Anthony Griffin: 'Touching Theft' annotated by Deb Houlding by Skyscript / STA

Contents: Retyped and annotated edition of Anthony Griffin’s 17th-century text: Works cited in annotations: Appendices: A: Anthony Griffin & 17th Century Theft Charts B: Indictment against Lilly (1655) C: Lilly’s report of the 1655 charge D: Extract from King James I Witchcraft Act of 1604 E: Miscellaneous Historical Horaries on Fugitives and Thefts

p.1 p.30 p.31 p.32 p.33 p.34 p.35

Notes on this edition The following text is carefully retyped from a facsimile edition of the 1665 original, a copy of which is housed in the Bodleian library, Oxford, England (Wing, G1981). The digital facsimile was originally published on Paulo Alexandre Silva’s medieval astrology website Astrologia Medieval (retrieved June 2011), but since that site has since dissapeared a copy is now hosted on Skyscript at: https://www.skyscript.co.uk/pdf/Griffin.pdf This edition aims to give a faithful representation of Griffin’s content whilst incorporating amendments that allow the text to continue to serve as an instructional treatise for modern astrologers. Spellings have been updated, capitalisation and grammar have been made consistent to modern standards, the contents index has been moved from the back to the start of the book, and the superfluous use of the word ‘that’ has been avoided where its removal leaves no impact upon the text meaning (e.g., the phrase “If that the Moon doth behold her own house,” is rendered “If the Moon beholds her own house”). The original 85-page text is very loosely formatted, with most sentences treated as a new paragraph. In this edition, paragraph structure has been amended where it makes sense to keep related points together. For the purpose of easy cross reference, the page numbers of the 1665 text are marked throughout. Where a paragraph break has been omitted the break is indicated by a small vertical line: |. Omitted page breaks are indicated by a larger vertical line: |. Annotations have also been added to clarify the use of archaic terms. In a few places, words have been inserted, either for clarification or because these appear to be obvious typographical omissions. Such insertions are indicated by the use of square brackets [ ], differentiating them from Griffin’s bracketed insertions which are marked by round brackets ( ), as they appear in the original.

GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

AN ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT Wherein is demonstrated most incomparable secrets according to the best rules in art. First how to find out or discover theft or thieves too much used in this nation, to the great damage of many people. Secondly to discover fugitives and beasts lost or strayed &c. Compendiously set forth for the good of all people especially those that are not enemies to this noble art.

A piece not before extant. By Anthony Griffin, student in astrology. Ex astris optimæ est haurienda scientia [‘Knowledge is best drawn from the stars’] London, printed by Peter Lillicrap 1665

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

TO His much Honoured Friend

Mr. CHARLES CHIP, The author wishes all happiness in this world, and eternal felicity in the world to come. Sir, I made bold to dedicate this small piece to you, though somewhat a stranger to you at present, yet being desired by a faithful friend of yours, who informed me of the great respect you owe to Art, I could do | no less. Therefore good sir, let me crave your pardon in this my presumption, and let me desire you to pass by my imbecilities, which I do not fear but that you will, when you have seriously considered my minority and how hard a matter it is to comprehend the profundity of this sublime science. And now to let you understand what moved me here to make myself public is the true love that I owe to my country, and I hope most will receive benefit by these my weak endeavours, and upon this account only. I have presumed to make known to the world this little tract of astrology touching theft, knowing it must pass the censure of various capacities, and from the unskilled I expect blots, but from the judicious a friendly connection, and if at last it may be crowned with your protection, my expectation is fully answered. Who faithfully | desires to subscribe himself, Sir, your devoted servant for ever to command, Anthony Griffin.

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

To the Judicious READER Reader, When I did seriously consider what mischief is done by thieves and cheaters, I could do no less but make public this little treatise touching theft, &c. Wherein astrologically is plainly laid down some very excellent rules of art experimentally amplified, easy to be understood by the meanest capacity, and certainly will be of much advantage, not only to those who are well-versed in this most sublime science: but to most others that are desirous to | be instructed therein. And for the better understanding I have here showed you whether the figure at the time of the question is radical or not: that you may not deceive yourselves nor the querent, but certainly direct him how to find the thief or goods stolen, &c. And sometimes it doth so happen that many things are mislaid, and not out of the querent’s house, but he judges it stolen because theft is so much practiced by servants, &c. Therefore I have demonstrated to thy view whether it be stolen or remain in the house; (if so) in what part thereof it may probably be found. But if the goods are stolen, I have showed thee the best rules how to describe the thief or thieves, which way they live, strangers or familiars, &c. Likewise concerning beasts, if they are stolen or strayed, and fugitives, with many other matters very useful and beneficial, to all that are students | in this art, viz. judicial astrology. So courteous reader, let me desire thee to pardon my imbecilities, and if God permit me with life and health, I shall furnish thee with another piece treating of the judgment of all horary questions, more particular than any yet extant; and to all carping critics and fantastical censurers I thus make them an answer, Ut ignavi canes1 Omnibus ignotis, Allatrant ita barbari; Quicquid non intelligunt Carpunt at damnant. Thine Anthony Griffin.

Replacing caves, which appears to be a typo, with canes. This replicates a quote used by the 16th century theologian and humanist Desiderius Erasmus (Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami Opera omnia: emendatiora et avctiora, ad optimas editiones praecipve qvas ipse Erasmus postremo cvravit svmma fide exacta, Volume 1; curâ & impensis Petri Vander Aa, 1703; p.612). Erasmus reads: Ut ignavi canes omnibus ignotis allatrant: Ita barbari quicquid non intelligunt carpunt ac damnant. Roughly: ‘Just as cowardly dogs bark at everything unfamiliar, so barbarians snipe and condemn whatever they do not understand’. 1

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

CONTENTS Original page number

1 .......... 3 .......... 4 .......... 8 .......... 11 ....... 12 ....... 13 ....... 17 ....... 18 ....... 22 ....... 25 ....... 27 ....... 28 ....... 31 ....... 32 ....... 33 ....... 35 ....... 37 ....... 39 ....... 39 ....... 41 ....... 42 ....... 43 ....... 46 ....... 46 ....... 48 ....... 49 ....... 54 ....... 57 ....... 59 ....... 60 ....... 61 ....... 61 ....... 62 ....... 63 ....... 63 ....... 67 ....... 68 ....... 68 ....... 69 ....... 70 ....... 72 ....... 73 ....... 74 ....... 74 ....... 76 ....... 77 ....... 80 ....... 83 ....... 83 ....... 85 .......

page number in this text

First to know whether the figure be radical or not ..................................................................................... 5 Concerning theft or any other thing lost .......................................................................................................... 5 Choice tokens that the goods are not stolen ................................................................................................... 5 To know in what part of the house the thing missing is in ...................................................................... 7 That the goods are stolen ........................................................................................................................................ 7 How to find out the significator of the thief ................................................................................................... 8 A description of the thief by Saturn in any of the 12 signs ...................................................................... 8 A short description of the other planets Jupiter, Mars, Sol, Venus and Mercury ............................. 9 A description of the thief by the Moon being in any of the 12 signs .................................................... 9 The marks of the thief ........................................................................................................................................... 10 Whether the thief be of the family of the querent or not ...................................................................... 11 Which of the house may be suspected for the theft ................................................................................. 12 Whether the thief be of the kindred of the querent, or some neighbour, friend or stranger. 12 To know how many thieves there are ........................................................................................................... 12 To know whether the thief be a man or woman ....................................................................................... 13 How to know the age of the thief ..................................................................................................................... 13 To know whether the thief be in town or not ............................................................................................. 14 Whether the goods be with or near the querent ....................................................................................... 14 To know which way the thief dwells from the querent ......................................................................... 14 Tokens of the thief’s house ................................................................................................................................. 15 Of the distance of place……………….................................................................................................................... 15 Whether the thief shall be known or not ...................................................................................................... 15 Whether the thief hath the goods in his own keeping or to whom he hath delivered them….... 15 Whether the thief shall be taken or not? ....................................................................................................... 16 Whether the suspected party be guilty or not............................................................................................. 16 That the party suspected is not guilty ........................................................................................................... 16 Tokens that the goods lost shall be recovered ............................................................................................ 17 The time when the goods stolen or missing shall be found .................................................................. 18 Choice tokens that the goods stolen shall not be recovered ................................................................ 18 Of friendship and hatred between the querent and the thief .............................................................. 19 Whether the thief be beloved of his neighbours or not ......................................................................... 19 That the querent is thief himself ...................................................................................................................... 19 That the thief and querent be both in one house ...................................................................................... 19 Whether the thief be married or not .............................................................................................................. 19 A scheme erected concerning a house robbed in the Minories ............................................................ 20 Judgment upon the foregoing figure................................................................................................................ 21 Concerning the distance........................................................................................................................................ 24 Concerning beasts or any living thing lost or strayed ............................................................................. 25 First the beasts are not stolen but strayed ................................................................................................... 25 That the cattle are driven away or stolen. .................................................................................................... 25 Where the beasts are. ............................................................................................................................................. 25 Whether the beasts be in the pound or no.................................................................................................... 26 Whether the beast be dead or alive ................................................................................................................. 26 To know if the beasts be lost............................................................................................................................... 26 Whether the beasts shall be had again or not ............................................................................................. 26 Concerning fugitives: How to find out the significator of a fugitive .................................................. 27 Whether the fugitive will be found or come again. ................................................................................... 27 Where the fugitive is............................................................................................................................................... 28 To know the distance between the querent and the fugitive ............................................................... 28 Another distance ...................................................................................................................................................... 29 A table of the essential dignities of the planets according to Ptolemy ............................................... 29

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

AN ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT, &c

First to know whether the figure be radical or not If the lord of the ascendant and the lord of the hour be both of one triplicity, the figure is radical and judgment may safely be given. Example: If Aries ascends and Mars be lord of the hour, the figure is radical; the | same if Cancer, Scorpio, or Pisces ascends, Mars governing that triplicity. If Sagittarius or Pisces ascends and Jupiter be lord of the hour, the figure is radical; and thus observe of all the rest: which by your own discretion you may easily find out. When the latter degrees of a sign ascend, it is not safe to give judgment unless the age, corporature, and complexion of the querent doth agree with the degrees ascending. Also when the second, third, fourth, or fifth degrees of a sign ascends, chiefly in signs of short ascension, it is not safe to give judgment unless the querent be young and short in stature.2 | Likewise if the Moon be in the first degrees of a sign or else in the latter, give no judgment, for the querent comes to try thee and likewise for deceit.3 3 Likewise if the Moon be unfortunate | or be void of course, or if Scorpio do ascend, or if the Dragon’s Tail be in the first or seventh house, or if the fortunes and infortunes be of equal strength; all these do signify errors in judgment, and an unlucky end of the question. Narrowly observe whether the seventh house or his lord be afflicted, for then it is an argument that the artist shall not gain credit by the question, for the seventh house signifies the artist himself. 2

Now I shall begin concerning theft or any other thing lost When a question is propounded concerning theft, it is very convenient to examine the figure and see whether the thing enquired after be stolen or not, or whether it be in the querent’s house or not, which may be discerned several ways, as thus: 4

Choice tokens that the goods are not stolen If neither the lord of the house of the Moon, or the lord of the house of the second separate themselves one from another, nor any planet from [them], then the thing enquired after is in its own place. If the disposer of the Moon and the lord of the ascendant be in conjunction, then is the thing missing in the house of the querent. If the lord of the ascendant did separate from Jupiter, or from the lord of the second, then did the querent lay it down and forget it. If the lord of the hour be in the ascendant, the thing wanting is not stolen but in the querent’s house. Stature: height. See ‘about Anthony Griffin’ for why caution is particularly necessary for charts of this kind. For earlier precedents of the considerations see Bonatti, p.273ff. consideration7; p.348ff. consideration 143; and p.353ff. 2

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If Cancer ascends and the Moon be in the fourth, and the lord of the | second be in the seventh, or in the sign of the eighth, at a sextile or trine to the Moon, then the thing enquired after is not stolen, but taken away in jest. If the Moon be in the seventh, in the sign of the lord of the hour, the lord of the hour being lord of the seventh, the goods are not taken away, but over-looked and mistaken. If the lord of the ascendant and the lord of the hour be in conjunction, the thing enquired after is not stolen. If the lord of the hour, the lord of the fourth, planet in the fourth, the Moon or her dispositor, any of these significators being joined near together doth argue that the goods are not stolen but near the querent. 6 Having found whether the goods be in the house or not, now I shall | show you in what part of the house you may discover them in. First I shall show what places every sign doth represent. Aries A place where small beasts are kept, as sheep and such like. In houses, the roof, plastering or covering of the house; kitchens, slaughterhouses, backhouses, houses of office;4 chimneys, fireplaces; a distilling house, brew house, or a place where iron is wrought on. Taurus A stable of great beasts and places where implements of cattle are laid up; low grounds and cellars, and ground newly taken in, pastures, and sowed lands. Gemini Upper rooms, chests, trunks, walls and plasterings of the house, storehouses, hay-lofts, and barns; hills, and mountains. Cancer Wells, cellars, trenches, cisterns, a place where water is kept or doth stand, great waters, rivers | marshy grounds, ditches with rushes and all kind of moist and slabby5 places. Leo Fire places [such] as chimneys, stoves, furnaces, ovens; many times a place where a dog is kept; a stable, a park or forest, or ground newly taken in. Virgo Studies, closets, coffers,6 chests, trunks, cupboards; dairy-houses, a resting place for women; warehouses, a place of great cattle, as horses, oxen, calves, &c. Libra Grounds near windmills, outhouses, sides of hills, tops of mountains, a place of hawking or hunting; in houses high chambers, garrets, one chamber within another. Scorpio Sinks, kitchens, washhouses, a place of creeping venomous beasts, quaggy and stinking grounds; ruinous houses, caves and prisons, and likewise gardens, orchards, and vineyards. 8 Sagittarius A stable of great beasts, [such] as horses, cows, oxen; and in houses | upper rooms where fire is or hath been kept. Capricorn A place where old tools for husbandry7 are laid up, dark places; in houses near the ground or threshold. Aquarius Roofs or eaves in houses, hilly grounds newly dug, a place of running waters full of pits, and grounds where no house is nigh8 them. Pisces Watery grounds, springs, rivers, water mills, moats about houses, wells, pumps, cisterns, conduits, and places where water is kept. Note if the Moon be significator and in Pisces, then the thing is hidden in a well. 5

