St Edmund Hall Magazine 1940-41 by St Edmund Hall

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ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE. Vol. IV, No. 5.

DECEMBER,

i940,

EDITORS: N. G. LONG, Editor. Hilary and Trinity Terms, 1940. D. DUNCAN, Editor. Michaelmas Term, 1940.

DE PERSONIS ET REBUS AULARIBUS OF THE HALL IN

w AR-TIME.

HEN the last issue of the Magazine appeared the Hall had experienced one term under war conditions. A whole academical year has now been completed in the shadow of war and a new one begun. Life within the Hall has gone forward with a degree of normality that was hardly to be expected. We still find ourselves in the exceptional position among colleges of being in full occupation of our own buildings. The number of members of the Hall in residence has not fallen to the extent that was anticipated, but has remained constant. At the enÂˇd of Trinity Term there were still three Bachelors of Arts and ninety-five undergraduates in residence. Losses on account of callings-up for military service were made good by admissions in Hilary and Trinity Terms. It was thought likely, however, that numbers would be found to have dropped considerably at the beginning of Michaelmas Term; but, in fact, no such drop has occurred. At the commencement of the new academical year there were ninety-five undergraduate members of the Hall in residence, of whom forty-four were freshmen. The Hall has been very fortunate in the reinforcement that it has re.ceived fro~ freshmen. In the number of its admissions in October the Hall was only exceeded by New College, Christ Church and Magdalen. Consequently, it has been possible for the corporate activities of the Hall to be maintained to an. extent and with a success that most .colleges might envy. Even so, it will be noticed with regret by some Aularians that in the course of the year the Debating Society, the Makers, the Diogenes Club and the Methuen Society have ceased to function. The suspension of animation on the part of these

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Societies has been in large measure due to their officers going out of residence on joining up for military service without having been able to make arrangements to secure their continued functioning. Re-animation, however, of the Debating Society and possibly of the Makers and the Methuen Society is likely to take place in January. All the Hall Athletic Clubs have continued to give a vigorous account of themselves. After the outbreak of war there was not a little doubt among senior members of the University whether undergraduates would not find the atmosphere of war and the imminence of their own military service a serious hindrance to the pursuit of academical studies. This fear has not been substantiated: on the .c ontrary, college tutors and University examiners have been impressed by the amount of sfeady work done. It is significant in this connexion that forty-eight out of fifty members of the Hall taking Honour War Sections at the end of Trinity Term passed, and that all of the fourteen members of the Hall who were able to take their Final Honour Schools passed, eight of them obtaining ' Seconds.' OF

THE PRINCIPAL AND FELLOWS.

The Âˇ Principal was one of the Committee of Three who were invited by the Headmasters' Conference to draft a report on the future _of the Public Schools. The Vice-Principal, as a part-time war activity, has joined the Latin-American section of the staff of the Royal Institute of Fon~ign Affairs. The Rev .. R. F. W. Fletcher, one of whose many activities has been the post of Assistant Secretary to the Delegates of Local Examinations, has been appointed Acting Secretary to the Delegates until such time as the new Secretary, who is engaged on Government work, is able to take over. OF JOSEPH COPEMAN. It is with a very keen sense of loss felt by all who knew him at the Hall that we record here the death of Joseph Copeman on February 13. 'Joe,' during the thirty-seven years of his mosfloyal and devoted employment as a stair-case servant of the Hall; won the lasting affection of all who knew him here. He identified himself inextricably with the Hall in all its activities and never lost an opportunity of singing its praises, whether to an uninstructed freshman or to a knot of admiring visitors from America. He became, as it were, the Hall's self-appointed bard. His gift of narrative was

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE of a high order, and once he began to exert his spell of reminiscence, how harci'it was to snatch oneself away. Elsewhere in this issue of the Magazine there will be found a tribute to his memory from the pen of Canon Ollard, among whose many claims upon the gratitude of the Hall the introduction of Joseph Copeman is surely numbered . 'Joe' remained in the service of the Hall to his dying day. Advancing years had necessitated his relinquishing his stair-case duties, but for a time he still had charg·e of his beloved quadrangle, and when at length lawn-mower and roiler called for more exertion than his health allowed, he was still free to come in and out as he pleased to ' tiffie about the place ,' as he characteristically described his little bit of sweeping here and dusting there. In D ecember, 1939, he took to his bed with a recurrence of bronchial trouble and was not able to fight his way through another winter. It was a great satisfaction to h im in his last illness that he should be ministered to by an old member of the Hall, the Rev. J. C. Stephenson, curate of St. Mary and St. John ; and in his last hours his hardly uttered words were ·about the Hall. A Requiem was celebrated in his memory on the morning of February 18, and at eleven o'clock the same day the first part of his funeral service was also conducted in the Hall Chapel. It is hoped after the war to place some memorial to him in the .Quadrangle which he so fondly tended. OF CONGRATULATION S. Congratulations are · due to the following members of the Hall in statu pupillari:

To N. Gulley on being placed in the First Class in Honour Classical Moderations. To the following members of the Hall who were placed in the Second Class in their respective Honour Schools:· M. R. Larson (Theology); I. B: Perrott (Mathematics); L. D. A. Baron, M. M. H enn:eII (Modern History) ; D. W. Allen, A. J. Lee (Literae Humaniores) ; D. G. C. Salt (Modern Languages); K. _A. Go'u rlay (English Language and Literature); 0. P. Davies,: F. J. Mee ('Honour Classical Moderationsr To J. D . M. Bell and C. Grayson on each obtaining two distinctions in war-time Honour Sections, and to A.·w. Barnes, G. R. Coulthard, R. B. Fletcher, A. Green, N. Gulley, K. Hardacre, F. D. Rushworth, L. F. Scholfield, P. M. Smith and W. P. Smith on each obtaining a distinction in a war-time Honour Section. To C. D. Der:lt on obtaining a distinction in Law Moderat.ions.

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To G. H. Thompson on being awarded a Forestry Cadet Scholarship by the Colonial Office. To C. M. Kelly on being appointed to a Cadetship in the Colonial Administrative Service. To R. H. Coulston on obtaining a Final Seniors Trial in Rugby Football. To the Swimming Club on winning conjointly with Queen's the lntercCollege Water-Polo Competition. To the Athletics Club on winning conjointly with Queen's the Inter-College Relays. OF

EXHIBITIONS.

An Examination, beginning on Tuesday, March 12, was held for the purpose of awarding one Exhibition in English Literature and two Exhibitions in Modern Languages, each of the annual value of £40. As a result of this Examination the following elections were made:]. H. Bridger, Varndean School, Brighton (English). J. L. Meigh, Dauntsey's School (French and German). P. B. Rackham, Dulwich College (French and German). An Examination, beginning on Tuesday, March 19, was held for the purpose of awarding two Exhibitions in Classics and Modern History, each of the annual value of £40. As a result of this Examination the following elections were made:N. Gulley, commoner of the Hall (Classics). A. P. Smith, Harrow County School (History). Exhibition Examinations in 1941 have been arranged as follows!On Tuesday, March 18, and the two following days, for the purpose of awarding one Exhibition in English Literature and two Exhibitions in Modern Languages (French with one other language, ··i· German, Spanish, or Russian; or French only), eacll of the annual value of £40. On Tuesday, March 25, and the two following days, for the purpose of awarding Exhibitions in Classics or Moderh History, each ~f the annual value of £40. OF

THE SCHOOLS.

HILARY TERM, 1940.

In Honour Classical Moderations: Class JI, 0. P. Davies.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Honour Sections for Special Certificate: E.2 (Chaucer): A. W. Barnes; E.3 (Shak es peare): C. Dobb, R. C. T. James, R. Mclsaac, D. B. Smith; E .4 (Milton): C . Dobb, K. Hardacre*; Economics I: R. A. Bishop, A. Green; G. I (Physical Geography): C. E. B. B. Simpson; H.3 (English History):]. D . M. Bell,* R. A. Bishop, J. D. Duncan, A. Green,* R. T. Holtby, ] . F. G. Sootheran, R. H. \ iVitney, R. T. C. Worsley; H.4 (European History): R. T. Holtby, N. G. Long, L. F. Scholfield, R. T. C. Worsley; J.2 (Tort and Jurisprudence): J. H. Stephens; J.3 (Contract and Roman Law):]. S. McAdam, G. M. Williams; 1'.Iodern Lang. I (Comp. and Transl., etc.): G. R. Coulthard, R. B. Fletcher, R. P. Harding, F. D. Rushworth*; M.2 (Comp. and Transl., etc.): G. R. Coulthard,* C. Grayson,·* E. Rees; M.3 (Literature): D. E. Cattell, G. R. Coulthard, R. B. Fletcher,-x- R. P. Harding, G. L. H e-n son, J. F. O'Donovan, E. Rees, F. D. Rushworth; P.I (Political Science):]. D. M. Bell, N. G. Long, L. F. Scholfield,* R.H. Witney; P.6 (Nforal Philosophy): C. M. Kelly. TRINITY TERM.

For the Degre e of B.M. and B.Ch .: In Human Anatomy and Human Physiology: D. G. T . Hicks; In Pharmacology and Principles . of Therapeutics: C. H. Jellard; In Medicine, Surge~y d:rid Mid_wifery: W. E. Alderson, J. L. Pinniger. In Theology: Class II: M. R. Larson; Class III: K. B. E . G. H. Turner, B.]. Wigan.

Hallowes;~

In Mathematics: Class II: I. B. Perrott. In Natural Science: in Zoology, adjudged worthy of Honours under War Decree: D. \V. Boyd.

In Modern H istory: Class II: L . D. A. Baron, M. M. Hennell; Class III: N. E. McCurry. " ' _,.-:.In Literae If~i°ffianiores: Class II: D. W. Allen, A. J. Lee; Class III:

J. Hardyman. In Modern Languages: Class II: D. G. C. Salt (Fr. and Germ.); Class III: J. P. de Courcy Me_a de. In English Language and Literature: Class II: K. A.

Gour~ay.

In Forestry, Subjects I-4: P. S. Leathart.

In Honour Classical Moderations : Class I: N. Gulley ; Class II: F.]. Mee.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Honour Sections for Special Certificate: E.2 (Chaucer): R. H. Coulston, J, B. F. Eckersley, K. Hardacre , D. B. Smith; E.3 Âˇ (Shakespeare): H. M. K. Howson; E.4 (Milton): A. W. Barnes,* R. H. Coulston, H. M. K. Howson; G.1 (Physical Geography): P. G. Smart, W. P. Smith,* R. C. Upham; G.2 (P9l. and Econ. Geography): C. E. B. B. Simpson; H.2 (General History, 1870-1914): C. M. Kelly; H.3 (English History): N. G. Long, A. F. Macdonald, M. S. Porcher; H.4 (European History): J. D. M. Bell,* J. D. Duncan, D. H. A. Wilson; J. 3 (Contract and Roman Law): J. H. Stephens; M.1 (French Comp. and Transl., etc .): A. H. Aldridge, G. L. Henson, D. V. Johnson, M. B. Kennaway, S. W. N. Phillips, P. B. Rackham, E. Rees, P. M. Smith; M.2 (German Comp. and Transl., etc.): D. E. Cattell, R. B. Fletcher, R. P. Harding, F. D. Rushworth; M.3 (Literature): A. H. Aldridge, C. Grayson ,* D. V. Johnson, S. W. N. Phillips, P. M. Smith*; P.1 (Political Science): J. D. Duncan, A. F. Macdonald, M. S. Porcher, D. H. A. ' !\Tilson, R. T. C. Worsley; Ph.6 (Moral Philosophy): R. A. Bishop, A. Green; T. l (Old Testament): J.E. Cunningham Craig, J.P. S. Howe; T.2 (Old Testament): J.E. Cunningham Craig, J.P. S. Howe. Special (;ertificate in Chemistry: J.B. Burtt, S. C. ' t\Toodger. Special Examination and Special Certificate in Rural Economy: Section 3 : H. L. H. Wheeler. Examination in the Theory, History and Practice of Education: Parts I and II: E. G. Hinson, J.M. U. Robins. MICHAELMAS TERM.

Honour Sections for Special Certificate: H.4 (European History): M. S. Porcher; M.1 (French Comp. and Transl.): A. H. C. Meyrick, P. H. W. Salt; M.2 (German Comp. and Transl.): J. F. O'Donovan, P. B. Rackham; M.3 (Mod. Lang. Literature): P. B. Rackham; M.4 (Mod. Lang. Linguistic Texts): P.H. W. Salt; P.1 (Political Science): P. F. D awson; E.2 (Chaucer): H. M. K. Howson; E.3 (Shakespeare): J . Bull, D. H . Burt, J. F. Wearing; E.4 (Milton): D. B. Smith; ].2 (Tort an.d ]itrisprudence): J. F. W. Sims; G.2 (Pol. and Econ. Geo,g raphy): P. G. Smart; P.r (Pol. Science): P. F. Dawson; Ph.6 (Moral Philosophy): N. Gulley*; T.3 (Doctrine and Chu-rch History): J. P. S. Howe . " Distinction.

ST; EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

OF GIFTS.

In addition to gifts recorded below, the best thanks of the Hall are due to the following donors for gifts that have been made to the Hall during the year : To Mr. R. Fielding Dodd, F .R .I.B.A., for his handsome gift of Joseph Skelton' s Engraved Illustrations of the Principal Antiquities of Oxfordshire from Original Drawings by F. Mackenzie, 1823, and Joseph Skelton's Oxonia Antiqua Restaurata, containing upwards of 170 engravings, in two volumes, 1823. To Major S. C. Ferguson for his gift of a,n engraved portrait of Thomas Hearne, by R. Grave. This engraving does not appear in .Dr. Bliss's list of portraits of Hearne in The Remains of Thomas Hearne, iii, 196-99. , To Mr. and Mrs. H. Hayes ~or their yearly gift of the sum of five pounds for the purchase . of classical books in memory of their son, Henry Trevor Hayes. DE JENTACVLIS NvPTIALrnvs.

Mr . and Mrs. G. H. Franey and Grenadier and Mrs ; P. C. Birkinsha~ have presented silver tankards to the Hall, appropri" ately ins,c ribed, to commemorate the Aularian setting of their weddings, which took place in the church of St. Peter-in-the-East, and wer~ followed by a' breakfast' in the Principal's Lodgii;igs.

OF THE AULARIAN ASSOCIATION.

Owing to the exigencies of the military situation in June, it was decided to cancel the Reunion of Old Members arranged for Tuesday, June 18. It was consequently not possible for the Annual General Meeting to be held. It is proposed that the next Reunion of Old Members shall take place on Tuesday, June 24, 1941. ~~.~

OF A WAR EMERGENCY STATUTE.

On June 18 the Principal and Trustees of the Hall approved an Emergency Statute to be made by the University under the Universities and C~lleges (Emergency Provisions) Act, 1939, whereoy the Principal and Trustees have Âˇ power- by a resolution passed at a meeting specially summoned for the;: purpose to make provision for any of the. purposes specified in Section 5 of the U niv~r~ities and (:alleges (Emergency Prov_isions) Act, 1939, provided that no moneys now app_licable to oth,er: purposes shall be paid into the

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

Tuition Fund over and above the amount required to balance the expenditure from that fund in each year. Any resolution of the Principal and Trustees under these powers may have retrospective effect to September l, 1939Âˇ This statute was approved by the University in a Congregation held the same day. This emergency statute gives the Hall the same power as the University and the Colleges to apply, if the necessity should arise during the period of the war, the income of special funds for general purposes.

OF THE OLD LIBRARY.

The recataloguing of the Old Library which was taken in hand last year by Mr. W. H. Beyer and Mr. S. G. Gillam, members of the cataloguing staff of the Bodleian, was completed in the early part of this year. The catalogue takes the form of a card index. A shelf catalogue has also been compiled.

OF A DEPARTURE FROM PRECEDENT.

The members of the Secondary Schools Examination Council of the Board of Education were accommodated in the Hall from December 13 to 14 for the annual meeting of the Council. On this occasion there was a notable departure from precedent, for among the members of the Council present at dinner in Hall on December 13 was Miss M. G. Clarke, Head-Mistress of Manchester High School for Girls. Although full term was over, Michaelmas Term officially ended on December 17. Miss Clarke has, therefore, the distinction of being the first woman to dine in the dining-hall during term . OF DUTCH ROYAL NAVAL CADETS.

At the time that Holland was being overrun by the Germans the Dutch naval authorities were able to bring over to England about half the midshipmen of the Royal Naval College at den Helder. The College has found temporary premises in this country. Twelve cadets from the College were entertained in the Hall for their Christmas leave from December 27 to December 3 l.

OF ST. EDMUND's DAY.

This year, as last, dinner in Hall on St. Edmund's Day was, on account of the war, not a 'dress ' occasion. The honoured toast, however, of Floreat Aula was duly given by the Principal, who in

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE his speech made particular reference to the fact that this year St.. Edmund 's Day marks the 7ooth anniversary of the death of our saintly patron. OF

THE NEW LIBRARY.

J. S. Reynolds has been appointed Librarian to succeed E. G. H. Turner. Under the direction of Mr. G. D. Ramsay a thorough rearrangement of the books in the Library was carried out in Michaelmas Term, and~ new shelf-list formed. OF

THE

J.C .R.

J. C. Palmer, Acting President of the J.C.R., went out of residence in Hilary T erm Âˇon being commissioned :rv1idshipman, R.N.V.R. K. B. Hallowes was appointed in his place. The officers of the J.C.R. elected for the academical year 1940-41 are: President , M. S . Porcher; Steward, R. T. Holtby.

THE WAR J L

AST year there was printed in the Magazine a list of th.ose Aularians who were known to be serving with the Armed Forces of the Crown. There are now about 250 Aularians on military service. A list, revised and amplified, is published again this year. The requirements of the censorship still only admit of the barest particulars being given. But in the Bursary a file is kept of the military addresses, so far as are known, of all Aularians on active service. As I said last year, I shall always be very pleased toÂˇ send any Aularian the military address of any of his contemporaries that he may wish to have. I hope that Aularians on active service will help to keep that file of addresses up-to-date by letting me know any change in their own rank or address. Many Aularians now in uniform have been able to visit the Hall during the course of the year . May such visits be repeated as often as the exigencies of the Services permit. Once again to all Aularians, past and present, who are serving I send on behalf of the. Hall very cordial greetings and good wishes. A.B.E: J.C. Adamson took part in the Norwegian Expedition . He is now 2nd Lieut., General List. A. H. Aldridge is a Leading Aircraftsman in training for a commission . R. E. Alton is a 2nd Lieut. in the Sherwood Foresters.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

]. N. Appelbe is a Gunner in an A.A. Regiment, R.A., and is stationed in a Midland town. H. Arnott, Pilot-Officer, R.A.F., has been acting as an instructor. L. D. A. Baron is a Leading Aircraftsman, R.A.F.V.R., training to be an Observer. N. Bartleet, Ordinary Signalman, R.N.V.R., has been serving in one of H.M. Trawlers. Rev. ÂˇG. H. Bateman, who was Deputy Assistant Chaplain-General with the rst Corps in France, is Senior Chaplain to the Forces at W oolwich. H. B. D. Beales, 2nd Lieut., R.A., was wounded while serving with the B.E.F. in France, but since his return to England has made a good recovery and is again on active service. T. R. Beatty, Commander, R.N., is attached to the Naval Meteorological Branch. D. A. Becher is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Norfolk Regt. N. S. Belam is a 211d Lieut. in an Anti-Tank Regt., R.A. I. E. N. Besley, Captain, R.A.S.C., served in the B.E.F. in France as Adjutant to a Divisional Petrol Company and returned safely through Dunkirk. Âˇ P. C. Birkinshaw is a Guardsman in the Grenadier Guards. A. B. Blaxland, Lieut.-Col., O.B.E., Indian Army, is in Egypt. ]. F. Bleasdale is an Ordinary Seaman, R.N.V.R., undergoing training in H.M.S. Raleigh. P. P. Bloy is an Ordinary Seaman, R.N.V.R., serving in one of H.M. Destroyers. D. Vi/. Boyd is an Ordinary Seaman, R.N.V.R., serving in one of H.M. Destroyers. M. H. A. Boyd, 2nd Lieut., Royal Tank Regt., has gone overseas. The Rev . G. T. Brett is a Chaplain to the Forces. J. A. Brett has returned from South Africa and is training in an O.C.T.U., R.A. M. R. Brown is training as a Trooper in the R.A.C. 0. T. Brown is undergoing training in the R.A.F. as A/C.2, R.A.F.V.R. V. C. H. Brown has been undergoing military training in Johannesburg. The Rev. C. V. Browne-\Vilkinson is a Chaplain, R.A.F. P. W. Burgess, 2nd Lieut., R.A., has gone overseas. G. M. Burnett is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Artillery. fhe Rev. LI. P. Burnett is a. Chaplain to the Forces, and is attached to a Battalion of the Royal Tank Regt. R. F. Burnett is a Sergeant in the Intelligence O;)fps (Field Security). ]. P. Burrough, 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Corps of Signals, has gone overseas. P. Byrom is training as a Writer, R.N.V.R. ]. M. D. Caesar is a 2nd Lieut. in the Hampshire Regt. ]. C. Cain, after training as an Ordinary Signalman, R.N.V.R:, in H.M.S. Impregnable, has transferred as a C.W.r candidate to the seaman branch. D. M. M. Carey has been training as a Writer, R.N.V.R., in H.M.S. Royal Arthur.

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G. V. Carlin, Lieut.-Commander, R.N.V.R., is serving in one of H.M. Battleships. G. Carruthers is a 2nd Lieut. in the Border Regt. D. E. Cattell is a 2nd Lieut. in a Coast Regt., R.A . P. CaulfeildcBrowne ha s been training in an O.C.T.U ., Royal Signals. B. W . Cave-Browne-Cave is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers. K. W. M. Christopher is training in the R.A.F. as A/C.2, R.A.F.V.R. A. R. Clark is a Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R., giving instruction in one of H.M. shore-training establishments. J. H. T. Clarke is a Captain in the R.A.S.C. F. F. Clemence is a 2nd Lieut. in the King's Own Royal Regt. D. H. Clibborn is a 2nd Lieut. in the Intelligence Corps. B. R. Coates is a Lance-Corporal in the Auxiliary Military Pioneer Corps. F. Cooke is training in the R.A.F. as A /C.2, R.A.F.V.R. R. A. Cooper is a znd Lieut. in The Border Regt. G. J. P. Courtney is a Private in the Royal Army Pay Corps. C. A. J. Cox is a Lance-Corporal in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). · · The Rev. S. Cox is a Chaplain to the Forces. A. L. Crowe is a Nursing Orderly in the R.A.M.C. T. R. H. Cuff is a Private in the Devon Regt. J. S. M. Dashwood is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Engineers. D. E. Davies is a 2nd Lieut. in the vVelch Regt. 0. P. Davies is an Ordinary Signalman, R.N.V.R., in one of H.M: Corvettes. R. P.H. Davies is a 2nd Lieut. in a Medium Regt., R.A. H. G. Dawber is a Lance-Corporal in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). F. W. Dawson is a 2nd Lieut. in the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry. C. Dobb is a Private in the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry. J. 0. Donnison is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Corps of Signals. J. W. Dowding is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Artillery. ·F. E. R. Ducker, Flying Officer,. R.A.F., was reported missing ii; July. Previously, as a member of his Squadron, he had been chiefly engaged in bombing ip France, Belgium and Holland. l;I. R. Durham is a 2nd Lieut. in the Lancashire Fusiliers . . G. R. R. East is a 2nd Lieut. in tf1e Royal Artillery . A. C. J. Eastwood, 2nd Lieut., R.A., is with a Field Battery in the Middle East. · · · H. D. Eastwood is a 2nd Lieut. in the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry. · · . J. B. F. Eckersley is a Trooper in a Training Regt., Royal Armoured Corps. . . The Rev. J. H. Edinger is a Chaplain attached to Toe H, Kirkwall. J. M. Edmonds is on the Meteorological Staff, R.A.F. H. G. Edwards is a Lieut. in the Royal Tank Regt.

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M. C. English is a Fusilier in an Infantry Training Regt. A. J. Ensor is a Sub-Lieut. in the Fleet Air Arm. D. Erskine, after becoming a Lance-Corporal in the King's Regt., was transferred to an 0. C. T. U. and has since been posted as a 2nd Lieut. in the Intelligence Corps. R. D. R. Evans is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Welch Fusiliers. H. Eyre is training for a commission in the Fleet Air Arm. M. Y. Ffrench-Williams, while he was an Ordinary Signalman, R.N.V.R., in H,M .S. vflhirlwind, saw service at Narvik and was torpedoed later. He has since received a commission as Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R. F. H. H. Finch is a 2nd Lieut., R.A.S.C. N. G. Fisher has been training as a Private in the R.A.S.C. D. A. F. Fleming is a Gunner in an A.A. Battery, R.A. B. M. Forrest, Lieut., King's Shropshire Light Infantry, is attached to a Brigade H.Q . as Brigade Intelligence Officer. A. W. Fowler is a 2nd Lieut., Searchlight Battery, R.A. E. F. Foxton is a Lieut. in the Army Educational Corps, and is in India. F. H. Frankcom has been promoted Captain in the Army Educational Corps. B. F. A. Geoghegan is in an O.C.T.U., Royal Corps of Signals. ]. A. Gibb is training in an Anti-Aircraft 0.C.T.U., R.A. W.W. E. Giles has been seconded from the Tanganyika Education Service and is Adjutant of a Battalion of the King's African Rifles in E. Africa. H. K. Girling is a Gunner in an A.A. Reserve Regt., R.A. H. Gore-Booth is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Irish Fusiliers. K. A. Gourlay is a Private in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps. C. Grayson is a Private in the Royal Army Pay Corps. R. J. Griffith is a 2nd Lieut. in the North Irish Horse, Royal Armoured Corps. ]. H. P. Hadden is a 2nd Lieut. in the Duke of Wellington's Regt. ]. H.P. Hall is a Lieut., instructing in an 0.C.T.U. ]. M. G. Halsted has been training in an O.C.T.U., Royal Armoured Corps. The Rev. R. S. W. Harrison is a Chaplain, R.A.F. J. B. Harvey is training for a commission in the R.A.F. M. M. Hawes is a Driver in the R.A.S.C. C. J. Hayes is to be congratulated on his promotion to Major, R.A.S .C., and on his being 'brought to notice for distinguished services rendered in connexion with operations in the field up to March , 1940.' He returned safely from France. A.]. Healey is an A/C.2, R.A.F. School of Physical Training. E. A. H. Heard is training as a cadet in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). A. E. Hill is a Flight-Lieut., R.A.F. C. R. Hiscocks is a Lieut. in an A.A. Regt., Royal Marines. The Rev.]. N. C. Holland, Chaplain, R.N., has been attached to a Mechanical Training Establishment. D.]. Holmes is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Marines.

