St Edmund Hall Magazine 1939-40

St. Edmund Hall Magazine \

1 939

ST. E I

~ I LJ:'\ IJ

11.\ L L. 1939.

E.EY TO H .-\LL GROUP, 1939.

Th e names a·re given jrom left to right cis viewed by the uad er .

Back Row-M. P . v\ihitak er, E. L. J ones, F. F. C lemence, V. M. W,iJforrJ, M. E. H. Su ter,.'\. F. l\l acdonald, C. de N . Hill, Dashwood, H. Arnott, P. Caulfeild-Browne, R. l>. H. D avies , C. E. B. B. Simpson, J.M. H all smith, C. J. H. Starey, Soothera n, J. M. D. Ca es<lr, N. S. Belam, l~ . J . Griffi th, D. E . D av ies, C. Grayson, M. vV . Pitt.

J. S. M. J. F. G.

S ixth R ow-C . H. J ell ard, J. S. R eyno lds, M. B. E.ennaway , J. A. Gibb, R . Ill sley, M. H . Tupper , R.R. Rylands , G. R . R. Ea st.

C. L . l{obathan, R. Mci sa ac, B. G . Sexton, J. M. G. H a lsted, J. R. C. Webb, J . S. McAda m, .-\. J. Per ry, S. C. W oodgcr, R. E . :\l·ton, \.\'. H. Huntington, C. M. Th omas. • J:.'ijth Row - R . C. T. James, A. K. Sharp, J. D. Rosser, H. D. Eastwood, J. F. Lavender, S. J. H. Smith, D . J. Holmes, H. E. P ope, J. Mc~lanners, E. L. Moor, G. H. Thompson, F. H. Pedley, P. M. Smith, G. M. V/illi ams, C. Dobb, P. D. Stobart, B. J . \Vigan, E . G. H. Turner, W. P. Sm ith , E . W. Suda lc.

Fourth Row - D. G. C. Sa lt, 0. P. Davies, D . vV. Boyd, P. S. L ea thart, A. C. J . Eastwood, }f. vV. Dittmer, A. J. L ee, G. S. T othill, M. M. H enncll, S. W. N. Phi llips , T . R. H. Cuff, S. V. P esk ett, H . A. J enn ings, K . P igot, P. W. Burgess, C. B. DeCln, N. G. Gee, D. R. J ones, K. B. H al lowes, M. R . L arson, G. W orth, C. R . B. Quentin, H. H. Pennington, I. B. Perrot t.

Thi.rd Row-':\. E. McCurry, J. H . ~S te ph ens, K ..'\. Gourlay , J .C. Palmer, P. P. Bloy, J.M . U. Robins, H. R. Durham, M. H. A. Boyd, J. R. H. Merifield, J. Hardyman, D. D. Moor, D . R. Ta.ssell, J. Lyall, A. C. W ace, J. G. Rideout, J . 0. D on ni son.

D. \~i . Allen, G. Ll. Thomas, D. C. Ke nn ed"y, J. H. P. H adde n, D. S. Morgan, D. N. F . Kempston, H . !Taberner.

Second Row-]. P. de C. Meade , J . C. E . Smith, D . A.' Becher, H. K. Girli ng, .'\. J. Ensor, E. C. C. Wyn ter , Mr. G. D. R a msay, the R e\·. H. S aunders, the R ev. R. F . W . Fletcher, J. H . Edinger (Pr esident of ].C.R.), Mr . A. B. Emden (Principal), the R ev .

J. N. D. Kelly (Vice-Principal), Mr. G. R . Brewis, Dr. H.J. Hunt, D r. H . M. N. H. Irving, A. G. Slemeck, M. S. Preston , J. H. Mayn e. H . Eyre, G. Carruthers.

Fron t Row-H. V . J ames, A. W ood house Smith, P. H. \"i. Sal t , D . V. J ohnson, E. G. Stokes, T. Ru ssell, B. B. Russell, A. R .

Lewi s, D . Erskin e, N. A. L owden, N. Bartleet, P . ·w oodhousc Srn.i.th , R. D. R . Evans , L. D. A. Ba ron , A. ~r . F owler, R. :\f. W. Powell, P. H. Mathews, :-i. J . Strachan, J. Shipwright.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE. Vol. IV, No.

DECEMBER, i939.

4.

EDITORS: 1939-40: L. D. A. BARON, Editor.

R. M. VI/. PowELL and N. G.

LOKG,

Asst. Editors.

HE twenty years of peace that our country has enjoyed since the close of the last war have been for the Hall years of progress without precedent in its long annals . Those Aularians who laid aside the sword for the pen and entered on residence here in 1919 can hardly have expected that within two decades they would see the Hall secure of its independence and proud of the reputation which its members have won for it in every branch of academic activity. \\Tith the encouragement of the outstanding achievements of these last twenty years the Hall can face with confidence the difficult days that may lie ahead for it before peace retuâ&#x20AC;˘tns again. ' God seonde heore frieond pe wordern See Eadmund,' said the monks of Bury St. Edmunds concerning our patron's name-saint nine hundred years ago. 'God shall be the friend of those who honour St. Edmund ': no better watchword can we of the Hall of St. Edmund take for our own at this time.

A.B.E.

T

DE PERSONIS ET REBUS AULARIBUS OF

T

THE

HALL

IN

'vV AR-TIME .

HE University was led .to believe t,hat in the event of ':ar all undergraduates over eighteen years of age would be immediately eligible for military service, and, consequently, arrangements were proceeded with whereby many of the Colleges were appropriated to other purposes. The Hall, it was planned, should be handed over to Westfield College, one of the constituent women's Colleges of the University of London, as one of its harbours of refuge in Oxford on evacuation. Except for the women's Colleges it was expected that undei-graduate studies in the University would cease

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

for the duration of the war. But as soon as the Secretary of State for vVar announced in the House of Commons the decision of the military authorities not to call up men until they reached the age of twenty, the University and the Colleges had at the eleventh hour to make preparations for the admission of a normal number of freshmen and for the return of a large number of second, third and fourth year men. Fortunately it was found possible to deflect from the -~Hall the feminine invasion prepared for it. But it was too late for other Colleges marked down for appropriation to elude their captors. Undergraduates unable to be accommodated in their own Colleges have had to be lodged in unappropriated Colleges that had vacant rooms to spare. During Michaelmas Term the Hall alone a mong the Colleges has had no other occupants than its own undergraduates.

The institution of a war-time scheme of studies by the University, whereby Honours men can qualify for a Special Certificate on the strength of which they-will be eligible after a requisite period of war service to proceed to a degree, encouraged an energetic pursuit of work on the part of those who kept residence during Michaelmas Term. Reduced numbers throughout the _U niversity have obliged Colleges to pair off for the purpose of games, with the result that the Hall has joined forces with Queen's. While the two Football Clubs and the Hockey Club have been accorded the use 9f the Queen's College g¡round, the Queen's College Boat Club has enjoyed the hospitality of the Hall Boat-house.

The absence of three staircase servants on National Service and the necessity for economy has led to a domestic innovation. Undergraduates in Hall, armed with dust-pan and brush, are undertaking the .care of their own rooms, while the Vice-Principal adds, at judicious intervals, to his many other duties, that of an officer inspecting quarters.

Not even the dictates of A.R.P. have led to the discovery of the legendary tunnel that is supposed to connect the Hall with the Church of St. Peter's-in-the-East. The basement under the Dininghall and the changing room under No. 8 Staircase have sufficed for conversion into adequate air-raid shelters. ' . . ~

OF

THE PRINCIPAL AND FELLOWS.

The Editorial Committee wish to congratulate the Principal on behalf of pa~t ,and present member~ of the Hall on his election as an Honorary ~ellqw of Lincoln College.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE The B.B,C. talk which the Principal gave on 'The Rise of the Uµiversities 'has been published by George Allen & Unwin, together with the others in the same series, under the title An Outline of Church History from the Acts of the Apostles to the Reformation.

The Vice-Principal preached th~ Assize Sermon in St. Masy's ori Wednesday, January 18. fyir; G. p. Ramsay is to be congratulated on having receivecj permission to supplicate for the degree of D.Phil. The subject of his thesis was' The Wiltshire 'i\Toollen Industry, chiefly in the l:6th and early 17th Centuries.'

Pr. H.J. Hunt and Dr. H. M. N. H. lrving are both Air-Raid Wardens.

OF

CONGRATULATIONS.

Cpngratulations are due to the following members of the Hall in statu pupillari: To S . R. Dunlap on proceeding to the deg-ree of D.Phil.

To T. J. Childs on having satisfied the examiners for the degree of B.Litt.

To D. J. Holmes on being placed ·in the First Class in the Final Honour School of English Language and Literature.

To J. McManners on being placed in the First Class in the Final Honour School of Modern History.

To E. L. Moor and to E. H. Nicholson on being placed in the First Class in Honour Classical Moderations .

To D. Erskine on being awarded a Heath Harrison Travelling Scholarship in German; to P. M. Smith and P. D. Stobart on being awarded Heath Harrison Travelling Scholarships in French.

To R. D. R. Evans on being awarded the Arteaga Prize for a Spanish Essay.

To G. Worth on obtaining a' distinction' in the Diploma Examination in the Theory, History and Practice of Education.

To A. W. Barnes, D. Erskine, vV. P. Smith artd P . p. Stobart on obtaining ' distinctions ' in war-time Honour Sections.

To the following members of the Hall who were placed in the Second Class in their respective Honour Schools: D. C. Kennedy (Geography); M . J. D. Carmichael, J. H. Edinger (Theology); M , J. Howarth, S.V. Peskett, C.R. B. Quentin, R.R. Rylands and P , Woodhoµse Smith (English Langu:ige and Literature); J. Lyall (Jurisprudence); G. R. R. East, :g. C. Hinson, H. E. Pope, B. A.

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Rogers, N. J. Strachan and G. S. Tothill (Modern Languages); H. E yre and H. Taberner (Literae Humaniores); N. G. Gee (Mathematical Moderations).

To D. C. Kennedy on being a ppointed to a Cadetship in the Colonial Administrative Service.

To A. G. Slemeck on rowing '3 ' in the Boat Race against Cambridge and on being elected President of the 0. U. Boat Club.

To N. E. Monie on his successful tenure of the Presidency of the 0 .U. Swimming Club and on again winning the 200 Yards Breast Stroke in the match against Cambridge.

To B. G. Sexton on being elected Secretary of the 0.U. Boxing Club.

To S. J. H. Smith on boxing in the match against Cambr idge.

To D. N. F. Kempston on playing Rugby Footba ll for the University; To P.H. Mathews, R. C. T. J ames , B. A. Rogers, C. H. J ellard, G. Worth, P. Woodhouse Smi th, M. H. A. Boyd and A. C. Wace on being elected to the Leander Club.

To C . E. B. B. Simpson on being elected to the Greyhounds and on playing in a University XV against a Cambridge University XV .

To A. K. Sharp on being elected to the Authentics.

To C. J. H. Starey on being elected to the Centipedes.

To D. M. Dobell on his playing the part of Ferdinand m the 0.U.D.S. production of The Dnchess of Malfi.

OF

THE H A LL BOAT CLUB.

This year the Hall Boa t Club has excelled itself, and, in view of its achievements in recent years, that is saying a great deal.

H ead of the River in Torpids, Second on the River in Eights , Lean der colours for the crew of the First Eight, and the election of the Captain of Boats, A. G. Slemeck, as President of the 0. U .B.C.: that is indeed a most memorable record, and one which has evoked salvoes of congratulations. Here, on behalf of the Hall, these congratulations are renewed : To the First Torpid (P. H. Ma thews, stroke; P . Woodhouse Smith, 7; R. C. T. James, 6; M. H. A. Boyd, 5; C. H. J ellard, 4; C. de N. Hill, 3; M. P . Whitaker, 2; J. R. H. Merifield, bow; A. W . Fowler, cox.) and to their three coaches, B. A. Rogers, Mr. A. M. Emmet and Mr. Christopher Pepys.

Photo .]

THE FIRST TORPID GOES HEAD. Th e H all Boat and the 'ew Col lege Boat after the bu mp , Monday, Feb. 20th.

[Rev.

f.

E.T . Phil.lip s.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

5

To the First Eight (P. H. Mathews, stroke; A. G. Slemeck, 7; R. C. T.James, 6; B. A. Rogers, 5; C. H. J ellard, 4; G. ·worth, 3; P. Woodhouse Smith, 2; M. H. A. Boyd, bow; A. C. Wace, cox.) and to their two coaches, the Rev. A. M . Franklin and Mr. G. 0.

Nickalls.

In 1925 the position of our Torpid on the river was twentyseventh. No College has ever risen so rapidly to the headship, with so few reverses experienced on the way. The Hall First Torpid has only suffered two bumps in fourteen years.

OF EXHIBITIONS.

An Examination, beginning on Tuesday, March 14, was held for the purpose of awarding one Exhibition in English Literature and two Exhibitions in Modern Languages, each of the annual value of £40. As a result of this Examination the following elections were made:K. Hardacre, Keighley Grammar School (English).

G. R. Coulthard, Bradford Grammar School (French).

F. D. Rushworth, Huddersfield Technical College (French and German).

An Examination, beginning on Tuesday, March 21, was held for the purpose of awarding two Exhibitions in Classics and Modern History, each of the annual value of £40. As a result of this Examination the following elections were made: N. G. Long, Marlborough College (History).

R. H. Witney, Eltham College (History).

Also, on the results of these Examinations, one Liddon Exhibition and one Carlisle Exhibition, each of the annual value of £40, closed to candidates for ordination, were awarded : H. W. Hinds, King's School, Worcester (Liddon). ]. P. S. Howe, Durham School (Carlisle).

P. M. Smith was elected an Honorary Exhibitioner on winning a Heath Harrison Travelling Scholarship in French.

Exhibition Examinations in 1940 will be held as follows: On Tuesday, March 12, and the two following days for the purpose of awarding one Exhibition in English Literature, and two Exhibitions in Modern Languages (French with one other language, German, Spanish, or Russian; or French only), each of the annual value of £40.

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

On Tuesday, March rg, and the two followii1g days for the purpose of awarding two Exhibitions in Classics or Modern History, each of the annual value of £40.

OF THE SCHOOLS. HILARY TERM, 1939.

In Classical Moderations: Class I , E. L. Moor, E . H. Nicholson; Class III, C. P. Walsh.

Group E: D. N . F. Kempston, D .. D . Moor.

TRINITY TERM.

In Natural Science: In Engineering Science: Class IV, J. 0. Donnison. In Chem1:stry: Part I, J. S. M. Dashwood. In Animal Physiology : Class III, C. H. Jellard; Class IV, H. V. James.

In Geography: Class II, D . C. Kennedy.

In Theology: Class II, M. J. D. Carmichael, J. H. Edinger; Class III, M. W. Dittmer, H. R. Durham, S. H. Hoffman, T. J. Morris.

In English Language and Literature: Class 1, D. J. Holmes; Class II, M. J . Howarth, S. V . Peskett, C. R. B. Quentin, R . R .

Rylands, P. W. Smith.

In Jurisprudence: Class II, J. Lyall; Class III, D. T. N. James, A. C. vVace.

In Modern Languages: Class II, G. R. R. East (Fr. and Ger.), E. C. Hinson (Fr.), H. E. Pope (Fr. and Sp.), B. A. Rogers (Russ. and Fr.), N. J. Strachan (Fr. and Ger.), G. S. Tbthill (Fr. and Ger.); Class III, J.M. U. Robins (Fr.), J. Shipwright (Fr. and Ger. ).

In Philosophy, Politics and Economics: Class III, G. Ll. Thomas.

In Modern H istory: Class I , J. McManners; Class III, M. H. A. Boyd, G. Carruthers.

In Literae Humaniores: Class II, H. Eyre, H. Taberner.

In the School of Oriental Studies: Class III, H. A. Jennings (Egn. and Hebr.).

In Mathematical Moderations: Class II, N . G. Gee. Examination in the Theory, History and Practice of Education: Parts I and II, E. G. Curtis, vV. H. Huntington, H. R. Thomas, G. Worth.* For the Degree of B .M.: In Human Anatomy and Human Physiology: M . J. Mortimer.

Group A.3: D. N . F. Kempston, D. D. Moor.

•-With Distinction.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

7

MICHAELMAS ' TERM.

Honour Sections for Special Ce¡rtificate: History 2: R. D.R. Evans; History 3: L. D. A. Baron, R. Illsley, F. H. Pedley, L. F .

Scholfield, E. W. Sudale; History 4: F. H. Pedley, W. P .

Smith, * J. F. G. Sootheran, R. H. Witney; Jurisprudence r: T. R. H. Cuff; Jurisprudence 2: J. S. McAdam, G. M. Williams; Philosophy 4, 5 and 6: J. H. Mayne; Politics r: L. D. A. Baron, R . Illsley , W. P . Smith, E.W. Sudale; Modern Languages r: C. Grayson, J. F. O'Donovan, J. C. Palmer, D. G. C. Salt, P. D. Stobart*; Modern Languages 2: D. Erskine*; Modern Languages 3: D. Erskine, C. Grayson, M. B. Kenna way, D. G. C . Salt, P. D. Stobart; Geography rand 2: R. M. Vv. Powell; English 2: K. A. Gourlay, R. C. T. James, R. Mclsaac; English 3: A. W. Barnes,* R. H. Coulston, J.B. F. Eckersley, K. A. Gourlay, K. Hardacre , M. P. Whitaker; Economics r: R. D. R. Evans.

For the Degree of B .1\I.: Inorganic Chemistry: P. J. N. Cox , C. J. H. Starey; General Pathology and Bacteriology: C. H. Jellard; Forensic Medicine and Public Health: 'N. E. Alderson, J. L. Pinniger.

OF HIGHER DEGREES.

E. P. Brice, B.Mus., M.A., has satisfied the Examiners in the Examination for the Degree of Doctor of Music.

S. R. Dunlap, B.Litt., having submitted a dissertation on 'An edition of the poetical works of Thomas Carew, with introduction and notes' for the degree of D.Phil., satisfied the Examiners appointed by the Board of the Faculty of English Language and Literature.

The Rev. E . L. Millen, M.A ., having submitted a thesis on' The Doctrine of Parousia in the New Testament, with especial reference to the Epistles of St. Paul,' was granted leave by the Board of the Faculty of Theology to supplicate for the degree of Bachelor of Divinity.

T. J. Childs, B.A., having submitted a thesis on ' An Edition of Nosce Teipsum by Sir John Davies, with a Prefatory Study of his Poetry' for the degree of B. Litt., satisfied the Examiners appointed by the Board of the Faculty of English Language and Literature. *With Distinction.

8

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE OF THE DIOCESE OF CARLISLE.

The Bishop of Carlisle (Principal, Ig13-20) has placed at the disposal of the H a ll a fund for the assistance of members of the Hall seeking ordination in 'the Carlisle diocese. The fund is chiefly intended to assist such members of the Hall towards the cost of their residence at a theological college. But every three or four years election will be made to an Exhibition t enable during residence at the H a ll by a candidate for Holy Orders who expresses his willingness to serve in the Carlisle diocese after ordination. Election was m ade to this Exhibition for the first time this year. The Hall greatly values this new bond by which the Bishop of Carlisle has linked the H all and his diocese.

OF ST. EDWARD'S S CHOO L .

During the last t wenty years St. Edward 's School has sent up thirty-six boys to the H all. The Principal, who is Cha irman of the Governing Body of the School, has recently made a new link between the School and the Hall by establishing a fund to help 0.S.E. 's coming up to the Hall who m ay be in need of financial assistance to meet the charges of a University course. The fund is furnished by a rent-charge of .£40 a year upon a house close to the entrance of the School in Oakthorpe Road, which the Principal has given to the School.

O F GI FTS.

In addition to the gifts recorded elsewhere in the Magazine, the best thanks of the Hall are due to the fo llowing donors for gifts that have been made to the Hall during the year : To Mr. S. C. Le Thicke for his gift of over sixty volumes for the Library.

To Mr. and Mrs. H. Hayes for their yearly gift of the sum of five pounds for the purchase of classical books in memory of their son, H en ry Trevor Hayes .

To Mr. G. H. Franey and Mr . G. P. W. Lamb for their gift of Lord K ennett's Sy stem of National Finance for the Library.

To Professor M. M. Knappen for his g ift of a copy of his book, Tudor Puritan·i sm .

OF THE AULARIAN A SSO CIATION.

By its g enerous g ift of .£100 the Aularian Association enabled the Boat Club for the fifth year in succession to enter a crew for the

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

9

Ladies' Plate at Henley Regatta. The Association has also renewed its grants for the support of the two Exhibition Funds which it has instituted, the one for providing Exhibitions for the sons of Old Members entering the Hall, the other for awarding each year an Exhibition in Modern Languages.

OF A SWARM OF BEES. On Whit-Monday, May 29, a swarm of bees settled in the branches of the acacia tree in the Quadrangle-surely a good omen .

The swarm was skilfully removed by Dudley Williams, one of the Hall servants. The Principal received at Christmas a pot of honey produced by these bees. His medieval predecessors might well have regarded this gift as in the nature of a food-rent.

OF MR . BEST. The fo llowing letter has been received from Mr. Best: 'I wish to thank all members of the Aularian Association for their very kind present to me on my retirement from the position of Boatman to the Hall. ' It has been a very great wrench for me to have to leave the Green Barge after so many years, but I carry away with me very many happy memories of the Hall Boat Club and it s members.

I have served it for so long and watched it grow up, and my affection for the Hall has grown with it, so that I am always remembering its old members with the deepest affection too . ' Again, thank you all for your very kind remembrance of me who am still " Best." May the Hall continue to hold its high position for m a ny years to come.'

OF OLD MEMBERS' MATCHES. Two Old Members' matches were played this year. Mr. H. K. Pusey mustered an Old Members' Hockey XI comprising, in addition to himself, the Rev. J . H. Boothroyd, the Rev¡. A. D. Browne, Mr. G. Calderwood, Mr . M . J . D. Carmichael, Mr. L. W. Hanson, Mr. C. G. Lawrence, the Rev. R. G. Pusey, Mr. J . Rashleigh and Mr. F. R. Rawes . The match was played on Saturday, February 25.

Mr. C. Lummis again contrived to bring up an Old Members' Tennis VI to play the Hall. The match took place on Saturday, June 3, and the VI was composed of Mr. I. E. N. Besley, Mr. C. \V. Boothroyd, Mr. L. W. Hanson, Dr. A . P. Kingsley, Mr. C. Lummis and Mr. J. C. Toland.

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE OF '

COUNTRY LIFE.'

An admirable illustrated article by Mr. Arthur Oswald, descriptive of the Hall, appeared in Country Life on February 1 r. It is one of a series dealing with the architecture of Oxford and Cambridge Colleges which Country Life is publishing at intervals. A special reprint of this article on the Hall has been prepared by Country L ife. Copies of it can be obtained on application to the Bursary of the Hall, for the sum of 4d. each, postage td . extra .

OF ST. EnMuNn's DAY. Owing to the war the dinner in Hall on St. Edmund 's Day ".-as not a ' dress ' occasion and no guests were invited. Even so, the toast of Floreat A ula was duly proposed by the Principal; and the loving-cup was sent round on its ceremonious circuit this year with the additional invocation - In salutem praesenf:ium: in memoriam absentium.

OF

THE NEw LrnR ,\RY.

C. M. Kelly was appointed Librarian to succeed B. A. Rogers, but as he was unable to resume residence owing to military service, E. G. H. Turner has been appointed Acting Librarian in his place.

OF NUMBERS. If it had not been for the outbreak of war, the number of resi-

dent members of the Hall during Michaelmas Term would have been just under 150. In fact, the total number of those in residence at any one time during the term a veraged about ninety-nine, five Bachelors of Arts and ninety-four undergraduates. Several undergraduates who had remained at home expecting to be called up grew tired of waiting and came back later in term; several, on the other hand, who came up at the beginning of term were called up in the latter half of term and withdrew. The number of freshmen admitted was forty.

OF THE J.C.R. The officers of the J.C.R. elected for the academical year 1939-40 are: President, A. J. Ensor; Steward, R. Mcisaac. I. B. Perrott was appointed Junior Treasurer. As A. J. Ensor expected to be called up during the course of Michaelmas Term and did not come into residence, J. C . Palmer was appointed Acting President in his stead.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

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THE AULARIAN ASSOCIATION HE Executive Committee of the Aularian Association met in the Principal's Lodgings at 4.30 p.m. on Tuesday, June 20, 1939. There were present: The Principal, Canon Armytage, Canon Cunningham, the Rev. C. W. Fullmer, Dr. Hodgson, Dr. Keene, the Rev. F. McGowan, the Rev. T. E. R. Phillipps, Mr. C. D. Walker, Mr. J. J. G. Walkington, Mr. R. Waye, the Hon. Treasurer and the Hon. Secretary.

T

The Annual General Mee.ting followed the Reunion Dinner. The Hon.1 Treasurer read the accounts. On the proposal of the Principal these were approved. The proposals for the disposal of the balance were outlined by the Principal on behalf of the Executive Committee and carried. A grant of £50 was made to the Sons of Old Members Exhibition Fund. £80 was voted to the Modern Language Exhibition established by the Association. £100 was voted towards sending the Eight to Henley in 1940, should they be deemed worthy to participate in the Regatta. The Principal read the letter from Mr. William Best, thanking the Association for the gift which they had made to him on his retirement as Boatman. The Principal outlined the progress of the Appeal.

Mr. D. M. M. Carey was elected a member of the Executive Committee to represent the decade from 1935 onward. Mr. C. J. Hayes was also elected to the Committee to take the place of the Hon. Secretary, who is a member ex-officio. The Principal expressed his pleasure that the Hon. Treasurer and the Hon. Secretary had not allowed the newly-undertaken responsibilities of matrimony to interfere unduly with their official duties. They were accordingly re-elected.

It was agreed to hold the next meeting on Tuesday, June, 18, 1940.

L.W.H.

APUD LONDONIENSES

T

HE London dinner of the Aularian Association took place at the Florence Restaurant on Tuesday, January 10, 1939. We were delighted to welcome the Principal and the Vice-Principal as the guests of the Association.

The toast of Floreat Aula was proposed by the Rev. H. Livesey, Head of Cambridge House, who said that he intended to observe strictly the Hon. Secretary's injunction not to make a speech. This did not prevent him from making a moving appeal for the Endow-

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

ment Fund, illumined by the lambent and incandescent flame of his wit.

The Principal, who was received with acclamation, told of the more recent successes of the¡ Hall. He refused, however, to make a speech, expressing the view that the occasion was more suited to conversation than to oratory. Accordingly the dinner resolved itself into an informal gathering of old friends which lasted long into the night.

There were present: The Principal, the Vice-Principal, the Rev. H. Livesey, Mr. J.C. Adamson, Mr. W. \V. J. Bolland, Mr. V. E. H. Card, Mr. F. E. R. Ducker, Mr. M. Y. ffrench-Williams, Mr. B. M. Forrest, the Rev. P. H. Gabb, the Rev. P. S. Hordern, Mr. G. E. Marfell, Mr. H.J. Mills, the Rev. K. C. Oliver, Mr. J. F. A. Porter, the Rev. E. L. G. Powys, Mr. H. C. Shearman, Mr. J. P. Thorp, Mr. J.C. Toland and the Hon. Secretary.

L.W.H.

THE REUNION, 1939

T

HE Seventeenth Reunion of Old Members was held on Tuesday, June 20, 1939. After Evensong in Chapel, dinner was served in Hall. There sat down to dinner: The Rev. Canon S. L. Ollard, the Rev. Dr. L. Hodgson, Major E. C. Priestley, the Rev. Canon W. F. Gilbanks, the Rev. C. \iV. Fullmer, the Rev. Canon P. Cunningham, the Rev. Canon A. C. Hair, the Rev. T. E. R. Phillips, Mr. H. N. ffarington, the Rev. C. vV. Fisher, the Rev. C. E. Burkitt, the Rev. Dr. A. C. Keene, the Rev. G. Green, the Rev. R. Shepheard, the Rev. H. M. Crabbe, the Rev. Canon D. Armytage, Mr. C. D. vValker, the Rev. \V. A. Congdon, the Rev. F. McGowan, Mr. H. C. Ingle, the Rev. H. H. Vickers, Mr.J. J. G. ~ralkinton, the Rev. H. A. Blair, the Rev. S. Cox, the Rev. C. A. Plaxton, Mr. D. E. Havergal, Mr. J. B. Allan, Mr. L. W. Hanson, the Rev. J.E. T. Phillips, Mr. W. V. Reynolds, Mr. f M. Edmonds, Mr. R. Waye, Mr. H.K. Pusey, Mr. G. J. Hayes, Mr. G. S. Keen, the Rev. E. L. Phillips, Mr. M. W. Scott, the Rev. G. T. Brett, the Rev . F. M.A. Farrer, the Rev. R. J. Lowe.