Houses of office: places devoted to household chores, though this was also a 17th-century term for toilets. Slabby: moist or muddy; from the Scandinavian slabb ‘mire’ or slabba ‘to wade in mud’. 6 Coffers: storage box or wicker basket (from the Latin cophinus: ‘basket’). 7 Husbandry: farming; household repairs and management. 8 Nigh: archaic word for ‘near’. 4 5

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To know in what part of the house the thing missing is in First, consider the sign ascending and the sign the lord of the ascendant is in, and in what 9 quarter; secondly, the sign the lord of the second is in; | thirdly, the sign of the fourth and the sign the lord of the fourth is in, and the planet in the fourth; fourthly, the sign the Moon is in; fifthly, the sign where the Part of Fortune is; sixthly, the sign the lord of the hour is in; and collect all these testimonies together and according to the major testimony so judge.9 Example: If the major part of these testimonies be airy signs, it is in some chamber, garret, or eaves of the house, or in some hayloft; and so judge of all the rest. If the principal significator or the major part of these be dropping betwixt10 two signs, the thing missing is fallen down betwixt two rooms, or between the wainscot11 and walls, or dropped between some slit or hole or the like. 10 Note that earthy signs signify near the earth, low places in houses, cellars, low rooms, storehouses for corn and hay, places where old tools for husbandry are laid up, dark places, or the ground near the threshold, or the like. | In fiery signs, where fire is kept. | In watery signs, where water is kept; a sink or some moist place, or a place near some cistern, or where water doth constantly stand. ~= East

Ä=

Å=

Ç=

South West by North by east south

É=

Ñ=

East by South north by west

Ö= West

Ü=

á=

North East by by east south

à=

â=

ä=

South West by North north by west

This table doth show what part every sign doth signify, and by it you may know in what part of the house the goods are in; likewise it may direct the querent to what part the thief is gone, which afterwards will be described more at large.12

That the goods are stolen

If the lord of the house of the Moon, or lord of the second do separate from any planet, it is stolen. If a peregrine planet give virtue to the Moon, or the Moon to him,13 it is stolen. If the lord of the ascendant do give virtue to the significator of the thief, it is stolen. If the significator of the thief [i.e., 7th-house ruler] be peregrine, it is stolen. If the significator of the thief be in conjunction, or aspect the lord of the ascendant by quartile or opposition, it is stolen. If the significator of the thief behold the Moon by quartile or conjunction, it is stolen. If any planet be in the ascendant and give virtue to the significator of the thief, it is stolen. 12 If a peregrine planet be in the ascendant or second house, it is stolen. | If the Part of Fortune or his lord be unfortunate, it is stolen. | If none of these aforesaid testimonies be, it is not stolen. | But nevertheless, in your figure exactly observe and compare the testimonies for not stolen and those testimonies for stolen, and see which is weightiest and accordingly give judgment. This gives the method William Lilly says he laboured to originate (cf. Christian Astrology, hereafter CA, p.203). Betwixt: archaic word for ‘between’. 11 Wainscot: the lining of an interior wall – usually wooden panelling. 12 See also: To know which way the thief dwells from the querent (Griffin’s text, p.38) and accompanying footnote. 13 Usually, a planet is said to give its virtue to another when it is dignified and so able to effectively commit its influence to the planet it is joined to (cf. Alcabitius, III.18, p.99; Sahl 2008, p.21). Clearly, this cannot apply to a peregrine planet. Some sources describe virtue being given when a planet is joined to its own dispositor (Alcabitius, III.17, p.99) or to a planet located in one of its own dignities (Bonatti, p.215; Lilly, CA, p.200). Griffin may be using the phrase in a casual way, to simply mean one planet aspecting another; however, his later remarks (see Griffin’s text, pp.44-45), that the thief’s significator giving his virtue to the lord of the ascendant shows restoration of the goods “according to the dignity or virtue he gives to the lord of the ascendant” suggests that some form of reception or committal of dignity is expected. 9

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

How to find out the significator of the thief The significator of the thief is a planet peregrine in any of the four angles or second house; if not, take the lord of the seventh, for he is the significator of the thief. 13

A description of the thief by Saturn in any of the 12 Signs Saturn in Aries: Saturn in Taurus:

Saturn in Gemini:

Saturn in Cancer: Saturn in Leo: Saturn in Virgo:

Saturn in Libra:

Saturn in Scorpio:

Saturn in Sagittarius:

Saturn in Capricorn:

Saturn in Aquarius:

Saturn in Pisces:

the thief hath a hoarse voice, high forehead, great and full face, almost black eyes, small hair on his chin but thick on his head. a large great forehead, an ill-favoured countenance, and looking downwards; very sad and melancholy, and an inconstant person having a thick nose. the thief is moderate in his manners, betwixt wickedness and gentleness to them that are in his company, | one of a fair voice and a very well-spoken person, and gives good counsel, and he esteems much of himself; broad shoulders, a small waist, his beard of the common fashion, and but little hair on his head. black eyes, a small face, a broad great forehead, a great space betwixt his eyes; and one that is an inconstant person. a lean face, hollow eyes, a thick neck, great arms, broad shoulders, and looking downwards; one that is very forgetful. a great head, and his hands very | hairy; one of a profound judgment yet inconstant in mind. a great and a large forehead, long neck, black hair, his nose stretches out, and often the nails of his hands goes off, and he is one well descended. a long and narrow forehead, sowl14 great shoulders and feet, a high stiff neck, the whole body in general but mean,18 generally in this sign he hath much hair upon his head. an indifferent great body and straight; a great nose, and a great countenance; his neck thick and | hairy, likewise a great mocker. a long face and yellowish; a sharp voice, a straight forehead, thick feet and hands, and likewise very rough and hairy, and a stammering in his speech. a great head, round eyes, a thin face towards his chin, and his employment mostly in moistness, [such] as a dyer, shipwright, or a fisherman, &c. being strong and fortunate by good aspects, he is a man of a good descent, and a noble gentleman born, though Saturn be evil of himself, yet in this sign he hath the similitude of good manners, | great eyes, unequal teeth, one of little speech, drawing his words, as though it were, with his tongue, and swift of body.

Sowl: ‘dragging’ (from the Medieval English word sowle, ‘to drag down’).

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A short description of the other planets: Jupiter, Mars, Sol, Venus, and Mercury Furthermore, if the significator be Jupiter, and in the place of Saturn, it doth signify a white mixed with yellow, if a man, he hath a round beard. If either man or woman they have some darker sight than ordinary;15 one of some gentility. If Mars be significator in the place of Jupiter, the thief shall be of a yellowish complexion drawing to redness; a round face, a long and sharp chin; his brows bent like a bow or horn of the Moon, whose end doth reach to his nose; a thin beard; light and swift of going about 3818 his own matters, one of a | sharp wit and very bold, and confident. If the Sun be significator and in the place of Mars, the thief is of a whitish brown, a very round face, a singer, a tailor or a butcher. If Venus be significator in the place of the Sun, he or she is white, and void of all blots or marks, and hath an honest and comely16 countenance, very comely-eyed; wonderful gentle, loving and tender. If Mercury be in the place of Venus and significator, it signifies a thin beard, little hair, of a sandy complexion, somewhat long visaged,17 full of speech and chattering, without reason or discretion, but very ingenious and witty. A description of the thief by the Moon in any of the 12 signs [R in ~]

[R in Ä] [R in Å]

[R in Ç]

[R in É]

The Moon significator of the thief | and in the first half of Aries gives a mean18 stature, a thick ruddish19 coloured hair. In the last half of Aries: mean stature and lean, a great head, high forehead, great eyes, long visage, a long neck, and straight shoulders, &c. The Moon in the first half of Taurus gives the body to be gross:20 but in the last half lean and mean; a fair21 stature, black hair, rough like a thorn bush. The Moon in the first half of Gemini gives the body to be mean and lean, but in the last half gross and thick; a round face, little mouth, long nose, a fair voice, and one of a good counsel. The Moon in the first half of Cancer gives a mean stature and lean, but in the last half somewhat gross and tall, yet somewhat crooked; black eyes somewhat impedited, crooked teeth, and the hair inclining to a dark brown or quite black. The Moon in the first half of Leo, gives a stature [full] and thick;22 in the last half, tall and lean; smooth hair, a smooth face, a little head, yet great eyes, short neck, one that is very rash and of great strength, and likewise a great voice.

Darker sight: impaired vision (as opposed to clear sight). Comely: attractive, desirable, rounded, pleasing to the eye. 17 Visage: face; can sometimes mean general appearance. 18 Mean: used as a description of quantity, ‘mean’ refers to what is considered standard or medium. It can also be used to denote smallness, as in ‘a mean supply’ (based on the use of the word ‘mean’ to imply miserliness and lack of generosity), but cross-reference with other texts shows that Griffin uses it to suggest an average amount. Aries is generally associated with average height, lean body and strong limbs (cf. Lilly, CA, p.93: “A dry body, not exceeding in height, lean or spare, but lusty bones, and the party in his limbs strong, the visage long”). 19 Ruddish: reddish. 20 Gross: large, thickset, heavy, lacking delicacy. 21 Fair: moderately ample, or slightly larger than average. 22 The original text is missing a word between ‘stature’ and ‘and’; my insertion follows Ramesey, p.88: “Leo denotes one of a full and large body in the beginning of the sign; the latter part gives a more spare and lean body”. 15 16

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[R in Ñ]

[R in Ö] [R in Ü]

[R in á]

[R in à]

[R in â]

[R in ä]

The Moon in the first half of Virgo, the body is inclinable to grossness, in the last half, to leanness; small eyes, indifferent long visaged,23 a long neck, much hair and of a brownish colour. The Moon in the first half of Libra gives the body to be gross, in the last half, lean; a mean stature, a long face, long legs, fair voice, of a laughing countenance, a lover of women, and beloved of women. The Moon in the first half of Scorpio gives a mean tall stature, somewhat lean, but in the last half gross; a small face, little mouth, broad thick lips, and very long legs, and of dark auburn coloured hair. The Moon in the first half of Sagittarius gives a tall stature, somewhat lean, but in the last half gross; a fair stature, a long face, a great flat nose, and sometimes canker eaten,24 a sandy coloured hair; and one that delights much in riding, and hath been hurt by some four footed beast, or else by iron, chiefly if the Moon be unfortunate. The Moon in the first half of Capricorn gives a mean stature and lean, but in the last half somewhat gross; a brownish coloured hair, a narrow forehead, thick lips, broad nose, great hands, and his body looks as if it were withered; and one that is very wrathful. The Moon in the first half of Aquarius gives a short mean stature, in the last half mean and lean; one that much uses the water, and hath one leg shorter than the other; and if the Moon be unfortunate, hath been | either hurt by iron, or else had a brand in the hand. The Moon in the first half of Pisces gives a mean stature somewhat gross, but in the last half mean; a great head, round eyes, and a great nose.

The marks of the thief Look to the Moon, and if she be significator and in Scorpio, and unfortunate by Saturn or Mars, and Venus have any aspect by the Moon, the party is hurt in the privy parts by some woman; a Winchester goose,25 generally if the Moon behold the significator of the thief or [the Moon] have any dignities where he is. 23 If the Moon be significator of the | thief and she unfortunate, it shows some defect in the party’s eyesight, chiefly if she be in the ascendant afflicted by Saturn, Mars, or the Sun. If Mercury be significator, and in quartile or opposition of Saturn, it notes the thief to have some impediment in his speech. If Venus be significator and in any [of] the signs of Mars, it notes a woman infamous for whoredom. Venus significator and in quartile or opposition to Mars signifies the like. Venus significator of the thief, and in Leo, or with the Dragon’s Tail, denotes the thief to have a copper nose.26 Saturn or Mars in opposition to the significator of the thief shows that the thief is sick or will be shortly. Indifferent: this can describe just a small amount, so “indifferent long” means “just a little longer than usual”. Canker-eaten: marked by the presence of pock-marks or ulcerations. 25 Winchester goose: the term is used either to describe a prostitute or (as appears to be the case here) a person who suffers from a venereal disease which causes swelling in the groin area. 26 Copper nose: enlargement of the nose with dilation of follicles, redness and prominent vascularity of the skin; often associated with excessive alcohol consumption. 23 24

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Venus significator and void of course gives a mark in the face, or a goggle eye,27 or a wart, but if slow of motion, then | she gives a hollow mould.28 If the Moon have any dignities where a peregrine planet is, then there is a mark where the Moon is, or where that peregrine planet is; the sign will discover in what part of the body it is in. If the Moon be in quartile or opposition to the significator of the thief in the second house, it notes a mark in the neck, if in the third house in the arms and shoulders and so in order, &c. If the Moon be weak or in quartile or opposition to Saturn or Mars, it denotes a mark to be in the sign where the Moon is. If the lord of the sixth be unfortunate, there is a mark in the sign where he is, and likewise in the sign of the cusp of the sixth. 25 Also observe the same method by the sign ascending, and by the sign that | the lord of the ascendant is in. If the lord of the ascendant be unfortunate, then it is certain. If Saturn be unfortunate in the ascendant, [it] gives a bruise or the like in the head or face. Mars unfortunate in the ascendant signifies a cut in the head or face, or else damnified by iron.29 If the Sun be significator and in fiery signs and unfortunate, it doth note a bald head and short curled hair. But unfortunate in watery signs signifies the thief to have a scald head.30 24

