Stone Panorama April-June 2020 by Stone Panorama Magazine

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CONTENTS

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STONE PANORAMA A Quarterly Publication Annual Subscription India : Rs. 900 Foreign : Euro 35 Single Copy : Rs. 250

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Associate Editor Jaya V. Rastogi

EDITORIAL

NEWS Turkey's Block Marble Exports International Fairs Affected by COVID 19

MARBLE The Power of Marble -Mario Zaniboni

MAINTENANCE Cleaning the Granite with Acids - Mario Zaniboni

THE CITY OF VICTORY Fatehpur Sikri

JAGDISH TEMPLE Jagdish Temple, Udaipur

SHIVA TEMPLE The Tallest Shiva Temple

KAILASA Kailasa Temple : Hindu Temple in Ellora

DECORATIVE STONE 39 Decorative Designs in Marble & Travertine

CONTENTS Sub Editors

FAIRS STONA 2020 Turkish Representative Mehmet OZMEN Design Paras Bhansali Graphic Design Kunj Bihari Sharma

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THROUGH CAMERA LENS 42 STONA 2020, BENGALURU, INDIA PROMOTION 43 Stone Panorama at International Events CLASSIFIED

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EDITORIAL

22 The threat from COVID 19 became known in India in the first week of February 2020. During STONA held from 6 to 9 February 2020 in Bengaluru, the Chinese exhibitors could not participate. In some cases their Indian representatives were present. This was a big blow to the Indian entrepreneurs as they could not source machines, diamond tools, polishing abrasives etc. from Chinese companies. During February and March 2020 mining and processing stone sector did well in domestic as well as international market. The growth in exports of natural stones from India slowed down in 2019 due to lack of policy support from state governments. Indian exports crossed US $ 2.2 billion (Rs 14,000 crore) in 2018, up 10 per cent from the previous calendar year. In 2019 it was estimated to be about 5% more.

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India has the second largest deposits of natural stones in the world with 15 per cent of the natural stone reserve, which is about 46.23 billion cubic meters. Globally, India is at fourth position in export of natural stone. The processing industry is "starving" for want of raw granite blocks, adding, governments need to grant more quarries to support it. The industry needs long-term quarry lease, ranging from 30-50 years with guaranteed renewals. Export-oriented units are importing both marble and granite blocks to overcome shortage of supplies. In order to restrict spread of COVID 19, the first lockdown was announced on 25th March 2020, bringing all mining, processing and marketing activities to a complete halt. Once known as the largest marble market in Asia, Kishangarh now appears like a ghost town. Not a single person can be seen on the roads lined with marble processing units and closed factory shutters. Kishangarhâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s marble and granite industry is spread across 40 kilometres, with 1,100 units and 25,000 workers. Before COVID 19 hit the country, it did business of upto Rs 9 crore every day. More than 300 truckloads of marble and granite used to be transported out of the market but no trucks have left since the last week of March, 2020. The situation is even worse for the migrant labourers who worked in these factories. Several labourers left for their native villages, but there are many who are still stuck in the town and are staying in cramped quarters within factory premises, with little food and money. The factory owners, however, have their own reasons for making the migrant workers stay. They are being provided shelter and food. They want to first see their families, take care of them and then they will come back when things return back to normalcy. In the past few years, the marble industry has faced several setbacks â&#x20AC;&#x201D; demonetization in 2015 and the implementation of the open general license in 2016 that allowed import of marble, impacting the processing of local marble. The corona virus lockdown is like another nail in the coffin. STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Some big industries will start functioning when they get their labour and their market demand in place after lifting of the lockdown. The marble industry, however, will take some time to get back on its feet. It is believed that the factories may not start satisfactory working even when the restrictions are eased because of the unsold goods in the inventory. Since marble is a luxury item and construction activities have been suspended, there is a remote possibility of demand for marble anytime soon. A real tough time for Indian marble and granite mining and processing industry ,As and when the lockdown is lifted, things may not become normal until October 2020.Most of the international fairs-Xiamen in China, Marble in Turkey, Coverings in USA , Middle East Stone in Dubai have either been postponed or cancelled. K. Vikram Rastogi

NEWS

On January 30, 2020, the International Health

Regulations Emergency Committee of the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a “public health emergency of international concern external icon” (PHEIC). Unlike other coronaviruses, COVID 19 has a much larger global spread and has infected more individuals than SARS and MERS combined. The World Health Organization has already declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic, acknowledging that the virus will spread to all countries on the globe. India with more than 60 infected people reporting one causality so far has suspended most visas to halt coronavirus spread. The outbreak of COVID 19 taking the shape of pandemic, almost all the important international fairs to be held up to end of June, 2020 have been postponed as a preventive step to stop further spread of the virus. The major fairs which have been postponed are as under: Xiamen Stone Fair 2020 : The biggest fair scheduled to be held from 16th to 19th March, 2020 in Xiamen,

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Respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus COVID 19 that was first detected in China has now spread to more than 100 locations internationally, including South Korea, Japan, India, Iran, Italy, France, Germany, Spain, and even up to USA infecting more than 1,27,000 people and leaving more than 4,700 dead as on 13th March, 2020 with heavy tolls reported from China, Italy and Iran. After China, Europe is the worst affected. 7 of every 10 confirmed cases outside China is from three countries – Italy (9,172 infected, 463 dead), South Korea( 7,513 infected, 54 dead) and Iran (7,161 infected, 237 dead). They have been followed by France (1,402 infected, 30 dead), Germany (1,139 infected, 2 dead, Spain (1,024 infected and 28 dead) and Japan (514 infected, 9 dead). India has reported more than 67 confirmed cases of COVID 19 with one death. The virus has been named “SARS-CoV-2” and the disease it causes has been named “coronavirus disease 2019” (abbreviated “COVID 19”).

