics. Nonresidential building increased 13% in June, strengthening after two months of lackluster activity, and the nonbuilding construction sector rose 8% with the help of elevated activity for electric utilities. However, residential building slipped 4% in June, as both sides of the housing market (single family and multifamily) retreated. Through the first six months of 2017, total construction starts on an unadjusted basis were $342.7 billion, down 4% from the same period a year ago. If the manufacturing plant and electric/utility gas plant categories are excluded, total construction starts during the first half of 2017 would be up 1% from last year.

Monthly Summary of Construction Contract Value Prepared by Dodge Data & Analytics

MONTHLY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT VALUE Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rates, In Millions June 2017 May 2017 % Change Nonresidential Building $249,565 $219,982 +13 Residential Building $274,885 $287,539 -4 Nonbuilding Construction $155,415 $1143,864 +8 Total Construction $679,865 $651,385 +4 THE DODGE INDEX (Year 2000=100, Seasonally Adjusted) June 2017...............144 May 2017.................138 YEAR-TO-DATE CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT VALUE Unadjusted Totals, In Millions 6 Mos. 2017 7 Mos. 2016 % Change Nonresidential Building $118,365 $111,675 +6 Residential Building $148,742 $148,874 -0Nonbuilding Construction $75,624 $97,378 -22 Total Construction $342,731 $357,927 -4

U.S. Construction...

The value of new construction starts in July advanced 6% from the previous month to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $728.1 billion, it was reported by Dodge Data & Analytics. Leading the way was a 26% jump by the nonbuilding construction sector, which reflected an improved level for public works and the start of two massive power plants, located respectively in California and New York. Residential building in July increased 8%, as multifamily housing rebounded after three consecutive monthly declines. Running counter was a 7% slide for nonresidential building following its 14% hike in June, as both office buildings and hotels retreated from Juneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s elevated activity, outweighing a sharp rise for healthcare facilities in July. During the first seven months of 2017, total construction starts on an unadjusted basis were $411.9 billion, down 1% from the same period a year ago. Dampening the year-to-date performance for total construction was a steep 44% decline for the electric utility/gas plant category, even with the two massive power plants reported as July starts. If the electric utility/gas plant category is excluded, total construction starts in this yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s January-July period would be up 3% from a year ago.

Monthly Summary of Construction Contract Value Prepared by Dodge Data & Analytics

MONTHLY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT VALUE Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rates, In Millions July 2017 June 2017 % Change Nonresidential Building $231,232 $249,353 -7 Residential Building $301,088 $279,606 +8 Nonbuilding Construction $195,771 $155,220 +26 Total Construction $728,091 $684,179 +6 THE DODGE INDEX (Year 2000=100, Seasonally Adjusted) July 2017...............154 June 2017..............145 YEAR-TO-DATE CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT VALUE Unadjusted Totals, In Millions 7 Mo. 2017 7 Mo. 2016 % Change Nonresidential Building $142,049 $131,823 +8 Residential Building $175,522 $173,018 +1 Nonbuilding Construction $94,286 $110,644 -15 Total Construction $411,857 $415,485 -1

Canada Construction...

June CANADATA Y-T-D Figures on Construction Starts

July CANADATA Y-T-D Figures on Construction Starts

Types of Construction

June

TOTAL CANADA 2017 2016 ($ Millions) Offices 32,028 91,419 Retail Misc. 6,620 50,006 Hospitals/Clinics 47,255 17,275 Educational 513,317 581,491 Manufacturing 13,449 17,315 Water and Sewage 1,818,756 355,089 Roads 890,954 1,167,619 Power Infrastructure 27,395 5,173,113 Bridges 135,892 76,2830 ALL CONSTRUCTION 7,719,705 12,068,264 *Start figures are also available for many more categories of construction and according to provincial, city and county levels of regional detail. CanaData is a statistics-gathering and forecasting agency for the construction industry and is a part of CMD Canada, (416)-758-6400.

July

TOTAL CANADA 2017 2016 ($ Millions) Offices 40,676 28,901 Retail Misc. 20,466 5,019 Hospitals/Clinics 48,199 317,423 Educational 450,239 369,839 Manufacturing 122,755 15,574 Water and Sewage 192,895 225,897 Roads 591,492 600,441 Power Infrastructure 25,408 154,289 Bridges 124,785 171,836 ALL CONSTRUCTION 4,579,679 5,315,120 *Start figures are also available for many more categories of construction and according to provincial, city and county levels of regional detail. CanaData is a statistics-gathering and forecasting agency for the construction industry and is a part of CMD Canada, (416)-758-6400. Sprinkler Age | September/October 2017 71

PEOPLE IN THE NEWS

Dunn

Schulz

Molina

Dunn Elected State Board Chairman Jeffrey Dunn, president of Carolina Fire Protection, Inc., Dunn, North Carolina has been elected chairman of the North Carolina State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Contractors effective April 25, 2017. He was appointed as the fire sprinkler contractor member in 2012 and elected as vice chairman in 2016. Dunn holds a fire sprinkler installation contractor license. Reliable Automatic Sprinkler Co., Inc. Announces New Sales Team Members Vince Molina is the new outside sales representative for Reliable Automatic Sprinkler Co. in Southern California. He is helping to serve customers in a region that stretches from Los Angeles to Fresno. With over 20 years of experience in sales and management in the fire protection industry Vince has established countless professional relationships and an outstanding reputation. Ryan Schulz is the new regional sales representative responsible for the Northern California and Northern Nevada markets. Based out of Reliable’s San Leandro (San Francisco) Distribution Center, Schulz will report to Ed LaCoste, western regional manager. For more details, visit reliablesprinkler.com.