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J. F. Hopkinson, Major, The Border Regt. , was wounded in France, and has been in hospital since his return to England. He has lost the sight in his right eye, but, otherwise, is making good recovery. A. C. Hordern, Captain, The Royal W arwickshire Regt., has been G.S.0.3 at Army Headquarters, India, and is to be congratulated on his admission to the Staff College, Quetta. The Rev. P. S. Hordern is a Chaplain to the Forces, serving_with the Corps of Signals. . The Rev. R. L. Hordern is a Chaplain to the Forces in Egypt. The Rev. T. V. Hordern is a Chaplain to the Forces. The Rev. T. H. Horsfield is a Chaplain, R.N. M. J. Howarth is a 2nd Lieut. in the North Staffordshire R egt. C. C. Hughes is a Lieut. in The Devons, but is attached to a Young Soldiers Battalion of the Hampshire Regt. E. E. Hughes is a Lieut. in the Royal Tank Regt. J. R. Hughes has been training as a Sapper in the Royal Engineers. W. H. Huntington is serving overseas as a Private in the King's Own Royal Rifles. J. W. Hurford, 2nd Lieut., R.A.S.C., served in the B .E .F. m France and returned to England safely through Dunkirk. R. Illsley is a 2nd Lieut. in the Cheshire Regt. J. E. Jackson is a Lieut. in the Royal Artillery. T. R. Jackson is a Trooper in a Training Regt., Royal Armoured Corps. D . T. N. James is a Lance-Sergeant in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). A. C. Jenkinson is a Private in the Royal East Kent Regt. M. F. Jerrom is a Trooper in a Training Regt., R.A.C. B. C. W. Johnson, Major, O.B.E., T.D., is in the King's Shropshire Light Infantry. The Rev. J. N. Keeling is a Chaplain, R.A.F. G. S. Keen is a Captain in the Royal Berkshire Regt. C. M. Kelly has been serving in an O.C.T. U., R.A., but has been released from the Army on his appointment to a cadetship in the Tropical African Administrative Service. D. N. F. Kempston is a 211d Lieut. in the Royal Artillery. L. W. Kennan is to be congratulated on his promotion to Major, R.A.S .C. He returned safely from France, where he was concerned with ammunition transport. M. B. Kennaway is a Lance-Corporal in a Training Battalion of the R.A.S.C. D. C. Kennedy has been seconded from the N. Rhodesian Administrative Service and is a Leading Aircraftsman training in the Rhodesian Air Force. J. du M. Kenyon, Lieut., R.A., was with the B.E.F. in France and served in an Anti-Tank Regt. J. W. King was with the B .E.F. in France, serving as a Gunner in the R.A., and returned safely through Dunkirk. He is now training in an O.C.T.U., R.A. The Rev. W. J. Lancaster is a Chaplain to the Forces. P. G. Langhorne is training as a Driver in the R.A.S.C.

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J. F. Lavender is a 2nd Lieut. in the King's Shropshire Light Infantry. R. M.A. Lawson is a Gunner in a Field Regt., R.A. R . Lister is a 2nd Lieut. in the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry. W. J. H. Liversidge is a 2nd Lieut. in the Duke of Edinburgh's Own Rifles and is serving with the Union of South Africa Defence Force in Kenya. The Rev. R. J. Lowe, Chaplain, R.N., returned to England after being abroad in H.M.S. Cumberland, and is at sea agÂˇain. C. Lummis, 2nd Lieut., was attached as liaison and cypher officer to No. 4 Company of the Independent N.W. Expeditionary Force, and after an exciting three weeks in Norway was taken off with his platoon from Bodo in H.M.S. Havelock and came home in H.M.S. Vindictive. R. J. Lund is a Lance-Corporal in a Training Battalion of the Royal Engineers. J. S. McAdam is training in an O.C.T.U., R.A. A. F. Macdonald is a Private in the R.A.M.C. R. Mclsaac is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Army Pay Corps. J. McManners is a 2nd Lieut.' in the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers. G. W. McNaught is a Pilot-Officer, R.A.F.V.R., in the Intelligence Branch, R.A.F. The Rev. W. W. S. March is a Chaplain to the Forces and is stationed at Shornecliffe. G. E. Marfell, 2nd Lieut., Royal Signal Corps, has gone overseas . H. C. Marston; 2nd Lieut., R.E., was with the B.E.F. in Belgium and France and returned safely through Dunkirk. The Rev. F. Martin is a Chaplain to the Forces. P. H. Mathews is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Signal Corps. J. H. Mayne is training in the Fleet Air Arm. A. H. Mead is a Captain in the Sherwood Foresters. He was in France and Belgium with the B.E.F. and was attached to a Brigade as liaison officer. He returned safely through Dunkirk. J.P. de C. Meade is undergoing a course as a Private in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). G. J. P. Merifield is a Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R., serving in the Mediterranean. J. R. H. Merifield is a Pilot-Officer, R.A.F.V.R. M. H. Miles is a Lance-Corporal in an Infantry Training Centre. \V. H. Mitchell is a 2nd Lieut. in the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry. N. E. Monie is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Corps of Signals. D. D. Moor is an A/C.2 in the R.A.F. D. S. Morgan is a 2nd Lieut. in the Manchester Regt. A. P. Morice, Lieut., Army Educational Corps, has been attached to a Divisional H.Q. in Palestine. M. J. M6rtiiner is an A/C.2 in the R.A.F. L. P. Mosdell is serving overseas as a Lance-Bombardier m the Sussex Ye"omanry, R.A .

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I<. R. Mountain is a Paymaster Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R., after having served as a Writer in H.M.S. Sheffield. H. Moyse-Bartlett is to be congratulated on his promotion as Major, Royal Corps of Signals. He was with the Corps ot Signals in Â°France and has safely returned. E. D. Neal is an A/ C.2 in the R.A.F . D. E. Newell has been seconded from the Colonial Audit Dept. and is serving as a 2nd Lieut. in the King's R oyal African Rifles in E. Africa. P. H . G. Newhouse is abroad with the R.A.F. E. H. Nicholson, 2nd Lieut., R .A.S .C., was with the B.E.F. in Belgium and France and safely returned through Dunkirk. T. V. Nicholson is to be congratulated on his promotion as Major. He was largely concerned with railway transport duties in France and was attached to G.H.Q. F. T. Okely; .Lieut., R.A.S.C., is stationed in Malta. The Rev. K. C. Oliver is a Chaplain to the Forces. H . R. Orton, Captain, R.A.S .C., is still in Palestine. J. C. Palmer, Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R., is serving in one of H.M. Corvettes. P. C. Palmer is a Lance-Corporal in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). J. P ark is a Guriner in the Intelligence Corps. S. F. Parsons is training in a Light Training Regt., R.A.C. F. 'H. Pedley is a Private in the Royal Army Pay Corps. H . H . Penningfon is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Engineers. A. J. Perry is a Lance-Corporal in an Infantry Training Unit of the Royal Warwickshire Regt. S. V. Peskett is a Lieut. in the Royal Marines. S . vV. N. Phillips is a 2nd Lieut., R.A., attached to a Heavy AntiAircraft Battery. K. Pigot is a 2nd Lieut. in the Loyal Regt. M. W. Pitt is a 2nd Lieut. in the York and Lancaster Regt., and is serving in the Middle East. J. Plant, 2nd Lieut., R. A. , is in Egypt. L. T. Podmore, Captain, Royal Marines, was with the contingent that landed for the protection of Iceland. H e has since taken part in the expedition to Dakar~ J. F. A. Porter is a Pilot-Officer, R.A.F.V.R. R .. M. vV. Powell is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Engineers. M . S.Preston, 2nd Lieut., Oxford and Bucks. Lig ht Infantry, went out to Belgium with the B.E.F. and is reported missing-, having been last seen at Cassel, vvhere his battalion was heavily engaged'. G. E. Price is a P'rivate at the Infantry Training Centre of the Northamptonshire Regt. Major E. C. Priestley, 0.B.E., is on the staff of the School of Military Administration. C. R. B. Quentin wasÂˇ wounded in the course of an air-raid when he was visiting another Aularian. He has since been commissioned Paymaster Sub-Lieut., R.N. V .R.

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J. J. D. A. P. M. Quinn, 2nd Lieut. in the R.A.S.C., was in Belgium and France with the B.E.F. and returned safely through Dunkirk. H. A. F. Radley is a 2nd Lieut. in the Lancashire Fusiliers. ] Rashleigh is a Lance-Corporal in the Royal Sussex Regt. F. ÂˇR. Rawes is a Lance-Corporal in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). S . G. Rees is attached to a Searchlight Battery, R.A. A. M. Reid has been training as a Gunner in the R.A. C. L. Robathan is a Lance-Bombardier in a Heavy Anti-Aircraft Training Regt. The Rev. F. N. Robathan was with the B.E.F. in Belgium and France as a Senior Chaplain to the Forces attached to a Division and safely returned through Dunkirk. He has since been attached to a Division, Home Forces. F. G. Roberts is a Pilot-Officer, R.A.F.V.R., engaged in barrage balloon duties. J. M. U. Robins is a Lance-Corporal in the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry. B. A. Rogers is a Flying Officer, R.A.F.V.R., and is attached to an operational squadron. P. H. Rogers is a Gunner in an Anti-Tank Training Regt., R.A. T . M. F. Rogers is a Leading Aircraftsman in the R.A.F. J. D. Rosser is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Tank Regt. J. C. Rowley is a Staff Captain in the Army Educational Corps. T. Russell is a Lance-Corporal in the R.E. Survey. J. E. Rutherford is training as a Signalman in the Royal Corps of Signals. R . R. Rylands is a 2nd Lieut. in the King's Shropshire Light Infantry and is serving overseas. D. G. C. Salt .is a Private in the Royal Warwickshire Regt. H. N. Savory is a Gunner in an Anti-Aircraft Battery, R.A. The Rev. G. Sayle was with the B.E.F. in France and Belgium as a Chaplain to the Forces, attached to a Casualty Clearing Station, and safely returned through Dunkirk. M . W. Scott is a 2nd Lieut., R.A., attached to an A.A. Battery. The Rev. J.M. Scutt is a Chaplain, R.A.F. ]. C. C. Shapland as a Captain in the R.A.S.C. served with the Expeditionary Force in Norway. A. K. Sharp is a 2nd Lieut. in the Monmouthshire Regt. J. N. Shaw is a Pilot-Officer, R.A.F.V.R., engaged in physical training duties. H. T. Shergold is a Lance-Corporal in the Hampshire Regt. G. L. H. R. Shield, 2nd Lieut., the Black Watch Regt., has been acting as a liaison officer with the R.A.F., and has been attached to H.Q., Scottish Command. He is to be congratulated on being recommended for admission to the Staff College. J. Shipwrig~t is in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security) and is on service overseas. C. E. B. B. Simpson is training for a commission in the Royal Artillery. The Rev. F. S. W,. Simpson is a Chaplain to. the Forces.

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. E.W. Slaughter is a Driver in a Training Battalion of the R.A.S.C. A. G. Slemeck, Sub-Lieut., R.N.V.R., is serving in one of H.M. Trawlers. R. H. Slemeck is training in the Fleet Air Arm. A. Woodhouse Smith is a Lance-Corporal in a Military Training Battalion, R.E. J. C. E. Smith is a Fusilier in the Royal Welch Fusiliers. P. M. Smith is a Private in the Royal Warwickshire Regt. P. Woodhouse Smith is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Engineers. S. J. H. Smith is a 2nd Lieut. in the Oxford and Bucks Light Infantry. W. P. Smith, after training in an 0.C.T. U., R.A., has been transferred to the Cadet \!Ving of the R.E. Survey. J. F. G. Sootheran is training in an O.C.T.U. Squadron, R.A.C. The Rev. P. S. Sprent is a Chaplain to the Forces. P. D. Stobart is training in an O .C.T.U ., R.A. E. G. Stokes is a Pilot Officer; R.A .F .V.R., and is now stationed in the Middle East. L. I. Stowe is a Lance-Corporal in the Intelligence Corps (Field Security). N. J. Strachan is a Private in the Royal Army Pay Corps. R. G. Strong, Lieut., R.A.S.C., was in France with a Field Ambulance. E. W. Sudale is a Trooper in the R.A.C. The Rev. A. E. A. Sulston is a Chaplain to the Forces. M. E. H. Suter is a 2nd Lieut. in the Somerset Light Infantry. H. Taberner, after training as a Private, R.A.S.C . , has gone out East. J. S. Tennant is a Captain in the West Yorkshire Regt. C. M. Thomas is a 2nd Lieut. in the North Irish Horse. D. M. Thomas, after having served as a Corporal in the Army Field Workshop of the R.A.0.C., is training in an O.C.T. U. G. LI. Thomas is training for a commission in an O.C.T.U., R.A. B. E. Toland is a Lieut. in the Leicestershire Regt. J. H. Tyzack is a Gunner in a Defence Regt., R.A. A. M. Urquhart is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Artillery. W. Wallace is a Lance-Bombardier in a Searchlight Detachment, R.A. C. P. Walsh is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Engineers. W. L. Ward is training as a Signalman at a Signals Training Centre. A. W. W. Watson is a 2nd Lieut. in the Gordon Highlanders. M. P. Whitaker has been training as a Trooper in the R.A.C. V. M. Wilford is a 2nd Lieut. in the Royal Artillery. D. H. Willson is a Private in the R.A.S.C. A. T. de B. vVilmot has been seconded from the N. Rhodesian Administrative Service and is serving as a 2nd Lieut. in the Kenya Regt. D. R. Wilson is a Leading Aircraftsman, R .A.F.V.R. T. G. C. Woodford is training in a Training Regt., R.A.C. S. C. Woodger is a Gunner in anAnti-AircraftTrainingRegt., R.A.

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R. T. C. Worsley has been training as an, Ordinary Seaman, R.N.V.R., in H.M.S. Collingwood. ~" G. Worth is a Gunner in a Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, R.A. E. L. \!Vright, after training in N. Ireland as a Rifleman in the Royal Ulster Rifles, has joined an O.C.T.U. in England. J. S. Wynne is an Ordinary Signalman, R .N.V.R. E. C. C. Wynter has been training in an O.C.T.U., R.A. (H.A.C.). The Rev. Dr. E. E. Yelverton is a Senior Chaplain to the Forces. HALL STAFF. A. Blay is in the Observer Corps. J. Dudgeon was seriously wounded at Cassel when he was serving as a Sergeant in the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry. He is a prisoner-of-war and is in hospital in Belgium. D. W. Filer is a Sergeant Instructor in a Brigade School of Cookery: F. Harper returned safely from Boulogne, where he was stationed as a Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant, Field Ambulance, R.A.M.C. He is at present in the Middle East. E. R. Hill is training as an Ordinary Seaman, R.N.V.R. b. Williams is serving in the Auxiliary Fire Service. C. Woodward served as a Gunner, R.A., with the B.E.F., and returned safely through Dunkirk.

OBITUARY HERBERT LOUIS WILD, BISHOP In the death of the Right Rev. Herbert Louis Wild, sometime Bishop of Newcastle, the Hall mourns the loss of a distinguished former Vice-Principal and a very constant friend. Born in 1865, Dr. Wild went to school at Charterhouse, and on winning a classical scholarship came up to Exeter College, where he obtained a First in Honour Moderations and a Second in ' Greats,' and of which for the last fourteen years of his life he was an Honorary Fellow. On taking his degree in 1888, he went to the University of Durham as a Lecturer in Classics, but after an absence ,,pf , four years returned to. Oxford on appointment to a lecturership at his own college. In 1895 he was ordained deacon by Bishop Stubbs and accepted the invitation of the Principal, Dr. Moore, to come to the Hall as Vice-Principal and Chaplain. The Hall as he knew it during the eight years of his residence within its walls was a very small society, maintaining a brave struggle to hold its own among Colleges that enjoyed considerably superior numbers. As Vice-Principal he gave every encouragement in his power to the efforts made by members of the Hall to take their part in inter-college contests. In particular, the Boat Club owed much to his , active support : in ' tub ' .pairs and on th~ tow-path he

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was untirihg' as a coach. Aularians who were at the Hall during his Vice-principalship will remember his love of Wordsworth and of Wagner-both cults were then fashionable-and recall his readings from the poet at coffee after hall dinner. While he was at the Hall he won attention as a promising writer Qn theological subjects . In the volume of essays Contentio Veritatis, by Six Oxford Tutors_, published in 1902, his contribution on ' The Teaching of Christ ' received particularly favourable notice. l)nfortunately, his subsequent immersion in parochial and episcopal matters hindered him in pursuing paths of schofarship; but his name is associated as co-editor with that useful series of commentaries issued by the Oxford University Press under the title of the Clarendon Bible. His wide reading and his measured and discerning judgment were reflected inÂˇ his sermons. ' A charming voice, clear and flexible, cultivated diction, scholarship which was never pedantic, vigour and originality of treatment- all these made his sermons a delight at the moment and a treasure in retrospect'so writes a former Fellow of his own college, well qualified to express an opinion. In 1903 he resigned the Vice-Principalship on his marriage to Miss Helen Christian Severn, daughter of Mr. Walter Severn, a wellÂˇknown water-colour artist. After a year at Nottingham as curate of St. Anne's, and four years as Priest-in-charge of St. John's, Carrington, he returned to Oxford in 1909 as Vicar of St. Giles' . [n this latter year he was appointed a Select Preacher to the University, an office to which he was appointed a second time in 1917, when he was also appointed a Select Preacher by the Universi.t y cif Cambridge. His good services as an examining chaplain to the Bishop of Bath and Wells and to the Bishop of Southwell led to closer associations with both these dioceses. His presentation in 1911 to a prebendal stall in Wells Cathedral did not necessitate his leaving Oxford; but his appointment in 1913 as Archdeacon of Nottingham .and Rector of Southwell took him for the third t. im~ away from his many Oxford friends. Within two years he was offered the bishopric of Newcastle, In accepting this appointment he shouldered a particularly difficult task. His predecessor, Bishop Straton, had fostered within the diocese rigidly Low Church sympathies. Bishop Wild prov~d himself no extremist, but by his wise and considerate leading brought about friendly co-operation for the furtherance of the wo,rk of the Church, whether on Tyneside or in remote border parishes. Eventu<illy his health became seriously impaired as a result of overwprk,

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE and rn 1927 he resigned and returned to spend the aliltumn of his life in Oxford. Although physical disability limited his activities, he never admitted defeat, but took evident pleasure in taking his part in the terminal sequence of academic meetings and services. Elected a Vice-President of the Aularian Association at its inception, he was year by year a most welcome figure at all Aularian gatherings. JAMES THOMAS TAYLOR The Rev. James Thomas Taylor, M.A., died at his home in Bristol on October 3 at the age of ninety. After leaving school he entered Butcher's Bank at Aylesbury, but at the age of thirty-two left with the intention of proceeding to Holy Orders. He had married four years before : he and his wife lived to celebrate their diamond wedding in r938. He came up to Oxford as a Non-Collegiate student .in Hilary Term, 1882, and migrated to the Hall in Michaelmas Term, 1885. On graduating in 1887, he was ordained to a curacy at St. Paul's, Maidstone. From there he moved in 1891 to Bexley Heath. From 1895 to 1903 he was curate-in-charge of Hailsham, Sussex. In the latter year he was appointed Warden and Chaplain of Partis College, Bath, where widows and daughters of clergy and other professional men have residence, and continued in charge o.f , the college for fourteen years. On leaving Bath in 1917 he went for a year as curate-in-charge of Hemington and Hardington, between Radstock and Frome, and then accepted the living of Stanton Drew, also in Somerset, which he held until his retirement in 1923. But he continued in harness until he was eighty-six, taking Sunday duty and travelling all over the country to preach for the National Society. He had six children, of whom four, a son and three daughters, survive him. ANDREW CAMPBELL HAIR The.. Rev. Andrew Campbell Hair, M.A., Honorary Canon of t Ely Cathedral, died at Lyme Regis on June 4 at the age of seventy-three. He came up to the Hall from Woki'~g School in Hilary Term, 1887, and graduated in 1889. Two years later he was ordained to a curacy at St. Peter's, Coventry. In 1897 he moved to his native county of Suffolk, and for the next six years was curate at the beautiful church of Long Melford. After two years spent as curate in the neighbouring town of Sudbury, he was appointed in 1905 Vicar of Have1Âˇhill in the same county. In l9IO he accepted the living of Holy Trinity, Ely, the parish church of which comprised the Lady Chapel of the cathedral. He was Rural Dean from 1914 to 1923, when he left Ely to become Vicar of Willingham.

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The high regard in which he was held by his fellow-clergy at Ely was again exemplified in his new parish by his appointment as Rural Dean of North Stowe. He took a leading part in furthering res~ue and preventive work in the diocese, and in no direction were his fatherly qualities and sound judgment more fruitfully employed. ~n 1933 he received well-merited recognition of his long service in the diocese li:>y appointment to an honorary canonry. In 1937 he retired from his parish of WillingÂˇham and went with his daughter, Miss Joan K. Hair, to live at Lyme Regis. Since the formation of the Aularian Association he has been a regular attendant at the Annual Reunion of old members . . He belonged to an older generation of Aularians who followed with affectionate interest the progress of the Hall in recent years. CHARLES EDWARD ROE The Rev. Charles Edward Roe, M.A., died, after a long illness, . on August 4 at Buxted, aged seventy-eight. Born at Cambridge, he went to the Perse School. As he displayed very promising artistic talent, he was encouraged to follow his father's example and study to be a pain.t er. Before he was out of his 'teens, he had had a picture of his, ' Mussell Gathering,' exhibited at Liverpool. On leaving school he studied landscape painting under James Peel and later under Ernest Parton. In 1884 he had his first picture acGepted by the Royal Academy: he was then twenty-two . Subsequently he exhibited at the Academy on several occasions. But, at twenty-five, he felt strongly convinced of his vocation to Holy Orders and entered the Hall as an undergraduate in Michaelmas Term, 1887. He set himself industriously to pick up his school studies where he had left them off six or seven years before, and in 1891 proceeded to his degree. In the following year he was ordained to a curacy at All Saints', Landport, where for three years he was Closely associated with Father Dolling. In 1897 he moved to St. Mary Magdalen, Brighton, and two years later accepted the post of Chaplai n to the House of l';J,ercy at Great Maplestead in Essex. He returned in 1902 to Brighton to work as an assistant priest under Father Halli~ well at St. Paul's. After an association of fourteen years with this church, with its memories of Father Wagner, he was appointed in 1917 Vicar of another 'Wagner Church,' St. Mary's, Buxted. There, until his resignation in 1935, he exemplified with great devotion, in teachi,ng and worship, the Anglo-Catholic tradition in which he had grown up. In the service of the Church the artist in him continued tq find expression, as several altar-pieces which he painted bear witness.

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It was indicative of the affectionate memories that l:i~ had of his undergraduate days that at the time of his death there was still in his possession the Hall blazer that he had worn over fifty years ago. WILLIAM ALFRED BAKER-BEALL The Rev. William Alfred Baker-Beall, M.A., died on January I I at the age of seventy-four. He was admitted to the Hall in Trinity Term, 1888, and obtained a Third in Modern History in 1891. On graduation he was ordained to a curacy at St. Mark's, Kennington, and after six years in South London he moved in 1897 to Holy Trinity, Coventry. In 1901 he became Organising Secretary of the Chu.rch of England Temperance Society in the diocese of Worcester, and in the following year undertook as well the post of Lecturer at Queen's College, Birmingham. He was appointed Rector of Rushock, near Droitwich, in 1903. He left the Worcester diocese for that of Bradford five years later to become Vicar of St. Mark's, Manningham, where he worked for the next eleven years. In 1929 he accepted the country living of West with East Allington, Lines., which he held until his retirement last year. FREDERICK LAWSON WHATLEY The Rev. Frederick Lawson vVhatley, M.A., died at Bournemouth on March 26, aged sixty-seven. He entered the Hall from St. Ed,ward's School in Michaelmas Term, 1892, with the intention ?f taking Holy Orders. On graduating in 1896 he went to Lichfield Theological College. After his ordination as deacon in the following year he went out to Queensland, as curate of St. Nicholas with St. Leonard's, Brisbane. In 1900 he accepted the post of Chaplain at Lima_, Peru. In recognition of his work there, he was appointed in 1906 to a canonry in Christ Church ÂˇCathedral, Port Stanley, Falkland Islands. In 1907 he returned to England, and, after holding for one year a curacy at St. George's, Clai.nes, Worcs., he became a Minor Canon of Worcester Cathedral. In -..1915 he was appointed Vicar of All Saints, Bromsgrove. After eight years in this parish, he was presented by the Bishop of Worcester to the rectory of Shelsley Beauchamp, which living he held until his retirement in 1937. From 1929 to 1934 he was Rural Dean of Martley. HENRY HUNN RUMSEY The Rev. Henry Hunn Rumsey, M.A., Vicar of Quorn, Honorary Canon of Leicester Cathedral, died suddenly on May 24, aged sixtythree. The son of a well-known Anglo-Catholic layman in North London, he was at school at Hurstpierpoint. He came up to the

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Hall in MiDhaelmas Term, 1896, and graduated with a Third in Modern History in 1899. In the latter year he was ordained from Ely Theological College to a curacy at Kettering. In 1909 he was appointed Vicar of Quorn, Leics., and there and in the diocese, during a notable incumbency of just over thirty years, his friendliness and energetic devotion to pastoral work won him great esteem. The regard in which he was held received timely recognition in 1933, when he was appointed Rural Dean of Akeley East and to an Honorary Canonry in Leicester Cathedral. His son, the Rev. S. H. Rumsey, who, following his example, came up to the Hall in 1932, is assured of the sympathy of all Aularians who knew him and his father. ARCHIBALD PANETON CLEMENT REES The Rev. Archibald Paneton Clement Rees died at Montreal on March 9, aged forty-seven. He came up to the Hall from Christ College, Brecon, in Michaelmas Term, 1912. When, at the end of his second year, war broke out, he joined the Army immediately. On receiving a commission, he served with the Welch Fusiliers in Gallipoli and afterwards in Mesopotamia. He was promoted to the rank of Captain. ~Thile he was on active service he was seriously wounded. On demobilisation he entered the Colonial Administrative Service and went out to the Gold Coast as an Assistant District Officer. As the result of attacks of black water fever he was invalided out of the service. Subsequently he went to Canada and was ordained deacon in 1928 to a curacy at St. Clement's, Verdun, Montreal, but, unhappily, at the end of a year ill-health intervened and he was obliged to resign and was never able to proceed to the priesthood . . PERCY BARWELL SPRIGGS The Rev. Percy Barwell Spriggs, M.A., Vicar of St,, Peter's, Rushden, N:orthants., died on July 20, aged fifty-two. On leaving school he was articled to Messrs. Langley and Baines, a firm of architects in Leicester. There he made good progress; but in 1913 he decided to offer himself for ordination, and, with that object in view, entered the Hall in Michaelmas Term, 1914. After putting Pass Moderations behind him, he enlisted in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps in December, 1915. After serving for some time in the ranks he received a commission and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. He saw service in France in 1917-18. On demobilisation he resumed residence at the Hall and proved a pillar of our society in the reconstructive days after the war . He was

