HAOTIAN WU B. ENVS. UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE SELECTED WORKS 2015 - 2018
Preface Architecture is the dialogue between my vision of the world and the built environments. It has never been static as I keep advancing my life and study. The four projects selected represent two of my current interests in architecture. The first is how we architects, as the intellects of creativity, could make our discipline and industry catch up with the pace of the external development, by critically integrating knowledges beyond architecture. The second is how we pursue the beauty of architecture, which I believe is a poetic moment when every concern has been composed harmoniously; it is even beyond the juxtaposition between form and content, order and science.
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Content 01 REACHING FLINDERS Co-programmed Education-Correction Center Semester1, 2018
02 MORPHING MATERIALITY Ceiling Installation Semester1, 2016
03 SUBTRACTION OF ADDITION Multi-use Mid-rise Semester2, 2016
04 EARTH: A PLACE FOR SECRET Pavilion on Herring Island Semester1, 2015
05 ‘GLASS HOUSE’ ANALYSIS Project Case-study Semester1, 2016
06 MISCELLANEOUS
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01 REACHING FLINDERS CO-PROGRAMMED EDUCATION - CORRECTION CENTER Master Studio C, University of Melbourne Semester 1, 2018 Individual Work Studio Leaders: Jorge Ortega & Isaac Chen
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The studio attempted to use a non-architectural approach, the ‘train’ system inspired by the specific site - Flinder Station to solve a speculative architectural problem: co-programming. To co-program a prison and a school, the ‘train cars’ are designed as the extension of prisoner’s boundary to encourage interaction between the special group and the rest of the society. On the other track of the studio, an ancient building technology - flying buttress was studied in terms of both the formal gesture and the geometrical principle to generate the form-finding logic of the proposal.
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Origin
Foundation
Implementation
Vista
1790s
1850s
1980s
2010s
European Settlers
Metropolis
Citizens
Redevelopment
EXPLORE
SPRAWL
GATHER
RECONNECT
NEW WORLD
WILDNESS
CBD
YARRA RIVER
STUDENT
TOURIST
CYCLIST
WHITE COLLAR
PEDESTRIAN
Flinders is the passage between home and school everyday
Flinders is the first stop when visiting Melbourne city
Flinders is the transition between two means of transportation
Flinders is the urban nexus to all the resources and destinations
Flinders is the threshold to the Yarra River and Southbank
PEOPLE MOVING AT FLINDERS STATION
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BEYOND ARCHITECTURE
REALISTIC CONCERNS
Flinders Station is a field of movement, no one and nothing being ever stationary. From the early stage of colonial establishment to the contemporary urban scheme, Flinders has been playing the role of a device of mobilizing. Everyone to be here is reaching something or somewhere, with the system of railway, escalators and tunnels. The architectural significance of Flinders Station is not confined to the area covered by the site, neither to the tourism image of the dome, but on the network behind. The nature of movement empowered this train station with enormous social influence that is far beyond its architecture could mean to create, which inspires the design approach of this project: how a non-architectural strategy, which is the transport system here, could solve architectural problems: programming, circulation and relationships.
The site is assigned to the air-right of Flinders Station, which has not been fully legislated by Australian regulation and therefore the speculation of how to overcome realistic concerns must be conducted before proposing. First of all, such a massive planning in CBD will need to comply with strict statutory compliance such as the height restriction and shadow casting on the surrounding. Secondly, Flinders Station as a both historical and functional body has to be respected and preserved. And lastly, the unreasonable existing circulation breaking CBD and Southbank should be improved to further the mobilization of people. Summarily, turning these complex realistic concerns into design opportunities is one of the main drivers at the early stage of the project.
SUGGESTED 24 METER MAXIMUM HEIGHT
STATUTORY COMPLIANCE YARRA RIVER SHADOW RESTRICTION FEDERATION SQUARE SHADOW RESTRICTION
HERITAGE BANANA ALLEY
EXISTING FUNCTION
HERITAGE STATION OPERATING TRAIN SERVICE
EXISTING ENTRANCE
NS EE QU
. ST
. ST TH BE A Z I EL
FREE PASSAGE UNDERGROUND
CIRCULATION
. ST ON ST AN W S
PAID PASSAGE VIA STATION
SITE CONCERNS ANALYSIS
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CORRECTIONAL CENTER EDUCATION CENTER
STUDY ROOM
SEMINAR
LIBRARY
LIBRARY
CASUAL ROOM
LOUNGE
COMPUTER ROOM
LABORATORY
CINEMA
THEATRE
WORKSHOP
FOOD COURT
CO-PROGRAM CONCEPT 8
ENTERTAINMENT
LEARNING
GROUP STUDY
PRODUCTION
RELAX
library
seminar
laboratory
lecture theatre
lounge
food court
library
seminar
laboratory
lecture theatre
lounge
food court
dormitory & controls
library
study rooms
computer rooms
casual rooms
cinema
workshop
dormitory & controls
CORRECTION
EDUCATION ?
?
?
?
?
?
library
seminar
laboratory
lecture theatre
lounge
food court
library
study rooms
computer rooms
cinema
casual rooms
workshop
library
seminar
laboratory
lecture theatre
lounge
food court
dormitory & controls
dormitory & controls
CONCEPTUAL PLAN DEVELOPMENT
COʊPROGRAM
‘NEW TRAIN’
The brief is to co-program two distinctive sectors - correctional and educational, which challenges the established perception of architectural typologies. This marriage may bring huge benefits as to maximize social resources and help reflect the existing identity of prisoners and students. As inspired by the mobility of Flinders Station, relocating the programs and moving these users may present a new possibility of co-programming, which is beyond the conventional stationary planning and circulation. By studying the adjacency of programs, some potential pairs were generated and displayed on the right page. The purpose is to encourage the mutual nourishment between prisoners and students in an organic system.