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INTERNATIONAL FAIRS AFFECTED BY COVID 19

NEWS

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China, has now been postponed to June 6 - 9, 2020. Xiamen Jinhongxin Exhibition Co., Ltd, the organizers of the fair, has announced that due to the novel coronavirus outbreak in China, the dates of the fair have been postponed to June, 2020 giving great importance to the health and safety of all guests attending Xiamen Stone Fair, 2020. The organizers took the decision to postpone the fair based on the current situation to prevent and control the spread of this deadly virus. They have expressed their apology for the inconvenience caused by reschedule of the fair and have assured to do their best to arrange the work properly and create a pleasant experience for exhibitors, visitors, speakers, buyers, delegates etc. in June, 2020.

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

MARBLE 2020 : The biggest stone fair to be held in Izmir, Turkey from April 1 – 4, 2020 has been postponed and a new date is yet to be announced. Coverings 2020 : Scheduled to take place April 20-23, 2020 in New Orleans, Louisiana has been canceled due to the coronavirus pandemic. It is the largest international tile and stone exhibition and conference in North America. The event organizers has announced the cancellation in a press release on 18th March, 2020. They have been monitoring the domestic and global developments regarding the coronavirus for several weeks. Their decision to cancel Coverings 2020 is a preemptive effort to minimize exposure to the COVID 19 virus and is in recognition of, and in full adherence to, federal, state and local requirements that are evolving due to these circumstances. “The health and safety of our exhibitors and attendees are very important show priorities to Coverings,” said Jennifer Hoff, president of Taffy Event Strategies, the management company for Coverings. “Given the public health emergency we are currently facing, we believe the only action at this time is for Coverings 2020 to be cancelled.” The decision to cancell the event was reached after a careful review of the unprecedented situation surrounding the COVID 19 virus, evolving travel restrictions, recommendations by public health officials, and the health of the Coverings global community. Coverings has been providing connections, education and a global marketplace for the tile and stone industry for more than 30 years. The organization continues to be committed to the education and promotion of the

tile and stone industry. Plans for a robust Coverings 2021 will be launched in the near future. The 2021 event will be from April 13 - 16, in Orlando, Florida. Stone+tec 2020: Together with the Stone+tec Advisory Board, NürnbergMesse has decided to postpone Stone+tec 2020 from 17 - 20 June 2020. The next Stone+tec will be held in Nürnberg in May / June 2021. The postponement is a preventive step in view of the macroeconomic effects in Europe and worldwide caused by the progressive spread of the corona virus. The decision was based on feedback from customers and industry representatives as well as an intensive analysis of the changed industry calendar. Stone+tec, the international trade fair for natural stone and stone processing is organised by NürnbergMesse. Its sponsoring institutions are the DNV (German Natural Stone Association) and BIV (Association of German Stonemasons). It also receives international support from Confindustria Marmomacchine, the Italian Association for Natural Stone Working Machinery and Equipment. Stone+tec is the key industry gathering for the stone industry in central Europe and offers a comprehensive range of products and services relating to natural stone for building, gravestones, monuments and design. Unfortunately, most of the important exhibitions have been postponed to second half of the year 2020 apart from the fairs already scheduled to be held during this period. This has resulted in a situation that most of the important fairs will now be held without leaving enough space between fairs and the exhibitors will have to reduce the number of fairs they attend regularly this time. Most of the Indian exporters do their business through international stone fairs, like Xiamen Stone Fair, China; Coverings, USA; MARBLE, Turkey etc. Since these fairs have been postponed or cancelled, they have now been left with less chance to export their products. Marmomacc, Italy shall be scheduled. This would be another on Indian stone industry which is already suffering from recession. However, it gives satisfaction that STONA 2020, organized in Bangalore from 6th to 9th February 2020 was a great success in spite of novel coronavirus leaving its effect on the fair as the exhibitors from China, the country of origin of Covid 19, did not participate directly in the fair and many of them participated through their agents in India.

NEWS

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TURKEY'S BLOCK MARBLE EXPORTS TO CHINA DROP

China in February 2019, while the amount decreased to 75,000 tons in February this year,” he noted, adding that Turkey’s marble sector comes third among the natural stone-producing countries after China and Italy.

Turkish Marble, Natural Stone and Machinery Manufacturers Association (TÜMMER) Chairman İbrahim Alimoğlu said that China is the world’s biggest importer of the marble blocks, thus the emergence of the virus has been affecting business negatively.

Turkey’s annual block marble exports to China tally an average of 4 million tons while, if the decline continues, similarly to the volume recorded in February, the sector will experience significant difficulties in exports, like the other block exporters around the world, Alimoğlu told Turkish daily Dünya.

“Turkey exported 150,000 tons of block marble to

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

The new coronavirus outbreak has had severe effects on Turkey's marble manufacturing and exporting sectors, sector representatives say, while block marble exports to the East Asian country have already dropped by 50%.

