 Social

processing and packaging along with marketing and consumption that are in-city processes. - Increase in entrepreneurial activities, communal initiatives and NGO‘s. - Creation of jobs, providing new lines of employment and income for the urban poor as well as to people who migrate to urban areas in search of jobs. - Reduction in food costs and availability of affordable food to all segments of the population.

 Social:

- There emerges an increase in social and emotional wellbeing of the society as a whole. - Community social life in encouraged by all individuals getting involved in farming practices and producing food for the other. Social interaction is promoted. - Urban agriculture gives individuals an opportunity to interact with nature, as a result of which they have decreased levels of stress and there is an increased overall mental health

- Urban gardens and CPULs offer quiet places of retreat and contemplation n a busy town. They offer tranquil spaces that improve mental peace. - Social networks within the city could be forged through providing communities with gardens and green space that offers a ‗symbolic focus‘ and helps fostering neighbourhood pride. - Many cities have inadequate and unequal access to good food. In such cases, individuals taking up the process of food production into their own hands have a sense of independence and empowerment. Their selfreliance and self-esteem would also rise as a result.

- Community gardens could supply food, not only for themselves but also for disadvantaged groups and other communities. Surplus food produced