The toast of Floreat Aula was proposed by the Rev. Canon \V. F. Gilbanks. His reminiscences, drawn from an experience of fifty-six years in a Cumberland parish, delighted his audience, and he spoke with rare affection of his own indebtedness to the Hall.

The Principal in his reply described Canon Gilbanks as the personification of active longevity. He characterized himself as the hero of a morality pl~y who had reached the scene where dangers and difficulties beset him about. The appeal for endowment had per-

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force been launched at a time which proved most inopportune, and the response from the general public had not been as encouraging as might have been reasonably expected in more normal times. But he was heartened by the continued loyalty and generosity of old members of the Hall. He welcomed those who had come trailing clouds of glory, but regretted that the episcopate was not represented. In conclusion, the Principal recounted the past year's successes of the Hall, a long catalogue of achievement in fields both academic and athletic.

L.W.H.

THE OLD LIBRARY ITH the extension of the Old Library in 1931 and the subsequent rearrangement of the books in it, a complete recataloguing of the Library became necessary. A beginning was made on this considerable task by Mr. J. N. L. O'Loughlin. He prepared a list of all the books printed before 1641 for inclusion in the Inter-Collegiate Catalogue of Early Printed Books that is in process of compilation, but his own full programme of teaching and research, added to his duties as Librarian of the English Faculty Library, brought his work on the recataloguing of our Library to a standstill. This year I sought the advice of Mr. Strickland Gibson, Keeper of the Archives and Sub-Librarian of the Bodleian Library. After a careful examination of the Library we agreed that much-needed book-space could be obtained with advantage by a judicious weeding-out. There are few College libraries that arn large enough to have escaped this process in recent years. But the weeding out of books from an old library is a solemn and responsible business : in the past there have been grievous mistakes made when libraries have been subjected to this necessity. With so expert a librarian and bibliophile as Mr. Gibson to superintend the selection of books to be removed, I have no fear that the Old Library of the Hall is the poorer for such clearance as has been made. In all about two hundred books have been weeded out, together with a few duplicates and short runs of periodicals. The discarded volumes consist of obsolete theological and classical treatises and commentaries of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. A list of these books was sent to Bodley's Librarian with an offer to present to the Bodleian any books among them of which the Bodleian had no copy. Consequently sixty-nine volumes, comprising forty-three works, have found a new home in the Bodleian Library.

The reca:taloguing of the Library has now peen resumed. Again at the instance of Mr. Strickland Gibson, Mr. vV. H . .Beyer and

W

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Mr. S. G. Gillam, members of the cataloguing staff of the Bodleian, have undertaken the task and devoted many of their leisure hours in late afternoons and evenings to the work. They have made excellent progress, and it is estimated that the catalogue in the forp:1 of a card-index will be completed early in the New Year.

The Library has acquired an autograph letter of Dr. Daniel Wilson, Bishop of Calcutta (matric. 1798, sometime Vice-Principal), and with it ' a trifling pamphlet,' as the Bishop calls it, containing the address that he gave on the occasion of the laying of th~ first stone of Christ Church, Simla, on September 9, 1844. The letter, which is written from Simla and dated October 16, the same year, is addressed to the Hon. Sir T. M. Maddock.

I )1ad hoped that some day the name of the craftsman responsible for the beautiful binding of our l7th century Benefactors' Book (exhibited in the show-case in the Ante-Chapel) might be discovered. Mr. G. D. Hobson, a leading authority on the subject of book-binding, recently informed me that the binding is by an Oxford binder, Roger Bartlett, and is one of thirteen bindings that can be attributed to him.

The following books of Aularian interest have been presented to the Old Library during the year:-

By the Principal: WHATELY, WILLIAM (incorp. 1602): A quarto volume containing the following sermons: (i) The Redemption of Time, London, 1619; (ii) God's Husbandry, two parts, London, 1622; (iii) A Bride Bush, London, 1623; (iv) A Care-cloth: or a Treatise of the Cumbers and Troubles of Marriage: intended to advise them that may, to shun; them that may not, well & patiently to beare them, London, 1624; (v) Mortification, London, 1623; (vi) Charitable Teares, London, 1623; (vii) Sinne no more, London, 1628.

By the Rev. Dr. A . C. Keene: . LEE, FREDERICK GEORGE (matric. 1851): The Beauty of Holiness, London, 1860, 8vo.

By the Rev . Canon A. B. Burrowes: Hymns, Ancient and Modern, with Annotations, Originals, and References, re-edited by the Rev. Lours CouTIER BrGGS, M.A., of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford. London, 1867, 8vo.

The following book has also been presented, for wh!ch grateful acknowledgment is here made:-

By the Rev. S. A. C. Dickins: Le Parfait Negociant. By Raoul de la Mare. St. Malo, A.B.E. 1713, 4to.

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THE CASTLE OF PERSEVERANCE N the first week of July, 1939, eight performances of a medieval morality play, The Castle of Perseverance, were given, four in the Quadrangle and four on the steps of St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. They were made possible by the great kindness of tbe Principal, and of the Dean and Canons of Windsor, and were given in aid of the St. Edmund Hall Endowment Fund.

Rehearsals of the play began about a week after term, and as quite a number of the actors and the producer had been taking Schools, they did not b~gin with all the freshness they might have had. The play had been performed in the Taylorian by the 0. U. Experimental Theatre Club in the I?revious November, and about half the original company was able to take part in its production out-of-doors. The most necessary tasks at rehearsal were to raise the new actors to the level of the old, to unify and freshen the whole play, and to arrange the movements for the two productions, one for Oxford and one for Windsor. It was fine for the whole of the rehearsal week, and it was quite delightful to be acting or sitting about in the Quadrangle all day.

The Castle of Perseverance is a play written in a very queer dramatic convention, the history and implication of which is as neglected as the play itself. The essential point, however, of the convention is that each chief character has a platform or 'sedes,' and that the ' platea ' or common ground between the ' sedes ' isunlocalized or localized according to the character present on the stage.

The actual stage was built in front of the three doorways by the acacia tree. The centre door (where the dustbins are) was Satan's ' sedes , ' commonly known as hell's pit, and the door on the left of this was the entrance to the Castle, which was built up round the dry wall at the base of the acacia tree . Sir Covetous's platform was on the right of the stage, and he used the New Library staircase for his entry. The Flesh had a platform built in front and on the right of the stage ; he and his following came on from the back entrance to the Principal's Lodgings. The staircase on the extreme left was used by the World, who had a platform balancing that of the Flesh .

I

We had some very beautiful posters printed by the University Press. Unfortunately, poster sites in Oxford are prohibitively expensive; so we resorted to the practice of medieval players by advertising the play ourselves. Processions of sandwich men were

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formed by actors who -were not rehearsing. And. on the d ays immediately preceding the perf~r~ances we hired a horse a nd cart. On this th~ more colourful ch_aracters rode through the town in full costume " creating great ex·c itement and appalling · traffic blocks.

Our gratitude is due to t he Chief Constable for a ·permit that is not likely to be repeated.

For the performances the Quadrangle looked beautiful. It was not at all spoiled by the crescent of chairs on the grass, but seemed somehow enlarged and formalized. The grey stone took the lights extremely well, and the acacia tiee, growing from the centre of the Castle, completed a perfect setting. The weather was pretty good until V/ ednesday, the last night, when it poured with rain, on and off, the whole even ing. Consid ering that the University was not up , we had fairly good audiences. But it was very unlucky that the rain should have spo.iled our gate on the last night.

Early next morning the stage was dismantled, the platform lights and costumes packed into a lorry, and everyone set off for Windsor, some in the lorry , some in cars, and a few on bicycles.

The latter were, on the ·whole, the wisest, as every one of the cars had a breakdown en route.

Nevertheless, everyone had arrived at St. George's by about 2.30, and we began a rehearsal in the most trying circumstances.

There was a gale of a wind and gusts of rain; so that one actor could hardly hear another; added to which crowds of sightseers kept streaming through the Horse"Shoe Cloisters and coming to a standstill at the foot of the ste ps . . The afternoon, however, had its compensations. Just at the moment when a uniformed guide was pointing out to a staring crowd that the Great West Door of the Chapel was only opened· on ·t he most solemn occasions, such as the fun eral of Kings, the door opened and Roy Mclsaac in an old mackintosh. came out a nd walked un concernedly down the steps.

The depression of that evening is uni:aralleled in my memory: it poured and poured with rain, and there was no alternative but to cancel the perforinance.

BtJt the misery of Thursday was made up for by the beauty of Friday . evening. There was· still a high wind, but it was a clear night; and the lighting made the west front of St. George' s Chapel look superb. The actors were excellent and made good use of the step:S. The Castle was built across one of the stone platforms halfway· u.p the flight, .Hell was over the balustrade and the platforms of the_\fVorld and .the Flesh were at the foot of the steps at the base of two heraldic beasts . .

T 11 E P1w0txrn .

ST.\ l~ E CA HP EN T E R S.

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On Saturday for the matinee the weather was rather wet, and it looked as if the evening performance would again have to be cancelled; but it was just possible to carry through with it.

On the whole the weather had proved pretty disastrous, and at Windsor we had to contend, too, with the Centenary Show of the Royal Agricultural Society as a rival attraction.

That was a great pity, for, I think, that artistically everyone who saw the play was greatly impressed. It looked extraordinarily beautiful in both settings, and the acting was, almost without exception, very good. That week of performances added to my conviction that this play, so formidable in print, so glibly dismissed by scholars of .medieval drama, is in fact a great play, certainly the greatest medieval play in English. I must have seen it, or parts of .it, acted several hundred times, and on the last of these occasions the verse still seemed beautiful and the action exciting.

Amateur theatricals are for some reason notorious for envy, spite and petty quarrels, but far more often they show how extremely kind and helpful people are. Our greatest benefactor was, of course, the Principal, who not only backed us and let us use the -Quadrangle, but also helped us in detail, painted the Castle, drew a design for the posters and programmes, and devised God's makeup. We owe a great debt of gratitude to the Dean and Canons of Windsor for letting us come to \i\Tindsor and use the HorseShoe Cloisters at St. George's, and to the Dean himself for much generosity a,nd kindness, to Canon and Mrs. Ollard for letting us invade their house for making-up in and for their hospitality, to the residents of the Cloisters, to Mr. Maclntosh of the Office of Works, and to the Headmaster of St. George's Choir School. We are grateful, too, to Mr. E. R. Hill, who very kindly did our accounts for us; .and there are very many others who did us various kindnesses.

CECIL QUENTIN.

MIDSUMMER METAMORPHOSIS AN IMPRESSION OF THE CASTLE OF PERSEVERANCE.

D

URING the languid months of the Long Vacation the Quadrangle of St. Edmund Hall is usually one of the most undisturbed corners in Oxford. Living there under the shadow of the robinia, encompassed by flowers and old buildings, one might be forgiven for fancying oneself farther removed than one is from the ¡City's traffic and turmoil. An abrupt blow was dealt to this academic tranquillity at the end of last June, when a troupe of some thirty players, some our own people and some from other Colleges,

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encamped on our lawn and proceeded to devote themselves to the rehearsal and production of The Castle of Perseverance. Premonitions of what was to ensue were first given one evening soon after the close of term, when the Fellows descending from dinner in the Hearne Room descried, with astonished and somewhat apprehensive eyes, a band of gaily-clad young men and women gesticulating vigorously round the \Veil. Soon they had taken possession and had established themselves. As the days wore on, we became so familiar with their highly-coloured clothes and nonchalant attitudes, their echoing hammers and histrionically modulated voices, their motley chattels and even their grease-paint, that we felt regretfully conscious of a gap when their lorries rolled them away in the direction of Windsor.

Their first preoccupation was the erection of a stage, the sec" tions of which appeared mysteriously on the day after their arrival.

Under the direction of Gavin Townend (Merton) and Joan Purnell (St. Hugh's), everybody took a hand in this, whether it was his or her first job of carpentry or not, and the Hall handyman saw to it that the boards were not likely to founder under the violent movem_ents to be executed upon them. Henceforth the Bursary and the New Library could only be attained by those agile enough to Clamber over a solid wooden barricade and penetrate its protective cover of green canvas. The most tricky task was the erection of the Castle itself, which after a good deal of experiment reared its battlements on a platform surmounting the flower-bed at the base of the acacia tree. At first the walls of the Castle looked rather thin and unconvincing, but the Principal, in his desire that everything should be unimpeachably medieval, wielded a practised brush on them, and in an afternoon they acquired a realistic air of impregnability.

For a fortnight and more the Quadrangle remained the busy hub of dramatic Oxford. Cecil Quentin, his hat on the back of his head and rich blue corduroys round his legs, stalked about with thcscript in his hand, in the throes of great decisions. Or else he sprawled on the grass with some member of the cast, arguing out the correct interpretation of his part. Sometimes in this or that corner of the Quadrangle, and sometimes on the stage itself. rehearsals of individual scenes or acts took place, at any hour from early morning till late at night. Again and again the same speech was recited, the same entry was patiently re-enacted, the same postures with slight modifications were reproduced, until the mosl critical judgment was satisfied. Meanwhile, bursts of strange music came at odd moments from Jon Mayne's gramophone, as Stravin-

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sky was subordinated to medieval uses. Weird coils of electric cable began to spread themselves sinuously along the paths and into the Junior Common Room windows at the will of Jack Trotman (Lincoln) and Anthony Vivian (Lincoln). One could see feminine fingers adding last-minute stitches to make more graceful or more secure the costumes which Joan Yeaxlee (St. Hugh's) had so skilfully designed. Even when darkness had set in and midnight had struck, the Quadrangle did not regain its customary peace; for some of the Hall members of the troupe, who had resolved to sleep out on the lawn, seemed to spend the time instead recalling the achievements of the day or planning those of the morrow.

Eventually the play was produced, on three successive July evenings and one afternoon. It is an allegorical story of the life of ¡man, and Humanum Genus is introduced in the opening scene, naked after his entry into the world. The theme is the long and exciting competition between the Good and the Bad AngelS for the possession of his soul, a conflict destined not to end, in spite of appearances, until death intervenes. At first the Bad Angel, with her seduct_ive blandishments, wins the day and delivers Mankind over to the \Vorld, the Flesh and the Devil, with their perilously attractive minions. Then he seems to come to himself again for a space; he listens to the pious admonitions of the Good Angel, and' is escorted within the battlements of the Castle, there to remain under the protection of seven radiant, if rather mildclooking, Virtues. A glorious battle then ensues, for the Devil; nothing daunted, marshals his forces and conducts an assault on the Castle, with signal unsuccess. \Ve heave a sigh of relief, thinking Mankind secure; and so he is for a time. In his old age, however, he is lured out of the Castle-this is a cynical, sinister scene-by Sir Covetous, who plays on man's growing lust for money; and the grisly figure of Death transfixes him in the act of counting his hoard. There follows a final scene, in which the white-robed soul appears before God the Father, and Mercy and Peace obtain forgiveness for it. To the modern it is a tragic ending, since Mankind has so manifestly been defeated and is only saved by a deus ex machina: maybe the medieval man's more vivid sense of the reality of the other world eliminated the note of pessimism.

In retrospect the performance undoubtedly counts as a most memorable expe1¡ience. The uniformly high standard of acting and elocution, the charming setting and staging, the moving theme and the unusual degree of rapport skilfully established between audience and players, all contributed towards this result. Some features

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and incidents, of course, stand out in particularly sharp relief in one's recollection. Amongst these are the stately, colourful processions of the \Vorld and the Flesh, from Staircase 6 and the Principal's Lodgings respectively; and the magnificent figure of Victor Peskett as the World, and the rollicking, sensual laugh of Tom Fletcher (St. Catherine's) in the guise of the Flesh. Donald Baron as Backbiter leapt about the stage and spat out his evil lines with a verve which took one's breath away . Even now one feels an excited tremor as one pictures Howard Cardwell (Hertford) impersonating the Devil, his naked black body streaked with scarlet flame, his head capped with horns, and sequins flashing in his eyes .

The grand procession of Vices, marshalled and led by the Devil, past the . Well and the Junior Common Room, and round again to the Porter's Lodge for the last desperate onslaught on the Castle, was a fine dramatic conception splendidly executed. As the dark11ess developed and the artificial lighting came into full play, the impressiveness of the action deepened, some of the effects achieved being quite striking. The closing scene, in which God the Father, clad in a. white robe, his white bearded head lit by a great golden halo, appeared above the wall between the New Library and the : Canterbury Building, did not seem improbable or incongruous, but . the fitting finale of a piece rich in colour and spectacle.

The last night's performance in the Hall Quadrangle was disturbed by · heavy falls of rain, under which the exposed actors carried 9n· undaunted with remarkable courage and cheerfulness.

One of the Angels, too, was suddenly taken ill, but the spectators were unaware of her indisposition. She pulled through with the aid of a flask of brandy which had ·been the inviolate companion of the Principal through the last war. On the following morning everybody set to work at an early hour to dismantle the stage and pack up; preparatory for the performances which were to be given at St. George's, Windsor Castle. It was astonishing how rapidly it was all done, and in how short ·a space of time the Quadrangle had recovered the unruffled appearance which it usually wears in midsummer.

J.N.D.K ..

OBITUARY THOMAS ERNEST ROBERT WILFORD · The Rev . Thomas Ernest Robert Wilford, M.A., Rector of Garforth, Leeds, died on January 4, aged 65 . He was the second son of. the Rev .. R. C. Wilford. He came up to the Hall from Huddersfield College in Michaelmas Term, 1892. After graduation

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in 1900, he went to Leeds Clergy School and in 1902 was ordained to a curacy at Shipton-in-Craven. Two years later he accepted .a curacy at Northallerton. He was appointed in 1907 Vicar of South Cowton in the North Riding. After six years in this parish he accepted appointment as Rector of Garforth, near Leeds. In 1925 he was made Rural Dean of vVhitkirk.

WILLIAM ROBERT WARNER William Robert vVarner, M.A., assistant master at Kingston Grammar School, died on March 2, aged 48. He was admitted to the Hall from the City of Oxford School in Michaelmas Term, 1910.

On going down from the Hall he joined the staff of Bedford House School, but on the outbreak of hostilities in 1914 he joined the Oxfordshire Yeomanry, and served in France throughout the war.

He received a commission in the Army Cyclist Corps attached to the l / 23 London Regiment in 1916 and subsequently rose to the rank of Captain. On his appointment to the staff of Kingston Grammar School he identified himself keenly with the activities of the Neptune Rowing Club and the Kingston Rowing Club. He was Honorary Secretary of the latter club for thirteen years, and, in recognition of his good services to the club, was elected a VicePresident. No old member of the Hall has followed the rising fortunes of the Hall Boat Club in recent years with greater interest.

Whenever a Hall eight has visited the tideway, he has been ready to arrange that boat and crew should have such boathouse faciliti~s as were needed. His gifts to the Hall Library year by year of the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society have also been a very acceptable token of his regard for the Hall. His wife is assured of the sympathy of all members of the Hall who knew him.

A.B.E .

UT FAMA EST With the restoration of the ancient see of Dorchester as a suffragan-bishopric in the diocese of Oxford, the Right Rev. Bishop Allen, sometime Bishop of Sherborne (Principal, 1920-28), for the second time derives his title from an historic Anglo-Saxon see. As Bishop of Dorchester, he will, of course, continue to reside in Christ Church. He is to be cordially congratulated on his appo:ntment as President of the Council of Cheltenham College, his old school.

Sir Ernest N. Bennett, M.P. (Vice-Principal, 1892-95), <tn in¡ veterate ghost-hunter, has proved that fact can be stranger than fiction in his book, Apparitions and Haunted Houses: A Survey of Evidence, which has been published by Faber and Faber.

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The Rev. R. Bagnall has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Mary's, Hitchin.

Mr. A. C . Bailey has been appointed an assistant master at Bridgwater Grammar School.

The Rev. D. C. Barker has been appointed priest-in-charge of St. Andrew's, Exmouth.

Mr. R. 0. Barritt is to be congratulated on being successful in the Home Civil Service Examination. He has been appointed to the Ministry of Labour.

Mr. D. W. Bigley has been posted to the Customs Office, Seremban, Malaya. ¡ The Rev. H. A. Blair has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at Sherborne Abbey .

The Rev. G. T. Brett has been appointed to a curacy at St. John's Church, Meads, Eastbourne.

Dr. E. P. Brice is to be congratulated. on proceeding to the degree of D.Mus. Mr. J. P. Burrough returned this summer from Buenos Aires, where he had been coaching the Tigre Boat Club. He came back overland via Bolivia and Peru, thence by boat through the Panama Canal to New Orleans, where he purchased a second-hand car and motored to New York via San Francisco.

The Rev. R. G. R. Calvert has been appointed to a curacy at St. Matthew's, Redhill.

Mr. V. E. H. Card is in charge of the Children's Ev~cuation Camp at Sager's Croft, Ewhurst.

The Rev. C. F. Cardale has been appointed Vicar of Kirkby Stephen, Westmorland.

Mr. E. M. Carpenter, after having acted as assistant to the Advisory Economist, Harper Adams Agricultural College, Newport, Salop, has accepted an appointment with the Frosted Food Company.

The Rev. J. D. Carr has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at the Parish Church, Folkestone.

Mr. K. Vl. M. Christopher has received a short service commission in the R.A. F. Mr. D. H. Clibborn is to be congratulated on being placed first in the Examination for the Consular Service. He has been appointed Probationer Vice-Consul at H.M. Consulate-General, Genoa.

Mr. B. R. Coates has been awarded a Diploma in Education at 1:-eeds University and has been appointed an assistant master at Sandbach School, Cheshire.

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The Rev. D. J. Cockle, who has been on the staff of the Oxford University Mission to Calcutta, returned to England this year, and has gone out to be assistant priest at St. Paul's, Regent Street, Colombo, Ceylon.

Mr. A. F. Colborn has been appointed Docent in the Faculty of English at the University of Copenhagen.

The R ev . L. H. Coles has resigned the vicarage of Beedon, Newbu ry.

Mr. H. F . Cook has been appointed an assistant master at Blackburn Grammar School.

Mr. J . Fletcher Cooke has been appointed Third Magistrate at Singapore.

Mr. M. du P. Cooper is to be congratulated on his study of Georges Bizet, w hich has been published by the Oxford University Press .

The Rev. E. H. Cox, who has returned to England after thirtytwo years in Burma, has been appointed Rector of Yaxham, East D ereham , Norfolk.

Mr. N. E. G. Cruttwell is at Cuddesdon College.

The Rev . S . A. C. Dickins has been appointed priest-in-charge of St. Paul's Church, Banbury.

Major R. M. Downes has been promoted to be Senior District Officer for the Northern Provinces, Nigeria, 'and is stationed at Zaria.

Mr. F. L. W. Eade, who has made a good recovery from his recent illness, is studying hospital adm inistration at Guy's Hospital.

Mr. J. M. Edmonds, who was obliged to resign his appointment as Geologist to the Sudan Government owing to arthritis, has made ¡ a very good recovery.

The Rev. W. G. Fallows has been appointed Vicar of Styvechale, Coventry.

The Rev. P. A. H. Farrant has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. John-at-Hackney, East London.

Mr. D. Floyd has been appointed an Assistant Commissioner for National Savings, and is at Batley, Yorks.

Mr. R. S. Foster has been appointed Deputy Director of Education. for Zanzibar.

Lieut. F. H. Frankcom, Army Educational Corps, is stationed at Alexandra, Singapore.

The R ev . S. W. Harrison has been appointed a chaplain in the R.A.F.

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The Rev. R. C. Hastie Smith has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. James', Barrow-in-Furness.

The Rev. T. D. C. Herbert has been Senior Chaplain to the Forces in Northern Palestine since 1936.

Mr. R. L. H;ll is to be congratulated on his Bibliography of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, published by the Oxford University Press.

Mr. W. H. Hindle has been appointed Second Secretary at the British Legation, Budapest.

Mr. T . K . Hoey is at Cuddesdon College .

Mr. A. Holden has been appointed to the Nigerian Police.

The Rev. J. B. C. Hordern has been appointed Rector of Margaret Roding and Leaden Roding, Dunmow, Essex.

The Rev. R. Horton has been appointed Vicar of St. John's, Waterloo, Liverpool.

- The Rev. G. A. Hughes has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at Abergele, N. Wales.

The Rev . H. L. Hustwayte has been appointed Rector of Atherington, N. Devon.

Mr. P. T. G. Hutton-Wilson has completed a course in aeronautical training at Chelsea.

Mr. J. E. Jackson has been gazetted 2nd/Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery Reserve and posted to the 17th Field Regiment, R.A., at Woolwich.

Mr. A. Jenkins has been appointed Editor of The Argosy .

Major B. C. \V. Johnson is to be congratulated on being awarded the Territorial Decoration.

Lieut. L. W. Kennan, R.A.S.C., has been gazetted Captain and is serving with the B.E.F. Mr. J. du M. Kenyon has been gazetted Lieutenant, R.A. Professor M. M. Knappen is to be congratulated on his appointment as Professor of History, Michigan State College, and on the publication of Tudor Puritanism by the Chicago University Press and on the very favourable reviews which it has received.

-The Rev. W. E. ¡ Lambeth has been appointed Vicar of St. George's, Barrow-in-Furness, in succession to the late Rev. F. M. Beddow.

Mr. J. Lee has received an appointment with the Lucas Electrical Aircraft Equipment Company at Willesden.

Mr. P. N . Le Mesurier early in the year visited India, Iraq and Palestine as adjutant to the Rev. T. B. Clayton, Founder Padre of Toe H, and is now at Toe H, Kirkwall, Orkney.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

25

The Rev. T. A. Littleton has been appointed assistant priest at the Priory Church, Hexham.

The Rev. H. Livesey has resigned the Headship of Cambridge House, and has been appointed \Varden of Connaught Hall and Lecturer in Theology and Philosophy, University College, Southampton.

The Rev. P. N. Langridge has been appointed assistant chaplain to the Missions to Seamen at Southampton.

Mr. C. D. Martyn has retired from the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, N.. Borneo, and is living at Petworth, Sussex.

The Rev. E. L. Millen is to be congratulated on proceeding to the degree of B.D. The Rev. J. L. Mortimer has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Martin's, Darking, Surrey.

Mr. P. H. G. Newhouse has been appointed an assistant master at Woodbridge School, Suffolk.

Mr. T. V. Nicholson has been appointed Head of the Development Section (Passengers) for Northern Area, L.N.E.R. Mr. J. C. Nield has opened a new school at Warrandyte, eighteen miles from Melbourne.

Mr. W. A. Nield resigned during the course of the year his appointment as Deputy Head of the Research Bureau of the Labour Party to take up editorship of the K.-H. News-Letter.

Mr. J. Park has been appointed an assistant master at Merchiston Castle School, Edinburgh.

Mr. H . H . E. Peacock has come back from South Africa .to take up residence at the Bishop's Hostel, Lincoln, and after ordination is returning to St. John's College, Johannesburg.

The Rev. E. L. G. Powys has taken charge of the parish of Christ Church, Chesterfield, for the duration of the war.

The Rev. K. R. Prebble has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at Horsham, Sussex.

Mr. H. K. Pusey is to be congratulated on his appointment as Jenkinson Memorial Lecturer in Embryology in the University of Oxford.

Mr. H. A. F. Radley has returned from France, where he was ' assistant de langue anglais,' at Sceaux , and has been appointed an assistant master at Watford Grammar School.

The Rev. G~ A. H. Rainbow has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Andrew's, Monkwearmouth, Sunderland.

Mr. A. \V. Read has paid England a visit on the strength of his Guggenheimer Foundation Fellowship. After spending several

26

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

busy months in libraries h.e returned to U.S.A. on the outbreak of hostilities.

Mr. C. C. Reid is with the firm of Ellis and Fairbairn, Solicitors, of Bedford Row. The Rev. F. H. Robbs has been appointed Vicar of St. Mark's, Cambridge.

The Rev. J. H. A. Rusbridger has been appointed Vicar of Swymbridge, N. Devon.

Mr. J. E . Rutherford ¡has been appointed an assistant master at We:-t Buckland School, Devon.