MARBLE

The Power of Marble Mario Zaniboni

When in the XVI century he wrote the essay "De la Scultura", Giorgio Vasari from Arezzo said that "sculpture is an art which, by removing the superfluous from the subject matter, reduces it to that form of body which in the idea of the architect is designed ". This reasoning, in the modern Italian language, means that sculpture is an art strictly connected to the action of chiseling, carving, excavating material of a certain hardness and removing what is in excess. In essence, the shapes must be extracted from the marble with a chisel, first discovering the most protruding parts and, gradually, the lowest. In fact, it is believed that the sculptural work, born in the artist's genius mind, is already ready inside the block of ornamental stone and that it is up to the artist to extract it. Simple and clear philosophical concept, which logically clashes with reality. Honestly, this is an operation linked to the basic design, which must be carried out by artists with not only specialist skills, but also with sensitivity, patience and a lot of passion: in short, the sculptor must "feel" what he is creating. All this in accordance with the affirmation of the great Michelangelo Buonarroti according to which in the sawing, sanding and polishing phases, in the end, what really matters in sculpture is removing the excess, that is the useless part, from marble and not with a chisel, but with blades, discs and abrasives. Nonetheless, the same skill and experience are necessary because of the characteristics of marble and stones, which accentuate the unique content of each piece, even in the case of maximum natural uniformity. If it is reflected in depth, it is only in natural products that the work "can be obtained by removing", as Michelangelo wrote in a letter to Benedetto Varchi, a historian and writer also from Arezzo.

22 All this distinguishes the products derived from natural stone from those coming from imitations, that is, from artificial ones, which only the raw material of departure can be natural. If you wanted to support a competitiveness by involving the nature of the material, rather than technology and appearance, you would have to evaluate its true essence characterized by an original natural concreteness. In the last years of the twentieth century, to reinforce the concept expressed in the distant sixteenth century, an art critic said that "the figure comes out of the block". However, the raw product, after being cut and roughed, still exists "as a unity of our perceptions", almost representing the natural origin of marble and stones and their message not only of expressive power, but also of genuine naturalness at the same time. It is more than obvious that this perception extends, equally, from culture to architecture and urban furnishings: the contents of a floor, a cladding or a staircase of marble or other ornamental stone do not have human and professional values very different from those of a statue or a bas-relief, since the work necessary to extract a block has the same dignity as any other extractive work and the same content of passion and profession. Now, alternative products and imitations are supplied in series and not extracted by hand from the block and, precisely for this reason, they cannot compete with marble in terms of authenticity and suitability to stimulate non-passing inspirations. Their success in other market sectors must relate to the equalization of consumption typical of our time and to an almost exponential increase in the demand for imitations; however, all of this cannot certainly

MARBLE

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prevent marbles and stones, without counting on technological and chromatic competitiveness, to experiment with a constant guide for what refers to very punctual drawings and designs, for all the realizations

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

in which it is necessary to combine beauty, durability and resistance, which are the essential factors for the development of architecture and sculpture, both in the past and in the present.

MAINTENANCE

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CLEANING THE GRANITE WITH ACIDS Mario Zaniboni

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Works built in stone, especially when they are laid outdoors, must be subject to traditional maintenance interventions, including those dedicated to cleaning. The granite, although very hard and resistant, is no exception and on the contrary, just to keep its chromatic characteristics evident, it is advisable that the cleaning is carried out quite frequently. Logically, the attention to be paid in the interventions is routine, because not all the products that can be found in the sector market are such as to remove incrustations and deposits of various substances without causing trouble, because they are acidic. Before extending the intervention to all surfaces, it is advisable to try in a corner, possibly not very visible, in order to experiment with the product and to know its validity. After the tests, to avoid that there is an entrance into the stone mass of the substance used through the joints, it is advisable to completely wet them with clean water, perhaps more than once. At the conclusion of the treatment, it would

not be bad to try to neutralize the acid action, resorting to an alkaline substance, but experience teaches us not to trust too much, because it is likely that the results would be negative not once, but twice. In truth, on the stone surfaces there is the formation of salts, and this is the first, while the chemical reaction that is activated releases inhalable, potentially dangerous substances, and this is the second. Therefore, following the advice of the manufacturing companies, only expert operators can guarantee satisfactory results. The acids usually used are hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, amidosulfonic and acetic acids. Nature and Use of Those Acids The first, hydrofluoric, is a strong acid, so it is better to dilute it with water. It vigorously attacks the silicates, making any gypsum veins disappear. Its action can also be used from a functional point of view, in the sense that it is a substance capable of shaping roughness,

And also hydrochloric acid, is to be used diluted in water. It is very volatile, so it must be used with extreme caution. Granite is not only made up of quartz, orthoclase and mica: in fact there are other accessory components with high metal content, among which the most dangerous for stone is iron, so it is essential to prevent its release, because it is what gives rise to unsightly oxidations ("rust", to better clarify the concept). For this fact, the use of hydrochloric acid does not find much consensus, even it work well in erasing veins, scratches and traces left by cement. As for phosphoric acid, it is certainly one of the most powerful acids, capable of dissolving lime in a short time. It is a non-dangerous acid for granite, because it does not contain calcium, and therefore does not produce negative effects. Only towards certain granites, especially in shades of green or yellow, can it be hostile, giving rise to variations in their shades with a tendency to gray and providing an opaque and dull appearance. Good results on siliceous surfaces are obtained with amido-sulphonic acid, derived from sulfuric acid, which gives them good functional and aesthetic effects, also for the speed of action on the lime, and all without affecting its integrity. It is found in powder form on the market, usable for many

applications and, among other things, widely used in the final cleaning of buildings and in general for routine maintenance. Last, but not least, is acetic acid, widely appreciated and consumed (and often preferred to others), for some of its specific peculiarities, including quickness in volatilising, the ability to pleasantly scent around and eliminate the inclusions of copper.Logically, it is the mineralogical composition of the stone, combined with the operator's experience and professionalism, that suggests the choice of products to be used and the behavior to be followed. However, one should not underestimate the fact that the type of treatment gives rise to the formation of acetates on granites containing iron, manganese or tin, giving the surface the characteristic of fairly opaque and dull chromatic effects.

