St Edmund Hall Magazine 1932-33 by St Edmund Hall

The block used for the small print of the Hall appearing on the cover is kindly lent by the executors of the late Mr. E. H . New, 36 Frenchay Road, Oxford, from whom the original engraving, 13t by 12 inches in size, m ay be obtained, price one guinea.

HALL GRO U P. 1932 .

K e y lo til e Hall Group, 1932 .

Th e 11arn es are gi<•e11 fr o·rn left to right as viewed l>y th e ·reader .

Back R ow.-!. L. Serrailli er, E . E . Lowe, J. N. Appelbe, P . N. Longridge, M. R . Brown , G . K. B. E\·ens, L. P . Mosdell, R . J. Vaughan, A. J. Youn g , F . E. R. Du cker, H . li. H aynes , W. Cha rlton, J . Brad ley , A. D. Ba il ey, v\I . W. S. March, C. Broadhead, E. C. R. H adfi eld, M. W. Scott, M. I'. \ ' id a l-Hall, K . W. T . J ones, G. S . Bessey, D. A. H. Wright, (i. T. Brett. Secvud Row.-G. C . R. Barker, ,\ . \1onkm an, T . G. C. vVoodford, J. ti. Richard s, J. E. Mowll , P. C. Pa lmer, \V. A. Hult, C. J. Hayes , G . S. Keen, G. H . W. White, W. L. H erbert, J. R. H ayston , F. Yates, C. S. J ones, F. D . Lota n, D. J. A. Lobb, J. G. \Vea thersto n, G. B. Timms, J . F. T a it.

Third Row.-M. G. Robi nson, P .. \. \.V"orner, G. E. P ri ce, P. J. Britton, !\I. H ea ley, C . W. Boot hroyd, J. C. :\ ield , C. C. Reid, E . J. R . Burro ugh, C. C. H . 'Worrall, R. B. I. P a tes , H. Hedl ey, A. Robin son , E. J . Bowden, B . E. To la nd, B . B. V.' ard, H . N. Savory, K. D. Beld en. Fourth Roiv.-E. A . . H . H ea rd, E. T. H a lstead, H. Gore-Booth, .·\. B. Codling, B . Seton, G . D . Clu er, F. T. Okc ly, A. D. Browne, L. Thorpe, A. W. Keith-Stee le, .-\. K. Barton, H . K . Pusey, .-\.(i. H opewell , S. :\. R . G uest , J . McDonaugh, T. J. Child s, E. E. Hughes , S . F . Parsons. Fifth How, seated.-A . W. U. Roberts, R . G . Cornwell, E. L. H . Ke nt ti eld, t he Re\'. A. M. Fa rrer (Chaplai n), the Rev. R. F . W . Fletcher, the Rev. J. S. Brewis (\'i ce-Prin cip al) , Mr . .-\. B. Emden (Principa l), Mr. G. R. Brewis (Seni or Tutor), Dr. H.J . Hunt, N. G. Fisher (President of the J .C. R. ), E. L. Phillips, J . I'. Thorp , J. H. T yzac k, J. C . Ya tes, J. F. Cooke, G. S. Ca nsda le. F·ront R ow.- C . R . Oilier, R . (i . R . Ca lvert, C. J. Lowe, V. 7 • J. i\l eredith, F. Cooke, H . E. P acker, H . R . Orton, R. ·c. P oston, I'. \\'i th erington, K. Mort im ore, D. H. \Vill son, E. V.1 . S la ught er.

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W". Leech, F . !\'I. A. Fa rrer,

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE. Vol. III, No. 2.

DECEMBER, i932,

EDITORS. 1932-33 V./. A. HOLT, Editor .. D. H. ' iVILLSON, Asst. Editor.

DE PERSONIS ET REBUS AULARIBUS OF

APPOINTME!\'TS.

HE Principal h as been nominated by the Heb<lomadal Council to a place on the Council of Radley College. The R ev. the Vice-Principal preached the Assize Sermon on June 4.

CONGRATULATIONS.

The congratulations of the Hall are due : To J. F . Cooke on being placed in th e First Class in the Final Honour School of Philosophy, Politics and Economics, and on being appointed a Senior Exhibitioner of the Hall. To H. Gore-Booth on obtaining ' Distinction' in the Final Examination of the School of Agriculture. To G. S. Cansdale and C. J. Mabey on obtaining 'Distinction' in the Final Examination of the School of Forestry. To G. S. Wamsley on obtaining 'Distinction' in the Examination for the Diploma in Theology. To all other members of the Hall who ab examina.t oribus honore digni siirut habiti, especially to the following who were placed in the Second Class in their respective Honour Schools : H. N. Savory (Hon. Classical Moderations); B. B. vVard (Hon. Mathematical Moderations); C. G. Lawrence (Chemistry); ]. M. Edmonds (Geology); P. J. Britton and G. E. Price (Modern Languages); A. K. Barton, M. F. Jerrom and M. G. Robinson (English Language and Literature); W.W. S. March (Literae Humaniores); G. S. Bessey, N. G. Fisher, J. R. Hayston, M. Healey, K. W. T. Jones, D. A. H . Wright, J.C. Yates (Modern History); E. C.R. Hadfield ('Modern Greats').

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

To C. P. R. Clarke on being awarded a Beit Senior Research Scholarship. To J.M. Edmonds on being awarded the Burdett-Coutts Scholarship for research in Geology, on his appointment as a Demonstrator in the University Department of Geology, and on his appointment as a Senior Exhibitioner of the Hall. To F. Cooke, C . J. Hayes, J.E. Jackson and E. E. Lowe on being awarded Heath Harrison Travelling Scholarships in French, and to E. A. H. Heard and A. Robinson who prox ime accessernnt. This achievement constitutes a record amongst Colleges "for this examination. To J. McDonaugh on being awarded a Goldsmiths' Company's Exhibition in Modern History. To F. Cooke, C. J. Hayes, E. E. Lowe and J. McDonaugh on being appointed Honorary Exhibitioners of the Hall. To C. J. Mabey on being elected Captain of the University Hare and Hounds, on again representing the University in the Sports against Cambridge, on being elected President of the Oxford l iniversity Athletic Club, and on tieing for first place in the CrossCountry meeting with Cambridge Âˇin the record time of 42 mins. 38 sees. and thus crowning a historic victory in which the whole Oxford team got home before the first Cambridge man. To H. Moyse-Bartlett on representing the University against Cambridge in the competition for the Heslop Challenge Cup for Miniature Range Shooting. To J. G. Richards on playing for the University at Rugby Fives against Cambridge. To E. L. Phillips, L. Thorpe, C. C. Reid and H. E. Packer on playing for the University at Rugby Football. To W. Charlton on playing for the University at Association Football. To G. A. D. Calderwood on playing for the University at Hockey. To W. A. Nield on playing for the University at Lacrosse. To A. G. Hopewell, A. Monkman, H. E. Packer, C. C. Reid, L. Thorpe, E. M. Thwaites and C. C. H. Worrall on being elected to the Greyhounds. To R. B. I. Pates and W. J. Meredith on being elected to the Centaurs. To T. G. C. Woodford on being elected to the Occasionals. To H. E. Packer and J. G. Richards on being elected to the Au then ties.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

To L. P. Mosdell on winning the 100 Yards Race in the InterCollege Sports, and 011 being elected to the Centipedes. To the Eight (G. T. Brett, stroke; G. S. Keen, 7; A. F. Colborn, 6; M. W. Scott, 5; J.C. Yates, 4; J. F. Tait, 3; P. N . Longridge, 2; J. H. T yzack, bow ; S. A. R. Guest, cox) and their coach, Mr. D. S. Colman, Fellow of the Queen's College, on winning the Junior Challenge Cup at Marlow Regatta. To the Hall members of the Oxford University Officers' Training Corps on winning the Prince of Wales' Cup (the Inter-College Efficiency Trophy) for the second year in succession. To the Rugby Football XV on playing in the final for the InterCollege Cup. To the Association Football XI on playing in the semi-final for the Inter-College Cup, and on being placed second in 'The League.' To the Hockey XI on playing in the semi-final for the InterCollege Cup. To the Cross-Country Team on coming a good second in the Inter-College Cross-Country Race , and especially to C. J. Mabey on tying for first place. To R. A. Sandison on obtaining his Proficiency Certificate as a Pilot in the 0. U. Air Squadron. To G ; S. Cansdale on his efficient editing of the Qxford UniÂˇversit.y Forest S ociety Journal. To J. H. Tyzack (Egmonts Sekretiir), P. C. Palmer (Gomez unter Alba dienend), H. R. Orton (S eifensieder, Biirger von Briissel, and Buyck, Soldat unter Egmont), G. C. R. Barker (Ruysum, Invalide und tm1.b), and especially to E. A. H. Hea rd, who took the part of HerzogvonA lba in the Centenary Performance of Goethe's Egmont given at the Playhouse by the Oxford University German Literary Society. OF

THE SCHOOLS.

HILARY TERM, 1932.

In Schola Literarum Graecarum et La.tinarurn: Class II, H. N. Savory; Class III, A. D. Browne; Class IV, E. J. Bowden, C. S. Jones. TRINITY TERM.

In Facultate Juris Civili pro Gra.dii Baccalaurei: Blass III, N. C. Moses, B.A. In Scientia Naturali : In Chemia (Part I): H. Hedley; (Part 11), Class II, C. G. Lawrence. In Geologia: Class II, J. M. Edmonds.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Jn Literis Modernis: Class II, P. J. Britton (Fr.), G. E. Price (Fr. and Germ.); Class Ill, P.A. Worner (Fr.) . Jn Literis Anglicis: Class JI, A. K. Barton, M. F. Jerrom, M. G. Robinson; Class Ill, A. W. U. Roberts, B. Seton. In Literis Humanioribus: Class II , W. W. S. March; Class IV, N. A. H. Lawrance. Jn Historia Moderna: Class 11, G. S. Bessey, N. G. Fisher, J. R. Hayston, M. Healey, K. W. T. Jones, D. A. H. Wright, J.C. Yates; Class III, G. A. D. Calderwood. In Schola Philosophiae, Politicae, et Oecononiiae: Class I , J. F. Cooke; Class II, E. C. R. Hadfield ; Class Ill, J. C. Nield, L. Thorpe. Jn Schola Disciplinarum Mathematicarnm: Class II, B. B. \Vard; Class 111, W. Charlton. Jn Schola Oeconomiae Rusticae: H. Gore-Booth (with distinction). Jn Schola Oeconomiae Silvarum: G. S. Cansdale (with distinction), C. J. Mabey (with distinction). Examinatoribus Satisfecerunt: Group A.3, A. D. Bailey; Group B.r, A. W. Keith-Steele; Group D., D. J. Cockle; Group E., J. R. Ormiston. Examination in the Theory, History and Practice of Ed1ication: C. Broadhead; W. F. Cummings, B.A.; E. L. H. Kentfield, B.A.; C. E. Passey, B.A.; R. H. Thorne, B.,A.; F. Yates, B.A. Examination fo ·r the Diploma in Theology: R. G. Cornwell, B.A. ; C. H. Sutton, B.A.; G. S. Wamsley, B.A. (with distinction). Certificate in Cultural (Social) Anthropology: E. P. Carter, B.A. MICHAELMAS TERM.

Examinatoribus Satisfecerunt: Group A.3, A. W. Keith-Steele, F. J. Tackley; Group B.4, A. W. Keith-Steele; <;roup B.6, E. J. R. Burrough. Examination in the Theory, Histo·ry and Practice of Education: J. P. Thorp.

SENIOR EXHIBITIONERS.

J. F. Cooke, who was placed in the First Class in the Final Honour School of Philosophy, Politics and Economics, and J. M. Edmonds, who was placed in the Second Class in the Final Honour School of Natural Science (Geology) and was awarded the BurdettCoutts Scholarship for research in Geology, have been appointed Senior Exhibitioners of the Hall.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE OF

EXHIBITIONS.

An examination, beginning on Tuesday, March 15, was held for the purpose of awarding two Exhibitions in Modern Languages (English or French) of the annual value of £40. As a result of this examination the following elections were made : P. C. Birkinshaw, Derby School (English). 0. D. C. W. King-Wood, Haileybury College (French). An examination, beginning on Tuesday, April 19, was held for the purpose of awarding an Exhibition in Classics or Modern History and a ffarington Exhibition in Modern History of the annual value of £40. As a result of this examination the following elections were made : 'vV. G. Fallows, Barrow Grammar School (ffarington). G. A. Forrest, Stockport Grammar School and Manchester University (Modern History). S. E. Bradshaw, Repton School, and M.Wall, Bradford Gramma1· School, were elected to minor exhibitions of the annual value of £25. C. ] . Hayes, F. Cooke and E. E. Lowe, on winning Heath Harrison Travelling Scholarships, and J. McDonaugh, on winning a Goldsmiths' Company's Exhibition, have been appointed Honorary Exhibitioners of the Hall. The Exhibition Examinations for 1933 will be held as follows : On Tuesday, March 14, and the two following days for the purpose of awarding two Exhibitions in Modern Language (English or French) of the annual value of £40. On Thursday, March 17, for the purpose of awarding an Organ Exhibition of the annual value of £35 · On Tuesday, March 21, for the purpose of awarding an Ingle Exhibition in Classics or Modern History and an Exhibition m Classics or Modern History, each of the annual value of £,40.

AN INGLE EXHIBITION.

Mr. H. C. Ingle (matric. 19I9) has given to the Hall the sum of £ 1 ,ooo for the endowment of an Exhibition. The very sincere thanks of the Hall are due to Mr. Ingle for his most welcome and most generous gift. Last year we recorded a similar gift for a similar purpose from Mr. H. N. ffarington. The Hall stands greatly in need of benefactions of this kind. It is to be hoped that other benefactors may be found to follo\V the handsome example set by these two members of the Hall. .

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE OF GIFTS.

In addition to the gifts recorded elsewhere in the Magazine, the best thanks of the Hall are clue to the following donors for g ifts that have been made to the Hall during the year :To the Harold Buxton Trustees for a furth er gift of books on social and economic problems, consisting of twenty volumes. To the ~ev. Professor B. H. Streeter for his gift of his book , The Chained Library. To Mr. G. P. W. Lamb for his gift of A. S. \!Vade's Modern Finance and Industry and of W. Alison Phillips' Confederati on of Europe. To the Association Football XI and other members of Hitch in Grammar School for their g ift of R. L. Hine's History of Hitchin G-rammar School, in memory of their visit to the Hall in Michaelmas Term. Dr. J. W. Niblock (matric. 1808) was Headmaster of the School from 1819 to 1830. OF

Nos . 46

AND

HIGH STREET,

Two years ago the Hall annexed No. 48 High Street on a twentyone years lease from Magdalen College. To this there have now been added Nos. 46 and 47. The opportunity for this further extension came rather unexpectedly after the Long Vacation had begun. Both No. 46 and No. 47 have been for many years lodg ing houses licensed by the Delegacy of Lodgin gs . This yea r, however, a nd last have been difficult years for the Jetting of lodgings in the High ; when, therefore, at the end of the Summer Term it seemed to the lodging house-keepers who occupied Nos. 46 and 47 that no improvement was to be expected next yea r, arrangements were made whereby they terminated their leases at once. Thanks to their willingness to move out as soon as poss ible, the Hall was able to have possession of the two houses by August 1, a nd tha nks to the willingness of the Bursar of Magdalen to allow the work of converting the two houses to Hall purposes to begin before the legal formalities had been concluded, it was possible to make an attempt to carry through the necessary alterations before the beginning of the Michaelmas Term. Even so, this attempt involved a race against time; but our architect, Mr. R . Fielding Dodd, F. R. I. B.A., a nd our builders, Messrs. Symm and Company, saw to it that the race was won. The two houses provide the Hall wi th two new staircases, giving accommodation for thirteen undergraduates; in the one (No . 8) there are four single sets and one double set for undergradua tes,

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THE MED I EVAL SPAN IS H PRO CESS IO"iAL CROSS .

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belonged to Dr . Liddon, is th e gift of hi s ni eces, the Mi sses King.

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

and in the other (No. 9) five sing le sets and one double set. The Senior Tutor occupies the front ground floor room in No. 8 Staircase, and the room that he has occupied for the last two years on the ground floor of No. 7 Sta ircase has been converted into a Lecture Room. In the basement of No. 47 High Street (i.e. No. 8 Staircase) baths and a changing-room have been installed.

OF RESTORATIONS. A description of the re-slating of the roof with Stonesfi eld slates and of the reconstruction of the dormers of the roof on the north side of the Quadrangle, of the restoration of Thomas H earne's room, and of the extension of the ] .C .R. a nd of the Buttery will be found elsewhere in the Magazine. OF THE CHAPEL. This year marks the 25oth Anniversary of the dedication of th e Chapel by Bishop Fell. Special Anniversary Services were held on June 21, on the occasion of the Annual Reunion, and on St. Edmund's Day. An account of these services is given elsewhere in the Magazine. The medieval Spanish processional cross, which was Âˇpresented by the Misses King in memory of Dr. Liddon (Vice-Principal, 1859-62), to wh_o m it once be longed , and which was described in the l_a st issue of the Magazine, has been piaced in the Ante-Chapel. OF ST. EnMuNn's D'Av. On St. Edmund's Day, Wednesday, November 16, the 25oth Anniversary of the Consecration of the Chapel was celebrated by members of the Hall in residence. At Evensong in Chapel there was a special form of service. An address was given by the Rig ht Rev. the Lord Bishop of Carlisle. At the Dinner in Hall the toast of Floreat Aula was proposed by Sir Ernest N. Bennett, M. P., Assistant Postmaster-General (Vice-Principal, 1893-5). Sir Ernest in the course of a very entertaining s peech alluded to the many differences that characterized the Hall of to-day from the Hall as he had known it. H e happily illustrated the spirit of perseverance by which the Hall is characterized by remarking that in his time, when there were no more than thirty undergraduates in residence, the Eight always rowed bottom of the river and had to row very hard even to keep there. He spoke of his great enjoyment of his tenure of the Vice-Principalship, even though he was not unrecollectful of an incident or two

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

when his disciplinary intervention was required, 'for while the Principal, a Dante scholar of European reputation was absorbed in studying the poet's Inferno, I was sometimes calkd upon,' he admitted, ' to deal with an inferno nearer home.' In his reply the Principal thanked Sir Ernest Bennett for his speech, and in extending a special welcome to him and to the Bishop of Carlisle remarked that he had been led by what Sir Ernest had said to trace a progression by which the Inferno which Sir Ernest had sometimes experienced here had given way to the Purgatorio through which the Hall passed during the period of the vVar, when the Bishop was Principal, until, thanks to their labours and to those of other devoted officers of the Hall, it had grown into the Paradiso which it was his good fortune to know. The Principal then reviewed another notable year of achievement both in work and in sport. With the winning of four Heath Harrison Travelling Scholarships and two pÂˇr oxime accesse-runt the Hall had beaten all previous College records for that particul a r award. Renewed successes on the river and on the playing-fields had won for the Hall a reputation that might well be envied by one of the large r Colleges. The Eight, having made fifteen bumps in three years, had won at Marlow its first laurels outside Oxford : the Rugby XV had reached the final, and the Association and Hockey XI the semi-final in the respective Inter-College Cup-ties. The Principal made some allusion to the extension of premises that had been secured during the Long Vacation. In conclusion he directed attention to the example of those who helped to raise the Chapel and Library Building in times hardly less difficult than the present and expressed the hope that with the encouragement of that precedent the Hall and its members would press forwarcl to fresh achievements. In addition to members of the Hall in residence, there were present: The Bishop of Carlisle, the Senior Proctor (Mr. T. F. Higham), the Secretary of Faculties (Mr. H. M. Margoliouth), the R e,Âˇ. J. Vv. C. \:Vand, Dean and Fellow of Oriel, and Mr. R. E. \ i\T a Iker. OF THE NEW LIBRARY.

A. G. Hopewell has succeeded

J. R. Hayston as Librarian.

OF NUMBERS.

There were in residence during Michaelmas Term 12 Bachelors of Arts and 120 undergraduates. The number of Freshmen admitted was 38.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE OF THE

J.C.R.

The officers of the J.C.R. elected for the academical year 1932-33 are: President, E. L. Phillips; Steward, H. E. Packer. A. J. Young has been re-appointed Junior Treasurer.

THE 250th ANNIVERSARY OF THE CONSECRATION OF THE CHAPEL 1682-1932. N 1680 the Reverend Stephen Penton, B.D., Principal, decided to satisfy in one building the twofold need of the Hall for a Chapel and Library. As the record of our Book of Benefactors shows, the undertaking upon which Penton embarked was only made possible by the support that it received from the generosity of members of the Hall and other well-wishers of our Society. It was a brave achievement, carried through in anxious and uneasy times. By the spring of 1682 the work of construction was sufficiently completed for the consecration of the Chapel to take place. On .-\pril 7 the Chapel was consecrated by the Right Reverend Dr. John Fell, Lord Bishop of Oxford, as the Chapel of St. Edmund in the University of Oxford. It seemed fitting that the year in which the 25oth anniversary of this event occurs should be duly commemorated. In Oxford we do well to take every occasion to remember gratefully our indebtedness to benefactors of former time. Such commemorations help to multiply our appreciation of the heritage that we enjoy. And in Oxford gratitude has ever been a great builder. In order that members of the Hall might have a memento of this anniversary I wrote An Account of the Chapel and Library Building, which the Oxford University Press has printed and which has been sent to all Aularians. Special anniversary services were held in the Chapel, one out of term, on June 21, on the occasion of the Annual Reunion, and one in term, on November 16, being St. Edmund's Day. At the former service the Lord Bishop of Oxford was present. It is interesting to note that Dr. Strong, like his predecessor Dr. John Fell, was Dean of Christ Church before he became Bishop. At the service held on St. Edmund's Day the Lord Bishop of Carlisle, formerly Principal, gave an address. The same form of service was used on both occasions. With the exception of the prayer commemorating our Patron and Benefactors, the special prayers read were based on

! 10

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

those that were read at the original service of d edication two hundred and fifty years ago. A. B. E. · The form of service was as follows : EVENSONG

Psalms: 84, L essons:

122, 132

CHRONICLES VI. 1-23, 36-42

JOH N X. 22-42

Collect MosT Blessed Saviour, who by thy bodily presence at the Feast of Dedication didst approve and honour such devout and religious services as that which this day we commemorate : Be pleased to present thyself at this time by thy Holy Spirit; and as thou hast vo uchsafed to separate this place , so consecrate us also, we pray thee, into an holy temple to thyself; that thou dwelling in our hearts by faith, we may be cleansed from all carnal and profane affections, a nd devoutly given to serve thee in all good works, to the glory of thy Name: Who livest and reig·nest with the Father and the same Spirit, ever one God world without end. Amen. Praye·rs after the Ant hem be thy Name, 0 Lord our God, for that it pleaseth thee who dwellest in the highest heavens to have thy habitation amongst men, and to grace these earthly mansions with thy presence. Blessed be thy gracious goodness that thou hast put it into the hearts of thy servants in all ages, particula rly of those aforetime members of this Society, to erect and prepare such places for thee. And grant, 0 Lord, that we may show ourselves thankful for this thy favour by a reverent, devout, and constant use thereof. Let us not forsake thy public assemblies, as the manner of some is, but rather grant that they who now separate themselves from us may come and worship thee in the beauty of holiness; that they may love the habitation of thy house and the place where thy honour dwelleth, esteeming one day in thy courts better tha n a thousand; that so all of us with one heart and one mouth glorifying thee in these material temples made with hands, may in the end come to that thy temple on high, even to the Holy Place made without hands, whose builder and maker is God; there with those who have erected this and all other places to thy worship, and with all thy saints eternally to sing honour and glory and praise to thee who sittest upon the throne and to the Lamb, for ever and ever. Amen. BLESSED

ALMIGHTY God, who dwellest not in temples made with hands, as saith the prophet, and yet vouchsafest to accept the . devout service of thy poor creatures, a llotting special places for Divine Offices, and promising ever there to hear and grant their requests : We humbly beseech thee to fulfil thy gracious promise, that whatsoever prayers in this Sacred Place shall be made according to thy will, may be favourably accepted, and returned with their desired success; that so all they that shall come into this _Hc;mse _in the multitude of thy mercies, and in thy fear shall worship 111 this holy

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

temple, may (by the heavenly intercourse of their prayers ascending unto thee and thy blessings descending upon them) have a comfortable assurance that this is none other than the house of God and that this is the gate of Heaven : to thine eternal glory, and our especial comfort in Christ Jesus our blessed Lord and Saviour. A men. Co11une111oration of Patron and Benefacto-rs vVE glorify thy Name, 0 Lord Almighty and Father of mercies, for all the goodness which thou hast done unto us of this place by thy servant Saint Edmund of Abingdon our patron and all other our benefactors, such as were Thomas of Malmesbury, Vicar of Cowley; Thomas Hooknorton, Abbot of Oseney; John Thamys, Bachelor of Divinity, Principal; Ottwell Teppyng, Master of Arts, Principal; \Villiam D enyse, Bachelor of Divinity, Provost of the Queen's College; A.dam Airay, Bachelor of Divinity, Principal; Thomas Tully, Doctor of Divinity, Principal, and Dean of Ripon; Stephen Penton, Bachelor of Divinity, Principal, who built us this Chapel ; Thomas Shaw, Doctor of Divinity , Principal; Robert Thomlinson , Doctor of Divinity, Prebendary of St. Paul's ; George Holme, Doctor of Divinity, Fellow of the Queen's College ; John Charles Gawthern, Master of Arts; and we humbly beseech thy clemency to give us grace to make a right use of thy bounty and their cha rity toward s us. Bless this Hall, and the persons and endeavours of every member thereof; grant that by thy grace we may grow in piety, learning, temperance, and all virtues; keep us all evermore in thy fear and obedience, that we, together with all thy saints that are gone before us, may be made partakers of the glorious resurrection unto life eternal; through J esus C hrist our Lord. .'l men. PrayeÂˇr before the Blessing MosT glorious and incomprehensible Lord God, who fillest heaven and earth with thy presence, and therefore canst not be confined within any the largest circuit, much less within this narrow room to commemorate the consecration whereof we are now assembled; yet forasmuch as thou hast promised that where two or three a re gathered together in thy Name , thou wilt be there in the midst of them; but especially in such places as are set apart for thy public worship, that thou will be present there in a more special manner, and wilt come unto us and bless us: We therefore, humbly believing that thou hast indeed accepted this temple at the hands of those who at the first devoted and offered it up, and hast owned it as thy House, do render most hearty thanks unto thee that thou art arisen into this place of thy rest, even thou, 0 Lord, and the ark ?f thy strength, making thy servants glad with thy countenance herem through many generations. And because holiness becometh t~y H~use fo~ ever, we beseech thee to sanctify it with thy cont.mua~ mdwellmg and to fill it evermore with thy glory. Sanctify likewise all those who at any time shall do thee service in it. Let

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thy priests ~ clothed with righteousness and thy saints sing with joyfulness. Let all that shall enter here, knowing that the place where they stand is holy ground, look well to their feet, bringing clean hearts, pure thoughts, and bodi~s undefiled. Let them wash their hands in innocency, good Lord, and then let them compass thine altar ; that so, coming such as they ought, they may return such as they desire, having their prayers granted, their sins pardon~d, their graces supplied ahd strengthened, and their persons accepted in Jesus Christ: To whom with thee, 0 Father, and the Holy Ghost, Trinity in Unity ever to be adored, be all honour and glory world without end. A men.

THE REUNION, 1932 HE tenth Reunion of Old Members took place on Tuesday, June 21s, 1932. After a special service at Evensong, commemorative of the 25oth anniversary of the Consecration of the Chapel, dinner was s~rved in the Hall. There were present at the dinner:The Right Rev. the Bishop of Oxford, the Rev. Canon Ollard (formerly Vice-Principal), the Rev. Canon A. D. Barker, the Rev. C. P. Shipton, the Rev. K. M . Ffinch, the Rev. G. F. S. Gresham, the Rev. T. E. R. Phillips, Mr. H . N. ffaringtop, the Rev. C. vV. Fisher, the Rev. F. G. Croom, the Rev. Dr. T. H. D. Long, the Rev. 0. M. Stent, the Rev. Prebendary E. Reid, the Rev. H. VI/. Thorne, the Rev. R. Sh~pheard, the Rev. J. W. C. Wand, the Rev. D. Armytage, the Rev. W. A. Congdon, Mr. R. Sayle, the Rev. A. Sargent, the Rev. J.B. Wood, the Rev. F. McGowan, the Rev. C. V. Browne-Wilkinson, Dr. P. T. Freeman, Mr. H. C. Ingle, Mr. G. J. O'Connor, the Rev. F. A. Smalley, Mr. J. J. G. Walkinton, the Rev. E. L. Millen, Mr. J. vV. L. Symes, Mr. A. E. Ellis, Mr. A. B. Hodgson, Mr. C. Lummis, the Rev. C. A. Plaxton, the Rev. R. E. Priestly, Mr. D. E . Havergal, the Rev. R. F. Yates, Mr. J. H. T. Clark~, Mr. N. C. Moses, Mr. J. L. N. O'Loughlin. The Lord Bishop of Oxford, in proposing the toast Floreat A ula, said that his introduction to the Hall had been made many years ago when Dr. Liddon brought him to see the place for which he had so great an affection. His recollections of the d~parted worthies of the Hall included Sir John Stainer and Dr. Liddon himself, and amongst these shades the Dantesque figure of Dr. Moore might lead his reminiscenc~s. The measure of Dr. Moore's interest in the Hall was that it alone could withdraw him temporarily from his accustomed haunts in medieval Florence. He could not say that he actually remembered personally hispredecessor at the consecration of the Chap~l, but Dr. Fell was

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still a great name at the House, though his best title to fame in the world at large might be the celebrated verse recording an admittedly inexplicable antipathy. Bishop Fell had apparently an unsympathetic personality, which might perhaps be a legacy of the spirit of his Royalist mother, who was carried protesting in her chair into the quadrangle at Christ Church rather than yield by a single step to the authority of Parliament in the persons of the Ironside Troopers. In conclusion, the Bishop contrasted the eighteen undergraduates of his earliest contact with the Hall with the numbers in residence now, which were, he gathered, somewhat greater -an augury of the prosperity in which he hoped the Hall might Jong flourish. The Principal, responding to the toast, expressed his appreciation of the Bishop's presence on what was for them an historic occasion, immersed as he was in the business of Convocation and other engagements. He not only represented his famous predecessor, Bishop Fell: but, as Vice-Chancellor, he had himself been at all times a good friend to the Hall. In one respect he had not followed Bishop Fell: he had not inflicted upon them a 'formal discourse in blank verse, as his manner was.' Bishop Fell had been a great friend to the University Press, which had been responsible for the production of the brochure on the history of the Chapel and Library building which had been placed in their hands that day. One of the photographs had not been taken on the previous Friday, but the Printer to the University, when confronted with the request for the publication of the brochure in time for this Reunion, had replied, ' Such is my affection for the Hall that although it is impo~sible it shall be done.' In reviewing the events of the past year, the Principal said that without exaggeration they had broken more records than ever. Never before has the Hall achieved three Firsts, four Heath Harrison Scholarships, and a Goldsmiths' Company's Exhibition in one year. The successes in athletics were no less significant of the vitality of their Society. The Boat had made fifteen bumps in three years and was now in sight of the First Division. At Marlow Regatta, Exeter and Queen's had been defeated and another trophy had been added to their growing collection of silver, which also included the O.T.C. Cup for college efficiency. The Rugby XV had reached the final of the Inter-Collegiate Cup. The Hockey and Association XI's had both reached the semi-final. The secret of these successes was the unbounded enthusiasm of Hall men.

