May 1952

THE PETERITE Vol. XL IV

MAY, 1952

No. 330

EDITORIAL The early weeks of the past term were overshadowed by the shock of the tragic death of His Majesty King George VI. Although it was true that the King for many months past had "walked with Death", we were quite unprepared for the suddenness of a catastrophe which, when it came, seemed almost unbelievable. When, in the middle of morning school, the news somehow travelled from class-room to classroom, it was received with stunned incredulity. Official confirmation of the calamity came promptly, and, in common with the nation at large, we mourned the passing of a Monarch whose unflinching devotion to duty was a pattern to us all. A Memorial Service was held in the School Chapel on 15th February, and the Head Master made it possible for us to listen to the moving broadcast of the Funeral on the same day. A similar opportunity, of which we took advantage, was afforded us to witness the ceremony in York which marked the accession of Queen Elizabeth II. To the young Queen, who has now shouldered the exacting and life-long burden of kingship, the Royal School of St. Peter proclaims its loyalty and devotion.

In our internal affairs the term passed with serenity. It is possible that many of us, in the course of the Christmas holidays, became conscious of the soundness of the Prince's observation in King Henry IV, Part I : "If all the year were playing holidays To sport would be as tedious as to work;" and, after a surfeit of exhausting festivities, we return not altogether reluctantly to the comfortable routine of school life. We are fortified, too, by the knowledge that the coming term will be comparatively brief.

But the Easter Term, though the shortest of the year, is not usually the most placid, and our satisfaction is generally not unmixed with foreboding. Experience has taught us that the weather can do its fiendish worst and play havoc with the programme which looks so 1

CONTENTS

Editorial ...

Oxford Open Scholarship Commemoration, 1952 C.C.F. Inspection O.P. News The Frank Pick Prize for Design Valete and Salvete School Officers, Easter Term, 1952 House Notes ...

The Oxford Cup, 1951-52 Games Committee Meeting Chapel Notes The Choir The Curia The Library The Debating Society Correspondence—"Another School Poll" Historical Note—The School in 1589 ...

Music ...

The Science Society ...

The Photographic Club ...

The British Ship Adoption Society ...

"My Holiday Work" The Swiss Tour ...

C.C.F. Notes Senior School Scouts Shooting ... ...

Squash Hockey, 1952 Athletics and Cross-Country Correspondence—The Cross-Country Race Cricket Fixtures, 1952 ...

Boating ...

The Junior School

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attractive in the Calendar of Events, and that, as like as not, disease will decimate the class-rooms, fill the San. to overflowing, and even, perhaps, bring the term to an abrupt and unwelcome conclusion.

And to the fog and flood, the sleet and the snow (the blizzard which blotted out the Sports Day of 1951 remains a vivid memory) might be added the inconvenience of innumerable power cuts.

None of these things happened. The weather was as kind as we have a right to expect; of sickness we had none to mention; and the power cuts remained paper possibilities on a premonitory list of dates obligingly sent to us by a considerate Electricity Board. The term moved peacefully along its pre-ordained course to the rigorous and valuable discipline of the Trial Examinations and its finale of an interesting and exciting Sports Day at which the result of the interHouse competition remained in doubt until the last relay race of the meeting. It was indeed a most enjoyable Easter Term, Our good fortune extended to the holidays (we write as they are drawing to a close), and we have been grateful for the delightful Spring weather which contributed so much to the enjoyment of the Scout Trek in the Lake District and the Continental Tour, which we are now justified in regarding as an annual "fixture". The visit to Montreux, of which we publish a full account in this issue, proved even more successful than the excursions to Belgium and Paris in previous years. Several of the 28 boys who formed the party were in a position to make comparisons with the tours of 1950 and 1951, and they were unanimous in their preference for Switzerland in the ideal weather conditions which prevailed this year. We are grateful to Mr. Le Tocq and Mr. Craven, whose enthusiasm and organising talent (backed now by ample experience) make possible these most enjoyable holidays.

At the end of the term we said "good-bye" to Mr. A. G. Collier, who has been Art Master since 1947. During these five years he has done much to foster a subject (if Art can be so rigidly classified) which, as in many schools, had tended to be neglected in earlier years.

Under his able and enthusiastic guidance the work of the formal art classes reached a high standard (as was proved by the many exhibitions which he organised). Talent which might easily have remained unsuspected was, by his infectious enthusiasm, developed to the full.

Perhaps more important than his success in the class-room were the keenness which he evoked for Art as a hobby and spare time activity and the appreciation of visual beauty which he fostered in those who themselves were not endowed with any particular artistic ability.

His personal qualities—kindliness, a sense of humour, an unruffled temperament, and an inexhaustible zest for life—ensured his popularity both with the boys and his colleagues.

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OXFORD OPEN SCHOLARSHIP In the Open Scholarship Examinations held in March, D. G. Hilton was awarded a Major Scholarship in Mathematics (the Open Eglesfield Scholarship) at The Queen's College, Oxford. We congratulate Hilton on a splendid achievement of which the School is proud.

COMMEMORATION, 1952 The programme will be as follows :Wednesday, 23rd July.

Junior School Speech Day and Distribution of Prizes by Bishop Hubbard.

Friday, 25th July.

Cricket Match, School v. Old Peterites begins.

O.P. Dinner and General Meeting of the O.P. Club.

Saturday, 26th July.

Morning : Speeches and Distribution of Prizes by Lord Halifax.

Afternoon : Cricket Match continued. Boat Races, School v.

Old Peterites.

Sunday, 27th July.

8-15 a.m. : Holy Communion.

11-0 a.m. : Commemoration Service and Sermon by the Bishop of Newcastle.

C.C.F. INSPECTION The annual inspection of the Combined Cadet Farce will take place on Tuesday, 17th June. We shall be honoured on this occasion by the visit, as Inspecting Officer, of Air Marshal Sir Ronald IvelawChapman, K.B.E., C.B., D.F.C., A.F.C., Air Officer Commanding in Chief, Home Command.

OLD PETERITE NEWS COMMEMORATION The Commemoration week-end will be from Friday, 25th July, to Sunday, 27th July. An outline of the programme, which follows the customary lines, is printed above. Full details are not available at the time of writing, but these, of course, will be circulated as usual with the formal invitation to O.P.s. Once again we express the hope that as many O.P.s as possible will make an effort to attend and thus ensure that the gathering will be a success.

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The arrangements for the O.P. v. School Cricket Match are in the hands of Dr. P. R. G. Graham (School House, 1935-40). Any O.P.s who would like to play should write to him at Badger's Green, Monument Park, Wigan, Lancs. (Tel. : Wigan 44673). As usual, K. H. Rhodes, at the School, has undertaken to organise the crews for the Boat Races. Anyone interested should communicate with him.

LONDON DINNER The next London Dinner will be held on Wednesday, the 12th November The arrangements will again be in the hands of A. B. Cooper, 137 Longland Drive, London, N.20, Telephone No. HlLside 7556 (or, during the day, ACOrn 2204).

H. H. McGOVERNE A long letter from Hugh H. McGoverne (1921-1925), received in the course of the Easter Term, contains much of interest. As Reader in English Literature at the Charles University of Prague his career has been profoundly affected by the many crises which have afflicted Eastern Europe since the rise of Hitler. He went to Czechoslovakia originally in 1937 and in August, 1939, was arrested by the Gestapo for pro-Czech sympathies. Misfortune overtook him again in 1949, after he had settled down happily to his work at the Charles University, for the Communist revolution made it impossible for him to stay in Prague unless, as he himself put it, he were prepared to play the role of a James Joyce. After narrowly missing a Russian concentration camp he returned to England and is now living at Cuckfield in Sussex.

His reputation for Slavonic literary studies stands high, and he is known particularly as an authority on the influence of the English Romantic Movement on Bohemian literature, a subject on which he is to lecture this year at the Dr. Benes Institute in London. His "May", a translation (the first complete version in English) of the work of the Bohemian poet Karel Mkha (1810-36), the foremost poet of the Czech Revival, has been acclaimed by competent judges as a work of real significance in its particular field. 'The Times Literary Supplement' gave it high praise, as did the Poet Laureate, Mr. John Masefield, O.M. The book was honoured by the gracious acceptance of Queen Elizabeth (now the Queen Mother), and has been included in the Libraries of the Universities of Cambridge, London, Leiden, and Stockholm, among others. In such distinguished company the Library of St. Peter's School must feel proud that the author has presented to it a signed copy of the work !

MRS. N. HAWE (NEE STEPHENSON) Notes in our last issue on "St. Peter's Scratch Fours" of 1865 and on a rugger match at the School in, or about, 1883, which was

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notable as an occasion on which a "maul" took place, have elicited a welcome letter from Mrs. Hawe, the daughter of the Rev. H. M. Stephenson (Head Master, 1872-1887). We print Mrs. Hawe's letter in full : "In the January No. of the Peterite you ask for information about the 'Scratch Fours'. In the time of my father's Headmastership there were always Scratch Fours in the Lent Term.

I should think that they probably existed in Archdeacon Hey's time—I believe they have been dropped. There was also in those days a York Regatta where the School had a boat. Durham School also had a boat and were St. Peter's great rivals ! It has puzzled me how Kaye and Stevenson were on opposite sides. It might have been a match between the House and Day boys, as Kaye lived with his grandfather in a house opposite the School and may have been a day boy—and I also think he left before Stevenson and so would play as an old boy. I have a vague recollection of the incident myself. R. Crosthwaite might be able to tell you as he was in the XV when Stevenson was Captain."

The York Regatta, of course, is still held—no doubt on a much larger scale than in the days which Mrs. Hawe recalls—and St. Peter's (and Durham School) still enter crews. No doubt Mrs. Hawe's suggestion that the rugger match in which Kaye and Stevenson were on opposite sides was between the School and Old Boys is right.

The files of "The Peterite" show that the fixture list in those days included a number of games with scratch sides of Old Peterites; though we can find no record of this particular match.

We were glad to hear from Mrs. Hawe and to know that she receives "The Peterite" and is still interested in the school where she lived her early life. Her address is Trelawne, Looe, Cornwall.

ITEMS P. B. Legat (1936-44) is in Bahan in the Negri Sembilan State of Malaya as a Cadet Assistant Superintendent of Police. After completing a probationary period of three years he will become a permanent police officer.

* * *

Another O.P. on colonial police duties is R. E. Thornton (1943-48) who is a trooper in the British South African Police, a force whose reputation rivals that of the Canadian "Mounties". In his letter to us Thornton enclosed some interesting photographs of typical Southern Rhodesian country in which he is working. We regret that for technical reasons it has not proved possible to reproduce them in "The Peterite".

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A letter from Mr. M. K. Cassells, a former master of the School, who is now in Venezuela with the Shell Caribbean Petroleum Company, brings us news of W. A. Stratton (1935-45). The two met in Trinidad at the Company's guest-house. Stratton is a traineedriller and has recently joined the Shell Group, having lost his job with the Anglo-Iranian Company, thanks to the nationalisation policy of Dr. Moussadeq. We gather from Mr. Cassells, who sends his good wishes to any O.P.s who may remember him, that Stratton is toying with the idea of free-lancing in the new Canadian oil-fields. * * We congratulate S. G. S. Pawle (1927-31) on the publication of his book, "Squash Rackets". As was to be expected in one of long experience both as a sports journalist and as an exponent of the game itself, the book is extremely well-written and informative and has had an excellent press. * * *

J. D. Dench (1937-47), who is nearing the end of his course at the Central School of Dramatic Art, is one of the two recipients of Artist in Residence Scholarships at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A. The award was made largely on the score of his work with the Central School and holds good for the coming academic year 1952-53. The course at the University of Georgia is that of its Department of Speech and Drama. The aim of the Scholarships is to "promote international understanding through the particular medium of American stage procedures and technique". The year in the U.S.A. should prove valuable experience and we congratulate Dench on his distinction.

Meanwhile his fellow O.P.s who have also chosen the stage as a career continue with their West End "winners", George Radford (1939-48) in "Reluctant Heroes" at the Whitehall Theatre, and James Thompson (1937-42) in "Penny Plain" at the St. Martin's.

BIRTHS

BROCKBANK.—On 15th January, 1952, at Hertford County Hospital, to Pamela (née Parker), wife of James Tyrrell Brockbank — a son. [1928-39.]

CALEY.—To Dr. and Mrs. J. P. Caley, 34 Carterknowle Road, Sheffield, on 29th December, 1951—a son (Richard Michael).

[School House, 1938-43.]

JAQUES.--On 29th December, 1951, in Manila, Philippines, to Stanley H. and Sarah Jaques (nee Wilson)—a daughter (Mary Elahna). [1926-30.]

WALL.—On 7th March, 1952, to Catharine (nee Colver) and Leonard J. L. Wall, of 2 Bolsover Street, London, W.1—a son (Peter Leonard). [1927-30.]

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MARRIAGES ATKINSON—BOWRING. On 8th February, 1952, at Mackworth, Derby, by Canon J. A. J. Atkinson, of Woodston, Peterborough, E. G. B. (Barry) Atkinson, son of Mrs. A. D. Atkinson, of Darley Abbey, Derby, and the late Rev. A. D. Atkinson, to Daphne Mary Camilla Bowring, S.R.N., only daughter of Lt.-Col. E. Langley Bowring, D.S.O., O.B.E., and Mrs. Bowring, of Greystones, Felpham, Bognor Regis. [Clifton Grove, 1920-24.]

CATO—FENWICK. At St. Andrew's Church, Sharrow, by the Rev. A. Knowles, James Antony Cato to Patricia Anne Fenwick.

[1936-40.]

DENBY—CARR. On Tuesday, 26th February, 1952, at the Parish Church, Ilkley, G. W. Denby to Avril, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. T. P. Carr. [1937-40.]

HUNTLEY—NEWTON. On 15th March, 1952, at Bishopwearmouth Church, Sunderland, William Gregson Huntley, son of Mr. • and Mrs. W. G. Huntley, of 6 Ashwood Terrace, Sunderland, to Joyce, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. D. Newton, of 18 Netherburn Road, Sunderland. [1939-43.]

ARWOOD—WRINCH. On 12th January, 1952, at Thorpe-leSoken, Capt. Malcolm Ballinger Marwood, 8th Hussars, to June Wrinch. [1932-36.]