The horizontal nature of the site and the mobile potential of coprogramming breed the concept of a ‘New Train’, transporting between the correctional and the educational sectors. The train car is a dynamic extension of cells. Prisoners are moving along within the cars which defines the boundary of their activities meanwhile allowing them to approach people and spaces which can hardly be reached in a conventional scenario. The concept of the ‘New Train’ was developed further to cater for different groups of prisoners and the existing condition on the site, and finally into the stepped section illustrated below.
TEEN CENTER PRISON / SCHOOL
PEDAGOGICAL
MAJORITY PRISONERS
TEENAGER PRISONERS
Repeat the train system as two double-stack cars to fit the site
2.
Detail the categories of prisoners to create a typological hierarchy
EXISTING FLINDERS STATION
KNOWLEDGEABLE PRISONERS
1.
PUBLIC SPACE
‘TRAIN‘
TRAIN 1 (education)
TRAIN 2 (production)
TRAIN 3 (teen)
3.
Divide trains according to three groups of prisoners to in turn create different functional zones on the site
CONCEPTUAL SECTION DEVELOPMENT 9
Г STUDY ROOM
‘CELLMINAR’ +
SEMINAR CASUAL ROOM
‘RE SORT’ LOUNGE
Д COMPUTER ROOM
‘LABOTRAINY’ LABOROTARY
+ CINEMA
‘AUDITRAINIUM’ LECTURE THEATRE
PERSPECTIVE - ‘AUDITRAINIUM’
TRAINS OF EDUCATION & PRODUCTION According to the conceptual section, level 2 and 3 will be occupied by the ‘trains’ of education and production, which respectively respond to the different needs of prisoners in studying and working. These train cars provide basic programs for the prisoners and when slotted into the school, they will be connected with the matching educational programs to generate new co-programs as illustrated on the right. The example above is ‘Auditrainium’ which is co-programmed by the cinema from the prison and the lecture theatre from the school. These two programs function individually when apart and form the coprogram ‘Auditrainium’ when the train from the prison reaches the school, allowing prisoners to have the lecture resource along with students.
Е LIBRARY
‘LIBROUSEL’
carousel system LIBRARY
Ж WORKSHOP
‘REFORMAR’ FOOD COURT / SERVICE
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11
A GYM
SPORTS POD SWIMMING POOL BOULDERING
B CLASSROOM
SCIENCE POD BOTANIC GARDEN MUSEUM
PERSPECTIVE - SCIENCE POD
TRAIN OF TEENAGER Level 1 is proposed for the teenager prisoners who consist a large group of correctional center users, usually overlooked by a generic prison proposal. The co-program for this ‘teen-train’ aims to create spaces for different disciplines such as sports, science, arts and general reading, and when reaching Flinders, the train connects the teenager prisoners with more extensive programs which are only open to the general public during normal hours. The example above is Science Pod, co-programmed by the classroom from the teenager correctional center and the two public programs - botanic garden and museum from the school. This allows the teenager prisoners to make use of those resources during special hours.
C PAINTING ROOM
ART POD GALLERY STUDIOS
D SELF STUDY ZONE
READING POD LIBRARY COMPUTER LAB
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13
INDEPENDENT SERVICE
PLUG-IN BRIDGE
TELESCOPING PASSAGE
MATERIAL MATCH
AUTON
no reac ye
INTEGR
.0
L0 ER AC R R TE
or
lo dF
RL
ju reac
0.0
2n
or
lo st F
RL
0.0
MOBI
1
rea environ
INTER
hum rea hum
PRESENT SCENARIO
GUIDE WHEEL
RAILLESS SYSTEM
SECURITY NETWORK
TRAIN DETAILS & FUTURE UPGRADE The diagram above is a sample of how the system of the ‘new train‘ will work in real life, by dealing with difficulties on 4 aspects: autonomy, integration, mobility and interface. The left drawing shows the present scheme and the right one shows a speculation of the future upgrade. The essence of this system is ‘reach’, which allows people to make use of a space beyond stationary architecture. Regardless of how technologies would advance, the four questions designers should consider for a dynamic architecture are: how a environment reaches another, how a human reaches another, what happens before the reach and what for the moment of reach. 14
NANO-TECH WALL
INFORMATION SCREENING
NOMY
ot ched et
RATION
ust ched
TE RR AC E
2nd
Flo
or
ILITY
nments ach nments
1st
Flo
or
RL 0.0
RL
RL
0.0
0.0
RFACE
man ach man
FUTURE SCENARIO
VERTICAL TRANSPORT
CYBER BARRIER
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TECHNOLOGY STUDY - FLYING BUTTRESS
AUXILIARY OR CELEBRATED Beside co-programming, another track of the studio was to study one ancient building technology and integrate the research outcome into the proposal. The subject selected - flying buttress has been used extensively for cathedrals as an auxiliary device to support the main architectural bodies. However, its beauty of geometry and composition was thought to deserve its own celebration. In the contemporary industry where this old technology became obsolete, there could be a second-life for it created by new knowledges.
ALGORITHM-GENERATED ‘FLYING BUTTRESS’ 16
PARAMETRIC OLDʊCRAFT The diagram below illustrates a simplified parametric sketch of ‘flying buttress’. By controlling the basic geometries and its spatial projection, varying types of ‘flying buttresses‘ could be generated. This exercise inspired the form-finding of this project as to apply the arch section of flying buttress to create train tunnels, and subtract void space from the top for other programs. Algorithms redefined this old-craft and make it into brand-new use for a contemporary proposal.