Whether the thief be of the family of the querent or not If the lord of the ascendant be in the ascendant in his own sign, then is the querent robbed by himself, probatum est.31 26 If a planet be in the first house and his sign be on the second, then was | the querent robbed by his own counsel.32 If a planet be in the first house, and that planet’s sign be on the third house, and that sign be feminine, say he was robbed by his sister or some kinswoman or some neighbour near him, and so in order of the rest of the houses. If both the luminaries behold the ascendant, the thief is one of the family. The lord of the seventh in the ascendant the same. If the Sun and Moon be both in their own houses, it is one of the family. | But if only one of the lights doth behold the ascendant, the thief is one that is a familiar in the house but does not dwell there. If the lord of the ascendant be joined with a planet near the ascendant, it notes the thief to be a private thief33 in the house. 27 If the lord of the ascendant be in the second or sixth, it is one of the household servants. | If the lord of the sixth be in the second, or in the ascendant, it is a servant belonging to the house. If the lord of the seventh be in the sixth or eighth from his own house, it is a servant, but if in his own house, then some jolly fellow of great name and fame in the house. Goggle eye: large, full and slightly protruding; possibly here meant to describe the eyes rather than one eye. Hollow mould: indentation 29 Damnified: to be deliberately injured, (Latin: damnum ‘harm’ + facere ‘to make’). A reference to someone who had previously been convicted of crime and so was branded with the mark of the thief or vagabond. 30 Scald head (or scaled head): a name given to several diseases of the scalp characterized by pustules (the dried discharge of which forms scales) and falling out of the hair. 31 Probatum est: Latin: literally ‘it is proved’, a phrase Lilly also uses to indicate reliable rules (e.g., CA, p.346). 32 Own counsel: by his own legal or financial advisor, or upon his own advice, or that of a confidante. 33 Private thief: ‘secret thief’; someone who is unsuspected and trusted to be innocent, as opposed to a ‘public thief’ whose criminality is known. The term is defined by Adams p.240: “A private thief is he that without danger of law robs his neighbour; that sets a good face on the matter … a fair cloak hides a damnable fraud”. 27 28

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Which of the house may be suspected for the theft If the Sun be significator, it signifies the father, uncle, grandfather, or master. The Moon, the mother, sister, or nurse, or otherwise some tankard-bearer, or a waterwoman, a charwoman,34 or the like. 28 If Venus, the wife or mistress, chiefly | in the tenth or seventh house. Saturn in the fourth accuses the father; or some old serving man or woman. Jupiter significator, accuses some gentleman of a good family that hath stained the reputation of his kindred, a great wanderer, and is not suspected and probably may be a guest in the house, and of a sanguine complexion.35 Mars significator denotes a brother or apprentice, a son or a daughter of the querent. If Mercury, it is some familiar friend, if he be in the eleventh house; otherwise some runner of errands, or some servant of the house. Whether the thief be of the kindred of the querent, or some neighbour, friend or stranger If the Sun be in opposition to the ascendant, it is an overthwart neighbour.36 29 If the lord of the seventh behold the ascendant by trine or sextile, it is a neighbour. If the Sun and Moon be both in their triplicities, it is a neighbour. If the significator of the thief be in the house or exaltation of the lord of the ascendant, the thief is of the kindred of the querent. The lord of the ascendant being in the house or exaltation of the thief, it denotes kindred. The Sun and Moon beholding each other by a trine aspect, it denotes kindred. The lord of the third or fifth in the ascendant, or applying to the lord of the ascendant denotes kindred. The Sun and Moon both in their faces, the thief doth call the querent cousin. 30 The lord of the ascendant in the second or sixth, the thief is one of | the household servants. The significator of the thief in the ninth house, it is a stranger. The significator of the thief in a moveable sign aspected of the Moon or Mercury, or in their houses, or in any of their dignities, it is a stranger. If the significator be in an angle in the terms of Jupiter or the Sun, the thief is more noble than the querent. If the Sun and Moon be both in the second, third, fourth, fifth, ninth, tenth, or eleventh house, it is signified that one of the house committed the fact. When you find the thief to be one of the household, behold the significator and so judge as I described before. 31 Note that the significator of the thief is a planet peregrine in any of the four angles, but if none be there then take the lord of the seventh, he | is the significator of the thief. To know how many thieves there are The significator of the thief being in a fruitful sign notes more than one thief. The significator of the thief in a double-bodied sign, the same. If the Sun and Moon do behold each other, it signifies the same. Charwoman: cleaning lady (water-woman probably means something like ‘washer-woman’). Sanguine complexion: the complexion is reddish or ruddy, from the Latin sanguineus ‘bloody’ (cf., Lilly, CA, p.21: Jupiter in corporature gives a “brown, ruddy and lovely complexion”). 36 Overthwart: opposing, situated across from, or diametrically opposed to. Could mean a neighbour who opposes the querent’s interests, but may mean a neighbour situated directly across from the querent’s house. 34 35

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If the significator of the thief be in a sign where there is more than one peregrine planet, it notes more thieves than one. The Moon being in the fourth house in a common sign, there is more than one thief. If the Moon and Mercury be in equal signs,37 it notes more thieves than one. 32 So many peregrine planets that there is, but chiefly in the second or seventh | houses, so many thieves there are. | If the significator of the thief be in a fixed sign, it signifies but one thief and no more. | If the Moon be in any angle in a fixed sign, it notes only one thief. If the Moon and Mercury be in unequal signs then there is only one thief. To know whether the thief be a man or a woman If the ascendant be a masculine sign, and the lord of the hour a masculine planet, the thief is a man. | If otherwise, they be feminine, it notes a woman. | If one be masculine and the other feminine, it shows two thieves, viz. a man and a woman. Also, if the significator of the thief be in a masculine sign and the | Moon in a masculine sign, it denotes a man. | If in feminine 3833 signs then a woman. According to the major part of testimonies give judgment. How to know the age of the thief If the Sun be significator of the thief and betwixt the ascendant and the tenth house, but chiefly in Aries, Taurus or Gemini, it notes the thief very young, almost in childhood. | From the tenth house to the seventh house, but chiefly in Cancer, Leo, or Virgo, it signifies youthful years. | From the seventh to the fourth house, chiefly in Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, it signifies the thief is of a middle age. | If the significator of the thief be between the fourth house and the ascendant it signifies old age.38 34 If the significator of the thief | be in the house of Saturn or aspected of him, or in the latter degrees of a sign it signifies age. | If the significator of the thief be direct and a heavy planet, or joined with a heavy planet, it signifies good age, but if retrograde, then old. If the significator of the thief be joined to a planet that is retrograde, it signifies old age. Mars notes middle age, but not so much [age] as Jupiter, nor Jupiter so much as Saturn. The Moon or a peregrine planet in the first degrees of a sign notes youth, in the middle of a sign riper years, in the latter degrees of the sign39 old age. If Mars, Venus, or Mercury be significators of the thief, according as posited in the four quarters of the signs, so give judgment as before directed. 35 The Moon increasing, the thief is | young; the Moon decreasing, the thief is old. | The Moon in the beginning of the month notes young, in the middle of the month middle age, in the end of the month it signifies old age.40 Two peregrine planets that are significators in quartile or opposition of one another, especially from the first to the seventh house, signifies that one thief will accuse another, probatum est. 37 Equal /unequal signs: equal signs are the common/mutable signs: Å, Ñ, á and ä, also known as ‘double’, ‘dualistic’ or ‘bicorporeal’ signs because they are represented by multi-form creatures and so symbolise plurality. They are ‘equal’ as the number two is an equal number. The unequal signs are all the others, which are wholly represented by one single creature, so carry no signification of shared participation (see Manilius, 2.150ff.). 38 This recommendation establishes a rough measure of age by combined reference to the four quarters of the diurnal cycle (ASC àMC = childhood; MCàDSC = youth; DSCàIC=middle age; ICàASC=old age) and the four quarters of the natural zodiac. See Lilly, CA, p.134, for more details of determining age by the diurnal cycle. 39 Replacing the word ‘Moon’ with ‘sign’, as this appears to be a typographical error. 40 The Moon “increasing” means waxing, “decreasing” waning, and references to “the month” refer to the lunar month (or lunar cycle), not the calendar month.

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To know whether the thief be in town or not Behold the significator of the thief, and if you find him in the end of a sign direct, or separating from combustion, or applying to a planet in a cadent house, say that he is gone or 3836 going out of town. | Also if the lord of the ascendant | be in one quarter and the Moon with the significator of the thief be in another above 90 degrees asunder, it denotes the thief is out of town a pretty large distance from the querent. But if they be in angles and applying to planets in angles, then say the thief is no large distance from the querent, more especially if the Sun and Moon be both in one quarter of heaven. If you find the significator of the thief going out of one sign into another, the thief is either gone or going out of town. | Say the same if you find the significator of the thief departing from the Sun’s beams. | And according to the place and quarter that the significator of the thief is in, and likewise the sign that he is in, judge that way he is gone. 37 If the significator of the thief | or one of them be in the angles, he is not gone out of town as yet but is near the querent. | If in succedent houses not far from him, and chiefly if the lord of the ascendant and the Moon be both in one quarter. | If the significator of the thief be in a cadent house, then he is gone far, especially if the lord of the ascendant and the Moon be more than ninety degrees asunder. If the lord of the seventh be in angles with the lord of the second, the thief is not out of the town and parish of the querent. Whether the goods be with or near the querent The lord of the ascendant in an angle, the goods are in his hands.41 | If the lord of the ascendant | and the lord of the hour be both in angles, the goods are in the querent’s hands, Probatum est. | If the lord of the ascendant and the lord of the house of the Moon be both in angles, the goods are in the querent’s hands and are moveable.42 | If any of these lords be in angles, and in trine or sextile to the lord of the ascendant, the goods shall be had again. | If the lord of the ascendant and the lord of the hour be both in succedent houses, the goods are about the owner. | If the lord of the second be in the ascendant, they shall be found and [it is] not known from whence they come. | If the lord of the house of the Moon be moveable, 3839 they are about the owner. | If the lord of the term of the Moon | or the lord of the second house be in succedent houses, they are not far from the owner.

3838

To know which way the thief dwells from the querent Look in what sign and quarter the significator of the thief and the Moon is in, and accordingly judge which way the thief dwells from the querent.43 That is, in or among his own possessions. Compare with Lilly (CA, p.349): “[I]f the lord of the house of the Moon be with the lord of the hour in an angle, the goods are in his hands, and the goods are moveable”. 43 Griffin lists directions of signs on p.10; directions by quarter are shown in the diagram, right (cf. CA, p.364). See also, Griffin’s allocation of directions to triplicities on pp.70-71 and accompanying footnote 82. Signs are associated with directions through triplicity arrangement as follows: 41 42

• • • •

Fire signs are eastern: ~ true east, É east by north, á east by south Water signs northern: Ç true north, Ü north-east, ä north-west Air signs western: Ö true west, Å west by south, â west by north Earth signs southern: à true south, Ä south-east, Ñ south-west

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Tokens of the thief’s house If the Moon be in conjunction, quartile, or opposition of Saturn, the door or gate of the thief is broken or black. | In trine or sextile to Saturn, mended again. 40 The Moon in quartile or opposition of Mars, the door or gate | of the thief’s house is burnt or damnified by iron. | In trine or sextile to Mars, mended again. If the Moon is unfortunate the door is either cracked or broken. | If the Moon be increasing in light or in a fixed sign, his gate or door is part under the earth, or the house stands under a bankside. | The Moon in fixed or moveable signs, he hath but one door. | The Moon in common signs, more than one door. | The Moon in a moveable sign, the gate or door is above earth, viz. a step or two to go up to it. Note in what part of heaven the Moon is in, and in that part of the house the door opens. 41 Of the distance of place

Behold how many degrees are betwixt the significator of the thief and the Moon, and narrowly observe whether the signs are fixed, moveable, or common. | If in fixed signs account for every degree a mile; if in moveable signs, so many rods.44 | If in common signs, so many tenths of miles.45 | Or look what distance there is betwixt the ascendant and his lord, such is the distance between the thing lost and the place. Or look how many degrees the significator is in his sign, so many miles are the cattle lost or strayed, and the place where the lord of the fourth is, there is the place signified. 42 Likewise note how many degrees are betwixt the lord of the hour and | the lord of the seventh house, so many miles the thief is gone. If the Moon be within 30 degrees of the lord of the ascendant, the thief is near the loser of the goods. | If the significator of the thief or Moon be within 70 degrees of the lord of the ascendant, then he is within the town or parish of him that lost the goods. | If 90 degrees from the lord of the ascendant, then the thief is out of town. If the lord of the seventh be in a strong angle, he is not out of the town where the theft was done. Whether the thief shall be known or not 43 Most planets in cadent houses, the thief shall be openly known.46 | The Sun in quartile or opposition to the significator of the thief, openly known. | The Sun in sextile47 or trine, then hidden or cloaked. Whether the thief hath the goods in his own keeping or to whom he hath delivered them If the Moon behold the significator of the thief by trine or sextile, the goods are in the thief’s hands. If the lord of the house of the Moon doth behold the significator of the thief by quartile or opposition, then the thief shall lose them again. | If the lord of the term of the Moon doth so behold him, the same. | If the significator of the thief gives virtue to no planet, then he has the goods still in his own keeping. 44 If any planet be in conjunction with the significator of the thief, or behold him by any aspect, and that planet hath more dignities in the sign where | the significator of the thief is, then 44 A traditional unit of measurement equal to 5½ yards (approx. 5 meters). Also see notes on measurement given in footnote 74 for the alternative use of furlongs. 45 Correcting ‘tens of miles’ to ‘tenths of miles’ (cf. Lilly p.350). 46 This follows Lilly (CA, p.360) but may be replicating a mistake since the traditional principle is that the thief is shown to be a stranger if his significator is cadent (cf. CA, p.364). 47 Correcting an obviously erroneous repetition of “Sun in quartile or trine” to read “Sun in sextile or trine” (cf. Lilly, CA, p.360: “M=in q to him [thief’s significator], he is suspected, but not openly known”).