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There were at the dinner Old Members of the Hall representing a long range of years, amongst whom he welcomed their former Vice-Principal, Canon Olla rd, present with less trepidation than last year; their neighbour the Dean of Oriel; and Mr. Smalley, who had come all the way from China .. He was sure old members would wish him to welcome in their name Mr. Farrer, Chaplain of the Hall, who was attending his first Reunion gathering as a member of the Familia Aularis. Continuing, the Principal said that last year he had announced l\fr. ffarington's most generous gift of £1,000 to found a n Exhibition. He was very happy to say that on this occasion he had a similar announcement to make : another benefaction of£ 1,ooo had been received from an old member who for the time being wished to remain anonymous. This was the 25oth year since the Chapel was consecrated, and without presuming to teach history on this occasion, he could not refrai n from reminding them that the year in which the building of the Chapel and Library was undertaken was in some respects ve ry like the present one. It was a time of anxiety and depression : the Turk was at the gates of Vienna, Louis XIV was doing who knew what in Europe; surely it seemed no time for launching out and planning for the uncertain future. The Principal saw no reason why a like faith and hope should not inspire them in times of like difficulty. Although far poorer than the poorest college, the Hall had one great a sset, the great encouragement which came from the unfailing loyalty of its Old Members. R. SAYLE.

THE AULARIAN ASSOCIATION HE Executive Committee met in the Principal's Lodgings at 4.30 p.m. on Tuesday, June 21, 1932. The following members were present : The Principal (in the Chair), the Rev. D. Armytage , the Rev.. Canon A. D. Barker, the Rev. C. W. Fisher, Mr. H. C. Ing le, the Rev. F. McGowan, the Rev. Canon S. L. Ollard, the R ev. T . E. R. Phillips, Mr. ]. J. G. Walkinton, the Rev. ]. \V. C. Wand and Mr. Robert Sayle (Hon. Secretary). The Annual General Meeting was held in the Hall after the Reunion Dinner on the same evening. The President took the Chair. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and signed. In presenting the Hon. Treasurer's report, the President said that he was deputizing for Mr. Allan, who was absent on holiday in Scotland. There was a credit balance of £113 9s. 11d. to be carried forward, and this was considered to be most satisfactory in

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE these days of awkward budgets. This was due to th(.'! fact that members continued to pay their subscriptions regularly, and this in turn was due to the relentless watchfulness of the Treasurer, who saw to it tha t reminders were promptly despatched where necessary. The President's proposal that a vote of thanks to the Honorary Treas urer for his splendid work be recorded in the minutes was carried with acclamation. ·H e reported that £250 had been spent on the restoration of the Chapel organ. At their afternoon meeting the Executive Committee had voted a further £z5 to the Organ Fund, thereby making the Association's total contribution a round £150. In thanking the Association for this gift the President said that but for the support thus given th e work of restoring the organ could not have been undertaken. He went on to refe r to another important decision of the Executive Committee to allocate a sum for Exhibitions for the sons of Old Members. He mentioned that he had received that year applications for admission from five sons of Aularians, and that in October at least three Aularians by birth would be coming into residence. Under Rule 9 the retiring members of the Executive Committee were the Rev. F. McGowan and Mr. J. J. G. Walkinton, representing the period 1915-1 924. The Rev. C . A. Plaxton proposed, and Mr. D. E. Havergal seconded the resolution, that these members be re-elected. This was carried unanimously. The President announced that, notwithstanding the difficulties of the times, it had been decided to mark the occasion of the 25oth anniversary of the Consecration of the Chapel by instituting an Endowment and Extension Fund. There would be, he said, not unimportant extensions into the High in the near future. Other developments ought to follow. Provision for them must be made. Restricted as it was within narrow borders, the Hall could not afford to let any opportunity for extension slip. In Oxford, once an opportunity for acquiring a desired site was missed, it might never return. As for endowment, well, lack of endowment was perhaps the chief explanation why one alone of the many medieval Halls that had flourished in Oxford now survived. Small annual contributions would be of the greatest use in helping to build up this new Fund, but the President also expressed the hope that Aularians with no more immediate ties would remember the Hall when they came to make the final disposition of their resources and so give the Hall occasion for ever to remember them. The Hall had

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seen more than six hundred years of useful life. Its survival was one of the miracles of University history. Without the devotion of its Old Members that miracle would have never happened . Its future also was largely in their hands . In considering the date for the next gathering, the President observed that he was afraid they would have to continue to m eet in the summer, until Mr. Phillips and his fellow astronomers gave them a fixed Easter. It was, therefore, decided to hold the next m eeting on th e Tu esday in Commemoration Week, June 20, 1933·

SAYLE .

The date of the next RE UNIO N has been fixed fo'Y TUESD.41·, JU NE 20, 1933; that is, TUESDAY in COMMEMOR.4.TION WEEK. A.B . E.

THE ENDOWMENT AND EXTENSION FUND HE 25oth Anniversary of the consecration of the Chapel of the Hall by Bishop Fell was commemorated on Tuesday, June 2 l, and on the occasion of the Annual R eunion of membe rs of the Aularian Association. At the same time a n Endowment and Extension Fund for the H a ll was instituted. It seems fitting that the inception of this Fund should coincide with this anniversary, for we who hold the Hall in affection cannot better express our gratitude for the admirable building which our predecessors raised 250 years ago than by combining to emulate their example. The need of the Hall for such a Fund can be summarily stated : the present income of the Hall is £7 ,ooo a year less than that of the poorest College in Oxford. If the developments of recent years are to be consolidated and further progress made, additional resources are essential. I know that the times are difficult ; but there is encouragement in the recollection that the generation of those who helped to erect our Chapel and Library Building knew London ravaged by fire and pestilence, politics a t home and abroad perturbed by every sort of alarm and excursion, the Dutch in the · Medway, Louis XIV a constant menace, war incessant in Europe. And yet those years constitute a golden period in the history of the Hall. In the light of that precedent I have no hesitation in issuing this invitation. I fully recog nize that there are bound to be many (as there were 250 years ago) who will only be able to respond in very modest measure. They may be sure that the smallest tokens of goodwill are welcome, whether they take the form of donations

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or of annual subscriptions. And I am hopef\.Jl that, once this Fund has been formed, members of the Hall may discover many different ways in which they can further the objects which it is designed to serve, as, for instance, by enlisting the interest of others. The building tip of such a Fund will take time : continuity of effort, steadily maintained oYer a period of years, w ill be necessary; but, then, what society in the long course of Oxford history has more strikingly exemplified its genius for perseverance than St. Edmund Hall? A. B. E~mEN,

Principal , Since this appeal was issued in July a good beginning has been made with the Fund. The very sincere thanks of the Hall are due to all those Aularians who have already given it their support. And I know from the letters that I haYe received that there are others who will follow as soon as they are able. A . B. E . Rev. H. M . Ainscow *Mrs. T. K. Allen ... *Rev. D. Armytage Sir E. N. Bennett Rev. K. M . Bishop Rev. W. G. Boys Johnston *Rev. W. L. Bunce Rev. C. E. Burkitt ' The Right Rev. the Bishop of Carlisle ... A. L. Clegg *Rev. T. H. Croxall W. F. Cummings ... *A. E. Ellis ... A. B. Emden, Principal Rev. K. M. Ffinch *G. H. Franey *Dr. P. T. Freeman W. W. E. Giles S. N. Godfrey *L. W. Hanson Rev. W. F. Harden L. N. Harvey D. E. Havergal C. R. Hiscocks *Rev. S. A. Howard *H. C. Ingle Rev. Dr. A. C. Keene *Dr. M . M. Knappen T. M. Knowles ' E. C. Lamb A. F. Lee ... S. F. S. Li .. . *J. C. W. Ludlow

s. d. 0

5 4 10

0 0

JOO

0 0

3 3 10

°0

0 0

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE E. F. Millar (Lincoln College) Rev. E. L. Millen .. . ... Rev. E. C. Mortimer ;q(. A. Muir ... W. R. Niblett Rev. K. C. OliYer R. Phillips ... Rev. E. H. Rowe Rev. J. H. A. Rusbridger Rev. A . Sargent ... Rev. R. Shepheard * Right Rev. the Bishop of Sherborne *R. Sim Rev. F. S. W. Simpson Rev. A. E. Smith .. . J. W. L. Symes .. . Rev. H. W. Thorne T. C. Toland Rev. R. B. Tweddell R. E. Walker R. Waye Rev. I. F. F. Âˇwebb H. Wood Rev. R. F. Yates . .. *P. Young ...

0 0 0

0 2

0 0

7 3

5 35

0 0

2 10

0 0

*Signifies first i11stalment.

RESTORATIONS EAUTIFUL as we believe our front Quadrangle to be, there can be no Aularian who has not thought that its beauty was marred by the unsightly design of the dormers and by the incongruous covering of Welsh slates that formed the roof of the building on the north side. I certainly have cherished the hope that when repairs to the dormers and the roof became necessary it might be possible to demolish the existing dormers altogether and build better and replace the Welsh slates with native Stonesfield;. Until 1844 both sides of this roof retained their original" slatting, but in May of that year the Stonesfield slates were removed from the side facing the Q~~drangle.* The ,roof on the side of the huilding that faces the churchyard of St. Peter-in-the-East was restored i.n 1913, w hen the Stonesfield slates were re-hung and, where necessary, renewed. The roof on the side of the Quadrangle has had to wait attention until more pressing claims had been satisfied. During

*See a note by H . Gough in Bodl. JIS. Top. Oxon., d. 18j, f. 68.

THE NORTH SJ[)E OF THE QUADRA'.'IGLE. BEFORE RESTORATION.

THE NO RTH S ID E OF TH E QUADFIX\GLE. AFTER RESTORAT ION.

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the Long Vacation of 1931 a long programme of restoration was brought within one stage of completion by the restoration of the stonework on the no rth side of the Quadrangle ; but the roof and dormers had to be left for lack of funds . A timely benefactor, however, was found. A most generous gift of £1,000 was received from a relative of a member of the Hall for the restoration of the rnof, and it became possible for the necessary work to be undertaken this summer. As had been suspected, the dormers were found to be in a wretched condition; and the unequal distribution of weight resulting from having heavy Stonesfield slates on one s id e of the roof and light Welsh slates on the other had thrust forward the upper part of the wall under the eaves . In reconstructing the dormers it was decided not to replace the imitation Perpendicular windows of two Jong lights with drip-.m ouldings in Roman cement, which the restorers in 1844 had introduced, but to revert to oak-framed windo\vs of four lig hts, as portrayed in the coloured a quatint of the Hall Quadrang le drawn by F. Pugin for Ackerma nn's Histo·ry of the University of Oxford, which was published in 18 14. For the work of slatting the roof with Stonesfield slates four slatters skilled in this particular craft were employed : it may be of interest to record that one of them carried up on his head all the slates on to the scaffolding. In addition to the restoration of the roof, it has been necessary to restore the stonework of the gabled end of our building that stands at the entrance from the Jane into St. Peter's Churchyard . The acquisition of more sets of rooms, consequent upon the a nnexation of Nos. 46 and 47 High Street, made possible other improvements. An extension of the Buttery has been secured by appropriating the upper end of the Junior Common Room. In compensation for this loss the ] unior Common Room has been extended at the other end by the incorporation of Rooms 17 and 21. The wooden settles in the portion of the Junior Common Room that No. 2 Staircase. In Room 17 the interior partitions have been rearranged so as to give direct access to Room 17 at the bottom of No. 2 Staircase. In Room 17 the interior partition has been removed and a way through made to Room 2 1. In the course of these alterations the original Elizabethan firepl ace of Room 17 was discovered. It is · similar in design to the mutilated one that was found in the Vice-Principal's study in 1929. Fortunately it was in a sufficiently good condition to be preserved. In Room 21 only fragments· of the original fireplace were found. For some time there has been need in the Hall for a room which can be used for meals and meetings, in additiOn to the Dining Hall.

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For this purpose Room 2 on No. l Staircase has been appropriated. It is a historic room. For thirty years or more it was Thomas Hearne's study, the room in which he laboured at his many editions -0f English medieval chronicles, and in which from day to day he kept the diaries that have become the chief authority for the history of Oxford in his time, and in which he received the many scholars and others who came to talk with him about antiquities. Unfortunately Hearne's room preserves few of its original features. It underwent alteration when the medieval kitchen and buttery of the Hall and the rooms above were reconstructed by Dr. Thomas Shaw (Principal, 1740-51) in the middle of the eighteenth century. In removing the skirting-boards strips of wall-paper, colour-printed :in black, purple and green from wood blocks in two different designs, }Vere discovered. These fragments of wall-paper are remnants of what would appear to have been the first wall-papers used for the -decoration of the room after its alteration in Dr. Shaw's time. In the restoration of Hearne's room old oak panelling of simple -design has been used to cover the lower parts of the wall, and a stone fireplace of seventeenth century design has been inserted. The furniture at present placed in the room consists of a long oak table specially made for it and seven leather-covered mid-seventeenth oak chairs. A memorial plaque in plaster has been placed in the wall over the window that gives into Queen's Lane: it bears for its device an open book which has on one page the initial s T.H., and on the other SvvM CvIQVE, the motto which Hearn e wrote in all his books, and above and below the book are the dates of Hearne's birth and death, 1678 and 1735Âˇ Over the fireplace there have been hung two portraits of Hearne. The one is a copy -0f the engraving by Vertue after Tillemans, bearing the date 1729. * The other is a photographic enlargement of the very rare engraving by Michael Burghers, showing Hearne seated in his study in the Hall, reading a book. And between them there has been placed a fine engraved portrait of King James III, by F. Chereau after Alexis-Simeon Belle, bearing the inscription: presente a Sa Majeste , le 21er Juin, 1712, four de son Auguste Naissance. This picture serves as a memorial of Hearne's staunch adherence to the Jacobite cause. Rather than take the oath, as required by statute, to King George I, he sacrificed all opportunities of preferment in the University. Moreover; he records in his diary under the date July 24, 1715, that 'there is just come over a very fine large Print of King James IIId which I have purchased for half a Guinea, besides half *For the portraits of Hea rne, see Appendix by Dr. Philip Bliss to Reliquiae Hearnianae, second edition, 1869, iii, 196-99.

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a Crown I gave for ye Frame.' It is hoped in time to bring together in this room other memorials of an Aularian who was a great lover · of Oxford and of medieval. learning, and who, in his own words,. preferred ' a good conscience before all manner of preferment and worldly honour.' A.B.E.

WHITE HALL HE annexation of N os. 46 arid 47 High Street has its historicaJi interest for the Hall, as it links it once again with a site whicl: was first brought into connexion with it about five hundred and fifty years ago, when White Hall stood wh.ere Staircases No. 8 and No. g. now stand. Towards the close of the fourteenth century when Henry Romworth, subsequently Chaplain to Henry V and Archdeacon of Canterbury, was Principal, White Hall was annexed to St. Edmund Hall as a dependent establishment. Nicholas Bishop, the owner of White Hall, has left a memorandum which records. the arrangement by which this original annexation was secured. Romworth was to pay an annual rent of 35s., and was allowed to break through the boundary wall between the two Halls so that direct communication might be secured. We learn from another record left by Bishop that White Hall contained a dining-hall, a kitchen, a buttery, a room for the Principal at the end of the dininghall, two other rooms next to the dining-hall, one above the other, a room over the buttery, and a ground-floor room next to it, and another ground-floor room next to the kitchen ; and from another of his memoranda we learn that this Hall had been newly erected by his father between Easter and Michaelmas, 138r. Nicholas's. father, · Bartholomew Bishop, had employed a certain Henry Carpenter to rebuild White Hall for him, and agreed that he should receive for wages, 16s. 8d., a pair of shoes worth zod., and a pair of doe-skin gloves worth 6d. It appears from a schedule of complaints which his son preserved that Bartholomew was not well pleased with the work done. Among other things he complained that Henry Carpenter had been very wasteful in the way in which he had used up the timber from the old building : rafters twenty feet long had been cut down to eleven feet, and where it had been necessary to trim ten of the rafter.s the better ends instead of the worse had been sa•vn. In the course of excavations last Long Vacation for the provision of access from outdoors to the basement under No. 47 High Street, a fragment of the White Hall that was rebuilt for Bartholomew Bishop in the year of the Peasants' Revolt was brought to light. This fragment consists of a section of the

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stone tracery of a window, which from its size and shape may be conjectured to have belonged to one of the windows of the dining hall of White Hall. It has been placed on the sill of the window of the lobby leading to the Old Library . After Romworth resigned the principalship, vVhite Hall still continued to be annexed to St. Edmund Hall. Another of Nicholas Bishop's memoranda preserves a copy of the lease of it that he grantee\ to the Lollard Principal, Peter Payne, in 1408. Under Payne St. Ecimunc\ Hall became prominently identified with vVyclifism in Oxford. In his zeal for the Wyclifite cause Payne did not scruple to take advantage of the slack control that there was over the use of the seal of the University, and to contrive that a letter bearing the University's seal should be sent to John Hus purporting to express the University's agreement with the teaching of Wyclif. It is not surprising that Nicholas Bishop should haYe found Payne 's daring championship of Wyclifism a source of embarrassment, and that he should have taken steps to terminate his tenancy of White Hall. Before the beginning of the Michaelmas Term, 1412, Payne surrendered his lease. Already Archbishop Arundel's strenuous efforts to suppress Lollardy in Oxford and in the country at large were beginning to tell. In 141 l the University passed a decree requiring all Heads of Colleges and Principals of Hall to take an oath 'not to hold or assent to the articles of Wyclif or any other condemned articles.' Payne refused to take this oath and had no alternative but to leave Oxford. Not many months passed before he was cited to appear before Archbishop Aru.n del on a charge of heresy. In the face of the danger that now threatened him he decided to take flight from England and to throw in his lot with those who were championing the movement for reform in Bohemia, the only other country in which the new doctrines had obtained a foothold. Payne's Lollarc\ activities did not bring about any permanent severance between White Hall and St. Edmund Hall. In 1429 Nicholas Bishop made over White Hall on a twenty years' lease to his daughter Alice on the occasion of her marriage to Thomas Barton, an ironmonger of Oxford. From the Bartons it was rented by John Thamys, who was Principal from about 1438 to 1459Âˇ There is evidence to show that the connexion between the two Halls was maintained by Thomas Lee, Thamys' s immediate successor. But during the second half of the fifteenth century the University entered upon a period of difficulty and perhaps of decline ; the Halls, being unendowed societies, were particularly vulnerable, with the result that by the end of the century their number had

HE .-\R '\'E'S ROOM.

THE MIDDLE ROOM OF THE J.C.R . Showing the El izabetha n fire-pl ace discovered in t he course of a ltera tion s.

THE FRAGl'vlENT OF WI~DOW TRACERY FROM WHITE HALL, c.1381.

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been substantially reduced. It is not, th erefore, surprising to find that St. Edmund Hall, which had come to hold a leading place among the Halls in the course of the ceptury and could claim the unusual distinction of havi ng attached to it a Grammar School of its own, was obliged to relinquish the dependent Halls that had been attached to it and to confine itself to its original borders. The exact elate when \ i\Thite Hall was gi,Âˇen up is not known, but such evidence as there is points to the conclusion that the severance had taken place before Ric~ard Broke lay down the principalship in 1500. ' On the d eath of Thomas and Alice Barton, White Hall passed to Joan, their daughter, who with her husband Thomas Mustell, gentleman of London, sold the property to Magdalen College about q89. In the Magdalen ren tal of 1507 a nd in subsequent years it is described as ' ye Timberyard.' In the reign of Elizabeth another house seems to have been added to the site. In 1565 one of these houses and the timberyard were leased to Edward vVainwright, cook and vintner. A hundred years later Magdalen is found letting the whole premises to Robert Lloyd, cook. At the time of this lease (1662) the premises were div ided into two tenements, one of which was known as' The Eagle and Child.' In 1774 the property was sold by Magdalen to John Alleyne, of Loughborough, Leicestershir~, and was subsequently acquired by the Queen's College. Magdalen once again came into possession of it a few years ago, as the result of an exchange by which Nos. 42 and 43 High Street passed from Magdalen to Queen's. In the days when these premises were used as a hostelry there was at least one occasion each year when the Hall may be said to have resumed occupation. Hearne recounts that at Balliol it was the custom 'for every Freshman on the 1st of Nov., when they begin to keep Fires, each of them to tell in his turn a story, the Seniors being Auditors, & the Dean of the College is present to see Things regular.' The same custom was kept up at St. Edmund Hall. 'It is done in the Hall,' Hearne says, 'at the Eagle, & there is afterwards a Collation, every junior contributing something. No Gown is excepted.'Âˇ* In Hearne's time the Musgraves kept ' The Eagle and Child.' He describes Mr. William Musgrave, who died in 1723, 'being near, if not quite, fourscore Years of Age,' as 'an Irishman of a very good Character for his Honesty, notwithstanding he was a Roman Catholick. He was a Souldier in Ireland for K. James II.' In a later entry in his diary Hearne records that Patrick, William Musgrave's son, married the youngest

* Hearne's

Collections, 1725-28, ix, 367.

SL EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE daughter of William Prince, 'a brisk, airy, neat man, tho '. very proud, ' who was for some years Manciple of the Hall. It is to be hoped that now that the site of 'Vhite Hall has been re-annexed the means may eventually be found by which a twentyone years' lease may be converted into freehold and White Hall Quadrangle become incorporated in the site of St. Edmund Hall for all time. A.B.E.

A TOMAHAWK It is probable that St. Edmund Hall numbers among its distinguished alumni the only Red Indian Chief who has become a member of the University of Oxford. Oronhyatekha, a chief of the Six Nations, matriculated as a member of the Hall on May 6, 1862, aged 21. He had been chosen by the chief of the Six Nations of Indians to present an address to the Prince of Wales on the occasion of the royal visit to Canada in 1860. He made so favourable an impression upon the Prince that he was invited to come to Oxford and continue his medical studies under the direction â&#x20AC;˘of Sir Henry Acland, who was then Regius Professor of Medicine. His previous record was one which did him great credit. Âˇ He was born in 1841 at the Six Nations Indian Reservation, near Brantford, Ontario. He received the rudiments of an English education at the Industrial School, which the New England Company had established for the training of young Indians. His eagerness for further education took him away from home, and he studied for some time at the Wesleyan Academy at Wilbraham, Massachusetts. He was without means, and it is related of him that ' on one occasion while at Wilbraham, he found himself in funds by sawing a co.rd of wood for a Methodist minister, two cuts into each stick. Thi~ brought him forty cents.' Although he had to JWork after school hours for his support, he was usually found ' at the head of his class at examination time, and during his last year at 'Vilbraham, he took the maximum number of marks in various subjects of study.' On leaving Wilbraham he acted as ,a schoolmaster for one year among his own people, and then entered Kenyon College, Ohio. There he studied for three years, taking the equivalent of two years of his course in his first year. He then passed on to Toronto University, where he studied medicine for three years. On coming to Oxford he came to know Thomas Outram Marshall, then a scholar of New College, who in later life r.endered great se~vice to the English Church Union as its Organizi.pg Sec-

TH E RESTORATIO N I N PROGRESS .

ORO:'-IHYATEKH A, in the Indi a n costum e which he wore when h e presented the address of rhe Six Na ti ons of Indians t o the Prin ce of W a l e ~ in 1860.

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retary. Marshall was asked to look after Oronhyatekha. 'Vhen, af.terÂˇabout one year of residence in Oxford, Oronhyatekha returned to Canada, he gave Marshall a tomahawk. On his return Oronhyatekha practised as a doctor. It was while he was in practice at London, Ontario, that he made acquaintance with the Independent Order of Foresters. After initiation into the Order he rose rapidly to the position of Chief Executive, and in 1881 was elected to the office of Supreme Chief Ranger. The rapid growth of the Order eventually obliged him to give up his practice a s a doctor and to devote his whole time to the important work of what had become one of the greatest of the Fraternal Benefit Societies. In 1894 there appeared his compendious history of the Order. His work for the Order won him the reputation of being 'its most successful promoter, ablest adm.inistrator, and most valiant defender.' He presided over it as Supreme Chief Ranger ui1til his death in 19oi. His activities were not confined to this one organization . He was a keen Freemason and became Grand Master-General for the Dominion of Canada. In 1892 the Good _ Templars elected him Grand Templar. This Mohawk chief in the course of a remarkable career became, through his great energy Âˇ and ability, a leading figure in the world of Friendly Societies. On the death of her husband this year Mrs. Outram Marshall presented to the Hall the tomahawk which had been given him as an undergraduate by Oronhyatekha, together with a copy of the address from the Six Nations of Indians, presented to the Prince of 'Vales in 1860. A_.B.E.

THE OLD LIBRARY .EVERAL books of Aularian interest that are deserving of notice here have been added to the Old Library during the-course of the year. These include an important collection of the tracts of Henry Parker, who matriculated as a member of the Hall on February 3, 1622, and subsequently became a prominent Parliamentarian official and a prolific writer of political tracts. In his controversial writings he crossed swords with another Aularian, Judge Jenkins (matric. 1600), a valiant champion of the Royalist cause. One yolume, containing twenty tracts published from 1640 to 1651, of which fourteen are by Parker and three others probably by him, was at one time the property of John Rushworth, the noted Parliamentaria n, whose Historicall Collections were for a long time one of the chief authorities for the history of the reign of Charles I. It bears Rushworth's signature and the date l6io, in which year

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probably Rushworth had these tracts put together and bound. Rushworth evidently used them in the compilation of his f.Usi'GriaroU Collecti'.ons ; in addition to some notes, mostly in shorthand, on the fly-leaf, one tract in particular, The King's Cabinet Opened, is freely scored· with marginal notes and underlinings. Messrs. Bernard Qua ritch, · from whom the 'volume was purchased, give the following description of its contents : 'The volume contains fourteen pamphlets which a re definit ely attributed to Henry Parker and six which do not appear to be con nected with his name. Of these six, three have evidently been inserted some time after the original making up of the volume. It would seem to be quite a reasonable assumption that the other three (which have always formed part of the volume as originally bound) are also the work of Parker, as it is inconceivable that so many of his anonymous pamphlets (of the fourteen, twelve are without a ny indication of authorship) could have been grouped together without the will and knowledge of the compiler of the volume. Considering this circumstance, my opinion is that Rushworth, from the official position that he had in the Government during the forties of the century, probably knew by contact with Parker (who was also an official) that he was the author of all the pamphlets originally included in the volume, and therefore I think that the authorship of the three following pamphlets may be attributed, at least tentatively, to Henry Parker:(i) An Answer to the London Petition. [ 1642.] (ii) The Pope's Nuntioes Or, The Negotiation of Seignior Panzani, Seigneur Con, &c . . . . With the A·r chbishop of Cante·rbU'ry, and his Adhe·r ents in the yeares of our Lo·r d: i634, i635, i636, &c. 1643. (iii) The English Pope, or, A Discourse TV herein The late Mysticall Intelligence betwix t the Court of England, and the Court of Rome is in part discovered. And withall, An Account given of the true grounds of this minaturall, more then civill Warre. 1643. It is, perhaps, unnecessary to add that I have not been able to discover that they have ever been assigned to another author or authors."