SCENARIO SKYLIGHT SCENARIO
PLAN PROJECTION
SUNKEN SPACE
SCENARIO ´POD´
´FLYING BUTTRESS´
PEDESTRIAN STAIR
SECTION PROJECTION
´TRAIN´ TUNNEL
FORM-FINDING TECTONIC
SECONDʊLIFE OF FLYING BUTTRESS Algorithm was used to project the form from views of both the section and the plan. On the section, the parameters include the program of the area, the pitch of the staircase and the type of the ‘train’. On the plan, the parameters include the use of the void space, the circulation and the contextual fitting. A matrix of parametric form-finding process is on the following page to illustrate the detailed decision-makings. 3D-PRINT PROTOTYPE 17
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
YARRA RIVER
RAILWAY
TEENAGER PODS
BRIDGE CONNECTION ISLAND
FORM DEVELOPMENT
RIVERBANK
TEENAGER TRAIN + PODS
G FLOOR
ST FLOOR
ANGLED SITE
GATHER VOID roo f
PASSAGE
top
TRAIN TOP PASSAGE VOID SKYLIGHT
PRODUCTION TRAIN + FOOD/SERVICE
EDUCATION TRAIN + STUDY SPACE
ND FLOOR
ND & RD FLOOR
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PERSPECTIVE - PRODUCTION TRAIN
PERSPECTIVE - EDUCATION TRAIN 20
PRODUCTION TRAIN + FOOD/SERVICE ND FLOOR
The outdoor area of the 2nd floor is an archway open to the public, adjacent to the food court and the student service areas. When the ‘production train’ reaches, the space becomes the ‘Reformar’ which is for students and the public to purchase goods or service from prisoners
EDUCATION TRAIN + STUDY SPACE ND & RD FLOOR
The double-height space across the 2nd and 3rd floor is for the pedagogical program, which also generates new co-programs such ‘Auditrainium’ and ‘Labotrainy’ when the ‘education train’ reaches. The voids on the ceiling provide huge skylights and when the train is away, the rail becomes an open atrium.
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BOND ST.
FLINDERS ST.
REMAIN EXISTING
5
FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
7
7 8
6
EXISTING EXIS TING NG RAI RAILWAY LWAY WAYSS
9
8
9
9
8
1a
2a
1b
2b
BANANA ALLEY 7
9
1c
2
7
YARRA RIVE
R
BOND ST.
MASTER PLAN - 1st FLOOR
FLINDERS ST. 7
7
9
10
1a 2c 2b 2a
5
2c 2b 2a
1b EXIS XISTING XIS TING RAI RAILWAY RA LWAY WAYSS
11
12
12
6 4b
BANANA ALLEY 7
7
YARRA RIVE MASTER PLAN - 2nd FLOOR
22
R
4a
4b
4b
4a
ELIZAB A ETH ST T. CLOCKTOW CLOC KTOWER KTOW ER E ENTRY NTRY
G USE
REMAIN EXISTING USE
PLATFORM
10
10
1a 1b 1c 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 3c 4a 4b 4c
Bouldering Gym Sports Pod Swimming Pool Museum Science Pod Green House Studios Art Pod Gallery Computer Lab Reading Pod Library
5 6 7 8
Prison Admin. Prisoner Center Cells Prison Control
2c
3a
4a
3b
4b
3c
11 PLATFORM
4c
EXISTING EASTERN CONCOURSE
9 Retail 10 Admin. 11 Security
ELIZAB A ETH ST.
PLATFORM
SWAN SW ANST STON ON ST.
PLATFORM
10
10
10
3a
REMAIN EXISTING USE
1a 2c 2b 2a
2c 2b 2a
3b
3a
1b
4b
4b
4a
4b
11
13 4b
4a
4b EXISTING EXIS T EASTERN EAS RN CON NCOUR CO SE
Seminar Cellminar Theatre Auditrainium Laboratory Library Librousel Train Workshop Train Kitchen
5 6 7 8
Prison Admin. Prisoner Center Cells Prison Control
9 Storage 10 Admin. 11 Security 12 Food Court 13 Student Service
SWAN SW ANST STON ON ST.
13
1a 1b 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 4a 4b
N
0
25
50
100
23
PHYSICAL MODEL 1:500 (LONG-TERM EXHIBITED IN MSD BUILDING)
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REACHING FLINDERS In order to overcome the urban discontinuity by the railways between the CBD Hoddle Grid and the Yarra riverbank, efforts have been made over times, the most iconic of which is the Federation Square opposite to the Flinders Station. On the urban scale, this proposal also means to patch the break. The ‘flying buttress’ provides the city with a massive piece of landscape that people can climb and go over the railways below. As the photo above displays, viewed from the Southbank, the form indicates a gesture of ‘reaching’ to invite pedestrians from the opposite side of Yarra River to embrace the city behind. Reaching Flinders is not only for mobilizing architecture in the co-programming but also for the more extensive group of urban users, with a synthesized language of form and content.
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02 MORPHING MATERIALITY CEILING INSTALLATION Studio Air, University of Melbourne Semester 1, 2016 Collaborate with Chao Feng & Guanjin Chen Tutor: Finnian Warnock The brief of the studio is to design a parametric ceiling with timber veneer for a 4m x 6m meeting room. Considering the prescribed material and parametric tool, a bi-directional design method is applied where the microscopic material study and the macroscopic form-finding are conducted simultaneously. Experiments are carried out between the top-down and bottom-up trajectories to seek an outcome which bridges the material tectonic and the dynamic form. After some alterations, this project was physically completed at the end of 2016. The construction footage is available via the link below: https://vimeo.com/209532486
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TECTONIC STUDY 1 - EXPERIMENT
Manual 40 1.5
1.8 0.8 80%
0.03-0.4 Bezier 0.1
Internal cone to counteract the deformation of external large cone by the stiffness of grains in two directions
ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE BY FLAT CEILING
Strip pattern to reduce the stiffness of bent area which is along the grain
ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE BY CONE CEILING
The tectonic inspired by Skylar Tibbits’ VoltaDom was chosen in the first module for case-study because the brief was specific in using timber veneer as the material for the installation. The ‘cone‘ as a developable surface was considered with high constructibility and its acoustic effect was preferred for an office ceiling.