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useful when you want to give the stone surfaces the anti-slip effect in areas frequented by people on foot, such as pedestrian crossings , floors and stairs in general.

MAINTENANCE

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THE CITY OF VICTORY

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Fatehpur Sikri Built during the second half of the 16th century by the Emperor Akbar, Fatehpur Sikri (the City of Victory) was the capital of the Mughal Empire for only some 10 years. The complex of monuments and temples, all in a uniform architectural style, includes one of the largest mosques in India, the Jama Masjid.

Fatehpur Sikri is overshadowed by the nearby Taj Mahal and Agra Fort, which are great attractions in India in its own right. Located about 45 minutes outside of Agra (with traffic) Fatehpur Sikri is both a palace and an imperial city. Located on a high plateau, it gives a fantastic view of the surrounding countryside as well as cooler temperatures. Things to take special note of include: the human Parcheesi board, the dramatically different sizes of the buildings for the emperors Mulsim, Christian and Hindu wives, and elevated platform in the building where the emperor heard petitions.

The parking area for Fatehpur Sikri is a distance away from the palace, one has to take a shuttle bus to get there and back.

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Diwan-i-Khas, Hall of private Audience of the Emperor Akbar, Fatehpur Sikri, UNESCO World Heritage Site Built during the second half of the 16th century by Emperor Akbar, Fatehpur Sikri (the City of Victory) was the capital of the Mughal Empire for only some 10 years. The complex of monuments and temples, all in a uniform architectural style, includes one of the largest mosques in India, the Jama Masjid.

THE CITY OF VICTORY

Fatehpur Sikri is a fortified ancient city located 40 kilometers west of the city of Agra. It also served as the capital of the Mughal Empire for a short period of time

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THE CITY OF VICTORY

from 1572 to 1585. This ancient city known for its massive fortification was under the rule of Emperor Akbar. Prior to it being named as capital during the Emperor’s reign, he visited the city of Sikri to consult with Sufi saint Shaikh Salim Chishti. Aside from establishing Fatehpur Sikri as the capital during his reign, he also built a few structures within this ancient fortified city. Among these important structures are a mosque and three palaces. Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri was inscribed to the UNESCO list in 1986. According to local historians, Emperor Akbar

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

invested a lot to build Fatehpur Sikri to what it has been known for its heritage. In fact, it was he who dictated the architectural style of structures within this ancient fortified town. He had envisioned reviving the splendor of Persian principles in architecture. He incorporated the Persian influences with Indian embellishments. One example of this is the use of red sand stone due to the easy accessibility to this material within the neighboring areas. Fatehpur Sikri is located on a rocky ridge. It is a palace city that is built with a 6 kilometer on all three sides. The fourth side is bordered by a lake. The two main architects that were responsible for the building of the fortified city were Dhruv Chawla and R Roy. All of the buildings within the UNESCO site Fatehpur Sikri were a testament to the regional influences in India. Following are the most important buildings and structures to have been built within Fatehpur Sikri: Buland Darwaza The term Buland Darwaza literally translates to “magnificent gate”. Hence, this structure is one of the most prominent buildings in Fatehpur Sikri. With a height of 55 meters, it was built by Emperor Akbar in 1601. This gate served as a way to commemorate his victory

the most important buildings within the UNESCO site Fatehpur Sikri. Tomb of Sheikh Salim Chisti Another highly important building within the complex of Fatehpur Sikri, are this tomb. This tomb was built from 1580 to 1581. It is built in white marble and is one of the best examples of artistic stone carving in the medieval period in India. It also provides a fusion of Mughal and Hindu architectural style. Jama Masjid

This building serves as a hall to a private audience. It is one of the most important buildings in Fatehpur Sikri and is known as one of the most interesting orate structures. The central tower is the focal point of this building. It is also popularly referred to as the Lotus Throne. The stone carving and exemplary detail is worth admiring. Jodhabai Palace This building served as the living quarters of the Mughal Queen Jodhabai. In addition to the queen, this is also where the women of the royal harem would stay. The amazing architecture makes it one of

This central mosque in Fatehpur Sikri was built by Emperor Akbar. This features a unique rectangular plan and is constructed using carved red sandstone. In addition, the interior of the mosque is decorated with stone carved Mirhabs.

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over Gujarat. The doorway features a unique architecture and craftsmanship never before seen in any other building in Fatehpur Sikri. It is constructed using red sandstone and filled with granite inlays and carved marble.

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THE CITY OF VICTORY

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THE CITY OF VICTORY

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Architecture Fatehpur Sikri sits on rocky ridge, 3 kilometres in length and 1 km wide and palace city is surrounded by a 6 km wall on three sides with the fourth bordered by a lake. The city is generally organized around this 40 m high ridge, and falls roughly into the shape of a rhombus. The general layout of the ground structures, especially the "continuous and compact pattern of gardens, services and facilities" that characterized the city leads

urban archaeologists to conclude that Fatehpur Sikri was built primarily to afford leisure and luxury to its famous residents. The dynastic architecture of Fatehpur Sikri was modelled on Timurid forms and styles. The city was built massively and preferably with red sandstone. Gujarati influences are also seen in its architectural vocabulary and decor of the palaces of Fatehpur Sikri.