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President of the Hall Debating Society and of the Church Guild. His industry and good ability found appropriate reward in a Second in the Honour School of Theology. On taking his degree he went to Cuddesdon College, and from there was ordained in 1922 to a curacy at St. John the Baptist, P eterborough. After five strenuous years in Peterborough, made more than ordinarily strenuous through t he illness of his v icar, he was appointed in 1927 Vicar of Rushden. There he actively maintained the Catholic tradition already established in his parish; but ' his own firm adherence to Catholic principles_,' as has been remarked by one who knew him well; 'in no way impaired his personal friendship with Nonconformi sts in the town and his readiness to work with all men of good will in furthering causes of common social concern.' During his incumbency he added a Lady Chapel to the parish church and built a mission church to serve a new housing estate that had been developed within recent years in his parish. Those who knew him as a post-war undergrad uate of thirty years of age will have expected that he would prove himself a much beloved parish priest. Somewhat heavy in build, having in repose a grave demeanour, he had, in fact, a generous fun d of gentle humour, and readily communicated confidence and friendliness. JAMES LYALL On June 21 James Lyall, Captain in the Durham Light Infantry, was found near Alne in Yorkshire severely injured as the result of a motor-cycle accident while he was travelling on service at night during a n air-raid. He was taken to hospital, but died the next day. So far as is certainly known, his death is the first Aularian loss in the present war. Lyall was admitted to the Hall from Magdalen College School in Michaelmas Term, 1936. During the six years that he was at Magdalen College School he took an active part Âˇ in all sides of school life; he was a member of the Rug by Football XV, obtained his First IV Rowing Colours and was a School Prefec,t of proved capacity. On entering the Hall he embarked on the study of law, a subject in which .h e took a keen interest and for which he showed a, marked aptitude. His industry was rewarded by a good Second in his Final Schools. He applied him self whole-heartedly to whatever he undertook. The H a ll Moot Club, of which he was President in his third year, owed much to his efforts on its behalf. On the river he found a particularly congenial sphere of activity. In his first year he stroked the wi nning Mawdesley Four; in his second year he stroked a successful Second Torpid, and rowed '5 ' in an even

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE more successful Second VIII that made six bumps. In his last year he rowed ' 7 ' in the Godstow VIII that won the Pazolt Cup, andÂˇ it was a great disappointment that a strain to his heart prevented him from rowing again in Torpids or Eights. On going down in 1939 he was to have joined the London staff of a leading firm of chartered accountants, but the war intervened. It was characteristic of his lively sense of duty that he was already holding a Territorial commission when war broke out. He was soon promoted to the rank of Captain in his county regiment. His death occurred three weeks. before the date fixed for his marriage. All who knew James Lyall recognised in him a most staunch . spirit, never happier than when membership of a crew or team called for as hard an effort as he could make. A.B.E. JOSEPH COPEMAN To be a good College servant for any long time requires some considerable graces .and virtues. It involves living in two worlds, the world of College where existence is unnaturally free from the unpleasant facts of sickness, scarcity, old age and death, whereÂˇ nearly everyone is young and fit and high-spirited, and there is little to remind a man _of the other world outside the College walls in. which the unpleasant facts constantly occur. The College servant lives in both worlds and has to play his part and keep his head in both-no easy matter for a dull or slow-witted man. But to a man who is quick and versatile, who loves his fellows and does not shirk hard work, the career of a College servant is a delight. Such a man was Joseph Copeman. He was born in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, on 8 December, 1859. His forbears for generations were, I believe, parish clerks at West Walton, a neighbouring parish in Norfolk; I presume that his surname preserved a similar connexion with the Church in mediaeval times. A more recent historical connexion was with the family of the first Lord Nelson; a great-aunt had been housekeeper at Burnham Thorpe and had handed down some relics of those days. My own knowledge of Copeman began when he came to my father as groom in 1882, I think. Very soon my younger brother and I discovered that we had found a splendid friend. He taught us to ride; he was invaluable on fishing expeditions ; and he was always kind and understanding and never out of temper. I am rather vague about his career before he came to us: as a boy he had had, I know, very little schooling, for very early he was a page in good service in Leicester and for some years he was in the training stables at New-

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mar1':et. There he had various experiences, more than once taking :a race-horse over to France, and once, I think, to North Africa. He had some bad accidents, breaking his collar-bone and then a leg by being thrown, but I fancy that it was an attack of pneumonia ·that made it clear that he was not intended to be a jockey. On leaving the turf for private service, he came to us and was the delight of my boyhood. Once to our grief he. left us to go to a friend of my father's in the East Riding, but he soon came back and was the joy of every holidays. He would plan all sorts of <expeditions when, after 1885, we moved to Hertfordshire: ratting, rabbitirtg, fishing, and when there was a meet nearby he would take us to follow the hounds on foot. Then, just before I went up to Oxford and we no longer had a horse, he left for private service in Leicester. But we always kept in touch and he took care of an old dog for us, to whom he and we were devoted. I have never known anyone so wise and good with animals as he; _horses .and dogs he loved and they in turn loved him; he understood them as he understood human beings. Then his master at Leicester died and the firm of which he had been head took Copeman into their service. The work was uncon.g enial, but he did it. Early in June, 1903, at the end of my second term at the Hall I heard that he was fatally ill and had only a few months to live. As soon as I could, I set off for Leicester to ~ee him, -as I supposed, for the last time. To my amazement this dying man met -me at the station. He made no reference to his approaching end, and I found it difficult to allude to it, but, as soon as I could, I got a word with his wife and asked to be told the worst. She was .greatly surprised and assured me that her husband was not at all seriously ill, but that he longed to give up his irksome job. My ·servant at the Hall, Henry Bateson, was about to leave, and the Principal, Dr. Moore, was anxious about a suitable successor. Very tentatively I sounded Copeman about taking th~ place. To my ·delight, he said he would like to come and try. I persuaded the Principal to appoint him for a term on trial, and at the beginning of October, 1903, he came up. The success of the experiment every ·member of the Hall since that day knows. For he soon dropped into ·the new routine, though he was diffident and often very depressed in the first few weeks and sometimes on the point of giving up. But ·the Hall worked its magic on him, as it has on the rest of us, and wound itself round his heart. He loved it and for the rest of his life gave the best he had to give to its service. He watched with delight -its splendid growth and never tired of recounting its triumphs. ·Occasionally, in telling the story of its buildings to tour"ists, his

JosEP 11

Co 1Â· E~ 1 11N .

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"imagination flew too high: an undergraduate was shocked to hear him solemnly assuring some American visitors that the Chapel was a thousand years old, but those flights were really rhetorical. Three qualities stood out in him. First, his remarkable sense of humour: nothing absurd escaped his eye, and his accounts of men and things were works of art, for he had a dangerously good gift of mimicry. But there was never a touch of malice; he would let his imagination run riot chiefly to amuse himself, for the pure fun of the thing; he had no need of an audience . He has been compared with Sam \!Veller, and the two had much in common, but Copeman 's humour seldom ran to vivid phrase; at least, I remember few. To an undergraduate panting at the Chapel door after it had closed at 8 a.m. (in the days when term was kept by attending on thirty week-day moi-nings and Copeman had to mark men in), he replied in answer to an entreaty to be marked as being present : ' I daren 't, sir. The Vice-Principal would see it: he's got eyes like a hungry hawk.' He had the corresponding defect of this quality: he was subject to depression and was apt to be despondent, but he quickly rallied. His second gift was his perfect control of his temper. I have never known him angry or even irritable, and I speak from an intiâ&#x20AC;˘ mate experience of over fifty years. He had his likes and dislikes and he was contemptuous occasionally, but even his contempt was tinged with humour. I have never come across a more sweettempered man, and it was this quality which made his home life so happy . His third gift was his deep loyalty. Once his respect and affection had been won he never swerved : his heroes remained heroes to the end. It is good to remember that this quality met with its reward here. The Principal whom he first served, Dr. Moore, was, save to those he knew well, ~ery reserved. But he learnt to appreciate Copeman and entertained him at Canterbury, even sending his carriage to meet him at the station, an attention Copeman never forgot. Words fail me to describe his devotion to the present Principal; even if I tried to write of it my words would, I am sure, be erased by an editorial pencil. I must, however, refer to the honour paid at Copeman's funeral in the Hall Chapel. First, the Requiem said by the Rev. R. F. W. Fletcher (in the absence of the Vice-Principal through illness), then later in the morning, when the body was brought to the Hall, the coffin was draped with the Hail flag for a pall and was carried round the quadrangle which he had tended so carefully. The Principal and the Fellows fol'. owed as mourners, and a former Principal, the Bishop of Dorchester (Principal, 1920-28), and Dr. Hodgson (Vice-Principal, 1914-19) Âˇtook

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part in the service. 'No more could have been done if he had been the Head of the House,' a member of his family wrote to me, and· the gratitude of all who knew and cared for Joseph Copeman will go out to the Principal for arranging such a fine ending to his nearly thirty-seven years of service. My own last sight of him was at the end of December, 1939, when, just before beginning' residence' in January, I came up to see him. He was in bed and very ill, but he brightened up and talked eagerly. Then I prayed with him, and he begged me to come again ' that we might have a nice long prayer together.' That last memory of him fits in with all the rest, for he was a very reverent man and he felt deeply about religion, though he did not often speak of it. I must bear this further witness: well as I knew him, from my childhood onwards, I never heard him swear (and a boy's ears are quick to catch such words), nor did I ever hear him say anything approaching a coarse or foul thing. ' Fools make a mock at sin '; he never did, and not one of his many jests ever approached what was irreverent or unclean. In his last days he thought he saw me in his room and said that I had been to see him, and then he tried to send me a message, but his voice was too faint for those who were with him to catch his words. So the message remains unknown, but the example of his loyal, unselfish life and the shining ·delight of his humour will be with me to the end. S. L. 0LLARD.

UT FAMA EST Mr. W. E. Alderson is to be congratulated on proceeding to the degrees of B.M. and B.Ch. He has been appointed House Surgeon at King's College Hospital. The Rev. G. H. Aldis was home on leave from China this year. He has since returned to his work with the China Inland Mission and is at Chungking. Mr. W. W. J. Bolland is to be congratulated on his and his wife's narrow escape when their flat was destroyed by a bomb during one of the air-raids on London. Mr. W. V. Brelsford has prepared an admirable descriptive handbook of the interesting anthropological collections in the David Livingstone Museum at Livingstone, N. Rhodesia. Mr. K. Brooksbank is to be congratulated on proceeding to the degree of Master of Education at the University of Manchester. The Rev. C. E. Burkitt has been appointed Rector of Thurles.t one, near Salcombe, Devon.

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Mr. E. J. R. Burrough has been Âˇappointed Assistant Secretary of the London Hospital. The Rev. M. J . D. Carmichael has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Aidan's, Leeds. Mr. E. M. Carpenter is on the staff of Frosted Foods Ltd., and is reserved for Government work in connexion with food preservation. The Rev. T. J. Childs has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at the parish church, Yeovil. The Rev. R. G. Cornwell has been appointed Vicar of Pleshey, Chelmsford. The Rev. N. E. G. Cruttwell has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Michael's, Basingstoke. The Rev. Canon P. Cunningham has resigned the rectory of Compton, near 'i\Tinchester, and is now living in Winchester. The Rev. A. R. Duncan-Jones has been appointed on ordination _to a curacy at the church of St. Mary the Virgin, Bolsover. The Rev. H. G. Eggleton has been appointed Vicar of Torpenhow, Cumbedand. Mr. G. K. B. Evens has been appointed an assistant master .at Hampton Grammar School, Middlese.x . . The Rev. F. M. A. Farrer has been appointed to a curacy at Kirkby Stephen, Westmorland. The Rev. E. H. T. Godwin has been appointed Rector of Petworth, Sussex. The Rev. G. Green has been appointed Vicar of Langley Marish, Slough, Bucks. The Rev. J. H. D. Grinter, Vicar of Wellington, Somerset, has been appointed Rural Dean of Wellington. The Rev. S. A. R. Guest has accepted a curacy at St. Luke's, Manningham, Bradford . In August he acted as chaplain on a liner evacuating 350 children to Canada. The Rev. J.P. Gutch is leaving England for Pekin, where he is to study Chinese in preparation for taking up missionary work in China. Mr. E. C. R. H adfield is a member of the River Service of the London Auxiliary Fire Service. The Rev. T. P. Hamerton has been appointed to a curacy at Southbourne-on-Sea, Hants. The Rev. E.W. Harrison has been appointed on ordination tq a curacy at St. Bartholomew's, Roby, Lanes. The Rev. D. E. Havergal has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. John the Baptist, Peterborough. .

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Dr. C. R. Hiscocks has been appointed an assistant master at Marlborough College. The Rev. T. K. Hoey has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Mary of Eton (the Eton College Mission), Hackney Wick. The Rev. H. L. Hustwayte has been appointed Rector of Atherington, Umberleigh, N. Devon. The Rev. H. C. Irving has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at Friston with Snape, Suffolk. The Rev. W. A. W. Jarvis has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Oswald's, Guiseley, Yorks. Professor G. Wilson Knight, being unable to obtain a passage to return in time for the new academical year at Trinity College, Toronto, is spending a year in England. He is to be congratulated on the publication of his admirable tract for the times, This Sceptred Isle. The Rev. F. A. J. Lamb has been appointed Rector of J ulianstown, Drogheda, Eire. Mr. J. N. W. Leech visited Oxford as Judge's Marshal on the o'c casion of the Assi~es in Michaelmas Term. Prince L. Lieven is engaged on war work for the B.B.C. Mr. D. J. A. Lobb has been appointed to the Southern Rhodesian Educational Service and has joined the staff of Chaplin High School, Gwelo. The Rev. J. Lyth has been appointed on ordination to a curacy at the parish church, Skegness. The Rev. T. J. Morris has been appointed to a curacy at St. Cybil, Holyhead. The Rev. R. R. Nattrass has been in Oxford for part of the year in charge of the parish of St. Mary and St. John during the absence of the vicar on military service. He has since gone to St. Barnabas, Tunbridge \Velis. The Rev. E. D. Neal was appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Mary's, Davyhulme, Manchester. He has since, with the permission of his bishop, joined the R.A.F. as an Aircraftsman . The Rev . C. R . Oilier has been appointed to a curacy at the parish church, Stoke -on-Trent. Mr. D. V. Orton has been seconded from his appointment at the University of Reading to act as a District Officer under the Huntingdonshire War Agricultural Executive Committee. Mr. J. Park has been appointed as assistant master at Whit~ift Middle School, Croydon , . . .,

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Mr. J. L. Pinniger is to be congratulated on proceeding to the degrees of B.M. and B.Ch. He has been appointed Medical Superintendent's Deputy ;:lt St. Thomas' Hospital. Mr. E. G. Price was among the Englishmen holding important posts in Ja pan who were arrested by the Japanese Government during the summer on a charge of espionage. He was among the first of them to be released. The Rev. P. G. Reddick has been appointed Vicar of D ownend, near Bristol. The Rev. F. D. M. Richards has been appointed Vicar of Holy Cross, Crediton. l\:Ir. J. G. Rideout has been appointed Instructor of English at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island . The Rev. E. M. Roberts has been appointed Chaplain of St. Michael's College, Llandaff. Mr. I. L. Serraillier has been appointed an assistant master at the Grammar School, Dudley. The Rev. F. A. Smalley has returned after many years missionary service in China, where he was Principal of the C.M.S. College, W. China Union University, Chengtu, Szechwan, and, after spending some months in Oxford in charge of St. Peter le Bailey and as Honorary Chaplain of St. Peter's Hall, has been appointed Principal of St. Michael's College, Limpsfield, Surrey. Mr. J. McG. Sowerby has been elected to a graduateship of the Institute of Electrical Engineers and has been appointed to a war research post in the Chemical Research Dept. of the Ministry of Supply. The Rev. J. B. Squire was appointed on ordination to a curacy at St. Martin's, Know le, Bristol. At the end of the year he went to serve in the parish of St. John the Baptist, Bathwick, Bath. Mr. E. F. A. Suttle has been appointed an assistant housemaster at Christ's Hospital. Mr. J. W. L. Symes has been appointed an assistant master at Clacton County High School. Mr. J. L. Tadman has been home on leave from Mauritius, and has since been posted to the Audit Office, Lagos, Nigeria. The Rev. R. J. Vaughan has been appointed curate-in-charge of Christ Church, Harlington. The Rev. H. H. Vickers is in charge of the parish of Kirkby lreleth, Lanes., during the absence of the vicar on military service. The Rev. J. G. Weatherston has been appointed priest-in-charge of the

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE The Very Rev. E. R. Welles, Dean of Albany, has been appointed Rector of Christ Church, Alexandria, Virginia, the parish church cf George Washington and General Robert E. Lee. Mr. P. Witherington has been appointed an assistant master at the Grammar School, Wallasey, but is at present engaged on . Government work as an analytical chemist in the Chemical Inspection Dept. of a factory for the Ministry of Supply. Mr. F. B. vVood has been appointed S ecretary to the C.M.S. Hospital, Hangchow, China. BIRTHS.

Mr. J, B. Allan: a son, Richard, born in August. The Rev. J . W. Blair: a daughter, Elizabeth Ruth Maberly, born on July 14, 1939. Mr. J. A. Brett: a daughter, Anne, born in October. Capt. A. C. Hordern: a son, Hugh Calveley, born on July 8. The Rev. E. L. Phillips: a daughter, Frances Mary Clare, born on December 10. Mr. A. W. U. Roberts: a son, born on January 7. The Rev. A. E. Smith: twin sons, Eric Peter and Christopher John, born on August 31. Mr. J. C. Toland: a son, Michael Shane, born on May 24. MARRIAGES.

Dr. W. E. Alderson was married on November ro at Newport, Shropshire, to Miss Kathleen Ward. The Rev. Canon D. Armytage was married on June I I at St. Andrew's Church, Chippenham, to Pleasaunce Elizabeth Hope, daughter of Mrs. H. B. Napier. Grenadier P. C. Birkinshaw was married by the Rev. A. M. Farrer on November 9 at St. Peter's-in-the-East, Oxford, to Eileen S., daughter of Mrs. Clarke. The Rev. G. T. Brett was married on January 2 to Miss Betty Gadsby at St. John's, Meads, Eastbourne. Mr. G. S. Cansdale was married on September 7 at All Souls' Church, Langham Place, W.1, to Miss Sheila Williamson, of Burley, Hants. Sub-Lieut. A. R. Clark, R.N.V.R., was married on November 30 at the parish church, Newton Ferrers, Devon, to Miss Phyllis M. Calderwood. Mr. H. G. Dawber was married on August 27 at St. Clement's Church, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, to Kathleen, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. F. Garner.

ST. EDMUND HALL ::WAGAZINE

Mr. J. 0. Donnison was married on December 21 at .St. Peter's, Bournemouth, to Doreen Guyon, daughter of Mrs. P. Purchas, of Jamaica, B.W.I. Mr. R. D. English was married on November 15 in Birmingham to Miss Marian J. Parsons. The Rev. W. G. Fallows was married on September 3 at Styve~ chale Parish Church to Miss Edna Mary Blakeman. Mr. G. H. Franey was married on November 2 at St. Peter'sin-the-East, Oxford, to Miss Doreen Booth. Captain C. J. Hayes was married on January 20 to Miss Joan McCarthy Fitt, of Fishguard, Pembs. 2nd Lieut. J. W. Hurford was married on December 17 at St. Peter's-in-the-East, Oxford, to Miss May Wixey, B.A. (Somerville). Mr. M. F. J errom was married on July 27 to Irene Edith, eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. H . Fry, of Westcliff-on-Sea. Mr. G. S. Keen was married on June 15 at the parish church, Castle Gresley, Burton-on-Trent, to Frances Magent, daughter of the Rev. E. F. F. and Mrs. D espard. 2nd Lieut. J. F. Lavender was married on December 21 at St. Michael's Northgate, Oxford, to Miss Muriel Marguerite Olive. Mr. J. C. W. Ludlow was married on January I I at St. John's Church, Kenilworth, to Miss Dorothy Cedrica French. Captain A. H. Mead was married on December 18 to Miss Pauline Margaret Warren. Mr. J. Park was married on April 12 at Edmonton to Miss Grace Underwood. The Rev. A. C . Parr was married on September 24 in Salisbury Cathedral to Miss Evelyn Tarbat. The Rev. H. H. E . Peacock was married on April 6 in the Crypt Chapel of St. John':s College, Johannesburg, to Miss Helen Joan Pringle Wood. Mr. B. A. Rogers was married on May I I at V\Tindsor to Miss Dora Maller, B.A. (St. Hilda's). Mr. P . .H. Rogers was married on J anuary 1 in Belfast to Miss Annie Mary Stuart Morwood, B.A. (L.M.H.). Âˇ Mr. F. R. Rawes was married on July 20 at Oswestry Parish Church to Joyce, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. M. Hundley. 2nd Lieut. A. K. Sharp was married on October I I in London to Daphne Gladys Mary, only daughter of Lieut.-Col. W. Colsey Millward, D.S.O., and Mrs. Millward. Mr. E. Urry was married on March 25 at St. Lawrence's, Frodingham, to Miss Olga Mary Jones.

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Mr. Vl. vVallace was married on August 2I to Miss Sheila Agnes Hopper at St. Columba's Church of Scotland, Pont Street, London. Mr. G. H. W. White was married on December 23, I939> to Miss Mary Agnes Youngmark in Holy Trinity Church, Berkswick, Staffs., by the vicar, the Rev. R. N. Lawson , himself an Aularian. The Rev. J. C. Yates was married on June II -ia.t St. John's Church, Donisthorpe, near Burton-on-Trent, to Mary Fowler, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Curtois, of The Grange, Donisthorpe. Mr. P. Young was married on June I at Sao Paulo, Brazil, to Miss Eleanor May Hampton. PUBLICATIONS.

Jules Verne. By Kenneth Allott. Cresset Press, I940. pp. 283. I5s. Handbo ok of the David Livingstone Memorial Museum. By W. V. Brelsford. Government Printer, Lusaka. pp. I69. A French Course for To-day. By K. G. Brooks and H. F. Cook. J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd. Part I, I938, IS. 9d.; Part 2, I939> 2s.; Part 3, I940, 2s. 6d. The Young Collector's Handbook. By E. C. R. Hadfield and C. H. Ellis. Oxford University Press, I940. 8vo, pp. 278. 4s. 6d. This Sceptred Isle. Shakespeare 's Message for England at War. By Professor G. Wilson Knight. Basil Blackwell, I940Âˇ pp. 35. IS. net. Received with Thanks of P. F. Tindall, M. E. Atlay, Frank Wes ton, R ichard Wilson, H. F . B. Mackay, H. A. Pollock. By the Rev. H. A. Wilson. A. R . Mowbray & Co. Ltd., I940. 8vo, pp. I89. 7s. 6d. Jigsaw. By the Rev. H. A. Wilson. A. R. Mowbray & Co . Ltd., Ig40. 8vo, pp. I83. 3s. 6d.

We have gathered the following particulars concerning those Aularia ;~ who have gone down since the last issue of the Magazine, excluding those who have entered on military service: Mr. D. W. Allen has been appointed as an assistant master at H a ileybury College. Mr. J. Hardyman is at Mansfield College. Mr. M. M. Rennell is at Wycliffe Hall. Mr. M. R. Larson has been at St. Augustine's Colleg~\ Canterbury, prior to his returning to South Africa for ordination. Mr. A. J. Lee is at Wycliffe Hall. Mr. N. E. McCurry is at Chichester Theological College.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE Mr. E. G. 'H. Turner is at Cuddesdon College. Mr. B. J. Wigan is at Cuddesdon College.

During the year the following Aularians have been ordained: Deacons.-M. J. D. Carmichael (Ripon); T. J. Childs (Bath and Wells); N. E. G. Cruttwell (Winchester); A. R. Duncan-Jones (Derby); J. H. Edinger (Aberdeen and Orkney); E. W. Harrison (Liverpool); D. E. Havergal (Peterborough); T . K. Hoey (London); H. C. Irving (St. Edmundsbury and Ipswich); W. A. W. Jarvis {Bradford); J. Lyth (Lincoln); T. J. Morris (Bangor); E. D. Neal {Manchester); R. L. Sharp (Salisbury); J. B. Squire (Bristol). Priests.-Rev. R. Bagnall (St. Alban's); Rev. H. A. Blair (Salisbury); Rev. J. D. Carr (Canterbury); Rev. P. A. H. Farrant (Lichfield); Rev. R. C. Hastie Smith (Carlisle); Rev. J. L. Mortimer (Guildford); Rev. K. R. Prebble (Chichester); Rev. V. M. Spencer Ellis (St. Asaph); Rev. J.B. Squire (Bristol); Rev. J.C . Stephenson (Oxford); Rev. E. C. Whitaker (Carlisle). The following Aularians from abroad have visited the Hall during the course of the year : - Mr. G. S. Cansdale (Gold Coast), Mr. G. E. Janson-Smith (Suda n), Professor G. Wilson Knight (Canada), Rev. A. C . Parr (Strait Settlements).

THE ENDOWMENT APPEAL

OTWITH STANDING the war, the Endowment Fund continues to grow encouragingly . I record here the best thanks of the Hall to all those who have contributed or have recontributed to the Fund during the course of the year. By their support during these difficult times they ensure that a head of steam is maintained so that when peace returns we may the more readily resume our Appeal with undiminished vigour. A.B.E. s. £ Total brought forwa rd 2101 6 *tMr. J. C. Adamson (£3) l 0 *tMrs. T. K. Allen (£9 9s.) l *tRev. Canon D. Armytage (£47 2s.) ... 5 5 tRev. L. C. Baber (£5 9s.) ... 6 tMr. H. Bagnall (£4) ... 2 o *Rt. Rev. the Bishop of Bermuda (£12 12s.) 2 2 ·*Lt.-Col. A. B. Blaxland (£4 4s.) 2 2 ·*Mr. G. R. Brewis (£roo) ... 50 o tRev. W. L. Bunce (£4 ros.) . .. ro

d. lO

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. 36

.ST. EDMlJND HALL MAGAZINE

tRev. T. J. Childs (£15) * tRev. H. Cloke (£3 3s.) Mr. G. J.P . Courtney .. . * tRev. H. M. Crabbe (£4 r4s. 6d.) •*tMr . D. K. Daniels (£8 8s.) ... tMr. H.J. T . Day (£20) * t Rt. Rev. the Bishop of Dorchester (£40) *Rev. H . G. Eggleton (£4) * tMr. A. E. Ellis (£4 4s. ) *Rev. F. M.A. Farrer (£5 5s.) *tMr. H . N. ffarington (£22 ) ... !Rev. R. F . W. Fletcher (£14) - tMr. B. M. Forrest (£4 ros.) ... *tMr. G. H. Franey (£14 r4s.) *tDr. P. T. Freeman (£9 9s.) .. . *Rev. T. W . Gilbert (£3 2s.) .. . !Rev. H. S. Glover (£r r4s.) ... *Rev. M. D. Grieve (£4 4s.) ... tRev. R. A. H adenfeldt (£7 ros.) tRev. T. P. Hamerton (£6 6s.) Rev. S . W. H a rrison ... *Rev. R. H. Hawkins (£2 rs.) *tDr. C. R. Hiscocks (£3 ros.) Rev. R. F. Holme tMr. A. G. Hopewell (£r) *tRev. S. A. Howard (£40) tMr. C. C. Hug hes (£3) * tMr. H. C. Ingle (£245) Mr . G. E. Janson Smith *Mr. and Mrs . W. G. Jarvis (£ro) *tRev . J. L. Jenkins (£25 ros.) *Rev. Dr. A. C. Keene (£17 r7s.)" tMr. A. P. Kingsley (£3) *Rev. the Vice-Principal (£60) *tMr. E . C. Lamb (£8) ... *tRev. H. Livesey (£12 2s.) ... *tRev. G. H. D. Lovell (£3) ... tRev. R. J. Lowe (£r rrs. 6d.) *tMr. J.C. W . Ludlow (£5 ros.) Tli\!!! late Captain J. Lyall (£8) In memory of Captain J. Lyall: £ . s. d. Mrs. Freda Lyall ... 50 0 0 IO 0 Mrs. Awde ... Mr. James Blumer ... 2 2 0 Mrs. D ent ... I 0 0 Mrs . Horsley I 0 0 Mrs , J. Jorgensen ... 2 0 0 Miss Dorothy Mears I 0 0 Mrs. and Miss Pickford l 0 0 *tRev. LI. R. McDermid (£7) ... tRt. Hon. Lord Meston, K.C.S.I. (£4 l9s.) *tMr. V. W. Miles (£7) ...