The physical performance of timber veneer is determined by the grain direction and deformation FORM & MATERIALITY
During the parametric iterations, materiality was taken into account along with aesthetics for a higher constructibility. Due to the uneven distribution of timber grain, an internal cone and a pattern of strips were designed in order to counteract the deformation of the rolled cones. The real difficulty happened on the connection between each modules as timber veneer is not a material suitable for stitching or gluing. This gave a lesson that detailing and connection should be considered at the early stage of design. SKETCH MODEL
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1/3 20 0.1-0.9
Tessellation Variation
Dimension Variation
Core Variation
Pattern Variation
Grid Point Number Base Diameter
Base Diameter Cone Height Globe Area
Hole Size Mapper Curve Extruding Core
Pattern Area Strip Number Pattern Size
square 60 2
2 0.1 100%
0.02-0.05 linear -
1/1 40 0.8
hexogon 80 2
2 0.6 100%
0.1-0.2 linear -
1/3 10 0.8
Diamond 40 2
1.8 1 100%
0.03-0.4 Bezier -
1/12 6 0.8
Random 40 2
1.5 1.2 100%
0.01-0.6 linear -
1/3 2 0.8
Random 20 2
1.5 1.5 100%
0.01-0.6 Bezier -
1/4 8 0.8
Random 100 2
1.8 0.8 80%
0.03-0.4 Bezier -0.5
1/4 20 0.8
Random 20 1.5
1.8 0.3 60%
0.03-0.4 Bezier 0.3
1/4 8 0.3-0.9-0.3
Random 60 1.5
1.8 0.6 40%
0.03-0.4 Bezier -0.3
1/4 8 0.8-0.3-0.8
Random 100 1.5
1.5 1 20%
0.03-0.4 03 Bezier 0.1
1/2 20 0.2-0.9
Manual 40 1.5
1.5 1.5 5%
0.03-0.4 Bezier 0.2
20 0.1-0.9
Parameter Mixture Random Random Random
ITERATION DEVELOPMENT MATRIX 29
TOPOLOGY STUDY 2 - PROPOSAL
1. Against Grain / Single Curve
This bending effect is flexible and provides more manual control, can be simulated by interpolate curve.
2. Against Grain / Double Curve
This bending effect is also flexible and has a sense to softness and fluidity. But the curve simulation is not precise.
3. Along Grain / Single Curve
This bending effect is stiff but has a sense of tension and strong expression of grain, can be simulated by blend curve.
Upward Push (mm)
Upward Push (mm)
Timber bend reaches normal
12.3 12.0 12 11.8 11.1
10.7 10.5 10.1 9.9
10.1
8.7
9.0
7.5
7.6
5.5
Upward Push (mm)
Timber bend reaches normal
Timber bend reaches normal
12.7 12.5 12.3 11.5 10.5 9.5 7.5 6
5.8 2 0
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
Compression Length (mm)
0 0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
Compression Length (mm)
0 0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
Compression Length (mm)
TIMBER VENEER BENDING TEST
MICRO: TECTONIC Learned from the previous experiment, the new study started with materiality analysis for a better understanding and simulation of its bending nature. It was found that when twisted, timber veneer appears a diamond shape which could reconstruct any surface. This new topology not only reflects the tensional beauty of the material but more importantly provides a high flexibility for the macroscopic form-finding.
1.
‘DIAMOND’ TECTONIC 30
Reconstruct surface as a diamond grid
MACRO: MORPHING With the highly flexible basic modules, a macroscopic form was generated according to the setting of the site - a glass meeting room and the prediction of user’s behaviors. The approach is to morph the surface from three views - top, front and side. The entire process was parametrized to enable a flexible adjustment to the form. Both visual and functional factors were concerned
2. Adjust the grid offset based on the surface complexity
3. Adjust the curvature of panels based on material performance
TOP MORPHING
collision
overlapping
swirl
trimming
nuance
fusion
FRONT MORPHING
SIDE MORPHING
tapering
lifting
MACRO FORM-MORPHING
PERSPECTIVE IMPRESSION 31
PROTOTYPE 1
The first prototype used the backing structure to clamp veneer panels which turned out to be not ideal. Also, both the structure and joints were too rigid and overwhelming in terms of the form. The successful part is the accurate simulation of timber bending, which presented a nice curvature.
JOINT 1
FIXING SYSTEM 1
overwhelming structure
32
pin system √
×
incomplete cover
loose clamping
JOINT 2
FIXING SYSTEM 2
material curvature √
rectilinear joints
PROTO
×
×
3d print pins
×
visible joints
×
×
single lock on each panel
×
organic joints √ light-weighted structure √
TYPE 2
The second prototype upgraded the joints to an organic form and started using a pin system to fix the panels. The major problem was the expensiveness of 3d-printing all the uniform pin joints which should be fabricated in bulk to lower the cost
FINAL PROTOTYPE
The last version of prototype already had a precise control of the timber veneer curvature to present the beautiful tension and shine. All the joints are hidden well behind
Aluminum clamps replaced the 3d-print ones to reduce cost. The challenge is to improve its elegance for the final product.