MURRAY—MACKINTOSH. On 2nd January, 1952, at Christchurch Cathedral, Nassau, Bahamas, Captain Ronald L. Murray, of York, to Eileen Mackintosh, of Kingston, Jamaica, formerly of Didsbury, Manchester. [1936-43.]

HARDLOW—ROOME. On 15th April, 1952, at St. Matthew's Church, Hutton Buscel, Ambrose John, son of Rev. and Mrs. J. A. Shardlow, to Patricia Mary, daughter of Rev. J. V. Roome.

[1940-44.]

- ENGAGEMENTS BRINDLEY—TERRY. The engagement is announced between Ronald Anthony, youngest son of Mr. and Mrs. C. Brindley, 17 Ladywood Avenue, Petts Wood, Kent, and Patricia Eileen Terry, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Terry, 21 North Cray Road, Sidcup, Kent. [1940-45.]

PING—SPEED. The engagement is announced between Alan Campbell, elder son of Mr. and Mrs. A. Wentworth Ping, St. Peter's School, York, and Dorothy Joan, youngest daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. T. Speed, of Port Lincoln, South Australia.

[1929-38.]

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PARKINSON—WILLOUGHBY. The engagement is announced between Ronald Curnow, elder son of the late Mr. and Mrs. William Parkinson, of Petergate, York, and Pamela Mary Norton, daughter of the late Commander A. N. Willoughby, R.N., and of Mrs. Peter Warren, Breach House, Cholsey, Berkshire. [1918-24.]

RINGROSE—LINDLEY. The engagement is announced between Peter Francis, elder son of Mr. and Mrs. Sydney H. Ringrose, of New Earswick, York, and Jean Louise, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. Bernard Lindley, of Follifoot Ridge, near Harrogate. [1940-44.]

VERO—JACOMB. The engagement is announced between Captain G. W. Vero, Royal Signals, son of Colonel and Mrs. W. Vero, of Nairobi, Kenya, and Elizabeth, second daughter of Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Jacomb, of 20 Addison Road, London, W.14. [1935-40.]

OXFORD LETTER OXFORD.

April, 1952.

Dear Sirs, We feel that we must start this letter on a triumphant note by mentioning the Boat Race. The result was, we must confess, a great surprise to us, but we had always felt sure that the law of averages would not let Oxford down for ever.

This term we alternately reached for our umbrellas and our parasols, the former, as usual, being an easy winner. However, rain didn't altogether damp our spirits and we managed to see quite a bit of the more sociable of our number.

In this connection we deplore the lapse of our Dinner this year.

(This is due mainly to the inactivity of the Second Year contingent.

He, however, pleads lack of members resident and also lack of support for last year's event.)

And so to the real purpose of this letter :A. R. Royle (B.N.C.) sports a hockey stick in his rooms, but we have yet to see him use it. Perhaps he is going to play golf with it, as he always used to at York ! He has already decided to find digs. as near Cowley as possible.

H. Murray (Jesus) apparently joined in his college's frivolities on St. David's Day. As a result of this celebration we are told that eighty undergraduates found their bicycles bereft of saddles in the morning.

I. G. Cobham (Magdelen) has, we trust, recovered from his exams., but we have still seen little of him. He tours the streets of this city on a bicycle with two "hooters" on it, sounding a fanfare as often as is possible and more than is necessary.

,

W. S. Samuels (Wadham) still walks the streets gazing dreamily in any direction but our own, and always contentedly humming a tune to himself. We feel sure that he is planning some terrible evil, and that something "big" is bound to happen before he goes down.

P. R. Sykes (St. Edmund Hall) has now sunk to the obscurity of the engaged man, or can it be that the thought of Finals is worrying him? He was seen at the Soccer Cuppers Final, which his college won, but, much to the disgust of our soccer enthusiast, he seemed to take more interest in two cocker spaniels than in the game.

J. C. M. Rayson (B.N.C.) was also more interested in the spaniels, but then his college were the losers. He owns a very good set of darts and is an expert at the game, as we learnt to our cost on more than one occasion.

D. P. Norwood (Hertford) still pays frequent visits to London to support "Proud Preston". He claimed at the start of term to be economising, but all his good resolutions were soon broken and we are glad to say that he was back to his normal jolly self eventually.

Hoping to hear from "the other place" soon,* and wishing the School every success, * So are we.—Ed. We remain, Sirs, THE OXFORD OLD PETERITES.

THE FRANK PICK PRIZE FOR DESIGN The coming Speech Day and Prize Distribution will see the first award of the 'Frank Pick Prize for Design'. Upon the occasion of the recent unveiling of the Memorial to this distinguished Old Peterite, Art as a School subject took on a new significance in the remembrance of a personality famous for achievement in the hitherto unexplored fields of applied Commercial and Industrial Design. And to perpetuate the significance of Art at St. Peter's School, coupled with the name of its unconscious patron, a group of Old Peterites has endowed this new prize.

It seems fitting that an eminent scholar, known the world over for his writings on every aspect of man's creative activity, and a former friend of Frank Pick, should set the work and make the award on the first occasion of the prize's presentation. We must thank Dr. Herbert Read, D.S.O., M.C., for so willingly accepting this task.

When the writer was talking to him about the particular nature of the prize some time ago, Dr. Read recalled that one item in the furnishings of London Transport's stations caused Frank Pick 9

constant irritation. This was the automatic chocolate and cigarette slot machine. Space was rented by the owners of these machines from London Transport, and Frank Pick was unable to control, in any way, their appearance. That they were, by nature, hideously conceived objects merely rubbed salt in the wound. Their only merit was their functional success—you put your coins in—you got your chocolate out. Such machines are largely unknown to the present generation of schoolboy, but they can be given some idea of their grossness by making the comparison with the platform ticket machines still fostered

by British Railways, and if anything, even uglier.

Dr. Read therefore thought it particularly suitable that the first subject set for the prize award should be the designing of a chocolate slot machine that would have gladdened the heart of Frank Pick— an "objet d'art" possessing complete functional quality—and as a result many boys in the School have suddenly become "design conscious" and are now noticing the aesthetic or non-aesthetic qualities of the things they daily use in the routine of living. Surely this is the greatest memorial Frank Pick would have wished in his old school, for only since he left school has education deemed the development of an appreciation for design in function and appearance an aid to the living of a fuller and happier life.

A.G.C.

The Frank Pick Prize has been awarded for the year 1952 to .1 M. A. Butterworth (Lower VIth).

Dr. Herbert Read, who judged the entries at the end of the Easter Term, also commended the work of Botterill (IVc), Leonard (IVc), and T. Wilkinson (Transitus).

VALETE AND SALVETE VALETE (March, 1952) THE RISE M. C. M. Lochore. Lower VI. House Monitor. School Cert., 1950. Civil Service Examination (Written), 1951. Colts XV, 1949-50. 1st XV, 1950-51-52. Colours, 1950-51-52. Rowed for 3rd IV, 1951; 2nd IV, 1951. Colours, 1951. 1st VIII, 1951. Debating Society Committee.

Able Seaman in C.C.F. P.O. Examination, 1952. Cert. A, Part 1, 1950.

Efficiency Badge. 1st Class Shot.

C. R. Ackroyd. 1948-52. Transitus. Signals Sergeant in C.C.F. Cert. A, 1952. Assistant Signals Instructor's Certificate. Proficiency Badge, 1952.

1st Class Shot.

SALVETE (January, 1952)

J. C. Armstrong. Shell A. I. Wilson. Shell A.

THE MANOR

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SCHOOL OFFICERS Easter Term, 1952 HEAD OF SCHOOL: J. T. ANKERS. SCHOOL MONITORS :

Head of The Grove: D. I. FLETCHER. Head of The Manor: J. J. YOULL. Head of The Rise: P. D. F. JAMES. Head of School House: D. G. HILTON. Head of Temple: J. T. ANKERS. Chapel Monitor: E. ROBINSON. A. N. WYATT-GUNNING. J. M. RAYLOR. HOUSE MONITORS : The Grove: J. C. DENT, M. J. F. EVERITT, G. B. PULLAN, J. E. SMITH, J. WHITTAKER, M. J. WOOD. The Manor: R. D. PALFRAMAN, H. W. J. RIGG, S. H. STOREY, J. B. WEIGHTMAN.

The Rise: J. E. B. ANNEQUIN, D. COVERDALE, E. G. DIXON, L. C. M. LOCHORE, M. B. MARKUS, H. P. G. SHAW. School House: A. W. DRIVER, J. M. HOLT, P. S. LUMBY, M. S. MILNE, C. V. ROBERTS, C. K. SMITH. Temple: J. E. FAWCETT, B. MEREDITH, G. W. RILEY, S. J. WHITE. GAMES CAPTAINS : Captain of Rugger: A. N. WYATT-GUNNING. Captain of Hockey: J. T. ANKERS. Captain of Boats: J. WHITTAKER. Captain of Shooting: H. W. J. RIGG. Captain of Squash: M. J. WOOD. Captain of Fencing: C. V. ROBERTS. EDITORS OF "THE PETERITE" : D. G. HILTON, R. D. PALFRAMAN, E. ROBINSON, R. D. WHEATLEY, J. T. ANKERS.

HOUSE NOTES THE GROVE At the beginning of term we returned to find our Housemaster temporarily leading the life of a bachelor as Mrs. Harding had unfortunately contracted mumps during the holidays and was still in quarantine. Mr. Harding was confident of warding off the germs, but for once his confidence was misplaced, and he was forced into the "San." about two weeks after our return to School. However, Mr. Craven deputised very efficiently, and both Mr. and Mrs. Harding 11

returned to the House before half-term. Apart from these regrettable incidents, however, the House could show a clean bill of health until the last week or so of term, when the very thought of athletics was perhaps the cause of some mild illness !

We increased our lead in the Work Cup Competition this term, and after a bad start the House worked hard and satisfactory results were obtained in the trial exams. at the end of term. In the C.C.F. also,' a lot of work was done for the Cert. "A" exams., and in these most of the House candidates were successful. G. B. Pullan was awarded a trip to Berlin and spent two days there during the term, while M. J. F. Everitt has passed most of the tests towards gaining a Flying Scholarship.

Music has occupied a prominent place in the life of the School this term and members of the Grove occupied prominent places in all the musical activities. Pride of place must be given to W. B. Hawkins, who played the violin in the National Youth Orchestra during the holidays. P. L. Bardgett and D. K. Hodd were our representatives in the Choir, and Pullan, R. Shepherd and E. H. N. Turner gave solos in the Music Society's concert at the end of term.

It was the Grove's turn to give a programme of lectures at one of the Science Society's meetings this term and talks were given by Everitt on "Television", A. E. Wick on "Explosives", and D. A. Stabler on "Chocolate Manufacture". The House Gramophone Society again flourished this term (despite a relapse into "popular" music during Mr. Harding's absence) with fortnightly programmes presented by different people. We must thank Mr. and Mrs. Harding for the use of their gramophone and for providing refreshments after each meeting. We must also thank M. J. Kent for his efficiency as Secretary throughout the year.

A Model Railway Club was formed again this term and was well patronised, but our newly-equipped hobbies room was not as much used as it should have been. A lot of chess was played this term and a chess ladder was instituted, but in this case practice evidently did not make perfect for Temple beat us in the inter-House competition by three matches to one.

Turning finally to sport, we have to report a term of mingled disappointment and success. For the second year in succession we got both our crews to the final of their divisions in the Boating Competition only to be beaten there. Our senior crew beat Rise by 3/ lengths in the semi-final, but against the Manor in the final one of the seats of the boat came off its slide several times, and, thus handicapped, the crew did very well to be beaten by only 11 lengths. In the Junior Division we beat Rise and School House but lost again to the Manor in the final. We congratulate the Manor on thus "completing the double" over us.

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In the Cross-country race we had only two of last year's runners remaining, and it was not through lack of hard training that our team could only finish third. This was the first time that we had failed to win the Cross-country Plate since the Grove was re-established.

We did, however, manage to regain the Squash Cup by beating the Rise by 3 games to 2 (after being 2-1 down) in the semi-final and the Manor by 3 games to 0 in the final.

We improved considerably on last year's debacle in the Standards, and despite muttered imprecations against slave-driving captains of athletics and prayers for snow (which were partly answered) and floods, we succeeded in finishing second to the Rise. On Sports Day our successes were mainly confined to the High Jumps, all of which we won, and in this connection we must congratulate W. S. A. Maxwell on beating the Intermediate High Jump record by nearly three inches. D. Pfluger also did very well to win two events and come second in a third.

Finally we congratulate D. I. Fletcher on representing the Yorkshire Schools at rugger during the Christmas holidays, L. Pullan on the re-award of his Hockey Colours, Fletcher and Wood on the award of their Hockey Colours, and C. M. C. Burdass on representing the 2nd Hockey XI. THE MANOR This has been one of the most successful terms we have been able to record for some time. It began with Palframan winning the General Knowledge Prize, not unexpectedly, since he is well known for his great store of information. Several other Manorites did well in their own forms.

Our first sports success came in the Cross-country run, when we recovered the Trophy which the Manor last held twenty years ago.

The credit for this well-deserved victory goes to Raylor and his enthusiastic team who devoted many of their leisure hours to arduous training. The team, with their individual positions, was :—Raylor (2), Rigg (7), Humble (8), Spencer (9), Greenwood (11), Elston (14), Jackson, R. (19), and Palframan, who nobly sacrificed his own chances to help an opponent fallen by the way. Humble and Spence were awarded House Colours. It is very gratifying to see that at last the House is taking an effective interest in this event, which has been ignored for so long. Let us hope that our future generations will follow the excellent example set by this year's team.

It was, however, on the river that our greatest achievements were attained. In the Senior Division of the rowing, after a comfortable victory over School House, our crew went on to beat Grove in a very exciting race. Although Grove were unlucky and we offer them our sympathies, there can be little doubt that fortune favoured the better 13

crew and that we fully deserved our success. House Colours were awarded to Weightman and Jackson, R. Our junior crew completed the double by winning their races against Temple in the semi-final and Grove in the final. We congratulate all our boaters on their splendid performances.

At one time, after defeating Temple and School House, we held high hopes of winning the Squash Cup, which we have been trying in vain to do for several years. Grove, however, thwarted our ambitions by beating us very easily in the final. At chess we were even more unsuccessful, losing to School House in our first match.