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the thief hath delivered them to another. | If the lord of the house of the Moon or the Moon be with the significator of the thief, then he has the goods still in his own hands. | But by quartile or opposition, the goods are stopped48 from the thief. If the lord of the term of the Moon or the lord of the second be with the significator of the thief, or aspect him by sextile or trine, then the thief has them still, but with quartile or opposition they are stopped from him. If the Moon give virtue49 to the significator of the thief, then one thief steals from another. 45 If the lord of the ascendant or any planet in the ascendant do give virtue to the significator of the thief, then the owner of the goods | hath voluntarily given them to the suspected thief. If the significator of the thief keep his own virtue to himself, he has the goods in his own hands. | But if the significator of the thief part with his virtue to any other planet, he hath delivered them out of his possession. If the significator of the thief give his virtue to the lord of the ascendant, he will give them again to the owner either in part or the whole, according to the dignity or virtue he gives to the lord of the ascendant. | If to the lord of the third, to a brother, kindred or neighbour of the owner, &c. | And so of all the twelve houses you may easily know to whom he hath delivered them. 46 Whether the thief shall be taken or not?

If the lord of the ascendant follow after the significator of the thief,50 he shall be taken. If the significator of the thief be unfortunate by Mars, he shall be taken. If the lord of the ascendant be in his own house, the thief shall be taken. If the significator of the thief be in the twelfth house, he shall be committed to prison. | If unfortunate, lie long or die there [in prison]. If the significator of the thief be unfortunate, the thief shall be taken. Whether the suspected party be guilty or not 47

If the significator of the thief be in quartile or opposition to the lord of the ascendant, the querent doth | suspect the thief; as many planets as be in the sign so many thieves doth the querent suspect. | If the cusp of the four angles be all fixed, it signifies that the party suspected is guilty. If the Moon be joined to an evil planet or in an evil sign the party suspected is guilty. | If the Moon be evilly aspected, the party suspected is guilty. If the lord of the hour be in opposition to Scorpio or Capricornus, the suspected party is guilty.51 | If the lord of the hour be in a south sign and a night house, the suspected is guilty. | But if he be in an occidental sign as Gemini, Libra, Aquarius, or in the centre of the earth,52 the suspected is no thief, but the thief dwells in the town where the goods are lost. Stopped: intercepted or taken from. I believe this requires the Moon to aspect the significator of the thief whilst the latter is in one of the Moon’s dignities. See Griffins text p.11 and accompanying footnote 13 for remarks about how a planet gives virtue. 50 Follow after: this presumably means that the asc-ruler is applying towards the significator of the thief. 51 I have not yet been able to identify a source for this rule, but wonder if some extra condition is missing here, which would present a stronger testimony than the mere placement of the lord of the hour in any part of Taurus or Cancer. For example, it would make more sense if we were to expect the lord of the hour to be in opposition to the Moon in Scorpio or Capricorn (the Moon’s signs of essential debility). 52 Southern signs are those of the earth triplicity; occidental means ‘western’, the direction associated with the air triplicity (see footnote 43); night house is the feminine sign that any planet rules (see Griffin’s concluding table of essential dignities and accompanying footnote 90; centre of the earth describes the MC-IC axis. 48 49

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48 That the party suspected is not guilty

If the Moon be joined to Jupiter, Venus, or the Part of Fortune, the party suspected is not guilty. If the lord of the ascendant be in a cadent house, and not joined to a planet in an angle that receives him, the suspected is not guilty.53 If the ascendant be a moveable sign, as Aries, Cancer, Libra, or Capricorn, and so much the more if Saturn or Mars have any aspect to the ascendant or if the Dragon’s Tail be in the ascendant, the party suspected is not guilty and the report is false. If the Moon be joined to a planet in a cadent house, the party is not guilty. 49 If the lord of the ascendant be in an angle and joined to a planet cadent, the party suspected has an | evil report undeserved. If the Moon be impedited in an angle, the party suspected is not guilty. If the lord of the eighth be in the fifth or eleventh house, or if the Moon be void of course, the party suspected is not guilty. Tokens that the goods lost shall be recovered If the significator of the thief do apply to the lord of the ascendant by trine or sextile, they shall be had again. If the Moon apply to the lord of the second house by trine or sextile, the goods stolen shall be recovered. If the lord of the ascendant be in his own house, the owner shall recover the goods himself. 50 If the lord of the term of the Moon be in trine or sextile to the | lord of the ascendant, the owner shall have the goods again. If the lord of the second apply to the lord of the ascendant, it denotes recovery. If the Moon apply to any planet by trine or sextile, and the application be in moveable signs, look how many degrees it is ’til they come to their perfect aspect, and in so many days it shall be recovered; and if the Sun be in the ascendant, he likewise takes the thief.54 If the lord of the ascendant apply to the lord of the seventh, or he be in the seventh house, they shall be had again by the care and diligence of the querent. If the lord of the ascendant be in the tenth house, it denotes recovery, but with a great deal of care and labour of the querent. 51 If the lord of the second house be strong, | and behold the ascendant and lord thereof by trine or sextile, the goods shall be had again. If the lord of the second house be in the second house, or behold the second by trine or sextile, part of the goods may be had again; according to the strength or weakness of the lord of the second give judgment. If the lord of the ascendant be fortunate in the diameter of the firmament,55 then the thief shall bring again the thing from whence he stole it. 53 This presumes that the lord of the ascendant signifies the suspected party, and that the question is asked to determine whether rumours of guilt are true or not. Most considerations in this section are explained in Bonatti’s passage If one who is suspected of being a thief is one or not?, though without reference to “the lord of the eighth be in the fifth or eleventh house”, the logic of which escapes me (cf. Bonatti, p.471ff.). 54 Takes the thief: that is, catches or exposes the thief at the time of the recovery of the goods. 55 Diameter of the firmament: the opposite part of heaven; i.e., lord of the ascendant fortunate in the 7th (cf. Lilly, CA, p.359: “Lord of the ascendant in the seventh … the thief comes of his own accord before he goes any farther”). It is possible that this refers to the midheaven as the opposite of the IC, (the word firmament, though used as a general reference to the heavens, comes from the Latin firmāre ‘to support or hold firm’ and describes the IC as the foundation of heaven); but I have not seen any other passage describe the thief’s return of the goods this way.

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If the lord of the fourth house be in the first house, and the lord of the first and lord of the hour be in the fourth house,56 the goods stolen or lost shall be had again. If the lord of the ascendant and the lord of the hour be both in the ascendant, it shall be found near or about him that stole it. 52 If the lord of the ascendant and | lord of the hour, or one of them be in the seventh house, it shall be found in few days. If the lord of the ascendant or lord of the hour has a good aspect to the Sun, the thing lost shall be had again. If the Moon behold the Sun by opposition, the thief shall be found, but the goods not to be had by any means. If the lord of the second be bodily joined to the lord of the eighth or by aspect, the querent shall have his goods again, or satisfaction for them of the thief. If the lord of the second doth apply luckily to the Part of Fortune, and the Part of Fortune be in the first, second, seventh, or tenth houses, it gives knowledge of the goods, and the thief that stole them. 53 The lord of the second and the lord of the tenth both in one house, | it notes discovery, and doth give good hopes of finding it again. If the lord of the second be joined by sextile or trine to any planet in the second, it notes recovery. If the lord of the hour be fortunately placed and strongly aspecting the lord of the first or second, it notes recovery. If the lord of the second be fortunate in the first, or the lord of the first fortunate in the second, it signifies recovery. If the Moon, Jupiter, or Venus be fortunate in the second or first, it shows good hopes of recovery. If the Moon applies to her disposer, or to the lord of the term she is in by conjunction, trine, or sextile, it notes recovery. If the Moon gives virtue to the lord of the fifth, or lord of the eleventh house, it notes recovery. 54 If the lord of the second be in the | second, or behold the Sun by trine or sextile, it notes recovery. | If the lord of the second and Mercury be in conjunction, it notes recovery, but with a great deal of grief and contention. If the Moon be in the ascendant with any of the fortunes, it notes recovery. | Yet nevertheless you must in giving judgment go by the major part of the testimonies whether the goods shall be had or not, and in so doing you cannot err. The time when the goods stolen or missing shall be found 55

The Moon beholding her own house by trine or sextile, it shall be had within three days. If the lord of the ascendant and the Moon be both in the ascendant, | and the Sun behold them by trine or sextile, it shall be found the same day it was lost, but if he behold them by a quartile, it signifies a week; if by opposition, a month. The application of the Moon to any planet by trine or sextile, if the application be in moveable signs, look how many degrees they want of their aspect, and so many days it shall be before it shall be recovered. | And if the Sun be in the ascendant, it discovers the thief.

Omitting repeated reference to lord of first house.

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Likewise behold the two planets that be applying, and you may know by their application, the recovery of the goods stolen, and number how many degrees they are one from the other’s aspect, and so judge of hours, days, weeks, or months. 56 If the two applying planets be in moveable signs, the degrees betwixt them will signify weeks or | months, yet sometimes days. Judge that according to the swiftness or slowness of their motion. | If in fixed signs, then months or years. | If the significators be in cadent houses, then it does signify they will quickly be recovered. | If the two significators be in angles it shall be long first.57 Look to the Sun and Moon, and if they be parted from the Part of Fortune, or be both or either of them joined to the Part of Fortune; if not, see then which is nighest the Part of Fortune, the Sun or Moon, and he that is nighest the Part of Fortune, either by application or separation, shall signify the time, viz. how many degrees the nearest is to him. If the Part of Fortune be in an angle, it shall be so many days or weeks as is degrees between them.58 57 If the Part of Fortune be in a succedent house, then so many weeks or months. If the Part of Fortune be in a cadent house, then so many months or years. Note that the finding of the things by the Sun is sooner than by the Moon. Choice tokens that the goods stolen shall not be recovered If the lord of the ascendant be in quartile or opposition to the lord of the seventh, then the goods will be stopped from the owner. If the Moon be in quartile or opposition to the lord of the seventh, it signifies the same. If the lord of the term of the Moon be in quartile or opposition to the lord of the ascendant, idem.59 58 If Saturn, Mars, or the Dragon’s Tail | be in the eighth or second houses, it shows small hopes of recovery. If the lord of the second be retrograde or combust, idem. If the Moon be combust or under the beams of the Sun, the same. If the lord of the term of the Moon, and the lord of the house of the Moon, be both diminishing [in] motion and number,60 and infortunes [are] beholding them both, it is not to be recovered. 57 The usual principle is that significators in angles have a stronger and more immediate effect; note, for example, how the following paragraphs relate contacts with the Part of Fortune to days/weeks when the Part of Fortune is angular, but months/years when it is cadent. I am unaware of any older authority proposing that angular houses protract recovery, although Lilly may appear to be suggesting this where he writes (CA, p.356): …if the significator[s] be quick in motion, they signify it shall be recovered quickly, or lightly: which significators, if they be falling from angles, signifieth a time more short, wherein the goods should be recovered. These judgements are made properly for this chapter, you must not judge in other things by these, or by this method. Lilly omits reference to the angular houses but his sources demonstrate the principle that significators that are falling away from the angles indicate immediacy (because they are falling or have already fallen over the angle); whilst angular houses indicate something that will happen soon, and significators in suceedent houses indicate delays (cf. Nine Judges, p.337 and fn.56 for the views of Alkindi and Haly Abenragel). All other rules in this section are reported by Bonatti (p.464). 58 See footnote 75, for a note on how Griffin used this consideration to determine distance as well as of time. 59 Idem: Latin ‘the same (as what has already been said)’. 60 Diminishing [in] motion and number: reducing in speed (motion) and daily velocity (number); (cf. Lilly’s margin note, CA. p.355). Both motion and number amount to the same thing, in showing whether a planets is increasing or decreasing in speed.

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If the lord of the eighth be in the ascendant, and the lord of the ascendant in the eighth, it is not to be recovered. If the Sun and Moon be going to a conjunction under the earth at the time of losing the goods, neither goods nor thief shall ever be heard of. If the Sun and Moon be going to a conjunction or opposition, the goods lost will not by any means be recovered.61 59 Likewise, if both the luminaries be under the earth, the goods lost will hardly ever be heard of again. Also the lord of the second in the eighth house, no recovery. Of friendship and hatred between the querent and the thief If the lord of the ascendant and significator of the thief do behold each other by trine or sextile, then is friendship between them, and so much the more if there be reception. But if they do behold each other by quartile or opposition, then do they hate one another. But if there be no aspect between them, then they do neither love nor hate one another. 60 Whether the thief be beloved of his neighbours or not

If the disposer of the Moon doth behold the Moon by trine or sextile, it is one that all his neighbours loves well, and he is very pleasant to them. | If the disposer of the Moon doth behold the Moon by a quartile, he is neither much loved, nor much hated; some men speak well of him, but the most part speak ill of him. | If the disposer of the Moon doth behold the Moon by opposition, it is one that all men speak evil of and all his neighbours doth hate him. If the disposer of the Moon be in conjunction with the Moon either above or under the earth, the thief is a busy fellow in all matters and troubled in mind, yet cannot have his will. 61 That the querent is thief himself

If Mars be significator and in the tenth house, the querent is the thief himself. If the significator of the thief be in the ascendant, the querent is thief; the more sure it is if the sign ascending and the significator of the querent doth agree with his complexion. That the thief and querent be both in one house If the lord of the sixth house and the lord of the ascendant be both together in an angle,62 or if the lord of the [seventh] house be with the lord of the ascendant in an angle, then the 3862 owner and the thief be both in one house and the goods ready for the | owner: proved many times. Whether the thief be married or not If the lord of the seventh house be in an angle, he is married; if in a succedent house, towards marriage; if in a cadent, then neither married nor like[ly] to be.