33
FINAL DETAILS
bondek anchor system
Panel Clipping System
Suspension System ‘gripple’ loop end polypropylene washer brass clip
chicago screw carbon fiber rod
Node System
embedded index
holes for hooking
Veneer Panels Organization a1
carbon fiber rod
52
a1
52
etched index pre-cut holes grain direction
CONSTRUCTION WORKFLOW em dded index embed
algorithm to generate hundreds of joints
embed the index numbers in the joints
pprepare for industrylevel bulk 3d print le
54 55
11. 3d-print Joints
56 57
connect joints according to digital template
SAMPLE OF 3D-PRINT LAYOUT
graain direction e unroll all the surfaces and prepare index 22. Structural Rods pre-locate eyelets for installing
layout along grain for lasercut
install panels according to the digital index 3. Timber Panels
SAMPLE OF LASERCUT LAYOUT 34
IMAGES OF FINAL OUTCOME DETAILS
35
IMAGES OF THE COMPLETED INSTALLATION
36
37
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03 SUBTRACTION OF ADDITION MULTIPLE-USE MIDRISE Studio Fire, University of Melbourne Semester 2, 2016 Individual Work Tutor: Hamid Khalili The site is located on the periphery of Melbourne CBD where heritage buildings are overlaid with future high-rises. The project aims to criticize and reconstruct the perceived typology of the brick buildings from the past and make the users reflect their living pattern in the future urban context. The design started from a vertical addition of three concepts - ‘village’, ‘temple’ and ‘hill’, respectively representing the three sectors from the brief: the residential/office, the therapeutic and the public. In the further development, the addition of the three concepts, with the facade made of brick, is subtracted to create a continuous internal spaces which induces people’s movement. People explore in the ‘hill’, mediate in the ‘temple’ and communicate in the ‘village’.
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SITE
FLAGSTAFF GARDEN
34 Floors
38 Floors 15 Floors 14 Floors
Melbourne CBD
28 Floors
15 Floors
pitch angle: 3
SITE CONTEXT
WHAT IS LACKING The site is on the fringe of Melbourne CBD, a corner of the busy Spencer Street and contrarily very quiet Batman Street. Although not fully developed yet, the destiny of this area has been decided by the urban planning scheme: a bunch of office and apartment towers by 2030. The site section illustrates the existing rigid floor-and-lift system which defines users’ life pattern. This observation inspired a critical reflection on the current urban development: what typologies users really eager for and whether a new architecture can transform rather than follow the existing patterns.
BRIEF INTERPRETATION Beside the site analysis, the programs in the brief were studied and experimented in two layouts - homogeneous and directional. By diagramming and modeling, the hierarchy and adjacency were found and a concept followed to group programs into three categories - ‘village’, ‘temple’ and ‘hill’ which respectively represent different functional sectors in the brief. This addition of three concepts also responded to the findings from the site: people need somewhere to communicate, somewhere to mediate and somewhere to explore.
SPENCER ST.
Terrace Guest Suites Shared Facilities
Cleaner Rooms
Seminar Rooms
DSIG Secretariats
Multi-functional Rooms
µ¾º¿ºÄÅòźǶ Ȳ´¶
Motel
Ȳ´¶
¶¿Å²½ Ȳ´¶Ä
VILLAGE
communicate
TEMPLE
mediate
Reading Lounge
BATMAN ST.
Therapeutic Center Consultation Room
HILL
explore
Baalcony Staircase
Spa Suite
Information/Receptions Public Facilities Restaurant
Gallery
Retail Shop
Cafe
Baalcony Entry 1
Balcon nyy
Pedestrians
FROM SITE TO PROGRAMMING 40
Balcony Staircase
Entry 2
Program Analysis 1 homogeneous
Generic Public
Therapeutic Center
Motel
OďŹƒce/DSIG
Program Analysis 2 - directional -
Generic Public
Therapeutic Center
Motel
OďŹƒce
DSIG
41
42
- physical -
- spiri
HILL
TEM
itual -
MPLE
- communal -
VILLAGE
43
VILLAGE
MOTEL SUITE
5th
OPEN SPACE
MOTEL SUITE OFFICE
MULTI-FUNCTION
4th
LOUNGE
TEMPLE
OFFICE
BATH SUITE
SEMINAR
BALCONY BALCONY
3rd BATH SUITE
CONSULTATION
BALCONY READING
MOTEL RECEPTION
BALCONY
HIL ILL
BALCONY
2nd
BALCONY
RESTAURANT
PUB
BALCONY BALCONY
1st
GALLERY
G SPE NC ER
ST.
BA TM AN
ST .
RETAIL
CAFE
MOTEL / OFFICE THERAPEUTIC COMMERCIAL OPEN SPACE
CONCEPTUAL EXPLODE DIAGRAM 44
PROGRAM EXPLODE DIAGRAM
‘VILLAGE’ - COMMUNAL GARDEN
‘TEMPLE’ - STAIRCASE
‘TEMPLE‘ - BATH SUITE
‘HILL’ - BALCONY & STAIRS 45
2a
1 Cafe 2 Retail Shop 2a Retail Storage
There are four major groups of programs specified in the brief - office, motel, therapeutic center and commercial (retail & restaurant). The addition of the three concepts reorganized these programs, grouping office and motel together into a ‘village’ on the rooftop, perceiving the therapeutic center as a ‘temple’ where the journey of bath and reading will be experienced, and arranging continuous staircases across the lower commercial floors to create the openness and green space for a ‘hill’.
3 3a 4 5
Restaurant Kitchen Pub Gallery
6a 6b 6c 7a 7b 7c
Motel Reception Cloak Room Motel Lounge Therapy Reception Waiting Room Consult Room
2
2a 2
2a 2
9 Bath Suite 10 Reading Lounge
G
11 Multi-function 12 Seminar 13a DSIG Secretariat 13b Office 14 Lounge
ADMIN.
STORE.
15 Motel Suite 16 Cleaner Room
9
N
3rd
Motel Gu Cleaners
‘VILLAGE’
5th Floor
Multi-func DSIG Sec Facility Seminar Staff L
4th Floor
Therapeutic
‘TEMPLE’
Therapeutic Re
3rd Floor
Motel Re
Therapeutic Ce
Therapeutic Con
2nd Floor
‘HILL’
Batman Street +0.50
Restau Gall 1st Floor
Ca Retail S
Ground Floo
46
Car P Loadin Basement
MECH. 7c STORE.