The Rev. G. Sayle has been appointed Vicar of Lezayre, Isle of Man. Mr. R. Sayle has relinquished the headmastership of Bath School for Boys, and returned to the Nelson School, Wigton, Cumberland, as headmaster.

Dr. P. A. Scholes is to be congratulated that a second edition of his Oxford Companion to Music should have been called for within a year of its publication.

Mr. M. W. Scott has returned from China, where he was with the firm of Butterfield and Swire.

The R ev . E. A. Shattock has been appointed Vicar of Dormansland, Surrey.

The Rev . R. Shepheard has resigned the vicarage of Hartwith.

Mr. A. P. L. Slater has been appointed to the Education Department, Lagos , Nigeria.

The Rev. F. A. Smalley has been in England on furlough from China.

Mr. J. A. Smith has been appointed an assistant master at the County Secondary School, \11/hitehaven.

The R ev. V. M. Spence r Ellis has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at Llanrhos, N. \;Vales.

The Rev. J. C. Stephenson has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at SS. Mary and John, Oxford.

Mr. R. G. Strong has been granted a University commission in the R.A.S .C. The Rev . F. J. Tackley has been appointed curate-in-charge at All Saints', Gateshead.

Mr. J. Tait has been appointed an assistant to the Clerk of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers .

The Rev. D. R. Tassell has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. George's, Kidderminster.

ST. EDMUND H ALL MAGAZINE

27

Mr. J . S. Tennant is Deputy~Mayor for the Borough of Harrogate, 1939-40.

Mr. H. R. Thomas is an assistant master at the Royal Grammar School, High \i\Tycombe.

Mr. J. P. Thorp has been appointed senior English master at St. Olave's Grammar School, Southwark.

The Rev. A. C. Tott has been appointed Rector of Hayton, Aspatria, Carlisle.

Mr. N . Bradford Trenham has been appointed Executive Secretary of California Taxpayers' Association .

The Rev. R. J. Vaughan has been appointed to a curacy at St. Luke's Vicarage, Recliffe Square, London.

The Rev. H. M. Viret has resigned the Rectory of Badlemere.

Mr. M. Wall is an assistant master at Cambridge County High School for Boys.

The Rev. G. S. Wamsley has been appointed Vice-Principal of Cuddesdon College and also Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of Portsmouth.

Mr. C. L. Ward is articled to Finch, Jennings & Geare, Solic itors, of Grays Inn Square, and is reading for the Final Examination of the Law Society.

The Rev. C. N. Vilardle-Harpur has been appointed Vicar of St. Mary's, Loughton, Essex .

Mr. H. B. Waters, Director of Agriculture for Kenya, has been appointed Director of Agriculture for the Gold Coast.

The Very Rev. E .. R. Welles, Dean of Albany, who was on a visit to England this summer from U .S.A., preached in the Cathedral at Oxford in the morning and in Westminster Abbey in the afternoon on the first Sunday after the declaration of war.

The Rev. E. C. V/hitaker has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Matthew's Vicarage, Barrow-in-Furness.

The Rev. Canon P. E. T . vViddrington is to be congratulated on his appointment as an Honorary Canon of Chelmsford Cathedral.

The Rev. D. R. vVilkinson has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Mary's Vicarage, Swansea.

Mr. D. H. Willson has been appointed Assistant Secretary at the Imperial College of Science.

Mr. D. A. H. vVright ended up his continental holiday on the eve of war by being appointed Secretary to the British Consul at Constanza, Roumania.

The Very Rev. W. J. Wright, for many years Dean of Nairobi, has bet>Q appointed Rector of Lambourne with Abridge, Essex.

28

ST. EDMUND HALL MACJ.AZINE --------- ~ - ------

The Rev. J. C. Yates has returned from South Africa and has been appointed priest-in-charge of St. Martin's Conventional District, Middlesbrough.

The Rev. R. F. Yates has been placed in charge of native missionary work at Ermelo, Transvaal.

BIRTHS.

The Rev. H. A. Blair: a son, Philip Hug¡h, on February 28.

Mr. C. Broadhead: a daughter, Ann Rachel, on December 28.

Mr. C. P. R. Clarke: a daughter, Angela Rosemary Cowie, on April 2.

Mr. N. Dawson: a daughter, Ann Catharine, on March 18.

The Rev. W. J. Lancaster: a son, Michael William, on December 12, 1938.

The Rev. P. N. Langridge: a son, Richard Neville Francis, on February 3.

Mr. G. M. Mercer: a son, Peter Nigel, on January 22.

Mr. W. R. Niblett: a daughter, Rosalind Mary, on June 5.

Mr. H. E. Pegg: a son on May 14.

Mr. B.. J. Rushby Smith: a daughter, Kathryn Joan, on May 15.

The Rev. A. E. Smith: a daughter, Margaret Anne, on January 15 .

Mr. J. S. Tennant: a daughter, Julia Rose, on November 25.

MARRIAGES .

Mr. R. Abercrombie was married on June 16 to Miss Mary Abercrombie.

Mr. J. B. Allan was married on January 28 by the Right Rev. Bishop Allen to Miss Evelyn Mar:¡ }tunings at Chelsea Old Church.

D. W. Allen was married on October 7 to Miss Margaret Spowart at St. Peter's, Rickmansworth.

Mr. J. A. Brett was married on September 27 to Miss Margaret Coode in Diocesan College Chapel, Rondebosch, S. Africa.

Mr. G. M. Burnett was married on October 14 to Miss Joan Palmer.

Mr. M. F. Cooper was married on May 27 to Mary, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Ruffle, at the New Church, Waldegrave Road, Upper Norwood.

Mr. D. Floyd was married on July 22 to Miss _Joan Dobbs, B.A., St. Hilda's.

Mr. W. S. Mills was married on August 31 to Miss Catherine Winnington Leftwich.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

29

Mr. F. T. Okely was married on May 16 to Bridget, second -daughter of Mr. ~md Mrs. E. Branston Bradford, at the parish church, Martock, Somerset.

Mr. P. C. Palmer was married on December 21 at All Saints' Church, Birchington, to Miss Rosemarie Bainbridge-Ritchie.

The Rev. N. A. Perry-Gore was married on October 21 at St. John's Church, Ranmoor, Sheffield, to Nina Mary, daughter of the Rev. Canon and Mrs. Foster.

The Rev. E. L. Phillips was married on February 18 at Holy Trinity Church, Cambridge, to Nancy, daughter of Mrs. G. S. \iVilson.

The Rev. R . G. Pusey was married on April 18 at the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Oxford, to Miss Edith Mary Lay. Mr. B. B. \Vard was married on July 28 to Miss Daphne Shules.

Mr. T. G. C. Woodford was married on December 21 at All Saints' Church, Northampton, to Miss Joan Soutar.

Mr. D. A. H. Vlright was married on November 10 to Miss Iona¡ Craig at Galatz, Roumania.

PUBLICATIONS.

One Sufficient Sacrifice: Meditations for Good Friday. By the Rev. Canon D. Armytage. A. R . Mowbray & Co., 1938. pp: 70. lS.

6d.

Apparitions and Haunted Hous es. By Sir Ernest N. Bennett.

Faber & Faber, 1939. pp. 396. 12s. 6d.

Georges Bizet. By Martin Cooper. Oxford University Press, 1938.

8vo, pp. 136. 7s. 6d.

Bett-er English: Suggestions to African Teachers and Students.

By W. W. E. Giles and H. M. Giles. Longmans, Green & Co., 1938. pp. 64.

New Verse. An Anthology compiled by Geoffrey qrigson. Faber & Faber, 1939. Crown 8vo, with photographs, pp. 264. 6s.

A_Bibliography of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. By R. L. Hill. Oxford University Press, 1939. 8vo, pp. 213. 20s.

Tudor Puritanism: A Chapter in the History of Idealism. By M. M. Knappen. The University of Chicago Press, 1939. 8vo, pp .. xii+ SSS¡ 20s. +.

The Burning Oracle: Studies in the Poetry of Action. Ry G. Wilson Knight. Oxford University Press, 1939. 8vo, pp. vii + 292.

I2S.

6d.

History Questions and Answers, I60J-1914, for School Certificate.

By H. Moyse-Bartlett. G. Bell & Sons, 1939. pp. s2 +ix. is.

30

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Teaching Poetry. Compiled by the Society for Teachers of English (Kenneth Muir and W. Roy Niblett being two of the four compilers). Oxford University Press, 1937. 8vo, pp. vii+ 72. 2s. 6d'.

The Reminiscences of the Rev. George Gilbert ( 1796-1874). Edited by the Rev. Canon J. Shirley. Privately printed. 4to, pp. 58.

Sir Thomas More: An Anonymous Play of the l6th Century ascribed in part to Shakespeare. Edited in Five Acts by the Rev. Canon J. Shirley. H.J. Goulden, Canterbury. pp. xviii+78. IS. 6d~ The Little Mermaid. Retold in Rhyme by ' Philip Sylvester.' Martin Secker, 1939. 8vo, pp. 141. 5s.

We have gathered the following particulars concerning those Aularians who have gone down since the last issue of the Magazine: Mr. H. Arnott has received a University commission in the R.A.F. Mr. E. G. Curtis has been appointed an assistant master at Oundle School.

Mr. M. W. Dittmer and Mr. D. D. Moor are at vVells, whither Salisbury Theological College has migrated for the duration of the war.

Mr. D. M. Dobell has discontinued residence in order to enter the dramatic profession.

Dr. S. R. Dunlap has been appointed Instructor in English m the State University of Iowa.

Mr. J. H. Edinger is at \i\Testcott House, Cambridge.

Mr. M. J. Forster has taken up his appointment as an administrative officer in the Solomon Islands.

Mr. C. de N. Hill has taken up his appointment as an administrative officer in Nigeria.

Mr. S. H. Hoffman is at the Bishop's Hostel, Lincoln.

Mr. C. H. Jellard is, owing to the war, doing his clinical work, as a student of St. Thomas' Hospital, in Oxford.

Mr. H. A. Jennings is at St. Stephen's House.

Mr. D. C. Kennedy has been appointed to a cadetship m the Colonial Administrative Service for Kenya.

Mr. T. J. Morris is at Cuddesdon College.

Mr. J. G. Rideout has been appointed an Instructor in English Literature at Beloit College, Beloit, Wisconsin.

Mr. B. A. Rogers has received a University commission in the R.A.F. Mr. A. C. Wace is articled to Stone, King and \N"ardle, Soli-¡ citors, Bath.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

3i

- - - - -- ¡--- - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - -

During the year the following Aularians have been ordained : -

Deacons. - R. Bagnall (St. Albans); H. A. Blair (Salisbury); J. D. Carr (Canterbury); P.A. H. Farrant (London); R. C. Hastie Smith (Carlisle); G. A. Hughes (St. Asaph); J. L. Mortimer (Guildford); H. H. E. Peacock (Lincoln for Johannesburg); K. R. Prebble (Chichester); G. A. H. Rainbow (Durham); V. M. Spencer Ellis (St. Asaph); J.C . Stephenson (Oxford); D.R. Tassell (Worcester); E. C. vVhitaker (Carlisle); D.R. Wilkinson (Swansea and Brecon) .

Priests.- Rev. T. E. M. Ashton (Winchester); Rev. J. H. Boothroyd (Chelmsford); Rev. J. P. Gutch (Southwark); Rev. T. P. Hamerton (Manchester); Rev. J.C. E. Hayter (\!Vinchester); Rev. F. Martin (Gloucester); Rev. J. F. Martin (Durham); Rev. R. G. Pusey (Worcester); Rev. E. M : Roberts (Bangor); Rev. B. vV .

Whitlow (Ripon).

The following Aularians from abroad have visited the Hall during the course of the year: -Mr. J. H. Beeley (Nigeria), Mr. D. K. Daniels (Tanganyika), Major R. M. Downes (Nigeria), Prof. G. Wilson Knight (Canada), Mr. J. C. Nield (Australia), Mr. A. J. Phillips (Nigeria), Mr. A. W. Read (U.S.A.), Rev. F. A. Smalley (China), Dr. F. D. Walker (U.S.A~), Very Rev. E. R. Welles (U.S.A.), Rev. R. F. Yates (S. Africa).

THE ENDOWMENT APPEAL

W

ITH the clouds of war alread).' gathering, the Endowment Appeal on behalf of the Hall that was launched on St. Edmund 's Day, 1938, could hardly have been instituted under more disadvantageous conditions. But, as I explained in the Magazine last year, to have put off launching the Appeal until a more favourable time might well have meant an indefinite postponement. Considering that the University's appeal for a million pounds has only recently been brought to a close and that during the last two years successive appeals to the nation at large have been made for the relief of distress among war-stricken and persecuted peoples in Europe and Asia, I think that the Hall has reason to be most grateful that its Appeal for Endowment has made a by no means inconsiderable beginning. I have already expressed the b~st thanks of the Hall individually to everyone who has responded to the Appeal, but I am glad of the opportunity which the Magazine gives me to reiterate that appreciation. The response that has been made from Aularian sources has been, as always, most encouraging.. But from

32

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

outside the fami ly circle of Aularians, past and present, there have come not a few most gratifying tokens of sympathy with the • Appeal, accompanied often by letters no less gratifying.

The war has inevitably brought further progress with the Appeal to a standstill, but I hope that with the return of peace the Appeal may go forward again and win fresh supporters. At the present critical juncture lack of endowment p laces the Hall in a more precarious posit:on than any of the endowed Colleges . But I am confident that the vitality which the Hall has shown since last it was obliged to face the ordeal of war is proof enough that it will not fail in t he end to find sufficient friends to fortify it with financial resources no less substantial than those which the Colleges have derived from their founders.

A.B.E.

£

Total brought forward 1293 tMr. J.C . Adamson *Rev . H . M . Ainscow ... *Mr. J. B. Allan (£6 6s .)

I ·*tMrs . T. K . Allen (£8 8s.) *j-Rev. Canon D . Armytage (£42) 5 Dr. W. Arnott .. .

IO *Rev. L. C. Baber (£4 2s. 6d.)

2 tMr. H. Bagnall .. .

2 Mrs . K . M . Barrow Mr . G . Baskerville Rt. Hon. The Earl of Belmore 5 Mr. P . V. M. Benecke ...

50 *Rt. Rev . the Bishop of Bermuda (£10 10s .) ..

5 ·*Rev. J. W . Blair (£2 5s.)

Mr. C . H. Blakiston Lt.-Col. A. B. Blaxland 2 Dr. J. Bonar 2 Mr. W . V . Brelsford ...

2 *Rev. G . T. Brett (£3 1s.)

I Mrs. L. Brett 5 Mr. ·G: .R . Brewis (£50) 25 Prof. J. L. Brierly 3 Mr. V. C. H. Brown 2 ·*Rev. F. Buchanan (£5 5s.)

3 tRev. W. L. Bunce (£4) Cambridge and Oxford Society, Tokio Mrs . CeCil Carey 5 M r . D. M. M . Carey and others 20 E . P. Carter 2 tMr. T . J. Childs (£10) .. .

5 Rev . A. W . Chute I Mr. A. B . Codling I Mr. A. F. Colborn 4 *Rev. L H. Coles (£6 6s.)

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33

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE Mr. J . Fletcher Cooke ...

Dr. G. G. Coulton *)-Rev. H. M. Crabbe (£4 4s .) .. .

Hon. A. H. S. Cripps .. .

Mrs. Charlotte Currie .. .

Rev. G. H. Daniell-Bainbridge *)-Mr. D . K. Daniels (£7 7s.) fMr. H . J. T . Day Rt. Hon. Lord Desborough, K.G., G.C.V.O. Rev. Canon G. H. Doble .x : *t Rt . Rev. the Bishop of Dorchester (£35) Major R. M. Downes ...

Rev . H. G. Egg·leton . ..

Mr. E. P . M. Elliott *i-Mr. A. E. Ellis (£3 l3s . 6d.)

Rev. F. M. A. Farrer ... *)-Mr. H. N. ffarington (£20) ...

Mr.J.B.Firth ...

Rev. R. St. J. Fisher ...

Rev. Canon M. H. Fitzgerald tRev . R. F . W . Fletcher *i-Rev. P. F. Forbes (£4 2s.) ... i-Mr. B. M. Forrest (£3) *)-Mr. G. H. Franey (£12 l2s .)

Rev. A. H. Franklin *i-Dr. P . T. Freeman (£8 8s .) ... *Rev. C. vV. Fullmer (£m ms.) *Rev. P.H. Gabb (£r rrs. 6d .)

Mr. M. W . Gallop . *Rev. Canon vV. F. Gilbanks (£20) *Rev. T. W. Gilbert (£2 rrs. 6d.) !Rev. H. S . Glover Sir Josslyn Gore-Booth, Bart .

Lady Mary Gore-Booth Rev. G. Green ... *Mr. H. F. Green (£9) .. .

Rev. M. D. Grieve *Rev. W. L. Guyler (£2 2s .) .. . i"Rev. R. A. Hadenfeldt (£5) .. . i"Rev. T . P . Hamerton (£4 4s.) *i-Mr. L. W. Hanson (£18 ms.)

Rev . R . H. Hawkins ...

Mr . C. J. Hayes Rev. T. D. C . Herbert ... *i"Dr. C. R. Hiscocks (£2 ros.)

Rev . Dr. L. H odgson ... *Rev. J. H. Hodson (£1) i"Mr. A. G. Hopewell Mr. J. F. Hopkinson .. . *i"Rev. S. A. Howard (£35) i"Mr. C. C. Hughes ... ·* t Mr. H. C . Ingle (£240) Dr. H . M . N. H. Irving

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34

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Rev. A. R. Janes Mr. and Mrs. \V. G. Jarvis «·Rev. J. L. Jenkins (£15 10s .)

J.C .R . , St. Edmund Hall *Rev. Dr. A. C . Keene (£12 I2s. ) Mr. J. W. King (£2 2s.) tMr. A. P. Kingsley Prof. G. \ 1\T. Knight *tMr. E . C. Lamb (£7) .. .

Mr. P. G . Langhorne .. .

Rev. R. N. Lawson *tRev. H. Livesey (£7 2s.) tRev. G. H. D. Lovell (£2) t Rev. R . J. Lowe (£I Is .) *tMr. J. C. W. Ludlow (£4 ros.)

Mr. J. Lyall * tRev. LI. R. McDermid (£6) ...

Mr. B. R. S. Mainwaring tRt. Hon. Lord Meston, K.C.S.I. «·tMr. V. W. Miles (£6) ...

Rev. H. J. Miller Mr. H. J. Mills ...

Mr. W. H. Mitchell (£5 2s.) .. .

-;-Rev. A. McL. l\furray (£3) .. .

Rev. R. R. Nattrass ... *Mr. J. C . Nield (£4 4s.)

Very Rev. the Dean of Norwich Mr: G. O'Hanlon -K· tRev . K. C. Oliver (£3) *Mr. R. S . Orchard (£3 9s.)

Lieut. H. R. Orton tMr. P. C. Palmer (£2) Mr. S. F . Parsons (£4 4s.)

Mr. H. A. Phillips (£1 IIS. 6d.)

Major E. C . Priestley ... tMr. H. K. Pusey (£2 2s.)

Mr . F. R. Rawes Mr. F. Ray Mr. R. E. Raynor Mr . C. C . Reid .. . tMr. W. V. Reynolds (£2 10s.)

Lady Rich ·*tMr. A. W. U. Roberts (£I 10s.)

Rev. E. Royle ...

Rev. S. H. Rum sey Mr. J. E. Rutherfo rd ...

Mrs. St. John Gore * tMr. P. J. Sandison (£I2) tRev. G. F. Seaver (£4) *tRev. C. C . Shaw · *tMr. R. Sim (£48Q) ·* Rev. A. E . Smith (£4) *Rev . C. H. Sutton (£I 6s.)

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35

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE Mr. J. P. Thorp Rev. A. C. Tott ..

Rev. H. H. Vickers Mr. M. P. Vidal-Hall -:fj-Mr. C. D. Walker (£7) Mr. R. \Varwick Bond Rev. R. B. White Rev. B. J. Whitlow Mr. and Mrs. G. M. \Villiams Mrs. H. H. vVilliams . . . ~'Rev . T. E. Williams (£3 3s.) ·;- Mr. A. T. de B. Wilmot Mr. P. vVitherington ...

Very Rev. the Dean of Worcester Mr. G. Worth ... *·i-Mr. D. A. H. Wright (£2 l2S. 6d.)

Rev. Canon T. vV. Wright *j-Rev. R. F. Yates (£2 2S .) '"°1-Mr. P. Young (£13) Miscellaneous Receipts Profit from Sale of An Oxford Hall in Medieval Times Interest on Deposit

s. d.

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* Denotes previous subscriber to Endowment and Extension Fund, 1932-38. +Denotes subscription by Banker's Order. :;: Denotes subscription under Deed of Covenant.

THE WAR

T

HERE is printed here as full a list as we have been able to compile of those Aularians who are serving with the Armed Forces of the Crown. The list is certainly not complete, and, owing to the requirements of the Censorship, the particulars contained in it are necessarily bare. I hope, however, that Aularians on military service will keep me informed of their changes of address and of their promotions. I am arranging that as full and as up-to-date a list of addresses as possible shall be kept filed in the Bursary, and will at any time gladly send to any Aularian the addresses of any of his contemporaries who are on military service. To all Aularians, past and present, who are serving I send on behalf of the Hall very cordial greetings and good wishes.

A.B.E. J.C. Adamson, Gunner, R.A. J. N. Appelbe, Gunner, R.A., B.E.F. N. Bartleet, Ordinary Signalman, R.N.V.R. Rev. G. H. Bateman, Deputy Assistant Chaplain-General, B.E.F.

36

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE H. B. D. Beales, 0 .C.T. Regt., R.A. T. R. Beatty , Commander, R .N .

D. A. Becher , Private, I.T.C ., D evonshir,e R egt.

I. E. N. Besley, Lieut., R.A.S.C ., B.E.F. A. B. Blaxland , Lieut.-Colonel, 0.B.E., Indian Army.

P. P. Bloy , Private, I.T.C. , O xford & Bucks Light Infantry .

M. H. A. Boyd, O.C.T.U., R.E .

P. VV. Burgess , Gunner, R.A. G. M. Burnett, Lance-Sergeant, R. A. R. F. Burnett, Private, I.T.C., Oxford & Bucks Light Infantry . ] . P. Burrough, O.C.T.U., Royal Corps of Sig nals. · G. V . Carlin, Lieut.-Command er, R .N.V.R. G. Carruthers, 0.C.T.U., Infa ntry.

B. W. Cave-Browne-Cave, O.C.T.U., Infantry.

K. W. M , Christopher, Pilot-Officer, R.A.F. A. R. Cla rk, Sub-Lieut., R.N .V. R. J. H. T. Clarke, Lieut. , R.A.S.C. F. F. Clemence , 0.C.T.U. R ev. S. Cox, Chaplain to the Forces .

T. R. H. Cuff, Private, I.T.C., Devonshire Regt.

D. E. Davies, O.C.T.U., Royal Welch Fusiliers.

R. P. H. Davies, Gunner, R. A. F. W. D awson, West Yorks Regt., Light Infan try .

J. 0. Donnison, 0.C.T .U., Royal Corps of Signals.

J. W. Dowding, 0.C.T.U., R. A. H . R. Durham, O.C.T.U., Royal Military College.

G. R. R. East, Gunner, R.A. A. C. J. E astwood, 0.C.T.U., R .A. H . G. Edwa rds, Lieutenant, Royal Tank R egt.

R . D.R. Evans, 0.C.T.U., Infantry.

M . Y. Ffrench-vVilliams, Ordinary Signalman, R .N.V. R. F. H. H. Finch, Cadet Company , R.A.S.C. B. M. Forrest, Lieut., King's Shropshire Light Infan try.

A. W . Fowler, Private, Infantry Training Unit.

F. H. Frankcom, Lieut. , Army Educational Corps.

H. Gore-Booth, O .C.T.U., Infantry.

J. H.P. Hadden, Officer-Cadet, Royal Fusiliers, Royal Military College. · Rev. S. W. Harrison, Chaplain, R.A.F., B.E .F. C. J. H ayes , Captain , R.A.S.C. , B.E.F. E. A. H. Heard, Sergeant, Field Security Police, B.E.F. R ev. T. D. C. H erbert, Chaplain to the Forces.

A. E. Hill, Flight-Lieutenant, R.A.F., Egypt.

R ev. J. N. C . Holland, Chaplain, R .N .

D. J. Holm es, 2nd Lieut., Royal Marines.

J. F. Hopkinson, Major, The Border Regiment, B.E.F. A. C. Hordern, Captain, The R oyal Warwickshire Regt.

R ev. P. S. Hordern , Chaplain to the Forces.

R ev. R. L. Hordern, Chaplain to the Forces.

R ev. T. H . Horsfield , Chaplain, R.N. E . E. Hug hes, Lieutenant, Royal Tank Regt . . J. R. Hug hes, Sapper, R.E. ]. W. Hurford, 2nd Lieut ., R .A. S.C.

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J. E. Jackson, 2nd Lieut., R .A. B. C. vV. Johnson, Major, O.B.E., T.D., The King's Shropshire Light Infantry.

Rev. J. N. Keeling, Chaplain, R.A.F., Egypt.

D. N. F. Kempston, 0.C.T. Regt., R.A. L. W. Kennan, Captain, R.A.S.C., B.E.F. J. du M. Kenyon, Lieut., R.A., B.E.F. J. W. King, Lance-Bombardier, R.A. Rev. W. ]. Lancaster, Chaplain, R.A. J. F. Lavender, 2nd Lieut., The King's Shropshire Light Infantry .

R. M. A. Lawson, Gunner, R.H.A. Rev. R. J. Lowe, Chaplain, R.N. C. Lummis, Lance-Sergean t, R .E .

J. Lyall, 2nd Lieut., R.A. J. McManners, Private, Infantry Training Unit.

G. E. Marfell, 2nd Lieut., Royal Corps of Signals.

P. H. Mathews, Officer-Cadet, O.C.T.U., Royal Corps of Signals.

A. H. Mead, Lieutenant, The Sherwood Foresters, B.E.F. G. J.P. Merifield, Probationary Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R. J. R. H. Merifield, Sergeant, R.A.F. W. H. Mitchell, 2nd Lieut., Oxford & Bucks Light Infantry.

N. E. Monie, O.C.T. U., Royal Corps of Signals. ¡ D. S. Morgan, O.C.T.U ., Infantry.

L. A. Mosdell, Gunner, Sussex Yeomanry.

F. R. Mountain, \Vriter, R.N .V.R. H. Moyse-Bartlett, Lieut., Royal Corps of Signals, B.E.F. E. H. N icholson, 2nd Lieut., R.A.S.C. T.V. Nicholson, Capta in, R.A.S.C., B.E.F. F. T . Okely, Lieut., R.A.S.C., Malta.

Rev. K. C. Oliver, Chaplain to the Forces, R.H.A. H. R. Orton, Lieut., R .A,S .C., Palestine.

J. C. Palmer, Midshipman, R.N.V.R. H. H. Pennington, 0.C.T.U., R.E. S. V . Peskett, 2nd Lieut., Royal Marines .

K. Pigot, Fusilier, Training Depot , Lancashire Fusiliers.

M. W . Pitt, Private, Infantry Training Unit.

L. T. Podmore, 2nd Lieut., Royal Marines.

R. M. W. Powell, O .C .T.U ., R.E .

M. S."Preston, 2nd Lieut, Oxford & Bucks Light Infantry.

E. C. Priestley, Major, O.B.E., Army Educational Corps, Royal Military College.

J. J. Quinn, 2nd Lieut., R. A.S. C. H. A. F. Radley, Private, Infantry Training Unit.

Rev. F. N. Robathan, Chaplain to the Forces.

F : G. Roberts, Aircraftsman 2nd Class, Balloon Barrage, R.A.F. B. A. Rogers, Pilot-Officer, R.A.F. T. M. F. Rogers, Acting Corporal, R.A.F. J. D. Rosser, Officer Cadet, R.A.C., Roya:! Military College .

J.C. Rowley, Captain, R.A.S .C. R.R. Rylands, O.C .T.U., Infantry.

38

ST. EDMU N D H ALL MAGAZINE Rev. G . Sayle, Chaplain to the Forces.

R ev. J . M. Scutt, Chaplain, R.A.F. J.C. C. Shapland, Capt., R .A.S.C. A. K . Sharp, 0.C.T.U., Royal Military College.

