HEALTHIER
SPRING 2020
YOU HEART HEALTH
A lifesaving history Signs and symptoms
HEALTHIER
SPRING 2020
YOU
Table of Contents 3
Heart Related Symptoms
4
History of the American Heart Association
7
Quick tips on eating less Sodium
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HEALTHIER YOU
Heart Related Symptoms Stroke Symptoms Spot a stroke F.A.S.T. Face drooping Does one side of the face droop or is it numb? Ask the person to smile.
Arm weakness Is one arm weak or numb? Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward?
Speech difficulty Is speech slurred, are they unable to speak, or are they hard to understand? Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence, like “the sky is blue.� Is the sentence repeated correctly?
Time to call 9-1-1
If the person shows any of these symptoms, even if the symptoms go away, call 9-1-1 and get them to the hospital immediately.
Heart Attack Symptoms Chest discomfort Most heart attacks involve discomfort in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes away and comes back. It can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain.
Discomfort in other areas of the upper body Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach.
Shortness of breath with or without chest discomfort.
Other signs may include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or light-headedness.
Cardiac Arrest Symptoms Sudden loss of responsiveness No response to tapping on shoulders.
No normal breathing The victim does not take a normal breath when you tilt the head up and check for at least five seconds.
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The American Heart Association Our Lifesaving History
Our Early History
Here is a timeline of American Heart Association milestones in more than 90 years of lifesaving history:
Before the American Heart Association existed, people with heart disease were thought to be doomed to complete bed rest — or destined to imminent death. But a handful of pioneering physicians and social workers believed it didn’t have to be that way. They conducted studies to learn more about heart disease, America’s No. 1 killer. Then, on June 10, 1924, they met in Chicago to form the American Heart Association — believing that scientific research could lead the way to better treatment, prevention and ultimately a cure. The early American Heart Association enlisted help from hundreds, then thousands, of physicians and scientists. “We were living in a time of almost unbelievable ignorance about heart disease,” said Paul Dudley White, one of six cardiologists who founded the organization. In 1948, the association reorganized, transforming from a professional scientific society to a nationwide voluntary health organization composed of science and lay volunteers and supported by professional staff. Since then, the AHA has grown rapidly in size and influence — nationally and internationally — into an organization of more than 33 million volunteers and supporters dedicated to improving heart health and reducing deaths from cardiovascular diseases and stroke.
1915
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Looking for Answers: Nearly a decade before the formal creation of the American Heart Association, physicians and social workers convene to find more answers about the mysteries of heart disease.
1924 American Heart Association is Founded: Six cardiologists form the American Heart Association as a professional society for doctors. One of the founders, Dr. Paul Dudley White, described the early years as a time of “almost unbelievable ignorance” about heart disease.
1925 Scientific Sessions Begins: The AHA holds its first Scientific Sessions meeting where scientists and healthcare professionals learn the latest developments. The meeting, held every year since except for during World War II, grows to become the largest annual cardiovascular meeting in the United States and a leading international destination for the cardiovascular health community. Healthier You — Spring 2020
HEALTHIER YOU
1947 Heart Week Kicks Off: First public campaign kicks off in February to celebrate National Heart Week.
1948 The AHA Reorganizes: The AHA reorganizes, transforming from a scientific society to a voluntary health organization composed of volunteers and supported by professional staff. Support for the AHA’s mission becomes much more visible, with fundraising activities taking hold in communities and businesses. First Research Grant Awarded: The association awards its first research grant, to Nobel Prize winner Dr. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi. The grant helped fund studies about the energy that muscles, such as the heart, need to contract. In all, the AHA has funded 13 Nobel Prize winners, including nine whose AHA-funded work led to the Nobel Prize.
Life-changing Breakthroughs 1956 Steady Hearts: An external defibrillator successfully returns a quivering heart back to a steady rhythm for the first time in humans. Dr. Paul Zoll leads the study, with funding from the AHA.
1957 First Pacemaker Implanted: The first batteryoperated, wearable pacemaker is implanted in a patient. The research leading to this discovery, pioneered by Dr. William Weirich and funded by the AHA, led to the development of the fully implanted pacemakers used today.
AHA. Production of implantable pacemakers quickly gets underway. The Beginning of Artificial Heart Valve Replacements: The first successful artificial heart valve replacement is performed by Dr. Albert Starr, who received support from the AHA to develop the mechanical heart valve with hydraulic engineer Lowell Edwards. The StarrEdwards valve is still used today, along with other artificial heart valves, improving countless lives.