12 15 5 0

2 2 2 0 8 18 I 10 2 2

0 0 6 0 0 I 0 10 6 19 6

10 0

5 I

0 0

0 IO

0 0

5 0 0 10 0 0 5 5 0 I

30 0 0 l

58 12

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15 6 0

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE tRev. A;. McL. Murray (£4) *tRev. K. C. Oliver (£4) *tMr. P. C. Palmer (£3) Mr. J. L. Pinniger *Rev. R. C. Poston (17s. 6d.) ... tMr. H.K. Pusey (£3 3s.) tMr. W . V. Reynolds (£4 ros.) *tMr. A. M. U. Roberts (£2 ros.) *tMr. P. ]. Sandison (£14) tRev. G. F. Seaver (£6) *Mr. B. Seton (£8 8s.) *tRev. C. C. Shaw (£4 2s.) Mr. H. C. Shearman .. . *tMr. R. Sim (£515) .. . · *M r. J.C. Toland (£11 rrs.) *Rev. A. C. Tott (£10) .. . *tMr. C. D. Walker (£8) Mr. R. E. Walker tMr. A. T. de B. Wilmot (£5) *tMr. D. H. A. Wright (£3 IAS . 6d.) ... Mr. A. ]. Young Miscellaneous Receipts Interest on Deposit

37 0

0 0

5 35 I

14 8 4 I

£z,448

3 8

*Denotes prev ious s;_,bscriber to Endowment and Extension Fund, 1932-38. t Denotes subscription by Banker's Order. +Denotes subscription under Deed of Covenant.

FORESTRY CAMP URING Trinity Term undergraduates, with no immediate prospects of military service, were advised to undertake some work of national importance during the Long Vacation. While some set about making hay and bringing in the harvest, others preferred the more romantic-sounding work of forestry, and doubtless formed rosy pictures of themselves as budding lumberjae1ks. Th.e Principal, with the help of Mr. G . Sanzen-Baker, of thl Imperial Forestry Institute, got together a small committee and organised five forestry camps in different parts of the country on behalf of the Forestry Commission. Throughout the summer much of the staff work behind the scenes fell to him, for he was in charge of the Oxford end of the orga nisation. He was responsible not only for arranging the camps but a lso for allotting the numbers, seeing to the supplying of equipment, and generally dealing with all the pre~ liminary arrangements . As far as it was conveniently possible, members from the same college were assigned to the same camp .

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With all due deference to other colleges, the camp :'!t Dulverton might well be called the Hall camp. At any rate, this is true of the first few weeks, when the majority of the workers were Aularians. The running of the camp was also in the hands of the Hall. For the first week Mr. G. D. Ramsay held the self-explanatory position of Camp Chief, after which the Vice-Principal took over from him. Other camp officials included W. P. Smith, who was Deputy Camp Chief, and E. G. H. Turner, who held the responsible post of Quartermaster-a post which seemed to embrace every conceivable function from the administration of first aid to dealing with the local tradespeople and trying to obtain extra rations of chocolate. The Camp Committee was responsible for the internal organisation. This committee included the above ex-officio members and others elected democratically each fortnight according to the numbers from each college present. Cooking was also done by the Hall staff, with the Buttery man officiating for the first three weeks, after which the Manciple arrived to take charge of the pots and pans. At some of the other camps this work was done by female members of the University, and although we envied them this added attraction, we feel confident that as regards the actual cooking we were probably far better off. So far this gives the impression that the camp was there all ready for our occupation and makes no mention of the labours of the Advance Guard. These pioneers left Oxford on the Friday and Saturday of the last week of term and proceeded to Dulverton by various means. The very energetic cycled with their equipment tied on all available parts of their machines and their anatomy ; the not so energetic hitch-hiked, and the lazy went by train. This small party, all Aularians, had the arduous job of putting up the tents and struggling with the large marquee. This presented rather a problem at first, as no one knew the correct method of dealing with it. However, it was at last successfully erected and, what is more, remained standing throughout the camp. The camp proper started on the Monday after the et'1d of term, and for the first two weeks the campers numbered about thirty, which was probably the best number for the maintenance of efficiency and the pleasant spirit of comradeship. After this there was a sudden jump overnight to more than sixty. This influx seemed likely to cause an acute problem of overcrowding, but luckily additional tents were secured: even so, there was rather a strain on the cooking and on service at meals until things settled down. Other colleges represented at the camp included Pembroke, Keble, Queen's, St. Catherine's and also some members of Cambridge University .

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The daily programme varied a good deal according to the plan of work and the weather, but the broad outlines remained the same. We were called by the Quartermaster and the unfortunate orderlies at 6.15 a.m., and all but the very hearty immediately went to sleep again. The hearty religiously became early morning dippers and apparently revelled in splashing merrily in the icy waters of the River Barie. The Camp Chief and K. B. Hallowes were unfailing participants in this austere discipline. The remainder of us arose hurriedly at 6. 58 and dashed frantically into breakfast at 7 .o. After we had collected the necessary implements for the day's work from the stores tent, we set off for work at 7.45. Work started officially at 8.o and we carried on till the break at 12.0, when we consumed the lunch we had brought with us . We recommenced work at l .O and knocked off for the day at 4.0. Back in camp, after a hasty cup of tea, we tried to wash in the river, but it was a difficult operation, and it seemed as if we were destined to be coated in resin for life. However, we soon learnt that rubbing with sand and fine gravel would facilitate its removal-at the expense of most of our skin as well. Supper, which was the main meal of the day, followed at 5.30, after which we were left to our own devices until g o'clock, when cocoa and biscuits were provided. The latter were only obtainable by the early arrivals. Dulverton village was only two miles away, and the track to it across the fields formed a regular evening's walk for some, while the Caernarvon Arms attracted a good many of us who either couldn't or wouldn't go further afield. Lights out was at 10.30. As regards the actual work, we were at first in the hands of Mr. Rambaut, who was appointed by the Forestry Commission to act as supervisor. He was assisted by Parker, the foreman, and there were one or two professionals in charge of the horse and the lorry. As a general rule, we were broadly divided into two groups - the experts who swiftly graduated to the Sitka spruce, where they worked relentlessly through row after row ; and secondly the ' learners,' who hacked away just as merrily but with less skill in the poorer Douglas fir plantations. After a few days' felling it was possible to start cross-cutting the roughly trimmed trunks into various pit-prop lengths. The Sitka was all drawn down by horse to the King Oak, where there was a gang of sawing experts, but the Douglas was sawn up ' in situ ' and the pit-props stacked in convenient places. Other jobs that arose included clearing away the loose waste and tops and stacking them into heaps for burning. This latter proved rather a tricky job and was very dependent on

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

the weather. There were also gangs engaged on st(\i,:king the finished pit-props. Nor must we forget those responsible for looking after the horse and ensuring that a constant supply of trunks was maintained at the sawing base by the road. Also whenever orders came through from Head Office, small gangs were told off to labour feverishly, often overtime, at loading enormous railway trucks with the finished pit-props. Those who were allowed to join the select band of Sitka fellers justly claimed themselves to be the most proficient woodsmen and at times must have regretted the fact that they were not being paid at the professional's piece-work rate of sixpence a tree. As it -was, the different wages paid to men of different ages were pooled, and we all received a fixed amount. It was a very pleasant feeling standing in the pay queue on Saturday mornings. True, we were immediately forced to surrender a guinea for camp expenses, but the fact remained that we had actually held a whole week's earnings, if only for two minutes. There are some other impressions of the camp that are worthy of record. First, there was the dismal period when the rains came. This may sound rather tropical, but the rain was at times almost of tropical intensity and quickly transformed the camp and the hillside where we worked into a seething quagmire of mud which rendered life extremely unpleasant. Then there were the horseflies which plagued us without mercy until we had gained a certain degree of immunity from their close attentions. We must not forget the problem of the cows (or bullocks?) in the field where we camped. They finally caused us to erect a palisade around the camp in order to protect us from their wanderings. Then again there was the whole business of camouflaging the camp and how numerous attempts to do this in various ways failed, before we eventually blossomed forth in all our glory with brown and green zigzag. stripes. As regards recreation, the two evening cricket matches against Dulverton take pride of place. Both, unfortunately, were lost, but not without a stern struggle and a certain amount of infringement of the rules. In the first, the only three members of the team who played cricket regularly in term-time distinguished themselves by scoring but five runs between them. However, the tail wagged vigorously, and we hold pleasant memories of C. B. Simpson's aweinspiring strokes and R. A. Bishop's yellow sweater and striking headgear, which completely dazzled the opposition. Also there was A. F. Macdonald 's brilliant display of somnolent fielding among the sheep in the outfield.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

These matches, together with the concert we put on for the evacuees, formed the limit of our public activities. In this latter much latent Aularian talent was unearthed. In conclusion, we may say that despite one or two hardships and inconveniences the camp was much enjoyed. The whole atmosphere of the place, the fine wooded scenery, the local dialect and the cheapness of the cider all contributed to making it a grand experience and one which, if at the actual time was occasionally a littleÂˇ irksome, is nevertheless highly enjoyable in retrospect. Our thanks. are due to many people for its success, but principally to the Camp Chief, who not only had the task of running the camp but eventu-ally took over the post of Work Supervisor as well and proved himself most efficient in this dual capacity. H. L. H. WHEELER.

THE DEATH OF ST. EDMUND OF ABINGDON 16 NOVEMBER, 1240. HERE stood amidst cornfields on the outskirts of the village of Soisy a small priory of Ganons Regular, a daughter house of the Abbey of St. James in Provins, seven mile~ away. A mere fragment of the priory buildings survives to-day incorporated in a pilgrimage church that has since been erected on the site. In this remote monastic retreat St. Edmund of Abingdon, Archbishop of Canterbury, died in the early hours of Friday, 16 November, seven. hundred years ago. St. Edmund was the third Archbishop of Canterbury within living memory who had had to seek refuge in France. When in l 164Thomas Becket decided to place the Channel between him and the mounting anger of King Henry II, he sought the hospitality of the great Cistercian abbey of Pontigny. vVhen Stephen Langton on his appointment by the Pope to the archbishopric was forbidden to enter England by King John, he made for six years Pontigny his headquarters. St .. Edmund had hardly entered upon his arduous. . duties as Archbishop before he had to take a lead in resisting King Henry III in his irresponsible conduct of affairs. By the autumn of 1240, after six contentious years of office, St. Edmund felt no longer able to withstand the King effectually in his per~istent disregard of the liberties of the Church of England. This position had been made the more intolerable, as the King had used the presence of a papal legate in England to embarrass.him in the exercise of his.

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archiepiscopal authority. When, therefore, St. Edmund decided to leave the country rather than to remain longer and see his authority overridden, the example of St. Thomas of Canterbury directed his steps to Pontigny. The exact date and place of his departure are not recorded, but Matthew Paris describes him as secretly taking ship from Thanet accompanied by a few members of his household. He is pictured on board his ship looking back with tears in his eyes at the receding English coast-line, as he knew for certain that h!'! would never return and could foresee the troubles which misrule was soon to bring upon his countrymen. On his way to Pontigny he was met at Senlis by Queen Blanche of Castille, mother of St. Louis IX, who had hastened there with her sons to do him honour. At the end of a long interview she asked his blessing of her sons and implored him to join her in constant prayer for the welfare of the realm of France and its King. When he reached his destination, he was joyfully welcomed within their walls by the Abbot and the 'whole community of Pontigny and was conducted to the guest-house which St. Thomas of Canterbury had occupied during his residence. Not only the monks but the country-folk of the neighbourhood quickly recognised that the distinguished prelate who had taken up his abode as a refugee among them was a man of rare saintliness of character. Day by day he applied himself unremittingly, it was noted, 'to prayer, contemplation, hearing confessions, preaching and other devout works.' His austerity of life was remarked upon by the monks as far exceedi ng the severe standard laid down by the Cistercian rule. In response to his urgent request he was admitted to membership of the community but was exempted from the necessity of wearing a monk's habit. A sermon that he preached in the abbey has been preserved: and it has been asserted that Speculum Ecclesie, * a little treatise on the Christian way of life which greatly influenced later mystical writers, was completed, if not entirely composed, by him at Pontigny and dedicated to the monks there. But St. Edmund had not been long there before he fell seriously Âˇm of dysentery. He was known already to have been suffering from this complaint at the time of his leaving England. Although autumn ' was by now far advanc~d, a late spell of hot weather occurred and

*See W. Wallace, St. Edmund of Canterbury, p. 352. It needs to be ascertained whether, in Âˇ fact, the record of ded ication to the monks of Pontigny only appears in late MSS. of the Speculum. There is reason to believe that the French text of this treatise furnishes the earliest extant version of it and that the existing Lati'n text is a translation made late in the 14th century. See L e Merure de .S einte Eglise, edited by H . W. Robbins.

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added acutely to his discomfort. In summer heat the sheltered valley of the Sereln, on the banks of which the Abbey of Pontigny stands, can be most oppressive. His doctors strongly urged that he should move to a more bracing locality. Accordingly it was decided that he should go to the little priory of Soisy, standing in open country to the north of the valley of the Seine, a journey of rather more than fifty miles. But he was himself under no doubt that he had not much longer to live. When the monks of Pontigny expressed their grief at his departure, he consoled them with a promise that he would return to them on the feast of St. Edmund, King and Martyr, which was his birthday, knowing in his heart that when next he was brought to Pontigny it would be for his burial. And so it happened. The removal to Soisy did not bring the improvement hoped for. Conscious that he was growing dangerously weaker, St. Edmund requested that the last sacrament should . be administered to him. He received it with the most fervent devotion, his face lighting up with a radiance which deeply impressed those who were in attendance on him. Strengthened for his journey by this spiritual refreshment, he cheerfully remarked, in the words of an English proverb : ' Men seth gamen gooth on wombe: ac ich segge gamen gooth on herte '-men say the stomach is the seat of pleasure; I say it is the heart. With characteristic asceticism he refused to partake of some stewed quinces specially brought him by the Abbot of St. James', Provins, and remarked, as he set the dish aside: 'It is many years now since I ate anything that gratified my taste.' Some members of his household who shared his exile grew anxious for their future, as they saw their master nearing his end. Being made aware of their anxiety, St. Edmund directed that ink, pen and parchment should be brought him and wrote a moving letter of commendation on their behalf to his old friend William de Raleigh, then Bishop of Norwich. This letter was written on November 14, two days before his death. In the interval he made his final dispositions. After he had received the sacrament of extreme unction, he asked that a crucifix might be brought to him. As he pressed the figure on it to his lips, he repeated the words of Isaiah: . ' Haurietis aquam in gaudio de fontibus salvatoris '-words that form the inscription upon the top of the well-head in our quadrangle. The events of the last few days of his life are recorded in affectionate details by men who witnessed them. Three of the extant lives of St. Edmund are attributed to his .brother Robert, to Eustace, monk of Christ Church, Canterbury, his chaplain, and to Bertrand;

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE his chamberlain, afterwards Prior of Pontigny, all three of whom accompanied him abroad. When his doctor noted how feeble his pulse had grown, he remarked confidently: 'Never mind that, for I am prepared like a man girded for a journey.' As he drew nearer to death, his thoughts turned to the monks of Christ Church, Canterbury, whose rebelliousness towards him had caused him so much worry. He expressed his forgiveness of them and removed the ban of excommunication under which he had placed them. Too feeble any longer to continu~ his practice of giving alms in person to the poor, he requested Bertrand, his chamberlain, to distribute pence among such needy pilgrims as might call at the priory gates. Mindful of the ties which now bound him to Pontigny" he gave directions that his body should be taken there for burial. It had been his custom since he was a young man to wear a shirt of hair next to his skin. Not wanting this austerity on his part to be generally known, he removed the hair shirt that he was wearing and handed it, so we are told, Âˇ to his chamberlain, to burn: but when Bertrand's and his own efforts to burn it proved in vain, he ordered it to be given to his brother. He bequeathed to his two sisters, nuns of Catesby Priory, Northamptonshire, his grey cloak of camelot cloth with a cape of lamb's wool, and a little silver triptych on which were engraved representations of our Lady with the Infant Jesus on her lap, the Crucifixion, and the Martyrdom of St. Thomas of Canterbury. These two mementoes of him were long preserved at Catesby as precious relics. And, finally, he gave his drinking cup to his devoted friend and chancellor, Richard de la Wych, subsequently Bishop of Chichester, who was destined, like his master, to be numbered with the Saints of the Church. Exhausted by these last efforts, he lay for some time in silence; and then, as midnight approached on the evening of November 15, he raised himself a little and asked what hour of the night it was. On being told that it was about twelve o'clock, he lay back again . Later he again asked the hour, to be told that it was just before dawn. And when a third time he asked the question, he was informed that dawn was breaking. 'I commend you to God,' he was heard to say, and then: 'Into thy hands, 0 Lord, I commend my spirit.' With these words on his lips, he died. On the following day, November 17, the servants who had been in the Archbishop's employ were given the letters which had been written by him on their behalf and duly sealed by his Chancellor. Sadly they took their departure for England, leaving the clerks

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of his household to follow his body to its burial at Pontigny. St. Richard, his Chancellor, then called the clerks together, and, as was customary , broke the archiepiscopal seal in their presence, so that no more letters or documents could be sealed with it. In preparation for the journey to Pontigny the viscera were removed from his body and confided to the care of the Abbot of St. James, by whom they were given honoured burial at Provins. The body, arrayed in pontifical vestments, was then borne on the first stage of its translation, and that night rested at Traisnel. His clerks seem to have been amazed at the great concourse of people who gathered to witness the procession; and it is recorded that ' when the Abbot of Pontigny, coming to meet it, saw the marvellous devotion of the people and their unrestrained veneration,' he forced h_is way throug h the crowd a nd, standing beside the bier, said: 'Good Father, a s you are a brother of the community of Pontigny , it is your duty to obey me . I request you, therefore, to do no further miracle , before you arrive at your resting-place.' ' For he was fearful,' so the writer goes on to say, 'lest the body should be taken from him or part of the pontifical vestments torn away.' For greater safety, therefore, 'he sealed the bier with his own seal in the presence of him who writes these things and of many others.' The same eye-witness has left a vivid description of the course of this remarkable cortege. On the following day, November 18, a halt was made at Villeneuve l' Archeveque, on the banks of the Vanne. The monks a nd clergy who had charge of the bier found themselves powerless to resist the pressure of the great crowds. The bier was wrested from the hands of the abbots and others who were carrying it and taken off into the parish church and placed on the high altar. There the populace struggled to get to it so that they might kiss or touch it with their hands. Eventually men armed with clubs had to be employed to clear the.church. The journey was then resumed, the crowds still following, until Coulours was reached. There a halt for the night was made at a house of the Templars. On his way to Soisy St. Edmund had noticed this house and asked what it was. On being informed, he had said: 'On my return, I will spend a night there.' There are dark hints that the Templars of Coulours were minded to appropria te the archbishop's body for the honour and profit of their own house, but they were firmly assured that - St. Edmund had only expressed a desire to spend one night under their roof. When next morning the procession took the road once more, it was again thronged by swarms of people-' here might be seen

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lines of clerics chanting their psalms; there a crowd of monks, pale with fasting. Here were tillers of the soil from the fields and vineyards; there peasants from neighbouring villages, come joyfully to meet him.' In his account of this sequence of extraordinary demonstrations of mass emotion, the same writer notes that two of the clerks who. had been in the archbishop's household were at fir st disposed to regard these demonstrations as having been stimulated by the monks of Pontigny but were at length bound to admit that they could not be other than a spontaneous popular tribute to the sanctity of their late master. On November 20, the Feast of St. Edmund, King and Martyr, St. Edmund's body reached Pontigny. The Abbot and convent, as they received it and brought it to its resting-place within their great church, were minded of his promise to return to them on that day. During the next four days, while arrangements were being made for the funeral, crowds flocked in from the surrounding country, 'as are wont to come in on a market-day.' We cannot do better than turn to Matthew Paris for a description of the last scene. ' On the feast of St. Clement, that is November 23,' he writes, 'the body of our blessed and glorious father, Edmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, and Confessor, was buried in the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God, in the house of the Cistercian Order at Pontigny, in the presence of a large multitude of monks, clerks and noble laymen who attended. Great and distinguished men took part in the obsequies: bishops, abbots, priors, monks and magnates. A most devout service with music, lights, vestments and other accessories of divine worship was held. In which place, as wheresoever the sweet memo.ry of the saint is kept to the honour of God, clear and manifest miracles are worked, to the support and strengthening of the Christian faith.' In popular estimation the sainthood of Edmund of Abingdon was Âˇ already assured, even though five years were to pass before his formal canonization was proclaimed. A.B.E.

SOCIETIES 1940 THE ESSAY SOCIETY HILARY TERM, 1940

President-E. L. MooR. After opening proceedings in the usual way by passing a vote of censure on the President, the Society at its first meeting in January proceeded to fill in the gaps which still remained in the term's programme. Order being restored, the President called .upon N. G.

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Long to read his essay, 'Pan 40,' a discussion of modern music with particular reference to Neoclassicism, and illustrated with gramophone records. In spite of spasmodic interruptions by the President, who kept remembering various items of private business yet undealt with, the meeting and discussion proceeded in a fairly normal key and reached quite -a high note. On the evening of Sunday, February 4, R. Mcisaac read his essay, 'All the World.' His subject was the essence of dramÂˇa, which he held was the celebration of the individual in conflict. On February 4 H. M. K. Howson appeared in the essayist's chair with half his essay unwritten, a heinous crime which called - forth censure and an apology additional to the essayist's usual one that he does not know what he is talking about. Nevertheless, Howson discoursed eloquently on ' The Philosophy of Progress ' ; his idea was that the secret of the universe is infinite continuity, and progress going on by a process akin to digestion. In the discussion which followed, the Society was very concerned to know if we had progressed beyond the Greeks. During the week preceding the next gathering of the Society, 'magna it Fama per urbes.' Even at High Table was it whispered with bated breath that R. H. Witney in his essay to be given on February II would deliver an attack on the U.S.S.R. Faint-hearts were cowed, but the strong assembled at the appointed hour, pale but united. Quickly the President gave a report of an enquiry into the expenses of the Society; quickly the Society decided they were not extortionate. Then-away went high hopes! away went craven fears! Sighs of relief and disappointment were mingled. The only revolution to be discussed was that in modern architecture. So passed the 29oth meeting of the Society. At the next meeting J. P. S. Howe delivered his essay, 'Magic,' which included everything from the moon to Richelieu, werewolves to handmaids, sex to the devil, and the Society later added instincts and conditioned reflexes to the list. The following week brought an essay by P. M. Smith entitled ' Viewpoint,' on the subject of propaganda. Smith showed how every newspaper editor considers it inadvisable to let the public 'think what it damn well pleases,' and he traced the influence of the press in politics since I9I4. The final meeting of the term took place on Sunday, March 3. In private business it was decided that weekly meetings should be held during the following Trinity Term, and R. Mcisaac was elected President. Then E. G. H. Turner, an ex-President of the

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Society, took the chair while the President read his essay' Nightingale.' True to the noble traditions of a noble society, the President made no obvious connection between the title and the subject of his essay. He announced his subject was the rise and fall of Anthropomorphism and proceeded straight to the task of proving the whole c ivilised world to be in the grip of a mental dissociation. E.L.M. TRINITY TERM

President - P. D. STOBART. At the first meeting of the term K. A. Gourlay in his essay ' F ' r ead an essay, the first of a series which proved to be a strange hotch-potch of the scholastic and the practical. The essayist endeavoured to show that the Marxist conception should supersede the Romantic conception of literature, and a furious debate ensued. The next essay, by J. H. Vaillant, swept the Society into an even more rarified intellectual atmosphere with a learned exposition of Einstein's theories of space, time and matter: all save the essayist were completely bailed by his elucidation of these theories. At the following meeting J. F. G. Sootheran brought us literally back to earth in his essay ' 0 Fortunatos ' on farming in England; he suggested drastic reorganisation in favour of an expansion of dairy farming. In contrast to this essay on things material, the next essay, ' De Clericis,' by J. R. C. Webb, dealt with matters ecclesiastical and tried to show what should be the nature of the clergyman's work. We then moved from the Church to the cinema with C. Grayson's essay, 'Trailer,' in which he denounced the trashy sentimentalism which pandered to the lack of taste of the average film-goer, and hoped for the arrival of first-class films which would do more than merely ape the stage. F. D. Rushworth, in an essay with the fascinating title of ' The Green-eyed Monster,' dealt with Love and denounced the view that places woman on a pedestal: he wanted more business-like' affaires.' In his Presidential essay P. D. Stobart took the Society back to those heights of learning from which it had set out at the beginning of the term with a scholarly essay on Nietzsche. A party was held to celebrate the end of the academic year and to say ' au revoir ' to the President, who was joining up. J.R.C.W. MICHAELMAS TERM

President- J. R. C. WEBB. The essayists this term mainly eschewed the cloistered academic world for the great big facts of life; and the first essayist, B. B. Russell, was of this latter type, for in ' Sur des Vers de Virgile' he

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considered marriage from a sociological standpoint; he claimed that monogamy, which had always been upheld by the Christian Church, was supported by most sociologists and biologists, but members of the Society who apparently did not wish to be monogamous attacked this thesis with desperate fury. In the next essay 'Remarks,' ]. D. M. Bell endeavoured to bring Marxism up to date in accordance with the basic theory of Marx, who had declared that all things must change. From these grim realities A. W. Barnes's essay, ' Chaos is come again,' gave a certain amount of relief, for he dealt with modern art ; yet even here there was no escape from the outside world, for the essayist saw the cause of the present decadence of music in that lack of a stable background which forced the artist to try to escape into a world of his own. A. R. Lewis in '0 Brave Âˇ New World .' maintained that it was only by Christianity that the world could leave behind its present evils, but declared that it was unlikely that this would happen for some time. The next essay, 'De Rebus Naturae,' by G. M. Williams, dealt with hunting and cruelty to animals, the essayist maintaining as right, healthy and just the sporting instinct. The Society exploded into wrathful discussion and chased the Siamese triplets of cruelty to animals, vegetarianism, and pacifism in circles of ever-decreasing diameter until realisation of this and exhaustion simultaneously fell upon the meeting and the debate died as swiftly as it had arisen. R. T. Holtby in ' Post Bellum ' brought us back with a jolt to the present: no programme of class hatred or socialism could save us ; what we needed was that change of heart to a more just and humane attitude that only Christianity could bring. Bringing the Society back to a more academic subject, J. R. C. Webb in the presidential essay dealt with the four modern poets, Auden, Day Lewis, Spender and MacNeice. Finally the Society finished the term with a match against the Soccer Club in which it was defeated by an unrecorded number of goals, and a Christmas party at which refreshments, singing, and the playing of games were embraced with that zest for things material which had typified the term's essays. J.R.C.W. JOHN OLDHAM SOCIETY HILARY TERM, 1940

President- R. MclSAAC. Secretary-C. GRAYSON. This term was a most successful one from almost all points of view. With financial problems definitely settled, the Society could embark upon its programme with comparative equanimity, determined to enjoy it to the full; and, despite adverse ext@rnal circumstances, it can be said with truth that it certainly did.