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THE CITY OF VICTORY

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

The city's architecture reflects both the Hindu and Muslim form of domestic architecture popular in India at the time. The remarkable preservation of these original spaces allows modern archaeologists to reconstruct scenes of Mughal court life, and to better understand the hierarchy of the city's royal and noble

residents. It is accessed through gates along the 8.0 km long fort wall, namely, Delhi Gate, the Lal Gate, the Agra Gate and Birbal's Gate, Chandanpal Gate, The Gwalior Gate, the Tehra Gate, the Chor Gate, and the Ajmeri Gate.

JAGDISH TEMPLE

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Jagdish Temple, Udaipur

Jagdish Temple is a large Hindu temple in the middle of Udaipur in Rajasthan, just outside the royal palace. It has been in continuous worship since 1651. A big tourist attraction, the temple was originally called the temple of Jagannath Rai but is now called Jagdish Temple. It is a major monument in Udaipur. STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

The Jagdish Temple is raised on a tall terrace and was completed in 1651. It attaches a double-storey Mandapa to a double-storey saandhara (with a covered ambulatory) sanctum. The mandapa has another storey tucked within its pyramidal samavarna (bellroof) while the hollow clustered spire over the sanctum contains two more, nonfunctional stories. To reach the main shrine, one must climb 32 marble steps, intercepted by a Brass image of Garuda in the end, being the mount (vahana) of God Vishnu. Shri Jagdish Temple is the most beautiful example of Hindu Iconography,

consisting of three stories of hand carved stone, with a steeple nearly 24 meter high and is the largest temple of Udaipur. Lanes taking off from many of the sheharpanah (city wall) converge on the Jagdish Temple. It was built by Maharana Jagat Singh in 1651. Jagdish Temple is a splendid example of either Māha Māru or Māru-Gurjara architecture, decorated by beautiful and ornate carvings. A short walk from the city palace will bring you to this temple. The temple sanctum has an idol of the deity Lord Jagannath, in local parlance of God Vishnu or God Krishna, carved out of a single black stone, resplendent with four arms, flowers and finery. Four smaller shrines, dedicated to Lord Ganesha, Surya, Goddess Shakti and Lord Shiva form a circle around the main shrine, housing the idol of Lord Vishnu. It is said that an estimated Rs. 1.5 million was spent to construct the building in 1651.

SHIVA TEMPLE

The Tallest Shiva Temple

One of the oldest and Asia's highest temple of lord Shiva known as Jatoli temple is situated on the Rajgarh road and is about 8 km from Solan in Himachal Pradesh. This wonderful piece of architectural beauty lies in the beautiful surroundings of green hills. It is a wonderful sight to see this tall temple among the hills. The temple

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At Jatoli, Shiv lingam is unique. It is made up of transparent glass like structures which is housed in silver structure comprising Vishnu Pitha and Braham Pitha. The glass shiva ling is very unique and beautiful too. Jatoli means long Jata (hairs) which further signifies the long Jatas of lord Shiva. It is said that Lord Shiva visited this place and slept for a night, hence the temple was constructed here. In this temple there are three main parts, a statue of Lord Shiva, a little cave where Lord Shiva slept for a night and a Shiv Ling. There is a mandapam or a hall in front of the main deity where the devotees assemble for prayers. It is really wonderful to see so many beautiful figurines on the temple walls. A big statue of Nandi is in front of the temple.

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d e s i g n i s marvellous. With an enormous Shiva statue greeting you at the entrance and another fascinating shivling placed inside a cave behind the statue, the Jatoli Temple in Solan is unlike the usual temple buildings in India.

KAILASA

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Kailasa Temple Hindu Temple in Ellora One of Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s greatest monuments, this astonishing temple, carved from solid rock, was built by King Krishna I in AD 760 to represent Mt Kailasa (Kailash), Shivaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Himalayan abode. To say that the assignment was daring would be an understatement. Three huge trenches were bored into the sheer cliff face, a process that entailed removing have quality of rock by hammer and chisel, before the temple could begin to take shape

and its remarkable sculptural decoration could be added. Covering twice the area of the Parthenon in Athens and being half as high again, Kailasa is an engineering marvel that was executed straight from the head with zero margin for error. Modern draughts people might have a lesson or two to learn here.

The temple houses several intricately carved panels, depicting scenes from the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and the adventures of Krishna. Also worth admiring are the immense monolithic pillars that stand in the courtyard, flanking the entrance on both sides, and the southeastern gallery that has 10 giant and fabulous panels depicting the different avatars (incarnations of a deity) of Lord Vishnu. After you’re done with the main enclosure, bypass the hordes of snack-munching day trippers to explore the temple’s many dank, bat urine–soaked corners with their numerous forgotten carvings. Afterwards, hike the sturdier path up to the south of the complex (past the scaffolding) that takes you to the top perimeter of the ‘cave’, from where you can get a bird’s-eye view of the entire temple complex. Kailashnath Temple or Kailash Temple is a famous temple, one of the 34 monasteries and temples, known collectively as the Ellora Caves, extending over more than 2 km, that were dug side by side in the wall of a high basalt cliff in the complex located at Ellora, Maharashtra. Of these 34 monasteries and temples, the Kailasa (cave 16) is a remarkable example of Dravidian architecture on account of its striking proportion;

KAILASA

elaborate workmanship architectural content and sculptural ornamentals of rock-cut architecture. It is designed to recall Mount Kailash, the abode of Lord Shiva. It is a megalith carved out of one single rock. It was built in the 8th century by the Rashtrakuta king Krishna I. The Kailash Temple is notable for its vertical excavation—ca- rvers started at the top of the original rock, and excavated downward. The traditional methods were rigidly followed by the master architect which could not have been achieved by excavating from the front. It is estimated that about 400,000 tonnes of rock was scooped out over hundreds of years to construct this monolithic structure. From the chisel marks on walls of this temple, archeologists could conclude that three types of chisels were used to carve this temple. All the carvings are done in more than one level. A twostoreyed gateway opens to reveal a U-shaped courtyard. The courtyard is edged by a columned arcade three stories high. The arcades are punctuated by huge sculpted panels, and alcoves containing enormous sculptures of a variety of deities. Originally flying

37 STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

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KAILASA

bridges of stone connected these galleries to central temple structures, but these have fallen.