1961 AHA-Funded Research and CPR: AHA-funded research from Drs. William Kouwenhoven, James Jude and Guy Knickerbocker show how CPR can save lives after cardiac arrest. Their research is reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association. We now know that effective bystander CPR can double or triple chances of survival. Pioneering Microsurgery: Dr. Julius Jacobson performs surgery with the aid of a microscope. He becomes a pioneer in microsurgery with AHA funding. Microsurgery leads to advances in coronary artery surgery, neurosurgery and numerous other procedures.
Recent Achievements 2008 Research Shows Breaths Not Required for CPR: With funding from the AHA, Dr. Gordon Ewy shows uninterrupted, high-quality chest compressions — without mouth-to-mouth respiration — are important for keeping blood circulating to vital organs. As a result, the AHA releases new recommendations that say bystanders can skip mouth-to-mouth and use Hands-Only CPR to help an adult who suddenly collapses. AHA Issues Statement on Hands-Only CPR: The AHA releases a statement about Hands-Only CPR, saying that bystanders who witness the sudden collapse of
1960 Implantable Pacemakers Make Way: The first successful surgeries for completely implantable pacemakers are reported by Dr. William Chardack, who received funding from the Advertising Supplement to the Standard-Examiner
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an adult should dial 911 and provide high-quality chest compressions by pushing hard and fast in the middle of the victim’s chest. This is a departure from traditional CPR that requires rescue breaths. Nobel Prize Awarded to Early AHA-Funded Researcher: Dr. Martin Chalfie wins the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing green fluorescent protein as a genetic tag to see inside living cells, including heart cells, to better understand how the cells are made and how they work. The AHA funded Chalfie earlier in his career.
2009 AHA Advocacy Efforts Help Lead to Tobacco Oversight: The AHA helps lead the way in the passage of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The law lets the FDA regulate tobacco, bans candy-flavored cigarettes and adds large warning labels to tobacco products. Billboard advertising near schools is banned, and tobacco companies can no longer alter their products to make them more addictive or to make misleading health claims.
AHA Institute for Precision Cardiovascular Medicine: Through the institute, the AHA provides funding for researchers focused on mining massive volumes of data in their quest to solve a range of heart disease issues. The institute began collecting, linking and leveraging patients’ data to help improve heart health.
2018 Resuscitation Quality Improvement Partners: The AHA and Laerdal Medical establish RQI Partners as a legal, joint venture — a big step toward realizing our bold vision of a world where no one dies from cardiac arrest. The for-profit subsidiary partnership focuses on the Resuscitation Quality Improvement® program, the HeartCode® portfolio and solutions being codeveloped with the Resuscitation Academy Foundation.
2019
AHA Grantee wins Nobel Prize: Gregg L. Semenza, M.D., Ph.D., of Johns Hopkins University was co-awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovery of how cells sense and acclimate to oxygen availability, the mechanism for one of life’s most essential adaptive 2020 Impact Goal Announced: The AHA announces processes. He shares the prize with William G. Kaelin Jr., a major goal to improve the cardiovascular health of all M.D., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston and Sir Americans by 20 percent while reducing deaths from Peter J. Ratcliffe, M.D., of the University of Oxford, Engcardiovascular disease and stroke by 20 percent by 2020. land, and Francis Crick Institute in London. Their collabPrevention is a major focus of the 2020 Impact Goal. orative work established the basis for understanding how oxygen levels affect cellular metabolism and physiological function, paving the way for promising new strategies to AHA Leads Heart Disease and Stroke Research fight cardiovascular disease and many other acute and Funding: After 65 years of funding research, AHA’s invest- chronic conditions, including anemia and cancer. Dr. ment in heart disease and stroke research totals more than Semenza has received five AHA research grants. The As$3.5 billion. The AHA is the leading funder of heart disease sociation’s support of his now Nobel Prize winning work and stroke research outside the federal government. on HIF-1 began in 1993.
2010
2014
2016 One Brave Idea: The AHA establishes One Brave Idea, an unprecedented research initiative awarding $75 million to one team focused on curing heart disease. It’s funded through an alliance of the AHA, Verily and AstraZeneca.
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More than 90 years of saving lives
HEALTHIER YOU
Eat Less Sodium: Quick tips Use this shopping list to find lower-sodium foods when you are at the grocery store.