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At the first meeting of term, a small gathering undertook the reading, of Ibsen 's 'A Doll's House,' and, despite apparent artificialities of translation ih the text, acquitted itself extremely well. As a complete contrast, the second meeting was the occasion of an invitation to the Westfield College Modern Poetry Society for a combined reading of Ian Hay's' Damsel in Distress,' an extremely amusing play, from which the company extracted the last ounce of hilarity. A week later, Maxwell Anderson's 'Winterset' was the subject of the meeting. American accents were abandoned by common consent, although perhaps more movement and local colour could have been gained by their employment. Even then, the grimness and tension of the situation were brought out extremely well by the spirited reading of H. V. James and E. Vil. Sudale. For the next week or two, the activities of the Society were considerably limited by the participation of many members in the Experimental Theatre Club production. Nevertheless, small meetings read Katager's 'Squaring the Circle' and Barrie's 'Dear Brutus' with comparative success. In the sixth week, Clemence Dane's 'Will Shakespeare' saw a larger gathering of members for a rather tedious play. Despite the author's ability in versification, the speeches seemed much too long for reading. It appeared quite fitting, by contrast, that the Society should end its meetings in a lighter vein with Noel Coward's ' To-night at 8.30,' three short plays in typical Coward style. Forewarned, members appreciated t?e rapid movement of the dialogue and interpreted it with extremely good results. C.G. TRINITY TERM

President-C . GRAYSON.

Secretary-A. F.

MACDONALD.

Meetings this term were on the whole not very well attended, play-reading proving a lesser attraction than the river and other . summer diversions. However, those members who did attend were . fort~nate in being able to read 'an excellent variety of plays. The broad humour of ' The Country Wife ' formed a good start for the term, and it was a great pity that much of the play had to be cut, owing to lack of time. For our next meeting we were the guests of Westfield College for an enjoyable evening with 'Tovarich,' which pr.oduced some of the best reading of the term. Totally different in style was 'The Insect Play ' by the brothers Kapek, which proved an interesting. dramatic work. The Society were very pleased toÂˇ , welcome Mr. G. D. Ramsay to the next meeting, when Sean

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O'Casey's 'Plough and the Stars' was read. Unfortunately, it suffered from the varied Irish accents that were produeed. Both for this and the final meeting, when Fagan's amusing play 'And so to Bed ' was read, the numbers of the Society were very low, but other members of the Hall were asked to come and take part. J. E. Cunningham Craig was elected President and H. L. H. Wheeler Secretary for the ensuing term. H.L.H.W. MICHAELMAS TERM

President - J. E. CUNNINGHAM CRAIG. Secretary - H. L. H . WHEELER. After the slight depression of the previous term the Society gained a new lease of life with the welcome influx of numerous freshmen. Several meetings were held, and at times a very high standard of reading was reached, particularly in J. B. Priestley's ' Time and . the Conways,' when the female parts especially were beautifully read. The Society held two joint meetings this term, both with the Home Students' Play Reading Society. For the first we entertained them at a reading of Laurence Housman 's 'Victoria Regina,' which, though rather ' prosy ' ih parts, was much enjoyed. Later in the term they invited us to read 'Call it a Day,' and Dodie Smith's domestic comedy was very suitable for a joint meeting of this sort. Also this term we were very glad to welcome the Principal again after too long an absence. He brought with him Professor Wilson Knight from Toronto University, who, as the Principal said, had two claims to fame. Firstly he had been a member of the Hall, and secondly he was an authority on Flecker's ' Hassan,' which by coincidence was the play chosen for this reading. We were very interested to hear his theories on the play which he l~ indly gave us. Other plays read this term have included 'The Unguarded Hour,' St. John Ervine's comedy 'Anthony and Anna,' and Alec Coppel's thriller 'I killed the Count. ' This latter formed an entertaining conclusion to the term's activities. H.L.H.W. THE MUSICAL SOCIETY. HILARY AND TRINITY TERMS, 1940

President-W. P.

SMITH.

Secretary-R.

T. HoLTBY.

At the beginning of the Hilary Term, W. P. Smith succeeded N. Bartleet as President of the Society. It was then decided to hold the usual Summer Concert on the Saturday of Eights Week. The programme of the concert was as follows, the guest-artist being George Brough, Organ Scholar of Keble College: -

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Preludes in A flat and C shar:p Bach. G. BROUGH. Recorder Solos : Suite in four parts Bach. Variations on Greensheaves. E. L. MooR. Part-Song: ' After many a Dusty Mile ' Elgar. Motet : ' 0 vos omnes ' Vittoria. Canon: 'Non nobis Domine.' MIXED CHOIR. Ballade in G minor Chopin. Brahms. Variations and Fugue on a Theme by H andel G. BROUGH. Sonata for Recorder Handel. E. L. MooR. Five Rounds . MALE VOICE CHOIR. Duets: 'Drink to me only with thine eyes' and 'A-Roving.' Âˇ J. P. S. HowE and M. S. PORCHER .. Song: 'Waltzing Matilda.' MIXED CHORUS. The concert was held in the quadrangle on an evening ideal for outdoor entertainment, and the Society was fortunate in having a few members of Lady Margaret Hall to provide the treble and alto parts in the songs and to sing the canon, 'Non nobis Domine.' The audience was particularly charmed by Brough's performance, and it was generally agreed that he played with a quiet competence, and without any of that affectation to which some of his pieces offered a special temptation. MICHAELMAS TERM President-R. T. HoLTBY. Secretary-ÂŁ. L. MooR. The Society had learned with regret that its President was to join H.M. Forces in the near future, and at the beginning of the Michaelm~s Term R. T. Holtby was appointed President in his place, with E. L. Moor as Secretary. Mr. G. D. Ramsay, Dr. H. M. N. H. Irving and D. R. Butlin were welcomed by the Committee as new members. It was decided not to hold the usual concert at the end of the Michaelmas Term, but instead to prepare a programme for a concert to be held on Saturday, February 8th, 194I. The Committee agreed, further, that in future the scope of the Society's activities should be widened. The Soci~ty acknowledges with gratitude the gift by E. L. Moor of .a yol!:Jme of Beethoven sonatas as an addition to its library. R.T.H.

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THE GRAMOPHONE SOCIETY Secretary-R. T. HoLTBY. The Gramophone Society is indeed indebted to the Principal for his kindness in allowing meetings in his drawing room almost every Saturday evening, not only during the Hilary and Michaelmas Terms but also during the Trinity Term. As always, it has been difficult to cater for all tastes, but the library of the University Gramophone Society has made a wider selection of records possible. The works of modern composers have been regular features, -but the Society, nevertheless, has not forgotten Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, Dvorak and Tchaikowsky. On one occasion, indeed, some early Greek and Hebrew music was played, rather more to the Society's amusement than to its edification. R.T.H. ].C.R. VARIETY CONCERT MICHAELMAS TERM

An innovation to be welcomed in war-time Oxford was the ].C.R. -Concert which took place at the end of the Michaelmas Term. Most of the turns were of a musical nature:- musical comedy, street-singing, tap-dancing and ' seat,' all of which were very well received by an enthusiastic audience. We were also treated to a spectacular acrobatic display and to a parody on an O.U.S:T.C. parade, in which J. K. Clark's impersonation of a sergeant is worthy of speci_a l mention. The general verdict passed upon the concert was' good show,' a phrase which, in this case, meant more than usual in Oxford. A.G. THE LIDDON SOCIETY HILARY TERM, 1940

Chai-rman-A. J. LEE. Only one meeting was held this term, at which the speaker was the Rev. F. A. Smalley, M.A., an Old Aularian, who had been a C.M.S. missionary in Japan and China, and for some years was Dean of the Faculty of Arts in the West China Union 'u niversity. He spoke on ' Building and Rebuilding in China,'' and gave a vivid picture of the contrasts of life there to-day. On the one hand, there was the war with Ja pan being waged on a scale which people in Europe could hardly comprehend, with bombings and evacuations and refugees in numbers infinitely greater than anything we had yet known. On the other hand, there was the new life of the Ch~nese nation springing up in the West, whither -'most ' of the Universities had migrated, some of them walking two thousand

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miles a nd bringing their equipment with them. Mr . Smalley then told some stories showing how the Chinese Church was facing the crisis in a magnificent way, and how, in spite of all obstacles, the Christian message was spreading. Crowds were flocking in to hear the Gospel, attracted by the appeal of the Christian religion, which turned suffering into triumph. A.J.L. TRINITY TERM

Chairman-A.

LEE.

Instead of going into hibernation, or its equivalent, during the Trinity Term, as had been the custom in the past, the Society decided to be more active, and to hold informal meetings at which papers should be read by members of the Hall. At the first meeting D. R. Jones read a paper on 'The Nature and Function of the Church.' The Church is the congregation of faithful people dispersed throughout the world, and in the world to come, and is not to be identified with any ecclesiastical organisation which Christ legislated into existence. Christ introduced a new relation between himself and God on the one hand, and himself and men on the other, setting free a stream of dynamic communal life which is our present heritage, and in which is inherent the impulse to missionary activity . It soon became clear that not everyone agreed entirely with the reader of the paper, and a vigorous and stimulating discussion followed . At the second meeting B. B. Russell read a paper on 'Christianity and Socialism.' He gave a penetrating criticism of the evils of capitalist society, showing that it carried in itself the seeds of decay. Against this, he emphasised the social implications of the Gospel, and the lessons to be drawn from the attitude of Christ himself. After deploring the conservative attitude of the Church as a whole, he concluded that while Christians should be socially minded, nevertheless the Church should not commit herself to any one programme of social reform. The discussion which followed waxed even more vigorous than at the previous meeting, and it was generally agreed that the informal meetings had been a great success. D. R. Jones was elected Chairman for the following year . A.J.L. MICHAELMAS TERM

Chairman-D. R. JONES. During this term two meetings were held. At the first, Professor L. W . Grensted delivered himself Âˇ in a highly interesting and con-

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE troversial manner on the vital subject of ' The Parson's Bookshelf.? His concern was not with that continuous reading of theological literature.which must form the parson's daily meat, but rather with his general reading, both for instruction and relief. Professor Grensted put forward some useful positive suggestions. Sometimes, he said, it might be useful to glance through, in a fortnight, a hundred of the sort of books that are to be found on the counter of the Times Book Club. It was always well to try to see how the absurdities of the parson react on other people ; no better antidote to clerical idiosyncrasy could be employed than Stephen Leacock. So the Professor continued to regale us with a wealth of example and demonstration. This was one of the most useful and entertaining meetings that members could recall. At the second meeting Mr. H. A. Jennings read a paper on' The Country Parish.' His main contention was that benefices should be joined together in small units and placed in the charge of colleges of clergy living a common life. He ended his paper with an impressive plea that the job of the country parson should be recognised as a vocation as distinct and important as the missionary or any other vocation. The Society had two corporate communions on the feast of All Saints and on St. Andrew's Day. D.R.J. THE WILLIAM MORRIS SOCIETY HILARY TERM, 1940

Secretary-A. F.

MACDONALD.

Just before the war, several members of the Hall expressed a keen interest in social problems, and so the William Morris Society was formed-;-its intentions to study all forms of social problems, no matter their diversity. Two successful meetings were held: Epstein, of New College, opened a discussion ~n 'Sex and Society' and Dr. V\Tilliam Brown, Director of the Oxford University Institute of Experimental Psychology, spoke on 'Psychology and Society:' Such was the birth, life and, it seems to be, the death of this Society. As one of its founders, I would like to see an end to inactivity, and ask anyone to take up a cudgel and do something. The social problems that will beset this country and are besetting it must engross Oxford now, and it would be .good if St. Edmund Hall could make a contribution of some sort. A lot of the: organisation of the Forestry Camps came from the Hall: let us see if we cannot

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do something else .. The problem of Town Planning, born through the pangs of bombs, ought to exercise your fertile brains. Go to it. A.F.M. THE LABOUR CLUB GROUP HILARY TERM, 1940

S ecretary-]. D. M.

BELL.

In this term the Labour Club in the Hall had twenty-three members, a number which made it the largest political club in the Hall and also compared very favourably with membership figures in other colleges. This was the last terrri in which the Club existed as the one, united Socialist Club in the University, and division of opinion on a number of issues was already evident. Though this made the continuance of a united club difficult, it had the happy effect of enlivening discussion and debate, even if at the expense of more practical activity. The high spot of the term for the Hall group was undoubtedly the address given to a joint meeting of ourselves and the Magdalen group by Mr. A. L. Rowse, of All Souls, on 'Labour's Future,' a s ubject sufficiently vague to give the speaker every opportunity of employing his unique powers of brilliant, contemptuous and tempestuous oratory. The meeting on Finland, the most contentious issue of the term, revealed sharp cleavages of opinion, while a joint meeting with members of the Pacifist Association gave rise to a lively discussion. A debate with the Conservative Discussion Group was poorly attended, and the wideness of the divergence of views made the discussion rather barren. J.D.M.B. TRINITY TERM

Secretary-F. D.

RUSHWORTH.

The principal event of the term was the split in the_.old Labour Club caused by the withdrawal of those who preferred the Labour Party to the University Labour Federation. This left our membership considerably reduced, and the Hall group therefore combined with that of Magdalen College for the purpose of holding weekly discussions. However, we in the Hall were fortunate in that the bitterness prevalent elsewhere between ' Stalin's yes-men ' and the 'appendages of the National Government' was here completely absent; on the contrary, the two socialist groups combined in action on many points - notably on the question of India and on local issues. One excellent result of the interest awakened by the simul-

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

taneous existence of two societies for the propagation of socialist ideas was that not a few people in the Hall were interested in F.D.R. socialism for the first time. MICHAELMAS TERM

Secretary-F. D.

RUSHWORTH.

It is not a characteristic of the Labour Club to indulge in optimistic self-deception, and it must be recognised that the work of the Hall group this term has been severely limited. Partly owing to the small membership, partly to the other occupations of the supposed leaders of the group, no meetings of the group itself have been held, but we have met together with the Queen's College group to hear that excellent debater, Pat Sloan. F.D.R. DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST CLUB GROUP TRINITY TERM

Secretary-R. T.

HoLTBY.

After the split in Labour ranks in the University there were several members of the Hall who joined the Democratic Socialist Club formed in the Hall at the beginning of the Trinity Term. Keen, though largely informal, discussions took place from time to time, and there was one study group held jointly with University College and Magdalen. Instead of the usual number of study groups, punting expeditions were arranged with Queen's, University College, St. Hilda's, St. Hugh's and L.M.H. R.T.H. MICHAELMAS TERM

Secretary-ÂŁ.

REES.

This term has been extremely successful from every point of view. Several freshmen joined the Club at the beginning of the term. We have held four meetings, the first of which was addressed by J. D. M. Bell, who spoke on the general policy of the ' British Labour Movement.' For the second meeting the subject was 'The History of the British Working Class Movement,' and the speaker was M. A. Ashcroft, of Magdalen. The third meeting was a joint meetings of the Hall and Somerville groups, when R. H. Jenkins, of Balliol, outlined the differences between ' Socialism and Communism.' For the final meeting of the term R. T. Holtby read a paper on' Christianity and Socialism.' E.R.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

CLUBS, 1940 THE BOAT CLUB HILARY TERM, 1940 Captain-P. L. FANNING (Queen's). Secretary-M. H. TUPPER. It was not until the Hilary Term that the Boat Club was seriously affected by war-time conditions. But then we found ourselves with no experienced oarsmen available except P. L. Fanning, of Queen's, who was duly elected Captain of the combined Boat Club, since H. L. McDowell, also of Queen's, had not come into residence. The 0.U.B .C . arranged' ersatz' Torpids to be rowed on four nights in the ninth week of term with the crews starting in the position held by the higher of the two crews in the combination. We were therefore faced with the prospect of starting Head of the River, and at once set about forming a crew round the two remaining members of last term's eight, Fanning having been selected for the University crew. But illness and impossible weather <:onditions prevented serious training, and the crew which eventually arrived at its station was stroked by R. C. T. James, who nobly emerged from retirement at short notice. We rowed over comfortably on the first two nights ahead of the combined Pembroke, Corpus and St. Peter's Hall crew, who were bumped by Trinity and Balliol on the second. The latter crew proved too fast for the Hall, and caught us in the Gut, while we succumbed to Exeter and Lincoln at the Free Ferry on the following day. This was disappointing but inevitable, considering our lack of experienced oarsmen, and we are grateful to J. D. M. Parker, of Oriel, for undertaking to coach a somewhat unpromising crew. I need hardly add that these races do not affect the order of starting after the war, when the Hall will once again lead the way to Folly Bridge. A second crew was entered to give experience to as many as possible, and after one week's practice was bumped twice, finishing bottom of the river. Altogether fifteen crews entered for the races. M.H.T. FIRST TORPID. SECOND TORPID . Bow. F. D. Rushworth Bow. J. B. F. Eckersley 2. 2. K. Jellinek (Queen's) J. F. 0 'Donovan 3· E. Rees 3 · J. N . Rostron (Queen's) 4· J. S. Leather (Queen's) 4· F. J. Mee 5· - D. Rosenthal (Queen 's) 5· M. M. Hennell 6. J.E. Cunningham Craig 6. J. P. de C. Meade 7. M. H. Meredith (Queen's) 7· J. Spicer (Queen's) Str. K. Hardacre Str. R. C . T. James Cox. D. B. Smith. Cox. D. Craighead (Queen's).

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

TRINITY TERM

Captain-P. L. FANNING (Queen's).

Secretary-M. H. TUPPER.

It was decided that Eights \Veek should take place as usual except that there should be racing on four nights only instead of six, and with Fanning available and an experienced freshman, R. H. Slemeck, in residence, our prospects were considerably brighter. We were fortunate in obtaining the services of Dr. P. C. Mallam and R. D. Hill (New College) to coach us, and it was no fault of theirs that the First Eight did not meet with more success. We got through plenty of hard work in training, going to Godstow once and Radley twice, while our practice times were encouraging, but once again it was lack of experience that prevented us from being a good racing crew. On the first night New College and Magdalen - with our coach at ' 6 ' ! - came up very fast after the New Bridge, and our rowing rapidly deteriorated until the end came in the Gut. Much the same happened on the second night when Cl;:irist Church and Brasenose caught us at the Pink Post. But we now had Oriel and Hertford behind us, and although on Friday they made no impression on us, on the last night they came to within a quarter of a length in the Gut, and managed to keep within striking distance over the rest of the course, but we scrambled home with a few feet to spare. \Ve were among the best crews on the river, and with steadier rowing might have maintained our position. The Second Eight shaped quite well in training, and struggled manfully as far as the Cherwell before being bumped by Oriel and Hertford II on the first night. But they maintained . their position after this, in spite of the determined efforts by St. Catherine's, who on successive days were within striking distance in the Gut. The Third Eight could not quite make up in brute force what it lacked in skill, and was bumped by Exeter and Lincoln III. Their efforts to ~venge their defeat were noble but unsuccessful. . M.H.T. FIRST VIII. Bow. M. H. Meredith (Queen's) 2. ]. A. G. Whitehead 3· M. M. Hennell 4· F.]. Mee 5· C. E. B . B. Simpson 6. R. H. Slemeck . 7. M. H. Tupper Str. P. L. Fanning (Queen's) Cox. D. B, Smith.

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SECOND VIII. Bow . E.W. Sudale 2. P.H . W. Salt 3 · C. M. Kelly 4· ] . A. Marshall (Queen's) 5· J. B. F. Eckersley 6 . ]. S. Leather (Queen's) 7. ]. R. C. W:ebb Str . K . Hardacre Cox. H . W. Hinds.

THIRD VIII. Bow . R. C. T. Worsley 2. L. Bok (Queen's) 3· G . L. Henson 4· L. A. Bullwinkle (Queen's) 5· D. Austin (Queen's) 6. ]. P. de C . Meade 7. A. Briggs (Queen's) Str. C. M. Lavender Cox . 0. P. Davies.

MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain-M. H. TUPPER .

Secretary-F. ]. MEE .

This term a comprehensive programme of races was organised by the 0. U .B .C., with separate divisions for Coxswainless, Clinker and Tub Fours, arranged on a knock-out basis with heats run as time races . The First Four was in the early stages undoubtedly the best crew on the river, but when we reached the more advanced stages of training serious weaknesses came to light, particularly ih the crew's finishes, and by the time of the races there was at least one other crew as good, if not better. But we reached the final comfortably, beating Oriel and Hertford and Christ Church and Brasenose by wide margins ; in both races we had the back station and were right up on our opponents by the Gut. Therefore the final was our first hard race, and was exceptionally hard in view of the very strong stream . Here our weakness proved to be our downfall, for though we held Magdalen and New College to the New Bridge we then lost our stride, and bad steering through the Gut put the race beyond doubt. In the Second Division the Clinker Four easily beat Oriel and Hertford in the first round, but mysteriously lost their form in the semi-final and were beaten equally easily by Keble and Wadham II. But the two Freshmen's Fours both found their way to the final of the Third Division, and 'A' crew beat 'B' crew by 5 sees . after a good race. This was a very satisfactory term, and the freshmen in particular include some promising material. M.H .T. CoxswAINLESS IV. CLINKER IV. Bow. M . H. Tupper (steers) , Bow. ]. A. G . Whitehead 2. 2. F . ] . Mee K. Hardacre 3· ] . C . Fenton (Queen's) 3· ]. E. G . Howarth Str. P . L. Fanning (Queen's). 4 · ]. S. Leather (Queen's) Cox. H. W. Hinds .

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE 'A' CREW. Bow. P. ]. C. Smith 2. C. D. Dent 3Âˇ D. Gall (Queen's) Str. C. J. J. Berry (Queen' s) Cox. D. B. Smith.

Captain-K. B.

'B, CREW. Bow. A. B. Shaw (Queen's) ]. W. Brinsley (Queen's) 2. 3Âˇ G. D. Cameron (Queen's) Str. A. G. Goode Cox. W. F. Raymond (Queen's).

THE CRICKET CLUB Secretary-F.

H ALLOWES.

H. PEDLEY.

We began the season with only one Colour in residence, the Captain, K. B. Hallowes, whose appearances were unfortunately limited by the imminence of Schools. N. G. Gee, who was appointed Secretary at the end of last term, was unable to come into residence, and F. H. Pedley was appointed in his place. Our combination with Queen's College gave us the privilege of using their ground, and consequently the nets in the Parks were no longer frequented. Queen's also provided the backbon e of our batting talent, while D. E. Cattell and H. L. Da Costa, both fast bowlers, and R.H. Witney, an effective medium spin-bowler_, played their part in attack. H. L . H. Wheeler a nd G. L. Henson showed themselves able to make runs on occasions, and 0. P. Davies was a regular and enthusiastic member of the team so long as he was in residence .. P. P. Bloy, who was stationed with the Oxford & Bucks at Cowley, assisted us on several occasions. Several fixtures had to be cancelled for various reasons, but the position at the end of the season was that we had won . seven, lost two and drawn two matches. The annual match with St. Edward's School ended in a close victory for our combined side. Colours were awarded ' to F. H. Pedley, H. L. Da Costa, D. E . Cattell and H. L. H. Wheeler. The following also played regularly :-K. B. Hallowes, C. L. Robathan, G. L. Henson, J. F. G. Sootheran, A. Green and 0. P . Davies. The following played occasionally :-D. D. Lees, J.P. S. Howe, P. M. Smith, J. F. W. Sims, R. C. T. Worsley, R. C. Upham and E.W. Sudale. At a Colours meeting, H. L. H. Wheeler was appointed DeputyCaptain and Secretary. F.H.P. THE RUGBY FOOTBALL CLUB HILARY TERM, 1940

Captain-C . E. B. B. SIMPSON. Secretary-R. H : COULSTON . During the Michaelmas and Hilary Terms we have been combined with Queen's very equally: they have regularly provided some

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

half-dozen men for the first team and often promised the same amount for the second, the majority of whom, however, seldom turned up. We have experienced difficulty not in providing men but in giving everyone a game. In the Michaelmas Term we were put in the Second Division, despite protests, but showed our ability by winning every League match, all with a fair amount to spare except one match with Jesus , who ultimately beat us in 'Cuppers' the next term . In the Hilary Term we entered Cup-ties with great hopes, but after a bye in the first round a nd a walk-over against University and Merton we met J esus and St . Catherine's in the semi-final, who in no uncertain fashion set about crocking five of our men, but, nevertheless, we played them to a draw. We had , however, to play them the next day, and they again injured two of our men, so that we departed from Cup-ties with many casualties on our hands but a certain amount of glory . Mention must certainly be made of a ' Rugger ' Eight which rowed as our Third Eight in Summer Eights; we were very pleased with this eight until, about three days before the races, the Queen's Secretary started to experience great difficulty in remaining in the boat, and, when he did, he collected quite a piscatory assortment of crabs or whatever crustacea the Thames provided. However, after the insertion of a non-' Rugger ' playing member of the Hall, we entered the races, but were bumped by a strong Exeter ' Schools Eight ' and descended to the only impregnable position-bottom of the river. We held this position for the other three nights, rowing with great style, and on the Monday after Eights challenged a Worcester 'Rugger' Eight, which consisted mostly of 'Soccer' and Boxing Blues, only to be beaten by three lengths, and so we lost our wager, a barrel of that liquor for which the 'Rugger' Club is famed ; we did, however, challenge Worcester to a game of 'ten-a-side ' Rugby, which they declined to accept, as only two of them played Rugby football, so we may conclude that their success was hardly cricket . C.E.B.B.S . MICHAELMAS TERM

Secretary-R. H.