The pamphlets in this volume that are definitely assigned to Parker in the D.N.B. are:1. The Case of Shipmoney Briefly Discoursed, acco·r ding to the Grounds of Law, Policie, and Conscience. 1640, 4to. 2. A Discourse concerning Puritans, &c. 1641, 4to. 3. The True Grounds of Ecclesiasticall Regiment set forth j,n a breife Dissertation, &c. 1641, 4to. The date given in the D.N.B. for this pamphlet is 1646 . . 4. Some ~Few Observations upon his Majesties late Ans'Z;f'er to the Declaration, or Remonstrance of the Lords and Commons of the i9. of May, i642. [1642], 4to. ·

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5..4 Petition or Declaration, Humbly desired to be presented to the view of H is most Excellent Majestie .. . Shewing the great danger and inconvenience that wi'.ll happen; both to the King and Kingdome, if either His Majestie or His People desert His Grand and most faithfull Councill, the High Court of Parliament. 1642, 4to. 6. ]us Populi, or, A Discoiwse vVherein clear satisfact·i on is given, as well concerning the Right of Subjects, as the Right of Princes, &c. 1644, 4to. 7. Severall Po.ysonous and Sedicious Papers of Mr. David Jenkins answ-ered. 1647, 4to. 8, The Cordiall of Mr. David Jenkins: o·r his Reply to H.P., Barrester of Lincolnes-lnne, answered. 1647, 4to. 9. Scotland's holy T!f/a.r . . .. A s also An Answer to a Pape·r, entituled, Some Considerations in relation to the Act of 2. Jan: 1649, fo r subsc·r ibing the Engagement. 1651, 4to.

There is also included The Kings Cabinet Opened: or Certain Packets of secret Letters & Papers, Written with the Kings own Hand, and tallen in his Cabinet at Nasby-Field, June 14. 1645. 1645, 4to. This publication was the joint work of Henry Parker, John Sadler, and Thomas May. There are five tracts . in this volume assignable to Parker which are not included i11 the list in the D.N.B. : 1. The Vintners Answer To Some Scandalous Phani phlets Published . . . by Richard Kilvert; &c. 1642, 4to. 2. The Oath of Pacification: or A fonne of R eligious Acco·m modation: Humbly proposed both to King and Parliament, &-·c. 1643, 4to. 3. The Speech of their Excellencies the Lords A mbassadours Extraordinary. From the High and Mighty States General of the United P.rovinces of the Netherlands, taking their leave of both the Honourable Houses of Parliament Assembled at Westminster, 10 . Apn11645, &-·c. Together with a Moderate Answer by a private Gentleman. 1645, 4to. 4. A Letter of Due Censure and Redargution to Lieiit. Coll: John Lilbume: touching his Triall at Guild Hall London in Octob: last. 1649, &c. 1650, 4to. Seven other copies of tracts by Henry Parker have also been added to the Library : 1. The Question concerning The Divine Right of Episcopacie trnly stated. 1641, 4to. 2. An incomplete tract entitled, The Irish Massacre; or A tnie Narrative of the UnparalleWd Cruelties exercised in Ireland upon the Brittish Protestants, &c. [1646], 4to. On the fly-leaf in a contemporary there is written : ' This was taken Printinge but never finished. Written by H:P. Esqre.'

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3. An Answer to the Poys01wus Sedicious Paper of Mr. David Jenkins. 1647, 4to. In a contemporary hand there has been added to the date: 'May. 12.' 4. Of a Free Trade. A Discourse Seriously Recommending to OU'r Nation wonderfull benefits of Trade , especially of a rightly Governed, and Ordered Trade, &c. 1648, 4to. 5. The True Portraiture of the Kings of England; Drawn from th eir Titles, Successions, Raigns and Ends. 1650, 4to. 6. Another copy of A Letter of due Censure and R edargution to Lieut: Coll: John Lilburne, in which the initials 'H.P., ' printed at the end of the pamphlet, have been added to in a contemporary hand so as to disclose the author's name: ' H. Parker, Crom: Secret:' (i.e. Cromwell's Secretary), with the date, 'June. 21. 1650.' 7. Reformation in Cou:rts, and Cases Testamentary. n.d., 4to. At the end of this pamphlet there had been noted in a contemporary hand: 'Written by Henry Parker Esqre. 15 Novemb. 1650.' Mr. ,V. M. 'Vright, of Wold Newton, M.A., of St. John's College, has most kindly presented to the Library a large fragment of the famous Calendarium Romammi Magnum of J. Stoeffler, printed at Oppenheim in 1518. This copy contains the whole of the Calendar with the curious "\voodcuts of occu'pations for each month, all the eclipses, and the sixty-two annuaf calculations of the moon's age and the true place of the Zodiac. A scarce work by William Whately (incorp. 16o2), who for his v~hement preaching was knowi:i as ' The Roaring Boy of Banbury,' has been acquired: A Bride-Bush; Or, A Di-rection Fo·r Manied Persons. Plainely Describing T,he Duties Common to both, and peculiar to each of them, &c. London, 1619; small 4to. Bound up with it is another work by the same author : The New· Birth; O·r, .4 Treatise of Re-generation, &c. 1635, 4to. Another addition to the Library is a copy of' New ~ourt-Songs, and Poems. By R. V. Gent. London, 1672, 8vo.' The author or, more correctly, the. collector of this rare book of verses was Robert Vee], who entered the Hall in 1663, and, according to Anthony Wood, after ten months of residence ' went to the great city, lived after the manner of poets in a debauch'd way.' Many of the poems in this collection are by Thomas Durfey, the' T.D.' to whom the book is dedicated. The copy procured for the Library comes from the collection of the late Mr. G. Thorn-Drury, and contains on the fly-leaves a note and an index of first lines in his handwriting. A copy has been obtained of Anacreon Done into English Out of the Original Greek. Oxford, 1683, 4to. John Oldham (matric. 1670) is reputed to be the author of one of. the translations-No. xvi, entitled 'The Cup.'

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Four MS. note-books in the handwriting of Dr. William Dowson, Principal from 1787 to 1800, have been acquired. One notebook contains extracts from various authors; the othe r three are devoted to Qiwestiones Theologicae, and apparently comprise fair copies of academical exercises. The work of re-cataloguing the Library has been proceeding. Mr. J. L. N. O' Loughlin, who has very kindly taken up the task, has made good progress with the books printed before 1641. It has been decided to catalogue these books first, so that a list of them may be available for the catalogue that is being compiled of all books printed before 1641 that are in college libraries in Oxford. In addition to those already noted, the following books have been presented to the Old Library during the year : 0

From the P路r incipal: CHAMBERLAYNE, Edward (matric. 1634). L ' Estat prese11t de l' A ngleterre, !l vec plusie11 rs refiexions sur son ancien estat. 3rd Edn. Amsterdam, 1671, l2mo. This is a French translation of Chamberlayne's well-known The Present State of England. In the list of Oxford Colleges and Halls, Dr. Tully appears as ' Principal de la Halle de Edmond.' PENTON, , Stephen (Principal 1676-84). The Guardian's Inst路r uction, or, The Gentleman's Romance: & 路c. London, 1688, 12mo. And bound up with it his New Instructions to the Guardian, &路c. London, 1694, 12mo. FOTHERGILL, Dr. George (Principal 1751-60). The Present Impunity of Wicked Men No Argument against the Justice of God's Government. Illustrated in Two Sermons. Oxford, 1766, 8vo. From the Rev. A. L. Browne: LEE, Dr. F. G. (matric. 1851). 1'\lliscellaneous Sermons by Clergymen of the Cliurch of England. Ed. by the Rev. F. G. Lee. London, 1860, 8vo. A.B.E.

OBlTUARY WALTER HEBDEN MILNER. The Rev. Wal.t er Hebden Milner, M.A., died at the Homes of St. Barnabas, Dormans, on July 1, aged ninety-one. At the time of his death he was the oldest member of the HaH, having come into residence in Hilary Term, 1861, when Dr. Liddon was VicePrincipal. In that year he rowed ' 5 ' in the first Eight that the Hall put on the river and '4' in the Eight of the following year. From the Hall he went to Lichfield Theological College in 1865. He was ordained deacon, to the curacy of Melbourne, Derbyshire,

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in 1867, and priest in 1&;0. He was curate of New Whitlington, in the same county, from 1868 to 1875. In the latter year he became a Chaplain to the Forces, serving at Aldershot from 1875 to 1876, at Malta from 1876 to 1883, at Woolwich from 1883 to 1888, at Cyprus from 1888 to 1893, at Preston from 1893 to 1894, at Aldershot from 18g4 to 1901. He was Resident Chaplain of the Tower from 19::>I to 1911 and Chaplain at the Hyde Park Barracks from 1911 to 1916. On his retirement in 1916 he had completed forty-one years of service, which is a record for the Chaplains' Department. Although in his latter years the infirmities of old age prevented him from visiting Oxford, he gave evidence of his deep affection for the Han by the .l etters he wrote from year to year on his receipt of a copy of the Magazine. GERALD HENRY GEORGE GODDARD. The Rev. Gerald Henry George Goddard, B.A., died at Colyton, Devon, on January 6, aged sixty-three. Born on October 9, 1869, he was the fifth son of the Rev. W. H . Goddard, sometime R ector of East Mersea, Essex. He went to Denstone College, and came up to the Hall in Hilary Term, 18g.1. He graduated as B.A. in 1895. He was ordained in 18g8 to the curacy of Redenhall, ~or folk. In 1902 he became curate of Tydd St. Mary, Lincolnshire, and three years later curate of Downton, Wiltshire. He was appointed Rector of Odstock in 1909. After five years at Odstock,. he accepted the rectory of All Saints', Axminster, where he remained until his retirement, which took place shortly before his death. RANULPH HAMILTON EVERED. The Rev. Ranulph Hamilton Evered, M.A., died at Burnham, Somerset, on April 28, aged seventy-two. He was the second son of the Rev. E. E., J. Evered. He entered the Hall in Michaelmas Term, 1879. He graduated as B.A. in 1884, and was ordained deacon the same year to the curacy of Churchlench, Worcestershire. In 1885 he was ordained priest, and became curate of Alt Saints', Cheltenham, where he remained for two years. After a year spent at Bucknall as curate, he was appointed in 1888 a Minor Canon of Gloucester Cathedral and curate of St. Mary de Lode in the city of Gloucester. In 1894 he became Precentor of the Cathedral. In the following year he accepted the vicarage of Newland with Redbrook, in Gloucestershire, which he held for twenty-eight years. In 1922 he removed to the rectory of Shenley, in Oxfordshire,· where he continued until his retirement last year. ·

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THOMAS FREER MINSHULL. The Rev. Thomas Freer Minshull, M.A., died on December 16, 1931, .aged seventy. He was the fourth son of the Rev. T. E. l\Iinshull. He entered the Hall in Michaelmas Term, 1881. He graduated B.A. in 1888; and was ordained deacon in the following year. In 1890 he was ordained priest and proceeded to the degree of M.A. He first went as a curate to the parish church of Sculcoates, Yorkshire; in 1892 he was appointed curate of St. Paul's in the same town. From 1894 to l8c)7 he was curate of Burton Agnes, Yorkshire. In the latter year he became Vicar of Eastrington, near Howden. In lgo8 he moved to Bubwith, near Selby, where he was vicar until his death. JOHN MARK SOMERS HUNTER. Sir Mark Hunter, Kt., M.A. (Oxon.), D.Litt. (Rangoon), formerly Director of Public Instruction in Burma, and a Vice-President of the Aularian Association, died on September 20,. at a London nursing home after a protracted illness, aged sixty-seven. John Mark Somers Hunter was the eldest son of the Rev. Canon J. \V. Hunter, Rector of Chiddingfold, Surrey. He was at school at Den stone, and came up to the Hall in Hilary Term, 1885. He read the _Honour School of Modern History and narrowly missed a 'First.' In 1895 he joined the Indian Educational Service. He was successively head of the Government College, Mangalore, the Kumbakonam College and Rajahmundry College. He was appointed Additional Professor of English at the Presidency College in 1912, and two years later he succeeded to the Chair itself. In 1918 he went to Burma as Director of Public Instruction at a time when the Burmese Education Department needed strengthening. In the words of the well-informed obituary of him that appeared in the Times, 'he gave the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Reginald Craddock, valuable support in establishing the University of Rangoon, which was brought into being by an Act passed in 1920, as a teaching and residentia.l institution. The Act did not find favour with a section of Burmese opinion, and was amended by Sir Harcourt Butler's Government in 1923; but the fact remains that it was under Sir Mark Hunter's regime in the Education Department that Burma was at last relieved from the anomalous position of being within the territorial ambit of the distant oversea and overgrown Calcutta University. He explained and defended the provisions of the first Bill in the ProvincialÂˇ Legislature, and knew how to fight for a policy and to meet recalcitrance when occa-

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sion arose.' The University_of Rangoon conferred upon him the degree of D. Litt. He receiv'ed the honour of knighthood in January, 1923. In the summer of that year he retired from the Directorship and returned to England. After his retirement he devoted his enthusiasm and energy to the service of a society for the promotion of English Spelling Reform, and to the campaign for the establishment of a University at Southampton. He viewed with apprehension the policy of Indian constitutional reform, and was persuaded to act as the first Secretary of the Indian Empire Society on its formation 111 1930. He read widely and was a life-long student of Shakespeare. One of his last literary exercises was an article on the ' Spiritual Values in Shakespeare' contributed to Speculum Religionis, the volume of essays presented to the President of University College, Southampton, Dr. Claude Montefiore. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. After he returned to England from Burma he lost no opportunity of showing his keen regard for the Hall. He took the chair at the constituent meeting of the Aularian Association in 1925, and was one of the first Vice-Presidents. The Hall loses in him a distinguished and loyal son. EDWARD HEATHFIELD TUPPER. The Rev. Edward Heathfield Tupper, B.A., Vicar and Rural Dean of Wimbledon, died on February 9. Born at Wimbledon, he was educated first at King's School, Worcester, and then at Dens tone College, where he was regarded by Canon Hibbert, who was then Headmaster, as one of his best pupils. He entered the Hall in Michaelmas Term, 1896. He graduated B.A. in 1899, and M.A. in 1903. He was ordained in 1902 from Ely Theological College, and went as curate to Wantage. From 1906 to 1918 he was a Minor Canon of Worcester Cathedral. There he was associated with his great friend, Precentor Woodward, a distinguished musician, to whom he was indebted for the development of his musical talent. On Woodward's death in 1909 he succeeded to the precentorship. In 1918 he was appointed by the Dean and Chapter of Worcester to the vicarage of Mortlake, with East Sheen. 'Here he proved himself,' it has been written of him, 'not only an efficient administrator of a large parish, but a devoted and whole-hearted parish priest, giving all that was best in him to the care of the Âˇ people in his charge.' In 1928 he was appointed Rural Dean of

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Richmond. and Barnes. After he had been for twelve years Vicar of Mortlake, he was appointed by the same patrons to the vicarage of Wimbledon. ' His work there,' writes the Sub-Dean of Southwark, ' had already begun to tell ; he had gathered round him a strong staff of clergy to serve in the five churches of the parish, and he had won the confidence of the people. His Bishop had appointed him Rural Dean of 'N"imbledon, and in both parish and deanery he had shown himself to be possessed of all the qualities required of a man in so responsible a position. His death ... deprives the Southwark diocese of a strong, faithful priest in the prime of life and vigour, whose growing prestige among his clerical brethren had marked him out as a man of the future.' A. B. E.

UT FAMA EST Sir Ernest N. Bennett, M.P. (Vice-Principal, 1893-5), was a member of the Franchise Committee which went to India this year in continuation of the work of the Round Table Conference. The cordial congratulations of the Hall are due to Sir Ernest on his appointment as Assistant Postmaster-General. The congratulations of the Hall are due to the Rev. Canon L. Hodgson (Vice-Principal, 1914-19) on his appointment as a Select Preacher to the University. He has organised the series of Talks on Religion which the B. B.C. has arranged for 1933Âˇ The Bishop of Winchester has appointed him one of his Examining Chaplains. Major E. C. Priestley, Army Educational Corps (Tutor of the Hall, 1913-18), has been appointed to the staff of Kitchener College, Nowgong, Central India. Mr. M. Ahmad has been appointed Vice-Principal of Osmania College, Aurangabad, Deccan. The Rev. N . E. Ashenden has been appointed Metropolitan Secretary of the Church Missionary Society. Mr. W. H. M. Branston is to be congratulated on the birth of John Richard on April 20. The Rev. F. J. Buckle has been appointed Vicar of Cleator Moor, Cumberland. Mr. J. M. C. Clayton was married on July 30 to Miss Betha Wolferstan Pellatt, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Pellatt, at St. George's Church, Langton Matravers, Dorset. Mr. A. L. Clegg has been . appointed Assistant Solicitor of Bolton. Mr. D. J. Cockle is at Ely Theological College.

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The Rev. T. H. Croxall has been appointed Organist of Calcutta Cathedral and Chaplain of the Presidency General Hospital. .Mr. W. F. Cummings resumed residence for the year 1931-32 to read for the Diploma in Education. He has been appointed assistant master of the School of John Lyon, Harrow. The Rev. A. B. Dex was married on November 14Âˇ He has been appointed Vicar of Briercliffe, Burnley. The Rev. S. A. C. Dickins is in charge of the mission church at Moordown, Bournemouth. Mr. D. K. D. Dixey has obtained an appointment with Messrs. E. S. and A. Robinson, Ltd., Colour Printers, Bristol. The Rev. R. Edwards has been appointed Vicar of Holy Trinity, \ iV altham Cross. Mr. E. M. Fitch has joined the staff of the Rawleigh Foundation for Public Service, Illinois, as an economist. Mr. B. M. Forrest has been appointed an assistant master of Queen Elizabeth's College, Jersey . The Rev. A. J. Foster has gone to Ceylon as Chaplain to Mount Lavinia College, Colombo, where the Rev. T. W. Gilbert was his predecessor. Mr. W. W. E. Giles has been appointed Headmaster of the new Busoga High School in Uganda and sails in February to take up his post. The Rev. E. T. H. Godwin is to be congratulated on the birth of a son on February 27. Mr. H. F. Green, of the Asiatic Petroleum Co., Ltd., is at W uchow on the West River. The Rev. M. D. Grieve has been appointed Rector of Dearham, near Maryport. Mr. A. E. Hill has joined the Nigerian Police. Mr. C. R. Hiscocks is studying in the University of Berlin. The Rev. R. L. Hodson, Rector of Wolverhampton, has been appointed Rural Dean. The Rev. J. B. C. Hordern has been appointed Vicar of the new parish of Yeading, Middlesex. The church has been dedicated to St. Edmund of Abingdon. The Rev. Canon H. 0. Hubble has resigned the vicarage of St. John's, Le?-mington. Mr. G. E. Janson-Smith was married on March 12 to Miss Ena Mary Reeve, elder daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Reeve, at Corpus Christi, Maiden Lane, W.C. The Rev. P. T. Jefferson has been appointed Rector of Fordsburg, near Johannesburg.

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Major B. C. W. Johnson is to be congratulated on being awarded the 0. B.E . in recognition of his services to the Officers' Training Corps. The Ven. vV. R. Kinight-Adkin, Chaplain of the Fleet, is to be congratulated on being awarded the C. B. (Civil Division). Mr. E. C. Lamb has been appointed an assistant master of the Royal Grammar School, Colchester. The Rev. W. J. Lancaster has been appointed a Royal Naval Chaplain, and has been gazetted to H.M.S. Royal Oak. Prince L. LieYen was called to the Bar at Grays Inn on November 17Âˇ Mr. G. E. Marfell as part of his strenuous study of the business of hotel-keeping has been working in the kitchen of the Carlton Hotel. Mr. M. A. McCanlis has made a good recovery from a severe operation for appendicitis. Mr. H . A. Maxwell, who is conserving forests in Upper Burma, has shot his first tiger. The Rev. E. L. Millen has been appointed Vicar of Beckley and Vicar of Horton-with-Studley, Oxon. Mr. H. J. Mills has been appointed an assistant master of Lewington College, Sydney, N.S.W. The Rev. T. G. Mohan has been appointed Assistant Secretary of the Church Pastoral Aid Society. The Rev. K. C. Oliver has been appointed curate of St. Edmund's, Roundhay. The Rev. A. H. Otway has been appointed Vicar of Ewshott, Surrey. The Rev. H. W. Palmer has been appointed an assistant priest at St. Dunstan's, Liverpool. The Rev. R. M. Parker, who has been at St. Stephen's House, has, on ordination, been appointed curate of Richmond. The Rev. N. A. Perry-Gore has been appointed curate of St. Paul's, Deptford. The Rev. C. A. Plaxton has been appointed Vicar of Southbroom, Devizes. He is to be congratulated on the birth of Anne Catherine on April 29. The Rev. F. H. Robothan is to be congratulated on the birth of Anthony Michael on April 30. Mr. F. G. Roberts has been appointed an assistant master of King Edward VI School, Southampton. The Rev. J. H. A. Rushbridger has joined the Railway Mission in South Africa.

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Mr. B. J. Rushby-Smith has been appointed an assistant master of Coatham School, Redcar. The Rev. G. Sayle has been appointed Vicar of St. Paul's, Middlesbrough. The Rev. W. A. Schofield has been appointed Vicar of Grosmont, Whitby. The Rev. A. B. Selwyn is resident at the House of the Resurrection, Mirfield. The Rev. C. C. Shaw has been appointed curate of St. James the Great, Milton, Portsmouth. The Rev. F. S. W. Simpson has been appointed to the curacy of Ramsey, Huntingdonshire. The Rev. F. A. Smalley is spending a year in Oxford on leave from the West China Union University, Chengtu, and is reading for the degree of B.Litt. The Rev. R. C. Smith has been appointed Rector of East Leake, Loughborough. The Rev. J. I. Stuttaford, Chaplain to the R.A.F., is stationed at Boscombe Down. The Rev. C. H. Sutton has been appointed curate of St. Crispin's, Bermondsey. Mr. S. W. E. Taylor is with Messrs. Allnatt and Craddock, Accountants, Reading. Mr. G. W. Thornhill has resumed residence in order to read for the Diploma of Education. Mr. J. S. Tennant has been elected for the West Ward of the Borough of Harrogate by a record majority. The following Aularians living abroad have been in England this year : Mr. A. R. Clark (Gambia), Mr. C.R. Hiscocks (Canada), Rev. T. H. Horsfield (Gold Coast), Mr. G. E. Janson-Smith (India), Dr. M. M. Knappen (U.S.A .), Mr. H. E. Pegg (Egypt), Mr. P. J ; Sandison (Sudan), Rev. J. A. Schofield (Australia), Rev. F. A. Smalley (China), Mr. R. E. Walker (Gold Coast). Âˇ We have gathered the following particulars concerning those Aularians who have gone down since the last issue of the Magazine: Mr. A. D. Bailey is at the Bishop's Hostel, Lincoln. Mr. R. G. Cornwell is at Cuddesdon College. Mr. N. G. Fisher has been appointed an assistant master of Stamford School. Mr. E. C. R. Hadfield is working in connection with the Hanover Finance Corporation. Mr. H. Hedley is at the Bishop's Hostel, Lincoln.

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M~GAZINE

Mr. M. F . Jerrom has been appointed an assistant master of Hastings Grammar School. Mr. E. L. H. Kentfield has been appointed an assistant master of Bancroft's School, Woodford Green . Mr. N. A. H. Lawrance has gone out to India to St. Columba's. College, Hagaribagh, Behar. Mr. C. G. Lawrence has been appointed an assistant master of Queen Elizabeth's School, Crediton. Mr. J. C. Nield has been appointed an assistant master of Colston's School, Bristol. Mr. C. E. Passey has been appointed an assistant master of Campbell College, Belfast. Mr. A. W. U. Roberts has been appointed an assistant master of Blundell's School. Mr. J. P. Thorp has been appointed an assistant master of the Bee School, Tooting. Mr. L. Thorpe is with Messrs. Harrods, Ltd. _Mr. G. S . .Wamsley is at Cuddesdon College. !\fr. D. A. H. Wright has obtained an appointment m the Marketing Research Department of Messrs. Saward, Baker .and Co., Ltd. Mr. J.C. Yates is at the Theological College, Ely. During the year the following Aularians have been ordained : Deacons .-R. Horton (Liverpool), K. C. Oliver (Ripon), R. M. Parker (Southwark), N. A. Perry-Gore (Southwark), G. C. Pownall (Wakefield), C. C. Shaw (Portsmouth), C. H. Sutton (Souttiwark). Priests.-Rev. K. M. Bishop (Portsmouth), Rev. LI. P. Burnett (Manchester), Rev. J. N. C. Holland (Canterbury), Rev. H. H. Hook (Gloucester), Rev. J. E. T. Phillips (Winchester), Rev. E. L. G. Powys (Southwark), Rev . F. M. Scutt (Salisbury), Rev. A. E. A. Sulston (Oxford).

SOCIETIES, 1932 THE DEBATING SOCIETY. HILARY TERM, 1932.

P.resident-W. A. HoLT. Vice-President-G. D. CLUER. Secretary-G. S. KEEN. Exactly why it should have been, we do not profess to know, but there it undoubtedly was-that almost uninterrupted flow of exuberant spirits. It was not that meetings were exceptionally

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well attended: the average attendance-twenty-three-was scarcely higher than that during previous Hilary Terms, and the debate with the Senior Common Room deserved a larger audience. Nor was the quality of speeches altogether responsible for the Society's lightheartedness ; for though a handful of first-year men fulfilled their promise of the previous term, and though second and third-year men mostly maintained or enhanced their reputations, there were still too many occasions when speakers - even the more gifted among them-were unnecessarily casual in their approach to the subject of debate. The Society does not, of course, expect of its members that stiff and elegant show of fine feathers which still passes for brilliance at the Union. A speaker may, if he wishes, address the House with his hands in his pockets-provided his wits are churning up pertinent arguments or interesting digressions. But Freedom should be an incentive; sometimes Âˇit was made an excuse. Yet the Society flatly refused to be downcast. Coffee, beer and cider went their customary rounds ; there was gaiety in the gestures with which tobacco, cigarettes and epithets were lightly flung from bench to bench ; and first-year men applauded and heckled as only first-year men know how. In this mood, it was decided-inter alia-that the industrial civilization of the modern world leads to unhappiness, that the proctorial system in Oxford is unnecessary and undesirable, that the best-seller is not a ' Bad Thing,' and that the intrinsic value of sport has not been exaggerated. The most successful debate. of all, however, was that with the Senior Common Room, when the House scornfully refused to regret that we spend so large a proportion of our lives in being educated. On this occasion, both the Chaplain and Dr. Hunt-to whom our best thanks are due-shook off their scholarship as easily, and as gracefully, as a lady shakes off her cloak at the opera: whilst M. F. Jerrom (ex-President) and Prince L. Lieven (Grand Patriarch) maintained the high standard of debate-the one with whimsic<d humour, the other with classic eloquence. Amongst other outstanding speakers during the term it is not easy to particularise: E. C. R. Hadfield (ex-President) and N. G. Fisher (ex-Secretary )-two of the most persuasive and urbane speakers the House has recently known-took leave of the Society in a memorable debate. G. S. Keen spoke with style and charm, and, as Secretary, frequently rescued the President from the swamps of Private Business, assisted very pleasantly by G. D. Cluer (VicePresident). R. A. Sandison had one of the clearest heads in the

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House, and, when on form, could be entertaining as well as lucid, whilst C. J. Hayes-the Society's Dr. Johnson-had definite views on almost anything. D. J. A. Lobb, now an established institution, improved perhaps more than anyone throughout the term. Among rising stars, T. J. Childs and S. F. Parsons were outstanding: both spoke consistently well when they had mastered a tendency to lecture the Society. Among lesser lights, twinkling pleasantly, we can recall F. M.A. Farrer's high spirits, W. L. Herbert's modesty, W. J. Meredith's homely accent, and G. H. White's invigorating smile. And, now that we come to think of it, the quality of that smile - broad, Pickwickian, always good-humoured, "accasionally brilliant- sums up fairly adequately what was best in a lighthearted session. At the end of term, G. S. Keen was elected President, R. A. Sandison Vice-President, and T. J. Childs Secretary, for the following Michaelmas T erm. W. A. H. MICHAELMAS TERM .

President-G. S. KEEN. Vice-P.resident~R. A. SA..'IDISOX. Secretary-T. J. CHILDS. Throughout the term the prestige and renown of the Society have been maintained in a manner well worthy of its long-standing traditions. Thanks to the energy and enthusiasm of many of the freshmen, the attendance at almost every meeting was conspicuously large, and the entire absence of the dead-weight of a body of passive back-benchers was always gratifying. On the whole, Private Business was brief and to the point; there were no regrettably farcical proposals, no votes of. censure were moved against any of the officers, and once more Trotsky was proclaimed an honorary member of the Society ; while the chocolates, now rescued from the rapacity of the House as a whole, have been made safe for the non-smokers. Public Business motions always provoked able discussion on both sides of the House. The visitors' debate, at which the Society entertained members of the Somerville College Debating Society, was extraordinarily successful, and after a long and well-contested struggle, in which members and visitors alike vigorously participated, the idea of a tax on bachelors was finally suppressed. At other meetings, in which G. A. Forrest, P. H . Rogers, T. P. Hamerton and W. G. Fallows spoke consistently well, a dictatorship for Britain was vetoed; a contented pig, it was decided, is better than a discontented philosopher, and the doom of the BodIeian Library was effectively sealed. The Sharp Practice meeting

I -iO

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demonstrated the excellent capacities of many members in a wellfilled house for impromptu oratory on a wide range of topics both abstruse and trivial. At the final meeting, R. A. Sandison was elected President for the Hilary Term, D. J. A. Lobb Vice-President and W. G. Fallows Secretary. G.S.K. ESSAY SOCIETY. HILARY TERM, 1932.