61 Many older texts present the view reported by Hephaistio (pp.119-120), that Moon conjunct the Sun (i.e., Moon combust) indicates that the stolen thing will disappear completely, perhaps by being broken up and dispersed through various channels. The Moon’s opposition to the Sun allows a possibility for discovery, though with difficulty, (Hephaistio says “this would show that the lost item will not be easily recovered”). 62 This may be based on a rule reported in The Book of Nine Judges, which expects the question to be asked about whether the querent’s servant committed the theft (cf. Nine Judges, p.339 and fn.69).

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A scheme erected concerning a house robbed in the Minories63 of thirty pounds-worth of clothes64 the 29th of September 1663.65

Griffin’s original chart graphic (shown in modern format overleaf)

63 A London street which runs north-south between Aldgate and the Tower of London, marked by the number one in the mapdetail to the left (taken from Wencenclas Hollar’s 17th-century map of London); now also the name of the surrounding district. The street was named after the Abbey of the Minoresses (i.e., nuns) founded on the site in 1294. The nunnery was surrendered to Henry VIII as part of his dissolution of the monasteries in 1539. By the mid-17th century, the street comprised a collection of residential and commercial properties. 64 £30 in 1663 would be worth approximately £2500 today. 65 The original graphic shows the data for the chart in the Julian calendar; “30 m. P. Mer” describes 12:30 pm (30 minutes post meridian). The chart details correspond to 12:23pm LMT, London, 9 October 1663, Gregorian calendar. Overall, the original chart details agree well with the modern computer-generated chart shown overleaf. The two notable exceptions are that the day and hour rulers disagree (modern software computes this to be a Jupiter hour on a Tuesday) and the Part of Fortune is miscalculated (it should be 23°ä31 not 11°~30 as shown in the original chart: all authors agree that in day-time charts it is calculated by the formula: Asc + R − M). Since the following judgement makes an interpretation based on the assumption that the Part of Fortune is in Aries, the modern chart displays the correct position and includes the erroneous position in brackets.

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29 Septem.1663 [OS] 30 m. P. Mer. [12:30 pm] R from r=M=to q=` W Day: R |=Hour: _ [London - Regio cusps]

Judgment upon the foregoing figure

This figure is more difficult than ordinary in giving judgment by reason that all the four quarters are concerned in it; therefore I shall according to my judgment give you the perfect discovery of it. First I find the sign of the seventh house a western sign.66 Secondly, Mercury lord of the seventh house and lord of the hour in a northern sign, but in the south quarter. Thirdly, the Part of Fortune in an easterly sign, yet in a northern quarter. Fourthly, Mars, lord of the fourth and disposer of the Part of Fortune, in a northern sign, but in the western quarter. Fifthly, the Moon being in quartile with the Sun, he [the Sun] being in a westerly sign. 65 Sixthly, the Dragon’s Tail being in a westerly sign, but in the north quarter, which doth signify the devoiding,67 and the sale of the goods to be north-west from the querent; notwithstanding the greatest part of the goods went to the south-east, but yet were after that they were devoided; because the Moon was in a south sign, but in the east quarter next applying to Venus, she entering an east sign, and in an easterly quarter, but this I shall describe more at large hereafter. Therefore according to the aforesaid testimonies, I sent the querent to Cow-Cross, or about the lower end of Long-Lane, London, which it did so appear after discovery that they were devoided in an alley near Cow-Cross, and by this means did I discover it:68 For the directions of signs see Griffin p.10; for the directions of houses and quarters see footnote 43. Devoiding: the removal or clearance of something; here using the n to describe the passing-on of the goods. 68 Cow Cross (modern-day Cowcross Street) and Long Lane are close to Smithfield; see map on following page. 66 67

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

First, I find the Moon in the first house, and she applying to Venus,69 she [Venus] having exaltation in the third, and | entering the sign ascending, she being lady of the tenth house, which is the house of discovery. | Also, Venus being a feminine planet and the sign of the third, a feminine sign, where Venus hath exaltation, and the Part of Fortune being in the third, I told the querent that the goods would be discovered, and that by a sister of hers, or some kinswoman that dwelt that way; and so it was, for it was discovered by her own sister after this manner. | One of the thieves sent a woman to sell the clothes at the querent’s sister’s house, and her sister knew the goods, by which means they were all taken. | The querent had some part of satisfaction, but not all, as the Dragons-Tail in the second doth show.70 But there 67 was grand testimony of discovery, because the Moon was in the first house.71 | Secondly, Saturn, lord of the second, in the Ascendant with Jupiter lord thereof.72 | Thirdly, the Moon in application to Venus, she being a fortune, and lord of the tenth, which notes discovery.73

Hollar’s 17th century map of London showing (1) the Minories, (2) Cow Lane (Cow Cross), (3) Long Lane and (N) Newgate Prison. The map-makers scale – showing half a mile – is shown in the lower left corner. 69 The application to the sextile of Venus is the Moon’s next aspect. Although Venus is on the cusp of a new sign, at 12°30' separation from the Moon, it is just within range of the Moon’s orb (listed by Lilly, CA, p.107). 70 Griffin, pp.57-8: “If Saturn, Mars, or the Dragon’s Tail be in the eighth or second houses, it shows small hopes of recovery”. 71 Griffin, p.53: “If the Moon, Jupiter or Venus be fortunate in the second or first, it shows good hopes of recovery”. 72 Griffin, p.50: “If the lord of the second apply to the lord of the ascendant, it denotes recovery”. Saturn and Jupiter are in the ascending sign, but could only be described as “in the ascendant” using whole-sign consideration. Although not mentioned by Griffin, the applying conjunction between Jupiter, which is also the 3rd-ruler, and 2nd-ruler, Saturn, strengthens the signature of the sister’s involvement in the recovery. 73 Griffin does not specify this in his Tokens of Recovery (p.49ff.), but Lilly tells us that Moon with the lord of the tenth makes it “probable the thing lost shall and may be recovered” (CA, p.357). Also note Griffin’s comment on pp.52-3: “The lord of the second and the lord of the tenth both in one house, it notes discovery”.

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GRIFFIN: ASTROLOGICAL JUDGEMENT TOUCHING THEFT

Concerning the distance I thus judged Finding the Sun and Moon casting their aspects to the Part of Fortune, and within 5 [or 6] degrees of the true aspect,74 and both of them newly separated and in moveable signs, I did judge it to be some five or six furlongs75 north-west, and so it was.76 Likewise I found three thieves by the figure, two women and one man. First, I find Mercury lord of the seventh,77 in the tenth, a sign feminine, and likewise the house feminine, which doth signify one woman. 68 Secondly, the Moon in Capricorn a | feminine sign, peregrine, and applying to Venus a feminine planet, I did discover another woman. Also finding the Sun in opposition to the Part of Fortune, I did discover another which was a man, and this was true, for the man made his escape, the two women were taken and committed to New-gate78 and both of them were condemned to die, yet one was reprieved and the other was hanged. Editorial comment: Griffin’s miscalculation of ⊗ blights this otherwise very interesting historical horary. Without the supposed Mu⊗, it is difficult to judge involvement of a man. The indications of the female thieves being caught are: for _, the applying r to c in the 8th; for the R, the r to M, (cf. Griffin, p.46: “If the significator of the thief be unfortunate [also “be unfortunate by Mars”] he shall be taken”). The R is in detriment and rules the 8th-cusp, appearing to signify the woman whose death sentence was reprieved, since it separates from the r of the M and applies to the q of `. The signature hanging is present in the r of the lights, (which rule and corule the 8th); in testimonies of violent deaths, i (R’s dispositor), is associated with hanging, as is the air sign=Ö (CA, p.646). See footnote 65 for details of the Part of Fortune and its erroneous calculation at 11°~30 instead of 23°ä31. furlong measures 220 yards (eighth of a mile). In the medieval period this set the length of a furrow in a one acre field; hence, the name, from Old English: furh (furrow) + long. It is slightly less than the length of an acre, its associated unit of area, because of the allowance needed to turn the oxen and plough within the field. Griffin’s rules on distance (pp.41-2) tell us that if fixed signs signify miles, moveable signs signify rods, a small measurement of 5½ yards (about 5 metres). Obviously, common sense must determine the unit of measurement used, and rods are inappropriate here since 5 or 6 rods would hardly extend beyond the property from which the goods were stolen. The main units of measurement in 17th century England were the foot, yard, rod, furlong and mile, so if rods are too small to suit the scenario, furlongs become the natural alternative. Six furlongs measures three quarters of a mile, so the distance and direction judged appears to be roughly correct, though a little short on distance according to Hollar’s 17th century map of London (see previous page). For alternative measures of distance also see ahead: Griffin, p.83-84 and accompanying footnote 89. 76 Griffin’s reference to the number of degrees separating the Sun and Moon from the Part of Fortune is interesting, since he has explained how this observation can describe the timing of the recovery of goods (cf. Griffin, pp.56-7), but here he uses that principle to determine distance rather than time. 77 Mercury is a peregrine planet in an angle, as is the Moon (all planets are peregrine except Jupiter); this and the fact that the 7th-ruler is in a fruitful sign, draws the judgement of more than one thief (cf. Griffin, p.31ff.). 78 Newgate, London’s most infamous prison which dates back to the 12th century; it was demolished in 1902. 74

75 A

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– Concerning beasts or any living thing lost or strayed – First the beasts are not stolen but strayed First of all, if the lord of the second, or lord of the sixth, or lord of the house of the Moon, do separate from any planet, then strayed; but if any planet separate from them, then led away. 69 If the Moon give virtue to Saturn or Mars, or to the lord of the eighth, or to any planet in a cadent house, especially by trine or sextile, the beasts are strayed of themselves. Note that the separation herein named, is that when one planet separates from another by conjunction and not otherwise.79 | If the lord of the house of the Moon, or lord of the second, do separate from any planet, or from their own houses, or the signs be fixed, then stolen; but if moveable, fled of themselves. That the cattle are driven away or stolen If any planet separates from the lord of the house of the Moon, they are driven away or stolen. | If any planet separates | from the lord of the second house, they are stolen or driven 3870 away. If none of these things, the beasts are not far from the place they first went from. Where the beasts are If the lord of the sixth be in fiery signs, they are eastward80 in woods where [there] are bushes or brambles or where fire hath been. | But if in angles in fiery signs, then in a close pound81 or under a lock.82 If in earthly signs, then south in grounds. | But if in an angle close-pounded, in succedent houses, in closes on the right hand of the querent. | If in cadent houses, on the left hand of the querent.83 | If in airy signs then are they westward in marshy grounds. | If in an angle, the beasts are 71 housed or pounded. | In succedent houses, west on the right hand of the querent. If in cadent houses, on the left hand of the querent, in a common going away. If the lord of the sixth be in watery signs, north, in a low place. | If in an angle, in a close or pound northward. | If in a cadent house, on the left hand of the querent, northward going away-ward. If the lord of the sixth be in moveable signs, they are hilly grounds. | If the lord of the sixth be in fixed signs, they are in marshy grounds where new buildings are.84 | If in common signs, then in grounds where ditches and water is, and where rushes grow. 79 Intended to apply to the following remark, which, in regard to the comment about fixed and moveable, reads differently to Lilly, who tells us: “If the lord of the house of the Moon, or lord of the second do separate from their own houses (if the goods be fixed) it is stolen; if moveable, fled of his own accord” (CA, p.326). 80 In determining a general direction, all fire signs point east; earth signs south; air signs west; water signs north (see details in footnote 43). 81 Close: enclosure; pound: enclosure for strayed animals (from impound, ‘to confine’). 82 The distinction of angularity and cadency marks the major distinction of land-ownership: that which is enclosed and under some form of private ownership and that which is common-land, accessible to all. All placements in angular houses give a general indication that the cattle are near the centre of the querent’s residential area, therefore in some kind of pound or area of official restraint; succedent houses signify suburbs and outlying closes (a close can mean a dwelling, group of dwellings, or area of land enclosed by boundaries); cadent houses signify remote areas, and common land that falls outside residential or agricultural enclosures. 83 For all elements, succedent houses indicate the right-side of the querent and cadent houses signify the left (cf. CA, p.324 and p.326). However, a generalisation about whether something is on the right or left means little unless we know which way the querent is facing.