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Within the courtyard are two structures. As is traditional in Shiva temples, an image of the sacred bull Nandi fronts the central temple housing the lingam. In Cave 16, the Nandi Mandap and main Shiva temple are each about 7 metres high, and built on two storeys. The lower stories of the Nandi Mandap are both solid structures, decorated with elaborate illustrative carvings. The base of the temple has been carved to suggest that elephants are holding the structure aloft. A living rock bridge connects the Nandi Mandap to the porch of the temple. The temple itself is tall pyramidic structure reminiscent of a South Indian temple. The shrine â&#x20AC;&#x201C; complete with pillars, windows, inner and outer rooms, gathering halls, and an enormous lingam at its heart from stone, is carved with niches, plasters, windows as well as images of deities,mithunas (erotic male and female figures) and other figures. Most of the

deities at the left of the entrance are Shaivaite (followers of Lord Shiva) while on the right hand side the deities are Vaishnavaites (followers of Lord Vishnu). There are two Dhwaja Sthambha (pillars with the flagstaff) in the courtyard. The grand sculpture of Ravana attempting to lift Mount Kailasa, the abode of Lord Shiva, with his full might is a landmark in Indian art.

DECORATIVE STONE

www.worldstonefairs.com

Decorative Designs in Marble & Travertine

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Umut Marble & Travertine is an important producer of decorative polished, honed, tumbled, brushed finished natural stone without any size limits and with the maximum production flexibility. At the moment the factory has spread in 10,000 sqm, with 3,000 sqm are indoor. The installation of modern and effective machines gives the possibility to produce innovative products. Umut will continue its successes in presenting new developments for its customers and research and

developments for design with new stones. Its large range is rich in taste, glamour and modernity. The main principle is customer satisfaction. In order to achieve the correct determination of customer requirements, suitable quotations and supplying products in time, as per specifications and without any faults is made. Source: www.umutmarble.com

FAIRS

STONA 2020 6th to 9th February, 2020

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The 14th International Granites and Stone Fair was organised by Federation of Indian Granite and Stone Industry (FIGSI) at Bangalore International Exhibition Centre, Bangalore from 6th to 9th February 2020.

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

The fair was co-sponsored by Government of Karnataka and sponsored by Shri Bhagwati Machines Pvt. Ltd., and Karm Machine Tools (P) Ltd. as Gold sponsors and Marudhar Stones International Pvt. Ltd., Aro Granite Industries Ltd., PRP Granites, Madurai, Mahi Granites (P) Ltd., International Stones India Pvt. Ltd., Rosava Engineering Company and Valuedshow Management LLC as silver sponsors. The fair was also supported by Ministry of Mines, Government of India, Federation of Indian Mineral Industries, Geological Society of India, Federation of Karnataka Chamber of Commerce and

Industry, Centre for Development of Stones, Stone Xiamen fair, Marble Izmir fair and IMM carrara. The fair was spread over an area of 42,000 sq m gross area and 23,000 sq m net area spread in five pavilions. There were country pavilion from Turkey, Iran and Italy and individual exhibitors from Spain, Croatia, Oman, and other countries. Many countries participated through their Indian agents. Because of the Corona Virus, the Chinese Contingent did not participate, but few Chinese exhibitors exhibited their products through their Indian Agents. There was state pavilions from Orissa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana in which they presented the stones of their states.

FAIRS lot of enquires for their products. FIGSI also organised sponsored buyers programme and more than 50 buyers from various countries visited the fair, With this visit the business relations between the countries will increase in days to come. More than 20,000 visited the fair in four days which also included the domestic buyers and international visitors.

On 7th February 2020, Architectural Seminar on “Natural Stone for Sustainability” was conducted at the venue itself which was attended by the students of various Engineering colleges. The seminar was addressed by leading architects from various parts of the country.

For the first time MSME Department Government of India registered STONA 2020 in their programme and stalls at subsidised rates were allotted to MSME sector in MSME pavilion. Exhibitors from all over India participated in STONA 2020 and the machinery manufacturers exhibited the latest technology developed by them. Leading multinationals like Tata Hitachi, L& T, Volvo and Kobelco exhibited the mining machineries.