Once again we failed in the athletics, chiefly because of our poor results in the Standards. In spite of the efforts of many, and particularly of Raylor, who gained full points again, our averages were very low, and we started Sports Day far behind the other Houses.

Our results in the actual events were really quite good, and with better support from everyone in the Standards we would have finished in a much higher position.

However, in spite of this, we have made a good start towards the Oxford Cup, and are looking forward to next term with confidence.

As usual the Manor has been well represented in School teams.

Raylor and Booth won their Hockey Colours, and Rigg captained with varying success both the 2nd XI and the shooting team. Weightman and Darley, •., also were awarded Shooting Colours. Storey and 4 Quarmby, M., played chess for the School.

Several people in the House took advantage of the carpentry classes which were provided during the term, and gained much pleasure and useful instruction from them. Accordingly the hobbies' room has been used even more than usual and the tools supplied by the School were in great demand. The reading room also has been popular, especially during the bad weather, when chess or reading were our main amusements. A number of people have been playing badminton and basket ball in the gym. and appear to derive considerable enjoyment from their games.

House funds this term have been devoted partly to "repairs and replacements"—squash racquets, drills for the hobbies' room, and so on—and partly to the purchase of some zephyrs with House colours for the use of House teams. They are of pleasing design and should be useful in a number of sports.

THE RISE This term has not been one of sporting successes, the House losing two major cups.

The 1st IV proved unable to retain the Boating Cup for the third year in succession, but they made a gallant fight, losing a hard race to 14

Grove, after beating Temple in the first round. The 2nd IV had the usual trouble—too many crabs.

Once again we gained a lead in Athletics Standards, but it was not quite sufficient to hold the victors. Temple proved their superiority on Sports Day, but they had to wait until the last race before they were assured of victory.

The chess team went very close to winning the cup, which has so far eluded us, but once again Temple narrowly beat us.

The cross-country team was a disappointment, but it had a more youthful appearance this year, and we look forward to a brighter future.

The Grove just beat us by the odd game in five in the squash semifinals.

During the Christmas holidays Wyatt-Gunning was selected to play for Yorkshire P.S. XV for the second year in succession against Wales and Durham.

The House have once again taken a keen interest in School societies. We had no less than eight platform speakers this term in the Debating Society. It was our turn to provide an evening's entertainment at the Science Society, a report of which appears elsewhere.

The Rise Philatelic Society has been such a success that it was decided that boys from other Houses should be invited to join, and the Club meets weekly in the Reading Room under the guidance of B. M. Nendick.

We had our usual share in the School teams. Wyatt-Gunning, Reid-Smith, and James were awarded their 1st XI Hockey Colours.

James and Beachell were also awarded their School Squash Colours.

The Model Railway Club has continued to flourish and the interest is still keen.

We are now getting down to decorating the Reading Room with victorious House team photographs. These photographs will be hung in much the same way as the House group photographs, but will only consist of the major teams.

Our appeal for books for the Rise Library was a complete failure, and we once again make a request for old books.

We say goodbye to Ackroyd this term, and we wish him good luck in his new career.

15

SCHOOL HOUSE Easter is always the busiest term. In the space of twelve short weeks, we must hustle through hockey, boating, rugger, cross country running, athletics, squash and shooting, with the "trials" thrown in for good measure. Before we know where we are, the end of term is upon us, and we must dutifully assess and report our progress.

-

Before we go into details, let it be said that, for those who measure

success by the weight of silver on "the shelf", it has not been a

particularly successful term. But the success of a House goes far deeper than that. It is something less tangible, and real success does not merely depend on natural ability, but embodies many qualities, not the least of which is the ability to accept defeat cheerfully and still continue to give of one's very best, regardless of the odds. None can deny that the foundations of such qualities are very firmly established in the House, and it is only a matter of time until the trophy-seekers reap their harvest.

At the beginning of term, we welcomed Mr. Morris, a student master officially attached to the House. Although his stay was short, he quickly gained the confidence and respect of us all; and no one could fail to catch the infectious enthusiasm with which he approached all our activities. Chief of these was the rowing, and he coached a senior crew which was beaten in the inter-House races, more by adverse conditions than by their opponents. The crew rowed splendidly, and fought every inch of the way. The junior crew also put up a gallant show but could not hold the Grove boat.

Meanwhile the hockey season was in full swing, Hudson gaining his 2nd XI Colours, and Lumby, Walton, and Wetherell, P., being selected for the 2nd XI. In spite of much hard training the cross-country team could not hold the other Houses, but the athletics told a different story. The House made a really concerted effort both during Standards and an Sports Day. No fewer than five Juniors—Bell, Clemons, Crosskill, Peat, and Jackson, E.A.—gained maximum points, as well as Nesham; Pacey and Willstrop were one point off and there were many others with performances almost as good. In the Sports, Driver, Nesham, Crosskill, and Pacey were all winners (the latter setting up a new record for the Cricket Ball), and with a number of "places", we were "in it" until the end. As a result, Smith, C. K., and Firth were awarded their Senior, and Pacey and Crosskill their Junior House Colours.

In the minor sports, we must congratulate Lumby and Lewis, J., on the award of their Shooting Colours. The squash team lost to the Manor, and here it is pertinent to remark that the standard might be a lot higher if more activity had taken place on the House squash ladder. We must, however, congratulate Pacey on winning the School Junior Championship. We had a good representation in 16

the Junior rugger team, namely Bell, Peat, Jackson, E.A., Crosskill, Hardy, and Robbins Jones.

Early in the term we revived the House Committee, and an incredible number of tasks, both great and small, were devised and accomplished. When the expected bad weather came we were not unprepared. Chess, ping-gong, and Subbutes (table soccer) competitions were arranged; Holmes organised three league divisions for the last, and being the only one who could follow the complicated calculations, ended up as league champion. Mr. Hawkins kindly continued to give carpentry instruction to a number of Housites, while Simmons employed his spare time most profitably, gaining his Royal Aero Club Gliding Licence.

In the musical world we were well represented in the Choral Society and in the School Concert. The House Proms. continued to flourish under Howat, J., and on the last Sunday of term, the Middles, fresh from their success of last term, presented "The Mikado". In so doing they devised a new form of entertainment, with the actors speaking the dialogue, and a concealed gramophone supplying the music. All the cast—Hick, Howat, C., Middlebrook, P. J., Nesham, Rice, Taylor, Thomas, and Willstrop—are to be congratulated on putting on such a colourful and amusing show. The scenery and costumes were excellent, and with Howat, J., McCallum, and Leonard backstage the whole enterprise (produced, of course, by Middlebrook, P. W.) went like clockwork.

We still note with some misgiving our low position in the Work Cup Competition, and we were about to write a gloomy paragraph on this subject when the news of Hilton's Open Scholarship to The Queen's College, Oxford, was received. We congratulate him heartily on this magnificent achievement and we hope that any flagging spirits in the House will be encouraged to follow this example of what hard work and determination can do.

And so we finished a sound and happy term. As we glance back over this record we are again gratified to find so many boys participating and helping in House and School activities. So long as this spirit of endeavour and willing service continues, the House can never fall far short of its true purpose.

TEMPLE It is a commonly heard complaint that House Notes tend to degenerate into nothing more than a list of successes, narrow failures and congratulations, so it was with some misgiving and not a little despondency that your chronicler sat down to try to make his inventory sound in some way original. Having toyed with the idea of perpetuating for posterity an example of that strange phenomenon of contemporary life at St. Peter's—"Rise idiom"—and having dismissed as more appropriate to the Sunday newspapers the possibility 17

of using journalese, he finally resigned himself to follow the more customary path.

Among the minor excitements of the term can be numbered the appearance of mice in the New Building, and the performance of three stalwarts, Staines, Bird, and Robinson, during Temple's evening at the Science Society. They spoke respectively of bats, birds and blood.

In the sphere of the classroom S. J. White gained entry to Worcester College, Oxford, and R. N. Johnson won the General Knowledge Prize for forms below the Sixth. In this connection we feel almost justified in basking in the glory, albeit reflected, of R. D. Palframan's success in winning the Sixth Form Prize, for did not his brain mature last term, largely in the coffee and thought-laden atmosphere of the Temple monitorial "salon"? Further evidence of our high general level of intelligence was furnished by Herring and his band of "dreadnoughts" who carried off the Chess Trophy.

And so at last to our performances on the sports field. Undoubtedly our greatest achievement as a House was the winning of the Athletics Shield, a particularly gratifying success as it indicates a very real effort on the part of every single individual. In the Crosscountry event, though as a team we were less fortunate and could only gain second place, Meredith covered himself with glory, and surprisingly little mud, to become the second holder of the Goodburn Cup. Our performances in the Boating were less spectacular, but no less encouraging, as our two young fours both acquitted themselves very creditably, although the Second boat were conceding nearly two stones per man to their Manor opponents. The House squash team this year looked stronger than it has been for some time, owing in no small measure to the enthusiasm of our Captain, J. E. Fawcett, who was a member of the School team, but it fared little better than usual, weakened as it was by an injury to Bough. We were well represented in the various School teams; Ankers captained the hockey side, and White and Fawcett both gained 1st XI Colours, while Bird is to be congratulated on following in his brother's footsteps in the Shooting Eight. A number of House Colours were awarded this term, to R. B. Atkinson for Cross-country and Athletics, and to B. Meredith and R. N. Johnson for Athletics.

And finally a word about music. The achievements of the brothers Atkinson in this field are dealt with elsewhere in greater detail, but we would heartily congratulate them and all other Templars who have contributed so much towards the music of the School in general, and in particular to the success of the Concert. It is, we feel, indicative of the lively and most welcome interest which is being displayed by members of Temple in those activities which are not strictly confined to the classroom and the playing field.

Note. The modesty of "your chronicler" appears to have omitted the fine achievements of J. T. Ankers in the winning of the Mile and the Half Mile, and to his very fine running in the Quarter Mile Relay, which did so much to win the Athletic Shield for the House.

18

I

THE OXFORD CUP, 1951-52 (Holders :

THE

GRovE)

The following table gives the points gained up to date Points

Senior Rugger Junior Rugger Senior Cricket ...

Junior Cricket Rowing (1st Division) Rowing (2nd Division) Athletics, 1st Athletics, 2nd Cross-country, 1st Cross-country, 2nd Swimming, 1st Swimming, 2nd ...

Squash ...

Tennis Shooting (Team) ...

Fencing

Awarded Grove • •• • •• • •• • ••

••..

• •• •••

•.•

•••

••• • ••

...

20 10 20 10 20

— — — — -

10

— — — — — — — 10 — — — — 10 —

20 10 10 5 10 5 10 10 5 5 180

Manor

— —

— 20 10 — — 10 — — — — — — 40 —

Rise

20 — — — — —

:-

School House Temple

10

— — — —

— 10 — —

— — —

— 20 — — 5 —

—

— — — — — 30 —

— — — — — —

— — — — 35 —

GAMES COMMITTEE MEETING On Friday, 1st February, the Committee met for the first time this year to discuss and make recommendations for a new 1st XI Cricket blazer. As the old style blazer (navy blue and white vertical stripes) was no longer obtainable, except at prohibitive prices, it was proposed that the new cricket colours should be a navy blue blazer, with a white band on the lapels, pockets and sleeves, and a breast pocket bearing the School crest, a crown, and the letters S.P.S.C.C. (in Gothic design), all embroidered in white.

It was further proposed and agreed that dates should be omitted from all colour blazers, and replaced by the appropriate lettering.

There was no further business.

CHAPEL NOTES We held our Memorial Service for King George VI at 3-0 p.m. on the afternoon of the Funeral at Windsor; using our own Form of Service, which began with the singing by the Choir of the Sentences in the Burial Office to the music of Croft, and ended with the singing of that triumphant hymn "Jesus lives".

19

Previously, indeed on the first Sunday of term, we had taken part again—after a year's interval—in the Epiphany Procession in York Minster. On the last Sunday of term, Passion Sunday, the Choral Society sang an excerpt from Part ii of Handel's Messiah, and a special service was devised round this, with appropriate lessons and hymns.

But the great event of any Easter Term is our Annual Confirmation, and the following boys were Confirmed by the Bishop of Selby in the School Chapel on Friday, 14th March :P. L. Bellwood, J. D. Birch, R. M. Botterill, K. Brown, H. C. Bulmer,

J. F. Cappleman, A. M. Carr, R. J. Catchpole, C. Charlesworth, P. B. Clayton, G. R. H. Clemons, C. R. Clough, R. F. Coates, R. I. Collinson, W. B. Crosskill, J. R. Dawson, M. W. Dennis, J. R. Dodsworth, R. C. Eastwood, J. C. Fox, P. J. French, E. M. Gray, A. G. Hall, F. W. Hardy, A. I. Harrison, B. A. Heap, C. G. Howat, J. B. Huzzard, A. J. Isherwood, M. Kay, F. A. L. Kirby, G. C. J. Kirk, D. A. A. Lamb, J. R, J. Leishman, R. G. Le Pla, P. R. B. Megginson, R. E. L. Micklethwaite, P. W. Middlebrook, E. I. Moore, J. E. Moore, J. R. Moore, J. D. Morrison, D. C. Parry, R. D. J. Pattison, M. T. Powell, A. G. Quarmby, T. J. Robbins-Jones, P. S. Roe, J. W. Rudd, R. M. Scarth, W. T. Shaw, D. J. E. Sherry, J. R. Shirtcliffe, A. G. D. Staines, R. M. Stork, J. R. Tomlinson, E. H. N. Turner, R. N. Unwin, C. J. Vyle, T. Watson, J. B. Wilkinson, M. Willstrop, R. N. Worsley; sixty-three boys in all.

D. M. Walker completed his course of Preparation, but was unfortunately prevented from being Confirmed by illness. He was Confirmed at Clifton Parish Church on 8th April.

Our visiting preachers this term have been The Dean of York and Canon Addleshaw, of York Minster, to whom we offer our grateful thanks for their help.

A special word of gratitude is due to the Chapel Monitor and his band of Servers, to whom we welcome a new recruit in R. D. Palframan. Even in the darkest days of January the Servers never failed. As during last Lent it was very good to see the regular attendance of a number of boys at the week-day Celebrations of Holy Communion. Those who were Confirmed made their first Communion on Sunday, 16th March—a great occasion.

C.P.