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If the lord of the term of the Moon be in fixed signs, they be in | places newly taken in, or near some new buildings. | If in moveable signs, in a place full of hills. | If in common signs, in watery places or marshy grounds, nigh ditches, or pits. Whether the beasts be in the pound or no

If the lord of the sixth be in the twelfth house, then are the beasts in the pound. If the lord of the sixth or the Moon be unfortunate, they shall be pounded. If the lord of the sixth or twelfth be in the tenth or ninth,85 they are in the custody of some justice or officer, or under lock. 73 If the lord of the twelfth do apply to the lord of the ascendant, or the ascendant unto the lord of the twelfth, | and either one or both of them be unfortunate, the beast will be pounded. | If the significator of the beast be unfortunate in the eighth house, the beast will die in the pound. | If Mars doth aspect the Moon in the twelfth by conjunction, quartile, or opposition, they will be killed in the pound. Whether the beast be dead or alive If the Moon doth apply to the lord of the eighth house, dead. | If the Moon doth apply to the eighth house, or the disposer of the Moon doth apply to the eighth house or his Lord, dead or will be speedily. | If the Moon doth apply to the lord of the eighth house, from the place where she is, then dead. 74

To know if the beasts be lost If the lord of the sixth be unfortunate by Saturn or Mars, then the beasts are lost; chiefly if the lord of a cadent house.86 If the lord of the sixth doth behold the lord of the ascendant by quartile or opposition, they are like to be stopped from the owner. | If the lord of the sixth doth so behold the lord of the term of the Moon, the same. If the Moon and the lord of the house of the Moon doth behold one another by quartile or opposition, they will be stopped from the owner. Whether the beasts shall be had again or not

If the significator of the sixth house | be fortunated by Jupiter or Venus, and they or either of them be in the second, fifth or eleventh houses, the beasts shall be had again. 84 This, and the following remark, that fixed signs signify “places newly taken in”, appears to contradict the principle expressed by Lilly, who tells us that placement in a moveable sign signifies “a place new peopled, or a house new built”. In general, moveable signs signify changeable or undulating landscapes (Lilly says: “where are hills, and in other places level grounds”); they are marked by flux or a rapid discharge of energy, so it seems logical that they might be undergoing development. Fixed signs signify places where things change slowly; generally they are associated with pastures or low-lying landscapes (Lilly says “plain country or champion”, the word champion, deriving from the Latin campus: ‘camp’, meaning a place suitable for an encampment or battlefield). The difference of interpretation probably derives from Alkindi’s association of moveable signs with “new and recently cultivated earth, neither [wholly] flat or mountainous”, and of fixed signs with “flat and recently inhabited land”. The latter probably considers that recently inhabited land will have been cleared of surrounding vegetation. Alkindi also tells us that common signs indicate places where the landscape is mixed, being “partly desert, here mountainous, there flat, of the nature of one and the other” (see CA, p.324 and Alkindi p.133). 85 The 10th house places them in a radical angle, the 9th house in a derived angle. Lilly adds that indications of being in a pound might also show that they are “kept obscurely in some private or close place” (CA, p.327). 86 This should probably read “chiefly if the lord of the sixth is in a cadent house” (cf. Lilly, CA, p.325).

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If the lord of the term of the Moon, or the lord of the fourth house be with the lord of the ascendant, the owner shall have his goods again. The Moon in trine or sextile to the lord of the ascendant, they will be found. | The Moon in trine or sextile to the Sun, then they may be found. The Sun in the ascendant, except in Libra or Aquarius, the goods will be found. The lord of the ascendant, or the lord of the second house, in the house of the significator fortunate,87 they shall be found. 76 As you have the explanation of small beasts by the sixth house and his | lord, after the same manner judge by the twelfth house and his lord for great beasts.

– Concerning fugitives – How to find out the significator of a fugitive If a question be proposed concerning one that dwelt in the house with the querent, then take the planet in the ascendant not being the lord thereof. But if none be there, then take the planet that is in the sign or house where the lord of the ascendant is; if none be there, then take the Moon, she shall be the significator of the fugitive. 77 But if he enquires for his servant, then take the sixth house and his lord; if for his brother or sister, then | the third house; if for his child, then the fifth house. | If for his acquaintance, his public enemy, or his wife or sweetheart, then take the seventh house; if for his friend, then take the eleventh house, and so be sure to take the right significator. Whether the fugitive will be found or come again If the significator of the fugitive be in the ascendant, he comes of his own accord. If the Moon be separated from the lord of the ascendant, and then immediately doth apply to the significator of the fugitive, you shall hear news of the party fled, for some or other will tell you where he is. 78 If the significator of the fugitive be combust, or entering into combustion, | the fugitive shall be found though he hide himself secretly, this hath been often proved. If the Moon doth separate from the significator of the fugitive, and then doth immediately apply to the lord of the ascendant, then the fugitive is sorry that he went away, and will send one to treat that he may come again. If the Moon be joined to ill planets, as Saturn or Mars, or the Dragon’s Tail, or to a planet retrograde, he shall be found, or come again of his own accord. If the lord of the ascendant doth behold an evil planet from the house signifying the fugitive, the querent shall then find the party fled. If the Moon do separate from Jupiter or Venus, he shall come back again, or a thing lost shall be quickly found. 79 If the Moon doth behold her own house by sextile or trine the fugitive shall return in three days. The Moon being in Virgo, he that flyeth shall soon return. If the lord of the ascendant be joined to the significator of the fugitive or applying to it, [the fugitive is] taken. | The lord of the ascendant in his own house, he shall be taken. | The 87

That is, in the house where the significator for the cattle is, and in a fortunate state.

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significator of the fugitive unfortunate by Saturn or Mars, then taken. | The Moon in the ascendant with Jupiter or Venus, he comes again. The lord of the ascendant and the Moon applying to the lord of the tenth, or to the lord of the house of the Moon, the fugitive shall be found. 80 The Moon unfortunate, he shall be taken, but chiefly when she is | unfortunate in the tenth house. The Moon and lord of the ascendant in the ascendant and the Sun beholding them by a trine or sextile, the fugitive shall be found the same day; but with a quartile aspect, in a week; with an opposition, in a month. When the significator of the fugitive comes into the house of the lord of the ascendant, then comes the fugitive into the hands of the querent. If the Moon be in evil terms, and with Saturn or Mars, or either of them be in the house where the Moon is, he is with some poor strange people who will bring him again. Where the fugitive is If the Moon give virtue to Saturn or Mars, or be in any of their houses, then he is with some kinsman as evil as himself. 81 If the significator of the fugitive be in the seventh house, he is hid in the house of him that knows him well. If his significator be in an angle, he is in a house; if in ascendant house he is in a close or street; if in a cadent house, he is in a common, an indifferent large distance off. If the significator of the fugitive or the Moon be in a strong angle within three degrees of the ascendant or his Lord, it notes the fugitive to be in the town or parish of the querent and very near him. | If he be within seventy degrees of the ascendant or his lord, he is yet in town, but chiefly if he be in an angle. But if he be above seventy degrees and in a cadent house, then he is gone far. 82 If the significator of the fugitive be in the fourth, sixth,88 or tenth houses, he is gone but a little way, but if | he be in the third or ninth houses, then he is gone far. If you find any planet that hath dignities where the significator of the fugitive is, if that planet doth separate from the lord of the ascendant and apply to any planet in the sixth, eighth, or twelfth house, he is then out of town. If the significator of the fugitive be going out of one sign into another, then he is new gone out of town. If the significator of the fugitive doth behold the lord of the ascendant with a quartile aspect, he is gone out of town. If the significator of the fugitive be departing from the Sun, he is gone out of town. 83 The significator of the fugitive separating from the lord of the ascendant, especially if he [lord of ascendant] have any dignities in the place where the significator of the fugitive is, and he applying to | any planet in the sixth, eighth, or twelfth houses, he is gone out of town. To know the distance between the querent and the fugitive If the significators of the fugitive and the lord of the ascendant be in fixed signs account for every degree, between him and the lord of the ascendant, three miles. | If in common signs, one mile.89 88 Perhaps this should read “fourth, seventh or tenth”, unless we suppose the fugitive is a missing servant. I have omitted the duplication of this remark immediately before the section entitled ‘Another distance’ on page 83. 89 We are not told what unit to use for moveable signs but a comparable passage in Lilly (CA, p.345) states that when fixed signs are three miles and common signs are one mile, moveable signs are half a mile.

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Another distance 84

Mind the distance of the aspect that the Moon hath from the sign or cusp of the significator of the fugitive or from the fugitive himself. | And for one degree in a common sign give five paces, and for one degree in a moveable sign give seventeen paces. | And for one degree in a fixed sign give 1000 paces. | Note that one-mile gives 1056 paces. Consider likewise whether the fugitive be in town or not, then give distance accordingly, and so observing thy distances aright, you cannot err. For which way the fugitives is gone, you must note that the Moon hath a grand significator for fugitives, therefore look to the significator of the fugitive and to the Moon, and according to the strongest of them judge, and in the sign and quarter that the strongest is in, say that way the fugitive is gone.

85 A table of the essential dignities of the planets according to Ptolemy90

90 The table is the same as that given by Lilly (CA, p.104), as shown in the modern-format table beneath it. Griffin’s table mistakenly labels both Taurus and Libra as the night-houses of Venus, and both Aries and Scorpio as the day houses of Mars; this has been corrected in the asterisk-marked entries of the modern format table.

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SOURCES

Works Cited

Adams, Thomas. The works of Thomas Adams: being the sum of his sermons, meditations, and other divine and moral discourses. Vol. II. London: J. Nichol, 1862. Alkindi: Dykes, Benjamin (translator), The Forty Chapter of al-Kindi (9th cent.), Minneapolis: Cazimi Press, 2011. Al-Qabisi, (Alcabitius), The Introduction to Astrology (10th cent.), edited by Charles Burnett, Keiji Yamamoto, & Michio Yano. London: The Warburg Institute, 2004. Dykes, Benjamin (translator), The Book of Nine Judges (early 12th cent.), Minneapolis: Cazimi Press, 2011. Hephaistion of Thebes, Apotelesmatics III, (early 5th cent.), translated by Eduardo J. Gramaglia,. edited by Benjamin Dykes. Minneapolis: Cazimi Press, 2013. Lilly, William, Christian Astrology (1647), London: Regulus, 1985. Manilius, Marcus, Astronomica (10 AD), translated by G.P Goold. London: William Heinemann Ltd., 1977. Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos, (c.150 AD), translated by Frank Eggleston Robbins. Harvard University Press and William Heinemann Ltd, 1940. Ramesey, William, Astrologia Restaurata, or Astrology Restored (1653). Nottingham: Ascella Reprints, 2004. Sahl, Ibn Bishr, The Introduction to the Science of the Judgments of the Stars (late 8th/early 9th cent.), translated by James H. Holden. Tempe, AZ: American Federation of Astrologers, Inc., 2008. Websters Revised Unabridged Dictionary. n.d. http://dictionary.reference.com. Wencesclas Hollar’s 17th century map of London is taken from Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:17th_century_map_of_London_(W.Hollar).jpg

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APPENDIX A

Anthony Griffin & 17th Century Theft Charts Nothing appears to be known about the 17th-century English horary astrologer Anthony Griffin, beyond the fact that he is named as the author of this work and must have practised in the city of London around the end of September 1663 (the time and place given for the example chart). In the absence of any other reference to Griffin as an astrologer near London, and the fact that stricter censorship had been imposed on the sale of astrological works in the 1660s, it is possible that the published name of the author was a pseudonym. There are close comparisons between some of the passages of text included in this treatise and the rules for the recovery of lost and missing items given in William Lilly’s Christian Astrology, published 18 years earlier; some areas of confusion in Griffin’s text have been clarified by reference to Lilly’s. I have wondered whether Griffin was a pseudonym used by Lilly to avoid the prospect of prosecution, but if it was Lilly left no admission of this, even in his autobiography, written at the end of his life, where he usually writes with candour. I am open-minded to the prospect without being convinced by it. It was not uncommon for later 17th-century English astrological works to mirror Lilly’s content or style, and as well as the many parallels there are also contradictory points, and some rules that are not given by Lilly but drawn from other sources. On the other hand, Lilly, or any astrologer, would have had good reason to adopt a pseudonym in publishing a treatise on this topic in the late 17th century. Astrological investigations on matters of theft or missing property ran the risk of being deemed to incorporate the use of sorcery, which was punishable under the James I Witchcraft Act of 1604 by one year of imprisonment for the first offence and the death penalty for a second offence. Lilly had such charges brought against him in 1655, although the case was dropped after the sanity (or recollection) of his accuser was determined unreliable. The details of Lilly’s 1655 case and the Witchcraft Act then in force are given in the following appendices. The consequences for the convicted criminals of theft were even more severe, and perhaps the most useful element of this tract is the example judgement it includes. This details the sad case of a partially recovered theft which ended with one of its female perpetuators being hung at the gallows. Given the sensitivities attached to all elements of this form of astrological enquiry, it is hardly surprising that many historical astrologers, whether they have taught or demonstrated its practice or not, have been quick to express their dislike of the topic. Lilly does this in his Christian Astrology (p.394) saying: “I cannot endure questions of Fugitives or Thefts, nor would have done any thing, but with the intention to benefit posterity”, and again in his England’s Prophetical Merlin (1644): “Unless for a very friend, I hate thievish questions: the which usually bring scandal to the Artist”. However, the 1655 report, concerning one case of a theft chart and two cases of fugitive charts, shows that Lilly did continue to engage with questions of this nature as part of his professional practice, but with good reason to avoid drawing attention to this fact.

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APPENDIX B

Indictment against Lilly (1655) for practising Astrology on matters relating to theft The text below is the indictment report as republished in The Athenaeum and literary chronicle, volume 1, issues 63-92; vol. 72, p.159. W. Lewer, 1829. The Athenaeum was a 19th-century magazine “of literary and miscellaneous information”.

The jurors of the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, &c., upon their oaths do present, that William Lilly, late of the Parish of St. Clement’s Danes, in this county of Middlesex, gent., not having the fear of God before his eyes, but being moved and seduced by the instigation of the Devil, the 10th of July, in the year of our lord 1654, at the parish aforesaid, wickedly, unnaturally, and deceitfully did take upon him, the said William Lilly, by enchantment, charm, and sorcery, to tell and declare to one Anne East, the wife of Alexander East, where ten waistcoats, of the value of five pounds of the goods and chattels of the said Alexander East, should be found and become, and two shillings and sixpence in monies numbered, of the monies of the said Alexander East from the said Anne East, then and there unlawfully and deceitfully, he, the said William Lilly, did take, receive, and had, to tell and declare to her, the said Anne, where the said goods, so lost and stolen as aforesaid, should be found and become: and also, that he, the said William Lilly, on the said 10th of July, in the year of our Lord 1654, and divers other days, and times, as well before as afterwards, at the said parish aforesaid, in the county aforesaid, unlawfully and deceitfully did take upon him, the said William Lilly, by inchantment, charm, and sorcery, to tell and declare to diverse other persons, to the said jurors yet unknown, where diverse goods, chattels, and things of the said persons yet unknown, should be found and become; and diverse sums of monies of the said persons yet unknown, then and there unlawfully and deceitfully, he, the said William Lilly did take, receive, and had, to tell and declare to the said persons yet unknown, where the goods, chattels, and things, so lost and stolen, as aforesaid, should be found and become, in contempt of the laws of England, to the great damage and deceit of the said Alexander and Anne, and of the said other persons yet unknown, to the evil and pernicious example of all others in the like case offending, against the form of the statute in this case made and provided, and against the public peace, &c., Signed Anne East, Emma Spencer, Jane Gold, Katherine Roberts, Susannah Hulinge – Mitchell Citrious.