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On 6th February 2020, the fair was inaugurated by cutting the ribbon and release of balloon by the dignitaries. C.C. Patil, Hon’ble Minister for Mines and Geology unveiled the mascot of Make in India, the Lion made of Granite and also released the exhibitors directory,

It was reported by many of the leading exhibitors, that they were able to generate good business and also got

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

THROUGH THE CAMERA LENS

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STONA 2020, BENGALURU, INDIA

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

PROMOTION

Stone Panorama at International Events

City Expo, Antalya, Turkey

Maison and Objet, Paris, France

GSTF, Udaipur, India

Cersaie, Bologna, Italy

Middle East Stone, Dubai, UAE

Vibrant Ceramics, Ahmedabad, India

India Stone Mart, Jaipur, India

Xiamen Stone Fair, Xiamen, China

Marble, Izmir, Turkey

Coverings, Orlando, USA

Stonex Canada, Toronto, Canada

Stone Design Show, Antalya, Turkey

SAIE, Bologna, Italy

Carrara Marmotec, Carrara, Italy

Isfahan Stone Fair, Isfahan, Iran

Maroc Stone, Casablanca, Morocco

www.worldstonefairs.com

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

Project Qatar, Doha, Qatar

GSTF, Udaipur, India

Iran Stone Expo, Mahallat, Iran

Marmomacc, Verona, Italy

STONA, Bangalore, India

United Build Expo, Madurai, India

Bursa Block Fair, Bursa, Turkey

Stone+Tec, Nurenberg, Germany

CLASSIFIED

Agrasenprime Overseas Pvt Ltd H1- 59 & 60, RIICO Industrial Area, Mansarovar, Jaipur, India Mobile No: +91 9549766670, +91 9829026437 Ph.: +91 141 2398322, Fax: +91 141 2396072 Web: www.agarsengranites.com Email: info@agarsengranites.com, agarsenmarble@gmail.com

info@lipinexports.com

MINESTONE EXPORTS Delivering Profits !

H1- 59 & 60, RIICO Industrial Area, Mansarovar, Jaipur, India Mobile No: +91 9829058322, +91 9549766670 Ph.: +91 141 2398322, Fax: +91 141 2396072 Web: www.agarsengranites.com Email: agarsenmarble@gmail.com

AGARSEN GRANITE AND STONES

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Manufacturer & Exporter of Indian Granite, Marble, Sandstone Slates, Quartzite, Limestone and Engineered Quartz

476, Mahaveer Nagar, Tonk Road, Jaipur India- 302018 E : agarsenstone@gmail.com, agarsen_sk@yahoo.co.in T/F: +91 141 2724572 M: +91 9829063341 / +919950144571 W : www.agarsenstone.com

Procssor & Exporter of Indian Natural Stones

GOLD TROPHY WINNER for TOP EMERGING EXPORTER (MSME CATEGORY) - NORTH REGION BY FEDERATION OF INDIAN EXPORT ORGANISATION Regd Office : Minestone Exports | Bapu Bazar Bijainagar | Rajasthan India – 305624 Email : sales@minestonex.com | Website : www.minestonex.com Direct Dial : +91-94610-62729 | +91-98281-47677

MULTIWIN STONE INTERNATIONAL Manufacturers & Exporter of Natural Stones 1 A , Jain Kunj , Gopal Bari , Jaipur 302001 India Tel: + 91 0141 2352216 Mobile: + 91 9829052269, 9929944000, 9829088269 Email: multiwinstones@gmail.com | info@multiwinstones.com Web: www.multiwinstones.com

AROVI GRANITES PVT. LTD

Landscapes, Copings, Stone Chips, Metals & Minerals, Infrastructure & Logistics, Paper, Agro and Impex Largest manufacturers, exporters and Contractors of Slabs, Tiles, Counter Tops, Monuments of Polished, Flamed, Honed, Lapatro finishes of Black Golden Galaxy, Jet Black, Black Pearl, Steel Grey,Tan Brown, Sapphire Blue, Coffee Brown, Ruby Red, Lavender Blue, Bahama Blue, Tropic Brown, Onida Orange, Golden Leaf, Paradiso, Imperial Gold, Jubilee Gold, Moon White, Colonial Gold , Colombo Juparana, Green Marble, Forest Gold, Green , Italian Marble, Blue Pearl,Travertine etc,.

Regd. Off.: 10-3-883/B-35/F3, Vijayanagar Colony, Hyderabad-500057, A.P. INDIA Factory : Sy. No. 126, Yamanampet, Ghatakesar Mandal, Hyderabad-501301, A.P. INDIA Ph.: +91-98480 43742, 89193 94072, 7702496492 | E-mail: arovigranites@gmail.com arovimpex@gmail.com, arv.intralogist@gmail.com, arvy.minerals@gmail.com

DEVTECH INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Manufacturers & Suppliers of Quality Natural Industrial Diamond Powders for the Abrasive Industry. Consistently Serving the Industry for more than 30 Years Corporate Address: 1127, Hubtown Solaris, N S Phadke Road, Andheri East, Mumbai 400069 Ph.: +91 22 262169000 | Mob.: +91 9819304488 E-mail: devtechindia@devtechindia.com | devtechin@yahoo.com www.devtechindia.co.in

DELTA DIAMOND TOOLS (Manufacturer of all kinds of Diamond Tools) Plot No. 118, Sri Venkatasubramaniyam Nagar, sy No. 772, Kundruthur Thirumudivakkam Road, Kundrathur, Chennai - 600 069 Mobile: 9841738379, 9841738373 E-mail: diamondtools_delta@yahoo.co.in | www.deltadiatools.com

ARVICON INTERNATIONAL All Indian Natural Stone including Marble, Granite Sandstone, Limestone, Slate, Quartzite, Stone Veneer etc.