President- S. A. R. GUEST. This has been one of the most prosperous terms in the history of the Society, since with a membership of twenty and a fixture-. card full of interesting essays, the meetings were well attended and the discussions animated. The first essayist of the term, W. A. Holt, gave us much that was original and stimulating in his treatment of Gandhi, 'The Mysterious Hindu '; he carried conviction in his penetration of the various guises under which Gandhi has appeared during his vigorous career, and his discussion of the reality which lies behind. Some of the threads of this essay were picked up by M. F. J errom, who in his essay, 'Empire,' chose Africa as an outstanding example: he maintained with some clarity that any imposition of Western civilisation must be strictly commensurate with native capacity to receive it, if any permanent resu1ts are to be achieved. A regard for the interests of the natives as a whole, coupled with a continuous policy of development, was was to him the ideal method of colonial administration. A most refreshing change from the world of theory to that of nature was heralded by H.J. Andrews'' Vagabondia,' which being interpreted by the Essayist means 'The Tramp's Kingdom.' We were not a little surprised to see in the Ideal Tramp a Lord of the Highway, a nature-lover, and an observer of humanity, and were much interested in an all-too-brief historical survey of the littleknown Gipsy peoples both in England and abroad. The description of the daily life of the modern tramp detracted somewhat from the aesthetic glamour with which we were already investing the travelling aristocracy, but the spirited appeal from their representative to flee what he considered the evils of modern civilisationthe machine, the Youth Hostel, and the organised Hiker-could not fail to affect such a decadent society. The next meeting displayed an inevitable reaction, developing into a fight between the musical ideali sts led by the essayist, B. Seton, and the materialists. In ' Opera and Drama ' he pointed out with the enthusiasm of an initiate the bond between words and

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music, and traced the development Of Opera to its consummation in Wagner as the illustrious union of Voice and Verse. The same tonflict between Art and Reality was to be seen at the next meeting , when G. E. Price reviewed French Art in the Nineteenth Century: The subject was especially interesting to those who had seen the recently-opened exhibition of French Art in London ; the essay turned upon the spirit of experiment shown in the painting of the perio J and the conflict of realism and science with Romanticism and Idealism. The subsequent discussion was much helped by the ci rculation of the Exhibition illustrated catalogue. At the last meeting of the term, when the Society had elected vV. A, Holt President for the Michaelmas Term, W. W. S. March read his essay,' Per A stra ad A'r dua.' Though this might be interpreted in various w,ays, we were pleasantly surprised to find him dealing with aerial police rather than with Platonism. His discursive m ethod led him to pass from a comparison of war and sport to the Tardieu Plan, and he supported the proposal of a world aerial police force under the direct control of Geneva, an idea which he claimed as original, though unfortunately anticipated by M. Tardieu. The Society throughout the term displayed a vivid interest in the subjects discussed, and an intelligent appreciation of the essayist's point of view; but, especially later in the term, in those weeks when Oxford begins to pall, the discussions wandered from the point, with but little intellectual benefit to the Society. S.A.R.G. MICHAELMAS TERM.

President-W. A.

HOLT.

This term, in at least one important respect, the members of the Society resembled the rats which followed the Pied Piper of Hamelin: they were a delightfully varied company. There were the reticent and the argumentative, the practical and the abstruse , the patrons of literature, of history, of politics, and of philosophy. Some-especially the very young-wracked their brains tirelessly, as if the establishment of their own opinions, and the refutation of someone else's, were matters of momentous importance. Others -older or more diffident-were often content to sit smoking o r sipping port in the half-light, looking profound and saying little. The six essays read during the term reflected this diversity of temperament: but though subjects varied, the general standard of writing "vas considerably higher than usual. It is true that, at times, one might have wished for slightly shorter essays, more

ST. EDMUND. HALL MAGAZINE carefully constructed. Occasionally, too, one missed the incisive phrase, suggesting information well digested, and an opinion carefully formed and fe~rlessly expressed. But essayists rarely lapsed into platitude or downright slovenly thinking; and discussions were serious enough to be instructive, yet relieved by frivolous interludes. By an unusual coincidence, the Society began and concluded its session with essays written by ' Greats ' men. G. D. Cluer ranged over a \Viele fiefd of history and literature in his essay on ' Chivalry ' : like a true classical scholar, he argued well and wrote precisely. The Society, however, being in slightly cynical mood, mostly disapproved of the essayist's admiration for his subject. S. A. R. Guest (ex-President) concluded the session with a carefully prepared, profound, philosophical essay on 'The Real World ,' in which he more than maintained his ex-Presidential reputation. Candidly, the Society was often out of its depth, in spite of the essayist's homely illustrations: but it found its feet in time to- discuss, with some show of intelligence, the existence of a cigarette, and other important matters. These 'Greats' men, however, could not daunt the other essayists of term-three historians and a literary man. vV. L. Herbert was in provocative mood, and in a fluent, individual essay sought a new approach to the question of censorship by treating it historically : but he made no attempt to seek refuge from his own opinions in the study of history: frankly, he disliked all meddlesome moralists. G. S. Keen, too, in his 'Parcere Subjectis,' was unafraid in the statement of views formed by delving into the past : he condemned unreservedly Great Britain's Irish policy: whilst his elegant prose style-perhaps occasionally too rhetorical-was at best a pleasure to hear. Communism evidently fascinated vV. J. Meredith and consequently his audience: but both resented the attempts of Soviet Russia to suppress or collectivise personality: the essay was judicious and well-informed. T. J. Childs-in what was probably the best essay of the term-wrote of Leonardo, a magnificent dilettante and great intellectual rather than an artist of the first rank : on this occasion information was admirably blended with wit and criticism. In short, diverse temperaments, a fairly high standard of writing, plenty of hard reading and cool thinking on the part of the essayists, and a show of intelligence by those who listened and then argued-these things were mainly responsible for the Society's successful session. At the last meeting of term, T. J. Childs was elected President for the ensuing Hilary Term. W.A.H.

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THE JOHN OLDHAM SOCIETY. HILARY TERM, 1932.

P.res1:dent-J. H. TYZACK. Secretary- E. M . THWAITES. The plays selected for this term were of a lighter character than usual, but with two exceptions they were well suited to the mood of the Society. The two exceptions were 'The First Mrs. Fraser,' by St. John Ervine, a comedy with a trivial plot and few good lines; and ' Marriage,' by the Russian playwright, Gogol__:_a seemingly pointless and poor play which probably lost much in the translation, and aroused little interest. The first play of the term, ' French Leave,' a war-comedy by Reginald Berkeley, kept members constantly amused by its clever burlesque and by the humour of its situations. The most successful meeting, however, was held when' The Shoemakers'. Holiday,' by D ekker, was read. Members at once captured the spirit of the play, which read better. than the contemporary plays. The reading of 'The Fourth Viall,' a very clever murder play by Milne , was rather spoilt by the lengthy and copious stage directions. Another very pleasant evening was spent in reading ' Milestones,' by Bennett and Knoblock. The authors are particularly successful in the portrayal of the characters, presented to us at various stages of their lives. The last play of the term, ' Rope,' by Patrick Hamilton, is, what it sets out to be, a thriller pure and simple. It obviously acts better than it reads, yet the tense atmosphere was quite well brought out in the reading. Though the Society had on the whole a very successful term, the desire for more varied, and a little more serious fare, was reflected in the choice of plays for the following Michaelmas Term. For the Michaelmas Term, E . M. Thwaites was elected President and I. L. Serraillier Secretary. J. H. T. MICHAELMAS TERM.

President-C. C. H . WORRALL . S ecretary-I. L. SERRAILLJER . The first meeting of the term was held on February 13, when C . C. H. Worrall was elected President in place of E. M. Thwaites, who unfortunately for the Society had gone down the previous term. The first play read was 'Anna Christie, ' Eugene O 'Neill, which, in spite of the difficulties encountered in reading American slang, was much appreciated by the Society. lbsen's 'Rosmenholm ' was more easily read, as it lacked the usual voluminous s tage directions; the Society showed that it has no la\;k of talent, and J. F. Cooke and W. Wallace deserve particular mention for their renderings of difficult parts in this and _the ensuin~ plays.

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The Society were in an appreciative mood both before and during the reading of ' The Duchess of Malfi ' (Webster) , but it was difficult to decide whether this was due to their undoubted enthusiasm at meeting together again or to a real appreciation of the play. A variety of opinions was expressed on Pirandello's ' Henry IV,' ranging from the view that 'it was a fine and subtly constructed play,' to a terse monosyllabic comment which effectually .summed up the discussion. 'Caesar and Cleopatra' (Shaw) was well read and unanimously approved; its reception was a strong contrast to that of Tchekov 's ' Cherry Orchard,' which was found somewhat incomprehensible and unsuitable for reading aloud. On November 24 a Business Meeting was held, at which selections for next term's plays were made-entirely from contemporary dramatists. The Society then proceeded to read 'The Roof,' by Galsworthy. This was given quite the best reception of the term, and once again inspired some particularly good reading. The Society also showed its appreciation of a recital of simple stories by G. vV. Thornhill at the conclusion of the plays. For the Hilary Term, 1933, I. L. Serraillier was elected President and W. Wallace Secretary. The following new members were elected :-0. D. C. W. King-Wood, L. P. Mosdell and B. R. S. Mainwaring. C.C.H.W. THE MUSICAL SOCIETY. HILARY TERM, 1932. 1

President-vV. W. S. MARCH . SecretaÂˇr y-P. J. BRITTON. By the kindness of Messrs. Acott, a Gramophone Recital wa5 held in the Dining Hall on Thursday, January 21. The programme was something of a ' farrago.' The Overture to ' Die Meistersinger' was followed by Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, .a nd ' Bolero' by Ravel added the spices of modernity. The good attendance was sufficient to encourage a 1Âˇesolve to hold similar meetings in the future. On Thursday, February 18, a recital of works for violin and piano was g iven by Mr. John Fry (violin) and Mr. Arthur Baynon (pianoforte). The programme included three Sonatas-in G minor by John Stanley, in B fiat major (K.454) by Moza rt, and in G major (Op. 78) by Brahms. The thoughtful rendering and delicate interpretation were much enjoyed by the members of the Society and their gue~ts. For the following year B. Seton was elected President and G. D. Cluer Secretary. W.W.S.M.

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EIGHTs' vVE.E K CoNcERT.

Once again the weather made it impossible to have the concert m the quadrangle; but even if holding it in the dining-hall did detract somewhat from the comfort of the audience and the picturesqueness of the scene, yet in other respects it may be considered an advantage, especially for the singers, for it is extremely difficult to make vocal music really effective in the open air. The Hall was fortunate in the performers who had been secured for the occas~on. J. E . N. Cooper (Keble) is a fine pianist both as regards technique and interpretation; J. W. Hewitt(Jesus), D. F. Allen (Magdalen), and T. B. Harvey (Brasenose), showed themselves (in their performance of the Schubert Sonata) to be capable of excellent ensemble playing ; and Ronald Peacock, of the Cathedral choir, is a tenor with a most beautiful voice, and one who most assuredly knows how to use it. The Hall itself was represented by the body of eight singers, who sang madrigals and part-songs under the direction of W. W. S. March. J. E. N. Cooper gave a most sensitive and finished performance of Bach's 'My heart ever faithful,' transcribed for the piano by Cyril Scott in a charming but most up-to-date manner (what would Bach have thought, for example, of so many ' seconds '?). This was followed by Chopin's Scherzo in C sharp miner, which showed him to be a brilliant executant, and one fully capable of producing big effects from the piano. In the second half of the programme he showed himself to be equally at home with French Impressionism by his playing of Ravel's beautiful Jeux d'Eau, a piece that is a severe test for any pianist. Perhaps the decision, by the members of the piano-trio, to play Brahms's Trio in C minor, opus IOI, was rather unfortunate, for it.is an exceptionally di.fficult work to perform really well, and to a ~ertain extent their rendering of it was marred, both by lack of perfect co-operation, and also by a tendency of the strings, and especially the violin, sometimes to play out of tune. Nevertheless it was a valiant attempt, and much gratitude is due to these three instrumentalists for giving an Eights' Week Concert audience an opportunity of hearing such an acknowledged masterpiece performed at the Hall. Later in the programme the same players gave a wholly delightful performance of a movement from a recently discovered Sonata in B flat by Schubert. In their playing of this no fault could be found: they caught Schubert's exuberant spirits, and making the most of his wonderful gift of melody, and playing

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perfectly in tune, they more than atoned for any lapses that may have been present in their earlier performance. In the first part of the programme Ronald Peacock treated the audience to a feast of delightful trifles - three slight songs by Roger Quilter, and an arrangement of ' Phyllis has such charming graces '-all of them sung nearly perfectly. Later, in the second part of the programme, he reached his zenith with Handel's 'Where'er you walk,' most admirably sung; but, afterwards, perhaps to show the power and range of his voice, he lapsed to Coleridge Taylor 's 'Onaway, awake Beloved,' and ' Eleano.re.' There is admittedly a superficial charm and some good writing in the first song, but the second is really bad music. But almost anything may be forgiven to one who sang Handel as he did. Finally, his accompanist must not be forgotten, that fine pianist, G. S. Wamsley, who all the time was in perfect sympathy with the singer, and who, as a good accompanist should, subordinated himself and yet made his presence felt. On the whole, the madrigals and part-songs went well, after a somewhat shaky start. Weelkes's 'The Ape, the Monkey and Baboon,' and an arrangement of Schubert's ' My Love hath left me lonely,' were perhaps the best out of this item, although good performances were given of several others. All except one were conducted by W. W. S. March; the exception was a setting by Bertram Seton of part of Chatterton's' 0 sing unto my Roundelay,' which was conducted by the composer. In every way this was a most successful Eights' Week Concert, which thoroughly maintained the traditions of the Musical Society, and which reflected great credit upon its officers. B. SETON. MICHAELMAS TERM.

President-B. SETON. Secretary-G. D. CLUER. The chief activity of the Society during this term has been a concert at which the pe'r formers consisted entirely of members of the Society. An account of this appears elsewhere: it must suffice to record here the Society's thanks to G. D. Gosling and H. MoyseBartlett for their kindness in. typing the programme~. There have beenÂˇtwo other meetings of the Society. On November 10 W. W. S. March, ex-President of the Society, read a paper entitled Âˇ' Symbolism and Music.' He began with a general analysis of music in relation to experience, and stressed the double symbolism implied therein. He then went on to discuss the ' transsymbolisation ' of earlier composers into the modern idiom and

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various aspects of symbolism in different compositions. There then followed a lively discussion, ranging from modern transcrip~ tions of Bach to the aesthetic and intellectual enjoyment of the printed score. On November 18, through the kindness of Messrs. Acott, a Gramophone Recital was held in the Hall, which was much enjoyed. The programme was as follows :-Siegfried's Funeral March (Wagner), The Emperor Concerto (Beethoven), The Rio Grande (Constant Lambert). In conclusion it may be said that much interest and enthusiasm have been shown, especially in connection with the concert, by members of the Hall this term, an attitude which has made the arranging of the Society's activities much easier and more pleasant than it otherwise might have been. B.S.

CONCERT IN MICHAELMAS TERM.

There is always a temptation to write down a home-power product as a ' plucky effort.' But this would certainly be a gross injustice to the concert given by the Hall Musical Society on Friday, November 25. It is true that we had our doubts about the first item-doubts which were not really dispelled till the delightful last movement. Attempts to sing in German, except by an expert in the language, are also inclined to be rash. But with these exceptions we can say unreservedly that we were privileged to hear a concert in which novelty was blended in nice harmony with the familiar, the whole being held together by very real quality. If the Haydn Trio feels that it has had aspersions cast on it, let it rest assured that the aspersions are amply sympathetic. Indeed it would be hard to deny one's sympathy to such a delightful choice of subject as was this particular work. Haydn is alw?ys charming, and in the A llegro ma dolce here, he indeed excelled himself. The transition from the Andante is quite perfect and the players did it justice. The song-writing of Brahms needs no comment, and A. B. Codling's choice was a pleasant one. So is his voice, though lacking in strength: an untrained voice can be every bit as delightful as a professional' s. And then we came to Bertram Seton's Music for Piano-the item which had attracted most of our attention in the programme. It is difficult to judge the music of a new composer, but has Seton been feeling the influence of Debussy? In many places his music had just that composer's charm, and a tendency also, we fear, to

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his nebulousness and barrenness of m ~tter. The music ne,Âˇer lacked interest, it hel.d the attention throughout; and when h e has achieved a grasp of the essential in his ideas, we should like to predict a future of no small importance for him . For the essential is undoubtedly there; and if the composer does not scorn them, one feels that some of the traditional forms of music will give him a chance to develop what he has to say, to the refutation of those who deny the inborn music of the English race. One expects a composer to play his own works, but G. D. Cluer proved an able substitute. In this item, as well as throughout the concert, he showed feeling and experience in his playing, and indeed the evening's success was in no small measure clue to the fact that he was at the piano so often. After an interval C. W. Boothroycl's flute and Handel's music soothed us to an uncritical frame of mind. Few people can tire of Handel, and flute a nd pian:st combined sweetly to give us of his best. \Ve were disappointed not to hear another item by Boothroyd, and he turned a deaf ear to our attempts to make him give an encore. One is used to hearing good part~so ngs in the Hall, but here we had a strange mixture. For the singer achieved unity , strength and ton e in 'Where'er you walk,' and were thoroughly at home ,vith Seton's '0 sing unto my roundelay '-another example of the President's merit, since originality and the traditional English glee feeling both made themselves . felt. But Elgar's distinctly poor effort left them all at sixes and sevens, and the tenors signally failed to reach their top notes. It was a regrettable choice, and the singers are not to be blamed for failing to achieve unity where there practically is none. Let us hope, too, that ' John ' will now rest content with his Spanish captain's daughter and not trouble the Hall again. G. D. Cluer again pleased us with his playing of two early eighteenth century French pieces. Rameau we know; but Loeilly is more rarely heard, and he is certainly worth hearing. An encore would not have come amiss, as both these charming pieces were well executed. The programme suitably ended with songs by Seton. He certainly seems to have mastered accompaniment; and the drinkingsong received the ovation it deserved-we should like to hear it sung by a Stentor. M. W. ScoTT.

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THE MAKERS. 1932. Secretary-M. W. ScoTT.

HILARY TERM,

PÂˇr esident-G. S.

\VAMSLEY.

The Makers' Society claims that privilege which belongs to all societies which cultivate the higher arts, the privilege of being irregular and odd when it so pleases. This term no less than four visitors, all connected with the subtle art of journalism, were entertained; and the Magazine Meeting, which is strictly the only excuse for the existence of the Society, was abandoned. Mr. C . B. Purdon talked to us about the theatre-world to-day, and gave the Society the benefit of his wide experience of the London stage. Drama, it was understood, did not flourish; moreover, there were no great tragic actors or actresses. Could we hope for the future? \!Veil, Noel Coward might do something. But the greater probability was that he would not. \ Ve all fell victims to the charm of the' Naughty Nineties,' when Mr. Sidney Dark painted them for us in warm and attractive colours. Perhaps some of his listeners felt that he had given them new insp!ration in their struggle to set the new Antianti-Victorian Movement on its feet. Somewhat dramatic was the arrival of Mr. James Agate, in Oxford's last hackney cab. We expected a great deal after that, and were not, indeed, disappointed. His mordant humour bit delicately on many topics, from the Higher Criticism of Shakespeare to the Undergraduate Problem. Particularly delightful was his skilful diagnosis of the reasons which take the Plain Woman to the theatre. What we learned from Mr. Agate .about human nature was supplemented by Mr. Graham Sutton's talk on the art of writing serial stories for the Daily Press. It was perhaps a little humiliating to have our motives for reading serials so mercilessly revealed; but our devotees of Form in Art must have been overjoyed to find that the modern writer of serials is the greatest Formalist of them all. G.S. V/. MICHAELMAS TERM.

P.resident-M. W.

SCOTT.

SecÂˇr etary-J.

BRADLEY.

The healthy condition in which this Society finds itself was shown by the Magazine Meeting held on Tuesday, 29th November. The contributions to this were many and varied in style and outlook, and they provided an amusing evening. It is open to Presidents to interpret the purpose in the Hall of their respective Societies, and there must always be a temptation to regard the Makers as a society for the capture of literary lions ; but it would be a great pity to forget the other and more consti:uctive side. If,

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however, members show themselves as willing in the future to answer the summons to create as they were this term, there heed be no fear of such a lapse. Certainly there would have been no excuse for any but a good Magazine meeting, for the names R. H. Mottram, Walter de la Mare and Humbert Wolfe formed an imposing array on the fixturecard. The first-named spoke in an amusing manner of the change of English society since l8go, emphasising particularly the growth of mechanisation, which affects opinion and literature no less than it does industry. Walter de la Mare read a paper on 'The Prose of Fact and of the Imagination,' which besides being itself a gem of English prose, overwhelmed the Society by the surprising variety of source from which it drew its examples and illustrations. Humbert Wolfe took us completely by storm, and after he had spoken with wit and sincerity about contemporary verse, there ensued a lively discussion which ended in the bursting of the poet's waistcoat buckle and in his promise to write the minutes in verse - a promise d~ly executed. The officers of the Society do not deny that at times they were a little alarmed at the prospect of entertaining these 'tremendously great men' ; and they take this opportunity of thanking theÂˇ Principal most heartily for his continued hospitality to the visitors, hospitality by means of which the shock of conflict was very largely broken, and which ensured the success of every meeting. M.W.S.

Minutes written foÂˇr the Makers' Society by Mr. Hu.m.bert Wolfe after his visit to the Society on November 5th, 1932. The minutes read : the Secretary (exhilarated by the sherry) called on the Chairman to permit the speaker to get on with it. He did; but which ' it' was is what was not revealed to Mr. Scott. The visitor arose-and first the buckle of his waistcoat burst. Wholly unmoved by this the fellow began to mumble, then to bellow yard upon yard of prose and verse (and all that wasn't had was worse). The total want of sense and thought (kindly attributed to port, but really due, it seems, to some

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disturbance of the cranium) was only equalled by complete and quite unjustifkd conceit. After some hours (or was it years?) he stopped-amid resounding cheers, a dreadful warning of the danger of picking up a doubtful stranger who stuns his hearers' broken ranks by moving his own vote of thanks, and gets away so hellish quick no one has time to heave a brick. P.S.

His works are offered to The Makers at one-and-six the lot. No takers! The Mitre.

Nov. 6,

1932.

HUMBERT WOLFE.

LIDDON SOCIETY. HILARY TERM, 1932.

Chairman-]. G. WEATHERSTON. S ec retary-G. B. TIMMS. The Society held three meetings during the term. At the first meeting D. J. A. Lobb read a paper on 'Christianity and the Colour Problem.' He pointed out the dangers for Western civilisation of inequality between the white and coloured races, and was of the opinion that the only safeguard against such a possibility was to foster a specifically Christian attitude towards the colour problem, such as that e , uraged by the Church of the Province of Smith Africa. At the second meeting the Chaplain gave a paper on 'The Church of England and the Free Churches.' He pointed out the difficulty of finding a scheme of reunion among those who differed as to what constituted a Church and what was the seat of authority in Church government. Furthermore, the majority of lay folk were oblivious to the necessity of healing the wounds in the Body of Christ. At the third meeting the Vice-Principal gave a talk on 'The Sacrament of Penance.' He emphasised the teaching of the Prayer Book on the point, where provision was made for those who wished ' to open their grief ' to an accredited priest. He was of the opinion that it was wise to use the same confessor in order to foster as perfect an understanding as possible between priest and penitent. Two meditations and two corporate Communions were held during the term.

. ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE TRINITY TERM.

Chafrman - G. B. TIMMS. Secretary- C. R. OLLIER. Only one meeting was held this term, when Mr. John Newson, an official of the L. C. C., gave a talk on the work of slum clearance in London. He dealt with the problem of 1Jrivacy in connection with flats and detached houses, and fully recognised the danger of taking men a long way from their work, especially where this was of a casual nature. He had great faith in the power of the- Church to knit together the new societies growing up on the housing estates, but he saw a need of ministers in these areas. Meditations and corporate Communions have been held. MICHAELMAS TERM.

Chairman - G. B. TIMMS . Secreta-ry - C. R. 0LLIER. At the first meeting of the term P. N. Longridge gave a paper on 'Betting and Gambling.' The Christian, he said, should examine his motives for investing his money, and if they were seen to be merely acquisitive, and not the desire to make fit provision for dep endents, then they were by Christian standards condemned. At the second meeting the Rev. H. R. Wilson of St. Barnabas gave a talk on the problem of presenting Infant Baptism in parishes as a Âˇsacramental act, full of meaning for those who believed themselves to be members of a Divine family. He lamented the fact that this high conception of the Church had been lost, and saw a need for careful choosing of god-parents on the part of the clergy. At the third meeting the Chaplain of St. Peter's Hall read an interesting paper on Canon Liddon. The customary meditations and corporate Communions were arranged. C.R.O. DIOGENES CLUB. HILARY TERM, 1932.

President-]. R. HAYSTON. Secretary-H. MOYSE-BARTLETT. Treasurer-R. A. SANDISOK. We recall that the retiring President of the Diogenes Club appealed in these notes for harder thinking or a more cantankerous disposition; and at least the latter of these attributes of the successful wrangler was more in evidence in the selection of motions. Previous discussion had been largely confined to ethical questions ; they are indeed excellent, and natural, subjects for disputation. But it was found that such questions always tended to resolve themselves to the same fundamentals, and a further difficulty was experienced in the inability, or the unwillingness, of gentlemen to

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define the terms of the motion. Consequently the subjects arranged for discussion were of a more concrete, if more stereotyped, nature. The subject ' That the Disarmament Problem has no Solution ' was interesting in view of the recent publication of the Tardieu plan, and provoked several novel points of view in addition to an ample reproduction of the more well-worn lines of argument. ' That Great Britain is automatically destined to become a Minor Nation,' discussed on February 13, proved a topic allowing for an alarmingly wide range of radical views; while the motion for February 27, 'That Nations are justified in preserving the homogeneity of their population,' gave scope for the expression of interesting commentaries from the Colonial members of the Society. In many ways, the final discussion, on the subject ' That a return to tradition is desirable in Modern Literature,' was the most interesting of the term. The introduction of a literary topic provided a welcome and pleasing change from the long continuation of more purely philosophical and political subjects that had so long occupied the Society's attention. J.R.H. TRINITY TERM.

President-H. MOYSE-BARTLETT. Secretary-R. A. SANDISON. Treasurer-F. T. 0KELY. Meetings of the Diogenes Club were continued in accordance with the usual practice during the Trinity Term, three only being held in view of the proximity of Schools. At the first meeting, on May 7, F. M. A. Farrer and W. J. Meredith spoke on ' Civilisation based on Science must fail.' In the main the speakers were agreed, ·and the subsequent discussion accordingly proved disappointing. On May 14, J. Bradley and G. D. Gosling discussed •Sanity epitomises Mediocrity,' the meeting afterwards coming to the conclusion that, quite apart from the question of genius, ' s·anity ' is impossible to define. The last meeting of the term was held on May 28, when A. P. Rose and S. F. Parsons spoke on 'Intellectual Progress means Moral Progress.' During this meeting there was a marked aversion from defining anything, the discussion turning somewhat vaguely on the extent to which mental development can be considered partial. Before the meeting, fo public business, R. A: Sandison was elected President, F. T. Okely Secretary, and T. J. Childs Treasurer for the Michaelmas Term, 1932. The meetings were on the whole well attended, and justified their continuance during the Trinity Term. H.M-B.

•

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE MICHAELMAS TERM.

President-R. A.

•

Secretary-E.

T. 0KELY •

SANDISON.

Treasurer-T.

CHILDS.

The chief preoccupation of the Club this term appears to have been the investigation of the interaction of mind and body, as no less than three of the four subjects discussed have had some bearing· on the matter. The relation seems to have stimulated members and a considerable area of fresh ground has been covered, and the discussions have, on the whole, resisted the temptation to work round to one of the Club's ancient battle-grounds. Much amusement has been derived from attempts tp arrive at some decision as to the actual meaning of the subjects themselves ; they were apparently chosen more for their euphony than their clarity. At the final meeting F. T. Okely was elected President, T. J. Childs Secretary, and E. E. Lowe Treasurer for the ensuing term. R.A.S.

CLUBS, 1932 THE BOAT CLUB. HILARY TERM, 1932.

Captain-].

C. YATES.

Secretary-] .

H . Tvz ACK.

With five old members of last year's very successful Torpid still in residence, prospects should have been fairly good for the races. Those who were no longer eligible or who had gone down, hO\Yever, seemed apparently to have been those upon whom the weight of the boat had been largely carried, for with one exception all the stern oars had to be replaced. As usual, we had difficulty in finding a stroke and had to make one out of the freshmen, of whom G. T. Brett, I. L. Serraillier and P. N. Longridge were by far the most promising. At the end of the Michaelmas Term we had had a prospective Torpid out, and the first few weeks of the Hilary Term saw the final order fixed upon, with the inclusion of P. N. Long. ridge, who had just come up as a freshman. Following up the tradition of last year's training initiated by M. V. J. Print, the Torpid concentrated on long paddles chiefly - below and above locks. The boat, however, improved only slowly. This was probably due in part to the inexperience of stroke, G. T. Brett, who had had to change his side and his style and row in a

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place he had never rowed in before. As he began to feel more at home, however, the boat began to acquire more rhythm and poise. lVlore than this, the crew lacked to a large extent that enormous 'drive' which last year had brought them six bumps. It was also handicapped considerably by illness, which kept breaking out here and there in the crew, five members being away at different times, and ' 6 ' only coming back into the boat on the Saturday before the races, after nine days' absence. In view of these facts, I think the Torpid is to be congratulated. The first four days were unexciting, because we were unlucky enough to be behind three boats aU about as fast as we were. As a result, though the crew made some very creditable attempts, we did not begin to advance until the poorer boats had come down to us. The last two days the crew were given their chance and made two bumps-Exeter and Brasenose. Considering that last year's Torpid had gone up six places, it would have been not unsatisfactory to have consolidated our position. We did, however, manage to improve upon it, part of the improvement being at the expense of Brasenose. CHARACTERS

THE TORPID.