Check the label. Use the Nutrition Facts label to check the amount of sodium in foods and compare different options. Try to choose products with 5% Daily Value (DV) or less. A sodium content of 20% DV or more is high. Look for foods labeled “low sodium,” “reduced sodium,” or “no salt added.” But keep in mind that some low-sodium foods don’t have those labels. Check the Nutrition Facts label to be sure!
Make healthy shifts.
Nine out of 10 Americans eat more sodium (salt) than they need. Eating too much sodium can lead to high blood pressure. High blood pressure can raise your risk of having a heart attack or stroke. The good news is that cutting down on sodium can help lower your blood pressure or keep it at a healthy level. To eat less sodium, you don’t have to make lots of changes at once. Use these tips to help lower the amount of sodium in your diet.
Swap out foods that are higher in sodium for healthier options. You can: Snack on unsalted nuts instead of salted pretzels or chips. Choose skinless chicken and turkey, lean meats, or seafood instead of deli meats or sausages. Go for vegetables that are fresh, frozen, or canned. Pick frozen vegetables without sauce and canned vegetables with the least amount of sodium.
Know your sodium limit. Ask your doctor how much sodium is okay for you. The general guidance is: Healthy adults and teens age 14 and older need to limit their sodium intake to no more than 2,300 mg a day. For people with high blood pressure – and people with blood pressure that’s between normal and high – limiting sodium to 1,500 mg a day may be helpful. Children under age 14 need no more than 1,500 to 2,200 mg a day of sodium, depending on how old they are.
Making your own meals is a great way to eat less sodium, because you are in control of what goes into your food. If you use canned foods, rinse them before eating or cooking with them. This will wash away some of the salt. Use condiments and spreads that are unsalted or lower in sodium. If you use regular spreads, use less. Don’t add salt to the water when you cook pasta or rice. Try different herbs and spices to flavor your food, like ginger or garlic, instead of salt. Take the salt shaker off your table.
Shop for low-sodium foods.
Get less salt when you eat out.
Most of the sodium we eat doesn’t come from our salt shakers. Sodium is in almost all the processed and prepared foods we buy – even foods that don’t taste salty, like bread or tortillas. When you are shopping, limit these items that are high in sodium: Processed meats, poultry, and seafood – like deli meats, sausages, and sardines Sauces, dressings, and condiments Instant foods, like flavored rice or noodles.
Cook more at home.
Ask if there are any lower-sodium dishes on the menu. When you order, ask that salt not be added to your food. Get dressings and sauces on the side so you can add only as much as you need.
Add more potassium to your diet. Replace high-sodium foods with high-potassium foods. Eating foods with potassium can help lower your blood pressure. Good sources of potassium include potatoes, cantaloupe, bananas, beans, milk, and yogurt.
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Back Pain & Sciatica - What Now? Dr. Nathan J. Savage, DPT, PhD recently published a study entitled “The prognostic value of electrodiagnostic testing in patients with sciatica receiving physical therapy” (European Spine Journal, March 2015, Volume 24, Issue 3, pp 434-443). While this is an excellent paper (trust me!), not many folks surf medical journals for information about how they can find relief for their back pain. That being said, this article will summarize the findings of my research in a concise and (hopefully!) understandable way. Additionally, this article will provide specific recommendations that will help individuals suffering from back pain or sciatica improve their condition and treat their pain more effectively.
CHRONIC BACK PAIN & SCIATICA Most back pain is considered ‘mechanical’, meaning the pain arises from dysfunction or injury to the joints and surrounding soft tissue including muscles. Mechanical back pain results in stiffness, pain, weakness, lack of mobility, and poor function. Sciatica - a specific kind of back pain - commonly occurs after a bulging or herniated spinal disc and results in radiating lower extremity symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, and burning. In most patients with sciatica the lower extremity symptoms are more intense than their back pain! Patients with sciatica are at higher risk for developing chronic back pain symptoms and (if not treated properly) are more likely to require costly and invasive treatments including surgery.
DIAGNOSIS Back pain can present in a variety of ways including stiffness, limited motion, pain with movement, and
weakness. Patients with sciatica have radiating lower extremity symptoms but not all patients with sciatica have evidence of nerve injury. My research showed that this is an important distinction. Patients suffering from sciatica are often referred for electrodiagnostic testing in order to determine if they have nerve root injury associated with their symptoms. Electrodiagnostic testing, consisting of needle electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies is considered the “gold standard” test for investigating the health of your spinal nerve roots.