COULSTON

Unluckily the Captain did not come into residence this term, so we started the season with four Colours and three second or third year men. The main item has been League matches. Once again we have combined successfully with Queen's with a strong numerical superiority on our part. For most of the League matches we have

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

had an extremely well-balanced team with the forwards putting in sufficient hard work and the backs seizing every opportunity. The lack of a good ' hooker ' has been successfully overcome by every member of the pack exerting all his strength in the set scrums. The strongest link in our back divisions was between the halves, but the dash of the centres, who never overlooked an opportunity to exploit their speedy wingers, has scored us many tries. The standard of play in the League matches was, on the whole, scarcely as good as might have been expected of the First Division. The first three games were won with astonishing ease: 134 points for and 9 against. Christ Church and Brasenose, however, proved a harder nut to crack, .b ut, after a very exciting game, we managed to beat them 21-15. Mj.sfortune then overtook us at the gateway of success, for, after beating Trinity handsomely, we lost to St. John's and Worcester by 18 points to 3; it must be added that no fewer than six of our First XV were unable to play on that day. The final reckoning was: Played, 5; won, 4; lost, l. Points for, 158; against, 42. W .e a lso had several enj.oyable First and Second XV friendly matches. Colours were awarded to C. J. H. Starey, H. E. Pearson, C. B . R.H.C. Farmelo, P. C. Swann and J. N. Micklem. THE ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL CLUB HILARY TERM, 1940

Captain-C. GRAYSON. The activities of the Association Football Club this term have been mainly confined to watching and w~iting for the thaw to set in. The Queen's ground, frost-bound for most of the term, prevented the fulfilling of the greater part of our fixtures and considerably reduced the number of our games to a paltry three or four. An additional weakness was the fact that many of the regufa.r players, especially from among our colleagues at Queen's, had already gone down, and new support was scarcely forthcoming from the by-term freshmen . However, Cup-ties took place, after a certain amount of juggling with dates at the whim of the weather, and in a hard game we were beaten two goals to nil by the strong combination of Magdalen and Âˇ New College in the first round. The remaining League fixtures were more or less abandoned to fate, players turning out at sporadic intervals as freedom from influenza or the cold weather permitted. C.G.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain-A.

GREEN.

The much hoped for revival has come at last. With a considerable number of freshmen very keen to play 'Soccer' and the usual support from the Rugby Football Club we are beginning, quite literally, to make ourselves felt in Inter-College football. Of the eight League matches played this term we have won four, lost three and drawn one, finishing second in our division. At the beginning of the season the keenness of our side was unfortunately somewhat greater than its ability, and we lost the first three matches. The strong support which Queen's gave us last year was sadly missed : our partners could only provide us with one player, and that not very regularly . However, we called upon the stalwarts of the Rugby Football Club and promptly reversed the adverse balance. Our side, it must be admitted, is not very skilled in the fine arts of the game, but it more than makes up for these deficiencies by great powers of endurance and rather robust tactics, both of which were very apparently effective in a goalless draw made with Jesus and St. Catherine's. The chief weaknesses are in the wing-forward positions and also at full-back, but we are well on the way to remedying them. Colours were awarded to H. L. Da Costa, N. Gully, C. Mounsey and H. E. Pearson, and H. L. Da Costa was elected Secretary for next term. A.G. THE HOCKEY CLUB HILARY TERM, 1940

Captain-R.

MclsAAC.

Owing to continuous bad weather, in the form of s.n ow and ice, very little hockey was played this term. However, a few games were played in the last two weeks, and the team on these occasions did very well. The most notable success was the defeat of the Occasionals by four goals to three. The only College game was against Hertford and Oriel, when we won fairly easily. The following represented the Hall in the combined Hall and Queen's XI :-A. F. MacDonald; K. B. Hallowes, D. D. Lees; N. G. Long, R. Mcisaac; D . B. Smith, J.P. S. Howe, M. S. Porcher, D. W. Boyd, J. F. G. Sootheran. D.D.L. Colours were awarded to D. D . Lees.

5T. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain- D . D . LEES. At the beginning of the term it was decided to combine with Queen's and University Colleges for hockey . No League matches were arranged, but friendly games were played against most Colleges. The combined team soon settled down, and it could be seeri that it would prove to be a strong side. With the exception of Corpus and Pembroke, all other Colleges were beaten, a tota-1 Âˇof forty goals for being scored to twelve against. The Occasionals were again beaten, although it is only fair to say that they were unable tci turn out a strong side, the score in this match being 3-2. Unfortunately; only five members of the Hall were able to gain regular places in the combined side, but it can fairly be said that these formed the backbone of the team. A few very enjoyable ' mixed ' hockey matches were played, which enabled several people to discover the joys of a hockey match for the first time. Colours were awarded to D. H. A. Wilson, M. S. Porcher and D. B. Smith . . We were represented most regularly in matches by D. D. Lees, D. H. A. Wilson, D. W. Everton, J.P. S. Howe, M. S. Porcher and D. B. Smith. D.D.L. THE ATHLETIC CLUB HILARY TERM, 1940

Captain-C. J. H. STAREY. The O.U.A.C. combined the Inter-College Sports with the University Sports this year, and the competition was deciaed on a scoring system, points being given for the first six places in each event. The Hall and Queen's combined team were four-t:h in this competition. This in itself was a satisfactory result, but our position might have been considerably improved had our team been at full strength. We were without A. E. Barker (Queen's), who has since won two events for the University, and K . B. Hallowes and D. H. A. 'i\Tilson, both of whom should have obtained places in their events. The following represented the Hall: - 100 Yards!: C. J. H. Starey. 440 Yards : G. Harper King. 8$0 Yards : J. F. 0 'Donovan, , ] . P. S. Howe. Low Hurdles: C. J. H. Starey. Long Jump: C , J. H. ~tarey (placed fourth), D. D. Lees (placed sixth). Javelin: D , D. Lees (placed sixth). Athletics Colours have been awarded. to G. Harper King. C.J.H.S.

ST: EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE TRINITY TERM

We have tried to arrange athletics fixtures this term for a combined Hall and Queen's team. The first, against Bristol University and King's College, London, had to be scratched on the day of the match owing to rain. The second, against Shrivenham 0.C.T.U., :was indefinitely postponed owing to the military situation. The third, against a combined Guy's, Bart's and St. Mary's team was run off on June r2th and resulted in a narrow victory for the visitors by- 52-48. We won all the field events and both jumps, but were unable to hold our own in the track races. The performances were quite good and the Hall contingent acquitted themselves nobly. Altogether the match was a great success, and we qope to arrange more of these fixtures in the future. The following represented the Hall in the match v. Hospitals : C. J. H. Starey (roo Yards, 220 Yards, Long Jump), D. H. A. Wilson (roo Yards, 220 Yards), K. B. Hallowes (Half-Mile) and D. D. Lees (Javelin). Colours have been awarded to D. H. A. Wilson and D. D. Lees. G. ÂˇHarper King has been elected Secretary for next year. C.J.H.S. MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain-C.

H. STAREY.

Secretary-G.

HARPER KING.

Looking back over the past year, it seems that our team, combined with Queen's, must have been very nearly if not in fact the strongest in the University; however, injuries, illness and the fortunes of war combined to prevent us from doing justice to _ourselves, for we were never able to turn out a full team on any occasion. This term prospects for a successful year are agai11 ,high. We have valuable recruits to the long distance races among the freshm-en, who have already proved their worth. C. P. Smith, A. P. Smith, P. F. Dawson and R. M. Date are to be congratulated on their performances in the Freshmen's Sports. Finally, we are proud to record our victory in the Inter~College Relays held last week. We won the 440 + 2 20 + 2 20 + 440 Yards and were second in the Mile+ Half-Mile+ Half-Mile+ Mile. Athletics Colours have been awarded to the following:-D. H. A. Wilson, D . D. Lees, R. A. Bishop, G. P. Smith and A. P. Smith. C.J.H.S.

fr7

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE THE LAWN TENNIS CLUB Captain-D. G .. c. SALT. Secr etary-D. W.

BOYD.

As was the case in most of the Hall's athletic activities, we combined with Queen's to produce our two VI 's. \Ve were very fortunate in having one of the finest summers for a: great many years, and I think that none of the fixtures ?ad to be cancelled owing to the weather. Our captain did not play very often because he was working for his Finals, but that did not deter us from having, on Âˇthe whole, an extremely successful season. In our first match we defeated a team from Wycliffe Hall, and, apart from the match with Trinity, suffered no heavy losses. Of the friendly matches that we played against other College sides, both male and female, I think it is fair to say that we won more than half, and the results as a whole were better than they had been for some years. For the Cup-ties we broke away from Queen's and produced a VI of our own with which we achieved something that had not been done for nearly ten years. We won the first round of the competition, defeating vVadham by a convincing margin. Of last year's team we had left D. G. C. Salt and D. W. Boyd, and the remaining places were filled by four freshmen, R. H. Witney, J. P. S. Howe, D. D . Lees and G. Harper King. In the second round we were unfortunate, as we could produce only four players, some of whom were not even in the First VI. The match was arranged in a great hurry on a Sunday, and it was something to be wondered at that we managed to find as many as foqr men to play. It was pity, because with a full team we stood a very good chance of winning : On account of the war none of the Colleges produced a Second VI. Singles and doubles knock-out tournaments were held in the course of the term, in which R. H. Witney distinguished himself by winning the"'singles and partnering D. B. Smith to victory in the doubles. Colours were awarded to R. H. Witney, J. P. S. Howe, D. D. Lees and G. Harper King. At a meeting of Colours D., W .. Boyd was elected Captain and ]. P. S. Howe Secretary for next season. J.P .S.H.

THE SWIMMING CLUB Captain-M. M. HENNELL. The Hilary Term showed that the Hall possessed some talent Âˇ and a great deal of enthusiasm, for without .the assi.sJance of members of the Queen's College a full s.w,imming and water-polo :team

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

turned up at the Cowley Baths to play a friendly match v. Pembroke and Corpus Christi Colleges. Our opponents fa~led to turn up, and we swam against a University side and learnt something of the subtilties of water-polo by playing with them. In the Trinity Term the Relay and vVater-Polo Cup-ties were combined, and we got through the first round with no difficulty, as Pembroke and Corpus Christi again absented themselves . This .was fortunate, as three of our team were unable to play, being in the Hall Eight, after whose outings there was an opportunity for swimming and polo practice in the river. These efforts were amply rewarded, for when we met University and Merton Colleges in the semi-final we won by two goals to one, though we were beaten in the Relay by a considerably stronger team . In the Water-Polo final we were to meet Oriel and Hertford, but they scratched at the last minute, so for the first time the Hall became the winners of this particular competition. M.M.H. MICHAELMAS TERM

Captain.:__B. B. RussELL. The activities of members this term have been confined to individual practice and training for the Freshmen's and Seniors' Trials, which are to be held early next term. B.B.R. THE SQUASH RACKETS CLUB HILARY TERM, 1940

Captain-A. F. MACDONALD. Writing far away from the High, my dates and facts will not be good. However, I can remember that we had a good seasonplenty of:games with the University women 's teams and some excellent combined efforts with Queen's against the lh1ry Know le ÂˇSquash Club at Headington . In the Cup-ties, if I remember rightly, we passed through one round, to be later defeated. A.F.M. MICHAELMAS TERM

Secretary-D. B. SMITH. The prospects of the Hall Squash Club were not too bright at .the beginning of the Michaelmas Term, as the Secretary was the only member of last year's team in residence. Also Queen's ex'pressed a wi~h that, as they had a considerable number of players, .they would prefer to play by themselves instead of forming a combined team. However, they very kindly Âˇc onsented to allow us to use their 'courts for home matches.

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

An interesting fixture list was compiled, and, as few freshmen had played before, the team was entirely composed of second year players. \Ve started quite well by beating the 0. U. women by 3-2 and narrowly lost to Hertford :Âˇ after this our luck seemed to leave us and we have had little success since. Matches which we had expected to win were cancelled by our opponents, and Wycliffe HallÂˇ (who included two former Aularians) just beat us by the odd game. A. H. Meyrick has played quite well at second string through~ out the term, but he is still rather slow at present. A. Bishop, though he has played some good ' friendly ' games, has completely failed to produce his best form in matches. Others whQ_ ,have played include J. B. Burtt, H. L. H. \!Vheeler and G. Harper King. Next term we are hoping for more success, ai;id the squash ladder will probably be re-introduced to encourage members of the Hall to play. For the Hilary Term A. H. Meyrick has been elected Secretary. D.B.S.

'HERCLE QUIN TU RECTE DICIS' [These excerpts are taken from an account of his experiences by an Aularian who served with the B.E.F. in a troop-carrying unit' of the R.A.S.C.] j\LL along the snowy, frozen Norman roads the people turned out to welcome us. The children g::tve us ' thumbs up ' and we threw them bars of ration chocolate. So to Vire in the darkening afternoon, and to my first billet in France. I spent the night in the house of an engineer. He was::married and had four young children. His wife welcomed me and took me in straightl:i:way to meet her little family: the children were shy at first, but soon began chattering and playing with me. Since they could talk no English, I had to talk French. Suddenly they all retired with an air of great secrecy : their mother informed me that there was to be a charade in my honour. In they came dressed in sheets and towels and carrying mops and twigs; there was much ado on the hastily improvised stage, and finally we were asked to guess what it was. Their mother admitted defeat: whereat her son, aetat. 10, rebuked her very gravely for denseness and told us that it was Noah and the Ark. 'But what was the last scene? 'she asked. '0 mam~n done! ' This with great contempt. '' C'etait la colombe, de paix, tu sais ! ' I hoped it was a good omen '

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So on by various stages to · a most lovely little Norman town which was to be my home for nearly a month, Sille-le-Guillaume (' Silly William ' to us).' About thirty kilometres north-west of Le Mans, it stands on a gently rising slope and is crowned by a stoutly built Romanesque church. Always the air is clear and bright about it, even in the most bitter winter weather : the houses cluster and sparkle round the church : my men called it the little jewel, and my hosts and I agreed that from now on it should be known as ' la vilk bijou.' I was billeted on the doctor: he was a gay little man, always bustling about; off to see somebody sick with influenza, of which there was a lot; very capable and interesting to talk to. He had served in the last war and took an unemotional view of this one. ' I1 faut en finir '-how often was I to hear that all through my time there. But he was not the only optimist in France. His wife was certainly one of the most gracious women I have ever met and so kind to the young Englishman. The family was completed by three very pretty and pleasant daughters with whom I was to have much laughter and happiness. They were well educated in the arts : they needed none of the extraneous pleasures which we seem to find so necessary to make life pass. Many _an evening we spent in talk, in music which they made, or, occasionally, in a grand concert on the gramophone. True, there were surreptitious ' cigarettes anglaises,' when Papa was not looking: we used to explain away the stained finger-tips by claims of iodine, so much so that' beaucoup d'iode 'became a family password. It was here, too, that I learned to sing- oh, the lovely French songs; I shall sing them in chorus again. Every morning I was woken by: ' Paresseuses filles, qui sommeillent encore, Deja le jour brille sous son manteau d'or:.' I was not long there before ' The anglais' became a daily observance at 3.30. And proper tea, too: I went into the kitchen my French was now improving- and with great gra,vity and a wealth of demonstration lectured Anne-Marie on the way the thing· should. be done-and it was so ever afterwards. What a ceremony it was - made all the more pleasant because the two girls still had a tutor occasionally. She arrived at 4.0, and it was a point of honour to make tea last as long as possible so that lessons should be short. · But, heavens, there was a war on - and I was there to work. Our interpreter had not yet made his appearance, so that I found myself billeting officer for two of our companies. This meant my

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE searching the town and the neighbouring country for barns, halls and anything that would hold men. Here also was ceremony: with the ' garde .champetre ' I would go round and meet all the local farmers and merchants : coffee and calvados would be served : general topics disposed of and then to business. I still laugh as I think how I would call attention to a hqle in the roof; to be greeted gravely with the reply, 'Yes indeed, Monsieur; it is a drawbackbut, then, the climate is very warm over here.' But at length all preparations were complete and I was ready to move the company in.

My only quarrel with the war is that we never stay long where we want to: the days at Sille came to an end and I had to say goodbye to Âˇt hem all. There were claims for damages to be settled : in addition to the usual claims for breakages and 'borrowings,' our billetee avowed that the men had taken a hurricane lamp, value 38 francs. All the evidence was negative, of course; but I paid up and went on my rounds, to find that the news had preceded me, for in every house which I subsequently visited everyone had lost an exactly similar lamp valued at an exactly similar price. But they had been so good to us - old Maman Legrou, who did the troops' washing for nothing and all the others-that it was a small price i:o pay. It was not pleasant saying adieu to those hard-headed, sensible, graceful, vital people; in the awful months that followed I was to recall them with great . Qomfort, because they seemed to be the real France, and they will not be easily beaten. At last after the months of waiting (for it was now early March) we were to do something. So north of Lille, through the defences we went to Lannoy, and reported to a Guards Brigade. We were excessively pleased at that ; and with reason, for the Guards lived up to their reputation in all things. Everyone worked hard and many a long hour; and in the end it told, for by mid-April we were, saving your grace, a crack unit, as far as our particular work went. The Guards taught us a lot more than we ever admitted, but once we had worked for them we felt able to tackle anything and anyone-and we did. Rumours, scares and counter-rumours filled the air. Leave was on; leave was off; leave was on again. Then the storm burst. At six o'clock on May ro the code word came through. I 'read the wire,

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rolled out of bed cursing loudly, and passed on the news. The operating sections went off to their rendezvous and the war was on. Vve moved quite a fair proportion of troops in our lprries up to the line of Louvain-Brussels: we received a wire from the C.-in-C. saying how perfectly marvellous everything was-and then started moving everyone back ! It was here that I had for the first time the real thrill of war, the s-ense of joy in the nobility that is in everyone. I stood on the roadside checking the company back from Belgium; they were ugly, tired and dirty; they had been driving off and on for thirty hours; but they came back like the gods of old, crowned with lilac instead of laurels and sporting Belgian flags on their radiators. Turned round, had a meal, read their letters, wished they were home, and were off again. Those men did everything - they drove their lorries, through bombing and shelling, into the pitch-black night to cross-roads on which the Germans were registering, to pull the infantry out: and never a complaint. We were retreating- strategically, since the line collapsed on our right flank-but we were making the Germans pay hard . It was all rather like Eights Week; bombs for the pistols, a struggle going on somewhere, but tea at four o'clock! I was in one Divisional H .Q. about two miles behind the front, with an occasional German overhead and guns going off all around-and inside were the general in carpet slippers arid a most perfectly tailored captain drinking his tea as though he was just off on leave for the week-end. It counts for something, that silly British nonchalance.

So it went on : up ' there ' and back again . In Lille we were quite frankly beaten for knowledge of the war. First, the French went up : then they came back. Trains ran one way; then another; then they didn 't run at all. The Germans were in Arras ; the Guards pushed them out ; . they came back ; they were in Lens ; they would be in Lille to-morrow. Nobody knew what was happening: up to the N. W. we could hear the heavy artillery firing, it seemed, almost without rest. Âˇ Towards the end of our stay, the only method of keeping in contact with G.H.Q. was the single telephone in the T_o wn -Major's office. I used to go there daily and sit for hours trying to get through for orders. One morning I turned up and hammered on the door: it was opened by the concierge, imperturbable even then. I asked for the Town Major. 'Il est parti, M'sieur.' 'Pour ou?' Tenez : je ne sais point-mais entrez done.' So I went in and took

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over a very sumptuous office. Then .the fun began : from every corner of the front there arrived stragglers, hungry and tired and lost. They wanted to know where their units were: could I feed them? To the first the answer was ' no ' ; to the second a doubtful ' yes.' l sent them down to the cook-house, and miraculously there was always enough food. Meanwhile the news had got round. The French population expected the Germans hourly. For the love of God might they have a lorry to take them to La Bassee, where they could get a train: so entreated first one, then another. The thing assumed such proportions that we were forced to institute a regular bus service at 9.0 and 2.0 every day for various unspecified destinations. Look ing back, I doubt if we were right to do so: poor souls, they went, so many of them , into worse places. But we did not know. Tears and laughter were always mingled: their requests were so odd. ' Could you please send the lorry round to Ronchin, because my mother is rather ill and couldn't get here on foot - and we have two big trunks.' It's not funny, but it seemed so then - the way little domestic details conditioned things, even in the midst of the greatest confusion. And they were so grateful. I had lent my car to one old couple of eighty to get them away into the country: when they got there, they decided to com.e back, and the old man came in next day with a great bunch of flowers which he pressed on me; with tears starting in his eyes he thanked me and begged me to stay in Lille and to go round and drink coffee with them to comfort his wife . I never went: I do wish so much that I had been able to. To make matters worse, the Mayor of Lille-a vile fellow-had decamped one night, leaving a curt note on the door of the Hotel de Ville: 'Je suis alle a X. Suivez-moi.' That stopped everything: the shops shut, the sirens didn't go off, and, worst of all, food supplies ceased. There was still plenty in the shops, but none was open . So food-rioting broke out, as the more adventurous broke in. Soon our street was filled with people yelling and pushing, and everything was set for a nice panic. Some of the troops had the good sense to try to organise a picket, and word of what was happening was sent to the office. I went up the street and faced the angry - or, rather, foolish crowd, and mounted the steps of a big grocery store, cleaÂˇr ed my throat nervously and made some sort of speech, in which I promised that we would see everyone got a fair share if they would come up two by two and stop pushing. Anyway, it worked, and I went off feeling a cross between Marie Antoinette at the Tuileries and 'the chucker-out at the Hammersmith Palais de Danse.

7.4

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Among the stragglers was a party of the Oxford and Bucks. I sent for their corporal. It turned out that he had lived quite near me off the Cowley Road when I was in ' digs '; and we spent a fragment of a sunny May afternoon talking of the things that really matter. In the middle of it all, an orderly came in with a message that we were all to leave Lille and go north to Laventie, a village as pretty as its name, and celebrated by Wilfrid Tennant in the last war. We set up our mess in the house of which he writes in his poem, a wonderful place richly furnished and bearing over all the imprint of a very gracious chatelaine : po~)[ woman, she had fled in great haste, for when we moved in we found that the beds had been left just as they had been slept in and clothes were strewn all about. On the floor I found a letter from her husband, away fighting, to their small son, bidding him be good and brave and look after his mother, for he was the master of the house now. It all hurt very much. As I had found the thrill of war, so I found the horror. It is not the senseless waste of life on the battlefield, but the misery of those who suffer and cannot hit back; it is the qisruption and the disappearance in an hour of all that life has held dear. To see Armentieres burning from end to end; to struggle along the road amidst the mass of refugees carrying on their backs all they had left, with the terror of the Germans behind and above them ; to see them drop an.cl die at the roadside or go mad under the strain of it all - that is the true agony of war. Yet there was gold in the black. I remember how in Lille I went up to the convent of the Little Sisters of the Poor to find beds for some refugees. I knew one of the sisters well-we used to give her odd parcels of food for her kitchen. She said she would help if she could ; but, meanwhile, would I like to see over the convent? This with the city in imminent danger of capture. So round we went, through the .laundry and the sewing-room and on to the balcony, where the old men were sunning themselves. I asked her what she thought of it all, and didn't she want to get away? ' Oh, yes '; but there was so much to do here,.and God was good; and if the Boches came that was a cross to bear and she would be all right ; but perhaps I could take the Reverend Mother (aetat. eighty-seven) somewhere in one of my lorries, because she was rather feeble. I '11 wager that that sister is still there now-and probably making the Germans contribute to the care of her poor!

In Laventie orders came for us to move S.E. of Cassel and report at advanced G.H.Q. when we had found a suitable location.

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It was a nightmare drive; we had to avoid Armentieres, and that meant using little unmapped country lanes; but somehow or other we found ourselves the next morning (May 27) where we should be. Ah, what a lovely morning was that ; I stood on the high ground and looked east over the Flemish hills to where the sun was coming up, and everything was shimmering blue and silver; the darling buds of May were whispering in the wind, and the dew caught and flung back a million points of light. Suddenly the war didn't matter; I knew once again Âˇthat there were still 't hings beyond our spoiling, and that, although the devil was loose in the world" he could not control the magic of that dawn for one little minute. Back in the world again, I started to look for billets and garages. I went round with a very elderly forefather of the hamlet, who was frightened in case the Germans came. I said they wouldn't-and at that moment a stick of bombs dropped quite close. He fell into a ditch, shaking all over. I said it was probably just a stray 'plane and we went on. All the women were frightened too: did I think the Boches would be here? ' Madame,' I replied, ' nobody has ever seen me within twenty miles of a Boche; so while I'm here you rieedn 't worry ; I 'm much too fly for that.' Oh, foolish youth; at that minute up rode a dishevelled but othe.rwise nonchalant_artilleryman on a bicycle. ' Good morning. Do you know that brother Boche is four kilometres down the road with some tanks? ' We did not, so we decided to find out. A quick reconnaissance showed us that it was all too true, and I was despatched to G.H.Q. with the news and a thirst for instructions about our ne xt move.

While I was at G.H.Q., news was sent that our company was moving through Cassel and I was to go back and show them the new location. I was as frightened as I could be, without falling over! Cassel was now b eing shelled and bombed-a hospital in the main square 'r eceiving the attention of the German Air Force. It was a maddening sight: about sixty or seventy of our own lorries in one long line trying to get through the very narrow Porte de Dunkerque: ambulances and guns trying to cÂˇo me the other way: an unholy muddle in the centre of an unholy bombardment, when to stay still for more than half a minute was to ask for trouble. Fear made me flu en t in invective and I surprised even myself. The long convoy started moving; as we reached the main square I saw one of our corporals lying dead in the road, his face smashed by a shell splinter; he had stopped for just a minute and got out of his lorry. The chances df war are very slight: he would have b een all right if he had stayed in his cab. I had to leave him where he was: the

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R.A.M.C. would do whatever could be done-they were doing mar: vellous work in spite of it a ll. So with a short prayer I said goodbye to him.