7a
3a 3
7b 6b
6a
1 5
4 BATMAN ST.
6c
SPENCER ST.
1st
2nd
MECH.
STORE.
MECH.
15 13a 13a
14
16
13b
16 15
9 10
12
15
12
15
15
11
15
4th
5th
uest Suites s’ Rooms FFL +18.50
MOTEL / OFFICE
ction Room cretariats y Office r Rooms Lounge
FFL +14.80
c Spa Suites
eading Lounge
FFL +11.10
THERAPEUTIC
eception
enter Reception
nsultation Suites
FFL +7.40
urant lery FFL +3.70
afe Stores
BALCONY & STAIR Spence Spe nc r Stre nce Stre t et e +1.00
or FFL 0.00
Park ng Bay FFL -3.70
47
The form of the proposal was developed from the initial addition of the three concepts to the essential movement behind and eventually to a subtracted cube. The purpose of this formfinding is to integrate the conceptual design into the surrounding and utilize some contextual material such as brick. During rationalization, some parts of ‘subtraction’ were developed into a rotated brick facade. The rotation and openness are decided by the programs behind and the sunlight condition.
REVERSE
PERSPECTIVE IMPRESSION 48
ADDITION
MOVEMENT
SUBTRACTION
RATIONALIZATION
HORIZONTAL VENT
Workiing with operable windows, allow w the natural ventilation in maximum
CORED BRICKS
Featured rotated bricks function as shading STEEL CONNECTION
FACADE SYSTEM DETAIL
Fixed to concrete slab, leaving 600m mm width of maintenance space
ROTATION
OPENNESS
ROTATION CURVE
OPENNESS CURVE
ROTATED BRICK FACADE GENERATION 49
04 EARTH: A PLACE FOR SECRET PAVILION ON HERRING ISLAND Studio Earth, University of Melbourne Semester 1, 2015 Individual Work Tutor: Scott Woods
50
Starting with three exercises each focusing on different topics and techniques, this studio analyzed the relationship between architecture, human and the earth. The design was synthesized by three stages of spatial experience: upon the earth, beneath the earth and above the earth. The journey through different experiences with emotions evoked is the ‘secret’ of the proposed pavilion, which is a special requirement of the brief.
51
MODULE 1 - DIAGRAMMING
The studio started with three individual modules with different topics - frame & infill, plane/point/line, and mass. A diagram, a physical model and a hand drawing were respectively asked for to represent the concepts for each module. Meanwhile, the theme of the entire studio is EARTH, with the site situated on Herring Island which is a small quiet isolation on Yarra River, 6 km away from Melbourne CBD. The diagram of Module 1 was meant to challenge the definition of frame and infill and the conventional duality between them. The model of Module 2 attempted to explore the transition between a plane, a line and a point. And the drawing of Module 3 showed the shading effect on angular masses.
frame & infill
MODULE 2 - MODEL MAKING
During the three exercises, a consistent logic was found that each module could represent a relationship between an object and the earth. Plane/line/point could be originated upon the earth plane, mass could be heavily buried beneath the earth and frame & infill could be floating above. This spatial logic drives the following development to create a continuous experience for a user who goes through all the three phases and eventually find the ‘secret’, which is required by the brief, the dialogue between human and earth.
52
MODULE 3 - HAND DRAWING
frame? infill?
FRAME
&
INFILL
ABOVE the EARTH
frame or infill ?
frame of the infill ?
PLANE / LINE / POINT UPON the EARTH
M
A
S
S
BENEATH the EARTH
53
CONTEXT MATERIALITY
timber translucent glass only allows silhouette to be seen
doorway to the stair hidden in one of the pillars
ccorten tee
width idd of o entry ry onlyy allows l for oone ppe person s to go through hrr once c
a sunken space for peopl people to have rest
stone
tunnel to the underground space hidden on another slope
AXONOMETRIC OVERVIEW 54
MODELS OF THREE COMPONENTS
55
2
C B
A 1
PLAN 1 - OVERALL
C B
3 4
A
PLAN 2 - UNDERGROUND
C B
5 6
A
N
PLAN 3 - FLOATING CELL 56
1
cur iou s
enlightend
6
illu
SO
N
AB OV Et he
hold
5
ER
tres
SE
ATH
the E
OR
th
eP
i
A RT H 3
silence
lo
NE
F CR ET
ld hho tres
nd bl
st
BE
ing
2
OPLE FOR PE RET SEC
ch ar
EARTH the ON UP
climbing up spira l sta irs
d
se
go dow n alo ng tun nel
ne sio
H RT EA
4
1 - curiosity
2 - threshold
3 - blindness
4 - silence
55- threshold
6 - enlightenment
A JOURNEY TO THE SECRET 57
SECTION A
SECTION B
SECTION C 58
SECTION MODEL 1:100
59
05 ‘GLASS HOUSE’ ANALYSIS PROJECT CASE-STUDY Construction Design, University of Melbourne Semester 1, 2016 Individual Work Tutor: Ray Cheung The case-study ‘Glass House’ is a multiplefunctional center for local football clubs located in Collingwood, designed by Croxon Ramsey Architects. The axonometric drawing and the 1:20 physical model display a 6m x 6m section of the building with construction details. An exceptional design requires sophistication in construction to deliver the final outcome and this case-study is an excellent example. It can be seen how a composite cladding system is applied to conduct the symbolic angles, how the wide-spread trusses are laid to create an unobstructed interior space and how glass panels are supported by slim steel columns and mullions to erect the ‘Glass House’.