KEY FINDINGS The most significant finding of my research is that among patients with chronic back pain or sciatica receiving Physical Therapy those with evidence of nerve root injury recovered faster and more completely than patients with normal test results. In other words, an abnormal EMG was predictive of better recovery! This surprises most people because usually an abnormal diagnostic test is BAD news.
TREATMENT Based on the findings of my research, I recommend that individuals suffering from chronic back pain or sciatica schedule an examination, which may include electrodiagnostic testing, to determine if they have evidence of nerve root injury. Based on the results of your examinations we can then discuss a comprehensive treatment approach for treating your pain, including spinal manipulation, joint mobilization, dry needling, and other specific therapeutic exercises including our Advanced Spine Care program.
FREE CONSULTATION Don’t suffer! My research clearly shows that Physical Therapy is an effective treatment approach for chronic back pain and sciatica. If you want to learn more about our treatment approaches schedule a FREE consultation in our South Ogden clinic to discuss how our individual, specialized care will benefit you! 8
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Healthier You — Spring 2020
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Healthier You — Spring 2020
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Should You Attend the Funeral? By Shaun Myers, President of Myers Mortuary here are some things in life that you may not enjoy doing, but it’s important to do anyway. If someone you know has passed away, or if a friend’s loved one has passed away, you should consider attending the funeral or memorial service. If you are not sure what’s expected, here are some things to consider. Depending on the situation and cause of death, funerals can be a solemn event. On the other hand people call a funeral service a “celebration of life”. They want to remember the positive legacy and faith of their loved one. Your attendance at the funeral is an important part of that legacy. It shows your concern, compassion and sympathy. There are always tender emotions felt during such times. You can minimize the possibility of creating unnecessarily uncomfortable situations by knowing some basic funeral etiquette. This is a time to show your respect for the deceased and the family. It is a beautiful opportunity to offer sympathy to others for their loss. Since funerals are emotional events, you always need to be on your best behavior. To do otherwise would make a sad situation worse. What to Wear Black has traditionally been the color for those in mourning, but this has changed in recent years. Black is always acceptable. However, choosing other colors and prints does not show disrespect as long as you keep the tones subdued. Dress modestly; a funeral is not the place to show too much skin. Women may wear dresses, pantsuits, or skirts and blouses. Your clothing should not call too much attention. Men are generally safe wearing suits or dress slacks and jacket. Pallbearers should always dress conservatively. Expressing Sympathy Before you go, think of some very short, heartfelt expressions so you won’t accidentally let slip something inappropriate. Even if it’s unintentional, this is one time you want to avoid a blunder. Feelings and emotions are always tender and more sensitive during this time. Here are some examples of what you might say: • I am so sorry about your loss. • I know how much she was loved by everyone who knew her. • We will all miss him very much. • She was such a sweet woman, and everyone who knew her will miss her very much. • He loved his family and friends.
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If you have time and the opportunity, you may want to share a brief personal experience. Its best to portray the deceased in a respectful and positive light. Remember, there will probably be someone else waiting who would like to offer some words of sympathy. Viewing or Visitation It is common that mourners have a gathering before the funeral where family members may mingle with visitors who want to express their condolences. Often the casket or urn is in a state room with the family. Sometimes the casket is open for anyone who wishes to view the deceased. Flower arrangements that have been sent for the funeral are often on display in this room. Speak in soft tones and avoid outbursts of any kind of emotion. A few tears are understandable, but if you begin to sob, excuse yourself and leave the room. Funeral and Memorial Services Memorial services are often some of the most inspiring services where faith, love, accomplishments and histories are shared. During the memorial service, music, prayers, eulogies and talks may be offered. Remain quiet and respectful toward the religious customs of the deceased, even if yours are different. It is an honor to be asked to participate at a funeral service. Talk to the funeral director, bishop or priest about anything you are unsure of prior to the funeral. After the Funeral Follow up with a phone call to the surviving spouse or close family member a week after the funeral is over. This is a good time to offer assistance, such as mowing the lawn, helping with housework, or babysitting if there are small children. You could also offer to bring a meal or go out to lunch if appropriate. In our changing world, one thing does not change – relationships we have with our family and friends. Supporting others during good times is easy. When hard times come, showing your love and respect to others is one of the highest and most noble signs of true friendship. Yes, you should go to the funeral.
Healthier You — Spring 2020
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