G . L. H . R. Sheild, 2nd Lieut. , Black Watch Regt.

J. Shipwright, Private, I.T.C . , Worcestershire Regt.

A. G . Slemeck, Probationary Sub-Lieut., R.N.V. R .

S. J. H. Smith, O.C.T.U., Roya l Military College.

R. G. Strong, Lieut. , R.A.S .C ., B.E.F .

M. E. H. Suter, O.C.T.U., Royal Military College.

J. S. Tennant, Captain, West Yorkshire Regt.

D. M. Thomas, Corporal, Royal Army Ordnance Corps.

B. E. Toland, Lieut., The Leicestershire Regt.

W. Wallace, R. A. C. P. Walsh, 0.C.T.U., R.E. A . W . W. Watson, O .C.T.U ., The Cheshire Regt.

M. P. Whitaker, O .C.T.U., R.A.C. V. M. Wilford, Oi1icer-Cadet, 0 .C .T.U., R. A .

J. S. Wynne, R .N .V.R. Rev. Dr. E. E. Yelv er ton, O.B. E ., Chaplain to the Forces.

Hall Servants: J. Dudgeon, Sergeant, Oxfo rd & Bucks Light Infantry.

D. \IV . Filer , Sergeant, City of London Yeomanry .

F. H arper, Regimental Quartermaster Sergt., · Field Ambulance , R.A.M.C., B. E.F. C. W oodward, Gunner, R.A., B.E.F.

AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE HALL, 16 75- 19 I 4 N succession to Dr. Tullie as Principal the Provost and Fellows of Queen's by arrangement w ith the \!Varden and Fellows of New College appointed Stephen Penton, a former Fellow of the latter College. Preliminary to his appointment Penton had resigned the rectory of Tingewick, Bucks, a New College living, on the understanding that the next presentation to the living would be given to the Queen's College. Pento n's chief undertaking as Principal was the building of the Chapel and Library . In order to raise the requisite funds he did not hesitate to make a beginning by selling all the silver plate, to the value of £ r 87, that had been presented to the Hall during the principalship of his predecessor by members on going down . Penton himself gave generously , and cont ribution s amounting to a little over £soo were received from members of the Hall, past and present, and from other well-wishers of the work ; but, even so, Penton found that he had over-estim ated his ability to

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meet the full cost of the building. In March, 1684, he resigned the principalship on account of ill-health, and found retirement in the quiet vicarage of Glympton, near vVoodstock. Thomas Hearne, who never errs on the side of leniency , writes of Penton: 'He might have had other Preferment if he had pleas 'd; but he always declin'd Greatness, being a truly Honest, good Man, & an Excellent Scholar, & of so good & facetious a temper (wthout Reserve) yt he was belov'd by all that knew him.' 1 But Andrew Allam, who was Tutor and Vice-Principal under Penton, thought that Penton's administration compared poorly .with that of Tullie. He complains of his changeableness and liking for experiment. ' In a short time,' he avers, ' we ran after all ye idle whims which could possibly be hatch 'cl by ye many labours and throes of an humersome and peevish brain.' 2 In particular Allam was aggrieved at the preference shovvn

by Penton for ' an inconsiderable set of gentlemen commoners, now his only darling creatures,' with the result, he claims, that whereas the Hall in Tullie's time had 'receiv'd generally 60 and sometimes more of all ranks, by these means is dwindled into less yn halfe so many.' The evidence of the buttery books certainly shows that in 1681-2 seven out of the eleven undergraduates admitted to the Hall were gentlemen-commoners. It is true, too, that a decline in numbers had set in, but other Halls were also beginning to experience a similar shrinkage, and in fairness to Penton it needs to be pointed out that the decline in numbers at St. Edmund Hall elates from the closing years of Tullie's principalship. In the year 1674-5 the number of matriculations had dropped to twelve. U ncler Penton it rose to twenty-two in 1676-7 and did not drop below twelve until 1680-1 ; but by the last year of his principalship it had fallen as low as four.

In succession to Penton the Queen's College elected Thomas Crosthwait, a Fellow of the College, but the Vice-Chancellor declared his appointment void ' for his having neglected to subscribe the Declaration against taking up arms required by the Act of Uniformity.' Elected again by a majority of the Fellows, he was once more refused admission by the Vice-Chancellor. On the ViceChancellor 's action being upheld by the Visitor of the College, the Provost and Fellows proceeded to a new election and appointed a former Fellow of the College, Dr. John Mill, rector of Blechingdon. 3 1 ¡ Hearne's Collections, i.298. In 1693, on bis appointment as Rector of Wath and Prebendary of Ripon, Penton resigned the living of Glympton.

2

3

Bod!. Libr., Tanner MS . 454, f. 142.

_Magrath, ii. l 14; Bodi. Libr ., Tanner MS. 454, f. 22. The trouble over th e elect10ns of Crosthwait was aggravated by strained relations between Provost Halton and some of the Fellows. The Provost's papers concerning the dispute, marked' Negotiuni Appellationis Dris Halton contra Socios,' are preserved in the Queen's College Archives.

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Mill had the reputation of being ' a ready extempore Preacher ' 4 and had at an early age been appointed a chaplain-in-ordinary to Charles II. He had a lso attracted the attention of Bishop· Fell as having 'a good warm impetuous Inclination to Studies and Labor,' and at his suggestion had embarked upon ' the laborious Task of giving a new Edition of the Greek Testament with various lections .'

This great undertaking continued to absorb his attention after he became Principal; so much so that ' he had not leisure to attend to the Discipline of the House, which rose and fell according to hi s different Vice-Principals ' - an opinion recorded by the most eminent of them, White Kennett, subsequently Bishop of Peterborough.

In a valuation of the Headships of Colleges and Halls made abe-ut this period it was estimated that the principalship of St. Edmund Hall was worth £30 a year. 5 To supplement the exiguous income which the principalship brought them, Principals of the Hall, in accordance with accepted practice within the University, had since the reign of Elizabeth, as has already been noted, ordinarily held one or more benefices. The consequent absences of the Principal had made the post of Vice-Principal a necessary and responsible one. It is evident that in the seventeenth and in the two succeeding centuries the fortunes of the Hall depended in no small degree upon the choice made of the Vice-Principal. Hearne record s that on \iVhite K,ennett leaving the Hall in 1695, on his appointment as rector of Shottesbrook, some undergraduates migrated from the Hall to Lincoln College, and he criticizes Mill for taking ' successively three Vice-Principals from other places, viz. Mr. Milles in room of Dr. Kennett, when there were several of the Hall who would have accepted of it.' Hitherto it had been customary for a resident graduate of the Hall to be appointed Vice-Principal, and it was expected, so it would appear, that the chqice would be determined by seniority. Whatever his reason for making the change may have been, Mill's action was the more liable to criticism from members of the Hall, as several of the Vice-Principals and Tutors whom T ullie and Penton had appointed from among graduates of the Hall were able men who won a good reputation in other fields.

4 Hrit. Nfos ., Lansdowne NIS. 987, ff. 187, 18r, from a biographical note by Bishop Kennett.

5 Bodi. Libr., Tanner MS. 338, ff. 203-204v, printed by Gutch in Collectanea Cwriosa, i. 191-5. This valuation is unda ted, but it would seem from the watermark of the paper and from internal ·evidence that it was drawn up between 1685 and 1695. The principalship of Magdalen Hall is said to be worth £60 a year, those of Hart Hall, New Inn H all and St. Mary Hall £Jo, Gloucester Hall £20, and St. Alban Hall £10.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE Such were John March, Andrew Allam, Sir Richard Blackmore, and Thomas Tullie, Dean of Carlisle, son of the Principal. So, too, was \iV'hite K ennett, whom Mill had him self appointed Vice-Principal in 1691 and who was the las t member of the Hall to be appointed Vice-Principa l for m any yea rs. Two of the Vice-Principals whom Mill appointed from outside the Hall, Thomas Milles of Wadham College, s ubsequently Reg ius Professor of Greek and Bishop of vVaterford an d Lismore, and Robert Pearce of Lincoln College, both suffer much disparagement in the pages of Hearne 's diaries .

It is not possible to ascertain how many graduates, in addition to the Vice-Principal, acted from time to time as tutors of the Hall: indeed the names of the Vice-Principa ls during the fi rs t half of the seventeenth century a re not a ll known . Tutors, it would seem, continued, as in the m iddle ages, to be chosen from graduates of the Hall who remained in residence for the purpose of studying for the higher degrees. At the beginning of Dr. Mill's principalship there appear to have been four Masters of Arts in residence besides the Vice-Principal.

Another change made by Mill was the abolition of the Act Supper. 6 Hitherto, on their inception as Masters of Arts, graduates . of the H a ll, in accordance with long-established usage in the University, had contributed 'to make up a competent Act Supper.' 7 In place of the supper Mill required all Masters of Arts to make an extra contribution of 20s . towards the purchase of books for the Hall Library, over and above the paym ent of 20s. for the same object which since Dr. Tullie's time a ll members of the Hall had been required to make on proceeding to a degree. 8 On his appointment a s Principal, Mill lost no time in setting about the completion and equipment of the Chapel and Library which hi s predecessor had been obliged to leave unfinished.

The reputation of the Hall continued to stand high . 'The great Honour I have for yo ur Person, and the no less good R eport I have heard of the Discipline of your Hall have invited m e to send a Son unto yo u ': 9 in these terms Sir Daniel Fleming addressed Dr. Mill, when in 1688 he entered at the Hall hi s son George , subsequently Bishop of Carlisle .

The correspondence which passed between George Fleming and his father wh ile he was a t the University furnish interesting par6

B odi. Libr., R aw linson MS. D .3 r6, f. 6v.

Customes of Edmund Hall,' c. 1631, in Oxf. Univ. f!rchives, Visitationes Aularum.

8 Th e Fl emings in Oxford (O .H. S.), ii.281, iii.19I. 9 Ibid., ii .2 12.

7 '

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

ticulars of the life of an undergraduate at the Hall during the closing years of the seventeenth century. On admission Fleming was placed 'under the tutorige of the Vice-Principal, Mr. Codrington, who is very sober, civil, diligent, and a laborious man,' and was given by him a lecture in logic daily. 10 In his letters to his father he reports from time to time the subsequent course of his studies and renders detailed accounts of all his disbursements. During his first year his total expenditure, including clothing and books, amounted to £34 l2S. lld., and during the three remaining years of his residence it rose by about £ro each year. He spent all his vacations at Oxford except one, and then Dr. Mill wrote to his father expressing regret that ' we are to part with one of the best and most exemplary Scholars we have, for a whole vVinter.' 11 In the year that George Fleming entered the Hall the number of undergraduates matriculated amounted to ten, but only twice again during Mill's principalship, in 1692-3 and 1694-5, was this figure reached. After 1691 the matriculations each year only averaged about five. It was particularly unfortunate that Mill should have been ill-served by his Vice-Principals at a time when the completion of his edition of the New Testament in Greek was monopolizing his attention. Moreover, in 1705 he was appointed by the Crown a Prebendary of Canterbury. In June, 1707, his great work was published; but he had overtaxed his strength, and within a fortnight he had an apoplectic seizure at his rectory at Blechingdon and died.12 Hearne detested Mill's Whiggisrn and was quick to note that in his Lodgings alone in Oxford were illuminations to be seen in celebration of Marlborough's victories, but he was not blind to his rnerits. 13 ' He has left,' so runs the entry that he made in his diary at the time, ' the Character behind him of a Learned Divine, a charitable Man to the Poor, and in several respects of a Publick Spirit.' Mill died intestate; but Hearne had reason to think ' that had he made a ViTill he would have been a very great Benefactor to the Hall.' 14 The Provost and Fellows of Queen's experienced some little difficulty in filling the principalship, ' none of the College being willing· to accept it (the Hall being but thin at present) unless upon very considerable Terms of Advantage from the College . ' 15 At length it was arranged that if one of their number, Thomas Pearlo Ibid ., ii.217.

12 Hearne's Coll ections, ii.22.

1 4 Bodl. Libr., Rawlinson MS. D.316, f. 6v.

15 Hearne}s Collections, ii.32.

11

13

Ibid., iii. 39.

Ibid., i. 10, 34.

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son, accepted it, ' he should have the option of a Parsonage and in the mea n time a Pension from the College equivalent to a Fellowship.' In the follo wing year P earson was presented to the living of Sulh amps tead Abbots, Berks. H earne describes him as b earing the character of 'a. modest, good natur'd Man, and a plain practica l Preacher,' and remarks on the occasion of the accession of George I that he was not present at the Convocation which consented to an address to the new king. When H earne forfeited his offices in the University on refusal to take the oath, h e owed it to Pearson's kindlin ess that he was allowed to retain the use of his rooms in the H all. Although Hearne continued to reside in the Hall until hi s death in 1735, his diaries have little to tell of ¡what happen ed w ithin its walls during those years. His most valuable contributions are his pithy and, often, outspoken descriptions of individual members.

The H all continued' thin' throughout Pearson's principa lship: the matriculations in any one year never exceeded five. During the las t five or six years of his life Dr. Pearson was afflicted with 'the dead palsey ' and spent most of his time at his country parsonage. Hi s ill-health and absence must have led to a further decline in numbers, as during some of these latter years there were no matriculation s at a ll . In February, 1722, Dr. Pearson died at Sulhampstead, 'a very poor man . ' His s uccessor, Dr. Henry Felton, rector of \!Vhitwell, D erbyshire, and chaplain to the second Duke of Rutland, was a former member of the Hall. He entered in 1696, but migrated to Queen's after graduating B .A. He had b een tutor to the Marquis of Granby, to whom he dedicated his ' Dissertation on reading the Classics and forming a just Style,' a book which passed into five editions but is dismissed by Hearne as 'a meer injudicious Rhapsod y.' H e had the reputation of having b een ' an eminent preacher in and a bout London . ' On coming to the Hall, Felton, much to Hearne's satisfaction, did not re-appoint Pearce Vice-Principal, but, on the other h and, the new Vice-Principal, James Creed, a young gTaduate of Queen' s, soon showed himself, in H earne's estimation at least, unsuited for the office. Felton also quickly earned H earne's disapprova l by th e changes he made. The time of even ing prayers was moved back from 9 to 5: the time of dinner moved forward frorn 11 to 1 2 : fastdays were no longer observed on Fridays : nor fritters served at dinne r on Shrove Tuesday 'as there used alway s to be . ' 'When laud able old Customs alter,' comments Hearne, ' 'tis a Sig n Learning dwi ndles '; and a few mon ths later he expresses the conviction

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that Felton is letting ' all manner of litterary Discipline fall down in Edmund Hall.'

As in Dr. Pearson's time so in Felton's, matriculations from the Hall never exceeded five in any one year, and during four of the last years of his principalship there was none. Some undergraduates were admitted on migration from other societies -formerly a very general practice in the University, but one that was eventually to bring the Halls into disrepute in their final struggle for existence.

In 1727 Dr. Felton considered rebuilding the north side of the Quadrangle, but his project came to nothing. Outside the Hall he commanded attention by his books al'1d sermons in defence of Anglicanism, but Hearne's merciless pen writes¡ him down 'a poor, vain, half-strained, conceited man.' In 1736 he was presented to the living of Barwick in Elmet by his former pupil, the third Duke of Rutland, and resigned that of \i\Thitwell to which he had been presented in I/12 by the second Duke. He died at Barwick on March l, 1740. ¡ His successor in the principalship, Dr. Thomas Shaw, a Fellow of Queen's, and Vicar of Godshill, Isle of \i\Tight, was a man of vigorous personality and varied experience. After leaving the University Shaw had spent thirteen years as Chaplain to the English factory at Algiers. During his residence abroad he had not only travelled widely in Algeria, Morocco and Tripoli, but had also made expeditions into Egypt and the Levant. While still in Africa he had been elected a Fellow by his College. He had returned to England in 1733 and in the following year had been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. The publication . of his ' Travels or Observations relating to parts of Barbary and the Levant,' in 1738, won for him a European reputation as a scholar and natural historian. In the year after he became Principal he was appointed Regius Professor of Greek.

Shaw found the buildings of the Hall in a dilapidated condition and took extensive measures for their restoration. In addition to his own generous contributions, he enlisted support outside the Hall to help him in meeting the cost. 16 In 1742, he became Vicar of Bramley, Hants, on the presentation of the Queen's College, being the first of seven Principals of the Hall who successively held this living in conjunction with the principalship.17 On coming to the Hall, Shaw appointed as Vice-Pri1~cipal a Queen's man, Thomas Camplin, subsequently Archdeacon of Bath, who left as his monu16

t7

Book of Be,,;efcictors, r659-1861, ff. 53-6.

See J. Chal!enor C. Smith, Viwrs of Bramley, }fonts., r3r6-1916 , pp. 18-27.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

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ment in Oxford the Holywell Music Room, for the design of which he was responsible. Camplin was followed in 1747 by Joseph Edwards, of Magdalen Hall. 18 On Shaw's death in 1751 Dr. George Fothergill was appointed to succeed him. Fothergill, the eldest son of a \!Vestmorland 'statesman,' had entered Queen's as a servitor in 1722 and had been elected to a fellowship in 1734¡ A pleasing impression of hi s character may be obtained from the correspondence which p assed between him and his family from his undergraduate days onwards . 1 " The hard struggle that he had during his early years at Oxford to live on the meagre resources at his disposal would seem to have left a permanent ill-effect upon his health. He died in 1760 at the age of fifty-four and was the first Principal to be buried in th e Chapel of the Hall.

The Queen's College appointed in his place Dr. George Dixon, who, prior to his election as a Fellow in 1748, had ' preferred the labours of a parochial ministry to the indolent or _even literary retirement of a college.' 20 The number of undergraduates at the Hall, which under his two immediate predecessors had amounted on the average to about a dozen, now showed signs of increasing a little, and that notwithstanding the fact that the Hall was beginning to lie under ' the odium of there being too much religion there.' 21 Dixon, a spiritually minded man of kindly disposition, was ready ' to esteem religion wherever he found it and to excuse errors and imperfections where he thought he discovered truth '; but the Vice-Principal, John Higson, who had been appointed by Shaw a few months before his death, was a man of violent prejudices. In 1768 Higson complained to the Principal that there were in the Hall .several enthusiasts ' who talked of regeneration, inspiration and drawing nigh unto God.' On the Principal refusing to take action, Higson laid charges against seven of his pupils before the Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Durell, Principal of Hertford. An enquiry was conducted in the Hall by the Vice-Chancellor and four assessors. 22 The occasion was taken to register official reprobation

t

1 8 Edwards had previously been Bursar of Magdalen Hall, but left owing to a dispute with the Principal. See Th e Substance of two Actions and the P.roceedings therein, in the Univ. Court of Oxford, a pamphlet wh ich he iss ued in his own defence in 1749¡ 19 .

See C. Thornton and F. McLaughlin, The Foth ergills of Ravenstonedale.

2 0 Gentleman's Magazine, !vii, 289.

2 1 Goliath Sl<iin, p. 187.

22 A full and interesting account of this unfortun ate affair is given by Canon S. L. Ollard in Th e Six Students of St. Edmund Hall ex pelled from the Univ. of Oxford in r768. Higson 's correspondence and papers relating to the case are preserved in the Library of the H a ll.

ST . EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

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of any activities within the University that might savour of Methodism ; and six of the seven young men charged were expelled. The expulsion of these six students from the University provoked a vehement controversy throughout the country. Dr. Johnson had no doubt that the expulsion was ' extremely just and proper.' '.A cow,' he reinarked, 'is a very good animal in the field, but we turn her out of a garden.' ¡For the next ten years the Hall suffered, in consequence, a diminution of numbers. Dr. Dixon, greatly to his credit, had done his best to defend his offending students, although he himself had no sympathy with their Calvinistic tendencies. As a result of these events his connexion with the University was rendered 'less agreeable than formerly ' ; but, even so, he continued in the principalship for nineteen years more until his death in 1787. 23 vVithin a week of the expulsion of his six pupils Higson ceased to be Vice-Principal. Edward Bowerbank, who took his place, also proved himself no friend of Methodism, as is evidenced by his refusal to sign letters testimonial for the ordination of Joseph Benson, who had been classical master at vVesley's school at Kingswood. 24 Bower bank and Thomas Breeks, who succeeded him as Vice-Principal in 1775, were both Queen's men and Fellows of the College. In 1783 Dixon reverted to an earlier practice and appointed a member of the Hall, Isaac Crouch, to the vice-principalship.

Dr. William Dowson, who succeeded Dr. Dixon as Erincipal, . and his immediate successors, Dr. George Thompson, appointed in 1800, Dr. Anthony Grayson, appointed in 1824, and Dr. William Thompson, appointed in 1843, all of whom were Fellows of Queen's, left the general charge of the Hall very much in the hands of their Vice-Principals. Under the influence of Isaac Crouch the Hall came to be recognised as the headquarters of the Evangelical Revival in Oxford. He also impressed upo"n it 'a novel character for erudition no less than seriousness.' 2 5 After holding office for twenty-four years, Crouch resigned the vice-principalship in 1807 and was succeeded by the most distinguished of his pupils, Daniel Wilson, subsequently Bishop of Calcutta and Metropolitan of India. 26 Wilson well maintained the tradition that Crouch had built up: ' amid the traditional College laziness which Oriel was only just beginning to break up, the Hall and its virtual head - for W. Tuckwell, Pre-Tractarian Oxford, pp. 7-8.

S. L. Oll ard, Th e Six Students, pp. 45-6; D.N.B. 25 W. Tuckwell, Pre-Tractarian Oxford, p. 8.

26 Bishop Wilson's life at the H a ll is described in some de tail by his biographer. See J. Bateman, Life of Bishop Wilson, i.49-70, IIo-32.

23

24

.-\ !\ .·\ERI AL VIEW OF THE HALL

T a k en O ctober 23rd, 1939.

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Principal Thompson, like his predecessors, took no part in the tuition - began to rank extraordinarily high.' Wilson, in addition to his academic work, officiated as curate of two villages sixteen miles from Oxford, Upper and Lower Worton, driving out there and back in a post-chaise each Sunday. In 1812 Wilson handed over the v ice-principalship to his pupil, John Hill, who for thirtynine years faithfully kept the lamp of Evangelical piety alight within the Hall. 27 The Oxford University Commissioners of 1852 reported that notwithstanding its lack of endowment the H all ' is at present one of the cheapest places of education in Oxford.' 28 In his answers to the Commissioners' enquiries, Hill stated that 'the highest amount of the bills of any one Member during the year 1849 was Sol. os . 5d., the lowest was 6ol. l8s. 7d.' At this date the number of undergrad uates in residence was about twenty-five. Hill, being married, lived out, as had his two predecessors. 29 Edward Arthur Litton, who succeeded Hill in 1851, belonged to the same school of thought : after graduating from Balliol, Litton had held a fellowship at Oriel until his marriage had obliged him to relinquish it.

On the death of Dr. William Thompson in 1853, Dr. John Barrow, Fellow of Queen's, was elected Principal. Very shortly after hi s appo intment, the spirit of reform being in the a ir, a petition was submitted to the University Commissioners requesting that 'the appointm ent to the Principalship may be adjus ted with a view of hereafter throwing the post open to the Un iversity, and also of securing to the Hall its proper independence.' Public attention was directed to this request by a pamphlet addressed to the new Principal by the Rev. George Hill, a graduate of the Hall, which appeared in 1855. This pamphlet drew a severe reply frorn the Bursar of Queen's, the Rev . William Thomson, subsequently Provost and Archbishop of York. 30 The petition on behalf of the Hall had, of course, no legal basis, and nothing came of it; but it is noteworthy as showing that at that date it was already com ing to be felt to be an anachronism that at every vacancy the principalship cou ld be passed round the table at a College meeting and claimed by one of the Fellows of Queen's.

The appoi ntment of John Barrow as Principa l brought the Hall under Tractarian influences, fo1- Barrow was a friend of the leaders 27

, . }{ill's MS. diaries are preserYed in the Library of the Hall. W. Tuckwell , It eminiscences of Oxfo 1¡d, p. g6.

Re.Po¡rt of Her Majesty's Commissioners, 1852, p. 32.

- Ib id., pp. 383-6 .

30 .

Magrath, The Queen's Colleg e, ii. 165. Dr. Magrath confuses George Hill, Vicar of St. Winnow, Cornwall, with his nam esa ke, John Hill.

!:

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of the movement. His first Vice-Principal, Henry Walford, subsequently Headmaster of Lancing, had been at Rugby und er Arnold and encouraged the belief that he was the ' Slogger ' in Tom Brown' s Schooldays . 3 1 His second Vice-Principal was Henry Parry Liddon, who came to the Hall in 1859 from Cuddesdon , where he had been obliged to resign the vice-principalship in consequence of the attacks made upon him from Evangelical quarters.

During the three years that Liddon was at the Hall he laid the foundation of his great influence as a religious leader in Oxford, especially a mong undergraduates. 32 On the resignation of Barrow in 1861, the principalship was again filled by a High Churchman, John Branthwaite, sometime Fellow of Queen's and H eadmaster of Lancing. 33 When in 1862 Liddon took up residence again in Christ ¡ Church, his place at the Hall was taken by Charles Eddy, Fellow of Queen's.

In 1864 Edward Moore, Fellow of Queen's, aged twenty-nine, was appointed Principal to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Branthwaite, who was drowned while bathing in Morecambe Bay. During the course of his long principalship of forty-nine years Moore made a European reputation for himself as a Dante scholar. 34 At first Moore managed without a Vice"Principal: from 1864 to .

1869 Thomas Kelly Cheyne, subsequently Oriel Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture, acted as Chaplain and Divinity Lecturer: he was succeeded by Andrew vVallace Milroy, subsequently Professor of Latin at Queen's College, London, as Lecturer. In 1871 George Francis Lovell was appointed Vice-Principal, and thereafter Dr. Moore was aided in his administration of the Hall by a succession of able Vice-Principals: the Rev. Robert Ga rland Plumptre from 1889 to 1893, Mr. (subsequently Sir) Ernest Nathaniel Bennett from 1893 to 1895, the Rev. Herbert Louis vVild, subsequently Bishop of Newcastle, from 1895 to 1903, and the Rev. Sidney Leslie Ollard, subsequently Canon of Windsor, from 1903 to 1913.

When in 1874 the University was once again subjected to a Royal Commission, Dr. Moore took a pessimistic view of the future of the Halls, as he considered that the ' unattached students ' system introduced in 1870 would supplant the Halls in the service that H a ndford , Lancing , pp. 95-7.

See the article on Dr. Liddon at St. Edmund Hall in H enry¡ Par ry Liddon, 1829-1929: A Centenary M emoir, pp. 29-3 3.

33 H a ndford, Lancing. pp. 65-7.

34 See the memoir of him contributed by E. Armstrong, Pro-Provost of Queen's, to Proceedings of th e British Academy; D.N.B. 31

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they had hitherto rendered to ' those who desire to live as quietly and economically as possible.' 35 The Statutory Commissioners of 1877 were of the same opinion and legislated for the extinction of all the Halls except St. Edmund Hall. vVith the approval of the Queen's College a special scheme was provided for the Hall, whereby at the next vacancy in the principalship it was to become a dependency of the College and its membership limited to twenty-four exhibitioners.

In 1903 when Dr. Moore was appointed to a residentiary canonry in Canterbury Cathedral and expressed his intention of resigning the principalship, the Queen's College attempted to secure the passage through Congregation of an amending statute under which the partial union of the Hall with the College, proposed by the Commissioners in 1877, would have become a total union. 3 6 Opinion in the University was roused in defence of the last of the medieval Halls and the statute was rejected by a decisive majority. A deadlock ensued, until Lord Curzon, after his appointment in 1907 as Chancellor, and, by virtue of that office, Visitor of the H a ll, exerted his influence on behalf of the Hall. Eventually in 1912 a statute was made by the University, and approved in the following year by an Order of the King in Council, by which the preservation of the Hall, as a separate academica l society, was secured.

In 1913, with the fear of the extinction of the Hall removed, and with more than forty updergraduates in residence, Dr. Moore fe lt free to bring his long tenure of the office of Principal to an end.

At the same time Canon Ollard, who as Vice-Principal had worked indefatigably in defence of the Hall during the ten years that its fate was in the balance, also resigned. With the appointment of the Rev. H. H. Williams, Fellow of Hertford, subsequently Bishop of Carlisle, as Principal, there opened for the Hall a new chapter of progress and development . Although the outbreak of war in 1914 brought about a temporary check, fresh momentum was quickly gathered on the return of peace in 1918.