Bow - D. J. A. LOBB. Rather shaky as to ' time,' which is so essential for a bow, he was far too frequently late. This was partly due to a marked check between the recovery and the swing forward, which caused him to rush his slide-work, with resulting lack of poise over the stretcher. Undoubtedly he worked hard. No. 2. - P. N . LoNGRIDGE. A very hard worker indeed, but apt to be ponderoi:s. He should prove a great asset to the Club with more experience. No. 3-A. D. BAILEY. His third appearance in Torpids. H e worked hard, more especially during races, but much of his strength was wasted because his blade was in the water for such a short time. No. 4 - J. F. TAIT. Undoubtedly one of the steadiest men in the boat, he did much to hold the bow oars together, although he tended to lose his beginning by skying his blade. No. 5 - G. S. CAN'SDALE. A mainstay of this year's Torpid, as of last. A heavy man who pulled all his weight. His finish, however, was weak, while his habit of rowing with a bent insidearm caused him to swing very crookedly. No. 6. -G. S. 'ÂĽAMSLEY. The work he did was a stoni shing for one so light, and the boat owes him a great deal. No. 7-G. S. KEEN. Undoubtedly the best-looking oar in the whole boat, he had one bad failing-a tendency to ride up his slide.

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StÂˇr oke - G. T. BRETT. He was not happy at stroke, at any rate at first, as he had had no experience in that position. He did , however, become much more at home, and produced during the races some very commendable qualities in ability to drive the crew behind him. His chief faults were a difficulty in holding up his slide at the beginning of the stroke, and a slow recovery . He will be most useful to the Club with more experience. Cox. -W. WALLACE. Heavy for a cox. He proved very keen, and picked up the rudiments of coxing in a very short time . Except for a misunderstanding one day during races, he did well. J.C.Y.

TRINITY TERM.

Captain- J. C. YATES.

S ec retary -

H. TYZACK.

Again we were fortunate m obtaining .the services of Canon Mowll of St. Aldate's as coach for the Eight. Beginning from the first day of the term, he coached us regularly throughout to the end of the races. For the last ten days of the Hilary term a prospective Eight had been going out under the direction of Mr. D. S . Colman, Fellow of Queen 's. The experience proved very valuable, and the order of the crew as it was at the end of that term was retained. With four old members of last year's successful crew still in residence, we ought perhaps to have combined together fairly easily. Our experiences, however, with the Torpid were repeated with the Eight. We had lost our stroke and '7' of last year, and rhythm was a long time in coming to us, and it was hot, in fact, till the week before the races that we began to acquire that poise forward over the stretcher essential to a good beginning. Canon Mowll did his best to give us that long stride on the boat, powerful beginning and finish held out right up to the chest, which had proved so successful in previous years, but we were very rough. However, by the races we did begin to feel a little more comfort in the boat, largely due to coach's strenuous efforts, and before the races we had become a crew very similar to last year's Eight-very ugly, with rigid body movements, relying on a slow stroke fairly well held out. As we were unable to acquire a high rate of striking, it was essential that we should have plenty of time in which to row boats down. So long as we were given that time, we were successful ; but if it was necessary to bump within two minutes, we should, and did, fail. As the races were rowed when the river was in flood, the strong current" was probably to our advantage. A new feature this y~ar were the long journeys with Canon l\fowll in Salter's launch, the 'Coquette,' a position of much ad-

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vantage from the coaching point of view. Members of the Senior Common Room, including the Principal and Vice~Princ ipal, were also kind enoug h to accompany the crew by launch . Starting seventh in the Second Division, we fini shed third in that Division by making four buinps. On the whole the week w as fairly satisfactory. Starting behind J esus on the first day, in our eagerness to make a bump, the row developed into a ' bucket forward,' a nd J esus caught Merton. However, an accident higher up the Divisio n led to a re-row on the morning of the second day. \ i\Te rowed considerably more steadily and as a result got within six feet of J esus , but were unab~ e to make our bump before Merton fell to them. In the afternoon we bumped Merton quite easily. The following day we were again behind Jesus, who, however, m ade their bump before we could make much impression upon them. F o r the next two days we ascended behind them at the expense of Lincoln and \ i\Tadham, but on the last day of the races were again behind J esus, who had failed to bump the previous day. Throughout the week we had been steadily improving. Now, on the last day, we reached the top of our form in an effort to catch the boat we had failed to catch three times before. The race was a r eally excellent piece of work, for we caught Jesus, after a long struggle, opposite the K eble barge. It was a most pleasing end to a week of moderate success. Our thanks and congratulations are especia lly due to Canon lVlowll, who has in his three years as coach to the Hall Eight seen the boat go up fifteen places . vVe are ind ebted to him for the following report : CHARACTERS OF THE EIGHT. The crew, as in the two previous years, were always enthusiastic and never shirked work. Their best friends would not have called them stylish, but they drove their boat along. The long stroke a nd the hard finish proved successful. Bow - J. H. TvzACK. K een and kept a good length. Found it difficult to finish on the chest and drop the hands . No. ,2-G. S. vVAMSLEY. A verywilling worker and rowedagood blade. No. 3-G. S. CANSDALE. Possessed a good reach, and keen. Happily his shoulder did not cause trouble. No. 4-J. C. YATES. Very zealous. Rather short in the water through rowing the blade out. No . 5-M. W. ScoT1Âˇ. Steadily improved. A worthy successor to M. J. V. Print. No. 6 -A. F . COLBORN. The real found a tion of the crew. A powerful oar with a splendid l.eg-drive. A glutton for work. No. 7 -G. S. KEEN. The neatest oar. Improved steadily. Rowed a good blade and applied his work scientifically.

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Stroke-G. T. BRETT. Full of enthusiasm. Always kept a good length. Found his different style of rowing difficult to fit in with the others. Cox . - S. A. R. GUEST. Very efficient and always helpful. E.W. MowLL. After Eights Week, the Challenge Pairs were rowed, G. S. Keen and A. F. Colborn being successful. Last year we had decided to give up the Plumptre Fours and give two sculling trophies in their place, one to be rowed in clinker-built boats open to all except Eights-men, and the other in light ' canvas sculls ' open to all. G. T. Brett was successful in the Junior, and M. \i\T. Scott the winner in the Senior Plumptre Sculls. After the races, a movement was set on foot by the Secretary to take an Eight to Marlow Regatta. At a Colours' meeting the Captain resigned, and J. H. Tyzack and G. T. Brett were elected respectively Captain and Secretary of the Boat Club. In the Tazolt Challenge Cup, offered to the College with the best all-round record on the Isis, the Hall was this year placed third, equal with Worcester. J.C.Y. TRINITY TERM (continued). Unfortunately Ca non Mowll was un able to coach the crew for Marlow. \i\Te were very lucky, however, in being able to secure th ~ services of Mr. D. S. Colman, Fellow of the Queen's College, as coach, and to him our very best thanks are due. Owing to Schools, Nos. '2' and '3' of the Eight could not row, so P. N. Longridge and J. F. Tait took their places. As there was Âˇ little more than a fortnight available for practice, the crew, helped by very good conditions, plit in much strenuous work, including a row against the St. Edward's School Eight up at Godstow. By the time of the Regatta, the newcomers in the crew had settled down, and the coach had been very successful in his efforts to give us more boat control and to make us row at a faster rate of striking than we had been accustomed to (this was essential owing to the shortness of the Marlow course). On the day before the Regatta the crew went over to Marlow for a practice outing, in order to get used to the different conditions. Owing to one of the cars breaking down completely, it was at one time very uncertain whether the Hall would be represented at Marlow, but we were able to charter another vehicle and arriYed in time for the race. In the First Round of the Junior Eights Challenge Cup, we were drawn against the Queen's College (also coached by Mr. Colman) and Exeter College. The latter were soon

THE E!GHT .'\T MARLOW RE GATT A , 1932.

THE R EV. C.-\ NON E . \1\1. MOWLL, Provost-d es ign a te of Bradford . Coach 1930, 1931, 193 2.

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left behind, and we gradually drew away from Queen's to win by 1i lengths in the time of 4 min. 30 sees. In the Semi-Final we were opposed to Wadham and Selwyn College, Cambridge. Selwyn offered no serious challenge, but Wadham gave us a very hard race. They were a length ahead at the half-way mark, but we spurted, drew level, and passed the winning-post three-quarters of a length ahead; time, 4 min. 22 sees. In the Final we had no difficulty in beating Thames by three lengths in 4 min. 25 sees. After this race Eights Colours were awarded to P. N . Longridge and J. F. Tait. Glorious weather and splendid organization contributed towards a very enjoyable day's racing. This was the first time that the Hall had been represented at a regatta. J. H. T. MICHAELMAS TERM.

Captain-]. H.

TvzACK.

Secretary-G.

BRETT.

It was decided that this term it would be more advantageous in the long run if the Hall, for the first time, entered a crew for the University Coxswainless Four Races. Accordingly a Four started practice a fortnight before term, Canon Mowll very kindly undert a king the coaching. The order remained throughout as follows : Bow (and steeÂˇrs) J. H. TvzACK. No. 2 G. S. KEEN. No. 3 M. W. Scorr. Stroke (on bow side) G. T. BRETT. Gradual improvement was shown right up to the race, by \Yhich time the boat was fairly steady and comfortable, though it was continually down on stroke side. The chief weakness lay in the finish, which often tended to be weak and dirty. The times done in practice were, however, quite satisfactory. We were unfortunate in drawing the favourites, Oriel I, in the first round. In the race the start was not good, but we were only 3 seconds down at vVeirs Bridge. This was reduced to 2 sees. by the Freewater Stone, and the position was just about the same at the O.U. B.C. After that, however, we w ere unable to hold them , and, with the advantage of the front station, they won a good race by 8l seconds in 8 min . 32 sees. Oriel went on to the Final, in which, steering a bad course, they lost to B.N.C. by 5 seconds. It was with great regret that we heard of the impending departure of Canon Mowll on his appointment as Provost of Bradford. During the last three years the Eight, under his skilful and enthusiastic coaching, has made fifteen bumps. He has our sincere thanks for the past and our very best wishes for the future.

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At the beginning of term ten FÂˇr eshmen, two of whom had rowed before, and five second-year men came down to the barge for tubbing. These were eventually reduced to eight, it being thought better to concentrate on two Mawdesley Fours, which were coached by the Captain and Secretary. The crews had a fortnight's practice together and raced on November 12th. As last year, it was a time race from Long Bridges. 'A' crew had a lead of nearly two seconds just past the 0. U.B.C.; they then faltered, but, finishing strongly, lost a thrilling race by four-fifths of a second. The winning crew consisted of : Bow T. M. F. ROGERS. No. 2 S. H. RUMSEY. No. 3 L. W. KENNAN. Stroke P. H. ROGERS. Cox . I. E. N. BESLEY. Both crews were distinctly above the average and are to be congratulated on rowing such a splendid race. That, to the delight of all concerned, was the end of fixed- seat rowing, and the last three weeks of term were taken up with preparation for the Torpids. After some days in a tub eight, the crew went into the lighter boat for the last ten days of term. It was subjected to continual changes and experiments and never allowed to settle down, but much very useful work was done. It finished the term well with a paddle up to Godstow and a row over the course. I should like to thank those who have helped with the coaching this term, in particular the Secretary, whose help has been invaluable. The Club is indebted to Mr. W. R. Warner, an 0.ld Aularian, Secretary of the Kingston R. C. , for a most interesting talk on down-river rowing. This was followed by a lively discussion on the merits and demerits of various styles of rowing. Though we did not quite agree with Mr. Warner on some points, he gave us something to think about, and that is all to the good, for the more a person thinks about his rowing, out of the boat as well as in it, the better he will row. J.H.T. THE CRICKET CLUB. TRINITY TERM, 1932. Captain-A . vV. u. ROBERTS. Secretary--C. c. H. vVORR/\ l.L. The XI won four matches, lost three and drew six, three of which were in our favour, so it mÂˇa y be said with some justification that the Club had a successful season. W e were fortuna te in

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having such excellent cricketers as J. G. Richards and H. E. Packer among first- year men. The former with his sound and attractive batting and the latter with his quiet and polished style of wicketkeeping formed the backqone of the side. We had, however, a number of last year's side still in residence, who fulfilled their promise of the previous year. C. C. H. Worrall bowled with unfailing energy and success ; his batting was spoilt by his impetuosity, which: caused him to throw away his wicket when well set. He proved an efficient and enthusiastic Secretary. E. L. Phillips played many valuable innings and bats with a nice free style. T. G. C. Woodford seemed unable to find his true form as a batsman, but again fielded excellently. R. B. I. P a tes did not play on many occasions, but against Abingdon School he played a sound innings, though he is still too unorthodox in the execution of his strokes. E. J. R. Burroug h did not do himself justice, as he had not completely recovered from his serious illness. L. P. Mosdell was a valuable addition to the side, and should develop into an excellent defensive batsman. He is at the moment apt to stun the ball when playing forward, and in consequence his strokes lack power. A. G. Hopewell improved his batting greatly and developed into a very useful opening batsman. E. E. Hug hes with his fast medium bowling bowled well and consistently and was capable of making runs when the occasion demanded. The XI was not a brilliant one, but was capable of making any number of runs, and with a little more variety in the bowling would have proved an extremely difficult side to beat. The support given to the Second XI was somewhat disappointing, but on the few occasions on which they were able to play they performed moderately well. . Colours were awarded to H. E. Packer, J. G. Richards, A. G. Hopewell, L. P . Mosdell and E. E. Hughes. At the end of term C. C. H. Worrall was elected Captain and H. E. Packer Secretary for the following year. A.W.U.R. THE RUGBY FOOTBALL CLUB. HILARY TERM, 1932 â&#x20AC;˘

.captain-]. C.

NIELD.

Secretary-ÂŁ. L.

PHILLIPS.

Hilary Term, 1932, was, one supposes, an historic one for the Hall Rugby Club. The XV won its way to the final of the InterCollege Cup-ties and - which does not necessarily follow from the previous achievement - definitely showed itself to be second only to Brasenose amongst the College sides.

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It was an anxious time for all members of the team, since, in a small society, it is very difficult to keep the XV up to first-grade strength under the onslaught of the various ailments that assail Rugby players-torn muscles, twisted ankles, bruised bones, and the like. As instances of our afflictions, it might be recorded that in the fiercely contested game against New Colkge we went on the field with only one thoroughly sound back, and that in the final against Brasenose E. L. Phillips was the only fit member of our original three-quarter line playing. Such worries make one long at times for the quieter, more carefree joys of the Michaelmas Term games, when the !;ide is not attempting to beat other sides, but merely to enjoy itself. There will be recorded here only the major incidents of the term's football, since these were so many. The side came into residence several days before the beginning of full term, and during this time had the valued services of Mr. D. F. Bickmore, of Durham School, and Mr. C. F. Cardale, as coaches. The early non-competitive games were considerably interfered with by the exigencies of team-building. During this period of training, Magdalen and Keble co-operated with us in a very friendly and mutually helpful manner. The first Cup game was against St. John's College, and proved an easy hurdle to clear (it was won 35-3). The backs handled well in an icy wind ; the pack was on the whole lethargic, though some of its new members played vigorously. The end of the game was marred by H. E. Packer sustaining severe concussion, an injury which was to be a considerable handicap to himself, and hence to the side, in the game against New College. This next game was perhaps the best of the series. We won by the narrow margin of six points to three ; during the second half we had to hang on to our distressingly slight lead with only fourteen men, and almost all our hacks disabled- a nerve-racking experience, the memory of which is still painfully exhilarating. That we won was largely due to the superlative play of the forwards against a heavy pack which contained two Blues, and in particular to the brilliantly successful hooking of A. J. Young, a substitute in that position. With the feast of the ball, which was given our backs, they would, if they had been even moderately fit, have scored very freely. As it was, we were at least very successful in keeping the hall away from New College, even with the de:.. pleted pack of the second half. After a long period of grim defence, it was pleasing to see the Hall rally just on full time with an attack which nearly resulted in another try. A particularly enjoyable

THE RUGBY FOOTB.-\LL XV, 1932 . Back Uow.-C . C. H. vVurrall, .-\. G. Hope well, J. N. Appe lb e, F. M. A. Faner, L. P. Moscl ell, R. j. Vaughan, A. J. Young, E. J. R. Burrough. Middle Uo:v.-J. M. Edmonds, E. Mel. Thwaites , E. L. Phillip s , ]. C. '<i elcl (captain), A. W. U. Robert s, N. G. Fisher, L . Thorpe. Front Row.-.'\ . Monkman, H. E. P ack er, C. C. Reid.

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feature of the game was the extremely successful marking of Henley by R. J. Vaughan in the line-outs. The semi-final round against Oriel was an easier task. A. Monkman scored two characteristic tries in the first half. The Hall took the game a little too easily in the second half, with the result that Oriel scored. A try by Packer making the scores 9-5 put the result beyond doubt. The backs' defence in this game was splendid. The final against Brasenose went the way so many of us - too many of us - had feared, perhaps because we had so feared. Our three-quarter line had been further depleted by the enforced absence of C. C. Reid in the Examination Schools. In the first half of the game, the Hall's defence was so successful that had it not been for three occasions on which unaccountable accidents let Brasenose through, we should have changed ends with the scores nil all. In the second half we did not play so well, and J. M. Edmonds at fullback suffered concussion, so that despite the fact that an opposition three-quarter had to leave the field, their score mounted steadily. Monkman's try-scored as only he can score tries-and Packer's brilliant kick marked a slight rally. The game finished with the score standing at 30 points against 5, and we had the somewhat dismal satisfaction of being beaten by Brasenose by a smaller margin than had any other College. Brasenose played at both forward and back like the first-class side they were ; we hardly displayed our best form, even allowing for our losses and injuries. The interest of all members of the Hall- the Principal, members of the Senior and Junior Common Rooms, the Manciple and the servants - as usual, actively displayed, was much appreciatect by the side. Colours were awarded to R. J. Vaughan, J. N. Appelbe, A. J . Young, F. M.A. Farrer and L. P. Mosdell. For the ensuing season E. L. Phillips was elected Captain and R. J. Vaughan Secretary. J.C.N. MICHAELMAS TERM.

Captain-ÂŁ. L. PHILLIPS. Secretary-R. J. VAUGHAN. The season began well in that we had two representatives in the Freshmen's Trials, five in the Seniors' Trial and three in the Final Trial- probably an unprecedented number altogether. In actual results the card does not sho~"' up quite as favourably, perhaps, as last year's, but it should be remembered that calls from the Greyhounds and other clubs on members of the Hall team have been mare frequent this term than hitherto, and that on none of the four times when we were beaten has anything like a representative side

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been fielded. Further, none of the four defeats was by a big margin. So from the point of view of results alone we have every cause for satisfaction. Any doubts that may have been entertained as to the capabilities of the pack must have been dispelled by their excellent performance against the Greyhounds. It was certainly not the fault of the forwards that we did not win that game. There has been some admirable keenness displayed by members of the Second XV. Nevertheless, it should be added that there is room for improvement. It would be invidious now to begin choosing out the members of the team worthy of praise, but it is pleasant to record that three years' absence from the Hall pack has not altered G. W. Thornhill' s fine form, even though it may have filled out his figure. Further congratulations are due to C. C. H. Worrall and A. G. Hopewell on being elected to the Greyhounds. Results: -v. Queen's, lost, 0--10; v. Oriel, won, 8-o; . _,, Magdalen, 'Won, 13-5; v. St. John's, won, 18-g; Âˇ11. Bromsgrove, won, 13-1 l; v. Worcester, won, 19--5; v. Exeter, won, 28----8; v . Brasenose, won, 31-3; v. Oriel, won, 22--0; v. Merton, won, 17-15; v. 0. U. Greyhounds, lost, 3-10; v. Jesus, lost, 3-8; v. Wolverhampton, lost, o--5; v. Trinity, won, 18----3. E.L.P. THE ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL 'CLUB. HILARY TERM, 1932. Captain-G. S. BESSEY. Secretary-R. B. I. PATES. The League Matches outstanding from the Michaelmas Term were played off before Cup-ties began, and as a result the Hall were runners-up to B.N.C. in the First Division. Our defeat by B.N .C. by 0--1 during the Michaelmas Term suggests that the large margin by which they, the Cup winners, knocked us out in the semi-final round was due to the complete staleness of the team resulting from an unfortunate congestion of Cup matches. In the first round we had been drawn against Corpus, who had accompanied us into the First Division of the League at the beginning of the season, and both in League and Cup-tie we managed to win by l-O. Keble were beaten in the next round, played on a frozen and snowbound pitch on the coldest of winter days. Only during the second half and mainly as the result of the brilliant play of W. Charlton did the Hall show superiority. Our opponents in the next round, Balliol, had knocked us out of the Cup in the previous year after a very close game, and then had won the Cup. Before the end of the match it seemed that the Hall

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was sure to win, but then an unfortunate goal and a series of iqj uries resulted in. a draw. After extra time had been played there was no further score. The replay led to the best display made by the XI during the season. The forwards played brilliantly, and the recovery of E. E. Hughes enabled M. Healey, who had shown his versatility at full-back during the previous matches, to return to the inside position. C. J. Hayes on the left wing played his best game of the season, and it was from his perfectly placed centre that Charlton scored the first goal. Balliol were beaten quite convincingly, 4-2. Then, owing to some unfortunate prearrangements, the Hall had to meet B.N.C. within two days. It was apparent from the beginning that the whole side was tired and stale, and a couple of unfortunate goals prevented their extending B.N.C. After such a successful season the mention of particular names seems a little invidious. W. Charlton, in receiving his Blue, R. B. I. Pates and G. C. R. Barker in obtaining their Centaurs, received recognition of that ability \vhich characterized their games for the Hall. The whole team played hard and enthusiastically .. C. J. Mabey, G. C.R. Barker, P. J. Britton, C. J. Haye!>, W. J. Meredith and E. E. Lowe were awarded their Colours. At a meeting of Colours, R. B. I. Pates was elected Captain and G. C. R. Barker Secretary for the following year. Âˇ G.S.B . MICHAELMAS TERM.

Captain-R. B. I.

PATES.

Secretary-G. C.R.

BARKER.

Despite the numerous changes in the XI this term, necessitated by the loss of seven players, the team has rapidly settled down and improved with every match played; the excellent manner in which memb~rs of the Club have turned out to squashes has had its reward, and with a League record of six points from eight matches played we should now be assured of retaining our position in the First Division. G. C. R. Barker has had sufficient to do in goal to prove his ability', and his displays, especially towards the end of the term, have done much to save us from relegation. E. E. Hughes has played well throughout the term, his clearances being both strong and resolute, and with improvement in his tackling and sense of position he should develop into a very sound back. E. E. Lowe, K. D. Luke and W. G. Fallows have all been consistently good at breaking up the attack of their opponents, but

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there is room for improvement in the feeding of their own forwards, and when they have once learnt the benefit derived by keeping the ball on the ground and passing it in front of their own forwards, goals should become plentiful. The forwards have unfortunately seldom played successive matches unchanged, and, as a result, have never become a real scoring force. W. J. Meredith has been the most consistent of the inside forwards, and although his play is still rather slow he Âˇ thoroughly deserves his award of a Centaur. C. R. Oilier, W. A. Nield and I. E. N. Besley have all filled the remaining inside positions ad eq uately but seem unable to obtain goals; with more experience of Inter-College Football this should be remedied. C. J. Hayes and M. G. Robinson have both played some very fine games at outside-left, but neither has obtained the goals which nowadays one expects from wingers. When C. J. Hayes has been required on the left, E.W. Slaughter has filled the outside-right position, and if he can improve his left foot he should be of great use to the Club in the future . The enthusiasm and skill of the Second XI, which has played six matches without defeat, has been very heartening, and if we can be assured of the same support next year it will enable us to run another successful side in the Inter-College League. E. E. Hughes was awarded his Colours during the term, and W. J. Meredith obtained a Centaur. Results: -7.â&#x20AC;˘. Wadham, 3-0; v . Trinity ,* 2 - 2 ; v. St. Catherine's,* o-r; v. Reading University , 3-5; v. Balliol, * 1-3; v. Hitchen G.S., 2 - 0 ; v. Oriel,* r-o; v. Jesus, r-o; v. Christ Church,* 0-5; v. New College,* r-2; v. Brasenose, o-o; v. Alleyn's School, 0-2; v . Keble,* 2-r; v. Corpus Christi,* 2-1. (*League matches.)

R.B.I.P. THE HOCKEY CLUB. HILARY TERM, 1932.

Captain-H. K.

PUSEY.

Secretary-A. D.

BROWNE.

We had arranged a fixture list of thirty-one First XI matches, but of these we played only thirteen, owing to bad weather and to preparations for Cup-ties. We won eleven and lost two. We succeeded in beating Dean Close School (3-0) for the second time since the fixture was arranged some years ago. We drew a bye in the preliminary round o.f Cup-ties. In the first round we played Pembroke and beat them by 6 g oals to 3, although at half-time the score was 3-1 against us. The play was

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wild in the first half, but we settled down to a more scientific game in the second half, when our better training allowed us to dra\v level and finally to win by a considerable margin. In the second round we beat Hertford 7-0 after a fairly easy game. Here again the team did not combine satisfactorily until the second half. In the semi-final we lost to Brasenose by 3 goals to nil after a strenuous and even game in which we found the speed and 'dash' of our opponents rather more than we could cope with. The team as a whole was slow in its stick-work, the backs and halves failing to pass the ball early enough or hard enough, while the forwards delayed too long in the wing. This slowness was especially noticeable in the semi-final against Brasenose. Owing to the difficulty in fielding a team, our Second XI played on very few occasions indeed. The first team consisted of A. W. Keith-Steele, T. G. C. Woodford, A. D. Browne, C. W. Boothroyd, C. G. Lawrence, J. F . Cooke, B. B. Ward, H. K. Pusey, G. A. D. Calderwood, M. P. Vidal-Hall, while H. S. 0. Wood and J. Bradley shared the position of outside-right. During the term D. A. H. Wright, P. C. Palmer and E. A. H. Heard also played fairly frequently. At a Colours' meeting T. G. C. Woodford was elected Captain and A. D. Browne very kindly agreed to resume the onerous post of Secretary for the following season. G. A. D. Calderwood played several times for the University, and he and H. K. Pusey also played on various occasions for the County. T. G. C. Woodford was elected to the Occasionals during the Summer Term. H.K .P. MICHAELMAS TERM.

Captain-T. G. C. WOODFORD. Secretary-A. D. BROWNE. With only one member of last year's successful XI gone down, it was confidently expected that this year's team would soon develop into a match-winning combination. But the loss of C. G. Lawrence has been very badly felt, and the team was at first wholly unable to settle down. Moreover, as a result of injuries and other reasons, it has been impossible to field a regular XI, an unfortunate though unavoidable circumstance, for the strength of the Hall team has always lain in its powerful team-work-the result of constantly playing together. The term's record accordingly does not rea:d well: of eighteen games played, only seven have been won, whilst four have been drawn.

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One of the great faults of the team as a whole has been the tendency to hold on to the ball far too long. Backs and halves alike have been inclined to take the ball too far up-field, with the result that the forwards have been forced either into off-iiide positions or into positions where freedom of movement- so essential to the forward - has been impossible. Though there has latdy been an improvement in this matter, there will need to be much more smartness in passing if the team is to progress far in next term's Cup-ties. Another fault has been the general inclination for close-play and a consequent concentration of play on the right wing. This is a fault which can and must be remedied : halves and forwards alike must learn to swing the ball about; nothing will upset an opposing defence more than long, swinging, and accurate passes. The forwards as a whole have not been quick enough on th e ball in the circle, with the result that the shooting has not been good. This is due in no small way to the fault of the halves in not getting rid of the ball quickly, and thus allowing the opposing defence time to recover and concentrate. The forwards, however, must not be allowed to think that this excuses their poor shooting, for undoubtedly it has been poor. We have had to submit to defeat at the hands of teams whom we have frankly outplayed, merel y through our inability to shoot. A. W . Keith-Steele has played consistently well in goal: he kicks well and cleanly, but could show better judgment in running out. A. D. Browne's defensive play is beyond reproach, but he must overcome his tendency to take the ball too far up-field. His partner, R. F. Burnett - the only Freshman in the team - has improved rapidly : he covers the centre-half effectively and clears the ball cleanly and carefully. The wing halves-]. Fletcher Cooke (right-half) and P. C. Palmer (left-half)-are very sound defensive players, but they both need to be more accurate with their passes. Palmer is undoubtedly the most improved player in the XI. H. K. Pusey has thoroughly enjoyed himself at outside-right. He uses his speed to good purpose and centres hard, though occasionally too far forward. G. A. D. Calderwood .has been-when able to play- a tremendous source of strength and inspiration both in the forward line and .in the team generally: he will be sadly missed next term. C. W. Boothroyd, Âˇnow playing in the centre, has shown improved stick-work and has been quite successful in hold ing the forward line together. He still needs, however, to be a little quicker on the ball in the circle. M. P. Vidal-Hall fully appre~

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ciates the fact that an inside-forward must tackle back, but he must be careful not to usurp the duties of a half and so leave a gap in the forward line. His shooting has improved, and he combines well with his wing. The outside-left, J. Bradley, is somewhat slow but shows distinct promise in a strange position: he has been rather neglected as a result of the general tendency to play to the right wing. B. B. Ward, J. H. Hodson and D. W. Bigley have also played on several occasions : Hodson, though slow and rather clumsy with his stick, should develop into a useful back. An extraordinary and gratifying outburst of keenness and entlmsiasm has enabled us to field a regular Second XI throughout the term. Their games -far too few, a harassed Secretary has often been informed - may not have illustrated the finer points of the game, but they have been thoroughly enjoyed by all concerned and were certainly amusing to those spectators happy enough to be present. A. D. Browne, G. A. D. Calderwood, H.K. Pusey and T. G. C. vVoodford played in the University Senior Trial at the beginning of the term. Calderwood also played in the Final Trial, and has further to be congratulated on playing for the University and for Oxfordshire. R esults: -v. vVycliffe Hall, lost, 3-4; v. Isis, lost, 0-3; v . Pembroke, lost, 1-4; v. Hertford, won, 1--0; v. Trinity, won, 5-1; v. Cheltenham H.C., won, 3-1; v. Wycliffe Hall, drawn, 1-1 ; v. St. Catherine's, drawn, 2-2; v. Balliol, lost, 2-4; v. 0. U. Occasionals, won, 3-2; v . Old Edwardians, Southampton, won, 4--0; v. St. John's, lost, 1-2; v. Christ Church, won, 7-1 ; v. 0.C.C. Staff, lost, 3-4; v . Oriel, drawn, 2-2; v. Cardiff University, drawn, 1-1; v . New College, lost, 0-1; v. , Keble, won, 3-1. T.G.C.W. THE ATHLETIC CLUB. HILARY TERM, 1932.