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SOIL GENERAL RELATIVELY FLAT // CLASS H: HIGHLY TO EXTREMELY REACTIVE // BATTER SLOPE 1H:1V NOT EXCEEDING 2H:1V FILL DRY // HARD // ANGLE OF REPOSE: APPROX. 1:2 1A. SANDY GRAVEL(GP) 300-500MM 1B. SILTY CLAY/CLAY(CL) 180-350MM COODE ISLAND SILT MOIST // STIFF // ANGLE OF REPOSE: APPROX. 2:3 2. SILTY CLAY(CH) 160-310MM RESIDUAL SOIL MOIST // STIFF // ANGLE OF REPOSE: APPROX. 1:1 3. CLAY/SILTY CLAY(CH) 200-230MM NEWER VOLCANICS BASALT MOIST // STIFF// ANGLE OF REPOSE: APPROX. 8:1 4A. BASALT BOULDER 40 -160MM 4B. BASALT REACHED BEDROCK // BEARING CAPACITY: 5000KPA // SHAFT ADHESION: 500KPA
PA RA PE T
-1 4.7 5
UNDERGROUND WATER NOT INVESTIGATED PERHAPS BECAUSE OF THE LOW PERMEABILITY OF CLAY; WATER EXPECTED DURING CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERING THE PROXIMITY TO YARRA RIVER
TH
FOOTINGS
SO
U
5. BORED PIER DIAMETER 400MM // MINIMUM SOCKETING LENGTH: 1400 MM TO MODERATELY WEATHERED BASALT // END BEARING CAPACITY: 5000KPA // SKIN FRICTION: 500 KPA // SAFE WORKING LOAD: 1400KN // REINFORCEMENT: 6N24 BARS WITH R10LIGS @ 300CTS, 50MM COVER
15A
TO
P
O
F
19F
GROUND FLOOR SLABS AND COLUMNS 19E
6. REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM 400X600MM // REINFORCEMENT 6N20 MESH BAR, N12-200CTS LIGATURE 7A. COMPACTED SAND 50MM 7B. WATERPROOF MEMBRANE 0.2MM THICK 7C. SUSPENDED SLAB 200MM THICK // F’C = 40MPA // BOTTOM AND TOP MESH: N16-200 WITH BAR CHAIRS, 50MM COVER 8. REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN 600X300MM // REINFORCEMENT: 8N20 BARS, R10 LIGATURE @ 300CTS // F’C = 40 MPA
19D
19C
05
19B
RL
-1 2.
1ST FLOOR SLABS 9. REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM 700X1200MM // REINFORCEMENT: 16N20 MESH BAR, N12-300CTS LIGATURE 10A. POST-TENSIONED SLAB 200MM THICK // F’C = 40MPA 10B. PERMANENT METAL FORMWORK BONDEK 550 MPA YIELD STRENGTH 10C. POST-TENSIONED TENDON SPACING: 800-1000MM // 5-6 CABLES PER TENDON 10D. SETDOWN 60MM, FOR BALCONY FLOOR CLADING
CL
19A 40D
EL 1
19G
LE V
40E
18
1ST FLOOR STEEL STRUCTURE
41
17
28
20C
42
27
L
20A 16
RL L1
FF
29
RL CL L0
21
5
LE
VE
14
RL
-4
.2
15
L0
23D
23C
G RO U N D
23B
N AT U RA L
23A
12 10D 22
10A
10C
P P LE AVI - 5 AVI VE NG .8 NG 5 L -F -5 N IN .5 AT IS 8 U H RA LE L VE G RO L U N D
44
12
47
10B 11
STAIRCASE
48
30. REINFORCED CONCRETE STAIRCASE 200 THROAT// TOP MESH ON TWO ENDS: N12@300CTS & N16@200CTS // BOTTOM MESH N12@300CTS & N16@200CTS 31. REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM 400X600MM // REINFORCEMENT: 6N20 MESH BAR, N12-200CTS LIGATURE, 50MM COVER
39A
39B 40A 39D
32. CONCRETE BLOCK RETAINING WALL 190MM THICK // CORE FILLED 32A. WATERPROOF TANKING MEMBRANE 33. BRICKWALL DOUBLE BRICK WITH MIN 10MM CAVITY // BRICK: AUSTRAL ELEMENT 50 // 10MM DAMP-PROOF STANDARD GREY MORTAR // ROLLED JOINTS // GRAFFITI COATING FINISH 33A. BONDING NORMALLY STRETCHER BUT SOLDIER ON TOP
LE VE L
VE
25A
25B
-3 .8 5
FF
L
26
21A
25C
MASONRY
.9
LE
24
13
FASCIA STRUCTURE 21. FASCIA TRUSS ALL CHORDS 150PFC 21A. CLEAT CONNECTING STEEL COLUMN // 12/18 MS PLATE WITH 6 CFW 22. FASCIA BEAM 250 PFC 23A. OUTRIGGER CONNECTING FASCIA PURLIN // 75X8 EA CLEATS WITH 8MS PLATES // MAX SPAN: 1700MM 23B FASCIA PURLIN 150 PFC 23C. VAPOUR PERMEABLE MEMBRANE 23D. METAL CLADDING 300X24, 10MM WIDTH JOINT // PREWEATHERED ZINC FINISH // EXTEND TO TOP OF PARAPET 24. SOFFIT PURLIN 150 PFC 25A. SUB FRAMING FURRING CHANNELS 25B. VAPOUR PERMEABLE MEMBRANE 25C. METAL CLADDING 300X24, 10MM WIDTH JOINT // PREWEATHERED ZINC FINISH 26. ALUMINIUM SHEET PANEL WITH WATERPROOF MEMBRANE AND RAINSCREEN // ANODISING FINISH 27. TRANSLUCENT SHEET SOFFIT 16MM THICK // OPAL 28. ROOF FLASHING 300MM WIDTH PANEL, 25MM RIB HEIGHT // WEATHERED ANTHRA ZINC FINISH 29. METAL CLADDING 300X24, 10MM WIDTH JOINT // PREWEATHERED ZINC FINISH // WITH FOLDED CORNER JUNCTION