A.B.E. 35

U'!iv . G_omn:rs. Report, 1874, i. i28-9 , ii.885-6. His apologia for the Hall s Frugal Education attainable under the existing Collegiate System, with an Account of the expenses of the System at St. Edmund Hall.

36 Un.iv. Cornmrs. Statutes, 1877, pp. 363-7. â&#x20AC;˘

1s contamed m his pamphlet,

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SOCIETIES, 1939 THE DEBATING SOC IETY HILARY T E RM, 1939 President-A. ,V. FowLER. Secretary-D. E. DAVIES .

Vic e-President- J.C. PALMER. Three meetings of the Debating Society were h eld this term.

At the first J. M. G. Halsted proposed the motion ' That the Englishman's Castle is his home ' in a well-composed speech and was opposed by N. G. Gee , who spoke interestingly and with conviction. The motion was finally carried by nine votes to three. At our second meeting we had the pleas ure of entertaining Somerville College Debating Society. The motion before the house was ' That this H ouse feels over-civilised.' After a spirited debate, much enlivened by the witty contributions of our guests, the motion was finally lost by eighteen vo tes to six. Our third debate was perhaps the most important of the term, when the Society met to consider the motion ' That this House rejects the present N ationa l Service. ' A heated discussion ended in an eq ual division of the House, the President using his casting vote in favour of the motion.

At a private meetin g with the Principal, the Vice-Principal and officers of related societies in the Principal's Lodgings, the reorganisation of the Society was discussed. It was dec ided to reduce the number of meetings to four a te rm, to arrange future programmes before the beginning of the t erm and to invite for one meeting a guest speaker a nd for another a member of the Senior Common Room. It was thus hoped to revive interest in the Society and raise the standard of debating.

A.W.F. MICHAELMAS TERM

President-]. C.

Vice-President-D. E. DAVIES .

It was most unfortun ate that this term the Debating Society should h ave had so li ttle chance of flourishing . Early in the term everyone seemed too busy to think about debating , with the result that there was no meeting until O ctober 3oth, and then only due to the well-known energy of the ex-President.

The motion which was eventually chosen - ' That this Hou se believes Federal Union to be the sures t way to a sane world order ' was very a bly proposed a nd seconded by the two Federal Unionists, R. C. T. J ames and R. Mclsaac. They were opposed by two members of the Labour Club, E . ,i\T. Suda le and R. Illsley , both of whom spoke with force a nd gave plenty of material for furt her debating PALME R.

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when the motion was thrown open to the House.

A fortnight later the annual freshmen's debate was held, again arranged by the ex-President. The motion, 'That emotion rather than reason should be the guiding principle of life,' seemed dangerous, but it provided many excellent speeches, of which we remember particularly the apologetic manner of J. D. Duncanrather in the traditional Union style - and the forceful manner of H. M i. K. Howson.

But then the ex-President was called up, and again, without his persuasion, gentlemen seemed to find themselves too busy to think of debating.

J.C.P .

THE ESSAY SOCIETY HIJ,ARY TERM,

President -

1939

P. WoonHOUSE

SMITH.

At the beginning of the term, the President read an essay on ' Rupert Brooke ' by M. S. Preston, who was unable to be present; the Society derived considerable amusement from his halting interpretation of an indistinct hand. What the essay lacked in originality it gained in substance: what it lost in substance was made up in brevity. At the second meeting J . .H. Edinger read an interesting and provocative essay on character-telling from handwriting entitled 'P's and Q's,' which was followed by J. Shipwright's original exposition of the trend of social history under the title 'Wayfaring Man.' The essay, which was lucid but unfinished, contrasted with ]. McManners' 'Top Hats Marx sat on,' which was fascinatingly written, thoroughly conceived, but delivered in confusion. N. ].

Strachan examined national characteristics in ' Tell you on Monday,' and G. H. Thompson made a bold excursion into the theories of Eugenics under the enigmatic title ' \Vhere Moth.' At the last meeting it was decided to hold meetings in the Trinity Term, a precedent thus being created. The President then delivered his essay, 'Clamce ad Ccelum.' This, together with its supplement, dealt with the history and present position of dialect and pronunciation in America. At an extra-mural meeting on an unrecorded date at the end of term, the Essay Society Party was conducted on the usual lines of informality and unexampled joviality.

P.W.S. TRINITY TERM

President-A.

vV.

FOWLER.

The first essay described the customs, beliefs and government of the natives of the Pacific Islands, and the effects of European

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civilisation and religion upon the lives of natives. The essayist was M . J. Forster; The following two essays were on such widely different subjects as Shakespeare and Music, and Freemasonry . The former, 'Hey Nonny,' was read by E . L. Moor and dealt with the release of music from ecclesiastical thrall and described Shakespeare's use of music as an indication of the trend which followed that freedom.

The essayist also dealt, at some length, with the instruments used in the theatre in Shakespeare's time.

G. R. R.¡ East's essay on Freemasonry dealt with the history of that movement and as much of the ceremony as its secrecy would allow .

E. G. H. Turner read an essay on playing cards. The story of the origins, symbolism and uses of playing cards provided a most unusual essay.

H.K. Girling and M. P . Whitaker dealt with burning problems.

H. K. Girling read an essay on the religions and mystics of India .

This was illustrated by quotations from the Aitareya Upanishad. _This essay attempted to prove to a Society, famed for its broadmindedness, that the religions of other countries are not all crossfingers, new-moon and magpies. M. P. Vlhitaker read an essay with a characteristic title which was too long to appear on the Society's cards., ' It's no use sheep complaining that they are vegetarians when there are wolves about.' In spite of its title, the essay attempted to _d eal subjectively with the tenets of pacifism .

The President's essay dealt with the biologist's approach to sex ¡vi{i the rat's private life.

A.W.. F. MICHAELMAS TERM

President- E. G. H.

TURNER.

The changing world around has been portrayed in. miniature at the Society's meetings this term. Some old members have appeared unexpectedly to delight us, only to be taken away after a _few meetings, while others have not reappeared until the end of term .

In spite of this there has always been a good attendance, and discussion has at times been keen.

D. G . C. Salt had prepared a cat's 'apologia ' for the first meeting, and in his ' Felis Infelix' sang the praises of this much maligned animal. He compared it with the dog in fact and fancy, in history and in proverb, and sought to show that it is a much more suitable companion for man, which naturally provoked some comment.

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In the next essay,' Motley,' E. \V. Sudale took the Society into the history of the Fool. Drawing his material from classical legend as well as historical data, he showed how often the philosopher had to don cap and bells in order to be heard. This many-coloured essay finished with a description of John Haywood, the court fool of several Tudor sovereigns.

P. D. Stobart in the following essay, 'Tzigane,' produced a most ' interesting and exhaustive enquiry into the how, the why, and the whence of the gipsies. This subject has often crossed the Society's horizon in recent terms as a' red herring' [flying fish?En. J, and so many theories were aired. He thought the valley of the Indus was their original home, for there are races with very similar traits to be found there. He alluded to various legendary accounts of their origin and wondered what would become of them now that they are leaving their decorative caravans for breezeblock hovels.

The next week's essay, 'I am a man apart,' on the modern poet and his relation to society, was worked out by L. D. A. :Baron in a fascinating and thought-provoking manner. Considering the relation also of society to the poet, he pointed out the change of background and pattern against which the poet worked to-day. Vias the poet in future to be a man apart, or a member of the corn~ munity? The Society attempted in a lively manner to answer this question.

R. C. T. James next read an essay on 'Federal Union,' and put forward this scheme as the salve for all the hurts of the world. This should be accomplished by a union of the peoples of the world and not of their governments. This provoked much discussion and, together with the next week's essay by R. Illsley-an Economist's Credo-gave each member of the Society an opportunity to' vent his own particular ideology. The latter considered that economics were the cause of all historical events, and ¡revealed his essentialiy materialistic view of history, with which the Society disagreed, although coriceding that they were a factor.

In the concluding essay, the President considered the home, both in its importance, peculiarities and architectural structure. He sketched the history of the English Home, centring at first round - the hall and later .departmental\sed in the comfortable and spacious Georgian house, ending with a plea for good manners in design.

E. L. Moor was elected President for the Hilary Term,. .

E.G.H.T.

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----- - - -- - - - - -- --- -

JOHN OLDHAM SOCIETY HILARY TERM, I939 President-]. P. DE C. MEADE .

S ecretary-A.]. ENSOR. Sheridan is a long-suffering fellow upon whom the Society falls back to a man whenever the Drama League is defaulting. And it is no wonder. ' The School for Scandal ' is as fresh- one might almost say fresher - to-day as ever it was . For Scandal has that enduring quality which makes it essential to daily life . The Society read next 'The Vortex' (Noel Coward). A play that is brilliant on the stage proved unbearably heavy when read. Perhaps that was responsible for the crisis in the Society that followed upon it. Perhaps it was the superior attraction of the Playhouse and New Theatre. Perhaps even it was the draw of other of the innumerable societies flourishing in the Hall like mushrooms in a good field. The Secretary could not assemble enough members even to read out the title, without a thought of the play itself. There was a drawing on of hose and a rallying clan spirit, a silent invocation to the long-dead patron, and the Society took on a new lease of life.

In a mood of solemn resolve the company met to read ' Hassan.'

But if Coward was too lifeless, James Elroy Flecker was strong meat without a good deal of previous meditation and thoughtful appreciation.

The sublime was left for ' Aren't Men Beasts,' with which we were more inclined to agree. And in rapid succession we devoured three varied and tasty morsels. Two from the same pen sandwiched the third, 'Arms and the Man,' 'Tovarich' and 'Pygmalion.' In this last play the horrid laughter in the most funereal vein was a marked accomplishment of that ex-President whose name would rhyme with haste and smacks of Indian warmth.

Let it be said that we ended no better or worse than we began, which might seem a pity for those who must always advance . The shade of our patron will not be made to turn, if a shade can turn that has no front or back, at the report of our doings. We have examined the excellencies of Eastern poesy and dabbled in the futility of a modern frolic ; all the chatter of a two centuries' old society was the complement of the terse niceties of the Shavian humour. Change is ever the essence of life.

J.P. DEC.M. TRINITY TERM President-A . ]. ENSOR. Secretary-D. R. joNES. The Society held two meetings during the term . At the first it welcomed guests from Lady Margaret Hall, who brought with

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them the feminine charm so necessary for the su_c cessful reading of ' Lady Windermere's Fan,' by Oscar Wilde. The play itself was in some measure an antidote to the lifeless and undistinguished reading, and provided the substance of an enjoyable evening's entertainment. S. V. Peskett as Lorton read with zest, and N. E. McCurry as Darlington was his inimitable and unruffled self.

The second meeting was in the nature of an experiment. It was decided early in the term that the ideal place for a play-reading was indubitably the river. Eight members of the Society, therefore, together with their guests, the Home Students' Dramatic Society, punted from Magdalen Bridge to a spot just below Christ Church ferry, where they read 'Lady Precious Stream,' by L. S. Tsing.

The freshness of the play and its entire freedom from Western sophistication were a tonic to Oxford undergraduates. There was not time enough to read the whole play, but three acts were well done. The party then adjourned to the Clarendon for coffee, thus to encl a fine evening with eclat.

D.R.].

MICHAELMAS TERM

President-D . R.

JONES.

Secretary-R.

MclSAAC.

The first problem that faced the Society was the perennial one of finance. Happily an almost unlimited number of freshmen were anxious to join, and when subscriptions were kept at their usual healthy rate the problem was solved without difficulty.

At the first meeting of term the Society read 'The Rivals,' which was necessarily a kind of audition and in which parts were changed round mercilessly. But in spite of changes the standard of reading was high.

Noel Coward's 'Hay Fever' wa s the subject of the second meeting. Perhaps the Coward sense of comedy was not always captured. At any rate, if the performance was not as slick as it ought to have been, it was nonetheless pleasant, and C. Grayson was able to lay well and truly the foundations of the reputation which he confirmed at subsequent meetings.

'Amphitryon 38' by S. N. Behrmann and 'French without Tears ' were read the following weeks . For the reading of the latter, the Society welcomed the Vice-Principal and Mr. Ramsay, who read parts with considerable effect. It was good, too, to hear J.C. Palmer's brisk French accent.

A week later St. Hugh's Dramatic Society were our guests. ' Boy meets Girl,' by Bella and Samuel Spewacke, an amusing and clever satire on American film production, proved most successful

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reading. American accents, dizzy speeds, furious tempers, the astonishing volte-face, the unreliable character, the atmosphere of a type of life completely alien to Oxford- all these were effectively produced and portrayed.

D .R .J .

THE MUSICAL SOCIETY 1939 Secreiary-N.

TRINITY TERM,

President-].

SHIPWRIGHT .

BARTLEET .

It is not easy to decide whether the elements were kind in compelling us to transfer the Eights Week Concert from the Quadrangle to the Dining¡ Hall. According to plan, the concert should have concluded with an impressive performance of Purcell's Trumpet Voluntary, skilfully arranged by N . Bartleet for organ, brass and drums, pouring with dignified declamation from the Chapel upon the distant audience outside . Translated into the Dining Hall, the tour de force became a forcible turn. The present writer, who sat within two yards of the drums and trombones, and within one yard of the trumpets, is not - or certainly was not- in a position to state whether the interpretation was delicately phrased and impeccably balanced. He can, however, record quite honestly that it was a powerful performance and an inspiriting spectacle.

It is probable, on the other hand, that nearly all the other parts of the programme, which were light in texture though not in quality, gained by the transference to more intimate conditions.

This was certainly true of Bartleet's Suite in B minor for flute, clarinet and bassoon -competent and workmanlike in scoring, except perhaps for an occasional tendency to spread chords too widely for three such light-toned instruments. Beethoven's Trio in C major for two oboes and cor anglais, pleasantly interpreted by D. A. Becher and two friends from the Royal College of Music, was also probably more enjoyable in the hall, where its delicacy, well appreciated by the performers, was less likely to be lost.

Pianoforte solos, too, are seldom suitable for the open air, and it was fortunate that J. Shipwright's capable and sensitive playing of Bach's Prelude and Fugue on his own name was not wasted on the clouds. He played the Poulenc Novelette in C with equal ease, but the Poulenc suffered by contrast with the superior brains of Bach.

The Hall tradition of part-songs was well maintained by the smooth singing of two Morley madrigals and ' Linden Lea ' by members of the Hall and of Lady Margaret Hall. One expeded the modern part-song to suffer from being heard immediately after such genuine compositions for part-singing as the EliZabetha~

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madrigals, but it was saved by the charming tone of one of the sopranos, which showed it up as being a tune rather than a p'a rtsong, but an eminently tuneful tune.

The guest-artist was Miss Helen Anderson, whose well-controlled and unforced voice was good to hear in two Handel arias and Bach's 'Comfort sweet, my Jesus comes' ; this last was given just the right combination of steady rhythm and smooth phrasing.

Her group of songs by Schubert, Brahms, Strauss and Mahler showed good command of varied styles, but the group would have been more satisfying if it had included one of the greater and more familiar songs by Schubert or Brahms.

Altogether a varied bill of fare, on which the management should be complimented.

R.F.W.F. MICHAELMAS TERM

President -

N.

BARTLEET.

Secretary- W. P.

SMITH.

Several old members of the Society were away on military service when term began and, as a result, prospects did not seem bright. There was, however, considerable determination to carry on, and we were helped by talent discovered among the year's freshmen.

The Michaelmas Concert was held in the Dining Hall on Monday, November 27th. In view of the circumstances, it was of a more informal character than usual and was well attended by members of the Hall and their guests. N. G. Long (violin) and E. L. Moor (pianoforte) opened the concert with Dvorak's Sonatina in G for violin and pianoforte, and this was followed by two songs, 'Bacchus, God of Mirth and Wine' and '0, No John,' sung in fine style by R. C. T. James. A return to a more serious vein was made when N. S. Belam, who had come back to the Hall for the occasion, played Handel's Sonata in G for flute and pianoforte, with the President at the piano. To end the first part of the concert, Evelyn ¡ Hassall (contralto, L.M.H.) and Joan l\fason (soprano, L.M.H.) sang the duet '0 Lovely Peace' from Handel's 'Judas Maccabaeus.' Here indeed was a fine performance and one which was well appreciated by those who heard it.

After the interval the President played the Sonata in C minor for pianoforte by Beethoven. This was in three movements, Allegro molto, Adagio molto, Prestissimo, and was in all respects the performance of an accomplished pianist. The remainder of the concert was taken up with madrigals and part-songs . The Lady Margaret Han madrigal group sang 'When Lo by break of morning,' a

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madrigal by Morley, and the Hall group sang two rounds by Ravenscroft and Purcell respectively and a Somerset part-song, 'A Farmer's Son so Sweet,' arranged by Vaughan Williams. Finally, the two groups sang together Cowen's arrangement of an Australian part-song, 'Waltzing Matilda,' a fitting conclusion to an enjoyable concert.

The Principal thanked the President, not only for the concert, but a lso for the contribution which he had been making to the musical life of the Hall. Commenting on the fact that the President would shortly be taking temporary leave of the Hall to go on naval service, the Principal wished him Godspeed and said that he hoped it wo uld not be long before he was back again with the Society .

W.P .S. THE MAKERS 1939 Secretary -

HILARY TERM,

President-C . R. B.

QUENTIN.

A.

Vv.

FowLER.

During the Hilary Term the Makers held a magazine m eeting on March 4th. The attendance was large and the contributions various. D . A. Becher read three poems which he had written at school, R. R. Rylands, the ex-President, had composed his terminal satire and the President read a short story of a rather embarrassing nature. Lastly, H. Vaughan J am es presented three most interesting poems.

It is not customary for The Makers to meet during the Trinity Term, but since no speaker had been procured for the Hilary Term and Lord Dunsany had agreed to address the Society in May, it was decided to hold a special meeting for him. Lord Dunsany spoke of ' Poets and the Modern Age.' His talk was witty and discursive , and he did not confine himself to any one subject. H e expressed his dislik"e of advertisement and of substitute foods; his fear for the future of the English language, and his belief that poetry springs from the more permanent forces of nat ure . He also recited some of his own poetry. The meeting was one of the most successful for several years.

A. W. Fowler was elected President and P. \iVoodhouse Smith Secretary for next year.

C.R.B.Q. THE LIDDON SOCIETY 1939 Secretary-S.

HILARY TERM,

Chairman -H. R.

DuRHAM.

H. HOFFMAN.

The Corporate Communions of the Society were celebrated on t he feas t of the Conversion of St. Paul, and on St. Matthias ' Day .

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The Bishop of Zanzibar was the speaker at the first meeting of the term, and, as a man with thirty years' experience in the mission field, no one could be better qualified to deal with his subject of " Missions in Central Africa.' He spoke strongly of the importance .0 f the Universities' Mission to Central Africa to Oxford and other Universities, and of the help which the Universities can give to the U.M.C.A. He felt that Oxford especially was letting the U.M.C.A. ¡down for two reasons - lack of interest and lack of knowledge, the former dependent on the latter.

The speaker painted a living picture .of the native peoples with whom he has to deal as responsive, charming and sociable. The Universities' Mission began seventy years ago in the diocese of Zanzibar when Christians bought up the slave market, but to-day the Mission has four hundred and two workers, mostly Africans, led by eighteen white and twenty-five African priests and eleven African deacons. The greatest problems to be dealt with are polygamy, witchcraft and the very influential Moslem faith. Education .and medicine in Africa are the principal means by which the Christian Faith can be spread abroad in a country where ignorance, superstition and disease are rife among the native peoples.

The second meeting of the term was something of an historical occasion for the Society, for in the presence of the Principal, the Vice-Principal and a large number of members, Canon Ollard (VicePrincipal of the Hall, 1903-13) gave a talk on another, very famous, Vice-Principal, Dr. Liddon. Henry Parry Liddon was born in 1829, and in the early years of his life was a strict evangelical. At Christ Church he became strongly attached to the Oxford Movement, and his fame as a preacher and teacher grew while he was Vice-Principal of Cuddesdon, and later of the Hall. At London he revitalised the worship at St. Paul's, and was offered two bishoprics which he refused. His death in 1890. was attributed to the strain of writing his monumental life of Pusey, but the fame of his preaching, his loyalty to any cause he took up, and the sanctity of his life live on.

At the close of the meeting a manuscript of one of Liddon's sermons and the prayer book he used while at the Hall were examined with great interest.

S.H.H. MICHAELMAS TERM

Chairman - A. J. LEE. The Corporate Communion of the Society was held on St. Andrew's Day. The only meeting of the term was on November 23rd, when the Rev. J.E. Fison, of St. Aldate's Church, spoke on' The Old Testa-

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ment-a compendium of Bronze Age Theology, or what?' He began by stating his conviction that the only hope for us at the present day was to recover the faith of the Old Testament, which could best be described as being a faith in the Living God. He suggested that the main cause of the divisions in the Church of Christ was the lack of this faith, and that the real issue about Holy Communion and the Bible was whether we really expect to meet God there.

In conclusion, Mr. Fison emphasised that we so often say nothing at all, because we are afraid of saying the wrong thing; the faith of the Old Testament said something, and then carried it out, because it was a vital faith in the Living God. The Society is very grateful to the Vice-Principal for his hospitality.

A.J.L .

THE DIOGENES CLUB HILARY TERM, 1939 President-M. S. PRESTON. Secretary-A. W. FowLER. The Diogenes Club was inactive during the Hilary Term. Only two meetings were held.

J. H. Mayne talked informally on swing music. He described its origin from native African music, and devoted the remainder of the meeting to illustrations by gramophone records.

C. R. B. Quentin spoke on 'The Modern Novel' at the second meeting.

A.W.F. THE METHUEN SOCIETY TRINITY TERM, 1939 President-D. G. C. SALT. French Convener-]. P. DE C. MEADE. German Convener - D. ERSKINE. Treasurer -G. S. ToTHILL. The fusion of the original French Society with a newly-formed German section proved a distinct success. The Methuen Society celebrated its august birth with a visit from Professor Rudler. We felt honoured at having secured him for this important occasion, and if he delighted us in the past, he charmed us doubly this time, when he gave a most illuminating talk on ' Georges Bernanos,' illustrating some of those more captivating traits of that enigmatic author with readings from his 'Journal d'un Cure de Campagne' and ' Cimetieres sous la lune.'

At the second meeting 'Emilia Galotti' was read, and we were very glad to welcome the new members of the German School.

Later in the term P. D. Stobart gave a talk in German about ' Alsace Lorraine,' where he had spent some of the vacation. A lively discussion followed, and strange political beliefs were advocated.

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At our last meeting, Dr. H. J. Hunt and Mr. R. C. Johnston regaled us with a superb sketch, entitled 'Dialogue des Morts,' which, despite an undercurrent of satire and pure farce, finished with a basis of a new Roland theory. Would that some of our lectures were conducted in that impressionable and living manner!

The Methuen Society was extremely grateful to both Dr. Hunt and Mr. Johnston for this original masterpiece.

D.G.C .S. MICHAELMAS TERM

Presidents- J.P. DE C. MEADE, D. ERSKINE. Secretary - P. D. STOBART. The difficulty of obtaining speakers this term obliged the Society to fall back on its own resources, but nevertheless it was found possible to arrange a programme for both sections. A French spelling-bee, held in conjunction with the Oxford Home Students, proved in every way a great success, as did the reading of' Wallensteins Lager' in German.

P.D.S. THE MOOT CLUB

1939 Secretary -A. C.

HILARY TERM,

President- J.

LYALL.

WAcE.

Thanks to our increased membership and the renewed interest shown in 'mooting,' we were able successfully to hold two meetings. Our gratitude must be expressed to the . Principal for his support in securing for us two such instructive and helpful ' masters of the moot' as were Mr. A. C. Longland of the Inner Temple and Mr. G. A. Forrest, an Aularian and Lecturer in Law in the University of Bristol.

The first moot was held on Friday, February 17, with the Geldart Society as our guests, and Mr. Longland represented the Court of Appeal. The case was one arising out of a bad valuation of a book

by Good Advice Ltd., who were sued by Stony for damages for breach of contract and/or duty to make a proper valuation. In the lower court judgment had been given for the amount claimed with costs.

Counsel for the Appellants: Miss R. Howard, Miss I. Wright.

Counsel for the Respondent: A. C. Wace, J. Lyall.

The appeal was dismissed save as to damages, which were reduced from ÂŁ500 to ÂŁ400, costs following the event. 'In damages for breach of contract the rule in Hadley v. Baxendale is still the accepted test . . . here the question was '' what might reasonably be supposed to have been in the contemplation of the parties?" It

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was idle for the Coy. to contend that they did not contemplate that Stony would sell . . . his behaviour was just as reasonable and natural as the cricketer driving the horse off the field in Halestrop v. Gregory. . . Stony had been deceived and had acted, being deceived . . . the valuer, however, could only be expected to value the book at ÂŁ400, and had this been such there would have been no breach of contract.'

The second meeting was also an appeal, and Mr. Forrest heard the case of the Vicar of Little Mudford and Constable Jones v.

Samuel Simple. It arose as a result of the Vicar inserting the following paragraph in the Parish Magazine : ' Spring has come early this year, and the fine weather has brought us all out of doors .

Whilst walking down the street I was surprised and delighted to see my good warden sitting by the door drinking in the sun.' This, with the word drinking heavily und erlined, had been put on the notice-board outside the village Police Station by an unknown person. It was not removed by the constable, so Simple sued Jones and the Vicar and recovered damages ; they both appeal.

For the Appellants: J. H. Stephens, T . R . H. Cuff.

For the Respondent: M. S. Preston.

Both appeals were dismissed . It was held on the first point that the implication was that the respondent drank too much, so it was clearly defamatory, and the underlining was evidence that formerly there was some scintilla of defamatory meaning . . . Lord Atkins' words, ' tending to lower a man in the estimation of right-thinking members of society generally,' applied. On the question whether Jones published the libel, Byrnne v. Deane was in point, for there was sufficient dominium over the notice-board to render Jones liable for the libel remaining thereon; he licensed its presence by his acquiescence.

J .1..

CONSERVATIVE DISCUSSION GROUP HILARY AND MICHAELMAS TERMS, I939

Secretary-]. P.

C. MEADE. The Group continued to flourish a whole year after its formation without very great encouragement from without . It discussed questions of Conservative interest towards problems of home and imperial matters, though it seldom reached a conclusion. Attendance and the prolonged term of the meetings bear witness to the interest aroused.

During the Michaelmas Term the Group languished, mainly since many felt that politics were the concern of armchair generals DE

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

63

and fireside commanders-in-chief. By mutual consent no activity was manifest.

It seems, though, that a special and important function can novv be fulfilled by the Group in close co-operation with those in other Colleges. Following the lead of the Chairman of the Federation of University Conservative and Unionist Associations, the O.U.C.A. is to begin a series of Study Groups to examine carefully every point of politics and to formulate an attitude regarding each, which shall represent the fixed views of its members. It will then be able to show a strong programme when, at the end of the war, the Conservative Government will be assailed to produce plans for peace and the future. The Hall Group will come into its own again in taking part in this very wide and constructive undertaking.

J.P. DEC.M. THE LABOUR CLUB GROUP TRINITY TERM,

Secretary -

R.

1939

lLLSEY.

An enthusiastic executive committee formed the basis for a term of sound accomplishments . The attraction of the Parks and of the river was successfully countered, a nd our membership again showed a pleasing increase. A fruitful innovation was provided by a series of lun ch-time talks by H. V . James on 'The Nature of Capitalist Society ' and ' The Socialist Alternative.' Tea-time meetings were held regularly and included a stimulating discussion on the Chinese situation, a review of Balkan politics and a joint meeting with the O.I.C.C. U . Group and the S.C.M. Discussion Groups on 'Christianity and Socialism.' Our main task this term was to help in the campaign for a Popular Front of Liberal and Left Wing parties.

Although the campaign failed in the country, we obtained a large degree of unity within the Hall on specific issues.

R . l.

THE WILLIAM MORRIS SOCIETY MICHAELMAS TERM, 1939 Secretary - A. F . MACDONALD. Last term a new society was formed in the Hall for the discussion of social problems, ranging from boys' clubs and unemployment to educational facilities and civil liberties. The need was felt for some co-ordinating society which would reflect the generality of opinion on these subjects. "\i\!e have been rather unfortunate in our plans for this term, but we hope to place the Society on a sound footing next term with a programme of speakers who are eminent authorities on these problems.

A.F.M.