President-C.

MABEY.

Secretary-A. W. U.

ROBERTS.

The Athletic Club entered as usual for the Inter-College Sports, but owing to Cup-ties we were unable to make use of the athletic talent possessed by members of the other clubs, and consequently failed to produce representatives in some of the events. We were also handicapped by the inability of the President to run owing to injury. L. P. Mosdell, in the 100 Yards, secured our only success . . The present writer believes that there is no adequate reason why a member of the Hall, provided he is fit, should not run in these Sports if he is asked to, unless there is a Cup-tie or any other im-

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portant match on the day immediately after that on which he should perform. The only objection which is possible arises on the grounds that severe stiffness is likely to result from running hard on a cinder track ~ithout previous training. This colt.Id easily be avoided, however, if a few training runs on the track were arranged before the Sports and those likely to be wanted turned out. Colours were awarded to A. G. Hopewell. Congratulations are due to the President on his election as Captain of the 0. U. Hare and Hounds and as President of the 0. U . Centipedes Club. A.G. H. TRINITY TERM.

Secretary -A. W. U. ROBERT S. President- C. J. MABEY. This term it was decided to try the experiment of holding a Hall Sports Meeting. Thanks to the assistance afforded by members of the Senior Common Room and the enthusiasm of members of the ].C.R., the venture was highly successful, and it is to be hoped that it will lead to similar efforts in the future. The events were arranged on the handicap basis, some very close finishes resulting. The following were the events and winners:100 Y ards - L. P. Mosdell (scr.). 22 Yards- H. K. Pusey (2 yds.). 440 Yards - L. P. Mosdell (scr. ). llalf-Mile-G. C. R. Barker (3oyds.). One Mile-A. G. Hopewell (scr.). Long Jump-F. M.A. Farrer (3ft. 6in.). High Jump- H. K. Pusey (scr.). Putting the vVeight- H. G. Haynes (4ft.). At a meeting of Colours, A. G. Hopewell was elected President and L. P. Mosdell Secretary for the ensuing year. A.G.H. MICHAELMAS TERM.

President-A. G. HOPEWELL. Secretary-L. P. MosDELL. The chief activities of the Athletic Club this term were the InterCollege Cross-Country Race and the Inter-College Relays. In the former, the Cross-Country team ran extremely well, finishing second to Exeter .out of eighteen colleges. Our total was 45! points as against the winners' 43! , and the third college's 75. C. J. Mabey came in equal first, and our other placings were : H. G. Edwards, IIth; A. G. Hopewell 12th; T. A. Littleton, 22nd. In the Inter-College Relays the Club received encouraging support from the other clubs, but owing to the presence of some exceptionally good teams in the Hall's division, was unable to achieve the success which it otherwise would have done. Our one appear-

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ance in a final was in the Long Distance Medley, m which we finished third. Colours were awarded to H. G. Edwards. C. J. Mabey is to be heartily congratulated on being elected President of the 0. U .A.C. Congratulations are also due to L. P. Mosdell on being elected to the Centipedes Club and running in the 0. U.A.C. Relay Trials; to H. G. Edwards on running Cross-Country for the University; and to him and to T. A. Littleton on their excellent performances in the Freshmen's Cross-Country Trials and Sports. A.G.H. THE SWIMMING CLUB. Captain-E. M. THWAITES. For the second year in succession the Hall entered teams for the Inter-College Relays and Water Polo. There was more enthusiasm shown this year, partly because there. were some promising Freshmen in residence, the most outstanding being W. Wallace, G. K. B. Evens and F. M.A. Farrer. In the Relays we lost to Pembroke in the first round by a touch. \Ve drew St. John's in the Water Polo and lost 1-2 after a very close game, the winning goal being scored in extra time. Relay Team-L. Thorpe, G. K. B. Evens, W. \Vallace, M. P. Vidal-Hall. Water-Polo Team-A. D. Browne, R. B. I. Pates, L. Thorpe, R. J. Vaughan, M. P. Vidal-Hall. The Matthews Cup Race was swum on June 13. The course, as usual, was from the Gasworks to the Barge. There was a strong current running and the water was cold, but in spite of this there were five stalwart starters. A. D. Browne took the lead about half way and swam strongly to finish a comfortable first. M. P. Vidal-Hal.I was second a nd H. R. Orton third. Time, 10 min. 40 sees. W. Wallace was elected Captain for the coming year. M.P.V-H. THE LAWN TENNIS CLUB. TRINITY TERM, 1932.

Captain--C. W. BOOTHROYD. Secretary-W. A. HoLT. We started off the season with some confidence, feeling that the odds were at any rate in favour of better weather than the previous year. But it proved otherwise, and we finished the season firmly convinced that the Summer Term begins much too early for successful tennis on grass courts.

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The results of matches serve rather as an indication of this fact than as an indication of the standard of tennis at the Hall. Out of 28 fixtures, the First VI won 6, lost 5, while 17 were cance.lled. The Second VI suffered even worse in this respect, only three out of _ the 21 fixtures being played. In Cup-ties, the First VI lost to Pembroke in the first round. After being- 5-1 down in the singles - M. P. Vidal-Hall alone winning his match-we made a good recovery in the doubles, drawing up to 3-5, with one further match almost a certainty. Without wishing in any way to excuse our defeat, it must in fairness be said that our team had scarcely played together before, and were further handicapped by a strong wind blowing across the courts. The Hal.I Tournaments were more successful. A new precedent was set at the beginning of the term by the introduction of a Freshmen's Tournament, which was won by M. R. Brown. This proved of great value in discovering new talent at the outset, and we hope it will be continued permanently. The Open Singles Tournament was won by E. L. H. Kentfield. The term finished with a successful American Doubles Handicap, which was won by K. D. Belden and T. J. Childs, the runners-up being C. C. Reid and R. B. I. Pates. In conclusion, we would like to make an urgent appeal to all who are likely to play in either VI next summer to get as much practice in the Easter vacation as possible. The preliminary and first rounds of Cup-ties arc played off very early in the term, and in the last two years at any rate we have been defeated by teams which in individual talent 'were no better than the Hall team, and which later in the term we could have, and in some cases actually have, defeated. Next year, if the Hall team goes through a few rourids of Cup-ties, the Captain must have at his disposal players who have already got into their stride, and who need only to settl e down into doubles with their partners. At a Colours' meeting, W. A. Holt was elected Captain and M. R. B~own Secretary for the following year. C. W. B. THE CHESS CLUB. Secretary-W. L . HERBERT. The activities of the Chess Club have been somewhat restricted this year. A tournament arranged during the Hilary Term attracted a fair number of entries, although the standard of play was not high, but this temporary enthusiasm soon slackened. Attempts were made to enter the Inter-College Competition and also to

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arrange fixtures with other colleges, but the difficulties to be overcome were too great. It is hoped to arrange another tournament during the Hilary Term next year, and the support of all members of the Hall who play chess, especially of first-year men, will be welcomed. F. M. A. Farrer has been appointed Secretary for next year. W.L.H.

LETTERS OF ANDREW ALLAM TO ANTHONY WOOD I. H ERE arc preserved among Anthony Wood's papers in the Bodleian Library ("Wood MS . F. 39, ff. 24-43) eight letters that were addressed to \ iVood by Anclre\v Allam, who entered St. Edmund . Hall in 1671, became a Tutor of the Hall on graduation, and, in 1683, Vice-Principal. It is fitting that these letters, or at least a first instalment of them, should make their appearance in print in the yea r in which the tercentenary of the birth of Anthony \Vood is beingÂˇ observed. They may thus serve to commemorate the friendship of one of the most indefatigable students of Oxford history with a member of the Hall who, had he not died young, was likely to haYe made his mark in academical studies. \Vood has left an attractive portrait of his friend. 1 Born in 1655 at Garsington, 'the son of a sufficient plebeian,' Andrew Allam was educated in a private school at the neighbouring village of Denton, which was kept by 'a noted master named William vVildgoosc, M.A., of B.N.C. (much fam'd for his dexterity in pedagogy).' Allam was admitted to the Hall at the age of sixteen, 'where,' according to Wood, 'had it not been for his misfortune to fall under the tuition of a careless & crazed person, 2 he might have prov'd a prodigy of several sorts of learning.' On graduating he entered Holy Orders, and was appointed to be a tutor, moderator and lecturer in the chapel, and eventually to be Vice-Principal of the Hall, ' in all which offices,' vVood tells us,' he behaved himself much to the .credit, honour & flourishing thereof.' His charact.e r and attainments are best described in Wood's own words : ' H e was a person of eminent virtues, was sober, temperate, moderate & modest even to example. H e understood the

l .4thenae Oxo11ic11ses, iv, 174-6. See a lso the article on Allam in D.N .B. Thomns H ea rne (Collectivns, i, 295) thought Allam 's Tuto1Âˇ ha<l been ' i\Ir. E<lwards, V.-P. of Edm. Hall, a Welsh-Man & of a very crazed a nd whimsica l Temper, & void of Parts or learning. ' William Edwa rds, m atric. St. Edmund 'Hall, 1664; B.A. , 1667; M.A., 1670; B.D., 1677. ~

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controversial writings betwn conformists and nonconformists, protestants and papists, far beyond his years, which was advanc'd by a great and happy memory. And I am persuaded, had he not been taken off by the said offices, he would have gone beyond all of his time & age in those matters, & might have proved an useful & signal member of the church of England, for which he had a most" zealous respect. He understood the wor.ld of men well, authors better, & nothing but years & experience were wanting to make him a compleat walking library.' Unhappily Allam succumbed to an attack of smallpox in 1685, when he was only thirty years old. Wood's testimony is based on personal acquaintance, for Allam rendered Wood important services when the latter was collecting material for his great contribution to Oxford's biography, Athenae Oxonienses. 3 These services are well exemplified in these eight letters which Wood preserved. The five here printed were written to Wood in the autumn of 1680, while he was away from Oxford, staying at Weston Park, near Long Compton, in \i\Tarwickshire, with his friend, Ralph Sheldon. They contain news of current events in Oxford, and reveal characteristically enough Allam' s and vVood's common interests. After reading Allam's description of the visit of the Duke of Monmouth to Oxford, we must admit that Allam had little to learn from Wood in the caustic use of his pen. The mentions that Al.lam makes of the building of the Chapel and Library of the Hall give an added appropriateness to the publication of this correspondence in the Magazine this year. A.B.E. (Christian names have been inserted wit.hilt [] to assist identification .)

(ra) EDMUND HALL, OXFORD. October ye rst, '80. Sm, Mr. [Robert] Jarman 4 signifying to me ye reception of a letter from you, wherein you expressed a great willingness of being informed at your coming home particularly after wt manner ye Prince Palatine, Duke of Monmouth, & other honourable persons, who have visited us since yr departure, have been received & entertaind' by ye University, I thought myself deeply obliged before hand to give you this short & cursory account thereof, reserving ye larger & more full relation of ye transactions wch yn passd' (wch I have byÂˇ me in writing) till I see you next. 5 On ye 6th. of Septem: ye young 3 ~ee also Wood's Life and Times, v. 24. The first volume of Athe11ae Oxomenses appeared in 1691, the second in 1692. ~ M11:tric. St. Edm. Hall, 1671 ' Fellow of Merton, 1676. . 0 This ' larger and more full relation ' will be found printed next after thi s letter.

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Earl of Ossory was created M: of Arts in a Convocation calld' purposely for yt end; ye University Orator who presented him made a short speech. On ye 8th. of Sept em: ye Prince Pala [tine] came to Town (my Ld of Oxford appointing 6 or 8 of his house to meet him about Sanford) barely wth 3 poor coaches & a very small, mean retinue. 6 After notice given of his arrival very near by St. Mary's bell, ye Dors & Proctors met him at ye Church door in yr robes, where ye U niversi [ ty] Orator made a speech to him . Wn he entred his lodgings at Christ Ch: ye Earl of Sunderland's sonn spoke a short ode to him; ye next morning he was speechd' at ye Physick Garden by Dar Morison, at Magda[len]: Colleg[ge] :, at Queens, University Colled[ge] :, New Colled[ge] :, Wadham, & St. Johns. A Convocation being called' in ye Theater at 2 of ye clock he & about 10 more of his attendance were created Dors, some in Physick, others in Law, & one in Divinity, one or 2 of ym were publick professors in Heidelburg; ye Vice-Chan[ cellor] & Univers[ity ] Orator made each of ym speeches to him in ye Theater. He was at New Colled[ge] prayers at 4 of ye clock, after his being made D or; Sir Charles Cotterel, & Prince Rupert's Master of ye horse came along wth him; ye last was created Dor. Next morning he left us & went for Rycoat to my Ld Norris's, who yn was wth ye whole Militia of ye County training in a meadow near Thame, (where he gave ym an ox roasted, & many barrels of beer). After ye trainbands had shewd' him ye customary civility of soldiers by giving 2 or 3 volly shots, my Ld orderd' both troops to wait on him thro Thame, & afterwards those who had buff coats to attend him out of ye County as far I think as Chinner. On ye 16th of Sep: ye Duke of Monmouth came hither from my Ld Lovelace's attended wth very few of ye County Gentry (none of my L<l Norris's party appearing wth him) but many of our sneaking, fawning Townsmen on horseback. 7 Young Twycross made a bonfire near Magd : p~rish Church at his entrance into ye Town, not above 3 slclholars wch I could discern, came in wth him, viz: ye Macebearer's, Recorder's sonns & a 3d of New Colled[ge]. Ye Apron, machanick rascality & rable' noised & damourd' him into Town, he dind' ye 2 first days at an ordinary at ye blew bore Inn, on ye 3d at Colonel Crook's house in St Aldates parish at ye publick charge & costs of ye Town, they having first given him a Bailiff's place. He lodged at Water Eaton. Both ye Knights of ye Shire, and Burgesses of ye Town waited on him closely. Several threatning, scandalous, & reproachfull words were sd to be utterd' at divers places by some of his retinue, & ye rout agst ye Duke of York, Bops, Scholars, & ye University, & there was likely to have been some quarrels . [Anthony] Carsley, ye last Bedle being dead, one [.Peter] Cox, A:B:, Demy of Magda[len], put into ye foundation by his Majestie '66 for his quickness at Arithmetick, succeeds him. [Zacharias] Singleton fellow of Queens, & [William] Kingsmil fellow of Oriel are dead, Downs, Cook of Jesus, is also dead. Bowel is chosen Major here for ye ensuing year, Sir Ja~yson White's sonn & Harrison ye Mercer, 6

For another account of the Prince Palatine's visit, see The Flemings in J. R . Magrath, i, 326-8. . For another account of the Duke of Monmouth's visit, see The Flemings in

Oxford, ed. 1

o.~ford,

i, 327-8.

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Bayliffs; ye old clip-eerd' fanatical Major 8 (as I am inform' by one of yr own body, who hath been Bayliffe) in his speech (as they call it) most insufferably abused & scandalized ye University & Scholars, & yet it is reported yt he is so strangly in love wth his brat,. as to threaten to disperse this nonsensica.l trash about Town. Our Chappel is now almost slatted, & ye Library is in a good forwardness. 9 There are po less yn 6 answers agst D or Stillingfieet's Sermon, & about 8 small pieces in defence of him. 10 The Earl of Rochester' s funeral sermon preachd' by Mr [Robert] Parsons & printed at ye Theater sells exceedingly well; as also Dor Hicks' s preachd' here on Act Sunday morning last. Mr [George] Tully of Queens is going Chaplain to ye Arch-Bop of York in Dor Field' s place lately d ead. Sir, having yr pardon for giving you ye troubl e of reading these trifles & impertinencys, I am yr humble servant A. ALLAM. The Bop of Glowster hath sent us 201 towards our Chappel & hath promised 401. or 501. of books to ye Library.11 Addressed : These for Mr. Anthony Wood.

(I b) [ff. 30-31] The Prince Palatine came to Oxford (being met by 6 or 7 Gentlemen of [Christ] Church about Sanford) from Windsor on ye 8th of September about half an hour after five wth a small retinue riding in 3 coaches attended by Sir Charles Cotterel, after notice of his coming by ye ringing of St Marys bells, ye Dors & Proctors met him at St Marys door, where ye Prince coming out of his Coach ye Orator 12 made a short speech, from thence he went to Christ Church, where within ye Bops Lodgings he was saluted wth a copy of verses spoke by ye Earl of Sunderland's sonn; ye next morning being ye gth of ye same he visited Corpus Christi & Merton Colledges attended by my Ld of Oxford, thence to ye Physick Garden, where Dr Morison made a speech to him, so to Magd: Coll : where Mr. [John] Rogers 13 made a speech, then to Queens w[h ]ere Mr [George] Tully made one, thence to University where Mr Dod made one, to All SoÂľls, & yn to Ch: Ch: prayers: In ye afternoon at 2 of ye clock a Convocation was held at ye Theater, where he & about 10. of his retinue were created Dors, some in Phisick, some in Law, & one in Divinity; ye Vice-Ch: & Orator made speeches to him there ; ye Convoca [ tion] being concluded they went to ye s Robert Pauling, see Wood's Life and Times, ii, 496-7. 9 The first stone of the Chapel and Library of the Hall had been laid on April 19. 10 The sermon here referred to was one preached before the Lord Mayor. It was published in 1680 under the title The Mischief of Separation, and went into several editions. 11

See An Account of the Chapel a11d Library Bailding, St. Edmund Hall,

Oxford, pp. 10, 48. I have not found any record of Bishop Prichett's promise of a gift of money for books having been fulfilled. 12 Wood has added : ' Wyat. ' 13 Wood has added: ' fellow, Nephew to Dr. Rogers, fellow.'

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publick Library, thence into ye theater again & press, & so to New Colledf ge], where they were received wth a speech spoke by Dr [John Kent, & thence went to prayers [in] ye Chappell at 4 of ye clock, thence to Wadham, where Mr [Thomas] Mikel made a speech, thence thro ye Grove to St]ohnswhere Mr [John] Edwards spake a speech to him'' in ye library; then thro Baliol Colled[ge] to Jesus, & Lincoln Colled[ge], so to supper to [Christ] Church; and on ye rnth he left Oxford. A Convocation was called on ye 6th at 2 of clock for creating ye Earl of Ossery Master of Arts, at wch time ye Orator made a speech. October ye 2d Bop Hartman (at wch time Mr Vice-Chan: was reelected) Bop of Prussia in Polonia reformate was presented in Convocation to a D ors degree wch he had taken in Franckfurt. Dor Lloyd was consecrated Bop of St Asaph Octo: ye 3d. Kingsmill fellow of Oriel died Septem: ye 28th & was buried ye 29th.15 On ye 16th of Septem: ye Duke of Monmouth attended wth Ld Lovelace & a few more County Gentlemen, but a numerous tr[ ... ] of ye rascality of ye Town (St Giles's, St Miles, Mag dalen Parish, & Carfax bells ringing all ye way of his en trance into Town, & a small bonfire made below Northgate by young Twycross) ye dind ' as likewise ye day following at a 6s ordina ry at ye Blewbore Inn. Saturday, viz: ye 18th, (being first honourd' wth a Bayliffs place from ye Town) he was by ye City a t ye publick costs & charges treated at Colonel Brooks house in St Aklates Parish, on wch day he left ye Town.

(2) [ff. 27-28] EDMUND HALL., OxoN. October ye 2d, 1680. SIR, Mr. [William] Fulman was in Oxford lately for some short time. Mr. [Robert] Jarman having discontinued here for some time by reason of ye late death of his mother at Bedford, wch bath deprived you of a more exact & punctuall account of transactions here from his hands, I am emboldnd' to make these ensuing additions to m y former too busie informations. Yr Colled[ g e] Porter, & Mr [George] Pudsey ye Gentleman Comoner are dead of ye new distemper. Mr [Robert] Barker made a speed"!, he was carried to Eldsfield to be interrd'. The fellows have made use of yr Com on fire room a week since ; tho not yet quite finished, it will be about a week hence. Mr [Thomas] Hine of Brazen-nose on ye 19th of Sept: was created Dor only paying his fees, a Letter of ye Chancellors to yt purpose being first read; he bath resignd' his fellowship, & is leaving ye Colled[ge], having got a kinsman to be fellow in his place; on ye same day Dor John Price, Dor created of Kings Coiled f gel, Cambridge, fellow of Eaton, formerly Chaplain to General Monk was presented ad eundem by Dor Jane. Dor [Thomas] Tenison succeeds Bop Lloyd at St Martins in ye field. 14

Wood has inserted : ' at ye entrance into.' Wood has added: 'in Oriel Coll. Chap.'

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D or [George] Hicks D or [Edward] Layfield at All Hallows Barking, & it is reported yt Mr [Thomas] Turner of Corpus Ch: hath got D or Layfield parson age at Barn Elms. 17 Mr [Joseph J Cox fellow of Winchester Mr. Davis's sonn in law is dead & Mr [Anthony] Rouse of New Colled[ge] succeeds him. Mr Vice-Chen: force_d J a mes a t ye Angel first to part wth his bole, & hath since forced Mr Day to put him quite off, it is sd yt he leaves us worth 6001 at least. It is a very hot discourse here yt 16 or more Masters of Arts are speedily to be sumond' up to Parliament to answer for yr publick justification of ye unlawfulness & seditiousness of Petitioning in our Coffee houses in ye hearing of Sir John Cope & other parliament men, who have now complaind' thereof. For ye truth of this I dare not engage, it being only dispatchd' to us in private Letters. 18 One Albertus Warren hath put out a defence of Mr Clifford's Human reason agst an answer thereto entitled 'Plain dealing.' Baxter's large book of Episcopacy a.gst ye whole Scheme of Ecclesiastical Government & discipline (as described by D or Zouch, & in D or Cousins' tables) practised in ye Church of England is out; as also Le Strange's Case, & Appeal to his Majestie, & ye 3 Estates assembled in Parliament co11ectd' out of his own late writings for ye clearing himself from those many aspersions & calumnys thrown on him. Here is now publickly sold an answer to D or [Titus] Oates's Narrative entitld' A Vindication of ye English Catholicks from ye pretended Conspiracy agst ye life & government of his sacred Majestie &c:, sd to be printed at Antwerp some time since. An answer to this entitled An account of a Vindication c!r'c. is likewise publick, ye price of each 6d. Mr [John] Scot's sermon preachd' before ye Artillery Company, & D or fJohn] Sharpe's at ye Election of ye Ld Major are in print. There is a large & excellent piece entitld' P.resbytery Unmaskt in folio now in ye press at ye Theater, wch my Ld of Oxford had out of ye present Earl of Clarendon's library, & it is conjectured yt it [was J wrot by ye old Earl. Mr [Edmund] Hikeringil of Colchester (who lately put out a ' sermon bearing ye title of Curse ye M eroz , agst ye Presbyteriacy, having taken some la te pet & disgust agst some of ye Church of Eng: out of revenge hath set forth in folio a rambling, malitious, & virulent treatise entitled Ye 2d part of Naked T ruth chiefly agst ye proceedings & per sons em ployd' in Ecclesiastical Courts, tho he himself be a surrogate. Lewis Du Moulin hath put out another small Libel agst ye Church, & is since dead. [Thomas l Brooks who wrote ye .4 ples of Gold & [Ambrose] Upton formerly of Ch : Ch: Presbyterians are dead. There's a piece just come down wth this name: Vit~ Hobbiance Auctariu wrot in a good smooth stile in comendation of him, wch consists of his life wrot b y himself in verse some time since extant, of a large addition thereto much whereof is taken up in transcribing out of yr Antiqui [ties J his life, Mr. Hobbs' s Letter to you, D or Fells' reply thereto & in discovering a ll ye passages relating to that Epistolary Combat from its first 16

Dr. Hinde had been appointed Dean of Limerick.

rise, of a numerous Catalogue of Adversaries who have wrot agst him, wth ye names, edit: volum: & pages of ye book where they 17i.e.. Barnes, Surrey. 18

See Wood's Life and Times, ii, 497-8.

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have taken him to task, of a Catalogue of his friends who held cotrespondence, & friendly intercourse wth him, among wm you are reckond', of a 3d Index wch gives an account of ye Authors who have either wth praise or otherwise made mention of him in yr writings, ye timeing of ye deaths of his deceasd' friends is mostly taken out of yr booke, in many places thereof he makes due, respectfull, & honourable mention of you & yr Antiqui[ ties] : it is sd to be printed beyond ye seas, in a fair Letter & large margin 8vo. 19 Mr [Robert l Jarman returns from London this week, he was so unhappy as not to see his mother alive. I desiring Mr ]John[ Edwards (who giveth his hearty service to you, &fears yt Mr [Robert] Jarman was not so trusty to him as to doe it in his to you according to his repeated desires) to procure me directions from yr Brother's over agst yr Colled[ge] how to write to you, he receivd' upon enquiry ye enclosed for you. Craving yr pardon for this tedious, irksome pratle, hopeing for yr safe & speedy return to Oxford I am yr humble servant. A: ALLAM.

Addressed: For Mr Anthony Wood att Mr Sheldon's in Weston Carri [er] pd 2d.

[f. 33]

EDMUND HALL, OxoN: October ye 15, 'Bo. SIR, The kind reception wch Mr [Robert] Jarman assured me my former found encourageth me to give you ye trouble of a second scrible, tho since yt very few things material have hapened here; on ye 2d of this instant Mr [Paul] Hardman's brother being Dar of Divi[nity] at Francofurt & Bop of Prussia etc. was presented a.d eundem by Dar Jane: Mr Le Strange hath put forth a smart piece entitled a Dialogue between Richard & Baxter, he interposing frequently as Moderator for quietness sake, wherein his political Aphorismes, Saints' rest, Admonitions to Bagshaw sd disputa [ tion] of Ch [ urch] Government etc., letters betwixt him & Dar Hinckley lately published wth other of his trayterous & seditious treatises are cited as altogether contradicting & being inconsistent wth his late Non-Confor[mist] Pleas. Mr [William] Kingsmil one of ye Juor fellows of Oriel is dead & not Mr [Robert] Kinsey. Mr r.Tohn] Wikes of Corpus bath at last resigned his fellowship. Mr [Richard] Hine of yr Colled[ge] bath been dangerously sick of ye new feavour at Mr Crosses ye Apothecary's, & Mr [John] Conant is very ill of it now at ye Colled[ge]. It is reported here yt this new distemper rageth violently in many parts of ye Nation, it is somewt in Oxfordshire, but as yet (God be thanked) very little in Oxford. Bundels of Papers pass almost weekly between Dar (Gilbert] Burnet (who hath not as yet, so far as I can learn, been in 19 The author of this life of Thomas Hobbes was Richard was largely indebted to John Aubrey for his information.

Blackbur~e,

who

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Oxford) & Mr [William] Fulman. The buildings of ye Theater are up now to ye 3d ftoor. 20 Mr Vice-Chancellor was elect'd for ye 2d round on yt day wch Mr [Paul] Hartman's brother ye Polander was presented. Jaimes of ye Angel 21 hath bought a silver boo! to drink punch in, wch cost him almost fourscore pounds, & hath sent for a tub & dozen of canns silver also, of wch design & extravagancy Mr Vice-Ch [ ancellor] quickly hearing, he hath since so haunted ye house, yt he will spoil his trade. This folly of yt proud fop, & Mr Major's speech (stuffed wth little witticisms as he thought) ha th occasiond' much discourse. Scarcity of news hath enforced me to inform you wth these low, mean, & inconsiderable occurrences, Sir, I am Yr_humble servant, A. ALLAM.

Addressed : These ·for Mr Anthony Wood.