THE CHOIR The new arrangements for a separate Junior School service on weekdays mean that the Choir sings together less than it has hitherto, but this does not seem so far to have affected the standard of singing in the Sunday services.

After being unable to take part last year, we once more, this term, took the r6le of Everyman in the Epiphany procession in York Minster.

20

L

Two of the carols sung in this service—"The Noble Stem of Jesse" and "Ding-dong Ding"—were repeated on the two succeeding Sundays as anthems.

The other special service was the Memorial Service for His Majesty King' George VI when the Choir sang the introductory sentences of the Burial Service to music by Croft. Two anthems sung regularly in Chapel were rendered at Evensong during the term—Bairstow's "The King of Love" and "Insanae et Vanae Curae" by Haydn; while the School joined with the Choir on two other Sundays in singing Walmisly's setting of the Evening •Service in ID minor and Stanford's setting in B flat. The anthem "Oculi Omnium" by Charles Wood, new to the School, was also sung on one of the Sundays during Lent.

THE MESSIAH, PART 2 After tracing the Passion of our Lord with the help of Bach's "St. Matthew Passion" last year, it was decided this year to hear the story anew in Handel's "Messiah". Consequently on Passion Sunday we attended Chapel for a special service in which the lessons, hymns, and excerpts from Part 2 of the "Messiah" reconstructed for us the message of Passiontide. For this service the Chapel Choir was augmented; Mr. Wicks played the organ, and Mr. Waine conducted.

In a performance such as this it is necessary for a Choir to sing not only with confidence but also with feeling. Unless the meaning of the words is conveyed to the congregation then the singing loses its point. The confidence was forthcoming but in some places the appreciation of the words was missing, especially amongst the younger trebles. Occasionally—in the chorus "Surely He hath borne our griefs" for example—the words really were felt and the atmosphere became "electric", bringing the message of the words home to us of the present day, as if we were in fact not spectators but actors in the drama of the Passion.

There was only one aria, the prophecy of Isaiah "He was despised, rejected of men, a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief". It was sung by J. A. Sutton whose interpretation was one of the memorable parts of the service. His alto voice is powerful in the middle and upper registers but some of the lower notes only came with difficulty. His singing of "He hid not his face from shame and spitting" was particularly impressive. The recitative "All they that see Him" was the only other piece not sung by the chorus, and was sung in unison by a trio of the Choir tenors. What it gained in confidence it lacked in personal treatment; the risk of giving it to a soloist would have been well worth taking.

The School played its part in the service by singing four hymns.

It is fitting that of the hymns we sing in Chapel, three of the bestloved ones should have formed part of this passion-tide service.

21

THE CURIA After a short business meeting in which a new Chairman, R. D. Palframan, and a new Secretary, S. J. White, were elected, and the term's programme decided, the first general meeting was held on 21st February, when E. Robinson introduced a discussion on emigration. His theme was that emigration was not merely desirable but necessary if Britain were to regain a true economic balance. In spite of the poor attendance, the discussion which followed was lively and most of the topics raised were relevant. The general conclusion was that mass-emigration would be beneficial to the country but seemed impossible at present, and, even if it were possible, this solution to our economic problems would only be temporary; a better policy to follow was one of more thorough development of the existing resources and agricultural facilities of the country.

At the next meeting, S. H. Storey, a member of the Society, read a paper on Cuban Life. Having lived in Cuba for so many years he was able to give us a very amusing and enlightening talk which was enriched by his answers to the many questions at the end. The character of the Cubans has been governed by two factors—ancestry and environment. They are a mixture of Spanish and Negro; from the former they inherit a mercurial temperament and from the latter a bent towards superstition. The climate makes them unwilling to work so that they spend most of their time on their hobbies—love and politics. A description of the form of the island's government ended with the reflection that politics were very popular in Cuba at present as there is a lot of money in it—just waiting to be stolen. We are indebted to Storey for his interesting paper and the able manner in which he answered the many and varied questions.

The third and last meeting, held while five of our members were at Oxford, was devoted to the reading of a paper by Mr. L. Burgess on "The Elizabethan Underworld". He first of all outlined the social, economic and historical circumstances which had given rise to the considerable criminal class of Elizabeth's time, and then pointed out that the criminals did not work independently of each other but banded together into fraternities. There was, he said, a marked difference between the trickster in London and the common cheats and vagrants who roamed the countryside. The crooks of London were described at length and two in particular were mentioned—Moll Cutpurse, an amazing woman who, as Queen of the Underworld, controlled a vast criminal organisation, and the later Jonathan Wild, the notorious London fence immortalised by Gay in "The Beggars' Opera". Our thanks are due to Mr. Burgess for a most interesting paper.

Considering the shortness of the term and the numerous out-ofschool activities which take place during the Easter Term, the Society 22

4

I

has had an encouraging series of meetings. The standard of the meetings would improve even more, however, if everyone realised his responsibility as a member of the Society and not only attended the meetings but took a more active part in them.

THE LIBRARY Librarian:

L. BURGESS, Esq.

Library Monitors :

D. G. Hilton, E. Robinson, S. H. Storey, E. G. Dixon, D. A. Haxby, H. P. G. Shaw, C. K. Smith.

The following books have been kindly presented to the School Library by W. J. CLARK, O.P. :— English Diaries and Journals—O'Brien.

Voltaire—Andre Maurois.

The Art of Living—Andre Maurois.

Courage—J. M. Barrie.

States and Morals—Weldon.

Diplomacy—Harold Nicholson.

Three Men in a Boat—Jerome K. Jerome.

Three Men on the Bummel—Jerome K. Jerome.

An Introduction to the Study of Literature—W. Hudson.

The Rise of Christianity—E. W. Barnes.

Perfume from Provence—Hon. Lady Fortescue.

Vanity Fair—W. M. Thackeray.

Music—Sir H. Hadon.

Intelligent Listening to Music—W. H. Johnson.

Balletomania—A. Haskell.

How to Look at Pictures—Sir R. C. Witt.

The Old Wives' Tale—Arnold Bennett.

Tristram Shandy—Laurence Sterne.

Hebridean Journey—Halliday Sutherland.

Andorra—Isabelle Sandy.

Made in China—Cornelia Spencer.

The Far East since 1500—Paul E. Eekel.

The Development of Modern France—D. W. Brogan.

Notes on European History—Edwards.

The Age of Reform, 1815-70—Woodward.

Vols. 6, 8, 9. 10, 11, 12 of the Cambridge Modern History.

England, 1870-1914—Ensor.

War Memoirs of David Lloyd George (Vols. I and II).

Phillips Historical Atlas.

Other presentation copies for which the Librarians record their thanks are :"May" (presented by H. H. McGoverne, O.P., the translator)—Karel H. Macha.

Wonderful Australia in Pictures (presented on behalf of 100 Australian Scouts who visited York and were entertained at the School).

Squash Rackets (presented by the author, Gerald Pawle, O.P.).

23

Additions to the Library in the course of the term include :Russian Opera—Martin Cooper.

Gilbert and Sullivan—Arthur Jacobs.

Two Cheers for Democracy—E. M. Forster.

Poverty and the Welfare State—B. S. Rowntree and G. R. Lavers.

Life in a Medieval College—Frederick Harrison.

A Natural History of Man in Britain—H. I. Fleure.

The Struggle for Europe—Chester Wilmot.

The World of Science—F. Sherwood-Taylor.

Adventure Lies Ahead.

The Story of the Green Howards, 1939-1945—Synge.

THE DEBATING SOCIETY This term's debating started off in a somewhat disappointing fashion. Attendances were not good and the standard of speaking was below our normal level. An attempt to analyse the trouble led to no very important findings, though it is to be remarked that the Society depends largely on a knot of enthusiastic senior members, and a large number of keen junior members. The Committee came in for some criticism, and a change of constitution was ordained : in future the Committee will consist of five members elected by the Society, and one representative of each House. It is hoped that in this way it will become a more active body.

At the first of the term's five meetings Mr. Burgess and Everitt proposed that "This House views the prospect of universal television with misgiving". They feared the stamp of uniformity on our way of life, the dulling of our senses, the effect on home life, and eye-strain.

Oldroyd and Pegg, who opposed, both made their maiden speeches from the platform. They urged that television brought beneficial relaxation, with joy and amusement into many homes, that the effect on home life would be beneficial, that our senses would be stimulated, and so on. There were many speeches from the floor of the House, some of them repetitive and a number of them relevant. No doubt everybody was quite right, but the House has consistently refused to be worried about the future and voted true to form, rejecting the motion by 82 votes to 43. .

At the second meeting it had been decided to try once again two short debates. First, Lochore proposed "That Great Britain should become the 49th State". He foresaw financial, military and international gains from this arrangement. Wheatley, who opposed, claimed that British social and cultural life would be submerged by American influences, and he feared American interference in British internal affairs. Then, unfortunately, he mentioned chewing gum, 24

and this subject dominated the speeches from the floor. The defeat of the motion by 24 votes to 6 reflects the House's views on the chewing-gum habit, though there was a strong "Abstentionist Party" led by Hilton, whose impartial and highly critical remarks about the motion and everything said by everybody livened an otherwise dull discussion. This party was also vocal during the second debate : "That no man who reads his daily paper can remain an optimist".

The proposer was Meredith, who drew a dark picture of world affairs, and the opposer was Robinson, who denounced the proposal as cowardly and pessimistic. Robinson is an experienced debater and estimated his audience correctly, for he who can convince the St. Peter's School Debating Society that the other side lacks optimism is sure to carry the day. Accordingly, after some discussion about ostriches and sand, the House rejected the motion by 24 votes to 10, with 21 abstentions by those anxious to try a new experience— abstaining has not been a practice in the past.

The third meeting proved one of the most successful and enjoyable of the session. The Society heard Staines and Gardner proposing "That the pen is mightier than the sword". They claimed that the pen was the more subtle and so the more damaging, and stressed the power of propaganda and the press. Mr. Cummin and Shaw opposed the motion, basing their case on the argument that ultimate power lay with the sword—a fact recognised by the figure of Justice. Who could imagine that good lady presiding over the Old Bailey with scales in one hand, and no sword in the other? The House discussed censorship and imprisonment in dictator states, Marxism, Munich, the days of 1940, the history of Christianity, Korea (as usual) and other topics, all of them throwing light on the subject, before rejecting the motion by 18 votes to 17. Many contended that the pen and the sword operate in different spheres and that therefore the motion was not capable of discussion. Thompson, who made this point in a oneminute speech, found a good deal of support, and there were 21 abstentions.

At the fourth meeting the Secretary, Markus, rose to propose that "This House would offer equal pay for equal work". Supported by James, he based his claims on economic, moral, and democratic fundamentals—reward had to go to the deserving regardless of sex.

Youll, who was seconded by Driver, had studied the report of the Royal Commission, and was well armed with facts and figures and findings to maintain the opposition. They said, "Woman's place is in the home". The House, when the debate was thrown open, repeated this almost ad nauseam, though several speakers did camouflage the theme with different words. This, like chewing gum on an earlier occasion, became something of an "idee fixe" and carried the day.

Motion lost by 50 to 21.

25

The last meeting of the session was an attempt to combine a little consideration of relative values with a little entertainment, and the Society's balloon made an ascent with the following passengers :The philosopher, Plato (Haxby).

The man of letters, Master William Shakespeare (Ankers).

The man of science, Lord Lister (Hilton).

The man of action, Captain R. F. Scott (Robinson).

The sportsman, Mr. C. B. Fry (Gunning).

No one present, including the Chairman—"pilot" for this occasion —had had experience of this type of debate. However, the arrangements worked excellently, and the meeting proved most successful.

Each speaker was given two minutes; then the House was allotted an equivalent time to say what it thought, before voting.

As soon as the balloon had reached a sufficient height—not without signs of malaise among some of the passengers—the necessary leak was suspected, and quickly proved with the aid of a book of logarithms.

The Secretary had forgotten to put in the parachutes, and it became necessary for one passenger to jump to save the rest. Each was given two minutes in which to show why his services to mankind justified why he should NOT be sacrificed. Plato's philosophy failed to appeal, and out he went after a cheerful handshake all round. The leak continued, and though Shakespeare pointed out that it was not his fault that his work was used in schools, he went next. Perspiration and nervousness (literally) became apparent among the remaining trio, more, perhaps, at the thought of making another speech than at leaving the balloon. Lord Lister began to confuse anwsthetics and antiseptics. Capt. Scott rather airily announced his readiness to follow the example of Capt. Oates—or did someone tell him he jolly well ought to? Anyway, he went next. Throughout Mr. Fry had urged the benefits of good health derived from sport; but now he invited the House to contemplate scientists in the mass and consider whether they deserved to live. This for some reason sealed the fate of Lord Lister (by 79 votes to 78 !). The exponent of sport and the pilot then made a safe descent.

CORRESPONDENCE "ANOTHER SCHOOL POLL" We have received the following letter concerning an item in the last issue of "The Peterite". It is unfortunate that there has not been time to submit the criticisms to R. D. Wheatley, the author of the "Poll", for his observations. Editorially we would only remark that we do not understand our correspondent's figures for aspirants to the Legal Profession (his first paragraph). As printed in "The Peterite". the figure was 3 per cent of those interviewed. However, we can take no responsibility for the method of conducting the "Poll", and must leave it to R. D. Wheatley to justify himself 26

To The Editor of "The Peterite".

Dear Sir, It was with some regret that I read in the last edition of "The Peterite" that Mr. R. D. Wheatley had chosen to plague us with yet another poll. By all means, let him emulate Kipling's elephant-child and "satisfy his 'satiable curtiosity"; but must he make public his conclusions? He claims that his poll was "fairly representative"—yet he interviewed no School Monitors. Typical of his conclusions was that the number of boys intending to study Law has dropped in four years from 50 to 12; this was duly noted and, indeed, head-lined by a national newspaper. In actual fact, there are no fewer than 13 candidates for the legal profession in the Sixth Form alone.

My real grievance, however, lies in the inclusion of Question X :"Do you think the scope of the Music Society should be widened to include modern popular music?" Now, if Wheatley had troubled to make any inquiries at all, he would soon have discovered that the aim of the Music Society is "to provide its members with good music, which they would not otherwise have the opportunity of hearing".

These last words clearly rule out what Wheatley euphemistically terms "modern popular music", which, as everybody knows, is the regular fare of the typical common-room. The tastes of Mr. Wheatley and his friends are indeed well catered for.