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APPENDIX C

Lilly’s report of the 1655 charge

“

Lilly’s account of the 1655 charge appears in his autobiography: William Lilly's History of His Life and Times, from the year 1602-1681. Written by himself in the 66th year of his age to his worthy friend Elias Ashmole, Esq. (Published from the original manuscript) London: Charles Baldwin, 1715; (p.167-171).

In 1655, I was indicted at Hicks’s-Hall by a half-witted young woman. Three several sessions she was neglected, and the Jury cast forth her bill; but the fourth time, they found it against me: I put in bail to traverse the indictment. The cause of the indictment was, for that I had given judgment upon stolen goods, and received two shillings and six-pence – and this was said to be contrary unto an Act in King James’s time made. This mad woman was put upon this action against me by two ministers, who had framed for her a very ingenious speech, which she could speak without book, as she did the day of hearing the traverse. She produced one woman, who told the court, a son of her’s was run from her; that being in much affliction of mind for her loss, she repaired unto me to know what was become of him; that I told her he was gone for the Barbadoes, and she would hear of him within thirteen days; which, she said, she did. A second woman made oath, that her husband being wanting two years, she repaired to me for advice: that I told her he was in Ireland, and would be at home such a time; and, said she, he did come home accordingly. I owned the taking of half a crown for my judgment of the theft; but said, I gave no other judgment, but that the goods would not be recovered, being that was all which was required of me: the party, before that, having been with several astrologers, some affirming she should have her goods again, others gave contrary judgment, which made her come unto me for a final resolution. At last my enemy began her before-made speech, and, without the least stumbling, pronounced it before the court; which ended, she had some queries put unto her, and then I spoke for myself, and produced my own Introduction into court, saying that I had some years before emitted that book for the benefit of this and other nations; that it was allowed by authority, and had found good acceptance in both universities; that the study of astrology was lawful, and not contradicted by any scripture; that I neither had, or ever did, use any charms, sorceries, or inchantments related in the bill of indictment, &c. She then related, that she had been several times with me, and that afterwards she could not rest a-nights, but was troubled with bears, lions, and tigers, &c. My counsel was the Recorder Green, who after he had answered all objections, concluded astrology was a lawful art. ‘Mistress,’ said he, ‘what colour was those beasts that you were so terrified with?’ ‘I never saw any,’ said she. ‘How do you then know they were lions, tigers, or bears?’ replied he. – ‘This is an idle person, only fit for Bedlam.’ The Jury who went not from the bar, brought in, No true Bill. There were many Presbyterian Justices much for her, and especially one Roberts, a busy fellow for the Parliament, who after his Majesty came in, had like to have lost life and fortune. I had procured Justice Hooker to be there, who was the oracle of all the Justices of Peace in Middlesex.

”

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APPENDIX D

Extract from the King James I Witchcraft Act of 1604 The Witchcraft Act was introduced in England by King Henry VIII, in 1542. Besides making witchcraft a felony punishable by death, the Act applied to any practitioners of “sorceries to th’entent to fynde money or treasure”. The Act was moderated by the subsequent monarchs: Edward VI in 1542, and Elizabeth I in 1562, and then again in 1604, one year into the reign of James I. The 1604 statute (shown below) was in force during the 17th century and was infamously enforced by ‘Witch-Finder General’ Matthew Hopkins between 1645 and 1647 (in the two years of Hopkins’ witch-hunting career he supervised more hangings than in the whole of the Act’s 100 year history). The death penalty was removed from the Act during the ‘Age of Reason’ in 1736, when its applicability was shifted from those who ‘conjured’ spirits or ‘found’ lost goods, to those who committed the crime of ‘pretending’ to do so. In 1951, the Witchcraft Act was replaced by the Fraudulent Mediums Act, which made it an offence to “fraudulently purport to exercise powers of telepathy, clairvoyance or other similar powers”, except for the purpose of entertainment. In 2008, following a directive from the European Union, the Fraudulent Mediums Act was replaced by the Act on Consumer Protection Regulations, which brought the supply of spiritual/psychic services in-line with policies that apply to all industries, narrowing its concern to the advertisement of misleading or unprovable claims.

An Act against conjuration, Witchcraft and dealing with evil and wicked Spirits (1604, King James amendment)91 III….Be it enacted by the authority of this present Parliament, that if any person or persons shall from and after the said Feast of Saint Michael the Archangel next coming, take upon him or them by Witchcraft, Inchantment, Charm or Sorcery to tell or declare in what place any treasure of Gold or silver should or might be had in the earth or other secret places, or where Goods or Things lost or stolen should be found or become ; or to the intent to provoke any person to unlawful love, or whereby any Cattle or Goods of any person shall be destroyed wasted or impaired, or to hurt or destroy any person in his body, although the same be not effected and done: that then all and every such person or persons so offending, and being thereof lawfully convicted , shall, for the said Offence suffer Imprisonment by the space of one whole year, without bail or Mainprise, and once in every quarter of the said year, shall in some Market Town upon the Market Day, or at such time as any Fair shall be kept there, stand openly upon the Pillory by the space of six hours, and there shall openly confess his or her error and offence. IV. And if any person or persons being once convicted of the same offences as is aforesaid, do estsoons [again] perpetrate and commit the like offence, that then every such Offender, being of any of the said offences the second time lawfully and duly convicted and attainted as is aforesaid, shall suffer pains of death as a Felon or Felons, and shall loose the benefit and privilege of Clergy and Sanctuary: Saving to the wife of such person as shall offend in any thing contrary to this Act her title of Dower; and also to the heir and successor of every such person his or their titles of Inheritance Succession and other Rights, as though no such Attainder or the Ancestor or Predecessor had been made. V. Provided always, that if the offender in any cases aforesaid shall happen to be a Peer of this Realm, then his Trial therein is to be had by his Peers, as it is used in cases of Felony or Treason, and not otherwise.

91 Source: The Statutes at Large, of England and of Great-Britain: From Magna Carta to the Union of the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland. 1708-1726; vol. IV, (London: G. Eyre and A. Strahan, 1811) p.599-600.

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APPENDIX E

Miscellaneous Historical Horaries on Fugitives and Thefts

Goods stolen, who was thief? William Lilly (England’s Prophetical Merlin, p.132ff.) (See chart overleaf) resolved,92

This question is when the goods are certainly known to be stolen, by the peregrine planet in the ascendant, midheaven, 7th or 2nd. I could never find any truth in a peregrine planet in the 4th; if none be in the houses aforesaid, take the lord of the 7th, &c. c in this scheme being out of all dignities, posited in the 10th house and very near the cusp thereof; I said, it was such a one as is signified by c, viz. a fellow of middle stature,93 strong and well set, broad large shoulders, a wrangling swearing fellow, of some earthly sordid occupation, that did frequently do drudgeries in the house,94 of a dark flaxen curling hair, a sunburnt complexion, and some material in or graze (?) near the left eye.95 I described h, a more elderly man,96 to be also mistrusted, but in my judgement acquitted him:97 I said further, because both the R and ` applied to c, the fellow had two sweethearts at that time, and that the man signified by h, was a very friend of the thieves, &c.98 Upon my words the party applied himself to such a man as I described, and he well knew, and had part of his goods again: for ` in the second house promiseth part, but not all, because _ lord of the second was retrograde.99 That is, this type of question is judged in this manner, (when there is no doubt the goods have been stolen). Most of the ensuing physical details concur with Lilly’s description of the corporature of those signified by c, given in Christian Astrology, (p.67). Generally, the hair is “red or sandy flaxen, and many times crisping or curling”, but the placement of c in the nocturnal earth sign Ä darkens the hair and emphasises “large, strong shoulders” (C.A., p.94). 94 Familiarity with the house may be derived from the rulership of c over the 4th house; it’s placement in its sign of detriment describing a menial occupation (of a Taurean type), crudeness and low social standing. 95 Affliction to the left eye is judged from the R, which governs the left eye of men, (C.A., p.247). The R is unfortunate by its location in the 8th house and its close aspect to the angular but debilitated c, which suggests some kind of mark or wound in that area. The text describing the affliction to the left eye is unclear; the following graphic shows how these words appear in the 1644 edition: 96 h naturally describes an older man than c (C.A., p.337). 92 93

h is also peregrine in an angle. Multiple peregrine planets in the same sign indicate of more than one thief, but this is contradicted by the rule that if the thief’s significator is in a fixed sign, the thief acts alone (C.A., p.339). Lilly appears to judge h to signify someone who knew the thief but was not directly involved in the theft, since h lacks dignity but is not a destructive planet in the chart. There are a number of reasons why h offers promising indications for the recovery of the goods (described in the footnote below). 98 Besides the closeness of their significators, c and h are in mutual reception by term, and h rules the 11th house from the 7th (the house that has natural signification for thief). 99 The relevant indications of recovery, as described by Griffin, are: 97

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APPENDIX E

13 July 1644 [OS] 6:31 am LMT, London R from u`== to q=c, s=_, q=h Day: i=|=Hour: h= Regio cusps

Unless for a very friend, I hate thievish questions: which usually bring scandal to the artist: few men believing the person of the thief can be described by any lawful art, as also many times the party is mistaken, one man being accused for another, and so much mischief comes thereon: for if the artist describe a person anything near to the shape of the party they mistrust, they build confidently on the judgement. Let us do what we can to contradict them. I have known the judicious to have benefited themselves very much by our judgement, and to have recovered beyond expectation, &c. And so on the contrary. ªªª •

If the Moon apply to the lord of the second house [_] by trine or sextile [s], the goods stolen shall be recovered; (p.49).

•

If the lord of the second [_] be bodily joined to the lord of the eighth [h] or by aspect [q], the querent shall have his goods again, or satisfaction for them of the thief; (p.52). (Lilly considers this an indication against recovery; cf., C.A., p.358).

•

If the lord of the hour [h] be fortunately placed and strongly aspecting the lord of the first or second [q= _], it notes recovery; (p.53). It is debatable whether h, as a peregrine planet, can be described as “fortunately placed”, but it is well placed accidentally in the 10th, and receives an applying sextile from the R in the 8th.

•

If the Moon, Jupiter, or Venus be fortunate in the second or first, it shows good hopes of recovery; (p.53). Although Lilly refers to the placement of ` in the 2nd house as his main indication of recovery, prospects are lessened by the dubious essential state of `, which is in its own triplicity and face, but also debilitated in its sign of fall.

•

If the Moon applies to her disposer [qh], or to the lord of the term she is in [s_] by conjunction, trine, or sextile, it notes recovery; (p.53).

•

If the lord of the second [_] be joined by sextile or trine to any planet in the second [q= `], it notes recovery; (p.53). Note Griffin’s instruction on p.51; that judgment of how much restoration there will be depends on the strength or weakness of the lord of the second. Lilly points out that the retrograde motion of Mercury hinders the prospect of full recovery, concurring with his comment in Christian Astrology, (p.357): If the 2nd house be hindered of the lord thereof, it cannot be that all shall be found and recovered.

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APPENDIX E

A fugitive servant, which way gone, when return? William Lilly (Christian Astrology, p.390ff.)

25 Feb., 1645 [OS] 10:30 am LMT, London R from sM== to r=i, q=h Day: c=|=Hour: R= Regio cusps]

The ascendant, and _ in â, together with c posited in the ascendant, did signify the master of the servant, who was short of stature,100 corpulent, of a good complexion, and ruddy, fresh countenance; his fatness I conceive from the north latitude of _,101 which was about one degree; as also, that the degrees ascending were in the terms of c, in an airy sign, and in the face or decanate of M, now posited in a watery sign, and in partile trine to R, both in moist signs, which argued a phlegmatic, full body, &c. The significator of the servant was c peculiarly in this figure,102 although many times _= shall signify a fugitive servant: the servant was a young fellow of about nineteen,103 a well

100 _ usually indicates “high stature” (C.A., p.78), but this is lessened in â, which “presents a squat, thick corporature, or one of a strong, well composed body, not tall” (C.A., p.99). 101 Lilly writes that persons are described as fat “If the significator have much latitude from the ecliptic, be retrograde or in his first station” and lean “The significator having small latitude, or direct, or in his second station” (C.A., p.363) 102 As ruler of the 6th house of servants. 103 Mars naturally signifies young or vigorous men, but the age range is expected to be higher when it is occidental, as in this chart. However, youth is indicated by the placement of Mars on the ascendant and the Moon increasing in light (C.A., p.337-338).