[ff. 35, 36.] No·vember ye 12th, 1680. Srn, Yr's I just now received (ye Carrier coming into Town very late last night) & return you many thanks for ye pamphlet you have been pleasd' to send me. I am almost assured yt Mr. [Robert] Jarman hath long since securd' [Elizabeth] Collier's Triall & Sentence : if he hath not done it already, I will not fail to doe it. I have seen Sir Edward Biggs ' Catalogue, as also besides yt other you mention consisting of ye books of 2 Learnd' Divines, a 3d Catal[ogue] of 4 rank fanaticks' studys, viz: Stubbs' (Hen:), Dillingham's, & Vincent's (Thom:), Canton's, if possibly, I will procure ye 2 former for you. I think ye last to be very inconsiderable. It appears now yt there was not much truth in ye story about ye Oxford abettors & stiklers agst petitioning, tho its agreed on by most yt it was mentiond' in ye house of Comons, but they being yn on more important business, it was laid aside; it is thought yt it may be revivd' again, wn yr heat's over: ye persons mentiond' here were [Michael] Harding of Trinity, [John] Mills' ofQueen's, 22 [John] James & [Jonathan] Trelawny (whose Brother being now lately dead, he will be Barnet & enjoy a very considerable estate after his father) of Christ Ch : , [Francis] Slaug-hter & [Phineas] Ellwood of Corpus Ch : , Ames] Grimes 23 of Exeter Coiled [ge] , [William] Thornton of Wadham, & I think [Edward] Davenant of Oriel wth others. The Mr of Wadham who by some was thoug ht to impeach ym is Prat's sonn ye Mace Bearer, who tho fellow of Wadham study's ye Comon Law at ye Inns of Court, hath listed himself into ye Green Ribbon Club, talks much of strange libertys

20 21

i.e. the Sheldonian Theatre.

The Angel Inn was in the High Street on part of the site of the Examination Schools. 22 Subsequently Principal of St. Edmund Hall. 23 Wood has written above : •Crimes,' which is the usual spelling of the name.

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81'

& propertys of ye people, & was ye only scholar besides ye Recorder's sonn who rod out of Oxford to meet ye D[ uke] of M[ onmouth]. He pratled atÂˇ yt rate wn last in Town, yt he was threatend' by men of far different discourse & principles to be stuf1ond' into Convocation & to have his Gown pulld' off. I know not how Dr Fell takes those sharp reflections made on him in ye additionals to Hobbs' Life. H ere is much talk & fear of a Comprension Act to bring into Church preferments almost all sorts of Separatists upon very easie terms & subscriptions. Mr. [Humphrey] Humphreys fellow of Jesus & Chaplain to ye Bop of Bangor is made Dean of Bangor. Mr. [Charles] Hickman of Ch: Church is going Chaplain wth my Ld. Chandois to Constantinople. It is reported here yt Mr. [Joseph] Glanvil of Bath is dead . [Thomas] Dangerfield's case fol:, Don Tomaz on ye Juvenile rambles of Mr Dangerfield 8\'0, Remarks on Colon el Blood's Life fol:, (!\1iles] Prante's ans\1Âˇer to [Elizabeth] Collier's Libell fol:, Breviat of Letters in ye hands of ye late Secret Committee now printed fol:, are most of ye Pamphlets wch I have seen since my last. D or FitzvVilliams of Magd : Coiled [ge] is come to reside there for some time as Guardian to Mr Nowell Grandson to ye present L<l Viscount Cambden, they have allowd' him ye priviledge of a Nobleman in all respects in ye Coiled [ge] & ye Vice-Ch : bath promisd' not to take notice of his wearing a tippet with his mourning gown, tho he be really but Gentleman Comoner. The Bops of Winches [ ter], London, & Oxford put in eagerly for his being at Ch : Ch : rather yn he should be there, or at Cambrid [ge], (tho he lives himself within 3 or 4 miles thereof). Dor FitzWil[liams] was resolvd ' to come with him. Mr [Anthony] Rouse of New Colled[ge] is chosen fellow of Winches[ter] in Mr [Joseph] Coxes place. [William] Ward of Queens hath taken yr parsonage fallen at Hampton Powell by ye death of [Richard] Mate lately of Pembroke. 21 That book in ye press at ye Theater about our late troubles is now positively affirmd' to be Sir Wm Dugdale's by some who know his hand very well. Mr [Robert] Jarman came home on Friday last; & if I had had time to send to him before ye Carrier went out I presume yt he would have wiot to you, he told me yesterday yt he expected you home wthin 3 or 4 days at most. If you please at any time to signifie to me any concern or matter wherein I might serve you here in yr .absence I should be always most ready & willing to comply therewth, who am, Sir, Yr humble servant, A. ALLAM. Addressed : , These for Mr Anthony Wood att Mr Sheldon's in Weston.' 'Carrier pd 2<l.'

And bears a black armorial seal. 24 See The Flemings in Oxford, ed. J. R. Magrath, i, 331. 'Mate' is usually spelt ' Mayott.'

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(s) EDMUND HALL, OxoN: Noveni: ye z9th, 'Bo. Sm, Since my last I have not met only wth these few ensuing occurrences, wch I should have deferrd' till they had swelld' into a greater bulk, had they not been so officious in ye accompanying Mr (Robert] Jarman's more elaborate papers. I have secured Mrs (Elizabeth] Collier's Triall & Sentence for you at 1s., & am promisd' Sir Edward Bygges Catalogue wth ye other Catalogue of books of 2 eminent & learnd' rrien. A hue & cry after Roger Lestrange in one sheet, Stranges Case Strangely alterd' wth sculptures wrought from a plate & verses underneath explaining ye import of ye antick figures in imitation of his ingenious Papery in Masquerade, herein are some reproachfull abuses wrongfully cast on ye Clergy, (Edward] Turbervill's, Ferias', & (Robert] Jcnison's informations, 2 Conferences (only feignd') between Le'chese 2 5 & Jesuits in relation to ye Catholicks managery of yr affairs in England, these pretend'd confe(rences] severely reflect also on our Churchmen, Letter concerning ye bill for disabling ye D ( uke] of Y( ork] 4to, & Philips' (John) Vindication of Dor (Titus] Oates's Narrative agst ye Papisticall answer thereto fol:, Mr Hollingworth's Visitation Sermon are all ye Pamphlets wch I have seen (besides ye weekly Anti-Roman-Pacquet, & ye House of Comons votes) since my last, Mr [George] Tully of Queens is made already Sub-Dean & Prebendarie of York. LWilliam] King ye organist of New Colled(ge] died on Tuesday night last, & (Richard] Goodson of Ch: Church it is thought will succeed him. Mr Battie a Cambrid (ge] man is Prebendarie of Worcester in Mr Glanvil's place. The Arch-Bop of Canterbury designing to spoil & take away all resignations of fellowships at All Souls comanded . some time before yr election ye Warden to pronounce Dor [Charles] Trumbal's (his Chaplain, wm he had preferrd') plil.ce, & Dor (William] Coker's, Practioner in Physick at Winchester being married, void in ye nature of dead places, wch he did, notwithstanding this, these z together wth Winckle Practioner in Physick in Glowster, & (William] Guise (who is to marry Dor Bury's daughter) who also resignd', put each of ym his man into ye election as usually, all wch were unanimously chosen by ye fellows, but ye Warden denying all of ym, there is a devolution & an appeal from ye fellows to ye Arch-Bop agst ye Warden's negative vote. Dor Litleton & Mr Wooldridge appear for ye Coiled (ge] : ye matter is not as yet determind'; they have had Judge Pemberton's & Serjeant Crooks' opinion on yr Case, who give yr judgements for ym. Mr [Robert] Jarman brought from London a little exercise of Dor (Thomas] Alvey' s about 3 sheets agst Sir George Ent. We shall cover our Library next week. I shall not pretend to acquaint you wth any of yr Coiled [ge] transactions, presuming that Mr [Robert] Jarman hath faithfully done yt in his, Sir, I am Yr humble servant, A. ALLAM. 2 5 Pere La Chaise, confessor to Louis XIV.

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I have yr pardon for inserting wt follows out of Mr Hobbs life so impertinently, thinking yt you might not hav~ seen it yet. Mr [John] Edwards gives his hearty service to you, we meet sometimes as formerly. · Mr [John] Clarke ye old Proctor of All Souls hath taken a Called [ge] Parsonage in his own County, Kent, not worth beyond £JOO per annum. Memoirs of ye Earl of Castlehaven containing an account of his engagement in ye late warrs in Ireland for 9 years 12mo are lately come forth. There is expectd' yt conference in print wch passd' between Dor Burnet, & ye Earl of Rochester wn on his death bed at Woodstock Park. That wch I observe (besides wt I have already related) out of ye publisher of Mr Hobbs life (wch being wrot, as he saith in his preface, by a learnd' friend of Mr Hobbs', he had from Esquire Aubry, whose name I guess ye initial letters J :-A : do intimate & point out, who also put him upon & supplied him wth matter in ye compiling his Vita! HobbianCB Auctarimn) as relating to you is yt such persons were employd' in ye translation of yr work who did not doe you _right & justice therein, yt Dor Fell toke on him to insert many things wch he thought fit however contrary to yr mind, & to put out other wch displeasd' him, yt he first grantd' you leave to acquaint Mr Hobbs of wt changes & alterations he had made in his life, yet yt upon ye receiving Mr Hobbs' Letter to you he was very wroth wth you for informing Mr Hobbs under hand & unknown to him (as he said) & yt wthall at ye same time he raild' bitterly agst Mr Hobbs saying besides other things yt he being now grown old he ought to mind heaven, not his cr~dit so much. 26

BACH IN OXFORD As Bach is now so popular in Oxford it may be of interest to record that a Hall man had much to do with his introduction there. According to Sir John Stainer, himself a Hall man (Musical Association Proceedings, 1893-4, p. 145), William Fishburn Donkin ' was the first to play a Bach organ fugue in Oxford. He must have been an undergraduate about 1840.' As a matter of fact, it was earlier that he was an undergraduate : he came up to the Hall from St. Peter's School, York, and matriculated on October JO, 1832. He obtained a double First Class in Classics and Mathematics in 1836, and was elected a Fellow of University College the same year ; he continued to be Mathematical Lecturer of the Hall until his appointment as Savilian Professor of Astronomy in 18.µ. It may be claimed, therefore, that it was from St. Edmund Hall 26 Wood had fallen out with Bishop Fell because the Bishop, in looking over Wood's Historia et Antiquitates Universitatis Oxoniensis, had introduced some disparaging remarks about Hobbes into the description which Wood had given of him.

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that the beginning of the enthusiasm for Bach in Oxford cahle about. Donkin was an accomplished violinist, pianist, organist, and acoustician. PERCY A. SCHOLES.

A LETTER OF HUMFREY WANLEY [The letter of Humfrey Wanley printed here is contributed by the Rev. Adam Fox, Dean of Divinity and Fellow of Magdalen. Our thanks are due to him for his transcription of it and to the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge, for permission to publish it. Humfrey Wanley, the scholarly librarian of the first and second Earls of Oxford and an eminent antiquary, began his academical career at the Hall in May, 1695. His aptitude for research was encouraged by the Principal, Dr. Mill, who derived much help from him in collating the text of the New Testament. From the letter printed here it appears that \Vanley at Dr. Mill's suggestion had been employed by Dr. Thomas Gale, High-master of St. Paul's, subsequently Dean of York, in transcribing and collating a MS. of Proclus, the N eo-Platonist, in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge. After a year of residence at the Hall W anley was lured to University College by Dr. Charlett.]

[Trin: Coll: Cantab: 0.5. 10 (bound into an MS. by Proclus)] EDMUND-HALL. Nov. 7, 1695. HONOURED Srn, I have now, as you see finished, collated & sent you Proclus, which has been a work of much more tediousness than I expected. When I began it I purposed to send it you by last Lammas day at farthest ; & seeing it was the first Greek MS I ever copied, I was prevailed upon by our Principal to take 4li for ye Copie. But now since it has cost me as much more time as I thought it would, I must needs say that if I have not 40s more, I am and shall be a great loser by it. You may be pleased to return the money by this bearer, as much in Gold & as little in Half-Crowns as you think fit, I know I need not caution you to send what is good, because you must needs be sensible that Bad money will create You & I much trouble. I have put the number of the leaves of the Original MS all along on the extremities of the Margent, because if you should chance to doubt of any thing & to require further satisfaction, you might be enabled for giving the surer directions for consulting the Original, whir'. h if you shal be so minded, I wil do at any time for you, who am Honoured Sir Your most faithful & humble servant HUMFREY WANLEY.

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On a slip of paper bound in with this is the carrier's receipt , vis.: November ye 15, 1695. R eceived then of Dr Gale for ye use of Mr Wanly of St Edmund's hall in Oxford, the summe of foure pounds, which I promise to pay to ye sayd Mr vVanly: I say rec'd by me. THO: B ARTLETL 4lb. 00. oo. A letter (n.d.) of Dr. John Mill bound up in the same volume says: ' I had writt before this, if my collation of Proclus had been fini shed. The MS copy is fa ulty, especially as to accents. I have r ectified it as well as l could upon a cursory reading, as I went along. ' Lower d0\n1 this letter refers to ' Bartlett th e vVaggoner at y<:> Swa n by H olborn bridge .' This letter is a ddressed : These For the reverend Dr Gale, at hi s House in St Paul s Churchyard London . The Proclus MS. is described in M . R. J a mes' Catalogu e of MSS at Trin: Co ll: No. l29 r. It has ornamented headpieces a nd finials. In the first headpiece is w ritten in t wo circl es : , E Cod. Bodleiano qui inscribitur 38 Sup!. A. B. Art. transcri pit Humfred. vVanley ex Aula Sancti Edmundi 1695. The copy contains some textual notes in Mill's handwriting (e.Jr. at fol. 69) . ADAM Fox.

BIRD~WATCHING

IN SHETLAND

ET,V EEN the end of Schools and the impending 'viva' the mind, tired by its unwonted exertions, requires some anodyne or powerful di stract ion to lull it into a false sense of security. Tha t period it was my lot to spend in the Shetlands. These islands, which lie some sixty or seventy miles to the north of John o' Groats , do not a ppear to receive ma ny visitors from the outside world. R eti red colonels content to out-manoeuvre the sea-trout, fish-dealers bound for Lerwick, the chi ef town , and the harmless, eccentric ornitholog ist seem to compose the g reater part of their non-resident popula tion. There a re two r~asons why even the bird-watcher might hes itate to visit them. In the first place , the cost of travelling from pl ace to place cannot but be hig h, since it necessitates

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hiring car or boat; second.ly, the voyage from Aberdeen to Lerwick lasts some sixteen hours, and the sea is usually rough. Once reached, however,Âˇ the Shetlands offer many and yaried attractions to the bird-watcher. The largest of these islands is the long straggling Mainland, on the east coast of which, the only place of any size, Lerwick is situated. To the north of the Mainland lies the smaller isle of Yell, which has been rather unsympathetically dismissed as 'one large peat-bog.' To the east of Yell is Fetlar, and between the two, the mere islet of Hascosay. Finally, there is Unst, the most northerly of the British Isles. These are the only islands we visited, but there are several others of lesser degree, such as Bressay, Mousa, and Whalsey to the east of the Mainland, and lonely Fou.l a far out in the Atlantic to the west. So much for their geography. Their scenery has that fascination common to all wild, bleak places : but there is little high ground, not much cultivation, and a general absence of trees. In the shelter of the town of Lerwick a few trees are to be foundthey might almost be said to flourish - and there exists even on Unst a grove of sycamores planted long ago. Cowering behind a wall, they shoot up in a spindly manner as far as the top of the wall and then wither, like the trees of Hellespont at the sight of Troy. The cliffs in many places rise to a great height: with the voes (sea-lochs), which come stealing up far into the heart of the land, they provide the most striking scenery in Shetland. The villages consist of scattered houses with indeterminate patches of green around them, which soon merge into the darkbrown of the heathery !?ill-side. The inhabitants win their existence from the sea. Many of them have, in their youth, sai.led by strange shores. Of two fishermen who took us from Yell to Hascosay, one had traded on the Australian coast, and the other had passed often through the Straits of Magellan. But nostalgia, or unemployment, had drawn them back to fish in the familiar sounds of their youth. There were four of us - two bird-photographers and two mere bird-watchers. Our visit had several aims. The idea of watching several rare or unfamiliar species in their breeding-haunts was in itself sufficiently attractive . In addition, the photographers had determined to bring back visual. records of the behaviour of such species. A third member of the party hoped to leave a considerable number of bird-rings in Shetland. Finally, there was always the possibility of new discoveries, for though visited every year by ornithologists, the Shetlands are by no means overworked. We embarked on the St. Sunniva (named after a Norwegian saint) at Aberdeen on June 20. It would be best to pass hastily

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over the voyage to Lerwick. Our chief misfortune was that we were not actually sea-sick. About 11 a.m. on the following morning, after a late and somewhat exiguous breakfast, I came on deck to behold the ship gliding into Lerwick Sound. A cosmopolitan fleet of trawlers and drifters was gathered there. The grey town of Lerwick looked gloomy and forbidding through the mists of the morning and the smoke of the fishing-fleet. From Lerwick an unexpectedly commodious Fiat bore us luxurious1y northward to the Sound of Yell. There a motor-yawl (I am not quite certain what a yawl is, but I trust it is the correct term) vvas waiting and carried us over the Sound. On the farther shore, a party of Shetlanders in uniformly lugubrious attire appeared to have donned mourning for our arrival. I did not think this fact devoid of significance when, after a peculiar, irregular, mechanical noise had been audible for some time, a motor-car, which bore very evident marks of remote antiquity, slowly descended the slope towards us, and the driver, having disengaged himself from the machinery, acquainted us with his hopes of removing us to MidYell, our ultimate destination. Accordingly, the most enterprisingÂˇ member of the party hastily declared his intention of sitting in front, and commenced to hurl all the baggage into the back of the car. This, with the addition of three human beings, did not leave a great deal of room in that part of the vehicle. \!Ve spent some time debating whether the car had ever had springs or not. My forebodings were increased by the fact that a Raven, perhaps only from a Vulturine instinct, fol. lowed us for a part of the way. Time, however, brought us to Mid-Yell, and there we unpacked and took possession of our quarters. Our stay in Yell was largely occupied in watching and photographing the '~himbrel and the Skuas. The Whimbrel's attraction for the bird-watcher is due, in a measure, to its rarity as a breedingspecies in the British Isles, for the northern Shetlands are the only localities in which it is regularly found in summer. It would appear to be one of the few Shetland birds which are decreasing in numbers. We found two nests only, one on Yell and a second on Unst. The owner of the first of these proved a difficult photographic subject. We feared to leave the hide near the nest overnight, so that the bird might become accustomed to its presence, as, whilst she was off the nest, a neighbouring pair of A1-ctic Skuas would probably have discovered the eggs. On Unst, however, photographs were easily secured of a comparatively tame bird which was nesting amid peat-cuttings not far from a small village .

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The vVhimbrel is a small Curlew in appearance, with a shorter, less decurved bill. and dark streaks on the head. Like its larger relative, the vVhimbrel has, in the breeding season, a liquid trilling whistle which it utters as it glides through the air. The ordinary call is a short whistle several times repeated; and this call, which may often be heard on our coasts duri1~g the autumn migration, has earned the bird the .l ocal name of Seven-'\iVhistler. Of the rarer Shetland birds, the Skuas are undoubtedly the most typical, and the larger of them, the Great Sima or Bonxie, is almost exclusively confined, as a breeding species, to these islands. Thirty or forty years ago only a few pairs remained, but thanks to the intervention of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, they have now greatly increased in Shetland, and a few have spread to the Orkneys. The life of the Great Sk1,1a is spent far out at sea, harrying the Gulls and Gannets till they relinquish their food in terror. In appearance this pirate resembles a large brown Gull : it has a distinctly hooked bill, and near the end of each wing there is a conspicuous patch of white. For a few months only it resoFts to the wild and bleak moors of Shetland, to breed amid the peat-hags. Here in the b1-eeding season, this grave, fierce, solitary bird indulges in mildly ecstatic nuptial performances. We often saw a pair sail through the air together, with wings fantastically upraised, uttering a series of strange corvine calls, harsh indeed, but a very notable outburst of eloquence for this taciturn creature. The performance, however, of this bird which has received most notice is its method of apprising the stranger of his unwelcome intrusion. As you enter their breeding-haunts, the great brown birds come wheeling round, uttering a short, low monosyllabic call in a very quiet, menacing manner, as if their motto was 'facta non ve-rba.' Then one of them turns suddenly, about thirty yards down wind, and with powerful flight gradually increasing in vigour and speed, comes directly towards you, often low down over the surface of tl::ie ground. On it comes till you can see the very glint in its eye, and, at the .l ast possible moment, swerves up into the wind with a mighty rush of wings, and beats off again, only to reproduce the same manoeuvre again and again, as long as you remain in the vicinity of the eggs or young. The Arctic Skua, an even commoner species in Shetland, whilst lacking the impressive dimensions of the Bonxie, is much more volatile and entertaining. It also is a dark-brown bird, but slender and graceful, with long wings and tail. The two central tailfcathers protrude several inches beyond the rest, which adds to the

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general impression of hawk-like alacrity on the wing. There are t\\"O forms of this bird. The common one is a dark, uniform umberbrown in colour. But about one in every three birds has the under-parts white: and this type is the handsomer, the white of the neck being tinged with sulphur-yellow. Of all colonies of birds, those of the Arctic Skua are perhaps most constantly entertaining. Even the Tern colonies have their moments of rest or comparative inactivity. But as long as a human being is in the vicinity of the breeding-ground, a pair of Arctic Skuas attend him faithfully, continually emitting a low peevish note-, expressive of anxiety rather than resentment. They constantly employ one of the most elaborate and convincing of all injuryfeigning performances. A bird will suddenly pause and falter in mid-career, and drop slowly to the ground, a few feet at a time, as if disabled. Then it runs quickly along, waving its wings vigorously, and uttering a miserable, thin squealing noise. After the first time, one usually leaves it to squeal its fill. It soon tires and takes to the ai~ once more, appeases its annoyance by chasing a neighbouring Sirna, and repeats the same pathetic performance. After one has witnessed the same bird repeat the same manoeuvre a dozen times on end, one readily believes it to be purely instinctive. Individual birds will attack an intruder with great determination. On one occasion when I was standing beside a nestling, the old bird dived repeatedly at my head, shooting past my ear with a noise as of a sabre cutting the air. These birds appear to be incessantly engÂˇaged in establishing and maintaining their territorial rights. Should an absent-minded Skua inad\"ertently wander into what another pair consider its own particular domain, he is immediately pursued with that speed and vehemence of which an Arctic Skua alone is capable. Away the birds go, the two defenders and the hapless intruder, rising, falling, turning, wheeling, sometimes actually coming into combat in midair. And all the time the moor resounds to their loud, kuerulous, chattering cries. The unwelcome visitor driven well away, the birds return, floating leisurely on stiffly arched wings, heads stretched forward, giving their exultant, far-heard breeding calla loud nasal cry, ' a-yah, a-yah,' repeated a number of times. Even during the short Shetland night, when twilight has at last settled on the hills, the same chases go on. As I came over the moors on one occasion, about midnight, I could hear Skuas of both species calling everywhere around me and pursuing each other in the halflight.

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The same inexhaustible energy characterizes the cliff-dwellers. On these northern cliffs the Puffins go streaming seaward, and return laden with fish ; and pairs of Fulmars, with heads wagging in an ecstasy of connubial contentment, cackle amorously on the ledges of rock, when all that is left of the day is the bright golden gfow along the northward horizon. When they come to land the Arctic Skuas adopt a partly vegetarian diet, but they may often be seen beating along the voes in close attendance on the fishing Terns. The Skua's method of gaining a living by relentlessly chasing a Tern which has just caught a fish has frequently been described. Occasionally one sees them hunting in pairs, the birds chasing their quarry in turn. The unoccupied bird stands by to field the fish when it is dropped - a curious development which seems to conflict with the natural egotism of the bird-world. \Vhilst resident in Yell we also photographed the Red-throated Diver, and the Phalarope. The Diver is by no means confined as a breeding-species to Shetland : but in the British Isles the Phalarope breeds only in the Shetlands and Outer Hebrides. Like the majority of birds that inhabit Shetland, it is a sea bird; in fact, a bird of the deep ocean, rarely approaching land except to breed. The resultant unfa~iliarity with man doubtless occasions the bird's remarkable tameness. No 'hide' is necessary to photograph them. One has but to secure the young, place them on a patch of dry ground, and discourage any inclination on their part to seek the watery seclusion of the adjacent swamp-and the old bird will soon be brooding them peacefully, somewhere in the neighbourhood of the photographer's feet. The Red-necked Phalarope (to quote the whole of its intolerabl y scientific name) is a small wader in appearance, with short bill and long legs. The upper parts are grey streaked with yellow, the under-parts pure white, and the sides of the neck and breast are a soft warm red, much brighter in the female than the male. We found a small colony of them inhabiting a swamp about a hundred yards from the sea, and in a short space discovered two nests in tussocks of grass, and also a pair of young ones. These were exceedingly smal.l and fragile creatures. Their bills and lon g legs were inexpressibly slender and wiry, and they seemed to run over the bowed grass without touching the ground. The male-for in this species the duty of looking after the young devolves largely on the male bird-,attended his captured offspring very assiduously, and was perfectly willing to brood them with four people standing a few feet away. The photographers merely walked round after

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him. vVhen they approached a little too closely even for a Phalarope-that is, to within three or four feet-he got up, called the chicks after him with a sharp note not unlike the word ' quick,' and settled on them again a little farther off, uttering a small contented, inward croon. Before leaving Mid-Yell we were requested to give a talk to the school children on birds and bird-photography. This task naturally fell to the .l ot of the weakest-willed member of the party : and my chief difficulty was the translation of the text-book names (such as Red-necked Phalarope) into Shetlandic, a task calling for a degree of philological ingenuity quite beyond me. The children behaved well, some of them even stifling their yawns, and at the end asked unexpected and disconcerting questions. The following day we sped northward to Ye.II in a motor-yawl, landed at Uyeasound, and were conveyed by a perfectly reputable Armstrong-Siddeley to the hotel, which rejoices in the resounding name of Hotel du Nord. Considering the remoteness of its situation, it is indeed remarkably comfortable in every respect. We visited the historic Hermaness . Hill, the ancient home of the Great Sirna, where bird-protection began a hundred years ago. Here a tame Arctic Sirna was in attendance on the watcher's hut. It had so far forgotten its natural wildness and mistrust of mankind as to emulate the degenerate Gulls of our seaside resorts in catching morsels of bread in the air. The watcher estimated that the colony of Bonxies now numbered nearly eighty pairs of birds, a great increase on the dozen or so that maintained a threatened existence in this their last stronghold about thirty years ago. In order to see the cliff birds under the best conditions, and incidentally to stand on the most northerly point in the United Kingdom, two of us hired a boat at Burra Firth on the first day of our sojourn in Unst, when the sea was sufficiently calm to permit a landing on the stacks which lie off the northern point of the island. We sat majestically in the stern, whilst four islanders-the two owners of the boat, the local postman, and one of the lighthousekeepers who was off duty-rowed us along the firth and out across the channel between the stacks and the mainland. The postman and the lighthouse-keeper talked with a persistence and rapidity which would have justified one in the assumption that they were communicating their respective life-histories, and had only the short space of the voyage to the stacks to do it in. They might well have been doing so, for all I gathered to the contrary. On the outermost stack, called the Muckle Flugga, the lighthouse is situated. The landing-place was in a narrow rock-strewn channel

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between the tall cliffs of the Muckle and Little Fluggas-a weird and impressive place, very hospitable to Kittiwake and Razorbill, . but strangely forbidding to a human being tossed in a small boat. A long flight of steps led up the side of the rock to the lighthouse perched impregnably on top. We were somewhat chagrined to discover, on attaining the summit, that a diminutive rock called the Out Stack, lies a little farther still to the northward, and is practic. ally inaccessible even in the calmest weather. After a short stay on the Muckle Flugga we decided to attempt to approach more closely to some stacks to the westward, where Gannets were thickly dotted. Our crew chose to make their exit from the channel between the two rock-stacks by a different route. They immedi'ately rowed nonchalantly into a narrow passage, between two sheer walls of rock, which seemed scarcely twice theÂˇ width of the boat. Worse still a distinct swell was rolling through this gully. vVorst of all, a third wall of rock appeared at the end, giving the impression of a cul-de-sac. I began to entertain the notion that this wretched postman (who after all, looked a much better postman than a sailor) and the garrulous lighthouse-keeper had become so engrossed in each other's life stories that they had omitted to notice where they were going. However, just as I was. thinking of recalling their attention to the business in hand, a small opening appeared on the left through which we swerved, narrowly missing one or two points of rock strewn indiscriminately about the passage, and emerged once more into the open sea. Nevertheless,. the Atlantic swell which even on calm days comes singing between the group of stacks and the mainland prevented us from approaching the Gannetries too closely, and we had to be content with a comparatively distant view. Gannets are very entertaining to watch. The plumage of the adult bird possesses a dazzling whiteness which is intensified by the black of the wing-tips: the head and neck are yellowish in colour. A constant clamour prevails at the nesting-site: and it occurred to me that I had heard a similar sound during the journey to MidYell. The noise had put me in mind of a very old Ford car, just forcing itself reluctantly into motion, the engine missing badly all the time. Various amiable performances are the outcome of their amorous transports. A pair of birds will sit opposite each other engaged in mutual contemplation. Suddenly they stretch their necks, point their bills skyward, and wag them gently at each other. Then they bow gracefully, and one arches its neck over the other's. Some birds bring seaweed and present it to their mates. One rather

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absent-minded male flew round in circles for nearly a quarter of an hour, bearing a large burden of seaweed with him. The Puffin is doubtless the commonest bird of the cliffs here, as in most places where sea-birds congregate to breed. At some points, the cliffs are literally perforated by their holes. Not a moment passes when clouds of birds are not streaming out to their fishing-grounds, and equal numbers speeding back laden with their catch. On the higher parts of the cliffs, Fulmar Petrels breed plentifully, and are constantly sailing to and fro along the cliff-face, on wings that twitch a nd curve in a delicate, sensitive manner, but hardly ever beat in the normal way. From the lower parts of the cliffs come the confused noise of Kittiwakes and a d eep bass growling accompaniment from ranks of Guillemots. At the very foot, the green-eyed Shag breeds in the dark caverns where the sea thunders ceaselessly. Black Guillemots inhabit the c revices amid the fallen boulders: they are striking creatures, sooty brown, with big white patches on the wings. In a good light, these white patches can be seen as the bird wings its way under the water in quest of fish. After a short stay in Unst, we sailed southward to Lerwick aboard the Earl of Zetland, the somewhat insufficiently ballasted steamer which plies between the various islands. From Lerwick we went on to Bridge of Walls on the western side of the Mainland. Here little photography and much ringing was done. The other members of the party swam over to islets in lochs to ring the young Gulls, whilst I sat by the shore, ostensibly to facilitate the procedure by taking down the numbers of the rings. One notable expedition was made to a small island which rejoiced in a population of twenty sheep and a number of sea-birds. Here the St0rmy Petrel was found nesting. This bird, wh ich like so many Shetland breeding-species spends the rest of its life in mid-ocean, is about the size of a sparrow, dark sooty-brown in colour, except for a white rump. Favourite haunts of the Stormy Petrel are the many small islets scattered round the Shetland coast. Here, in deserted rabbit-warrens or deep crevices between boulders, the birds incubate their single white eggs. As they are nocturnal in their habits, it would be well-nigh impossible to detect their presence by day, were it not for the faint but unmistakable odour which indicates the places where they nest. All the Petrels have the habit of ejecting a quantity of oil when handled or approached too closely: and it is this oil which gives the bird and its abode a distinctive but not really a very o~jectionable smell-a sickly, musty odour.