It goes without saying that, as there is adequate opportunity for enjoying "modern popular music", it does not fall within the province of the Music Society. In short, Wheatley had no right at all to ask his question, since it was tantamount, not to widening the scope, but to altering the constitution of the Society, and changing its aims. By the same token, Wheatley would no doubt wish to widen the scope of the School Library by the regular provision of the latest comics. How true were his words "de gustibus non disputandum".

Yours, etc., D. G. HILTON.

HISTORICAL NOTE THE SCHOOL IN 1589 Dr. J. S. Purvis, the Minster Archivist, has sent us a copy of a letter of 1589, preserved in the Diocesan Register, from the then Archbishop of York to the Chief Judge of the Queen's Exchequer Court. The letter, a hitherto unnoticed document, is concerned mainly with the School's title to the Rectory of Stillingfleet, but its principal interest is the light which incidentally it sheds on the repute and numbers of St. Peter's School at that date. It comes as a surprise to find that in the year 1589 there were as many as "two hundred scholars or there27

abouts" attending the School. And the Archbishop's description of St. Peter's as "the only good school in this great city" is decisive refutation of the belief that in this period the School was eclipsed by the comparatively recent foundation of Archbishop Holgate (1547).

Furthermore it would seem that, circumstantially at any rate, here is further evidence to rebut the argument, used by Knight in his History of York, that St. Peter's went out of existence between the confiscation of St. Mary's Abbey in 1540 and the Charter of Philip and Mary of 1557 endowing the Horsefair School. It is hardly reasonable to suppose that starting, as it were, from scratch, and with the rival free school of Archbishop Holgate already ten years established, a new St. Peter's would have reached such numbers and reputation within 30 years and justified the Archbishop's observation that it "hath been verie well used these many years".

The revenues of the Stillingfleet living appear as a frequent subject of contention in the School's history. A further unsuccessful attempt was made to wrest them from the Dean and Chapter, who held them in trust for the School, in 1621, when, however, James I confirmed the title originally conferred by Philip and Mary. And they crop up at intervals throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. These revenues were a valuable portion of the Endowment, and, indeed, it was the reletting of the tithes in 1820 (when a long lease expired) at a rental much nearer their true value which saved the finances of the School in a difficult period and ensured the prosperity of the 19th century.* It is intriguing to find that in 1589 the Moyser family were already in possession of the Stillingfleet living. They held it, from father to son, at least until 1698, on long leases, at ridiculously low rentals. At the re-leasing of 1820, referred to above, tithes which had brought in a yearly rental of £50 could be relet at £1,200 per annum.

Until the discovery of this letter by Dr. Purvis our earliest date for the connection of the Moysers with Stillingfleet was 1621, when they defended the School's title at an expenditure of £100 of their own money—as well they might, since they enjoyed the lands for a paltry £70 p.a. rental, of which the •Dean pocketed £50 before anything reached the School. It appears now that they had already been entrenched for some thirty years.

L.B. The following is the text of the letter :"My verie good L. As I am informed, ther is a sute commensed and now dependinge before you and the rest of the barons in her Maiesties Courte of Exchequor by some pretendinge her highnes tytle to the Rectorie of Stillingflete in this countrie as a thing conceyled. it may please you thusmuche to knowe, that the same * The history (alas, largely of their misuse) of the endowments is fully dealt with in an article in "The Peterite" for May, 1948.

28

parsonage is the Revenewe of a free gramer schole here in Yorke and appropryated to the Deane and Chapter of the Church of Yorke for that use and so imployed; the schole I assure your Lordship is and for these many yeres (I here) hath bene verie well used and the onelie good schole in this great Cytie, so that to have the same utterlie taken away were pitifull. Two hundreth scholars or theraboutes (the most of them poore men's children) are vertuously trayned uppe ther. The cause concerneth the Churche and therfore I make bold to pray this favour that James Moyser (the Churche's tennante of the Rectorie) may be admitted and allowed to pleade the generall yssue, And so lett the matter come to ordinarie tryall. The Deane and Chapter do not distruste their tytle, they only seke to upholde the Schole, and your Lordship I well hope will favour and further. And so betaking this cause to your due consideracyon I cease your trouble. Cawood this thirde of October 1589.

Your Lordshipps Loving frende."

MUSIC RECITAL BY OWEN BRANNIGAN It is some time since a singer of national repute gave a recital to the School, but on Thursday, 24th January, in Big Hall, the School was treated to a programme given by Owen Brannigan, the famous bass. Mr. Brannigan sang selections from 17th and 18th Century English Music, from Mozart's operas, and from English Folk Songs, thus dividing the recital into three.

From the very beginning, in the five items by Henry Purcell there were at least four kinds of song with their different interpretations.

"Ye Twice Ten Hundred Deities" and "Arise ye Subterranean Winds" gave scope for spacious phrasing, long crescendos, and the powerful voice Owen Brannigan possesses. To temper the mood of these two, came a winter song suggesting snow and quiet, and then a song Purcell wrote in a very frivolous mood—"The Owl is abroad". After "Man is for Woman made" we heard a song, "Whilst I'm carousing", by Richard Laveridge, a friend of Handel's, who wrote all his songs, so Mr. Brannigan told us, about drink or under its influence. "Drink to me only"—in very different mood—was the best-known piece in this section and was sung with a great amount of feeling. To appreciate this music, as all his programme, one must see Owen Brannigan in person, otherwise there seems to be "something" missing in the warmth of the songs. Three songs rounded off the first part.

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Now to the highlight—that of Leporello in Don Giovanni, explaining to Donna Elvira all the loves of his master, coming to the climax— "But in Spain—one thousand and three !" This really captivated the audience. We looked for (and found) good performances in the next three songs—"When a maiden takes your fancy", "Rogues like you", and "Now for vengeance", and it will be voted that this section was the best and most popular part of the programme.

There seemed to be a little mystery in the presence of the Hungarian Folk Song amongst the English Folk Songs, but it was a very happy addition. "Madame I have coom'd a'coortin" was for two parts, and here Owen Brannigan raised some laughs by his interpretation of the woman's part. "De virgin Mary had a baby boy", a West Indian Calypso, gave variety to these songs, while "Bobby Shaftoe", although well-known, was sung with vigour, and especially worth mention was his rendering of "Buckles" with a real North-country "u".

It is to be regretted that owing to pressure of time (Mr. Brannigan had another recital directly afterwards) two North-country songs had to be omitted, but an encore "Simon the Cellarer" was called for and the rendering was far superior to the recording I had heard in the morning.

In closing a word of thanks must be said to Mr. Lovell, Director of Music at Bootham School, who gave a most understanding accompaniment.

P.G.T. MUSIC SOCIETY CONCERT The Music Society held a Concert in Big Hall on Saturday, 8th March, when two works were played, Schumann's Carnaval, and Brahms' Piano Quintet in F minor.

Schumann was born in 1810 at Zwickau in Saxony and died near Bonn in 1856. He was the son of a bookseller and editor and derived much from his father's literary talent. He was not allowed to study music until in his late teens, although he had started composing at the age of seven. Schumann, at University and afterwards, used to meet many of his friends in the evenings in restaurants, and the idea came to them of founding a new periodical, the "Zeitschrift", which was a magazine of contemporary art criticism. Schumann edited the magazine, and his articles were signed with pseudonyms, amongst others Florestan and Eusebius. Florestan and Eusebius were meant to indicate two sides of Schumann's character, the former stormy and vehement, the latter gentle and poetic. At this time, also, Schumann thought of the "Davidsbilndler", an imaginary band of persons whom he knew had views in common with himself. The "Davidsbandler" was Schumann's solution to the problem of exterminating the Philistines of the art world. And so in Carnaval (op. 9), which he wrote early in his life (1834) we find many instances of these 30

extraordinary ideas. Schumann is believed to have written the pieces separately and to have collected and named them afterwards. They nearly all have, however, a common theme, which is that they are built up around those notes which in German musical notation spell the name ASCH. Asch being a small town in Bohemia where lived at that time Ernestine von Fricken, a close acquaintance of Schumann's. These notes also occur in the Sphinxes (not to be played) but are here meant to signify the only letters of his name available on the keyboard, SCHA. The first group of pieces after the Preambule, are the characters of the masked ball, Pierrot, Arlequin, Pantalon and Colombine, and they are described by the music. The next group is of characters from the Davidsbiind, Florestan, Eusebius and Chiarina (the diminutive of Clara, later his wife); Ernestine von Fricken as Estrella; Chopin, Paganini and Coquette (the identity of Coquette is unknown).

The last group is of scenes at a ball, Recognition, Avowal, Promenade and Pause in the dance. Besides these are the "Lettres Dansantes" which are, of course, A.S.C.H., dancing noisily, and "Papillon" a reminder of an earlier theme. Two Valses are put in, one near the beginning (Valse Noble) and one near the end (Valse Allemand). The whole work is terminated by the March of Davidsbilndler against the Philistines. This latter piece has always been held rather humorous and symbolic, as it is written in 3-4 time!

Mr. Wicks gave an exuberant performance of the work, stopping occasionally to pick up any stragglers in the large audience (or was he taking breath ?). I specially liked his interpretation of "Chopin", in which he provided rich contrast with many other more boisterous pieces such as Paganini and the March. It was indeed a very enjoyable performance.

I must admit to some disappointment with the Brahm's F minor Quintet. Perhaps it was because it was the first occasion on which I had heard this gigantic work. Perhaps, as far as the playing was concerned, it was because at times the tone of one of the instruments of the quartet was a little "edgy" and did not always blend. Or perhaps it was because from where I was sitting, the piano was rather too soft, providing, it seemed, only a background to the string quartet, especially the first violin (Irene Hawkins), who had most of the tune and made excellent use of it. Brahms composed this work originally for a string quintet with two 'cellos and then before he altered it to its present shape, he arranged it as a duet for two pianos. Brahms liked this so much that he gave it a separate opus number (op. 34*), and it would be interesting to hear this, and make a comparison between the two. Together "Carnaval" and the piano quartet made up a well-balanced programme. It would be interesting to compare the effect of the same programme played in the reverse order. It might have been even more enjoyable. • In conclusion we would like to thank all who took part in the evening's music.

M.A.B. 31

THE SCHOOL CONCERT The term was brought to a successful end by the School Concert on 31st March at 6-30 p.m. in Big Hall. The programme opened with a bright Rondo (in D minor) by Purcell played by the whole Orchestra.

Then followed three solos—one violin and two piano. C. G. Howat played the melody from the Unfinished Symphony by Schubert, and although at times the bass wasn't quite clear it was a very promising performance, as was E. H. N. Turner's rendering on the violin of the Hindou chant from Sadko by Rimsky-Korsakov. The third solo was "Song without Words" (A major) by Mendelssohn played in a very lively mood by C. R. Ackroyd. Then we heard two glees sung by the refounded Glee Club. (It is to M. A. Butterworth's enterprise that this Club owes its rebirth.) In addition to the very commendable conducting of J. T. Ankers of "Hang fear, cast away care" and "There is a Paradise on Earth" most noteworthy was the clearness of the altos.

Ankers then joined the Orchestra and sang "Lass of Richmond Hill" while the School, unrehearsed, joined in the chorus—at first only four bars behind ! Next the main item of the programme, Grieg's Pianoforte Concerto. R. B. Atkinson was the soloist and straight from the magnificent beginning we realised we were in for a remarkable performance. From the Pianissimo to the first climax, then to the coda through the brilliant cadenza and the wonderful quiet entry of the Orchestra leading to the final magnificent climax, he showed technical mastery which was well backed up by the Orchestra.

The second part of the concert opened as the first with a wellbalanced piece by Purcell. The next was in the way of an experiment —Sonata attributed to H. Purcell for Trumpet and Orchestra arranged for flute. J. Ford was the soloist. This could very well have been written originally for a flute, it suited it so well. Ankers sang "Drink to me only" with great feeling and again the School joined in —with much more success. There were three solos to follow. The lightning changes in mood (of the Waltz in E minor) were wellinterpreted by A. Bloomfield, and R. Atkinson played Adagio for Violin by Handel after which he took the Meditation from Thais by Massenet as his encore and did justice to the charming melody.

Chopin's Nocturne in Eb written in one of the composer's more pensive moods was well rendered by R. Shepherd. The Glee Club sang a comic song, "The Goslings", which is a parody of Mendelssohn's Wedding March and the Dead March from Saul, and they, too, sang an encore, "When the •Cock begins to crow". Two more instrumental solos followed. J. A. Sutton gave an understanding performance of the slight "Serenade of the Doll" by Debussy and Sonata in A for violin by Corelli was well played by G. B. Pullan.

The concert ended on a very boisterous note. Ankers (baritone) and Hodd (treble) were the soloists in "The Mermaid" with Mr. Wicks a brilliant accompanist on the piano, the Orchestra a resounding Storm

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and the School vociferous "sailor-boys". The last verse and chorus were sung again and the National Anthem followed.

Mr. Waine and all who took part are to be thanked for a most enjoyable evening.

P.G.T. PROGRAMME

1. Rondo in D minor

THE ORCHESTRA

Henry Purcell (1659-1695)

Schubert Melody from the Unfinished Symphony C. G. HOWAT Chant Hindou from Sadko Rimsky-Korsakov E. TURNER Mendelssohn Song without words, No. 3 in A C. R. ACKROYD C. Hubert Parry "Hang fear, cast away care" "There is a Paradise on Earth" R. L. de Pearsall THE GLEE CLUB Conductor: J. T. ANKERS 4. "The Lass of Richmond Hill" THE ORCHESTRA

Baritone Solo: J.

(1797-1828) (1844-1908) (1809-1847) (1848-1918) (1795-1856)

James Hook (1746-1827)

T. ANKERS

5. Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in A Minor (Opus 16) 1st Movement. Allegro molto moderato Grieg (1843-1908)

Solo Piano:

R. B. ATKINSON

INTERVAL

6. (a) Air in D minor

Henry Purcell THE ORCHESTRA

(b) Sonata for Trumpet and Orchestra i(from the MS. in York Minster Library)

Solo Flute: J.

FORD

7. "Drink to me only"

THE ORCHESTRA Baritone Solo: J. T. ANKERS

8.