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IAFC Foundation Announces Scholarships The International Association of Fire Chiefs Foundation (IAFCF), committed to strengthening future leaders through higher education, announces its 2017 scholarship award recipients. The Foundation is pleased to award 44 scholarships for 2017. This was made possible by the contributions and support of IAFC Foundation donors. Recipients of IAFC Foundation named scholarships are: • The Arthur J. Glatfelter Memorial Scholarship, made possible by a generous endowment from the Glatfelter Insurance Group and VFIS, is presented to Captain Pabel Troche, Roswell Fire Department in Georgia. • The Chief Charles A. “Chet” Henry Memorial Scholarship, made possible with support from VFIS, for exceptional commitment to public service, is presented to Lieutenant Cameron Stewart, Shoreline Fire Department in Washington. • The Garry L. Briese Scholarship, made possible with support from the Motorola Solutions Foundation, is presented to Ms. Elizabeth Hayes, Memorial Volunteer Fire Company in Delaware. • The Heather Westphal Memorial Scholarship, created in memory of the IAFC’s Membership Marketing Manager and benefiting women in the fire service, is presented to Shift Commander Karen Tapper, Ames Fire Department in Iowa. In addition, the following individuals will receive educational scholarships: Robert Adcock, Lieutenant, Grand Prairie Fire Department (TX); John Aniello, Firefighter, New Canaan Fire Department (NY); Efrain Bautista, Lieutenant, Weslaco Fire Department (TX); John Bostwick, Fire Chief, Cedar Falls Fire Rescue (IA); Kevin Brow, Engineer/Paramedic, Frankfort Fire Protection District (IL); William Brown, Captain, Grand Rapids Fire Department (MI); Andrew Cavanaugh, Lieutenant, Wilmington Fire Department (DE); Frank Chojnacki, Firefighter Homer Township Fire Protection District (IL); James Clement, Captain, Myrtle Beach Fire Department (SC); Nicolas Coutsouvanos, Lieutenant, Boynton Beach Fire Rescue (FL); Michael Cronin, Firefighter, West Point Fire & Emergency Services (NY); Anthony Dennis, Captain, Mount Pleasant Fire Department (SC); John Elliott, Lieutenant, Cobb County Fire and Emergency Services (GA); Nathan Gac, Battalion Chief, Elk Grove Village Fire Department (IL); Shawn Genung, MPO/Engineer/Paramedic, Janesville Fire Department (WI); Kyle Hagan, Firefighter, Orion Township Fire Department (MI); Shane Hall, Fire Apparatus Operator, Alpharetta Fire and Emergency Services (GA); Brian Harbison, Captain, Belvidere Fire (IL); Megan Hoover, Firefighter, Orange County Fire Rescue (FL); James Johnston II, Captain, City of Elko Fire Department (NV); Lindsay Judah, Fire Specialist Instructor, Tallahassee Fire Department (FL); Merritt Kearns, Captain, Statesboro Fire Department (GA); Anthony LaFemina, Firefighter, Darien-Woodridge Fire District (IN); Scott Lessard, Lieutenant, North Kingstown Fire Department (RI); Tracy Lowry, Firefighter/ EMT-A, Germantown Fire Department (TN); Andrew Morrow, Firefighter/Paramedic, Biddeford Fire Department (ME); Dusty Qualls, Captain, Rogers Fire Department (AR); Taan Robrahn, Captain, Sun Valley Fire Department (ID); Joseph Ruffennach, Captain, Midway Fire Rescue (SC); Joseph Schimanski, Firefighter/Paramedic, North Chicago Fire (IL); Amy Shultz, Firefighter/EMT, Green Valley Fire District (AZ); George Sorge, Lieutenant, Norwich Township Fire Department (OH); Jacob Stuart, Fire Apparatus Driver/Operator, Baltimore County Fire Department (MD); Jeremy Stukel, Lieutenant/Paramedic, Frankfort Fire Protection District (IL); Kevin Uthe, Captain, Homer Township Fire Protection District (IL); and Brian Wells, Firefighter, City of Edwardsville (KS). The IAFC Foundation provides scholarships that make it possible for fire and EMS first responders to access the advanced learning opportunities necessary to prepare for today’s complex world. For more information about the Foundation and to donate, please visit iafcf.org. n

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