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CLUBS, 1939 THE BOAT CLUB

1939 Secretary-M. H. A.

HILARY TERM,

· Captain-A. G.

SLEMECK.

B OYD.

Thanks to the experience gained in the Godstow races, the First Torpid was a ble to start its practice seriously at the ve ry beginning of the term. Mr. A. M. Emmet very kindly consented to come up to Oxford before the St. Edward's School term began to take the crew for the first week or so. He aimed at giving the crew boatcontrol and getting them together by spells of paddling.

B. A. Rogers took on the coaching and was in charge of the crew until a week before the races. His task was perhaps the most difficult, as he had n ot only to get the crew up to full racing pitch, but hold them back and leave the finishing touches to the last coach.

This was difficult, b ecause the crew was not much different from the Godstow crew and began to a dvanc·e too rapidly . ·It was a great achievement, therefore , that when Mr. Christopher Pepys took over the coaching the crew was if anything a trifle behind in its training.

Under their last coach they prog ressed rapidly and were able to go down to the start of the races fresh.

T he first night of the races showed that there was to be some first-class racing, for N ew College just ma naged to get home after being only a few feet away up the Barges. On the next two nights the same thing happened, but if anything the Hall got a little nearer each time. But the H all were not without their troubles too, for Pembroke, who had had a bad day on Friday, came unpleasantly close on the Sa turday .

It was obvious that the strain of this sort of racing was beginning to tell upon the first two crews, a nd it was obvious too that in an endurance test the Hall had all the advantage. Monday saw them quite recovered from their previous efforts.

The race started in much the same way as b efore, and the two c rews came out of the Gut a length and a qua rter apart. Up the Green Bank a determined effort in the form of a twenty brought the Hall up to a quarter of a length. Instead of dropping the rate of striking, as on form er occasions, it was kept a t thirty-eight or thirty-nine. Gaining steadily past the O.U.B.C., they made a comfortable bump at the H ertford Barge. T he last two nights were not without their moments of anxiety for the onlookers, but they were only moments, and the crew never doubted their ability to

THE FIR T TORPID. 1939. HL\D OF THE Rl\"ER. C. de :\". H ill, :\!. P. \\" hit<1ker, C . H. J e!lard , J. R. :\!. .\leri fi eld.

R. C. T. J ames, B . .-\.. Roger$. P. H. '.\l athews (stroke), P. \\"oodhouse Smith, .\1. H .:\. Boyd . .·\. \\". F CJw ler (cox ) .

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

remain 'head.' And so another achievement was recorded for the Hall in a by no means undramatic manner. The credit for the succ.e ss must naturally go first to the crew, whose determination never wavered, in spite of very difficult moments during training; second, to the coaches, who say now, of course, that they knew what the result would be all along; and lastly, to the support and encouragement the crew received from the whole Hall. The Bump Supper which was so kindly given to us afterwards closed another chapter of the Boat Club's history.

These events tended to throw . into the background the steady and measured progress of the Second Torpid, who managed to improve their position by one place. Although this seems a minor achievement beside the First Crew's efforts, it was a very creditable performance, since two valuable members of the crew were incapacitated by 'flu a few days before t_h e races. The crew consisted mainly of Freshmen and promised well for the future.

Order oJ rowing : FIRST CREW.

SECOND CREW.

Bow. J. R.H. Merifield 2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Str. Cox.

M. P. Whitaker C. de N. Hill C. H. Jelfard M. H. A. Boyd R. C. T. James P. W. Smith P. I:I. Mathews A. W. Fowler.

Bow. H. Arnott 2.

D. R. Tassell

3· M. M. Rennell 4· R. M. W. Powell 5· C. E. B. B. Simpson 6. R. P.H. Davies 7. E. H. Nicholson

Str. M. H. Tupper Cox. N. S. Belam.

A.G.S. TRINITY TERM

Captain-A. G.

SLEMECK.

Secretary- M. H. A.

BOYD.

The First Eight started their training for Eights Week six days before term, as in former years. Thanks to the experience gained in the previous two terms, .there was very little difficulty in selecting a crew and settling down to serious work. The Rev. A. H. Franklin . very kindly sacrificed a fortnight of his holidays to come and coach us, and as a result of his efforts he handed over to Mr. G. 0. Nickalls a crew knowing how to use its legs and make the most of its swing.

All along, however, there had been a tendency amongst nearly all the members of the crew to become too stiff when called upon to do any hard work, with the result that it was never really together.

Mr. Nickalls, in his own inimitable style, had practically cured this by the time the races came, and had they been a week later the crew

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might have been a . very different combination to compete with. As it was, the crew was a good one, and on one night in particular gave a very credit'able exhib'ition in bumping Ne~ College. . .

.

'.

.

It was a great disappointment to all concerned that the 'double ' did not come off, btit it ¡left the Club with something to work for when an Eights Week again comes round. It was certainly no fault of the ¡coaches, whose enthusiasm almost outstripped thatof the <:;revv; ~nd even if what was aimed for was not accomplished, valuable experience was gained through having such excellent coaches.

The races themselves produced no great surprise as far as the Hall was concer~ed. Balliol fell an easy victim - the crab they caught shortening the race by a very small amount- while New College proved a tougher nut to crack. Fort~nately the Hall produced first-class form for the occasion, and the crew never doubted. right from the starting gun the result, although it was not until the Hertford .Barge that the bump was made.

ST. EDMOND HALL MAGAZINE

67

The S~cond Eight, ~h~se labour~ ~l~ays tend to bec?me over- . shaddi.ved, ~nceagain slowly mounted the rungs of t.h e lad_d er.

Sickness unfortunately broke the crew up just before the races, but even so they mounted three places. Tl:ie crews were: FIRST CREW.

Bow; M:. H. A. Boyd 2; P. W. Smith 3 . . G. Worth 4· c~ H; Jellard 5, B. A. Rogers 6: · R. C. T. James 7. A. G. Slemeck Str. P. H. Mathews Cox. ·A. C. Wace.

SECOND CREw ;·

Bow. J. R. H. Merifield 2.

M. H~ Tupper . · 3. E. H. Nicholson 4. J.P. de C. Meade 5. R. P. H. Davies · 6. J. S. M. Dashwood 7. C. de N. Hill Str. M. P. Whitaker Cox. A. W. Fowler.

THIRD CREW.

Bow.

J.

Shipwright P. H. W. Salt . 3. R~ M. W .. Powell . 4. P. D. Stobart 5. . M. M. Hennell 6~ J. M. D. Caesar 7. J. R. C. Webb Str. , D. R. Tassell Cox . N. S. Belam. . 2.

At a meeting of Eights Colours M. H. A: Boyd was· elected Captain and R. C. T. ·James Seer.etary for the ensuing academic year.

MARLOW , .<\ND HENLEY, 1939.

After Eights Week the:Fi,rst Crew contin.ued to go out, although they 'Yere seriously . hampered by Schools, which affected every member except one. Henley Week was a week later than usual this yei:tr, so it was decided not to race the crew at Marlow but let it rest' for Henley'. A iiew departure was .made, however, by sending a CoxswainIJ~s Four to Marfow to race in the Town Cup. Practically ii~coadted 'and ve~y ' schoolsed, ,- it succeeded in getting through t~o ;ounds, and incidentally beating the eventual winners of the Wyfolds at Henley, b~fore being beaten by New College.

At H~nley M,r. G. 0. Nickalls again coached us, and rapid progress was ~ade. we' drew Trinity Hall, Cambridge, both in the Ladies; Plate.r~nd the Visitor~', for which we had entered the Four.

Our oppo~~nts were ·a good crew, and a magnificent race resulted in the Hall being beaten by two-thirds of a length. Their Four also wak 'ioo .good: for ours, and they scored a second vietory by t~ree lengths. . .

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We are extremely grateful to the Aularian Association, whose generosity made it ¡possible for us to row at Henley again. The experience gained in a fortnight devoted entirely to rowing and the inspiration of the magnificent foreign crews at this Centenary Regatta will not soon be forgotten.

MARLOW. CoxswAINLESS FouR.

Bow. P. H. Mathews 2.

M. H. A. Boyd 3. R. C. T. James Str. A. G. Slemeck (steers) HENLEY. THE EIGHT.

THE FOUR.

Bow. M. H. A. Boyd 2.

P. W. Smith 3. G. 'North 4. M. P. Whitaker 5. B. A. Rogers 6. R. C. T. James 7. A. G. Slcmetk Str. P. H . Mathews Cox. A. C. Wace.

Bow. M. H. A. Boyd 2.

P. H. Mathews 3. A. G. Slemeck (steers) Str. R. C. T. James

A.G.S.

MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain-M. H. A.

BOYD.

Secretary-R.

C. T. }AMES.

Owing to the reduced numbers of undergraduates in residence this term all Colleges were amalgamated in pairs for athletic activities. Our partner was Queen's, and we are grateful to them for consenting to row with fixed pins and for allowing the Hall captain to govern the joint Club during this term. At an 0.U.B.C. captains' meeting it was decided to cancel all the normal fixtures and to hold races for clinker eights in the sixth week of term. Owing to the difficulty of arranging transport to Godstow or elsewhere, it was arranged that these races should take place on the home waters and should therefore be time races.

There were available three First Eight colours in the Hall and one in Queen's, and in addition there was P. L. Fanning, a freshman in Queen's, who stroked the victorious Radley crew two years ago. For the first period of practice we were fortunate in securing the ser~ices of Mr. Paul Burrough as coach, and Mr. Christopher Pepys kindly consented to come over from Cuddesdon in the afternoons to coach us in the second period of training. We are very grateful to them both and also to Mr. George Huse, who took us for the last few days.

TH E F IR ST E IG HT ,

1 9.; ~l -

SE CO\l D 0'.\1 TH E R IVEJ{.

G . W orth , M. 1-I . .·\ . Boyd, P . vVoud hou se Sm ith .

B . .'\. R ogers, P. 1-I . Math ews (stro/ze ), :\ . G. Slemeck (Capt . of Boats ), R . C. T . J a mes, C . H . j e ll a rd . .\. C . \V ~ c 0 (cox) .

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

69

~re found considerable difficulty in getting together and getting into training, largely owing to the fact that 0.T.d. periods made it impossible to go out more than four afternoons a week. However, by rowing two courses and doing a second long journey a few days before the races our difficulties were largely overcome.

In the first round we drew New College and Magdalen II. We unfortunately had the bottom station and after the Gut we had considerable difficulty in avoiding bumping them. Eventually one of their crew collapsed, and we finished the course unopposed in 7 mins. 37 sees., the fastest time of the day .. In the second round we met New College and Magdalen I, who gave us a very_good race. At the New Bridge they were 1 sec. up, but in the Gut we were level. At the O.U.B.C. we were 3 sees. up, and we gained along the Barges to win by 6 sees. Owing to a very strong current we took 1 min. 12 sees. longer than in the race against their second crew. :Later in the same day we mt;t Oriel and Hertford, and although some of us were rather weary and we were rowing against a fresh crew we won by 27 sees. In the final, however, Trinity and Balliol beat us by 4 sees. after an excellent race.

At the beginning of term it was also . decided to hold InterCollege Tub Fours for Freshmen who had not rowed at school. We consequently decided not to hold the usual Mawdesley . Fours, but to enter two crews for the 0.U.B.C. Freshmen's. Fours. Both crews were unfortunate in beip.g defeated on the first day, the First Four only losing by 2 sees. The races showed, nevertheless, that the Boat Club has several promising recruits to help it through these difficult times.

At a Colours meeting M. H. Tupper was elected Secretary, and it was decided that as there would be n~ First Eight Colours still in residence next term, H. L. McDowell, of Shrewsbury and Queen's, should be Captain of the joint Club.

Final order of rowing: - THE EIGHT.

Bow. J. N. Rostron (Queen's) 2.

M. H. Tupper 3¡ R. M. W. Powell 4. M. P. Whitaker S¡ H. L. McDowell (Queen's) 6. R. C. T. James A. Boyd 7. M. Str. P. L. Fanning (Queen's) Cox. D . Craighead (Queen's).

H:

70

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE FRESHMEN'S .FOURS. · .

FIRST CREW.

Bow .. R. P. Harding 2.

K. Hardacre 3. J.B. F. Eckersley . Str. F. J. Mee Cox. D. B. Smith.

SECOND CREW.

Bow. F. b;• Rushworth 2.

P. G. Smart 3. E. Rees Str. J.E. Cunningham Craig _Cox. M. H. Tupper.

M.H.A.B.

THE CRICKET CLUB

Captain-D.

C. KENNEDY.

Secretary- K. B.

HALLOWES.

At first the season gave promise of being a most successful one, but though the material was there the side seldom showed that form of which it was capable.

In the face of strong opposition, however; the team gave of its best, and against Brasenose in particular something of the Hall spirit was shown. Brasei1ose having declared with 160 runs for four wickets gave us an hour and a half in which to make the runs.

Thanks to the free and forceful batting of D. E. Davies and more e specially of A. K. Sharp, we had made 150 of those runs for the loss of three wickets when stumps were drawn.

Amongst our batsmen A. K. Sharp was outstanding, and it was a great pity he did not ' strike form ' in his Seniors trial. He is to be congratulated on being elected to the Authentics Club. D. E. Davies, a free and forceful opening batsman, was most successful throughout the season, and together with R. E. Alton, a batsman of true Northern tenacity, was often responsible for giving the Hall a good start. · Othe_r batsmen capable of making runs were N. G. Gee, P. P. Bloy, C. B. Dean and K. B. Hallowes, but alas! they failed to 'find their form ' very often and produce the cricket of which they were capable. D. S. Morgan, when he was 'seeing the ball,' gave some exhilarating exhibitions of how cricket ought not to be played, strictly speaking, but which the onlookers found most entertaining and the bowlers most annoying. E. LI. Jones and E. C . C. Wynter were also capable of using the ' long handle' in a useful manner.

Our attack was weak, and we had to rely chiefly on the inde1.atiguable C. P. Walsh, a tower of strength to the side. P. P. Bloy was extremely erratic, but when he ' found a length ' he became brilliant. His' devil's hat-trick,' i.e. four wickets in four successive balls, against Corpus Christi was a memorable feat. F. H. ;Pedley, D. S. Morgan, R. E. Alton, D. E. Davies and K. B. Hallowes were also capable of taking wickets 'on their day.'

; ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE Unfortunately, D. C. Kennedy was not able to play very often owing to ' stress of work for Schools, and s6 his 'place ])ehind the stumps:had to be filled either by C. B, i;:>~ah C>r D. $. Morgan.

The followi~g hl1ve played for the H:aU:_.:.D'.~c. ,Kennedy, K. B. Ha!lowes, .A. K , Sharp, C. P. \7\Talsh, D. S .,Morgan, E .- Ll. Jones, E. C. C. Wynter,]. D. Rosser, H. H; Pennington, N. Bartleet, R. E. Alton, P. P. Bloy, N. G. Gee, D. E. Davies, C. B. Dean, F. H. Pedley, C. L. Robathan, R. J. Griffith, S. C. Woodger; o ; P. Davies, P. M. Smith, V. M. Wilford, R . Mclsaac, E. W. Sudale, J. F : G. Sootheran, M. W ~ Pitt.

Colours were awarded to:~P. P. Bloy,. R. E. Alton; N. G. Gee, · D. E. Davies and C. B. Dean .. · At a meeting of Colours IC B. Hallowes wa's elected Captain and N. G. Gee Secretary forthe ensuing sea's oh.

K.B.H. THE RUGBY FQQT'BAL.L . CLUB HILARY TERM, 1939 .· . ... .

Captain-D. N:. F. KEMPSTON. Secretary-:--:-;\'. K. SHARP , In the Cup-ties we achieved a success by getting into,,th(! s~mi~ finals and losing by only nine points to .RN.~. II) the first l'.o und against Oriel we had rather a scrappy game in w.h ich the Secretary unfortunately had a recurrence of last ye.a r's sh.ould~r injury ;. in spite of this we won fairly easi.ly; the g;.ime wasmore.ml1rked by ta~tical touch-find,irtg by the fly-ha1£,and off~sides by the wing _forwards than any constructive pl~y. . ~n the second round we played much better football on our own gro~nd against Magdalen, the wing three-quarters .bqth i;unning strong-ly. In the semi~final we played B.N:.C. on the .Jffiey Road ground; our main-hope had been to get more oft.h e ball and to give their three-quarters little chance; unluckily we failed, and -it was only a matter of-time until their fly-half broke through in an individuai run and scored .. It was onlystrpng backing by our threequarters and a certain amount of ' bungling ' by their three-quarters that prevented the score being larger.

Colours were awarded to C. E. B. B. Simpson, M. W. Pitt, P. W 7 Burgess, C. B. Dean; E. LL Jones, F. H. Pedley, R. R. Rylands _anc:!,J. D. Rosser.

C.E.B.B.S. MICHAELMAS TERM

Captafri:-E: C. C. WYNTER. Secretary-C. E. B.B. SIMPSON. Unluckily the Captain~ did not come into residence thiS:term, nor did any third or fourth year men, so we started the season with two · Colours and five other second year players.

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The main item has been League matches. VJ'e have combined with Queen's with a fair amount of numerical evenness, the one only getting an increase on the other because of injuries. For our League we have had a well-balanced team in all positions with no really outstanding players. We started the season with six very good wing forwards and two very good hookers but no one for the second row; however, by placing a wing forward and a hooker in the second row, we have made a very solid and mobile scrum which has always been capable of hustling its opponents . \ i\There we have scored over opponents has been helped by the fact that when anyone is injured or otherwise unable to play we always have a substitute practically as good as the original for every position on the field. \ i\T e did feel somewhat aggrieved at being put in the Second Division, but, finding this unalterable, we set about our opponents in no uncertain fashion by winning all our League matches and scoring 120 points to 23.

As far as individual talent goes, we have had R. H. Coulston and R. T. C. \tVorsley , two of our many wing forwards, playing for the Greyhounds.

Colours were awarded to R. A. Bishop, R. H. Coulston, R. B. Fletcher, C. M. Lavender, J. S. McAdam and R. C. Upham, C.E.B.B.S. THE ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL CLUB HILARY TERM, 1939

Captain- J.

McMANNERS.

Secretary-C.

GRAYSON.

The gradual decrease in supply of enthusiastic Soccer players during the past two years has resulted in our inability to field a r~gular XI and a consequent fall in the League tables. Calling upon the other clubs of the Hall for support meant the continual reshuffling of combination and inevitable weakness through lack of practice. In such a position we could have little chance of progressing far in the Cup-ties, and received an immediate setback in drawing Christ Church for the first round. Despite valiant efforts, we were unable to cope with these First Division leaders, who eliminated us by a decisive defeat.

Apart from isolated victories over Corpus, Waclham and Hertford, our general weakness was apparent, but in the small nucleus of regular playe rs there lay promise for the following season, provided that new men could be added in the Michaelmas Term to establish a stable combination. Unfortunately, this promise has been blighted by the war, and, at least for a while, the Soccer Club

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ha~resigned its independence to amalgamate with Queen's College. ¡The Cup-tie side was: -T. Russell, H. Taberner, H. H. Pennington, F. H. Pedley, J. McManners, C. Grayson, P. P. Eloy, S. C. \Voodger, A. J. Perry, D , E. Davies, N. G. Gee. Colours were awarded to: - P. P. Eloy, A. J.. Perry, S. C. Woodger, C. Grayson, D. E. Davies, N. G. Gee, F. H. Pedley.

C.G. MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain-C.

GRAYSON.

Despite existing conditions, the combined Clubs have been fortunate in having a full term of Lea'g ue fixtures, which have aroused enthusiasm and provided enjoyable games, even though our success has scarcely equalled expectations. Playing in the Second Division of the new League system, we have had a moderately successful term consisting of three victories and five defeats with one drawn match; but, owing to an over-sufficiency of players and to the lack of Second XI fixtures, many enthusiastic Soccer men, both freshmen and older members of the Hall, have been unable to get a game. This will be remedied next term by a possible, though unfortunate, decrease in numbers, and, it is hoped, by the arrangement of Second XI matches in addition to League, and Cup~tie fixtures promised for the Hilary Term. We have had quite a number of promising freshmen, and it is particularly to them that the Club addresses its apologies with hopes for the future. Congratulations are due to D. E. Cattell on playing in the Freshmen's Final for the University against The Rest and also for the Centaurs.

C.G. THE HOCKEY CLUB HILARY TERM, 1939 Captain-]. H. EDINGER. Secretary-M. S.

PRESTON.

As usual in the Hilary Term, the main activity was in . Cup-tie matches. It was soon obvious that the team was best suited for hard grounds, and in this respect the bad weather was unfortunate.

A bye took us into the second round of the competition, where we met Queen's. An exceedingly grim game was played in deplorable weather, but, thanks to the dour determination of the players and the enthusiasm of the supporters, the Hall team emerged from the mud execrated, exhausted, but exalting in a 2~1 victory. There was little opportunity for good hockey to be played on either side.

It was to be regretted tha1 the next match against SL Peter~s Hall was played the day after the celebrations of a Bump Supper. There was no doubt that our opponents, who had two Blues and several

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Occasionals, were the superior side, but we had hopes that our keenness and training (and our glucose) might see us through. We 路 put up a good fight, but their defence was impregnable, and this allowed them to play a forcing game, giving them a 2--0 路 victory.

J. M. U. Robins played a brilliant game in goal.

This match was the climax of serious hockey. A very pleasant trip was made to Charterhouse, :when we lost both the game against the School and a wheel off one of the cars. On the way back many sampled the attractions of the Secretary's home town and found them good. One rather monotonous game was played against St. Catherine's, when we won, 15-1; quite how the goal against us was scored nobody remembers! . It was regretted by many that no mixed hockey was played.

Fifteen games were arranged for the Second XI, and all but one of these were cancelled by opponents or because of the weather.

The match played resulted in a win by five goals to nil.

J. H. Edinger and M. S. Preston both played for the Occasionals during the season.

Colours were awarded to: - R. E. Alton, D. W. Boyd, K. B. Hallowes, J. M. Hallsmith, R. Mclsaac, J. M. U. Robins and D . G. C. Salt.

The following represented the Hall in Cup-ties: - J. M. U. Robins, S. vV. N. Phillips, D. G. C. Salt, D. C. Kennedy, J. H. Edinger, R. Mclsaac, M. S. Preston, G. LI. Thom as, D. W. Boyd, R. E. Alton, J. l\.'I. Hallsmith, K. B. H ailowes .

R.M. MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain -

R. MclsAAc.

At the beginning of term we found that seven old Colours were still in residence, and with one or two useful freshmen we were able to put out quite a 路strong side. It was therefore in some ways unfortunate that we had to combine with Queen's, as this meant fewer men getting good games. On the other hand, the combined side fitted in very well together and had an enjoyable and successful season .

The combined First XI played seventeen games, of which eight 路were won , five lost and four drawn. Of these, eleven were League matches, of which six were won, three lost and two drawn. The combined Second XI was very strong and won four out of five games.

The Hall side was able to play one game in its own colours, and this was against the Colonial Services Club, a strong side which

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-inch}ded the University Captain and several Occasionals. This game was the hardest fought and probably _the most enjoyable-_of the seas9n, and the Hall side played really•good hard hockey, losing only _by 2-3 : When we were ai?le to field a full side under the cheerful and a_b le captaincy of D. Vil_, l:Iorrocks of Queen's, the League team .·was a formidable one, although the forwards were inclined to display a weakness in the circle. J. M. U. Robins played well in goal and K . .B, _Hallowes was consistently brilliant at full-back. The two wings, J. F. G. Sootheran and R. E . Alton, developed ~ell and played soun_d hockey throughout the season.

At the time of writing, we appear to be second in the League table with our fourteen points. Corpus and Pembroke are quite safe with their eighteen points and '.two games to play, but it seems unlikely that any of the other Colleges will pass our total. -, We congratulate N. G.Long, J, M. U. Robins and D. B: Smith on their Hockey Trials and D. C. Kennedy on playing , for the Occasionals.

Th_e following members of the Hall have played regularly for the League side.: - R. E.. Alton, K. B. Hallowes, R. Mcisaac, J. M. U. Robins, J. F . G. Sootheran. The following have also played in League matches :-D. W. Boyd, A. J. Lee, N. G. Long, D. B. Smith, E. G. H. Turner, W. L. Ward. Colours were awarded to J. F. G. Sootheran.

R.M. THE ATHLETIC CLUB HILARY AND TRINITY TERMS, 1939 Captain-A. J. ENSOR. Secretary-C. J. H. STAREY. The Athletic Club, though not achieving such striking success as ~oll1e other Hall clubs, nevertheless in:iproved on their performances in the _last few years by surviving until .the quarter-finals of the Cup-ties. We defeated St. Catherine's in the second round and Merton in the next ; the latter m_atch we won by o~e point, thanks to G. 1-LThompson's fine form in the Two Miles and A. J. Ensor's sterling 440 Yards. In the quarter-finals we succumbed unblushingly to Trinity, who overran us completely. . The Hall Sports were . held in traditional style, and provided excellent .and sometimes thrilliµg entertainment for the small crowd.

The _nu~ber of competitors was less than u.s ual, but the performances of those who eventu-ally walked off with the beer mugs were no less _meritorious. The high~lights were A. K. Sharp's double in th~ .l-Iigh Jump and 220 Yards Low Hurdles; C. E . B. B. Simpson's

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fifteen stone, which left Oxfordshire while travelling nearly eighteen feet; G. H. Thompson, who legged it round the Half with scant consideration for the rest of the field; and K. B. Hallowes, who showed that a pole could be used to advantage in the Pole Vault.

The results were : roo Yards.-1, C. J. H. Starey; 2, R. Mcisaac.

Long Jump.-1, C. E. B. B. Simpson; 2, C. J. H. Starey.

High Jump.-1, A. K. Sharp; 2, G. H. Thompson.

Weight.-1, E. C. C. Wynter.

Discus.-1, R. M. W. Powell.

880 Yards.-1, G. H. Thompson; 2, T. Russell.

220 Yards Low Hurdles.-1, A. K. Sharp; 2, C. M. Kelly .

Pole Vault.-1, K. B. Hallowes.

440 Yards. -1 , R. C. T. James.

Finally, we should point out that the Club owed much of its success last year to the example and enthusiasm of H. R. Durham, and we wish A. J. Ensor were here to carry on the good work this term.

C.J.H.S. MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain-C.

J.

H.

STAREY .

The Hall Athletic Club amalgamated with Queen's this term, and the normal peace-time events were organised by the 0. U .A.C. We were represented in the Freshmen's and Seniors' Sports at the beginning of term, and G. Harper King did well to gain third place in the Freshmen's Quarter-Mile.

The amalgamated S.E.H. and Queen's Club entered for the Inter-College Relays and qualified for the final in three out of five events. We were not fully represented in any of these events, so that the results we achieved were very satisfactory.

In the 4 x roo Yards Relay bad baton-changing wa s chiefly responsible for our failure to enter the final.

In the 440 x 220 x 220 x 440 Yards Relay we were badly outpaced in the final, but G . Harper King showed great promise over the first quarter of a mile.

In the 220 Yards Low Hurdles A . E. Barker, the Queen's Captain, was badly missed in the final. In the long-distance relay we were only just beaten out of third place; K . B. Hallowes ran a fine half-mile, and D. H. Cox of Queen's in the last mile, after making up twenty yards, was just unable to stave off the finishing spurt of the man he had passed.

The writer would like to thank all those who have taken part in the relays this term, and is convinced that the 'all-round ' ability which is shown in the Club augurs well for the future .

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The following have represented the Hall in the College Relays:100 Yards: C. J. H. Starey, 0. P. Davies, G. Harper King.

220 Yards: 0. P. Davies, C.]. H. Starey. ' 220 Yards Low Hurdles: C. ]. H. Starey, 0 .. P. Da vies, C. Grayson.

440 Yards : G. Harper King.

880 Yards: K. B. Hallowes, J. F. O'Donovan.

C.J.H.S.

Captain-].

THE LAWN TENNIS CLUB Secretary-]. C .. PALMER. McMANNERS.

The traditional mantle left by a generation of captains of tennis has invariably been one of a humble sackcloth material, embroidered with a hope that the Club might, one day in the future, get through at least one round in Cup-ties. To be drawn against Hertford was our last year's misfortune. This year, with an extremely efficient First VI, it was equally disappointing to find we were to meet N:ew College at the very outset. The Second VI, too, which even at the best of times tended to be in the nature of a forlorn hope, recruited by conscription, had even less opportunity to display any abiiity when confronted with Magdalen II. So far as friendly encounters are concerned, our history affords a less barren prospect. The Old Aularians, who, !)O far as oral tradition can carry us, invariably seem to put the Hall to rout, on this occasion barely managed to bear off the odd match. Our performance, in fact, was particularly noteworthy .when it ¡ is remembered that three of our brightest stars were, at the time, engulfed in Schools~or other less exacting diversions.