The first time I heard a bomb coming down I felt, as everyone does, that it was meant for me. I would crouch in my ditch, wishing I was half the size, and feeling that the small of my back presented a terrific target ; later I got so tired that I don't think I cared very much, which is all part of God's mercy . For instance, at Dunkirk the beach and mole were being regularly shelled, and we could almost see the shells pitching; but I was so damnably weary that it didn't seem to matter. I laugh now, as I think back, becauseÂˇ even then, when the bombing was particularly bad, I used to dive for the sand and try to dig myself in fiat; and sometimes I quaked and chattered with fear, cold and hunger combined. I have been in some nice ditches in my time: one very soft and sweet and lined with daisies : how I loved it ! Our new location was utterly hopeless-right in the middle of a fiat plain, with an artillery battery taking cover under the only trees for miles, but none the less receiving considerable attention from the Germans . We wasted some hours trying to hide what could not be hidden, and in the end it was decided to move north to Hondschoote, where perhaps we could turn round and organise. As it turned out, there was never a chance of this, for a ll roads no1 th were choked with traffic making for the sea-the news of the evacuation reached most people before us. When we got to Hondschoote we were told to leave the lorries a nd march to the coast. I went into a cafe and begged a large jug of boiling water and brewed some tea and served it out to some of the men ; my batman got out my sleeping sack for me, and with that sole item of kit I set off. We reached the coast at Bray-Dunes, about ten miles east of Dunkirk, and, since I could not find anyone who knew anything about a nything, I decided to go into Dunkirk itself for instructions. I got a lift in a truck. Dunkirk was a terrible sig ht: nearly everything that would burn was afire: the station looked like a doll's house that a wanton child had set alight. Circumstances had left N. (another Aularian) and me with about 120 of our men and several odd collections who had attached themselves. Off up the beach we went, shedding men into small boats whe!'e we could ; we got about a mile and reached a p0int where the whole of the B. E. F. seemed to have come to a halt.

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Then the bombing started again, worse than before; we all took to the dunes, and as I lay there an idea came to me. It was to split up into sfuall parties, each under an N.C.O., and go round the back of the dunes to a rendezvous where we could form up again and march down into Dunkirk as though the town Âˇbelonged to us. I told the men that I thought it was our last chance of getting home together, and that, if it did not work, it would be best to split up and try our luck independently. I asked N. to go on ahead to a spot I pointed out to him and then started sending away the parties at about five-minute intervals. My sergeant and I came last; and we all met again within ten minutes' walk of the beginning of Dunkirk promenade, about three miles from the Mole. We formed up in threes and marched down as bold as brass on to the beach in the darkening evening. I tailed on to the unit immediately in front, and passed back word to the rear that, if any awkward questions were asked, we belonged to so and so and that our serial number was ten. The procession started. Officers came down the line and told us to march until we found a ship and get into it. All so simple - if it worked. Thinking it over, I cannot make up my mind whether it was sharp practice or not. We had been on i:he beach for three full days and nights - as long as anyone ; and nobody seemed to . be observing rules of priority at all. The beach seemed to be a mass of units, each trying to get ahead of the next and none waiting its turn. As a matter of fact, it did not work, though it helped. Dawn found us within 200 yards of the Mole-but no ships.

Now there was nothing to do but wait: we dropped in our tracks and went to sleep on the ramps of the Mole - to be awakened. and . Âˇ cursed once more, this time with reason, for choosing so exposed a site. By now the Germans had begun to register on and about the Mole with a section of field guns, and it wasn't healthy. So I posted a runner to find out when our serial number came up, and we moved back on to the beach. Nothing happened, as the lo.ng day spun itself out. Once the men became restive - they had been disappointed so often. I came out in my true colours as the acid schoolmaster I really am. In an ill-constructed but bitter speech I told them that I was fed up to the teeth and that all the worrying in the world would have no effect on -bombs and guns, and would they, please, shut up. If they wanted to do something useful, they might pray: I had no doubt

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from my knowledge of them that they were sadly in need of it, and the world most certainly was. The dignity or otherwise' of my remarks was somewhat impaired, for, as my peroration died away , I slipped and fell backwards over a sandhill ; but my words had the desired effect and we all had anotheJO little sleep . Eventually our turn came to embark: we formed up and set off down to the Mole in good order. Half-way along a naval officer was stationed, looking as though he had just come out of the barber's. I saw his hand go up and down ; the men shouted : ' 'E wants you to double up, sir,' and with a last despairing groan I broke into a double or shambling half-trot. By now we could scarcely stand, let alone run. So, to the accompaniment of riotous cheering from the crews of the various ships moored alongside, we doubled up to our ship, H .M .S. Anthony, and got aboard . I had a last look at the beach where I had seen great men and small men, courage and fear, madness and humour_, inefficiency and stoicism.

Dover, and all the winking searchlights and signals: how I trod the hard earth and marvelled at it. I felt wonderfully fresh; spoke to some of the men at the station and said goodbye ; got into a train bound for I knew not whither; felt my head sinking on to my knee~; and went to sleep: Q.

AN AULARIAN MONITOR HE handsome two-handled si lver cup which is passed round as a loving-cup at dinner on St. Edmund 's Day and on other festal occasions was given to the Hall in 1701 by three Aularians, White Kennett, subsequently Bishop of Peterborough, Lilly Butler, and Josiah Woodward, to commemorate their inception as Doctors of Divinity in the previous year. .I n his time, the last-named of these donors exercised a wide and beneficial influence through his zeal for religion, education and the reformation of manners. He was actively connected with various religious societies formed in the reigns of William and Mary and of Anne for the furtherance of these objects. The devqted work of men like Dr. Woodward have their lasting memorial in the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge .and the S?ciety for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, founded in 1697 and 1701 respectively. The character that he had with his contemporaries is well indicated in the account given of him by the Rev. William Newton, the

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE biographer of his friend, Bishop Kennett: ' He was exemplarily pious, and set himself with uncommon Zeal and earnestness, to promote the great Design of Christianity, or the Interest of true Religion and Virtue, both in his publick Preaching, and private Conversation. He highly favoured the Religious Societies, and encouraged the settin~-up of Charity Schools for the good Education of poor Children, as the best Means of making the next Generation better than the present. He was eminently zealous for the Protestant Religion, and the Protestant Succession, at a Time when they were thought by many serious Persons to be in no smalf Danger. He was strictly regular and conformable to the Rules of the Church in all Publick Administrations, though, in private Life, fr:iendly and obliging to those that differed from it.' * From 1689 to 1711 \i\Toodward was minister at Poplar, which was then a chapelry maintained by the East Ind ia Company in the parish of Stepney. Poplar owed its growth and importance to the expanding activities of the East India Company, which had there its docks, its shipbuilding yards and its warehouses. It is not surprising that in such surroundings \Voodward should have exhibited a lively concern for the welfare and safety of his country at a time when her p~ace and liberty and that of \!Vestern Europe were being menaced by the insatiable ambition of Louis XIV. Woodward was, indeed, an ardent patriot, and when war broke out, he expressed his abhorrence of the treason and divisions at home that impeded its conduct, and urged the claims of loyalty and religion in an outspoken sermon which he delivered to his congregation on Decembe1Âˇ 3, 1693. This discourse was subsequently published under the title, 'The Great Duty of Love and Faithfulness to our Native Country occasion'd by the coolness of some in its necessary defence, and t_he forwardness of others in pushing on its ruine.' But if Woodward was ardent in his patriotism, his ardour was tempered by a strong conviction that those who would defend their country against aggression, and not least those who take up arms in that defence, should be at pains so to order their own lives as Âˇto make their country's cause commendable to God. When the War of the Spanish Succession broke out in 1701-the year in which he and his two Aularian contemporaries made their present to the Hall- he wrote a tract entitled 'The Seaman's Monitor: wherein particular Advice is given to Sea-faring Men, with reference to their Behaviour before, in, and after their Voyage,' to which was appended a few prayers for their use . This was shortly followed by another "W. Newton, The His(ory and Antiquities of Maidstone, pp. 69-7x.

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trad from his pen, entitled 'The Soldier's Monitor, being Serious Advice to Soldiers, To behave themselves with a just Regard to Religion and true Manhood.' It was dedicated to the Duke of Marlborough and published and distributed by special command of Queen Anne. He also wrote a short Address to the Officers and Seamen of Her Majesty's Royal Navy, which was included as a supplement in later editions of 'The Seaman's Monitor.' New editions of both Monitors continued to be published, under the auspices of the S.P.C.K., until 1776, when the eighth edition was issued by H.M. 's special command. The historical relevance of these tracts in the present national emergency emboldens me to reprint here the text of his Address to the Officers and Seamen of the Royal Navy. It is written with dignity of phrasing to which time has given an added distinction, and in its appeal it is certainly no less opportune to-day than when it was first written. W .e may be certain that if Dr. Woodward were still a Monitor among us," he would reiterate the hope that he exc pressed in equally critical times 'that the sweet Enjoyment of Peace may at length return to the Christian World, by the fixing of just Boundaries to the Common Enemy, who pretends to a Right to make Kings and Chains for other Nations, and to impose them according to his meer Pleasure.' A.B.E. AN ADDRESS TO THE OFFICERS AND SEAMEN IN HER MAJESTY'S ROYAL NAVY. Since the English Nation is supposed to excel all other in Strength and Glory of her Naval Power; It would be the greatest Pity in the World, yea, the sadest Neglect, should English Seamen, especially those in the Service of so Pious a QUEEN, be found wanting in the Principles and Practice of Religion and Virtue; which are the best Equipment as well as the noblest Accomplishment of Men. And indeed, the Want of this would render all other Warlike Preparations vain. Offences against the Great God of All, will enfeeble all Humane Strength, and tarnish its brightest Glory. For it is not in the Power of the greatest Armies or Fleets, unbless 'd by God, to make us Safe or Happy. Except the LoRD keeps the City, (said a very great General) the Watchman waketh but in vain. (.hai.cxxvii. I.) And it may with greater Reason be applied to an Open Nation than to a Fenced City. That except the LoRD vouchsafes to be its Keeper, the Seaman and the Soldier will watch and war but in vain. So that it is manifestly the first Principle both of Civil and lvfartial Policy, that all possible Endeavours be applied, to secure

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the Favour oi ALMIGHTY Gon, who is the King of Nations, the Generalissimo of all Forces, and the sole Governour of the World. Now it bath pleased God to declare to all Nati_o ns, in his Holy Oracles, on what T erms He will be their C01Jen ent-Ally and Defender ; and if they act contrary thereto, will be their Enemy and their Terror, Namely, That He will be with them, while they be with Him; And if they seek Him, He will be found of them: But if they forsake (or neglect) Him, He will forsake them. (II Chron.xxiv.20, Jer.xviii.7.) And it is contrary to the common Reason of Men, as well as to the Declarations of the Will of God, to imagine that God will honour those who despise Him, or that He will fight for those that fight against Him. So that your good Behaviour, Gentlemen, is the great Concern of the whole Nation : And the Publick Welfare, as well as of your own Souls, ought to constrain you to the devout Worship of God, and a serious Regard to all his Commandments. You are those who guard our Wooden Walls, and garrison our floating -Castles ; and if you miscarry in your Post, we are undone. With what earnest Affection therefore ought each of you to pray to God daily, for his Grace and Blessing? And with what religious Care ought you to watch over your selves, that no prophane Speech or immoral Behaviour offend his Infinite Majesty? Considering both the temporal and eternal ill-consequences of your Sins. And as for us, in whose Defence you adventure your Lives; We shall not cease to beseech Almighty God, to guide all your Motions by the honourable and blessed Rules of Wisdom and Virtue. May no Voice of prophane Swearing or obscene Speech be heard among you: May no Excess of Wine or Passion betray you to any Indecency or Enormity. But, on the contrary, may a Noble Zeal for.God, and the true Love of your Religion, your Sovereign, and your Country, inspirit your Minds and Hearts in all brave and becoming Actions . May Her Majesty's Excellent Proclamations and Pious Orders concerning the Regulation of Her Seamen be impartially put in Execution by Her Honourable Officers ; and be punctually observed by all Persons concerned therein, whether Commanding, or under Command. May each of Her Majesty's Ships of War be so regularly and peaceably ordered, that it may appear to be a Sanctuary of Devotion, a School of good Discipline, and a Nursery of virtuous and valiant Men: to the Glory of ÂˇA lmighty God, the Honour of our Holy Religion, the Satisfaction of our most Gracious Queen, and to the Renown as well as Safety of our Nation. That so our Good God

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE may, with Honour to his Holy Name, appear for you ; and make both his Winds and his Seas to serve your Interests, and to fight for you, to the Confusion of your Enemies. And to this end, I pray you to consider, That as you can have no reasonable Comfort in your own Minds, or in any Dispensation of God's Providence, w ithout the solid Grounds of God's Favour; so will this tend to embolden you in a ll Dangers, to support you under all Difficulties, and to give you Satisfaction in all Events. Moreover, do but consider, How highly reasonable and becoming every thing is that our Bless ed Religio n requires at our Hands. For the whole of it is no more, but that we deport our selves as it becomes reasonable Beings, that are created and redeemed, preserved and governed by God: who both gives us the Aids of his Grace to do his Will, and will reward us eternally for so doing. This is so reasonable , that if you act contrary to it, your own Reason and Conscience must condemn and upbraid you; and so you kindle a previous Hell in your own Breast: And you can find no tolerable Ease nor Quiet there , except it be thro' Infatuation and Hardness of H eart. Wherefore, Fear God and keep his Commandments; for this is the whole Duty and Interest of Man : This will make yo u Happy in Life and Death, and to Eternity. 0 know, how blessed it is to serve God. It cannot but be our greatest Honour, Comfort, and Advantage, to serve the Greatest and Best of all Beings; the Supream Lord and Judge of All; who is able to. save or destroy for ever. And, on the contrary, such inconceivable Majesty cannot be provoked, or so much as neglected, by us, but to our eternal Loss and Confusion. We must therefore live by these Maxims, or we shall rue it for ever. I speak as to those that have the Power of rational Fore-Thought and Deliberation : And I would mind such as overlook their Spiritual Concerns a t the present, that they will assuredly look back upon them with unspeakable Regret in the Agonies of a woful Eternity. But may you all in this yo ur Day , know and follow the things which m ake for your Peace with God, and the Comfort of your Immortal Souls. And I pray God grant you his Grace, and bless you with a ll desirable Victory a nd Success. Amen.

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DUNKERQUE-PLAGE T was Sunday, May 26; our regiment of medium artillery had travelled all through the previous night from close to Saint Omer to Stavele in Belgium: we were very tired, despite some snatches of sleep during the daytime, and were glad to turn in. But scarcely had we fallen asleep than we were woken, told to pack up and were put aboard a lorry full of ammunition. The Germans, we were informed, were only four miles away; but none of us knew what was really happening or where we were going. There seemed to be a good deal of traffic on the road. We had to stop several times to let other convoys pass. Then, after an extra long halt, we 'were told to dismount with all our kit. vVild rumours were flying around, that we were going into action as infantry again, or that we were going on leave. Then came the report that all equipment was being destroyed and all lorries were being driven into the canals. We were amazed and began to realise that something extraordinary was afoot. We halted in Stavele for perhaps an hour, waiting until our officers had found out where we were to go. Here we learned that we were not far from Dunkirk, and, indeed, could see the flickering light above the town. At last we moved off again, along a road. by a canal to another village, about two miles away. Here we were put into a farm, already full of Belgian soldiers. We had to sleep where we coul.d : I spread out mrground-sheet and blankets under a cart and slept from half-past one to about five. \i\T e stayed at that farm all Monday, for any column on the road would have been bombed and machine-gunned. Even so, a German 'plane machine-gunned the farm once at least, and all around us were continual air-raids. I noticed that whenever German aircraft were close by, the sails of a neighbouring windmill went round. Our only rations that day consisted of half a dozen Army biscuits, washed down by champagne and red wine found in an .abandoned lorry. Hour after hour we watched clothing, motor tyres and equipment of every sort being thrown out of British lorries into the canal from one bank, only to be retrieved by Belgians on the other. At about six o'clock that evening, tightly packed shoulder to shoulder in a few lorries which we had found not yet destroyed, we began to make trek towards Dunkirk. At one point we were stopped because a lorry full of 290 lb. shells was on fire, and a:t

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another we had to make a detour to avoid a second blazing ammunition truck. Eventually we came to a place where numbers of lorries had been abandoned. There we had to leave ours and begin marching. We marched in two files, one on each side of the road, as a precaution against air attacks. It was now growing dark, and out to the north we could see fire and smoke from the oil tanks at Dunkirk. Occasionally away to our left we heard sounds as if shells were flying through the air, and from time to time we could see a parachute-flare hanging over the town . We marched on, turning westward, into country full of ditches and floods, and came upon the defence lines that the B.E.F. was to have held, if it had, not advanced into Belgium. We were in France again. We turned and twisted, now this way, now that. Other troops were coming on the same road as we were: one unit became intermingled with another: Engineers, Artillery, Infantry, all moving in one direction, to the sea. On we marched, plodding along an everlasting bleak, rough road, running through dead flat country which seemed more uninviting than ever in the dark. Ahead of us was the glow from Dunkirk shimmering up into the night. At length we came out on to a straight raised road running between a mighty sheet of water, which we thought to be the sea, but which rriust have been the floods loosed round Dunkirk. The road was lined all along without a break with lorries, wireless trucks; motor-cycles, workshop vans, R.E. bridge-building sections, here and there a Bren gun carrier : thousands and thousands of pounds worth of equipment. Half-way we were_held up by a block of troops, where a lorry had broken through a temporary bridge and everyone must needs climb over the lorry to get across. It was already dawn when we straggled into Bray, bordering on the sea, ten miles east of Dunkirk. After we had halted for a drink of water, we moved out along another raised roadway beside which lay piles upon piles of canned food, chocolate, cigarettes, tinned milk and a two-gallon jar of rum (this was not wasted). After a halt for breakfast among all these discarded supplies we pushed on to a stretch of heath close by and lay down to sleep. We had been marching since ten o'clock the previous day, and the Artillery is not used to marching. An hour later a lorry came and took us in relays to a point where we crossed a canal, partly by a bridge, partly by a plank. From there we wandered up to the dunes above .the sea, to find that we were still six or seven miles away from Dunkirk. Here in the dunes

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we stayed all Tuesday, lying in trenches that we dug. The' boompa-boomp-a-boomp-a ' of the French A.A. guns was incessant, and at less frequent intervals came the sharper boom of larger guns. This chorus, with the noise of aircraft and, later, the . rattle of machine-guns added to it, dinned our ears all day for the next three days until we left France. V\Te were a motley crowd on the dunes, for every unit of the Army seemed to be represented. We were comparatively well off, for there was tinned food laying about in plenty; and a mist prec vented the German aircraft from operating effectively. Then rain came and drenched us to the skin. At about 4.30 in the afternoon our regiment received orders to get down on to the beach, ready to embark. There was a heavy drizzle that evening; it was as though someone had painted over the whole scene with a grey wash. On the beach there were thousands of troops, now marching, now queuing up, now just waiting. :pestroyers, trawlers and all kinds of vessels were lying off shore. We waited till nightfall without any signs of getting off, for we were near the end of the line. When the boats returned for ·a second load, we queued up again expectantly; but we were pushed hither and thither, until at last we were taken up into the dunes again; where we fell asleep. I awoke at about five o'clock in the morning (Wednesday, May 29). It was bitterly cold. A great black pall of smoke from the burning oil-tanks hung like a thundercloud in the sky. Again they began to march us about, backwards and forwards along the beach : other troops passed us : and always we seemed to be unfortunate. As soon as we got to a place where men were being embarked, the boats pushed off: and we moved on elsewhere, to meet the same luck. I managed to pick up sorrie tins which provided a . few of us with breakfast. Water was almost unobtainable. The lack of organization eventually resulted in a terrific scrum of thousands -of troops, for, as was natural, everyone crowded in the direction of the ships. Just then, however, someone evidently began to take charge : units all received numbers : some were 'told to embark at the mole, some from the beach. But after we had waited for some while· on the beach we learned that our unit would not be taken off there, as it .was too big. And so with a good ·deal of grumbling, for we had seemed near to getting off that time, we moved _up to a queue which lay on the beach in several well scattered columns, two or three miles away from Dunkirk.

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. ·· It .was· as well that we were scattered, for it was a brilliant sunlit day, a perfect day for bombing as it turned out. Luckily the German airmen did not attack us on the shore: perhaps they thought that they would get us late r when we got on board ship. That afternoon they seemed to be coming over all the time. On one occasion ten British fighters arrived as seven or eight German bombers came over the beach: they made off at once with our fighters after them. A few minutes later there occurred the most tremendous raid of the whole afternoon. The German bombers did not seem to worry about the A .A . fire : they dived down and looped up, and dived down again on the harbour and the ships lying off the shore . There was a big cumulus cloud over the town, and in this the bombers hid. And as I lay on the beach, pressing down as flat as I could, and watched their amazing aerobatics, · I got to know where they would a ppear from behind that cloud to dive shrieking down on to their target , until, as they dropped their bombs, they pulled out of their dive and swooped upward behind the cloud again . I could see the three bombs as they dropped from the machine fall with an unpleasant whistling and splash into the sea, making the whole beach quiver as they exploded. Sometimes s ingly, sometimes in droves, they cam e over until nightfall. On occasions the attack was sudden ; on others an old biplane with British colours came over and drew the A.A . fire. Yet, even if the A.A. fire disturbed them a little, they did not seem to worry. That day_ I saw a destroyer hit and five or six merchant vessels full of troops, one of which burned all through the night until it was completely gutted. I saw many other ships nearly missed by bombs, including a clearly marked hospital ship. By now our battery had become separated from the rest of the regiment and somewhat depleted, as some fellows had managed to g et aboard ships independently. vVe stood for a long time at the foot of the dunes while parties of 50 were allowed to go forward . \Vhen dusk feU, we were formed up into threes agai n and kept on the go all through the night, now stopping for a moment, now moving on, now making a long halt. I was dead tired, and every time we halted I lay down and slept until our column moved on again. At dawn we found ourselves by some houses facing the seafront leading into Dunkirk, and there we stayed all Thursday. For a little while we moved a'iong the sea-front, but as there v.rere frequent air-raids we were · constantly taking cover in the d~nes. 'At ·length we were _told to dig slit-trenches · ih the sand. Later each unit was given a number and allotted .a strip of beach

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from which it was to embark. Sentries were posted by each unit to ;;ee that its own strip was not gate-crashed. About two o'clock news came that ships were coming in, and again our hopes revived. We queued up once more, and a third of our battery got off in rowing boats -to a paddle steamer before we discovered that we were trespassing upon another unit's pitch. As the day grew clearer, enemy bombers appeared again, and that shiB left .. .So we sat down on the sands and waited for another. Meanwhile thousands of French soldiers were marching past along the edge of the sea below us. They peopled all the dunes where we had spent the morning. Again ships began to appear very tantalizingly in the distance. At last, after many disappointments_, a cruiser came close in &.nd began taking men off : but, for some naval reason, she decided to move along two miles or so nearer to Dunkirk. All troops on the beach, therefore, were formed up into a huge column, perhaps 10,000 strong, which began marching along the shore to the point where the ship was anchored. It was becoming dark now, and, as it grew darker_, shells began to fall on the town, to which we were by this time quite close. When one shell screamed by unpleasantly near, we fell flat on the wet sand. As we were moving up to the head of the column we could hear from seaward mysterious nautical shouts and the noise of ship's boats taking men off. But again the shelling started, and again they decided to take us elsewhere. We were marched on, now splashing through pools, now on dr:y sand along the foreshire. We passed what seemed to be a stone pier, and continued on until we came up against a huge wall stretching down to the sea. Here we halted : it must have been about one o'clock on Friday morning. Then the shelling started again : one fell in the sea with a terrific splash : other shrieked past and seemed to fall without exploding. But suddenly, right on the wall, so it seemed, in a great flash a shell crashed down right in front of us. For those of us, at any rate, who were at the head pf the column this was too much : we turned and retraced our steps. All over the beach little groups of men were hailing ships that they could discern lying off the shore, some of which proved to be stranded vessels. The whole of our battery by now had disintegrated into little groups of two or three. I wanted to get back to the comparative safety of the dunes before lying down. At last I got to a place where no F~ench were, and was about to go to sleep when I saw a queue on the beac:h leading â&#x20AC;˘down to the water by some ships. They were British, and

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were embarking from rowing boats in an orderly fashion on board trawlers, paddle-boats and other odd vessels . I felt I must try and find the rest of the battery and let them know of these ships, but could only find one officer and two or three of the men. On getting to the queue we found fifteen others of our battery. It was now daylight, about five o'clock in the morning. We all felt hopeful, for we were near the head of a small column in which units no longer mattered much, and there were plenty of ships; and even if the sea was rougher, ropes had been put put from the ships to the shore to guide the boats to and fro and to give- men standing in the sea something to hold on to. As the tide was rising, men had to be taken off more slowly; Soon those in the water who refused to retrace their steps were up to their necks. The beach was made up in a series of ridges, so that when at last these men were forced back they had to swim through deep water between the ridges, and on ·reaching the shore they lay down utterly exhausted. As it neared high tide_, the sea grew too rough : boats were overturned and several nasty acCidents nearly took place. Further embarkation was postponed until the tide turned. As I was thirsty, I took my water-bottle back to the houses on the front to get it filled. Everywhere were French soldiers-eating, sieeping, piling into boats so that they almost capsized them, and threatening to fight in their efforts to get away. I could no longer see any British troops about, except t·w o A.A. gun crews. A crowd of French soldiers was going towards a house with their waterbottles, so I went with them. I got among the first of the queue, and a French soldier went in and began filling the bottles out of a can through a window. - I put my water-bottle on the sill, but he went on filling the bottles of his compatriots who were standing behind me , and only when the owner of the house also produced a can did I get my bottle filled. I tramped back along the shore. All by the water's edge lay strewn the wreckage and flotsam of bombed ships : tins of army biscuits, rifles, bayonets and one or two Bren guns among it. Oil covered everything, and clogged one's trousers as one waded through the water. Eventually I got back to a queue on the beach. Presentiy ·some naval vessel sent in two flat-bottomed, rectangular boats, one end of which dropped down. They had AL C painted on them and were obviously intended for landing troops. They were anchored by a long cable stretching out to sea so that they should not become stranded : Even so, as the tide went out, one of thetn did go ashore. When the first drew near the shore a number of men madly scrambled for it_, not giving it a chance to come

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE m as close as it could; some even swam to it. Nothing would stop the wild scramble; but luckily even the swimmers were got aboard, and the ALC drew off to a trawler. It was our turn next. We watched the AL C longingly as it lay by the trawler, wondering why it was so slow. Our officer who had collapsed the previous evening turned up again, having recovered after a night's sleep. He formed us into a chain so that we should get aboard in turn without any rush. And then, standing up to our knees in the sea, we waited for what seemed like hours, but in reality was perhaps thirty minutes. We could see the AL C alongside the trawler unloading : it seemed as if it would never leave the ship. But at last it put off agairi. No rushing or swimming this time. When it had come in as near as it could, we paddled out up to our waists through the wat.e r in single file, holding hands, until we reached the AL C and were hauled up or clambered as best we could on board. Then it began to draw out to the trawler, as we heaved on to a rope. Everyone was feeling terrifically happy. At last we were out of France. We should be in England by evening. It was about 10.30 when we scrambled aboard the trawler. The hold was packed with soldiers asleep on the iron deck. I took out some clothes which I had managed to keep dry in my haversack, and, after changing into them and eating a few biscuits, went up on deck. With some difficulty I found a corner in the bows, sheltered from the wind. There I must have slept heavily as I leaned up against the side of the vessel, for I was told later that the trawler's Lewis guns had been fired several times: yet I never heard them. When I did wake up, the cliffs of Margate were in full view. Round us lay several other vessels, waiting to tie up to the pier; but there on the shore were English houses and English cliffs and peace. We put alongside another vessel which lay against the pier and scrambled across her. To our relief there were buses to take us to the station. While we waited for the train we were given tea and biscuits and apples by the A.F .S. At all the stations at whiCh we stopped we were give more tea and more cakes, so that by the end of our journey through the night into Derbyshire we could eat no more. What amazed us most was the way the people treated us: we all seemed to be little tin gods. Even the military police were pleasant. It was, I suppose, people':s way of expressing their delight at the arrival of every new contingent that had escaped from France to be able to fight again for them and for England'.