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After we had spent a considerable part of one afternoon, engaged in the somewhat undignified procedure of nasal investigation of rabbit-warrens, one of the party had the mixed pleasure of being able to announce that he had detected the tell-tale aroma. Some of the holes seemed to go on .interminably far down into the earth, but two or three birds were eventually brought into the light of day. If placed on the ground they either sat still in a dazed manner, or attempted to shuffle back into the grateful darkness whence they had been so unexpectedly dragged. They use their wings to enable them to shuffle along the ground, for the legs, though rather long, are very thin and wea k, and have long forgotten their normal function. We had the doubtful pleasure of rowing ourselves out to this islet. The boat followed a noticeably erratic course. This was presumably due to the fact that the oarsmen alternately failed to encounter the water on their respective sides. From Bridge of Walls we returned to Lerwick and embarked again, this time on the St. Ninian.. She left Lerwick about 4 a.m . , and I came on deck just in time to see Fair Isle, the most southerly of the Shetlands, fading away in the distance. On the return journey a call of some three or four hours was made at Kirkwall in the Orkneys. After the Shetlands, they appear flat, green, and wellcultivated : and it was pleasant to see once more such familiar birds as the Yellow-hammer, Pied Wagtail and even Rook and Jackdaw, all of which are absent from Shetland. From Kirkwall we embarked again for Aberdeen, where we duly awoke the following morning. Rich in sea-birds, Shetland has comparatively few of the small passerine species. The Swallow, and the Cuckoo, and the familiarÂˇ harbingers of summer in more southern lands rarely reach these isles. Of the small summer-migrants the Wheatear is practically the only one to breed regularly and commonly there. Such familiar figures as the Robin and Blue Tit are absent. The Thrush and the Blackbird inhabit the islands, but are by no means common. We did not see a single Thrush in the course of three weeks. The familiar Corn-Bunting, habitue of roadside telegraph-wires in England, is to be found in the vicinity of the villages: and that 'wandering voice,' the Corncrake, may be heard where there is some degree of cultivation. The Shetlands have their own forms of twoÂˇ species, the Starling, and the Wren: the latter has a song quite distinct from that of the English bird. The Starlings lodge in the cliffs as clamorous and contented as their fellows in Trafalgar Square, or in the great Fyfield roost near Oxford.

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On the whole the bird-life of Shetland is now in a flourishing condition. The Great Skua, the Red-throated Diver, the Fulmar Petrel and the Gannet are amongst the species which have increased their numbers most strikingly of late, as reference to Buckly and Evans' book on the Fauna of the Shetlands, compiled some thirty or more years ago, shows. The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds has watchers in a number of localities. The Whimbrel alone seems to be in danger of vanishing, and it is difficult to feel that the Society, in allowing the Skuas (particularly the Arctic Skua) to increase their numbers indefinitely, is pursuing the best course. We obtained almost indisputable evidence that the Arctic Sima is only too fond of Whimbrels' eggs, and if the Whimbrel is to be retained as a British breeding-species, the Society may have to consider the place of the gun in bird-protection. Middle-agecl Shetlanders can remember the time when the Sea-Eagle could be heard daily, 'yelling away up in the far hills.' It became extinct thirty years ago, except for a single bird, unable to find a mate, which long survived the rest. The final extinction, however, of this imposing species may have been due not so much to persecution as to that degeneracy which seems even now to be threatening the existence of the two or three remaining British Kites in their last refuge in South Wales. Even though the Sea-Eagle is lost, rare and interesting species enough remain to attract the ornithologist to the Shetland Islands. M. G. ROBINSON.

REVIEWS Under this heading there are noticed or reviewed recently piiblished books or articles that possess a special A ularian interest due to their authorship or to their contents. We shall be glad to have such books and articles brought to our notice. SUMMA ABENDONENsrs. By G. Lacombe. Contributed toMelanges _71,fandonnet, ii, r63-8r. Librarie Philosophique, J. Vrin, Paris. 1930. Fr. Lacombe of the Catholic University of America has identified a group of theological Questiones in Royal MS. g E . xiv in the British Museum Library as being the work of St. Edmund of Abingdon. This MS. is a composite volume containing the Questiones of several early thirteenth century scholars. The section of it to which Fr. Lacombe has drawn attention in his article is that which comprises ff. 75-133. It contains three sets of Questiones. Fr. Lacombe only concerns himself with the first two of these, and

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leaves the third, which is ascribed in a marginal note in the MS. to Fr. Simon de Henton (4th Provincial of the Black Friars in England), for subsequent examination. In the Catalogue of lVestern .11anuscripts in the old Royal and King's Collections, edited by C. F. ',\Tarner and J. P. Gilson, this MS. is dated as belonging to the end of the thirteenth century. Fr. Lacombe, on the evidence of a scrivener's notes pencilled in the margin of the MS., is inclined to fix the date as prior to 1240. The section of the MS. which contains these Quest-iones is prefaced by a list of subjects and has at f. 198 a table of contents bearing the description Q1iestiones .4bendoii. Fr. Lacombe concludes from the examination of the fir st and second sets of Questiones that the first collection corn" prising 28 Questiones is the early version, and points out that the second collection, which comprises 121 Questiones, ' rep rend certains sujets de la premiere, et Jes traite d'une fac:;on plus ou moins analogue. Questiones such as these were the product of the formal theological disputations of the Schools and represent the determinationes of a Âˇ master to the questions disputed before him. The position of these Sum.mae or collections of Questiones in the developm ent of theological studies at the close of the twelfth century has been admirably explained by Professor Powicke in his Ford Lectures on Stephen Langton (pp. 49-74). Fr. Lacombe notes a similarity of character between the Questiones .4bendonenses and those of Langton. As regards their authorship, there can be no doubt that the scribe who in his table of contents writes Questiones Abendon, and the scribe who in a marginal note (f. 108) writes Summa Magisl'ri Abaandon, believed St. Edmund of Abingdon to be the author of thes.e two collections. In his own life-time St. Edmund was always designated as of Abingdon, his birth-place. The works of medieval schoolmen were constantly referred to in this way. It is only necessary to cite the example of St. Edmund's close friend, Robert Grosseteste, who in the catalogues of medieval libraries is frequently designated by no other name than Lincolniensis. Fr. Lacombe includes in his article a transcription of the list of subjects which is given on f. 75 of the MS., but does not attempt in this article to discuss the Qiiestiones of St. Edmund. He does, however, note that the subject of the doctrine of the power of i:he Keys is dealt with very clea'rly, and cites St. Edmund's treatment of the subject of penance as evidence for concluding that these Questiones were composed a little time after the 4th Lateran Coun~ cil, which in 1215 reformed the penitential discipline of the Church. A.B.E:

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THE' CHAINED LIBRARY. A Survey of Four Centuries in the Evolution of the English Library. By Burnett Hillman Streeter. xx+368pp. Macmillan & Co., 1931. 25s. When Sir Thomas Bodley in March, 1598, wrote to the ViceChancellor of Oxford asking for a committee to be appointed to discuss with him how best the University Library might be restored and re-fitted, three of the five appointed to form this committee were connected with the cathedral church of Hereford. The ViceChancellor, Dr. Thornton, who, of course, was one of them, had in 1590, as senior canon of Hereford, been closely concerned with the reconstruction of the library of that cathedral. It is particularly appropriate, therefore, that Professor Streeter should, in consequence of his canonry in the same cathedral church, have turned his attention to the restoration of the splendid chained library there, and then to the study of all the libraries surviving in England in which books were at one time chained. The fruit of his scholarly enthusiasm and detective skill is gathered in this most attractive and instructive volume. Professor Streeter has not only discovered many new and important facts concerning the evolution of library equipment in England from the fourteenth to the eighteenth. century, but he has succeeded in recounting his discoveries in such a way as to enable the reader to follow him from library to library and enjoy the thrill of seeing the discoveries being made. As a result of the careful. scrutiny and measurement which Professor Streeter and those whose help he has enlisted have undertaken, the book-presses not only of Hereford, but of the Bodleian and of the older college libraries in Oxford and Cambridge, have disclosed the story of the means that were devised in the medieval and renaissance periods in order to satisfy the three-fold problem that has confronted librarians, that of security, accessibility, and shelf-room. In our own library at St. Edmund Hall the oldest and the newest methods meet; for, as Professor Streeter points out, ours is the last college library in Oxford built with the idea of being chained, and the first to be built on the wall system, whereby the books were placed in book-cases backed against the wall instead of being, as heretofore, arranged in presses placed at right-angles to a,. wall pierced with windows. In the chapter which he devotes to the nine chained libraries that survive in parish churches and grammar schools, Professor Streeter describes that of vVimbornc Minster, and draws attention to the un-English design of the chains and the method of locking, which is reminiscent of the Laurentian Library at Florence. The

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origin of these chains presents something of a puzzle. It may be of interest, therefore, to remark here that this library of books was given by a former member of the Hall, William Stone, sometime Vicar of vVimborne, and Principal of New Inn Hall. The gift was made shortly before Âˇ Stone's death in 1685, but the books do not appear to have been removed from Oxford until shortly afterwards (see Canon J.M. J. Fletcher's article,' A Dorset Worthy, William Stone, Royalist and Divine,' in Proceedings of the Dorset Natural HistoÂˇry and Antiquarian Field Club, xxxvi, p. 16 seq.). On the inscription on his monument in St. Michael's Church, Oxford, it is stated that on the collapse of the Royalist cause ' he travelled in foreign lands, with much advantage to himself in sagacity and learning.' Perhaps the clue to the origin of the Wimborne bookchains lies here. A.B.E. THE FoRTU:-<Es OF A FAMILY (BosvILLE OF NEw HALL, GuNTHWAITE, AND THORPE) THROUGH NINE CENTURIES. By Lady Macdonald of the Isles. 2nd Edn. 8vo, pp. xii+ 264. Edinburgh: T. & A. Constable, 1928. This volume contains an. interesting record of the Bosville family, which Lady Macdonald of the Isles has written as the result of her researches into the large store of family papers preserved at Thorpe. The family traces its descent from Sir Martin de Bosville, treasurer to the army of William the Conqueror. Of particular Aularian interest is the chapter which Lady Macdonald devotes to Justice Bosville, who with his brother William entered St. Edmund Hall as commoners on September 6, 1671. Godfrey and William were the sons of William Bosville of Gunthwaite, who served as an officer in the Parliamentarian Army. Godfrey was born in 1654, and was left an orphan in 1662. His estates were well cared for during his minority, and it appears that after he left the University he settled at the family residence of Gunthwaite, near Penistone, and devoted himself to the improvement of his estates. In 1681 he married Bridget, daughter of Sir John Hotham, of Scarborough. Lady Macdonald describes the steady enlargement of the family property under Justice Bosville's capable management. AI.though he did some building at Gunthwaite, his plan for replacing the old Hall by ' a very dignified, well-proportioned and pleasing Queen Anne house' was never carried out. He took an active part in county affairs: besides being a Justice of the Peace he was appointed High Sheriff in 1705. He died childless nine years later, and the property passed to his brother William's second son.

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Lady Macdonald prints an entertaining letter from Justice Bosville's great nephew, also named Godfrey, written in 1735 during his first term at Cambridge. It may be inferred from the letter that it had been suggested to him from home that he should migrate to Oxford and join his great-uncle's society, St. Edmund Hall. But the young man is not for making any such venture. After telling his step-father that he had been to one lecture and had finished Multiplication and Reduction, he goes on to say:'I shou'd be glad to take Oxford in my Way, yt I may at least see that happy Place-yesterday I reed yr Kind Letter but removing from a Colledge being a thing of the Utmost Consequence, I shou'd think three Weeks too short a time to consider in ; Oxford is a place I never yet saw, neither can I hear an exact Acct of it, it wou'd be a lamentable thing if I shou'd chuse the worst Colledge, & almost insupportable shou'd I wish to return, a thing quite Impracticable, so that I shou'd be glad to keep this Tearm at Cambridge. Just Accounts of Colledges are very hard to be had, so that I . wpu 'd not trust even my old Schoolfellows, for every one speaks well of his own Society. I did not desire to go to Edmund's Hall, Halls being (as I hear) in very little repute at Oxford and shou'd rather chuse Queen's Colledge . . .' In defence of this cautious young man's unwelcome pronouncement, let it at once be admitted that 'Edmund's Hall' was a very different place in 1735 from what it had been in Dr. Tullie's time, when Justice Bosville was in residence: one has only to turn over the pages of the later diaries of Thomas Hearne, who died in the Hall two months after the date of young Godfrey Bosville's letter, to find oneself forced to admit his impeachment. A.B. E. ·

With an IntroAND THE WORLD THROUGH CHRISTIAN EYES. ductory Essay by the Rev. Canon L. Hodgson. pp. 64. B.B.C., 4d. In this illustrated booklet the B.B.C. presents an outline of the series of twenty-five lectures which are to be broadcast on alternate Sundays from l January to 17 December, 1933· It is prefaced by an excellent introducto·r y essay by Canon Hodgson, who has been asked by the B. B.C. to organize this important venture. The series is designed to give an ordered and authoritative account of the Christian faith and the Christian way of life. The lecturers whom Canon Hodgson has enlisted are very well qualified to bear the responsibility that has been laid on them. They represent several denominations. The booklet contains a useful bibliography and is \\rell worth obtaining for its own sake. A. B. E.

Goo

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HISTORY OF HrTCHIN GRAMMAR SCHOOL. By Reginald L. Hine. 8vo, pp. 68. Hitchin: Paternoster & Hales. 193r. Mr. R. L. fline, who is well known as a local historian outside the bol'.ders of Hitchin, for whose history he has done so much, has in this attractive volume traced the story of the Grammar School of the town from its foundation by John Mattock in 1639. Prominent among its Headmasters stands a former member of the Hall, the Rev. Dr. Joseph White Niblock, who presided over the school from 1819 to 1830. Mr. Hine describes him as 'a man of solid learning and decided views.' A contemporary was able to write of him that ' he greatly increased and improved the school in every particular.' From the same pen we have this portrait: 'Dr. Niblock was a short-sighted, active, stout little man; he wore spectacles and a cocked hat and was very fond of horses. He kept a carriage and pair, which he drove himself. His passion for driving was such that he would drive donkeys tandem.' The watercolour drawing which Mr. Hine reproduces as an illustration confirms this impression. Niblock was the son of a poor Irish draper at Bath, who was so well thought of by Evangelicals in that city that money was found to send him up to St. Edmund Hall, which was then the centre of Evangelicalism in Oxford. He entered the Hall in 1808, graduated in 1812, and on taking Holy Orders became curate of Hitchin, and Master of the Grammar School in 1819. Mr. Hine is able to give a full account of his headmastership, as he has been fortunate in discovering among the papers of the Wilshere family ' a bundle of Niblock's half-yearly reports and a voluminous correspondence between him and William Wilshere, who was a trustee of the school.' 'this material not only furnishes us with a lively picture of Niblock' s characteristics as a schoolmaster, but with particulars which well illustrate school life a hundred years ago. When they appointed him the trustees of the school made it clear in their instructions that they wanted Niblock in his curriculum to preserve the golden mean. This William Wilshere ' amusingly exemplified by sending the Master a basket of " strawberries and cauliflowers" every summer.' Niblock was an excellent classic and was reputed to be ' one of the best Greek scholars in England.' He was the compiler of a widely used New Improved Classical Latin and English Dictionary, of a perhaps hardly less widely used English-Latin Dictionary, and of a Greek Grammar that was in use for many years at Eton and other public schools. He was evidently progressive. In a letter to Wilshere in 1820 he writes: 'I

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have desired Dr. Walmsley to re-organise my school, as there have been improvements of late in London in the system, not known in the country schools.' He invited men of learning in the neighbourhood to come in without notice and informally inspect the school. 'Professor Lax (of St. Ibbs) with several other gentlemen and ladies of great respectability,' he tells Wilshere in 1822, ' honoured me and my school with their obliging attendance.' Mr. Hine leaves it in no doubt that' Mr. Niblock's success was due in some measure to the severe standards he laid down for admission to the school. In his predecessor's day the trustees had examined those who applied for admission and had been inclined to let in all and sundry ; but when Niblock took office he insisted that the right to examine and to admit boys should be vested in himself. More than that, he required twenty-one of the " old pupils" to resign as inefficient. He was quite willing, he said, "to instruct 200 proper children if they can be found," but he was not going to waste his powers over these one-and-twenty miserable relics of his predecessor's misrule; of whom "nine cannot read in any degree, seven read badly, one is sick, one does not attend, one has gone off to plough, one lives at Preston andÂˇ one comes at 10. 15 instead of 9 o'clock." ' It is hardly surprising to learn that from time to time Niblock's independent spirit and standard of discipline brought him into trouble with parents and with the trustees of the school, and that in 1830, two years after the remodelling of the school on a more restricted basis by a new board of trustees, Niblock decided to resign, as Latin and Greek were only to be taught 'if required,' and the sons of the local gentry who had previously been his ' parlour' boarders, and profitable to him as such, 'declined to sit on the hard forms and in the large schoolroom with the sons of tradesmen, however respectable they might be.' It does not come within the compass of Mr. Hine's history of the school to trace in detail Dr. Niblock's subsequent career. He gives, however, a brief statement of it, from which it appears that after leaving Hitchin, Niblock set up a private school at Shern Hall House, Walthamstow, which was so successful that he was able to purchase \Valthamstow Priory and transfer his school there. As a result of his continued success he moved from Walthamstow to London and presided over the London High School in Tavistock Square, but in this last venture he was not so fortunate. He was the author of Tyronis Thesauriis, published in 1825, Zion's Trumpet, in 1833, Piety and Patriotism., or The Church the Champion of Liberty, in 1835, and Mr. Hine further notes that 'to alleviate

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sorrow by mental occupation,' Niblock also edited the Textuary and Ritualist or Biblical and Litu.rgical R epertory from 1835 to 1836. Mr. Hine's researches, so far as they concern this vigorous Aularian H~dmaster, have preserved to memory a man who, writing in 1836, could say with satisfaction that he had 'engaged in the arduous and delightful task of instructing youth for more tha n a qua rter of a century.' A. B. E . OuvRIERs-PoE:TEs DE L'EPOQUE RoMANTIQUE. By H. J. Hunt. Contributed to Th e Fre:nch Quarterly, Vol. XTV, No. 3. Poetry cannot often claim to spring from working-class surroundings: and yet in France, between 1830 and 1848, a number of workmen-among them weavers, masons, joiners, shoemakers, printers and labourers-and even a few women of humble origins, made a name for themselves by writing socialist verse. Occasionally, forgetting politics, they wrote lyrical poetry of real distinction . Their fa me, it is true, has been short-lived : Virn;ard, La pointe , Poncy, Magu, Tissier, Barillot and a score of others are now, at best, half-forgotten names in French literary history. Yet, in their day , they had the enthusiastic encouragement, not only of George Sand and Pierre Leroux, themselves ardent socialists, but also of Lamartine, Hugo and Beranger. Dr. Hunt has written a welldocumented historical survey of this interesting though little-known movement, and, in addition, has selected from the works of these poetes manques-especially from those of Lapointe-a few passages worthy of resuscitation. And-most difficult task for a researcher -whilst according praise even to forgotten writers who deserve it, he ha s always remembered tha t he is treading a literary by-path. W.A.H. }AMES I OF ENGLAND AND THE LITTLE BEAGLE LETTERS. By Frederick George Marcham. Contributed to Persecution and Liberty , a volume of essays in honour of Professor George Lincoln Burr. In this essay Professor Marcham examines the thirty-five letters which James I addressed to his chief minister, Robert Cecil, under the nickname of 'My Little Beagle.' It is the first time that this correspondence has been studied as a whole. With the exception of two, the 'Little Beagle' letters are preserved among the manuscripts at Hatfield House and are unpublished. By his skilful use of their contents Professor Marcham has disclosed the self-portrait of a king who squandered the first seven precious years of his reign

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in ease and pleasure, leaving the burden of the day to be borne by able ministers whom he had inherited from his august predecessor. Soon after his accession to the English throne James drew criticism upon himself through his frequent withdrawals from London and his over-indulgence in hunting. These letters, written from the hunting-field and flavoured with the language of the chase, show clearly enough how well founded were the complaints raised upon the King's avoidance of the routine of royal business. With the consequently heavy burden of public affairs upon his shoulders, Cecil may well have smiled a little grimly when he read his royal master's description of him as 'the little beagle that lies at home by the fire when all the good hounds are daily running in the fields.' Professor Marcham's essay provides an intimate commentary on the whole tragedy of James's incompetence as a ruler. In 1612 death removed the King's faithful beagle. How ill-fitted James was to choose another, or to do without one, this essay makes very plain. A.B.E. LETTERS OF AN ENGLISH PHYSICIAN IN THE EARL~Âˇ SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. By Frederick George Marcham. Contributed to Isis, the Quarterly Organ of the History of Science Society, No. 48, Vol. XVI (1), 193!. Professor Marcham brings to light here a collection of the letters, prescriptions and bills that Mr. G. Powers of Ramsey received from his physician, John Symcotts of Huntingdon, during the years 1633-1642. The letters now form British Museum Additional MS. No. 33464. The interest to be derived from these letters is not confined to students of the history of medicine: they furnish information that will be valued by the social historian. This correspondence is in itself evidence of the means employed by a country doctor to extend the area of his practice in days when his rounds had to be made on horseback. The letters reveal Dr. Symcotts as an industrious man, persuasive and discreet, fully occupied in the business of his profession. He had the help of two assistants, whose letters written to Mr. Powers in Symcott's a bsence from home are characterized by an engaging frankness. As for .the patient, Professor Marcham has to admit that Powers was ' sparing of thanks and fees, ever ready to complain, and full of symptoms.' Gout appears to have been his chief enemy. It was the privilege of one of Symcott's assistants to pen this letter to his client:-

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The doctor is not at home, but we expect him to-morrow at night, and as soon as he comes he shall have your letter. For the pills, they have done their office, for they were but for one night's remedy. You need not wonder that your cure is no . further Âˇon foot, you may rather wonder that you were not in your grave long before this, and for the perfect cure Âˇof that which you say is in your chest, I can not promise you that it will ever be done. Yours to command, Enw. JOHNSON. How many doctors would not wish themselves free on occasion to write such a letter? Symcotts numbered among his patients Oliver Cromwell- a connexion that adds further interest to the letters which Professor A.B.E. Marcham has made available. Mr. B. Seton has written music for two songs which have been published under the title of Randel by the Grove-Patterson Publications Ltd. The words are by Sir Henry Newbolt. He is to be congratulated on his first musical composition to be published. A.B.E.

DEGREES January 21, 1932. February 13 March 19 June 4 June 23 July 16 July 30 October 13

November 19

B .A.: J. E. Beswick. M.A.: R. J. Hamlyn. B.A.: Rev. N. A. Perry-Gore. M.A.: H. Bagnall, N. E. Ensign. M.A.: Rev. J. W. Blair, L. W. Hanson, J.M. Knowles. B .A. : C . Broadhead. M.A.: Rev. C. V. Browne-Wilkinson, J. H. T. Clarke. M.A.: A. L. Clegg. B.A.: D. J. Cockle, H. Hedley. B.A. : N. A. H . Lawrance, P . Worner. B.A.: G. A . D. Calderwood, J. F. Cooke, J.M . Edmonds, J. R. Hayston, C. J. Mabey, W. W. S. March, M. G. Robinson, B . Seton, G. W. Thornhill, J.C. Yates. B.!l. G. S. Bessey, l'. J. Britton, G. S. Cansdale, N. G. Fisher, K. vV. T. Jones, J : C. Nield, D. A. H. Wright.

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MATRICULATIONS HILARY TERM. Commoners: Longridge, Peter Nevile (Clifton College). Richards, John Gerald (St. Paul's School). Horton, Richard (Oulton School, Liverpool and Durham University). MICHAELMAS TERM . Exhibitioners : Fallows, vVilliam Gordon (Barrow Grammar School). Forrest, Gilbert Alexander (Stockport Grammar School and Manchester University). King-Wood, Oliver David Coleridge William (Haileybury College). Commoners: Bell, Arthur Ernest (Royal Grammar School, Newcastle-uponTyne, and Durham University). Besley, Ian Evely Napier (Ardingly College). Bigley, Derek William (St. Edward's School, Oxford). Bradshaw, Samuel Edward (Repton School). Burnett, Roger Francis (Worksop College). Cook, Herbert Frederick (King Edward VII School, Sheffield). Cooper, Maurice Frazer (Hymers College, Hull). Edwards, Hugh Gwilym (Palmer 's School, Grays, E ssex). Fitch, Dunstan Charles Peter (St. Edward's School, Oxford). Floyd, David (Commonweal Secondary School, Swindon). Frame, John Edward (Reading School). Gillam, Douglas John (Dulwich College and King' s College, London). Hamerton, Thomas Patrick (St. Edward's School, Oxford). H a rdisty, Stanley Wood (Keswick School). Hayes, Harry Trevor (King's College School, Wimbledon). Hodson, John Henry (Cheltenham College). Holmes, Leslie Gordon (Bishop Wordsworth's School, Salisbury). Hug hes, Cecil Christen (Epsom College). Jenkins , Alan (Bi shop Vesey' s Grammar School, Sutton Coldfield). J enkins, John H arry Sefton (King' s School, Canterbury). Kennan, Lionel Williams (King ~ s School, Canterbury). Littleton, Thomas Arthur (Nelson School, Wigton).

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Llewellyn, Hugh Gwilym (Oundle School) . Luke, Kenneth Dudley (St. Olave's Grammar School, London) . Mainwaring, Brian Rhoderick Sutton (Lancing College). Matthews, Oswald John (Hymers College, Hull). Morice, Arthur Philip (Ipswich School). Nield, William Alan (Stockport Grammar School). Peiicock, Hubert Henry Ern~st (Christ's Hospital). Rees, Stanley George (Peter Symonds' School, Winchester) . Rogers, Percival Halliwell (Brentwood School, Essex) . Rogers, Thomas More Fitzgerald (Bloxham School, Banbury). Rumsey, Stephen Henry (King Alfred's School, Wantage). Sciortino, Ian Matheson (Cheltenham College). Wall, Maurice (Bradford Grammar School).

LIDDON EXHIBITION FUND This fund was instituted in 1929 in connexion with the centenary of the birth of Dr. Liddon (Vice-Principal 185g-62). So far £900 have been invested. It is hoped that this endowment may be gradually augmented so that more exhibitions can be provided for the assistance of candidates for ordination who wish to be admitted to the Hall. We very gratefully acknowledge the additional contributions that have been received during· this year : · £ s. d. Total brought forward 101 11 2 Mrs. T. K. Allen (second instalment) . . . 5 o o The Rev. J. S. Brewis (second and third instalments) . . . 75 o o The Rev. Canon W. S. Gardner (second instalment) . . . ... ... 3 3 o l\'Iiss L. C. Giraud (third instalment) o o St. Edmund Hall Chapel Offertory 2 2 o St. Edmund Hall Chapel Offertories (Liddon Society) . . . 3 10 6 St. Edmund Hall Chapel Offertory (Reunion, 1932) ... 3 8 o Messrs. Mowbray & Co. : Commission on sales of the Liddon Centenary 1 o Memoir (third instalment) .. .

ST. EDl\IU.ND HALL MAGAZ!NE

107

THE AULARIAN ASSOCIATION RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS ACCOLTNTS for the year ending June 30, 1932. RECEIPTS.

Subscriptions prior to June 30, 1931 : Membership Magazine Activities Fund

£ 6g 35

.,-

-1

s. d. 2 I J

s. d.

8 I I

132 17

Subscriptions June 30, 193 l, to June 30, 1932 : So o 6 Membership 15 19 0 Magazine 24 15 0 Activiti es Fund 121

PAnrn;-ns. Organ Fund Magazine Account Aularian Directory Printing and Stationery Postages .... Balance to be ca rried fonrnrd

So 35

0 8

I -

16 17

4 7 3 10 13 9

0 0

0 I I

£ 253

19 7 ------ -

JOHX

ALLAN,

Hon . Te·r n su rer.

Audited and fo und correct, H. c. INGLE, Hon. Auditor.