Tennis Colours have been awarded to H. R. Thomas, G. H. Thompson, G. S. Tothill and D. G. C. Salt.

For next season, J. C. Palmer and B. G. Sexton have been elected Captain and Secretary respectively.

J.McM. THE SWIMMING CLUB Captain-M. M. HENNELL. We have first to congratulate N. E. Monie on captaining the Univ_e rsity side against ¡Cambridge and again on winning the 100 Yards Breast Stroke.

During the past year lnter~Collegiate activities have been suspended first by the fact that the baths used by the University are no longer in Merton Street but .in Temple Road, Cowley, an,d secondly by the war, for the duration of which only friendly water-

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polo matches organised by the Colleges. concerned will be played.

The move to Cowley will be welcomed by all swiinmers, for the new palatial premises present a welcome contrast to the dingy depths of the Merton Street Baths.

M.M. H. !HE SQUASH RACKETS CLUB

Captain-D. G. C.

SALT.

The increas ing interest during recent years on the part of members of the Hall in the game of squash has seemed to justify, even . in war-time, the formation of a club .. It was unfortunate that we were unable to co-ope.rate with Queen 1s in this sport. The congestion on Queen's courts, made doubly worse by them not being ¡. 'blacked-out,' prevented. us from playing a single match on them .

However, our opponents were kind, and we played some exciting matches against Lincoln,_ to whom. we lost 3-2, St. John's and Worcester, both of whom we beat 3-2.

A. F. Macdonald has been a very regular player and proved a very competent first string. Among others who helped us to victory were J. C. Palmer, Mr. G. D. Ramsay, D. W, Boyd and D. B. Smith, a freshman who proved very useful. The excitement of the term, as. far as squash was concerned, was the erection ofa squash ladder; this_has given a very fair indication of the inqividual stanc <lard of play .among our squash-playing community, which has grown beyond all expectations a nd now totals over twenty-five members. vVe would like to thank the S.C.R. for their co-operation in this scheme, for they have helped tJS . in no ¡small way in encouraging the game.

D .G.C.S.

PERUVIAN PEREGRINATION

F

OR an hour the train had wo und. fr. etfully uphill. Behind it spread a view of dawn breaking through the mists hangir:ig over the narrow, crooked streets and Spanish colonial architecture of La Paz. The ' City of Our Lady of P eace ,' to give it its full name, is the capital of a country still under martial law after one of the most desperate and cold-blooded wars of this decade .

Dominating the scene was the white and massive mountain of Illimani, its snow struck by the early sunlight and showing up the . full glory of its 25,000 feet. Although only thirty miles away, it seemed right on top of the dark green trees and brilliant green pasture land surrounding the town.

ST. EDM.U ND JIALL MAGAZINE I;Iaving made the ascep.t the train stopped, a11d aggressively spat out_ ;team at the .assembled company of Bolivian Indians who had gathe~ed to watch the weekly ' International ' make the. _ g rade, .• One o~ tvvP .Indians clutched their brightly colour.ed bundles and climbed on board. A stray llama was driven off the line and the engine made a few ten~ative jo!ts fo_rwai:d in. the 9irection of Lake Titicaca and Peru. At Quiaca we descended and were vainly search~d for vicufia skins and Bolivfan silver, once the sole property of the Incas and still contraband for the foreigner : · Iri a country whose inland postage rates are set fifty . per cent. high'Cr than its postage rates to any other part .of the globe, one naturally ·expects curiosities of ttavel. The Bolivian approach to Peru 'fu'lly . satisfies any such expectatiofi. Shortly after leaving Quiaca we· sat eating 'lunch iri the luxurious' dining saloon of a:· steamer at a height of over two miles above sea level_, while outside there drifted past the port-holes' the Islands of the Sun and Moon. · The wife of the Italian Ambassador to a South American Republic •sfared at them rather unhappily. ' I hate islands,' she remarked, hastily adding to me, the only Eng1ishnian present, that this did · not inelude the British Isles. .

Certainly the Sun · and Moon Islands· were forbidding and un~ · attractive, but there was little else that was not beautiful · on the lake. ·· Seagulls, wild duck, and birds like moorhens which ran skimming over the wat_e r surrounded the ship on ·e very side.

Indians · in wicker~work ' balsas ' with sails of woven i:eeds came out to their fishing grounds, and everywhere around us the moun- ' tains rose from the water, their delicate pink and green slopes lacerated by the fan-shaped marks of spring avalanches of snow.

All the afternoon we threaded a way through the Willow Pattern · of islands. Quite suddenly at 6 o'clock a breeze flurried into spray the surface of th.e lake. Even 15:0 sotith of the Equator it was bitterly cold, and looking round we saw that only the everlastirig · ~hiteness of the peaks of the Cordillera Real of the Andes was still -in the sunlight. Night fell as we reached the shores of Peru, but only that could obscure the sight of mountains which · had ilppeared distant even when we began the day's journey that morning.

Peruvians fo-day are not' an exotic people. Eighty per cent. of the population ·are Indians, dulled mentally and physically by continually chewing · a drug, ' coca,' by drinking fermented sugar cane, ea'tirig badly and too infrequently and living poorly in trying climatic ·conditions. Bu_t Peru to~day means merely Lima and Ca)Jao to . the world outside. In all other respects it is purely a land of

all

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imagination, slumbering in memories of the Inca Empire and the astounding bravery and lust for gold of Pizarro and his Conqistadores.

So little is certain of the original homeland of the Incas that yo u or I can never be contradicted if we claim , either that they were a remnant of Ulysses' lost fleet driven from Troy in their ar rogance and doomed to wander the seven seas,. or that th ey were indeed th e 'Children of the Sun,' as they themselves claimed.

Peruvians h ave always worshipped the Sun, and the Sun is the centre of their national emblem, so that his children might well have stepped to earth on part of the Cordillera Real two or three miles closer to the heavens than most parts of the . surface of the globe .

But either account of their origin would have satisfied the Italian Ambassador's wife when she and her husband and I drove out of Cuzco one Sunday morning to attend Mass fifty miles away at Pissaj, a village famous, according to the Sunday Express, for breeding chickens without any feathers. We never saw the c hickens, but our imagination discovered the Incas .

The church was an ' adobie,' double-cupolaed building with a mud floor, no chairs, and an organ that seemed no more tha n a kind of large J ew 's harp with an ingenious sounding-board. vVe stood huddled together as score after score of bare-footed Indians packed themselves around us ; the men in short trousers and uniform red, yellow and black striped 'ponchos,' the women with bright shawls, embroidered bodices and full-shaped heavy skirts.

Sometimes they were silent in deepest reverence, sometimes they wept and swayed in a fervour of emotion, for a time they were mute and contented w hile the priest harang ued them in their native tongue, merely breaking into Spanish to mention that they were sinners, a fact which, conveniently, could not be expressed in Quichuan.

The official 'sidesmen,' however, most attracted our attention.

They carried black hardwood staves bound with silver. At the Elevation of the Sacrament and when t he service was ended they blew on shells like g iant conches, which sent a mournful note echoing deeply down the valley. This w as impressive enough, but their faces were so finely cut, their skin so firm and smooth in comparison with the remainder of the congregation, that, to our thinking, only ari Inca or a Greek origin was possible for them.

Cuzco, ¡its buildings and ruins and the stories woven round it, is witness to the greatness of the Inca Empire, which was perhaps the orily successful attempt at communist government in history.

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Like the Romans; the Incas knew that speed of communication was a secret of successful imperialism-hence their roads. .B ut to h:o.ve made destitution and wealth community-crimes, and to have conquered their neighbours by kindness and education, were the real hall-marks of their genius. Yet it is the architecturally less impressive ruins throughout Peru, the remnants of hazardous . bridges and the traces of fortresses at the tops of apparently unscalable mountains, which most impress one with the truth of what Inca government must have implied, Of these ruins, MachiuPichu, even if largely older than the main Empire, is a spectacular and romantic survival of a time when the 'undiscovered' New World was already old.

To cover the hundred and ten kilometres to ¡ Machiu-Pichu from Cuzco, and to return the same day, necessitated hiring an ' autowagon ' for ten passengers, and fortunately there were sufficient tourists in the town when I was there for a party to be made up. The ' autowagon ' runs ort a single track railway and rises out of Cuzco by a cunning use of forward and reverse gear as it shunts up the mountainside. Every dog in the district stirs from its sleep in the mid-day sun to race barking savagely alongside it, and every mule, llama and alpaca trots in from the neighbouring fields to challenge death and the furious driver's ability to apply the brakes by pretending to be chased for a few hundred metres down the permanent way. A final long descent dovvn a river valley gay with yellow broom, and the line comes to a sudden terminus where the vaJley is nearly two thousand feet deep.

The town of Machiu-Pichu was hidden both from the river and the old road which made an extension of the railway. We cl"mbed up towards it until the river no longer roared between massive, worn boulders, but was silent in a white line of spray and foam.

The ruins were still above, rising steeply in a jumble of terraces in the clo'u ds and precipitous peaks of thickly-wooded mountains. All among them were delphiniums and orchids and every conce'.vable wild flower. Higher stiH, watching for a sign of movement, condors hovered where the air would seem too thin to support their weight.

It was on the way back from here that I cast in my lot with two Americans who were starting from Cuzco the next morning to travel to Lima. Their route lay along a projected road which was fit for some sort of wheeled traffic for the whole of its eight hundred kilometres exceRt for a break of one hundred miles or so in the middle, over which they hoped to travel on mules. ¡ These two, who shall be known in future as Al and John, were true Americans iri their pioneering desire to come face to face with

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difficulties. But as we sat at breakfast before leaving Cuzco, we had to admit to each other th at our preparations for this trip and our three cumbersome suitcases were about as inappropriate as they could be, even for a short mule journey in the Andes. The waiter who poured out our coffee asked in a hushed voice, ' You are n ot afraid . . . of bandits? ' \/Ve were sure enough that there were none in the Andes to be pleased with him for this question, and Al said he thought he had a g un somewhere in his suitcase.

A converted ' Ford shooting-brake,' or what an American calls a ' s tation waggon,' leaves Cuzco three times a week for a village, a clay's journey away, called Abancay, and this was to be our fi rst means of transport. The three of us sat in the back seat and a lternately cursed and praised the daring of the driver as he sc ream ed round hair-pin bends on the loose gravel of a precipitous road hig h above the valley of a broad shallow riv er. The scenery was glo~ious, though always on a p erpendicular plane. Always a snow peak standing out among the dusty reel of the lower mountains. Always yellow broom and rich g reen pasturelancl at the bottom of the valleys. 路 ' It's all very weH,' said Al, 'but it can't be impossible for snmething else to be on the road at the same time as us, and certainly a blow-out of one of the tyres wo uld write off this truck load.'

J ohn and I murmured a reass urance and gave up looking out of th e car when we went round the bends .

In the morning we h ad been stopped in a small town an d inspected by the local police , who never even made us leave the car, for we h a nded them some oranges out of the window which won their favour at once. But d uring路 the hottest part of the afternoon we crossed in to the province of Abancay, and there h ad to present ourselves b efore the ' Cuerpo de Investigacion y Vigilencia ,. -in their g uardroom. They were dressed like Canadian 'mounties' and armed with rifles, so we did our best to satisfy them with lengthy explanations to the effect t hat we we re m erely ' paseando ' in their p rovince . Later we met this kind of 'control' so fr eq uen tly that we learn t just to shout out the 路number on our passports as correctly as we could remember and travelled on .

Abancay was an averagely di rty little town, and th ere began th<:' stories which dogged us continually all the way t o L ima . 'You wo n't find m ules here . . . . The road is unfinished so that you cannot reach the next town . . . . Why not wait until the e nd of the week? ' The greatest uncertainty of all seemed to b e how far the road by which we had come cont inued in the direction of Lima . 路 However, with the help of a German engin eer w ho was in

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charge of road construction, and a garrulous army officer, we arranged for a car to drive us oui: of town ear-Iy the following morning and to take us as far as the road proved to have been constructed. This was some twenty-five kilometres further than ¡ the driver originally hoped, and he nearly wept with bitterness when we refused to pay him more than the twenty-six ' soles ' that had previously been agreed upon. Finally, having waited at one point for a score of labourers and a steam shovel to make the road a t all passable, we reached the shoulder of a mountain at a point known as Tres Cruces, where three tattered crosses indeed marked the previous Passiontide celebrations.

The driver seized his money, turned round, and sped away for home after assuring us that we were only six kilometres from the nearest village, by name Huancarana. But it was terribly hot and wearisome to carry suitcases at that altitude, and by 1 o 'clock, with three kilometres to go and only an orange inside each of us for breakfast, we were tired and anxious for a sight of the village.

Suddenly there was a clatter of horses making the ascent .to meet us, and in a few minutes we came face to face with the Governor of Huancarana and a retinue of his friends. He was a heartening little man, and almost the only Peruvian we met who thought that mules would be easily hired in his village. Then, seeing our suitcases, he whistled up an Indian to carry them. This oldish man, who could scarcely lift one suitcase in his arms, strung all three roped upon his back and trotted placidly downhill with scarcely a stop, chewing ' coca ' all the way.

All that day and evening we sat about the village plaza waiting for ¡t he return of the Governor to make definite terms for mules for the next morning. Long grass had grow~ up in the plaza, which was surrounded by a bedraggled pergola. In one corner three fat sows rolled and rooted in the dust; in another, the Governor's wife sat knitting at the door of the post office. The houses, all of ad_o bie, had once been white, but now were stained and muddy. I lay on a stone bench and, looking at the beauty of the surrounding mountains, felt their beauty spoilt for me by the squalor and apathy of the people who lived among them. After a time the post-master wandered out and sat beside me . He spoke enthusiastically of the vast extent of Peru and of her mineral and agricultural wealth, but shook his head hopelessly at the backwardness of the people.

The Governor arrived, back late that night, promised riding animals for the next day, and retired, to sleep until well after the _time we were due to leave. It was fortunate for him that Al, in particular, never saw him ' again, for his so-called good mounts

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turned out to be two mountain ponies, and two mules which we suspected of being donkeys. Moreover the Indian guide, who was to travel on foot, spoke the merest smattering of irrelevant Spanish.

Every man in the village contradicted his neighbour about the distance that we had to go, and the eventual eleven or twelve leaguesabout thirty-five miles - was reported to be between six and eight on a road which could easily be covered by four o'clock that afternoon.

Travelling in the Andes at eleven or twelve thousand feet is a long¡ succession of heart-breaking climbs and descents to get over the endless range of mountains, so that a goo d mule only averages about a league an hour and quickly becomes out of breath. W e urged on our wretched little beasts for about four and a half leagues before lunch, passing one or two baggage trains and being overtaken by one romantically dressed Indian playin g on a softlymelodious wooden pipe. He stopped playing as his mule drew up with us, but ambled silently past looking to neither side, and Al, who was riding a few hundred yards ahead, found that he was deaf and dumb. No one has ever given me such an impression of solitary other-worldliness.

We had a birthday that day to celebrate, and imagining that we were well on the way, stopped for two and a half hours' at lunch time and cooked meat and eggs and drank wine for the occasion.

And so it was that, b y nightfall , havin g long ago taken to leading¡ the animals and finding ourselves continually running into dense clouds of rain, we were adv ised by the guide to take shelter in an Indian house . As the likelihood of disease made this proposal more than dangerous, we decided to press on to our destination, the vi.Uage of Andahuylas.

For six hours of darkness, until 1.0 a.m., we struggled and lunged about on that hidden pathway. Pouring rain swamped the ground and made it almost impossible to stand uprig ht: every step mean t dragging the miserable animals. \ 1\Te took a few bad falls, so that it was lucky perhaps that in the darkness we never knew of our real danger. The Indian became very tired, and we put him on one of the horses in the hope of encouragi ng him to give up his idea of stopping before we reached Andahuylas. But at the next bridge t here was a yell, and the horse had slithered from under him into the stream beneath. Vile gazed down into it, but could see and hear nothing, arid so decided to abandon the poor beast for the night.

An hour later a dog began to bark in a valley far ahead of us, and turning to ask the guide if that was the right direction to follow, we discovered that he too had left us.

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Al and John were quite impervious to things of this kind and were heartening in their readiness to spend the rest of the night wandering in the Andes. However, miraculously, the Indian suddenly reappeared out of the g loom riding the lost horse. We never discovered¡ how he resc ued it, but it was enough that he had done so, and we cheerfully slithered down the valley to the ' hotel ' of a town which, however filthy, could produce brandy and hot milk in the early hours of the morning.

By the time we awoke the next day, the sun was too high to think of looking for more mules and of setting off again before the following morning. In addition, I discovered that in a bad fall the night before I had pulled a tendon in my right ankle and could scarcely walk. It had given little trouble until I had removed the riding boot from it, but now there was no hope of getting the boot back again. And so it was left chiefly to Al and John to find and -bargain for the animals. They did this in the end with the help of the Sub-Prefect of Andahuylas, supported by a number of the villagers_, who beat down the price of a crafty old Peruvian who knew that he was the possessor of the only four possible mules in the district.

In addition we hired a thoroughly efficient Indian guide on a powerful little horse, so that after a day's rest we were able to clatter out of town at a steady trot, splashing over a shallow river to follow its farther bank westward.

It was obvious from the speed of this river, which fell in cascades to meet us, that the highest point of our trip was yet to be reached. For the first five hours we ascended steadily through rich pasture land studded with eucalyptus trees. If ever little hills and valleys 'laugh and sing,' it is -there in the highlands of Peru.

Yellow kingfishers, rock pippits and birds like bullfinches, yellow and black and red, darted up the clear mountain streams. The banks were alive with bright flowers and shrubs, brilliant in that quickening sunlight.

At mid-day the mules were feeling the strain of the altitude badly. We dismounted and lay eating lunch in the grass and staring over a view that ca nnot have been less than a hundred miles in extent. Typ'.cal P e ruvian scenery of green pastures in the foreground, and, behind, ranges of pink and brown mountains, the distant ones purple with the haze between them, and far, far beyond, the gleaming white of the always evident snow peaks. Then on till after nightfall to Ghincholos, making a final descent, in the dark, down a boulder-strewn half-precipice which was something _only for mules to negotiate.

The village and its miserable ' h~tel ' were not pleased to wel~

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come us at night, to coax a stubborn fire in the open on which to fry some eggs, and to be told that we wished to leave at 4.0 a.m. the following morning. W.e had been informed at Andahuylas that two days after we left there, at mid-day, some kind of a car or lorry was to leave Pajonal, the point where the new road began its track again. So we were now faced with a seven hour ride the following morning to catch this conveyance, whatever it might prove to be.

In the dark before dawn we saddled and mounted the mules, leaving the town as fast asleep then as it had been when we had ridden in the previous night.

At once we began descending. At first through a plantation of young trees, and so into sight of the wide, boulder-strewn valley of the Rio Pampas below at our feet . Suddenly there was a flash of green and vivid red_, accompanied by a loud screeching. Parrots and parrakeets ; the valley was full of them. We had left the tops of the mountains and were entering the sub-tropical vegetation and the climate which one might expect to find at a latitude so near the Equator.

The mules became more lively in the stronger air, and we trotted briskly along a sandy track close above th e river, dodging the thorn bushes and cacti which clutched at us, and admiring the rather vulgar profusion of the sub-tropical plants. The sun was rising fast, and we stripped off sweaters that had recently been insufficient protection from the cold . The mules b egan to walk ; occasionally to stop, dead-beat ; and it was a little before mid-day when the guide pointed to a swing bridge. 'There lies Pajonal and the high-road,' he said enthusiastically. One by one we led the mules ove r th e bridge, which sways and dances too high above the river for the peace of mind of a ny animal unless he has the whole of it to himself.

The lorry was due in fifteen minutes, a nd we gratefully accepted thio offer of the owner of an ' hacienda' at Pajonal to rest in the shelter of his buildings and suck oranges fresh from his trees.

This hospitable stranger had a plant for makin g a spirit called 'pisjo' from fermented sugar cane , and turned out to be a German and a keen memher of the 'Party.' Indeed his rooms were littered with official propaganda periodicals. These were for his own information, but finding that Al spoke fluent Germa n, he poured out hi s woes against Brita in and Fra nce, while John and I slapped and flicked at the most virulent .race of red mosquitoes that it had ever b een our misfortune to meet.

The fifteen minutes long past, the hours dragged on until in the dark of the evening at about 7 o'clock the lorry trundled in.

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''i\That time are you returning?' we eagerly asked of the driver. ' Wh~ knows . . . to-morrow perhaps, or later when there are enough passengers to make it worth while. Why do you ask? ' 'But we were told in Andahuyla:s . . . ' We furiously informed him of the time-table which he was supposed to keep. ' Ah, but this is not an offidal service,' he objt!cted. \

In desperation we haggled and shouted and overpaid him to return that night to Ayacucho, and finally left a,t 9.~ P:m. on a six hour drive over a mountain road that to the three of us looked wickedly precarious. The driver had had time in Pajonal to get a little drunk, and Al claimed that he was chewing ' coca' all the way. I had had riothing all day ex<;ept a plate of soup and far too many oranges, so, at the back of the lorry, I stared out at a ·huge yellow moon rising over the mountains and was heartily sick.

It might have been possible to have · caught another bi-weekly conveyance out of Ayac.ucho at 3 o'clock that morning, but I felt tod ill to travel further, and Al and John charitably stayed behind in this muddy little town.

• The town sport appeared to be cock-fighting, and , outside the door of each room round the ' patio' of the hotel was tethered-for want of the correct word-a fierce and speckled cockerel. Dawn came two hours after we got to bed-and the cockerels recognised it. But this and the complete absence of sanitation were only two of the reasons which sent us the next morning, bag in hand, ta sit hopefully on the high-road running west, though everyone assured us that no conveyance would pass along it for another two days.

Happily the town was wrong, and we managed to 'catch a ride ' on a lorry, travelling all day to the railway terminus of Mejorada a few hundred kilometres away. There we slept in our last inland ' hotel,' for the following day a little rail-car took us to Huancyo, w_h ere, finding two P eruvians bound immediately for Lima, we all five chartered a luxurious American limousine for the same price as the train fare, and arrived at i:he capital shortly after midnight.

It was an enjoyable drive. Up again to a height of 16,000 feet and to the snow level, before running down to the coast. Half way along the _road, among flaring lights and, ~t night , special constabulary, lies the huge copper-mining camp of Oroya. There we delighted in real white bread and butter in a clean Japanese restaurant, never out of sound of American voices and America~ laughter ..

And so to Lima, to alight from the car as the last rev_e llers wandered into the central plaza, and to admi1'e the magnificent

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buildings that surround it, and the immense equestrian statue of Boli var,. liberato r of South America , staring out toward s the Pacific. ' They certainly have got something¡ h ere,' said Al in hushed American admiration, I parted from Al and J ohn two days later, but it was nearly a week before I le.ft Peru. Time to look reverently at the bones of p;zarro, to admire two exquisite palaces of fau ltless Spanish colonial style and the not over-Baroque cathedral. But Peru continued to be a country of wild surprise. Almost my last experience there was to watch a slim and very beautiful girl of eighteen killing bulls in the P laza de Torros. No one seemed sure of her nationality . Sh e was just Conchita Cintron, the only person capable of drawing a full crowd to the ring since the last communist orator had been banished to a small island in the Pacific . But he is a rash man who concerns himself with politics in Peru .

J.

P.

BURROUGH.

HUNGARIAN INTERLUDE SUPPOSE it must be a thousand miles from Birmingham to Buda-Pest, and so I was feeling extremely inexperienced as I went up to Town at the end of July to buy the ticket that wo uld take me for my first journey abroad . Actually it was only the third time I had ever been in London in my life, so I was looking- forward to the journey with an interest that any globe-trotter might envy.

Belgium seemed much the same as Eastern England. In fact, if one didn't listen too closely one could imag¡ine that the spoken Flemish was some kind of English, especially as I heard a woman s~y to her child, which was endeavouring to get out of the carriage, ' Stand hier.' And so the train rolled on to that country of which we had heard so much in the press and with which we are at the moment at war. The first thing I had to do was to go to the C ustoms' to pay for half-a-pound of tea which I was bringin g for my hostess in Hungary. When I returned to the train I was told by one of the German passengers that in my absence quite an unconscious comedy had been enacted. Some officials had informed the passengers that they were now going to clean the carriage and required them . to leave for a few minutes. They had then drawn the blinds, w ith the apparent intention of undertaking the . task : it must have heeri carried out with little efficiency, for they omitted to take any brushes in with them .

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Cologne, impressive and frightening for the foreigner who has to change trains, was the next stop. Cologne station is really a king among stations, with its endless platforms with power~dr:ven luggage' carriers running along them and countless megaphones in the roof continually crying ' Achtung l Achtung ! ' My inexperience of continental trains had led me to buy a 3rd class ticket, and '1 was by now feeling the effects of clinker-built deal seats; so, not being able to face a Hight on them, I changed to a 2nd class carriage. About 4 a.m. I heard a Hungarian rhapsodising about Niirnberg, but rain and stiffness prevented me from observing its beauties.

The next day I had to find a 3rd class carriage again, and was lucky in reaching' one which was actually .upholstered. I then set about airing the little German I had learnt at school,. succeeding tolerably well, I flatter myself. An old man in the corner informed me that 'Plat-Deutsch' spoken in the north was very like English, and proceeded to talk to me in that dialect at great speed; needless to say, I didn't understand a word he said. Then his wife said, '\Vhat a beautiful coat you've got on.' It was an old Welsh tweed, and so I remonstrated with her. ' But it's real w0ol,' she said, which I had to admit. 'Don't you use wool?' I asked. 'Oh, no; there's nothing here except " Baumvolle.'' ' The next moment she peered round the door into the corridor to see that no one had heard us, and then closed. it to.

All the way through there seemed to be a link with Western Europe in Germany, but Hungary had quite a different feeling~ almost ' Ruritanian.' The frontier town immediately announced the fact, as I hadn't the remotest idea how to pronounce it....,.--Hegyeshalom. Everyone seemed very informal ; I thought I had found my way into a family party in my carriage, father,. daughter, brother and family priest, but it turned out that they were none of them related to one another. To complete the illusion everyone shook hands with everyone else, including me. And everywhere the all-pervading smell of garlic and maize, especially garlic. ¡ The sun was setting as we drew into Buda-Pest ; but I suppose my aesthetic sense was not sufficiently developed to appreciate the scene which many have found so enchanting. The city itself, a compact town of just one million people, with few suburbs, is cut into two well-defined parts by the vast Danube. Buda, old, craggy with limestone cliffs, crowned with the Palace and Parliamenthouse with their roofs the cofour of oxydised copper; and Pest, on the plain, with its shops, cafes, hotels and, in the north, its facâ&#x20AC;˘ tories. The most remarkable things about the city are its bri<lges,

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of which there are, I think, four-th e longest built by two Englishmen. At night they are flood-lit, and . . . well, I expect Baedeker cnn describe them better than I can .

My host collected me at the station, and we then boarded an unbelievably slow train which crawled out into the country to his small estate. Here we were met by an extraordinary conveyance, ·which I suppose I should call a victori a, driven by a coachman with long streai11ers in his hat, and so we had a weird drive by moonlight ·over a ve ry bumpy road, up a short drive to a long, low, ·whi te · house with a verandah. And so the la zy life began.

Like the shepherd, the Hungarians seem quite content to 'sit and think and sometimes simply sit .' All day long we heard the purring of the doves and the chirping of the crickets, interspersed occasionally with the hoarse croak of the tree frogs, or the small boy who looked after the pigs blowing at random on his big bullock's horn. Living up to the reputation which Englishmen share with mad dogs, I tried the mid-day sun once, but the effects were not pleasant, and afterwards I was content to do as the Romans did - that is, sleep after lunch. vVe did not live on the real Hungarian plain, but in gently undulating· country intensively cultivated with strange as well as familiar fruits. The side of one hill was exclusively planted with melons, which were tended by two peasants who lived extremely cheerfully in an abominable one-roomed hut that looked like a ramshackle A. R.P. shelter. Elsewhere were vines, peaches, soya beans, rye, and especially maize, the most typical crop of Hungary .