Henry Purcell Traditional

(a)

Valse in E minor (Op, post) A. BLOOMFIELD

Chopin (1810-1849)

(b)

Adagio from Sonata No. 3 in F R. ATKINSON

Handel (1685-1759)

(c)

Nocturne in E fiat, Op. 9 No. 2 R. SHEPHERD 9. "The Goslings" THE GLEE CLUB Serenade of the Doll

J. A. SUTTON

Sonata IX in A—Largo G. B. PULLAN 11. "The Mermaid" THE ORCHESTRA

Baritone Solo: J. T. ANKERS Treble Solo: D. K. HODD THE NATIONAL ANTHEM

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Chopin

7. F. Bridge (1844-1924) Debussy (1862-1918) Corelli (1653-1713) Traditional

THE SCIENCE SOCIETY At the first of the term's five meetings, the Rise provided lectures on three subjects. They were (i) J. R. Moore and M. W. Bolton on "Colour and Fluorescence". This lecture consisted mainly of demonstrations by means of the projector with coloured filters and the Ultra Violet lamp. (ii) W. R. Ibberson on "Steel". The speaker outlined the story of the knife through the stages of hardening, tempering and glazing. Specimens of knives in various stages of manufacture were examined by the Society. (iii) P. D. F. James and A. N. Wyatt-Gunning on "The Human Body". The speakers dealt in turn with each of the five senses, demonstrating their more amusing characteristics.

At the second meeting lectures were given by the Grove. The speakers were (i) A. E. Wick on "Explosives". A talk mainly on gunpowder and the explosives derived from coal. His lecture included many demonstrations. (ii) D. A. Stabler on "Chocolate". He outlined the processes through which the cocoa beans passed until they were finally in the state with which we are familiar. (iii) M. J. F. Everitt on "Television". Everitt explained how the picture on the screen was made up and how it was transmitted. He concluded by showing a film illustrating the points he had made.

Temple House provided the last of a very successful series of meetings. They, too, provided three speakers. (i) A. G. D. Staines, on "Bats", traced the life history of the creature and with the aid of the epidiascope described the twelve species of British Bats. (ii) D. J, Bird, speaking on "Modern Surgery", outlined the procedure of an operation and gave an account of anxsthesia. He passed round many exhibits, including a human appendix. (iii) E. Robinson, speaking on "Guano", explained that this was the excretion of birds, produced on islands west of Peru. He described the birds and explained why the conditions made the industry a workable commercial proposition.

Mr. R. Cussins spoke at the fourth meeting of the term on "Sound Recording and Reproduction". He outlined the history of the subject, and showed one of the early phonographs. The main part of the lecture was devoted to the demonstration of apparatus Mr. Cussons had brought, notable among which was a recording on tape made in York Station, and one of the new long playing gramophone records.

Mr. Cussins ably answered many questions at the end of his lecture.

At the last meeting of the year, Mr. A. G. Collier read a paper entitled "An Introduction to Psychology". Mr. Collier stated the present position of Psychology with the Behaviourist school giving way to orilodox psychology recognising the controlling force of Mind. In the course of his talk he showed how the basic inborn Instincts together with individual Propensities are worked upon by the action of 34

environmental experience to form the higher units of Mind such as Intellect, the Sentiments, and Skills. Whilst allowing the importance of the work of Biologists and Physiologists in our knowledge of Man, yet the lecturer would not have the Purposive control of Mind reduced to mere chemico-physical stimuli, but rather the opposite, in that the mechanical structure subserves the unit of Mind.

An account of a visit by members of the Society to a chocolate factory appears below. It is hoped next term to arrange a visit to the new signal box at York Station—the largest in the world.

The Society is grateful to all who have helped during the year, especially to the speakers and to P. S. Lumby, who supervised the operation of the projectors. Looking back we can feel that the year has been very successful for the Society.

G.W.R. A VISIT TO A CHOCOLATE FACTORY

A party visited Rowntree's Cocoa Works on Wednesday, 19th March, 1952. It consisted of the members of the Committee of the Science Society and those who had helped in the meetings in the past two terms. On arrival at the Works the party, consisting of about 20 boys, was split into four groups each in the charge of a specially trained guide.

The first call was the melange department. There the chocolate crumb, a homogeneous mass comprising milk solids, milk fat, sugar, and cocoa beans is placed in a melangeur and ground into a very fine paste with the addition of a fixed quantity of cocoa butter.

The paste is then passed to the refiners. A machine consists of five horizontal rollers, one on top of the other, made of chilled iron and water cooled. The paste is spread on to the bottom roller and is transferred from one roller to another until it reaches the top, where it is scraped off as a fine powder.

The powder is then transferred to the conching machines. One of these consists of four pots heated to 95°F. in which a paddle moves up and down. The powder soon becomes liquid and grinds itself up like pebbles on a beach. This process is carried out for 60 hours.

The prepared chocolate is then piped to the various parts of the works where it is required.

In the next department visited orange creams were being covered with couverture chocolate. The moulded centres are placed in lines on a slowly moving belt which passes them into two machines, one covering the bottom with chocolate, and the other the sides and top.

The design is then piped on by hand. The belt then passes into the cooler, after leaving which defective chocolates are removed. The perfect ones are then passed on to the wrapping department, which was next visited.

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We were amazed at the rate at which the girl operatives in the packing department packed boxes of "Black Magic"; one, who was timed, completed the operation in 30 seconds.

Of particular interest was the clear gum department. Here a mould is stamped out in flour and a measured quantity of a liquid mixture introduced into numerous depressions. The moulds are then placed in an oven at 115°F. for 2-3 days to evaporate the moisture.

Other departments visited included those for the packing of fruit pastilles; polishing and packing of Smarties; wrapping of Aerochocolate and Kit-Kat; and box-making. In the despatch department we saw crates of chocolate awaiting transport to Singapore, Nairobi, Antwerp, and New York.

Our eyes bulged and our mouths watered when in the showroom we saw marvellous boxes of chocolates—but they were for export only !

The Society is very grateful to the Management of Messrs.

Rowntree & Co. for a very interesting and enjoyable visit which was concluded by a cup of tea and biscuits, which were highly appreciated.

M.•.F.E. and J.B.C.

THE PHOTOGRAPHIC CLUB The Club, which was resuscitated during the term, has had very good support from the start. Four meetings were held in the course of the term at which the first principles of photography were explained

by E. K. Robinson, Esq., P. S. Lumby, and D. A. Stabler. They explained to the members of the Club how to use a camera, develop, print and enlarge photographs. We must thank the Head Master very much for supplying us with funds so that a vertical enlarger could be bought along with some new dishes and a safelight. It was decided that it would be better if there was a small subscription and the Committee decided on two shillings per term. With the money available two very interesting books have been purchased already.

P.S.L.

THE BRITISH SHIP ADOPTION SOCIETY This term has been one of those characterised by the delays and lack of movement that seem inevitable when the ship is in Australian and New Zealand waters. The "Mountpark" arrived at Sydney, N.S.W., on 29th December, after a passage of 47 days from London.

She passed through the Suez Canal at the height of the troubles in the Canal Zone. Of the passage, Mr. Ellis writes : "Port Said is dead.

Our navy really controls there and troops in launches moor the ships.

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Our convoy left at 5-30 a.m. In fact it was the fastest passage I have made through the Canal. Of course we were lucky. Some may take two days, as certain convoys have to anchor in the Bitter Lakes.

There were thirty homeward-bound ships there when we passed through. Our troops control the two ferries, and you see lots of our troops and camps around Ismalia. On the whole it was quiet when we passed".

The ship is now on charter for six months to a New Zealand firm.

After discharging part cargo at Sydney, she left there on 15th January to complete discharge at Newcastle, N.S.W., which is less than one day's steaming away. Completion of discharging and loading part cargo there took till 26th February, and then she went back to Sydney to complete loading. This took a further 18 days, and she finally left on 15th March for Lyttleton, where she arrived on 22nd March.

"MY HOLIDAY WORK" The chance remark at lunch towards the end of the Easter Term that the author intended to cycle from York to Cambridge in one day and thence on the succeeding day to Hastings, brought forth the inevitable rhetoric : "Do you really think you will get there?" "What, on that old bike?" Being rhetorical, these questions did not require an answer, but some qualification was necessary to the presumed answer, "Yes". The first proviso concerned the strength and direction of the wind, the second the absence of mechanical trouble. Now, the wind prior to the day of departure had been steadily from the north, as the athletes and spectators on Sports Day well knew, and by good fortune this direction with a quantity of West in it persisted, and so it happened that the perpetrator of this ride, or the victim, or what you will (at any rate, the author), set out at 6 a.m. on a cold and frosty morning and set his front wheel on the road to Selby. The wind struck across and, while seeming to oppose, was in fact not unhelpful. 14f miles to Selby in exactly one hour, 19-f to Doncaster and 711 to just outside Bawtry by 8-23 a.m., where a roadside café produced a most welcome plate of bacon and eggs and three cups of really hot tea.

After leaving the main road at Bawtry, in order to keep to the flatter country, Gainsborough (12-f miles) and Lincoln (19 miles) were the next stages, and Lincoln was reached at 12-8 p.m.

Up to this point, and after deducting time spent in resting and eating, the riding time was 5 hours 36 minutes for a total of 72 miles, or an average speed of just under 13 m.p.h.

After Lincoln the road ascended a long and .tedious hill and went on its dreary way to Sleaford and Bourn in long ups and downs, there being one such wave in every mile. The 35 miles to Bourn took 37

three hours, which made an average speed of just under 12 m.p.h.such is the effect of an undulating landscape. The ups of these waves, however, gave the author a chance of reflecting on many things concerning travellers and above all on the mysteries of the sign-post and milestones.

Now who are the authorities who can put up two sign-posts within a mile of each other which read "Lincoln 7; Sleaford 10" and "Lincoln 61-; Sleaford 10", the latter being the further from Lincoln?

It is a puzzle and only one of many puzzles, all of which are a source of amusement to the motorist and of great depression to the traveller on two wheels or two feet. In France they order these things better, if not too well, for all roads except the most humble have not merely kilometre stones, but every tenth of a kilometre (for the unmathematical, 100 metres) there is a little stone standing clearly above the grass for all to see. In this country milestones are a rarity and are often so hidden in the grass verge as to be invisible or illegible.

Now it may be thought that this matter is of little consequence; but for a cyclist who has the (mistaken?) ambition to cycle 150 miles in a day the passage of milestones is as important as the passage of time.

After Bourn and Peterborough came Farcett and the only wrong turning of the day, which gave the author one extra mile. Then Ramsey on the fascinating fenland of black earth and dikes, and presently St. Ives (7-30 p.m.). From St. Ives to Cambridge was 13 miles, of which 11 miles were straight. Now the last 15 miles or so were done with lights on and the possession of a dynamo set provided yet another soliloquy. A situation might easily arise after dark in which the rider desires to look at his watch to discover the time.

Now, with a dynamo and no torch or matches, how is he to do it?

He may risk his neck by leaning over the handlebars while on the move and hold his wrist in front of the front lamp—a procedure not entirely to be recommended—or he may dismount, lift the rear wheel from the road and with one foot spin the wheel and, still holding the wheel off the road, hold his watch in front of the front lamp. Simple as this may sound it is in practice well nigh impossible, but has one thing to commend it : it will discourage the rider from being too timeconscious.

For what happens? The rider seizes the cross-bar near the saddle, lifts—and, dear reader, do not forget those heavy saddle-bags which are a necessity for the touring cyclist—he spins the back wheel and gently leans forward holding his balance. At this point one of four things will happen; first, the wheel will have stopped turning before he sees his watch; second, he may inadvertently lower the back wheel to the road with similar results; third, and very probably, the bicycle with rider on top will collapse in a blaspheming heap and in the mêlée all thoughts of time will have vanished from the rider's head; and fourth, and most improbably, he will be successful.

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Another entertaining situation arose along those 11 straight miles into Cambridge. It is known that drivers of cars will usually dip their headlights when approaching another car, which promptly returns the compliment. But does the driver of a car dip his headlights when approaching a cyclist? Oh dear, no; probably because the cyclist cannot reciprocate, though his need is the greater, in view of the weakness of his single light. The author of this article, who for reasons of security must remain anonymous, developed a retaliation which proved remarkably successful. On the approach of a dazzler, and having determined that the road behind him was clear, the author wobbled precariously into the middle of the road in front of the on-coming car; result : headlights dimmed immediately and a very quick return to the correct side of the road. Simple but effective.

Cambridge at 8-30 p.m. and heaven. A total of 160 miles in 141 hours, including rests, makes a riding average of about 13 m.p.h.

After a day's rest in Cambridge a slightly less early start was made for Hastings and alas ! "the best-laid schemes of mice and men gang aft a-gley", for the wind was now no longer North-West but due South and straight in the face. Each mile seemed like two, every ascent had to be walked, every down-hill stretch had to be pedalled— lack, lack-a-day. Saffron Walden, Thaxtead, Great Dunmow, Chipping Ongar, Brentwood, Tilbury Ferry. Across the ferry to Gravesend and on the road again at 3 p.m. Then the few weary miles to Rochester and the few very, very weary miles to Maidstone. By this time it was raining and the time was 4-55 p.m., a truly depressing record for the 80 miles travelled.

Noting that the 7 miles from Rochester to Maidstone had taken exactly 1+ hours, the author rightly decided to bite the dust and, relinquishing his machine, to avail himself of the accommodating local bus company which had the foresight to have a Hastings bus on the point of departure. And so to bed; the only sequel being the rather ironic fact that two days later, after returning by bus to Maidstone and retrieving his bicycle, the author took three hours for the hilly ride to Hastings, which was only some 20 minutes more than the door to door trip by the bus.

To recapitulate, the whole journey was 273 miles and it took one long day, one shorter day and an afternoon, and it gave a great deal of pleasure and more exercise.

Writing at Hastings, the author has now the Post scriptum. anticipation of a return ride of similar length and intends to cheat to the extent of taking the train from King's Cross to Hitch in.

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THE SWISS TOUR The School tour this year started according to the usual routine— the departure in the small hours, the bus across a deserted early morning London, the very English breakfast of a popular restaurant, the comfortable, pleasant journey to Dover. The Channel crossing was forecast by "The Times" as "rough", but turned out to be good after all, especially as we travelled in a one-class ship. The journey from Ostend to Basle, by night, lingers in the memory for the hardness of the seats and the frequency of the irruptions of officials in uniforms blue, uniforms brown, uniforms grey, and even no uniforms at all.