J. w.

KING.

l:!O

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BOOK REVIEWS Under this heading there are noticed or reviewed recently ,published books or articles that possess a special A ularian interest due to their authorship or to their contents. We shall be glad to ha路ve such books or articles brought to our notice. jrGsA.w. By H. A. Wilson. 8vo., pp. 183. 3s. 6d.

A. A.路 Mowbray & Co. Ltd., 1940.

WITH THANKS. By H. A. Wilson. Co. Ltd., 1940. 8vo., pp. 189. 7s. 6d.

RECEIVED

A. R. Mowbray &

Father Wilson of St. Augustine's, Haggeston, himself one of the best-known mission priests in the Church of England and a uotable preacher, has certainiy made his parish a household word among Christian people in the past few years. His. five slender volumes abou t Haggerston, attractively illustrated and unconven-, tionally arranged, packed with vivid sketches of the impact of religion on ordinary fo lk, fearlessly dogmatic in teaching .and also buoyantly appreciative of everything human_, have succeeded in lifting the ragged curtain which conceals the East End from the more complacent half of Christendom. They have portrayed the -descendants of the Tractarians at work in London's slums, in a world more pagan and .more democratic than the Tractarians', preaching the same Faith and employing the same methods, armed perhaps with more gaiety and lightness of heart, but also with the same austerely passionate devotion. Easily readable and full of irrepressible humour, they have inspired thousands of hearts, and some hundreds of sermons too. To this famous company Jigsaw must now be added. It conforms to the same pattern and displays the same attractive virtues as its predecessors, being like them a hotch-potch of anecdotes and sermons, personal reminiscences and homely parables, and intimate vignettes which reveal a deeper understanding of the jigsaw-puzzle of life than the modest compiler admits. Father Wilson selects for description a few typical incidents in his parochial round, yarns aloud with his friend and hero Father Pollock about clerical 路 work in the severer days before the Great War, regales us with a characteristic . course路 of Lenten addresses, and narrates, with a host of skilful touches, the spiri.tual pilgrimage of a Cockney Cavalier. One -of the fT!OSt fascinating items, not contributed by himself but obviously owing a great deal to his oversight , is a series of eleven

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unvarnished accounts of a day's work in Hackney; they come from . the pens of eleven very varied members of .St. Augustine's congregation, ranging from a night-taxi driver to the male housekeeper of the clergy-house. The book is simply written, with a gift for story-telling which lures one on, and its special message is throughc:ut kept in the foreground and never lost sight of, that the dullest life , spent in the drabbest environment, can be transfig ured and g lorified by continual contact with God. Received with Thanks is a very different book, a little off the author's customary beat. Its character is more personal, for it presents the reader with illuminating pen-portraits of six clergy who have profoundly influenced Father Wilson and for whose friendship he feels peculiarly grateful. Two of them, Bishop W eston of Zanzibar and Father M ackay of All Saints', Margaret Sfreet, were outstanding leaders in their day, but the others are representatives of the hard-working rank and file of the clergy; the author was brought into contact with them at different stages of his ministry. Nothing like biography is attempted, and the unsympathetic might complain of t he almost uniformly uncritical, heroworshipping tone of the acco unts ; but of course Father Wilson was deliberately selecting features of his six subjects which impressed him and won his admiration, Besides, his idola try ·is tempered by an unfailing sense of humour. A mass of interesting information, private and public , grave and gay, about the personalities and achievements of the Anglo-Catholic movement in its hey-day is embodied in this book. But probably its chief value and fascination, at any rate for those concerned about the Church of England, lie in the wonderful example of faithful priesthood which it puts on record. The fact that the ordinary nameless clergy of the Church have been men like these, single-hearted and devoted, unswerving in charity, integrity and faith, is an inspiration to their successors. Jigsaw, like all the other Haggerston books, has a large number of excellent, sympathetic drawings by Clare Dawson, and in .Received with Thanks there are foll-page photographs of all the s ix priests for whom thanks are given. J.N .D.K . ENGLISH SCHOLARS. By D avid C. Dougfa"s : London, Jonathan Cape, 1939· 8vo., pp. 38r. . l5s. net. The antiquary and the archi~ might well be thought not to offer promising materia l for the biographer. Professor Douglas has notably disproved any such a·s sumption in his lively portrayal of 'the learned group of worshipful men' who between 1660 and

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1730 laid the foundation of English medieval studies. Living as they did in an age when momentous religious and political issues were at stake, these men were largely stimulated in their zeal for learning by their strong conviction of the relevancy of their labours Lo the burning problems of their own time. ' To these scholars,' as Professor Douglas points out, ' the sense of the past was the foundation of wisdom, and the English past in particular the prime object of their devoted study. A dominant characteristic of English medieval scholarship during the seventy years which followed the Restoration - perhaps, even, the chief reason for its remarkable progress -was the close inter-relation which then existed between historical research and the problems of contemporary life.' The scholars of whom Professor Douglas treats· include two Aularians - Humphrey Wanley and Thomas Hearne, both of whom entered the Hall in 1695. Wanley became the protege of Dr. Charlett, and migrated to University College, of which his patron was Master: but Hearne spent the whole of his life within the walls of the Hall . The admirable portrait which Professor Douglas gives of Hearne - none better has been attempted - is based on the article which he wrote in 1935 on the occasion of the bicentenary of Hearne's death and which was published in the Magazine for that year. A.B.E. THE BURNING ORACLE. By G. \i\Tilson Knight. Oxford University Press, 1940. 8vo., pp. 292. r2s. 6d. Professor Wilson Knight here attempts to trace through the works of six writers (Spenser, Shakespeare, Milton, Swift, Pope, and Byron) a theme which is hardly worked out enough to bear the weight of a book of this length, and which, as treated here, becomes a rather fitful trickle through deep margins of interpretative undergrowth. His theme is the balance of religious orthodoxy with sexual sympathy, and in his conclusion, 'Christianity and Eros,' he claims that ' historically we have watched the interplay of materialistic with innate, or spiritual, forces. Shakespeare holds a balance; Milton tilts it one way, Swift, in scorn, the other. Pope in an attempt to inject a new positive through a virulent personal and impersonal attack, and Byron in his greater plays and Don Juan , cut out directions of the highest importance' (p. 289). Aga!in, ' in the study of the poets here grouped lies the germ of a new,· psychological, social, and religious reconstruction. For that simitltaneous manipulation of personal, family, social, natural, and cosmic: forces that makes the Shakespearian or Byronic artist so t:ower· above those whose attempts are more limited is the only true,

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because c_o mprehensive, realism, and .may be felt further as a condensation of the wider problems in actuality of personal, national, and international action ' (p. 291 ). Professor Knight's' interpretative' method, previously confined to Shakespeare, cannot be said to secure the same success when the field is widened_, as it is here. Unless the subject has the greatest vitality in itself, 'interpretation ' as distinct from ' criticism ' is apt to produce ordinariness. There is much that is worth while in The Burning Oracle. The essay on Milton, ' The Frozen Labyrinth,' contains fine bits of work, especially in the examination of what Professor Knight calls his more sensuous achievements. There is truth in his conclusion that ' all that Milton touches tends to exist in stony separateness ' (p. 87) ; and few will disagree with him when he says that Milton is an extreme instance of the danger which arises ' wherever we find a poet, or critic, laying too final an emphasis on verbal, or linear, poetry, or even on paragraph movements or whole short stories, as distinct from the marshalling and manipulation of imaginative substance . . . since often the very excellence, indeed the seemingly stiff integrity and organic cohesion, of certain passages or of short poems, may be won through a willed rejection of those more far-reaching and romantic energies that constitute the poetic challenge of Pope and Byron' (p. 290). In the most important essay in the book, ' The Two Eternities,' there is some good interpretation of Byron's Marino Faliero and Sardanapalus, and the examination of his sun symbolism 1s as good as the "best of Professor Knight's previous work. K. HARDACRE. Tms SCEPTRED IsLE. Shakespeare's Message for England at Wa~. By G. Wilson Knight. Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1940. 8vo., pp. 35. ls. net. The basic merit of this little book is that its author has never allowed it to become simply a selection of Shakespeare's patriotic rhetoric. Nor ' is it, on the other hand, a technical examination of such jewels as Âˇ the speeches of the dying John of Gaunt or . of Henry V before A.gincourt. In a work never designed as _a literary criticism, Professor Wilson Knight has kept perfectly within the bounds of his sub-title. His suggestion that the more sonorous at least of the passages quoted from the poet's work should be read aloud even to oneself is too timely to require comment, and the thesis that will strike the reader most forcefully is the author's insistence on this age's deficiency through its loss of imagination.

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So,rne _historians may cavil at the assignment of the opening of English nationhood to Elizabeth's reign, but Professor Wilson Knight, in what is much more than a series of apt quotations, has vt:ry largely succeeded in showing, in Shakespeare's view, what England is, how she should act, Âˇwhat she must oppose and what she stands for. But more important than this, he interprets for present needs the message which Shakespeare's great lines contain. 'We need,' he writes, 'something bigger than ourselves, to which we can go for wisdom and power; something which .is nevertheless our own deepest and most royal selfhood, as men and women, as a nation.' In this essay, Professor Wilson Knight, by so happy a presentation of a body of poetry pointing inexorably to the high destiny of this country in the future, has himself begun to fill the need he speaks of; and the wide popularity of the first edition of this essay is a testimony of his success.

BIZET. By Martin Cooper. 1938. 8vo., pp. 136.

GEORGES

D. DUNGAN.

Oxford University Press,

It is invariably with reluctance that I start to read a book the title of which is no more than the name of a composer. There an so many such books. They are nearly always unsatisfactory : they either attempt too much and achieve little; or they attempt little, and achieve nothing except boredom in their readers. Mr. Cooper's monograph is an exception. His tlook is short, but it is well-balanced. His musical criticism is not profoundly original (what lasting criticism is?), but it is very far from being grossly second-hand. Briefly, Mr. Cooper's objects are to build up a picture of Bizet's character, and in the light of this to form some estimation of the aims, significance and influence of his compositions. In the first, he succeeds admirably. His extracts from Bizet's letters are few, but they are well-chosen; and the author clearly shows that the charge of being a careerist, so often made against Bizet, is ill-founded. M~. Cooper sums up the position well: 'He (Bizet) was obliged to live by his music, and he could not afford entirely to disregard popular taste . . . . The great works of all time are not created, as a rule, by these sensible, pliable characters : but it is wrong to dub them as cowards and traitors to their art.' Mr. Cooper then proceeds to trace Bizet's musical development to its culmination in ' Carmen.' This is perhaps the least satisfactory part of the work. The author occupies himself too much with

ST. EDMUND H ALL MAGAZINE over-detailed accounts of the stories of the operas, and his musical extracts are not so well chosen as those from Bizet's -letters, nor so illuminating as he intends. But at least he stresses the importance of Bizet's earlier operas, if only as a training and practical exercise; and these lessons_, when learned, were to be of immense value in allowing Bizet to produce his great and fully mature work, 'Carmen.' For 'Carmen' really was a culmination, not only of Bizet's development, but also of the development of lyric ope ra . It was, however, not merely a work in which the basic characteristics of lyric opera were fully absorbed, but also one whose influence is to be found in works so different as Moussorgsky's 'Boris' and Puccini's ' Bohea.' By treatment of the voices alone, Bizet succeeds in revealing his characters; above all, Carmen, whose passion and fickleness are portrayed by the way her rich voice changes according to the nature of the person to whom she sings. The orchestra does not reflect nor tell us what is passing in the minds of the characters : it suggests intuitively; and at the most dramatic moments its effectiveness li es in its silence . If Mir. Cooper does not perhaps sufficiently emphasise these details, few will disagree with his conclusion : ' '' Carmen '' set a new fashion in opera, a fashion for directness and economy, almost for brutality of state-ment, and for realistic or " powerful ' themes, which had hitherto not yet appeared on the operatic stage.'

N. G.

LONG.

JULES VERNE. A Biography by K enneth Allott. The Cresset Press, London, 1940. 8vo., pp. xvi+ 283. 15s. We have all of us read more or less deeply, in our younger days, in the engaging fictions of Jules Verne. Few of us will have fai led to keep a soft spot in our hearts for this amiable pioneer in the realm of the scientific thriller whose work, although seasoned with a truly Gallic gift for light satire, makes no pretence at plumbing the muddy depths of psychology and is equally innocent of those pedantic sociological prophecies to which the Wells school is addicted . Here is a most entertaining and vivacious biography, well documented - Verne's productivity was stupendous, as Mr. Allott's bibliography shows-but with its material ably handled so as to make this well-presented volume, complete with attractive illustrations, eminently readable. But it is more than a biography: the novelist's life and career are carefully shown forth against the general background of nineteenth-century civilisation. Mr. Allott's desire to interpret 'that

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.age, with its dual and incoherent mania for industrial progress and romanticism, has indeed tended to convert the book into a comprehen.s ive discursus on the nineteenth century in all its main · aspects - scientific, philosophic, political, economic, and literary. This fact, while giving extra value to the work as a biography of a very representative man, at the same time perhaps arouses the slightly uncomfortable impression that the incomparable Jules leaves the footlights for too long intervals so that his biographer may set the scene for his next number. Sometimes even the author's resolve to keep in touch with the general atmosphere of the times makes his pages read like a series of annual chronicles, and apparent non-sequiturs are .not absent, as for example on page· 174, where we read: 'The last quarter of the century began. A quarter of a million men were working on the railways in Great Britain. Newnham College was founded. Gilbert and Sullivan ... rivalled Moody and Sankey as entertainers in London .. Thousands of souls were saved. "My life is full," wrote Jules Verne.' Also, in his analyses of such phenomena as the scientific, the mechanical, and the romatic mentality, Mr. Allott appears to be grappling with too many data, running too rapidly over long and complex perioas of history, and yield ing to the temptation to make amusing though specious contrasts and rapprochements. Nevertheless Mr. Allott has defended his method of treatment and exposition in an introductory chapter, and throughout shows that he knows where he is goingi and what he wants to do. The book is an attractive one, and is well worth possessing, since it reveals an alert and critical mind whose judgments may not always command agreement but are invariably stimulating. H.J .H. 1490-1940, IN THE LIBRARY OF J. R. ABBEY. Edited by G. D . Hobson. Privately printed at The Chiswick Press, London, 1940. Folio. £6 6s. od.

ENGLISH BINDINGS,

Mr. G. D. Hobson., in this most handsome volume, descriptive of the very choice collection of English bindings possessed by Captain J. R. Abbey, has given full play to his unrivalled knowledge of the subject. It is of. particular interest to note here that he has drawn attention to the fine work of an Oxford binder, Roger Bartlett. Among fourteen examples of Bartlet's work that he has been able to identify-three of them are in Captain Abbey's collection - he includes the Book of Benefactors of the Hall. The binding of our Book of Benefactors instituted by Stephen Penton, Principal 1675-84 1 was illustrated in the issue of the Magazine for

SL EDMUND ljALL MAGAZINE

1923 and in_ my account_ of the Chapel and Library published in r,932. We owe it to Mr. Hobson's researches that we now know the name of the biµder of this beautifully bound Book of Benefactors and are able to compare it with . other specimens of the same binder's elaborate workmanship. In 1_6 74 a copy of Anthony Wood's Historia et Antiquitates Universitatis Oxoniensis was presented to Cosimo III, Grand Duke of Tuscany, on the occasion of his visit t.o Oxford. vVood records that it was richly bound by Bartlet for the sum of £1. Examination of this volume_, which is preserved in the Biblioteca Nazionale at Florence, has resulted in Mr. Hobson being able to identify thirteen other bindings by Bartlet, particulars of which he now gives. He enumerates in detail the distinctive characteristics of tooling and design that are common to these bindings. A.B.E , HANDBOOK OF THE D AVID LIVINGSTONE MEMORIAL MUSEUM. Com. . piled by ~r. V. Brelsford. Government Printer, Lusaka, N , Rhodesia, 1937. pp. 169. There are few museum catalogues which are interesting reading in themselves. This is one of the exceptions. The Livingstone Memorial Museum at Livingstone, Northern Rhodesia, contains important ethnological collections illustrative of the history and cultural life of the native peoples within the Territory. Northern Rhodesia has already proved to be rich, too, in archae\)logical sites that repay investigation for the light they throw upon the ~arly history and distribution of the human race. Prehistoric finds so far made are well exemplified in the collections in this Museum. Brelsford has described the great variety of exhibits contained in these collections in such a way as to give a realistic picture of the craftsmanship and culture of the tribes that compose the native population of Rhodesia. He also appends to each section a useful list of bibliographical references . The handbook is illustrated by seven admirable linocuts. A.B.E. THE CHRISTIAN IN A vVORLD WAR. By the Rev. E. R. Welles. Ammidon & Coy._, Baltimore, Maryland, 1940. pp. 18. 10 cents. \Vhen war broke out Edward Welles was on a visit to England in response to an invitation to undertake a series of preaching engagements. The sermon that he preached in Westminster Abbey on $unday, August 27, on the eve of the declaration of war, together with extract~ from three others delivered in the United States, form a very timely booklet. · These sermons , strong in their

ST. ED.MUND HALL MAGAZINE

Cl)ristian conviction, present a vigorous plea for co-pperation and sacrifice as earnests of Christian sincerity. On more than 0 ne occasion Edward Welles has boldly told his cpngregations in the United States that when world peace is threatened there is nothing splendid in isolation : 'It's petty, it's short-sighted, and it's unchristian -for God bids us all to be brothers.' In another sermon he takes an equa lly firm line on the subject of pacifism and joins issue with the pacifist statements put out by certain leaders of religious opinion in his own country . A.B.E. A CHURCH OF ENGLAND PocKET BooK. For men and women on active service. Compiled by W .W.S . .M. S.P.C.K., London , 1940. zd. TEXTS AND VERSES,. For men and women on active service. piled by W.W.S.M. S.P.C.K., London, 1940. zd.

Com-

In these two little booklets, which Walter March has designed for war-time use, there is provided a very convenient iron ration of spiritual refreshment. Measuring only 4~ in. by 3 in., they can be c:asily slipped into a pocket. Their contents will not be found to grow stale .. A.B.E. FREDERICK GEORGE LEE. A Forgotten Victorian Poet. By Henry _ R. T; Brandreth, contributed to The Poetry Review, May-June; 1940~ Attention is called in this article to the high quality to be found in the religious poetry of a former member of the Hall, who won the Newdigate Prize in 1854. Lee was a voluminous· writer, particula·rly in the field of ecclesiology. In his own day Lee won a considerable reputation as a religious poet, and, as the writer of this article fairly maintains, there are poems of his which deserve to be remembered with those of Aubrey de Vere, R. S. Hawker, and Laurence Dolben as part of the Victorian contribution to the long succession of English religious poetry. A.B.E. THE YouNG COLLECTOR'S HANDBOOK. By E. C . R. Hadfield ;a11d C. H amilton Ellis. Oxford University Press, 1940. 8vo., pp. viii + 278. With illustrations. 4s. 6d. E. C. R. Hadfield, who in times of peace is in charge the juvenile publications of the Oxford University Pres s, has here in collaboration produced an attractive little book which should prove a very handy guide for any youngster who wants· to -knovv whether he is going about his collecting in the right way or is of two minds

ST. EDMUND HALL MAGAZINE

what to collect. . As might be expected, various branches of natural history occupy about half the book. For the rest, there is a wide diversity ranging from stamp and coin collecting to such comparative newcomers as cigarette cards and the films ; I suspect that not a few boys who receive this book as a present from an uncle or a godfather might extract the admission that .the donor had not been able to resist a preliminary perusal. A.B.E. A FRENCH COURSE FOR To-DAY. By K. C. Brooks and H. F. Cook. With illustrations by Edith C. Walto~. J. M. Dent & Sons, London, 1938-40. Part I , rs. 9d.; Part II, zs. od.; Part IIi, zs. 6d. Mr. Cook and his collaborator must have put in a good deal of their spare time during the last three years hammering together this very systematic course, which takes the beginner step· by step up the ladder towards correctness and fluency in French. The authors make no profession of revolution in method, but, whilst sparing the pupil none of those repetitive and corroborative exercises indispensable for the laying of sound foundations, they seek to amuse and excite as well as to instruct him. The i'dea is to' give the boy stuff to work on in which he is naturally interest ed. So the various ' lec;ons ' treat of the lighter side of school life, and by easy gradation take the pupil into the field of 'sport, locomotion, mechanics, aeronautics, etc., and finally, when he has -reached Part III, he is regaled with extracts from the French classics, each of which has a conclusive story to tell. The inevitable d"rill in grammar, phonetic exercises .and memorisation of the basic idioms a re well woven into this pictorial pattern. Miss Walton's illustrations are talented and engaging. H .J. H .

MATRICULA TI ONS HILARY TERM Exhibitione·r; Coulthard, George Robert (Bradford Grammar School). Comrri6ners. Le.e s, Douglas David (Liverpool College). Porcher, Michael Somerville· (Cheltenham College). Vaillant, Julian Harry (Merchant Tayloni' School, Crosby). ·wnson, Derek Hamilton Aitken (Marlborough College). ·

100

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TRINITY TERM Exhibitioner. Rackham, Peter Burke (.~ ulwich College).

Commoners. Dawson, Peter Francis (Denstone College). Slemeck, Roland Hugh (St. Edward's School). Whitehead, John Alexa nder Gordon (Radley College). Woodman, Grey Musgrave (Harrow School). MICHAELMAS TERM Exhibitions : Bridger, James Howard (Varndean School, Brighton). Meigh, Joseph Leslie (Dauntsey's School). Smith, Alexander Percival (Harrow County School).

Commoners . · Bate, Brian Ensor (Coleshill Grammar School). Brain, Geoffrey John Farrer (Leighton Park School). Bull, Jack (Hitchin Grammar School) . Burt, David H atswell (City of Bath Boys' School). Butlin, Dudley Owen (Dean Close School). Chaplin, John Courtney (St. Edward's School). Clark, John Kerineth (Scunthorpe Grammar School)". Date, Richard Mable-y (Eastbourne College). Davidson, Gordon (Carlisle Grammar School): Davys, Michael Gwynne .Douglas (Marlborough College). Dent, Cecil David (University College School)·. Doug las, John Shewell (King William's· College, Isle of Man). Eames .• John H ar ry Alick (Banister School, Southa mpton): Everton, Donald Watkin (Warwick School): Farmelo, Christopher Bertram (Colfe's Grammar School, Lewisham). Goode, Alexander Grenville (Worksop College). Harding, Kenneth (St. Edward's School) . . Hemms, Frank Morgan (Bradford Grammar School) . . Henshaw, James Edward Gorse (Archbishoop H olgate's Grammar School_. York) . Jenkins, David Lawrence Garfield (Dolgelly Grammar School) . Jones, Alan Philip Dalby, 13 . A. (Aldenham School anq._Magdalene College, Cambridge). Keeling, John Beauchamp (Eastbourne College). Kirk; Philip Michael (Bloxham School). Lawson, Andrew Mc Ewan (Mill Hill School).

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101

Micklem, John Niel (Mill Hill School). Mounsey, Charles (Queen Elizabeth's School,, Penrith). Pearson_, Hubert Ellis (Silcoates School, Wakefield). Riley, Jack Lendymore (Holgate Grammar School, Barnsley). Roberts, Trevor Jones_. (Grove Park School, Wrexham). Shepherd, Louis (Wigan Gram~ar School). Smart, Harold Regin ald (City of Oxford School). Smith, Charles Percy (Westcliffe High School, Essex). Smith, Peter James Chalmers (Exeter School) . Sunderland, Geoffrey (Vlorksop College). Swann, Peter Charles (Tottenham Grammar School). Thomas, Lionel Hugh Christopher (Peter Symonds' School, WinchesterY, Thomas, Thomas Ellis (Christ College, Brecon). Vaughan, Benjamin Noel Young, B.A. (St. David's College, Lampeter). Wearing, John Frederick (Whitehaven County Secondary School). West, Geoffrey Derek (Scarborough High School) .

DEGREES December 16, 1939 D. 1\-fus.: E. P. Brice. B.A.:

Rev. A. R. Duncan-Jones.

B.A.:

J.C. Cain, N. J. Strachan .

April 25

M.A.:

R ev . 0. J. Matthews, E. F. A. Suttle.

June

B.A .:

M. J. Howarth, J. S. Tothill.

July

B.A.:

M. R . Larson. W. E. Alderson. W. E. Alderson.

January 18, 1940 February

B.M. :

M.A.: July 27

B.A.:

B.M.:

D . W. Allen, M. M. Hennell, A. J . Lee, N. E. McCurry, J. P. de C. Meade, D. G. C. Salt, M. W. Scott, E. G. H. Turner, B. J. Wigan. J. L Pinniger. · ·

October 17

B.A. & M.A.: Rev. J. N. Keeling (in absence).

November 23

B.A.:

E. M. Carpenter (in absence).

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AULARIAN ASSOCIATION RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS ACCOUNT

for the year ending June 30, 1940 RECEIPTS.

Subscriptions to June 3oth, 1939: Membership Magazine Activities Fund

£ s. d. 241 0 3 10 10 0 22 0

£ 273

Subscriptions to June 3oth, 1940 : Membership Magazine Activities Fund

171 10 8 5 19 3

I I

I l

0 6 198 19

£47 2 10

PAYMENTS.

Aularian Exhibition Fund Henley Regatta, 1939 . .. Magazine Account Aularian Directory Printing and Stationery Postages .. . Balance to be carried forward .. .

s. d.

So 100 IQ

32 2 5 241

s. d. 0 0 0 0 IO 0 4 0 9 0 19 0 8 8

£472 IO 8 ----.AULARIAN EXHIBITION FUND RECEIPTS .

I3ala11ce brought forward Aular ian Association Bank Interest

£ s. d. 267 2 9 80 0 0 3 14 0 £350

- - -- -

PAYMENTS.

Exhibiti ons for Sons of Old Members Balance_to be carried forward

s . d. 25 0 0 3 2 5 16 9

£35o H. C. INGLE, Hon. Auditor. July 19th, 1940.

J.B. ALLAN, Hon. Treasurer. '

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LIDDON EXHIBITION FUND £ Total brought forward since last Investment i'vlrs . T. K. Allen (tenth donation) Rev. J. S. Brewis (sixth donation)

KOL VWELL

f'RESS, A LFRED ST RFET, OX F ORD

s . d.

152

£162