The roads were awful, and I am not surprised my host did not own a car. The main road of Pest-Megye -our county -was quite broad, but had never been tarmacked, and the sides were four inches deep in dust, covered with the imprint of bare feet . As for the side roads, they were no more than two wheel tracks, between which the grass grew. There seemed very little natural forest : just a few clumps of acacia trees with their sickly smell, or, by the stream, a few poplars. There was no rock in sight, as I believe that part of Hungary has been under the sea, or was an inland lake, in very recent times. The normal deposit is a rich sandy loam.

We were not in a really typical part of Hungary as there was a strong Slovak streak in the blood of the inhabitants ; but all the same I gathered that they had become mainly Magyarized. So one did not see much of the daring horsemen in their national costumes, seeming, like the Scythians of old, to be one vvith their horses.

There is a remarkable variety of colouring in the Hungarians; some with straw-coloured hair and others with dark skins, lank

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hair and black eyes, with faces that might be described as Mongolian. _-- -But everywhere one found the so-called 'square' (one should say round) heads often shaven of hair. This habit, if healthy, certainly didn ' t improve their appearance. '.fhe typical Hungarian has straight lank hair, high cheek bones_, deep-set eyes and a snub nose. Their swarthiness, when it occurs, is not that of the slight, curly-headed Italian, but of the stocky Asiatic.

What does one do all day? Well, not much, at the house where I was staying. Directly I arrived, however, I was put on a horse and was taught to ride in a style which I soon realised was very different from what we employ here; particularly I was told to hold the reins. with a tightness which one would expect to make any hcâ&#x20AC;˘rse hard-mouthed. But one could only ride before breakfast and after tea. Otherwise the meals seemed to be the main points of the day. And what meals! Never shall I forget them. I can't remember the exact 1iames of the courses ; I only know it was the best food I had ever eaten. Little wonder that many Hungarians are fat. And after every meal came dessert, which was a meal in itself- peaches off the tree, the everlasting sweet corn_, and then superb melons. These melons were quite unlike any one gets in England : a wh'ole book could be written about their virtues. But enough of gastronomy ;. I suppose that that absorbing subject is rather bad taste, or perhaps only we English people think it is so, because our food is so unexciting.

One of my host's friends was an oar, so 1--seized the opportunity and several times went out in a clinker-built four. It was desperately. hot, so we all wore the briefest of shorts and nothing else, th_u s; I suppose, compromising our amateur status. The Danube is really the seaside of Hungary, and its banks were crowded with people swimming, idling; fishin g , dancing and rowing; but there is no coi1gestion of boats because of its size. Perhaps the first thi1;g I noticed on returning to England was the minuteness of our rivers.

I ~uppose I only saw one small side of Hungarian life. As we were in the country , I saw very little of that ' night life ' of Buda of which one hears so _m uch. And though serfdom had died out in our part, it was quite impossible to know any of the peasants without embarrassing my host. They seemed a very cheerfu~ people even if they did work long hours. They were supposed to start work at 5 a.m. and they didn't stop till 9 p.m., but I was told that they slept most of the winter. They ¡seemed to take every oppor. tunity . to snatc.h a few minutes' sleep; carts would crawl up the road with the bare feet of the unconscious passengers protruding

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o ut of the back, whilst the driver was in a state of semi-oblivion.

Their houses seemed abominable; two bare rooms and an oil-stove, and really no cleaner than the cow-house, though it was admittedly a very smart cow-house. Everybody seemed to own about three dogs, thin shaggy brutes of no known breed, which set up a fearful row when anyone approached. Everywhere one seemed to find geese and droves of long-haired hogs, presided over by a small boy with a long whip and a cow's horn which he blew with considerable effect most of the day. The men wore ordinary clothes, but the women wore a thick layer of skirts with crinoline effect, even more voluminous on Sundays, and a handkerchief covering their hair. Their only means of water supply was the typical Hungarian well with its thirty-foot pole pivoted near the butt.

I' will not attempt to discuss the political situation in Hungary .

I was asked one day to switch off the wireless, which I had inadve rtently tuned in to Moscow, and was gravely told that Hungary is no long¡er a free country. My good hosts, I fear, must have received a shock when they heard of the Russo-German pact, the annou ncement of which was the first thing that greeted m y eye when I got out of the train at Victoria.

R . M . w. POWELL.

BOOK REVIEWS Under this heading there M e noticed or reviewed ree<e ntly fni.blished books or articles that possess a special Aula1'ian inte1'est due to their authorship or to th eir contents. We shall be g lad to ha¡ve such books and articles brought to our notice .

APPARITIONS AND HAUNTED H ousEs. By Sir Ernest N . Bennett.

8vo., pp. xix + 396. London, Faber and Faber, 1939. 12s . 6d. net.

To a casual glance this latest production of a former VicePrincipal, w ith its romantic title and sinisterly coloured jacket, might appear to be one more anthology of imagin ative ghost stories , designed to amuse by sending a shiver down the spine.

Anyone forming such an impression would be committing a grievous error, as the sub-title makes plain. Sir Ernest B ennett describes his wor k as 'a survey of evidence,' and his objects are as strictly scientific as his methods . Like the D ean of St. Paul's, who contri butes the Foreword, he is strongly convinced that the numberless stories of ghosts, phantasms and a pparitions which have been recounted in every age cannot be without some foundation in

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objective reality. In his desire to assess the character of this, he has here accumulated a body of cases, all of them resting upon authoritative testimony and as free as possible from subjective factors, and submits them to the critical judgment of himself and his readers.

In 1934, Sir Ernest delivered a broadcast address under the same title as he has given this book : this broadcast is printed in extenso as the opening chapter. As a result of an appeal which he made to the public in the course of his talk, almost thirteen hundred letters poured in to him giving accounts of allegedly supernatural manifestations. Some fifty of the narratives here reproduced derive from this source. A very large number, however, of the cases analysed in this book are taken bodily from the records compiled during the past half-century by the Society for Psychical Research.

In all, one hundred and four major documents are quoted, in many instances supported by subsidiary testimonies. The author's own role has been narrowt;d down to that of editor, and in that capacity he has supplied a Preface, a brief comment on each case, and a final chapter summarizing results and stating conclusions.

A sound and natural classification of the very diverse material has been adopted, according to subject. First comes a bulky collection of narratives dealing with dead persons who are recognized or identified. Probably the most extraordinary of these is Case 21, which needs all the authority of Sir Edmund Hornby, late Chief Judge of the Supreme Consular Court of China and Japan, to make it credible. Another case is vouched for by Prebendary Carlile. A second group consists of unidentified or doubtful apparitions, while a third deals with manifestations of persons still alive.

Examples of the latter category are rare, but they are important in the developing of Sir Ernest's theory. Two brief final sections are assigned to the more difficult and problematical cases cf appariticns of animals and apparitions of inanimate objects, such as a Georgian mansion and a ' ghost ship.' Practically all the cases are endorsed by the 'signatures of at least a couple of reliable witnesses.

Anyone who reads this book with attention - and no one who takes it up is likely to let it drop easily - will agree that, in ¡ the realm of ghosts, if nowhere else, the things that have been experienced are at least as strange and exciting as those that have been imagined. The stories recorded have all the qualities of the :Successful thriller, and an additional fascination .. in that they must raise large and vital questions which fiction can afford to leave unasked. ¡ Sir Ernest tackles these in his concluding chapter, in which he very properly trounces the professional philosophers for their

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persistent cold-shouldering of psychic phenomena. Hi~ own theory, that telepathy is the ultimate cause of apparitions of all sorts, is plausibly stated, and will interest both students of psychic matters and ordinary people. That there are difficulties in it, he is keenly conscious, but he seems to pass on without resolving them; and there are other difficulties (e.g. the status, on his view, of the data sensed) into which he does not seem to have entered.

Whether or not, however, his conclusions are sound is a relatively unimportant matter. He has certainly performed his principal task modestly and efficiently. He has marshalled a relevant body of facts in a meticulously scientific manner, and has shown how difficult it is for an impartial man to avoid facing the questions vvhich they raise; and one cannot but praise the judicious good sense of his running commentary. Moreover, he has succeeded in stimulating our wits to wrestle with serious problems, while at the same time satisfying to the full our natural craving for a good story.

J.N.D.K. TUDOR PURITANISM. A Chapter in the History of Idealism. By M. M. Knappen. The University of Chicago Press, 1939. Svo., 2os. +. pp. xii+ 555¡ In the last quarter of a century numerous aspects of the history of protestantism in England during the sixteenth century have been freshly studied in a spate of monographs, so that, as Professor Knappen remarks, a new tentative synthesis is now desirable. It has accordingly been his aim to give within the space of a single volume some account of the development of the protestant spirit in Tudor England in the light of recent research. It must not however be inferred that he has confined his attention merely to secondary authorities; he has. been the round of the most important muniment rooms from the Public Record Office and the British Museum to the Huntington Library in California, and he has also made some use of various unpublished theses.

Professor Knappen has from the beginning bravely confronted a terminological difficulty ; ' puritanism ' as an accepted description of a section of English religious life dates from the seci;ind half of the sixteenth century. But his account necessarily begins with the flight of Tyndale to Germany in 1524 to prepare a new translation of the Bible into the vulgar tongue and continues ;,vith a study of heresy in the 'thirties and 'forties. Rather than employ a necessarily circumlocutory phrase, he has boldly employed the s~vord of ' puritanism ' to cut the verbal knot, and in his preface he has ex cathedra defined the te~m ' puritan ' to describe certain but not all

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types of both anglicans and sectaries ; he has gained in conciseness what he has lost in exactitude, it might perhaps be urged; and it cannot be denied that the employment of this and other 'convenient anachronisms ' has lent an added clarity to the text.

His survey falls into two main parts. The first and longest comprises a narrative account of the development of ' puritanism ' from the days of Tyndale, Barlow and Rogers to those of Barrow and Greenwood; he has -much of interest to say about the hickerings of the English refugees in their various places of exile and about the influences wielded by the oracles at Geneva, Strasbourg, Ziiiich and elsewhere-a topic of special importance for Professor Knappen, since in his opinion ' Tudor Puritanism . . . was not an indigenous English movement, but the Anglo-Saxon branch of a Continental one ... ' The second part is devoted to a -consideration of the theology arid way of life associated with sixteenth-century 'puritanism.' He has come to the sagacious conclusion that the contributions of puritanism to modern capitalism were exceedingly indirect ; it was only in the latter half of the reign of Elizabeth that puritan social teaching began markedly to depart from the medieval charitable ideal. In a chapter on puritan asceticism Professor Knappen has offered a strong defence of the puritan attitude towards art, whether dramatic, -musical or visual, and has removed a number of all too common misconceptions. Perhaps the most _ valuable section of the whole volume is the _long and thorough appendix devoted to the historiography of puritanism, in which he has given a survey of the labours of his predecessors from Foxe to W. K. Jordan and pointed out where the field still remains unharvested.

It only remains to add that the material embodiment of this useful study is not unworthy of its contents ; spacious margins and clean legible print are not the i_n evitable characteristics of academic monographs. There are very few misprints-pp. 42, 145 and 361 appear to contain one eai;h.

G. D. RAMSAY. Cnv OF OXFORD. A Survey and Inventory by the Royal Commissiw:i on Historical Monuments. H.M. Stationery Office, 1939. 4to., pp. xxxiii + 244 with 216 plates. 21s.

Those who have co-operated to compile this most thorough historical and architectural inventory of the ancient buildings of Oxford have carried through the;r task ;n exemplary fashion. The expenditure of a guinea o~ this authoritative volume, amply fur!J-ished -as it is with admirable plans and illustrations, will be found

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to be an investment unfa iling in interest for any Oxford man who is appreciative of Oxford's architectural heritage.

The detailed description that is given of the buildings of the Hall will be of particular interest to Aularians. In the preface to the book attention is drawn to fine work done in several colleges

by Arthur Frogley, who was responsible for the wood-work in our Chapel. Arthur Frogley was the best known joiner and carver of the Caroline period in Oxford. He acted as m aster-carpenter at the; Sheldonian. At Brasenose he panelled in Flanders oak the west room on the first floor of the middle staircase on the nor th side of the Old Quadrangle in 1678 and the Dining-Hall in 1684.

He is known, too, to have panelled the Common Rooms at Merton and Lin colri, the one in 1680 , the other in 1684, and the Di11ing hall at Corpus in 1700. I think that it is not unlikely that oth er examples of the handiwork of this excellent craftsman still remai n to be identified in Oxford. The panelling of the Common Room a t Trinity, executed in 1681, looks very much as though it might have been made by him .

A.B.E.

Ti-rn LITTLE. MERMAID: Retold in Rhyme. By 'Philip Sylvester.'

Martin Secker , 1939¡ 8vo., pp. 14!. 5s .

If Philip Sylvester had merely ' retold in rhyme' (as the subtitle baldly states) Hans Andersen's tale of 'The Little Mermaid,' he would yet have prod uced a pleasant, smooth-flowing narrative, but one lacking poetic distinction or purpose . The poet's mind is as full of clear-cut images as a film scenario, and his tale is told in a sequence of pictures that \ iValt Disney could transfer to celluloid almost w ithout alteration. At first the story of the Little Mermaid's love for the Prince and her transformation_from fin to flesh moves slowly and smoothly; but in the last book the conflicts within her mind - her unrequited love for a human and her desire to return to her sisters, friends and little garden in the Mer city iucrease in delicate intensity until they reach the final catastrophe .

So slende r is the theme that the irony with which the Prince (who does not know the Mermaid's real nature) talks of sea-adventures that would befall them, should they ' ¡with shipwreck meet,' even dreaming of ' a garden trailed with flowers ' where t hey could

' drift for endless az ure hours, And live a hundred years, and not grow old'pleasures once within the Mermaid's grasp but now impossiblesuch irony as this has to be tenderly guarded lest it overweigh her petal-like frailness.

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. The verse of the main narrative is .fluid and competent, the four line stanza with alternate rhymes generally proving an adequate medium, though there are occasional lapses intothe prosaic, such as : ' And soon she thought the ships were swiftly sped.

A sullem., murmur touched her heart with fear; On sweeps the ship, now every sail full spread ; On swept the ship and still the stars were clear.'

But these are more than made up for by the simple love-lyrics such as: ' Oh how the pain .of you Stabs .at me yet.

Why the fair limbs of you Can't I forget?

Now the young heart of you Lies far asleep ; Only the dream of you In mine l keep.' or the song' Gypsy boy, gypsy boy.'

His not, however, as versified Hans Andersen that the poem arous.es real interest. For poetry succeeds _a s it pierces through the particular to the universal; and on to this simple fairy tale the poet has projected themes of lasting significance. The Mermaid's story is not merely an unhappy love affair but the ageless search for beauty - beauty symbolised in the statue of the boy in her garden and echoed in the vision of the spell-weaver Mersyr. So her dumb ·soul cries out to the Prince : ' It was not you, it was not you I loved! l loved an unstirred heart, a silent boy !

I loved a dream that no time can destroy !

A wonder and a··trust that never failed : And still shall love ! ' The Meiimaid herself is not a young and innocent girl so much as the embodiment of Romance - Romance that defies while it is beaten by Reality in its search for the unattainable-the gaining of a human soul through love : ' Though· I sfiould fail to win, Through mortal love, immortal soul and life, J. dare the starred endeavour to begin, _A nd none shall say I saw, but feared the strife.'

And it is here that ·the writer ·shows poetic power hnpossible in the simple theme o'f the main narrative. The fragmentary Third Book ----'f>he sevenfold vision of Mersyr-adds nothing to the a,ction ; but with the change from rhym"e to 61ank verse words take on life and fluency so that the pictures of the English countryside, incomplete and dreamliite as they are, have yet more substance· a1,1d vitality .

'

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than the detailed description of the Mer city. Here the influence of Rupert Brooke ousts that of T ennyson : ' You came w ith me toward s the hill we loved .. . . . For in my heart I asked That you might always be so pure, so pure.

Long years went by ; And what I asked was given ; but those limbs , That stilled me so w ith sorrow on that hill, Have lost the loveliness. . . .

Oh I should find yo u .better now alone Among tb e blue flowers of t he hill we loved Than if yo u came with me.'

Saturated with a now discredited Georgia1i sentimentality as these lines are, they yet contain a freedom and powe r that divert us, if only momentarily, from the ma in theme. If in future Mr. Sylvester can build up his structure on the hopes and sufferings of humanity rather than the bottom of the sea, he should produce work of value ; for he still retains sufficient faith in the power of the imagination to see the inner truth behind the sordid and repellent. Because of this he may in time achieve that combination of Romance and Reality which few of our younger poets are able to find.

K. A. GOURLAY. THE REMINISCENCES OF THE RE.V. GEORGE GILBERT, 1796-1874.

Edited by the Rev. Canon F . J. Shirley. Privately prin ted, Canterbury, 1938. pp. 38.

Srn THOMAS MoRE. . An Anonymous Play of the 16th Century ascribed to Shakespeare. Edited in 5 Acts by the R ev . Canon F. J. Shirley. Canterbury, 1938. pp. 78. rs. 6d.

CANTERBURY PRAYER BooK. By the Rev. Canon F. J. Shirley.

S.P .C.K., 1939· pp. 175.

These publications are evidence of the untirin g· .e nergy of one who is at the same time the headmaster of a flourishing public school and a canon residentia ry . The reminiscen.c es of the Rev. George Gilbert w hich he has printed from a MS. preserved· in the Cathedral Library at Canterbury possess a mellow flavour redolent of a cathedral-close on ~ hundred years ago, and contain, incidentally, not a little information that will be of interest to church his-torians of that period. · A debt of gratitude is due to Canon Shirley for having· made · available ·a text of Sir Th drnas More .. As was shown when it was · p·r oduced by the King's Schci.ol in the, Chapter House at Canterbury, · the play, as edited b y Canon Shirley, acts well. Moreover, furnished as it is ·b y him vvith useful hotes , it 'deserves a welcom e as · ~ rext~hook.

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.99

In the '. Canterbury Prayer Book ' Canon Shirley. has corrwoi>ed an admirable service book for the use. of.schools, and, too, a book of pi:ayers that will appeal to many more than the boys for whom i~is designed.

A.B.E.

FESTIVAL DAYS: CHILDREN'S ,SERVICES FOR CHRISTMAS.' ETC. Arranged by the Rev. ·v-..r. W. S. March. London, S.P.C.K., · 1939, pp. 7I. IS · Services for children are notoriously difficult to devise and carry throug h _successfully, . and particularly those which fall on great festivals and are attended by large numbers of childn:n .of all ages.

Mr. March had already achieved some reputation for this kind of wor.k before he left Brighton P a rish Church to become Chaplain to the Bishop of Chichester, and he has now published some interesting a rrangements of services for the principal seasons of the Church's year. His object is · that the children . should understand and enter into the meaning of the facts commemorated by the feast-day; and to attain this he makes them take part in a skilfully selected sequence of extremely simple hymns and devotional acts. The whole service thus becomes a large-scale piece of expression-work of the children themselves, who play the part both of learners and worshippers simultaneously. From time to time explanations of the facts and events celebrated a re given by the priest in direct, straightforward language. The services are a lmost entirely without liturgical form, but they follow an absolutely clear and logical order, allow for colour and pageantry, .a nd make the children pray naturally and easily . The present Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway, who was formerly Vicar of Brighton, testifies in a for.e word to their success when put into practice. Mr. March shows a close appreciation of the psychology of children and a _natural instinct for teaching them.

J.D.N.K .

LE Mm ET L'UNIVERS. Lei;on in a ugurale donnee le 24 fevri er 1932.

Par Douglas J . Gillam, . Professeur a la Faculte des Lettres .

Bvo., pp. 23 +vii . Neuchatel, 1939, In his inaug-ural lectures b efore the University of Neuchatel Professor Gillam contributes a thoughtful and mea sured survey of the psychological novel which has been so notable a product of English .fiction duri~ g . the last thirty years. He gives consideration tu the works of Katherine Mansfield, D. H. Lawrence, Dorothy · Richardson, May Sinclair, Virg inia Woolf and James Joyce. For · these writers, he says, ' le monde n 'est plus ul)e . rfalite . obj ective,

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etrangere a !' homme, et que !' on observe en naturaliste, mais une exp erience interieure, embrassant tout, un flot continu d' etats d e conscience.' These essays in introspection, characte.r ized by an intricate obscurity of language, mark in his opinion a . passing phase in the literature of fiction which will be followed by a return to the employment of more trad itional methods.

THE ASSIMILATION OF THE SPEE.CH OF BRITISH IMMIGRANTS IN COLONIAL AMERICA. By A . vV. Read_, contributed to the I 0'Urnal of English and German Philology, XXXVII (January_, 1938), pp. 70-79.

BRITisH TRAvELLERs oN GEoRGEvVAsmNGToN's ENGLISH. By A. -w.

Read, contributed to Notes and Queries, CLXXV (July 2, I938); p. 7.

PLANS FOR 'A HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF BRITICISMS., By A. w.

Read, contributed to the American Oxonian, XXV (July, 1938), pp. 186-90.

SPEECH D EFECTS AND MANNERISMS AMONG SLAVES AND SERVANTS IN COLONIAL AMERICA. By A. VI/. Read, contributed to The Quarterly Journal of Speech, XXIV (October, 1938), pp .

397-4oI. ScGGESTioNs FOR AN AcADEMY rN ENGLAND IN THE LATTER HALF OF THE. 18TH CENTURY. By A. VI/. R ead, contributed to Modern Philology, XXXVI (November, 1938), pp. 145-56.

THE PRONUNCIATION OF PLACE NAMES ON THE FRONTIER, 1829-1830:

By A . W. Read , contributed to American Spe ech, XI II (December, 1938), pp. 263-67 .

THE POLICIES . OF THE ' DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN ENGLISH.' By A. W. Read, contributed to Dialect Notes, VI · (December, 1938).

H ere is a sheaf of evidence of Mr. A. labo urs in lexicographical research.

·vv.

Read' s unflagging

HISTORY QUESTION S AND ANSWERS, 1603-1914.

Bartlett. G. Bell & Sons, 1939·

By H . Moyse-

In compiling this little book for the use of School Certificate candidates Mr. Moyse-Bartlett prov~s himself a wise reactionary .

F acts remain the substance of history. Attempts mad_e in more recent years to teach history in terms of broad movements must fail if the discipline of m emorizing facts is discarded. Mr. Mo~se­ Bartlett here provides a well-planned substitute for the old-fashioned catalogue of names and dates.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

101

BETTER E!llGLISH. S.y ggestions to Afriqm Teac})ers.aq,q .Students.

By W.W. E. :G1les and H. ;lV.L, Gile_s. Longmans, Green and Co. , __1939. pp.-64. This little book should prove of the greatest use to those who have t4e difficult task of introducing Africans to the intricacies of the: English language. Mr. an9 -Mrs. Giles include in their s•uggestions ' projects ' and gaL\Tles which should help to make the learning of a language unwontetjly attractive . . There is even a chapter on 'Cross-words._' Why - has - not someone produced a Belter Gree.k or a Better Latin on similar lines?

A.B.E.

MATRICULATIONS Cvmmoner.

HILARY TERM - McAdam~ John Stuart (Silcoates School, W~kefield).

Exhibitioners.

MICHAELMAS TERM Hardacre, Kenneth (Keighley Grammar School).

Long, Noel George (Marlborough College).

Rushworth, Frank Derek (Huddersfield Technical College).

Witney, Ronald Houlton (Eltham College).

Commoners.

Aldridge, Arthur Harold (St. Lawrence College, Ramsgate); Barnes_, Adrian William (Nelson School, Wigton).

- · Bell, Joseph Denis Mill:>urn (King James I Grammar School, Bishop Auckland).

Bishop, Robert Anthony (Merchant Taylors' School).

Burtt, John Bevington (Leighton Park School).

Cattell, Douglas Edward (Sheffield Central Secondary School).

Coulston, Robert Hugh (Heversham Grammar School).

Cox, Patrick John Nihill (Lancing College).

-Cunningham Craig, John Eversfield (Christ's Hospital).

Drury, Richard George Norman (Mill Hill School).

-Duncan, James Dougal (Lancing College).

Eckersley, Johri Braithwaite Fearney (Heversham Grammar School).

Fletc!1er, Ralph Beaumont (Burton Grammar School).

Green, Arthur (Wigan Grammar School)'. _ Gulley, Norman (Wigan Grammar School).

1 H~rding, Ros; Philipr(Bishop Wordsworth's School, Salisbury). , ·Harper King, Graham (Mill Hill School).

Henson, Geoffrey Liddon (Sherborne School). *Hinds, Harvey William (King's School, Worcester).

102

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE Holtby, Robert Tinsley (Scarboroµgh . J-Iigh School) .

... -f Howe, John Philip Sydney (DJ.lrharn School)_.

_ Howson, Herbert Michael Kavanagh (.Merchant Taylors' School, Crosby), . ·Lavender, Charles Michael (King's _School, Worcester).

• Mee.> Frederick Jack (Peter Symonds' Scliool, Winchester).

Meyrick, Ai:nold Henry Corfe (Epsom College).

O'Donovan, John Francis .(Roan School, Greenwich).

Rees, Eiron (Newport High School, Mon.).

Scholfield, Leonard Frere (Malvern College).

Sims, John Frederick Wilton (King Edward VI School, Soµthani.pton).

Smart, PeterGuy (Bradfield College).

Smith, Donovan Brand (Worksop College).

Upham, Roy Clifford (Crypt School, Gloucester).

Ward, William Leonard (St. Lawrence College.> Ramsgate).

Wheeler, Harold Lionel Hamilton (Sutton Valence School).

Wilson, David Robert (Marlborough College).

Worsley, Robert Thomas Christopher (Warwick School).

* Liddon

Exhibitioner.

t Carlisle Diocesan Exhibitioner.

DEGREES January 19, 1939· M .. A.: Rev. W.R. M. Chaplin.

B.A.: K. Vv. M. Christopher.

June 3 M.A.: Rev. W. G. Fallows, Rev. J. E. Mowll, J. C. Nield (in absence).

B.A.: D. D. Moor.

June 22 B .A. : J. Lyall.

July 15 B.D.: Rev. E. L. Millen.

M.A.: Rev. T. A. Littleton.

B ..4.: M. W. Dittmer, J. 0; Donnison, E. C. July 29 ...

Hinson, S. H. Hoffman, D. J. Holmes, T. J. Morris, S. V. PeskeU, H. E. Pope, H. A. F. Radley, R. R. Rylands, J. Shipwright, A. C. Wace.

B.Litt.: A. F. <:;olborn.

Jf.A. : A. F. Colborn, G. H. Franey.

B.A.: G. R. R. East, J. H. Edinger, H. V. October 19 James, D. C. Kennedy.> J. M.U. Robins.

1\1.A.: B. R. S. Mainwaring, P. \!Vitherington.

B ..4. : C. H. Jellard, H. A. Jennings, P. W. November 25 Smith, J. McG. Sowerby.

D.Phil.: S. R. Dunlap (in absence).

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE 103 ---- - - - - -- -- - - -- -- - - -- -- -

AULARIAN ASSOCIATION R ECEJPTS AND PAYMENTS ACCOUNT ~ for

the year; ending June· 30, 1939·

REGE,JPTS. Subscriptions to June 30, 1938 : Membership Magazine · Aetivities Fund Subscriptions to June 30, 1939: Membership Magazine Activities Fund

PAYMENTS .

Aularian Exhibition Fund Henley Regatta ...

Honorarium to W. Best Magazine Account A ularian Directory Printing and Stationery Postages . . .

Cheque Book Balance to be carried forward ...

AULARIAN EXHIBITION FUND. RECEIPTS. Balance brought forward Aularian Association Bank Interest

s. d. £ 223 4 3 40 0 0 3 18 6 £267

PAYMENTS.

Balance to be carried forwawd

£

2

267

s. d.

2 9

£267

2 9

Examined and found'Correct.

H. C. INGLE, Hon: Auditor.

9

JOHN B. ALLAN, Hon. Treasurer.

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ST. EI)Ml)ND HALL MAGAZINE

LIDDON EXHIBITION FUND £ Total brought forward since last Investment Mrs. T. K. Allen (ninth donation) Rev. Canon Gardner (twelfth and thirteenth donations) Rev. J. N. D . Kelly Chapel Collections

0

26

0

0

I

0

0

0

2

5

3

£152

HOLYWELL PRESS, OXFORD

s. d.

123 5

5 0