5
VE
20B
43
-6
13. ROOF BEAM 250 UB 31 14. TRANSOM 200X100X9 RHS 15. ROOF TRUSS TOP CHORD: 150 UC 30 // BOTTOM CHORD: 150 UC 30 // VERTICAL: 150 UC 30 // DIAGONALS: 90X8 EA 15A. CLEATS CONNECTING ROOF PURLIN 16. RIGGING SUPPORT BEAM 250 UB 31, RIGGING SUPPORT, 2X250KG PER SPAN 17. ROOF PURLIN Z250 19 LAPPED@ 1200 MAX CTS // 3 ROWS OF BRIDGING 18. ROOF BRACING 20MM TENSIONED ROD 19A. PLASTERBOARD 13MM THICK // PAINT FINISH 19B. INSULATION 10MM THICK SOUNDSCREEN R3.1 19C. SAFETYMESH 19D. INSULATION 100MM PERMASTOP(R2.5) BLANKET WITH FOIL SISALATION, 75MM THERMAL SPACER 19E. PLYWOODBACKING 18MM 19F. ROOF SHEET BMT0.48 // ZINCALUME FINISH 19G. PROFILE POLYCARBONATE TRANSLUCENT 20A. STEEL STUD 20B. INSULATION 20C. PLASTERBOARD 10MM THICK
-8 .2
5
ROOF SYSTEM
LE
11. FABRICATED COLLUMN 750X150MM // 16MS PLATE BUTT WELD // GRIND FLUSH COVER 12. CUSTOMIZED MULLION 200 PFC + 6 PLATE (NOT SHOWN) TRANSOM 200 PFC + 6 PLATE
39C
38A
38D
13
38B
9 38C
40C 38E 40B
45
37A
BOUNDARY PAVEMENT
37B
34. DRAINAGE AG PIPE 35. BACKFILL STABILIZED SAND 36A. COMPACTED FCR FINE CRUSHED ROCK 150MM THICK 36B. WATERPROOF MEMBRANE 36C. REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB 120MM THICK // REINFORCEMENT: SL92, 30MM COVER // WITH EXPANSION AND CONTROL JOINTS // EXPOSED CONCRETE FINISH
36C
46
37C
33A
7C 8
33
30
35
INTERNAL WALL
36B
31 7B
37A. STEEL STUD WALL 150MM WIDTH 37B. INSULATION 110MM THICK SOUNDSCREEN R3.1 37C. PLASTERBOARD 13MM PAINT FINISH 38A. SARKING WITH CAVITY FROM BRICKWALL 38B. STEEL STUD WALL 150MM WIDTH 38C. INSULATION 110MM THICK SOUNDSCREEN R3.1 38D. STEEL STUD WALL 92MM WIDTH 38E. PLASTERBOARD 13MM PAINT FINISH 39A. DOUBLE PLASTERBOARD 13MM PAINT FINISH 39B. STEEL STUD WALL 92MM WIDTH 39C. INSULATION 88MM THICK SOUNDSCREEN R2.5 39D. FIBER CEMENT SHEET 6MM THICK // PAINT FINISH
36A
32A
1A
7A
34
6
1B
r8
32
2
CEILING SYSTEM 40A. ROD AND CLIP FOR ADJUSTING HEIGHT 40B. CROSS RAIL 40C. FURRING CHANNELS 40D. INSULATION 110MM THICK SOUNDSCREEN R3.1 40E. FLUSH PLASTERBOARD 10MM PAINT FINISH 41. RIGGING POINT CONNECTED FROM ROOF PURLIN // 250 KG CAPACITY 42. BULKHEAD CEILING FRAME 43. STEEL ANGLE FOR BLIND BULKHEAD
3
4A
WINDOW AND DOOR
4B
44. WINDOW DOUBLE GLAZED // STEEL FINISH: MICACEOUS IRON OXIDE - NATURAL GREY // ALUMINIUM FINISH: POWERCOATING 45. WINDOW DOUBLE GLAZED // 8MM THINK FABRICATED STEEL PLATE REVEAL // FINISH MICACEOUS IRON OXIDE - NATURAL GREY // WITH SEALANT AND BACKING ROD ON EDGES
DETAIL FINISH 5
r9
46. GROUND FLOOR SKIRTING 100X12 MDF SKIRTING DRESSED AROUND // PAINT FINISH 47. PERGOLA 100 RHS @ 345CTS // FINISH: MICACEOUS IRON OXIDE - NATURAL GREY 48. STEEL PLATE FINISH: MICACEOUS IRON OXIDE - NATURAL GREY
STUDENT NAME
TUTOR
HAOTIAN WU 668986 SUBJECT
ASSIGNMENT
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN ABPL30041 PROJECT
TUTORIAL PERIOD
RAYMOND CHEUNG AXOMETRIC DRAWING SCALE
WEDNESDAY 15: 15 DATE
22.3.2016
G
F 61
06 MISCELLANEOUS 01 02 ‘Second Skin’
- Digital Design and Fabrication, Univeristy of Melbourne - Semester1, 2015 - Collaborate with Chao Feng
04 ‘Non-Existent’ House
-Eldwood, W.I.P. - @Krisna Cheung Architects - Role: Model-making, Concept, Documentation
01
02
62
03 ‘Floating’ House
- North Melbourne, W.I.P. - @Krisna Cheung Architects - Role: Model-making, Documentation
05 ‘Cut & Paste’ House
- North Melbourne, W.I.P. - @Krisna Cheung Architects - Role: Model-making
03
04
05
63