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APPENDIX E

set fellow, short, big jointed, broad and full faced, dark brown hair, his teeth growing illfavouredly, a sun-burnt, obscure complexion, yet the skin of his body clear.104 I observe that he went away from his master the Sunday preceding,105 at what time the R was in Å, a western sign; and that now c, the significator of the fellow, was in the same sign;106 as also, that _ the common significator of servants, was in â, a western sign, but south quarter of Heaven; it is true that Å hath some relation to the south quarter, and â to the north. I judged from hence that the servant went westward at his first departing, and that at the time of the question, he was west from the querent’s house; and this I judged because c was angular, and every way as strong as the R, otherwise I should have judged by the R. Forasmuch as c, the significator of the servant, and _ lord of the ascendant, were suddenly hastening to a trine out of angles, I judged, that within a day or two he should have his servant again. I found the R in the second, in her own house; the servant being a part of his master’s estate, I judged from hence also, that the master should not lose, but recover forthwith his lost goods; and the rather, for that the R was in the second, and in perfect s of the M in the eleventh, both of them in the mediety107 ascending: the nearness of c to the degree ascending, made me judge the servant was not above three or four houses westward from his masters house.108 The truth is, that upon Friday following, betimes in the morning,109 he came home, and said he had been at Kingston upon Thames; which if true, then he was full west, or a little to the south, and near a great water, viz. the Thames, as R in Ç did or might signify.110 ªªª

Gemini makes the complexion and hair dark (C.A., p.95). No chart data is provided in Christian Astrology, but computer recalculation (as shown in the modern chart graphic) shows it was asked on Tuesday 25 February, 1645 using the Julian calendar (the Gregorian calendar equivalent is 7 March). The previous Sunday was 23 February (JC), when the Moon, at noon, was at 21°Å. 106 The text says “in the same sign”, but the use of the word “now” seems odd, since the motion of c is too slow for any doubt that it would have been in the same sign a few days before. Lilly may have meant “in the same degree”, since the R was in the latter of Å on Sunday, and entered the 27th degree around 9:00pm that evening. 107 Mediety: half; i.e., both were in the ascending half of the chart. 108 This detail of the judgement was obviously proven wrong by the servant’s account. 109 Betimes: early, within a short time. On Friday morning the Moon was between the 25th and 27th degree of É (entered 25th degree at 5:00 am and 28th at 11:00 am), so bringing its emphasis to the union of the main significators by simultaneously aspecting c on the ascendant and _ in the midheaven. 110 Lilly was working in London, so we might expect the master lived somewhere in the vicinity of London too. The modern map (right) shows the relative direction of Kingston upon Thames from Lilly’s ‘corner-house’ on the Strand, a distance of about 10 miles as the crow flies. Unfortunately, Lilly does not specify where the master’s house was, and if he lived further south of the Thames, Kingston would have been more directly west, as Lilly describes. 104 105

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APPENDIX E

A dog missing, where? William Lilly (Christian Astrology, p.392ff.)

29 Aug, 1646 [OS] 4:02pm LMT, London R from r=i= (last aspect in previous sign) to q=c, o=M,=s=i Day: i=|=Hour: c= Regio cusps]

Living in London where we have few or no small cattle, [such] as sheep, hogs, or the like, as in the country; I cannot give [an] example of such creatures, only I once set the figure preceding concerning a dog (who is in the nature of small beasts) which was fled or missing. The quere unto me was, what part of the city they should search, next if he should ever recover him. The querent was signified by the sign ascending and the lord thereof; and indeed in his person he was Saturnine, and vitiated according to cauda111 in the ascendant, in his stature, mind or understanding; that is, [he] was a little deformed in body, and extreme covetous in disposition, &c. The sign of the sixth and his lord signifies the dog; so must they have done if it had been a sheep or sheep, hogs, conies, &c, or any small cattle. The sign of Å is west and by south, the quarter of heaven is west; _ the significator of the dog, is in Ö a western sign but southern quarter of heaven, tending to the west; the R is in Ñ, a south-west sign, and verging to the western angle. The strength of the testimonies examined, I found the plurality to signify the west, and therefore I judged that the dog ought to be westward from the place where the owner lived, which was at Temple-bar. Wherefore I judged that the dog was about Long-acre, or upper part of Drury Lane. In regard that _, 111

Cauda: tail (of the dragon); i.e., the south node. Page | 39

APPENDIX E

significator of the beast, was in a sign of the same triplicity that Å his ascendant is,112 which signifies London, and did apply to a trine of the cusp of the 6th house, I judged the dog was not out of the lines of communication, but in the same quarter; of which I was more confirmed by M and i their s. The sign wherein Mercury is in, is Ö, an airy sign, I judged the dog was in some chamber or upper room,113 kept privately, or in great secrecy: because R was under the beams of the M, and _, R and M were in the eighth house;114 but because the M on Monday following did apply by s dexter to i lord of the ascendant, and R to q of c, having exaltation in the ascendant; I intimated, that in my opinion he should have his dog again, or news of his dog or small beast upon Monday following, or near that time; which was true; for a gentleman of the querent’s acquaintance, sent home the dog the very same day about ten in the morning, who by accident coming to see a friend in Long-acre, found the dog chained up under a table, and knowing the dog to be the querent’s, sent him home, as abovesaid, to my very great credit.115 Yet, notwithstanding this, I cannot endure questions of fugitives or thefts, nor ever would have done anything, but with intention to benefit posterity. Usually, I find that all fugitives go by the R, and as she varies her sign, so the fugitive wavers and shifts in his flight, and declines more or less to east, west, north or south; but when the question is demanded, then without doubt you must consider the strength both of the significator and the R, and judge by the stronger. If both be equivalent in fortitudes, judge either by the significator, if he best personate the fugitive, or by the R, if she most resemble him; with relation to either of them that comes nearest in aspect to the cusp of the house, from whence signification is taken. ªªª

Rule in CA or Griffin , for triplicity = closeby. The signification of Ö for places includes “the upper rooms in houses, chambers, garrets [i.e., attics], one chamber within another” (C.A., p.96). A chamber is a private room; very often it means the bedroom, but it could also mean any enclosed or private space. 114 The R’s virtue is in the 8th house, not the 7th, because it is within 5° of the 8th cusp (see C.A., p.151). 115 The 18th century map of London (below) shows the direction of Long-acre from the querent’s home in Temple Bar; the distance between them is about 1 mile. 112 113

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APPENDIX E

Money lost, who stole it? If recoverable? William Lilly (Christian Astrology, p.395ff.)

24 May, 1647 [OS] 4:48pm LMT, London R from oM= to q=c Day: R=|=Hour: h= Regio cusps]

Scorpio here ascends, and partly represents the querent’s person, Mars his mind and disposition, who being in square with Mercury and Saturn gave sufficient intimation unto me of the inclination of the querent, who was sufficiently ill conditioned, arrogant, proud, wasteful, &c. Mars is here in the 25th degree and 2nd minute of Leo, is angular, and but two minutes entered his own terms, yet being in his decanate I refused him for significator of the thief, and that justly, nor indeed was he. In the next place, although Saturn was in the angle of the west, yet did I find him in his own terms, and decanate; I also passed by him. In the next place, I found Mercury in 24.42.Taurus, lately separated or rather in square of Mars, and now almost in partile conjunction with Saturn; him I found truly peregrine, viz. having no essential dignity where he is, therefore I adjudged Mercury to be significator of the thief. But whether Mercury signified male or female, was the dispute, as also the corporature, quality, &c. The angles are part masculine, part feminine, no certain judgment could therefore arise from thence; the Moon was in a masculine sign, applied to a masculine planet in a masculine sign, and Mercury usually is convertible in nature, according to the nature of the planet he

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APPENDIX E

is in aspect with: he is now in aspect with Mars, and in conjunction with Saturn; hence I judged the sex to be male. And said it was a young youth of some fifteen or sixteen: young, because Mercury ever signifies youth; but more young, because the Moon was so near the Sun, and scarce separated from him, I said he was of reasonable stature, thin visaged, hanging eyebrows, a long forehead, some blemish or scars in the face, because Mars cast his square dexter to Mercury; bad eye-sight because Mercury is with evil fixed stars, of the nature of Mars and Moon; a sad hair, because of his nearness to Saturn; but of a scurvy countenance, one formerly a thief or suspected for such knaveries: in regard Mercury the youth his significator was in conjunction with Saturn lord of the third & fourth, I judged he was some neighbour’s child; and as the Moon was in Gemini and Mercury in Taurus, I conceived he dwelt either opposite to the querent or a little southwest; and because the Part of Fortune was in the ascendant, and disposed by Mars lord of the ascendant in the tenth, and the Moon applied to his sextile aspect, and was within four degrees of the aspect: I judged he should not only hear of, but have his money within four days after the question. He believed not one word I said, but would needs persuade me, that a woman-servant signified by Mars, was one thief, and Saturn was another; but I stood firm to the true rules of art, and would not consent unto it, because both these planets were essentially dignified. The event proved directly true as I had manifested, both as to the person described, and to the day of the money returned, which was within three days after. ªªª

Fish stolen William Lilly (Christian Astrology, p.397ff.)

10 Feb, 1637 [OS] 9:00 am LMT Walton-on-Thames R from uh= to q=_ Day: i=|=Hour: c= Regio cusps]

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APPENDIX E

Living in the country 1637, I had bought at London some fish for my provision in Lent; it came down by the barge at Walton, on Saturday the 10th of February. One of the watermen, instead of bringing my fish home, acquainted me, their warehouse was robbed last night, and my fish stolen: I took the exact time when I first heard the report, and erected the figure accordingly, endeavouring to give myself satisfaction what became of my goods, and, of possible, to recover part or all of them again. I first observed, there was no peregrine planet in [an] angle but h whom I found upon the cusp of the seventh house; The thing I lost was fish, therefore any gentleman would scorn such a course commodity. I considered the signification of h in Ü, a moist sign, and the significator of my goods, viz. _, that he was in ä, a moist sign, and that K was in Ç, a moist sign. Discretion, together with art, assisted me to think he must be a man whose profession or calling was to live upon the water, that had my goods, and that they were in some moist place, or in some low rooms, because K was in Ç, and the R in Ä, an earthly sign.116 I was confident I should hear of my goods again, because _, lord of my house of substance, was applied unto by a q of R, who was lady of my K: and yet without hopes of recovering them, because _ lord of my second, was in his fall and detriment; but as he was in his own terms, and had a s aspect to K, there was hopes of some of my goods.117 There being never a waterman in that town of Walton near unto the description of h in Ü, I examined what fisherman there was of that complexion; and because c lord of the 7th was departing the sign Ü, viz. his own, and entering another sign, I examined if never a fisherman of c and h his nature had lately sold any land, or was leaving his proper house, and going to another habitation; such a one I discovered, and that he was much suspected of thievery, who was a good fellow,118 lived near the Thames-side, and was a mere fisherman, Ä signifies “in houses: cellars, low rooms” and Ç=signifies “cellars in houses” (C.A., pp.94-95). The relevant indications of recovery, as described by Griffin, are: • If the Moon apply to the lord of the second house [_] by trine or sextile [q], the goods stolen shall be recovered; (p.49). • According to the lord of the second house give judgement; (p.49). This is in respect to how much restitution there will be in the recovery of the goods, when the recovery is indicated by an application involving the lord of the 2nd house. Lilly points out that _ is in its fall and detriment, so there is little prospect of full restoration, but by being in its own terms a little restoration is possible. Another aphorism (p.51) advises to consider whether the 2nd-ruler is essentially strong and making a good aspect to the 2nd-cusp, as this presents an indication of recovery. _ is essentially afflicted and r the 2nd-cusp, again suggesting that any recovery will have impediment attached to it. • If the lord of the lord of the ascendant and lord of the hour, or one of them be in the seventh house [c=is lord of the hour and in the 7th house] it shall be found in a few days. If the lord of the ascendant or lord of the hour [c] has a good aspect to the Sun, the thing lost shall be had again; (p.52). The aspect between c and M is a not “good”, but they are close in orb to a r, which may indicate a recovery which is does not full restoration of the goods. • If the lord of the second [_] doth apply luckily to the Part of Fortune, and the Part of the Fortune be in the first, second, seventh or tenth houses, it gives knowledge of the goods, and the thief that stole them; (p.52). K is not in the 1st, 2nd, 7th or 10th house, but is angular in the 4th, and Lilly considered the s between _ and K as a major testimony for the possibility of some restoration of his goods. • If the Moon, Jupiter, or Venus be fortunate in the second or first, it shows good hopes of recovery; (p.53). The R is in the 1st house, strongly dignified in its sign of exaltation and its own face. 118 By “good fellow” Lilly probably means he has the Jupiterian trait of being affable towards others. Traditionally, the phrase would describe someone who was not of a high class, and so had no airs and graces. 116

117

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APPENDIX E

or man conversant in water; for all significators in watery signs, argued, he must needs live near the water, or a watery place, that stole the goods, or be much conversant in waters. The man that was the thief was a fisherman, of good stature, thick, full bodied, fair of complexion, a red or yellowish hair. I procured a warrant from a justice of peace, and reserved it privately until Sunday the eighth of February following, and then with a constable and the barge-man, I searched only that one house of this fisherman suspected; I found part of my fish in water, part eaten, part not consumed, all confessed. This jest happened in the search; a part of my fish being in a bag, it happened the thief stole the bag as well as the fish; the barge-man, whose sack it was, being in the same room where the bag was, and oft looking upon it (being clean washed) said to the woman of the house, woman, so I may have my sack which I lost that night, I care not: the woman answered; she had never a sack but that which her husband brought home the same night as the fish. I am persuaded the barge-man looked upon the sack twenty times before, and knew it not, for the woman had washed it clean: I as heavily complained to the woman for 7 Portugal onions which I lost; she not knowing what they were, made pottage with them, as she said. The remainder of my fish I freely remitted, though the hireling priest of Walton affirmed I had satisfaction for it, but he never hurt himself with a lie. So that you see the peregrine planet in an angle describes the thief, and that neither the Sun or Moon in the ascendant, and in essential dignities, gives assured hopes of discovering who it was; the application of Moon to the lord of the second, argues recovery; a full recovery, if both the Moon and the lord of the second be essentially dignified; part, if accidentally fortified; a discovery, but no recovery, if they apply and be both peregrine. ªªª

10 Feb, 1637 [OS] 9:00 am LMT Walton-on-Thames R from uh= to q=_ Day: i=|=Hour: c= Regio cusps]

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