However, the boys met them all with the formula "billet collectif". while the "chef du groupe" had rarely to do more than wave a document at them. A further break in the monotony occurred when our coach began to emit clouds of steam, and whether it was for that, or for some other mechanical trouble, we were all tipped out into a foot of snow somewhere in Alsace, and left to find seats elsewhere.

A party of Italian miners being repatriated was in like case, but somehow seats were found for most, and padded ones at that. As a consequence, we were late at Basle. Here, however, the S.T.S. representative was waiting for us, and he proved to have everything admirably under control, negotiating customs and passport officials, French and Swiss alike, with such speed that the tail of the party had difficulty in keeping up. Nor was that all, for when we found our coach on the train for Montreux to be at the back, he had the train pulled up to us instead of our having to walk the length of the platform. The remainder of the journey, through the limestone region of the northern Jura, with caves, gorges and overhanging cliffs, and then along the shores in turn of Lakes Bienne, Neuchatel, and Geneva, was sheer delight. We now first met the wonderfully sunny weather which was to be with us for the remainder of the holiday, and nothing could have given us a more favourable welcome to Switzerland.

We reached Montreux in mid-morning, and went up to the Hotel Montbrillant by bus. The hotel advertises itself as being set in mountain meadows and as being connected with the town by a tramway. The former statement is an exaggeration, though perhaps a pardonable one, while the latter is in essence true, but the tram service proved infrequent and expensive, and few of us used it after the first day. The advantages of the hotel lie, in fact, in its delightful situation, for most of the rooms have balconies commanding views of the Rockers de Naye, Dents du Midi, and Dent d'Oche, and in the pleasant friendliness of its atmosphere. We enjoyed the food, and found Madame always most willing to meet our requests.

On the day after our arrival we walked to Chillon, using the high road, which commands views over Montreux and the Lake. It was a 40

brilliant morning, and the familiar advertisements, with their bright blues, became invested with an air of verisimilitude. Chillon itself is not to be described in a sentence, for it offers an embarassment of riches : those whose interests run to the macrabre could gloat over the gibbet and the dungeon approached through a crack in a rock, the naturalists saw great crested grebes and buzzards, the literaryminded could contemplate the prison of Francois de Bonnivard and try to recall their Byron, and these are but the subsidiaries, for, as it has been observed, "Chillon is a truly medixval building, in that it sufficed for the whole life of a community. It was a fortified palace, comprising within itself barracks, law-courts, prison, chapel and treasury." Outside was a shop with the finest collection of woodcarvings that we saw anywhere. We were, needless to say, late for lunch.

In the afternoon we went by bus to the mountain village of Charnpery. It was our first experience of driving over Swiss mountain roads. The driver took hair-pin bends with a disconcerting nonchalance and comforted us by explaining that the driving wheel was, contrary to normal continental practice, on the right, so that he could easily see when he was near the edge of a precipice. The bus, a Saurer (Swiss made : we noticed the factory, later on, not far from Geneva, on the lake-side) was, he assured us, of 110 h.p., and had a puzzling array of levers, which, apparently, gave a separate braking system and a second range of gears. At any rate, normal brakes and gears were rarely used. Champery itself is not quite unspoilt—there are a swimming pool and some tennis courts down in the valley— but nevertheless is charming, with its traditional-style wooden buildings and mountain setting. We crowned the day with a trip to Planachaux by teleferique. Feelings were perhaps a little mixed as the party entered the car and went swinging away over the tree-tops, but the best moments were when a wall of rock appeared in front, and it seemed obvious that the best to be expected was that it would only rip the bottom out of the car, giving a chance of survival to those who could cling to the roof and sides. The car, of course, repeated its usual performance, and cleared the cliff with ease. At the top were wide views and much snow. We enjoyed both.

On the Friday we went by rack railway to the top of the Rochers de Naye, over 7,000 feet. There had been an unusually heavy fall of snow for the season, and the snow-plough had stuck a few yards from the top. Men were digging it out while we were there, and the snow must have been over ten feet deep. As we went through the clouds the glare caused some trouble and some of us began to see our colleagues delicately outlined in yellow. At the top the difficulty was not so bad, but still serious enough for some to spend precious * Russell, "Switzerland", Batsford.

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francs on sun-glasses, which were precisely three times the price charged at the bottom—a ready-made example for an economist studying monopoly prices. We had a few glimpses of the Dents du Midi through breaks in the clouds, but to the East, where the Jungfrau and Monch are visible on a good day, it was never clear enough.

However, the snow was hard, the slopes steep, and an oil-skin cape formed a most efficient sleigh, and that was compensation enough.

On the return journey we left the train at Caux, and walked back— some through Glion, and some a longer way through Les Avants.

The route in each case was through some most attractive woodland in the earlier part and by roads and paths overlooking Montreux and the Lake in the latter. Not an inch of the way was flat, and no one stayed up very late that night.

We made two town visits during the holiday—to Lausanne on the Saturday and to Geneva on the Monday—Lausanne with Le Grand Pont, a fair, its Italianate University buildings, its Cathedral stripped of its altar and with half the seating reversed to face the mid-nave pulpit, its shops eager to sell us pistols, and with tea on the nineteenth floor of the Hotel Metropole; Geneva with its guide and his long story about the Swiss Admiral and the British Minister of Food (the Swiss Admiral has no fleet, you understand) when we were all hot and longing for a long, cool drink at a very attractive outdoor restaurant not fifty yards away, its five bridges and lovely lakeside position, its Cathedral with the School badge on one buttress, its old quarter with memories of Calvin and Knox, its Hotel de Ville where the Geneva Convention was signed, its remarkable memorial—twentieth century— to the Reforming leaders, amongst whom Cromwell represents militant Protestantism in England, its views of Mont Blanc, its happy combination of busy-ness with lack of rush and bustle.

On the Sunday we took "our" bus over the pass to Morgins, a road which would have been hair-raising to us three days before, and then on into Haute Savoie. Morgins itself lacks interest, but the journey from there into France through Chatel is through some of the best mountain scenery we saw. We had lunch in a very crowded room in a little restaurant at Abondance, a little town which lies at the foot of a mountain wonderfully austere in its bareness. But what we all remarked most was the change in atmosphere—the untidiness, the lack of paint, the air of living hand to mouth. We felt all too clearly that we had come from a rich country to a poor. The Gorges de la Dranse, leading down to Thonon-les-Bains, provided us with a new type of scenery, with the road cut into the cliff, which often overhangs, and with the little river tumbling over boulders far below on the other side. We did not stop at Thonon, nor for long at Evian, for it was very much out-of-season, and we had few French francs anyway. Our journey back lay by the lakeside, and at St. Gingolph we stopped to visit a local celebrity, M. Paturel, maker of "perles du 42

lac". The process, as he explained it, consists of making a coating liquid from sardine skins (four tons of sardine (sic)—and Lake Geneva sardines are the best, of course !—provide about a pint) into which a moulded bead is dipped, five times, seven times, ten times, twentyfour times—the more times, the more expensive. The product is certainly attractive, and as it was possible to buy for a few shillings, and reduced prices were offered freely, no doubt a number of Peterite mothers and sisters, if not other less closely connected ladies, are now trying out the inventor's claim that his "pearls" neither wear nor peel.

Our last day was by bus over the Col des Mosses to Châteaux d'Oex, Saanen and Gstaad, and back through the Gruyeres valley, Bulle and Vevey. It is with a deep sense of frustration that one attempts a journal of a Swiss mountain holiday, and it is perhaps at this point in the School tour that the pen seems least able to describe or even do bare justice to the Swiss landscape. It is idle to try to describe the Diablerets, Tornettaz and Gummfluh as we saw them, under ideal conditions. A list must suffice. Saanen and Gstaad are in German-speaking Switzerland, and there seemed a subtle difference of atmosphere. In Gstaad, for example, some of the buildings have the attractive painted designs on the walls that one associates rather with the Tyrol. The Gruyeres valley provides a gentler, but not gentle, landscape, and the little town itself, clustering round its castle on a hill-top, must be one of the least spoiled in Europe. The tourist seems to obtrude little, though no doubt he comes in his thousands, and apart from the sale of a few postcards and the presence of a few cars, there is little to destroy the atmosphere of the time when most of the houses were built, in the 1560s and '70s. The women still do their washing in a trough alongside the village shrine, the castle courtyard is still much as it was in the days when tournaments and, later, plays, were given there. Gruyeres is famous, too, for honey, cheese, trout and cream—"one of the best eating grounds of the country". But, alas, francs were running out, and we had to be content with tea, tea of the worst Continental kind, tea made in glasses with the leaves enclosed in a patent metal container intended to make just one cup (or glass !) and then to be thrown away. However, we were able to visit a cheese factory in the little village of Vaulroz, near Bulle, and some of us came away with a slice of the real Gruyere.

None of this cheese is, incidentally, made in Gruyere itself, and we were told that there are now no factories working in Bulle. They seem to be mostly small village affairs, and the one we visited seems to have been typical—four cheeses a day, using 750 litres of milk. Cheeses are kept for six months and are turned daily. Now the mathematicallyminded can turn the litres into pints and decide how many cheeseturnings there are per day. The cheese itself is mild enough, and did not justify somebody's comment that it would declare itself in the Customs. The level of humour was, indeed, remarkable throughout the trip. For example, one day it was sufficient to convulse the 43

company for one rather senior member to be asked if he had heard about the man who caught his finger in the shutter of a camera and died of exposure. It is understood that this was not unconnected with his reply when wakened at 11-45 the night before to be told the witticism.

The journey back need not be dwelt on at length. At Lausanne our coach was reserved for "L'ecole", but as a Swiss school from St. Maurice also arrived, no one knew which "ecole" was meant and we all bundled in together and travelled in some discomfort as far as Neuchatel, when they got out. Our progress at Basle was as efficient as on the way out, and we left there at 5-30 p.m. on a 144 hour run to Ostend. This gave us some daylight each end, so that we caught a glimpse of the Vosges and Black Forest, and, later, of the flat, intensively cultivated Belgian countryside, and the Belfrey and Cathedral of St. Sauveur at Bruges, so familiar to those on last year's trip. A number of the party slept in some comfort on the luggage racks, but in spite of all, this stage of the journey is very tedious. To give it its due, the train pulled in to Ostend Quay on time to the minute. The Channel crossing was good, the journey from Dover to London most comfortable—it was a surprise to most of us to learn that second-class travel is still possible in Britain. There was a fishand-chip tea in London to make us feel really back home, and we dispersed on reaching York at about 10-30.

If it is possible to comment on the trip in one sentence, it is perhaps to say that it will be very difficult in future years to find a centre comparable with Montreux for an Easter holiday.

THE CHATEAU DE CHILLON On the morning of the fourth day of the Swiss Tour the School party visited the Château de Chillon. Setting off about 9-30 a.m. our route took us through the grounds of the Château de Chatelard, which is well situated on the top of a small hill, near our hotel. The road led us upwards along the hillside, from where we were able to get a very good view of Montreux, with all its vineyards, spread out by the side of Lake Geneva, glinting in the morning sun. On the far side of the Lake, the sun was casting beautiful shadows on the snow-capped mountains, and several boys took the opportunity of taking photographs.

Several of the party stopped to watch the ascent of one of the cars on the steep funicular railways which are to be found around Montreux, but eventually the whole party arrived at the Château de Chillon at about 11-0 a.m. The entrance fee was paid by the "Black Bag", and crossing the moat by means of the covered-in oak bridge, we entered the Château. The tickets had a plan of the castle printed on them in four different languages—French, German, Italian, and English. The water in the moat was more than six feet deep in places, and was as clean and clear as crystal.

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The Château, which stands on a rocky islet, dates back to the eighth century, and is in a remarkable state of preservation. In places the walls rise sheer out of the water, but elsewhere can be seen the rock on which the Château is built. The Château, with its short conical-roofed towers and small leaded windows, looks very picturesque as it stands like a small jewel set in the midst of the mountains; but a second look will show the strength of its walls, its ramparts, and the neat, compact way in which it was built to withstand attack.

The party went first to the guard room where some old guns remain, and several boys found the visitors' book very interesting. We then passed on through the arsenal, where the munitions were stored, to the dungeons, where Bonnivard, the character in Byron's poem, was imprisoned. The pillars in the dungeon were scratched with names of prisoners, and there was a mark, on one wall, which was possibly a bloodstain. The gibbet in the next cell was also a centre of interest, and one person went down into a dark, dank, subterranean cell.

From the prisons the party went on to the Hall of the Chatelain, where many different types of cooking utensils and kitchen equipment were on view round the walls. From here we passed through a ceremonial hall, bedrooms, and guestrooms, to the armoury, where many different kinds of weapons could be seen, and, if no one important was looking, tried out. It was in this room that an Olavite, on a previous School trip, had rolled a big stone cannonball across the wooden floor and brought the warden running up the narrow stairs in anger.

We went through many more rooms, including the chapel, the Baron's hall, and the torture chamber, and explored a few of the small defence towers, until we finally reached the refuge tower. The steps up to the top were very narrow and worn, but it was well worth the climb since the view from the top, over the lake to the mountains, was exceptionally beautiful. When we reached the courtyard again most boys "crept into the crypt", which consisted of many dark, twisting passages cut out of the rock on which the Château is built.

By now we had seen all the Château, and as it was nearing dinnertime we decided to return to the hotel after what had been a very enjoyable morning excursion.

B. POTTER. THE ROCHERS DE NAYE On Friday morning we met at the station for the mountain railway in the centre of Montreux at about 10 o'clock. Soon we were on our way to the Rochers de Naye, several miles from Montreux and some 7,000 feet above sea level. From the train we caught some glorious glimpses of the lake and the mountains on the other side.

The train made its way up the mountain slopes, going through many 45

a tunnel, and when we reached Caux, the halfway mark, we were nearing the snow-line. The track was lined with snow which became deeper and deeper as we proceeded. The sun was shining brightly and the glare of the snow necessitated the wearing of sun-glasses.

At last we reached the Rochers de Naye.

Here we found a hotel and a cosy restaurant. Several skiers were practising on the slopes below the hotel. Those who wanted to buy sun-glasses were disappointed to find that they cost seven francs (about 11s. 8d.). Many of us ventured to the observation post, a short distance from the hotel. The ascent was very slippery, but after many slips and slides, most of the party reached the observation post.