Add: L-43, Connaught Circus, New Delhi-110001 Ph.: 091-11-2341 6350 | Mobile: +91- 8130354107 Fax No. 091-11-2341 6357 Email: info@arvicon.com | Website: www.arvicon.com

SOUTH- EAST DIAMOND TOOLS NEWSHINE INDUSTRIES Supplier/Trader/Manufacturers of Stone Cutting Blades Mr. Gajendra Agawal, J-444, J-445, J-446, J-447, Phase-1st, RIICO Industries Area, Sitapura, near chatrala circle , Jaipur-302022 Mob.: +91-9828272828, +91-9828446867 Email : abhi55singhal@gmail.com

STONE PANORAMA April - June 2020

44 , Jaipur

9444031397 2681 0510

LOK GROUP Factory Cum Office Address - C-59, Road No. 5, VKI Area, Jaipur-302 013, Rajasthan, INDIA Tel: 0091-141-4914626, 4042049, Mob.: 9829071441,9784598024 E-mail: khetantiles@gmail.com Web: www.khetantiles.co.in | www.khetantiles.com

Want Consultant and Technical Team for Manufacturer of Quartz, Marble Slabs and Tiles

Contact : 9820704003, 9820213612 E-mail: ajay@lokchem.com

SNGAL I NATURAL STONES

Singal Natural Stones Pvt. Ltd.

Kailash / Anil Khetan Administration Office Tileco Stone Exports, G-1/76, Badharna, V.K.I. Ext. Jaipur-302013 Tel/Fax: +91-141-2460796 Cell: +91-98293-59148 (Kailash) +91-94140-57162 (Anil)

Factory & Regd office: F-972(B) Road No. 14, V.K.I. Area, Jaipur-302013 KISHANGARH E-510,511- 4th Phase, Riico Industrial Area, Madanganj- Kishangarh - District (Ajmer)

www.singalnaturalstones.com

STONEX MASTICE

with Extra Power

e c i o Ch

ixing

ne F f Sto

Dolgu ve yapistirma Marmi e pietre Mastic to fill and glue Marble & Stones

High Quality Polyester Mastic with Excellent Adhesive Power

Stonex Industries

+91-98290 52150

Plot No. 34, Krishna Nagar, Near Boring Chouraha, Kalwar Road, Jhotwara, Jaipur - 12 Mob.: +91-9116406370 | E-mail : stonexplus@gmail.com Web : www.stonexplus.com

WE PROVIDE TRAINED AND EXPERIENCED MANPOWER FOR YOUR INDUSTRY

Gangsaw Machine Operator EOT Crane/Derrick Crane Operator Block Cutter Machine Operator Hand Polisher Machine Operator CNC Machine Operator Edge Cutting Machine Operator Line Polishing Machine Operator Gantry Crane Operator Dressing Machine Operator Column Perfecting Machine Operator Wire Saw Machine Operator Slab, Tile Sales Staff Power Tools (Grinders, Cutters, etc.) Operator Factory Supervisor/Manager Electrical, Mechanical Maintenance Staff

Other Technical Staff for Marble, Granite, Quartz Stone, Glass Industries

STONE TECHNOLOGY CENTRE (TRAINING DIVISION) “Rastogi House”, B 9 Vivekanand Marg, ‘C’ Scheme, Jaipur – 302001, Rajasthan Phone: 0141-2376171, 2379653 | Email: stctdmanpower@gmail.com | info@stonetec.org | www.stonetec.org V.J. CONSULTANCY SERVICES Chamber No.5, Basement Floor, 6, Vivekanand Marg, ‘C’ Scheme, Jaipur -302001, Rajasthan Phone: 0141 – 4050360 | Email: vikjaymanpower@gmail.com

JayBhavani MinechemPvt.Ltd.

Delta Diamond

STONE PLUS (INDIA) PVT.

AP Marble &

UV Stone Impex

N. V. Marbles

Mines Owner, P r o c e s s o r, Exporter

Manufacturer & Exporter of all kind of Granite & Marbles

Block No.73, Jay Bhavani Compound, Opposite +91-8128124490 jbmcstones@gmail.com Plazo Resort, Near Dumad Crossing, N.H. No. 8 www.jbmcstones.com Vadodra-390008

Indian and Italian Marbles & Manufacture Granite, Mop & Semi Precious r & Exporter Inlay Work

Retail & Wholesaler

Manufacture, Processor, Exporter

Mr. Rajul Singhal stoneplus.ritish@gmail.com, 9811111815 Mr. Ritish Singhal rajul@stoneplusindia.com 9811761780

Deals in Tiles, Granites, Marbles Sanitary etc.

Plot No. 118, Sri Venkatsubramaniyam Nagar Sy +91-44-32572531 diamondtools_delta@yahoo.co.in Manufacturer of all kind of diamond cutting tools for No. 772, Kundrathur Thirumudivakkam Raod +91-9841738373 www.deltadiamondtools.com stone industries Kundrathur, Chennai- 600069, Tamilnadu, India +91-9841738379

128, Asola Fatehpur Beri Road, Opp. Golden Tulip Hotel, New Delhi-110074

Mr. Pramod Kedia Bhalupali Chowk, Jharsuguda Road, Sambalpur, 9 4 3 7 5 7 9 5 3 3 apmarblesandtiles@gmail.com Odisha-768006 7008252362

Manufacture, Exporter and P ro j e c t Contractor

info@uvstoneimpex.com, www.uvstoneimpex.com

All Indian Natural Stone including Marble, Granite, Sandstone, Limestone, Slate, Quartzite, Flexible Thin Stone Veneers etc.

"Shyam Plaza", Near Pardaya Hospital, Sanganer, Jaipur-302029

Retailer

Marbel, Granite, Sand stone etc.

Mr.U.S.Sharma 9829253365 7375001000 7014829152

Plot No. 81, Bhawani Niketan Colony, Kamani Chouraha, Jhotwara, Jaipur-302012

nvmarble@yahoo.com, www.nvmarbles.com

Import marble, Blocks

Manufacturi ng, Importing Blocks