From this point we had a marvellous view of the mountains around us.

Then a mist would blot out our view for a few moments, only to clear away and reveal once more the magnificent snow-capped peaks, glistening in the sunshine. The descent was probably more treacherous than the ascent. Some of the boys used their cases to slide down to the hotel, and others were just compelled to use their backsides. The sun was warm and invigorating. This gave us a large appetite and we ate our packed lunches with zest and washed them down with beer or coca-cola. Soon the train was ready to go, and we jumped aboard.

At Caux we left the train in accordance with Mr. Le Tocq's wish to give us some exercise by walking the rest of the way to the hotel.

We made our way along the narrow mountain paths, the column sometimes being bombarded with snowballs from the rear section, until we reached the lower slopes. The front section of the party took a wrong turning and went to Glion. The rest of us went on towards Les Avants. The woodland scenery was enchanting; we passed many waterfalls lined with icicles. Mrs. Le Tocq found many colourful and interesting woodland flowers. The whole countryside was very picturesque. At Les Avants we had a rest and some refreshments.

Then we proceeded on our way singing merrily. At some places the descent was so steep that we could hardly avoid running, especially those of us who were rather hefty and fat (no names mentioned).

About 1 hours after leaving Les Avants we reached our hotel to find that the "Glionites" had arrived back two hours before us. There were a few blisters and a few sore feet, but it had been very worthwhile and we had had a most enjoyable day.

R. D. WHEATLEY.

C.C.F. NOTES The term started with what may well be an historic occasion.

The Head Master came on to parade to present Ft./Sgt. Weightman with his Flying Badge, the first to be won in this unit. After being 46

awarded a Flying Scholarship, Weightman obtained his Civil Flying Licence in record time. We also would like to congratulate him on being selected as a representative of this country in the exchange flights with the U.S.A. and Canada this Summer.

As a result of a request from the Editors of the "Tatler", a group photograph was taken of all officers and N.C.O.s. It was unfortunate that the group necessarily had to be taken in monochrome, as the different uniforms made quite a show of colour. We were honoured to be the second school chosen for the series.

In pursuance of our aim to widen the Basic Section training as much as possible, a series of lectures and demonstrations on First Aid were arranged for the term. We are grateful to the Officer Commanding, the York Military Hospital, for making this new venture possible. Next term we hope to extend it to the Service Sections on a more advanced scale.

In conformity with the rest of H.M.'s Forces, the unit is observing the period of official mourning for the late King George VI. To mark the close of the solemn day of the Funeral, representative guards from all Sections attended a special Flag-lowering Ceremony on the parade ground. C.S.M. Ankers took the parade.

The Signal Platoon has been as active as usual, with most of its training going on quietly behind the scenes. On two occasions, however, they came out into the open to give the commentaries on the Cross-country Race and the complex reporting lay-out for the Field Day Exercise. For the latter they were particularly successful.

There should have been a full day of examinations on the C.C.F. Day but last minute changes in the Certificate "A" Examination date meant a change in plan, and only the R.N. Examinations took place.

At short notice a programme was devised and a useful day's training took place. The Map Reading Race for the Basic Section and Recruits, in the area of Kirby Underdale, was very much enjoyed.

The weather was perfect and the transport was well on time. For the remainder, valuable experience was gained on the open range.

The Gun Crews have continued with their training and once again we must thank Mr. Dodds for his assistance.

The Certificate "A" Examination took place at the end of term.

The hard work put in by all N.C.O.s was rewarded by an excellent result. It is a long time since there have been no failures in both parts.

We hear that the Army Camp is to be held at Fylingdales again this year. With good weather, it should prove to be a very popular camp.

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R.N. SECTION This has been a most successful term for the Section, culminating in a number of very satisfactory examination results. On the G.C.F. Day, Commander Powell, R.N., paid us his first visit in his capacity of Admiralty Administrative Officer. In the course of his visit Leading Seamen Shaw, Quarmby, Greenwood, and Able Seaman Lochore all passed the P.O. Oral and Power of Command Tests. Since these four had already passed the P.O. Written Examination (Quarmby with distinction), we should soon have four more cadets who have passed for P.O., this will bring the total to six, which will be a most satisfactory record.

Out of 19 entrants, eight cadets passed the Leading Seaman Written Test and all of these were subsequently successful in the Oral Test.

P.O. Fletcher (who was advanced this term from Leading Seaman) continued to handle the R.N. Squad of the Basic Section in a most able manner. On the administrative side, Ord/Seaman Moore was appointed Divisional Office Writer, and A/A.B. Walton and Ord/Seaman Leonard put in some hard work to get the stores ready for inspection.

Finally P.O. Hilton has continued to inspire much keenness in the Section, and is to be specially complimented on the high standard of drill which has been maintained throughout the term.

SENIOR SCHOOL SCOUTS This term has seen some advances made in badge work. Three Senior Scouts, P/L. M. J. Baddeley, Second J. E. H. Quickfall, and J. H. Baines have gained the Ambulance Badge, while five Scouts gained their Second Class Badge, and six Scouts the Firefighter Badge.

Other tests were passed and we hope to increase the number of First Class Scouts next term.

The Patrol Competition for this term proved one of the closest on record. The Beaver Patrol with 132 points narrowly beat the Otters with 131 and the Seals with 1281.

A Field Day was spent in hiking north of York. Each Patrol planned its own route and all were supposed to meet at Kirkham Abbey at 3-30 p.m. with First Class standard journey reports. The weather was perfect for hiking and all reached the destination, though one patrol was too late for afternoon tea, which had been prepared there.

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The Group received from the School a valuable 21st Birthday present in the form of six Icelandic tents. They will be most useful in providing accommodation at our Summer Camps. We are most grateful to the Head Master for them, and generally for the keen interest which he takes in our activities.

EASTER HIKE, 16th-23rd APRIL, 1952 This year we split into two parties, each with two Scouters.

Party A consisted of the Senior Scout Patrol, P/L. M. J. Baddeley, Second J. E. H. Quickfall, J. H. Baines, E. Davey, R. Beckitt and D. A. A. Lamb, with P/L. C. J. Vyle, P/L. D. Pfluger, N. J. Magson, E. Turner, Kirby, Mr. Coulthard and Mr. Cooper. Party B consisted of P/L. D. M. Walker, Seconds R. M. Davey and D. J. Oldman, D. G. Metcalf, P. E. Bulmer, A. G. Hall, D. R. Holt, M. J. R. Loadman, R. E. L. Micklethwait, Worsley, T. Chilman, with Mr. Bennett and Mr. Chilman.

Nearly everyone met at York Station on the morning of 16th April and we were seen off by the Head Master, who was left to dispose of two late arrivals, who missed the train by inches, but succeeded in joining the party at Leeds. The parties followed separate routes, meeting to exchange experiences on the Sunday night at Higham Hostel, Bassenthwaite Lake.

PARTY A. We crossed Windermere by the ferry in brilliant sunshine. There followed a rather gruelling march to the hostel in Coniston village; shortage of time forced us to keep to the roads and in the heat many feet suffered. Fortunately next day we soon left the road and took to the fells, making our way to the summit of Coniston Old Man (2,635 feet). Here we ate lurich while admiring the extensive views and basking in the sunshine. We descended via Seathwaite Tarn to the Duddon Valley, where we found a farm which provided us with tea.

Fortified, we crossed to Eskdale Hostel between Harter Fell and Green Crag.

The next morning, still in sunshine, we began the ascent of Sca Fell Pike (3,210 feet). After passing Eel and Burnmoor Tarns we enjoyed (?) a not uneventful passage across Hard Rigg Screes. This kept us what height we had gained, but hardly saved any time !

However, after lunching in Lingmell Gill we made good time to a somewhat densely-populated summit. A rumour that tea might be obtained in the distant valley led certain members to descend via Sprinkling and Sty Head Tarns to Seathwaite Farm at record speed.

Slower members barely had time to snatch a cup of tea in passing, as they hurried towards Longthwaite Hostel in Borrowdale.

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The following morning as the weather broke, instead of burying our heads in the clouds on Great Gable, we constructed a handsome dam above Stockley Bridge. After lunch we split into two parties, and the Senior Patrol climbed through pouring rain and thick cloud over Windy Gap, (2,500 feet) to the welcome warmth of Black Sail Hut in Upper Ennerdale. The other party made its way to the hostel at the top of Honister Pass.

Next day we all met near Buttermere Lake and made our way over Newlands Hause and by launch from Nichol End to Keswick. A last-minute sprint enabled us to catch the bus to Higham Hostel.

By an even narrower margin the next morning we caught a bus back to Keswick and thence to Thirlspot. In rain and cloud we crossed Sticks Pass, pausing for lunch, and again while Magson retrieved his hat from the mists. We descended in brightening weather to a magnificent view of Ullswater and so to Patterdale Hostel.

Our last full day was bright and clear, and leaving our packs by Hayes Water Lake we climbed to High Street (2,423 feet) along which runs a Roman road. Here we were rewarded with some of the finest views of the tour, as far north as Galloway and south to the Duddon estuary. We returned to our packs for lunch and trekked through virtually uncharted country over Threshthwaite Cove (about 2,000 feet) to Troutbeck Hostel, only two miles from Windermere Station.

PARTY B. Party B strolled to the Windermere Ferry and crossed to Bryerswood. It was soon discovered that one Scouter was speedy while the other was not and the party divided into two groups and met at Esthwaite Lodge. Next day the lazy party went by The Tarns to Coniston, while the more energetic ones climbed their first peak, Wetherlan (2,502 feet) and were rewarded with extensive views before descending steeply to the Copper Mines Hostel.

Friday was again fine and hot and it was slow going past the slate quarries to the summit of the Old Man of Coniston. The ridge walk northwards took some on to Grey Friar and all down to Cockley Beck Farm for tea. The day ended with the walk over Hard Knott Pass, visiting the Roman fort on the way to the Eskdale Hostel.

Saturday's route followed the Esk towards its source, branching north-west up Cam Spout. There was some mist in the morning and both sections had to steer by map and compass at times. After lunch at the bottom of the waterfall the steep ascent to Mickledore was tackled. On the top ridge the clouds lowered and it started to rain heavily, continuing to do so for the rest of the day. Visibility on the top of Scafell Pike was about ten yards and the compass was again needed to guide one section down by the Guide's route to Sty Head, and the other by Esk Hause to Sty Head, and then to Borrowdale.

From Seatoller all went by bus to the Keswick Hostel.

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Sunday was a day of rest : some stayed in the vicinity of Keswick and Derwentwater most of the day and then went by bus by Bassenthwaite Lake to Higham Hostel. A few energetic ones (including both Scouters !) climbed Skiddaw (3,053 feet). The weather had changed again; there was a gale blowing, but no rain, and the views in all directions were magnificent.

Monday was wet; all went by bus to Wythburn on Thirlmere and from there climbed Helvellyn (3,118 feet) by the pony track. There was thick cloud on top and nothing could be seen. The compass was again needed. At three o'clock the weather suddenly cleared. One party went down to Greenside Hostel by the Sticks Pass and the other climbed down the steep slope to Kepplecove Tarn and so to the hostel.

The last day's journey was by Ullswater, Brothers' Water and the Scandale Pass to Ambleside. The weather was bad at first but soon improved and on the descent to Ambleside Hostel there was a final view of the Langdale Pikes, Bow Fell and Wetherlam.

SHOOTING The Easter Term is always considered the most important period in the School shooting season, since we have both the "Country Life" Competition and the most important matches this term. As was the case last term, most of our poor scores have been the results of bad luck in the form of I inch groups missed by hairs-breadths, but in the main the shooting has not been of a high standard, being unsteady in the extreme.

Forgetting for the moment that a bad workman blames his tools, we have had considerable trouble with our rifles. At the beginning of term there was but one reliable rifle, the others having either broken striker pins, or pieces of sights missing. Later on, after much changing of bolts and modifying of sights, one more rifle emerged to take the strain, and the majority of our matches were shot with these two rifles.

It was then that the need for a reliable sight was fully realised, and two Parker-Hale models were ordered. Much to our annoyance they did not arrive in time for the "Country Life".

Our results this term have been as follows :St. Peter's Results 611 610 599 586 627 612 604

St. Bartholomew's Yelstead Bridlington Rossal King Edward's Sutton Vallence George Watson's

51

595 593 548 643 609 639 626

Won Won Won Lost Won Lost Lost

In the "Country Life" Competition we estimate our score at 591 in the straight shoot and in the landscape 176, three pairs obtaining full marks. This success was due mainly to J. C. Oldroyd, who gave the fire orders admirably.

The team and averages for this season have been as follows :*H. Rigg (79.79), *A. Wick (75.08), *E. Davey (75.3), *D. Bird (74.47). *J. Weightman (75.15), *P. Lumby (73.92), *J. Lewis (74.00), T. A. Foy (70.64). * Denotes Colours.

SQUASH Only two matches were played this term and both were lost.

SCHOOL v. LEEDS UNIVERSITY 2-3 Lost 1. M. J. Wood 1-3 Lost 2. P. D. F. James 3-0 Won 3. D. H. Beachell 2-3 Lost 4. J. E. Fawcett 1-3 Lost 5. J. M. Raylor

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

SCHOOL v. DONCASTER G.S. 2-3 Lost M. J. Wood 3-1 Won P. D. F. James 3-0 Won D. H. Beachell 2-3 Lost J. E. Fawcett 2-3 Lost J. M. Raylor

James and Beachell were awarded their Squash Colours.

The School Open Knock-out Competition was won by M. J. Wood, who beat P. D. F. James in the final 9-1, 9-4, 9-1. There was also a Junior Competition, which was won by F. J. Pacey, who beat Hodd in the final, 3-2.

The House matches were very close this year. Manor beat Temple 3-0 in the first round. In the semi-finals Manor beat School House 3-2, and Grove beat Rise 3-2 after a hard match. Grove won the final 3-0, the result being :M. J. Wood beat J. M. Raylor, 3-0.

G. B. Pullan beat M. T. Greenwood, 3-2.

D. I. Fletcher beat J. J. Youll, 3-0.

We look forward to seeing a rejuvenated Squash Court next term.

52

•

HOCKEY, 1952 RETROSPECT The main objectives of our inevitably short Hockey season are to give boys some idea of the game before they leave School, and to enable as many boys as possible to enjoy their hockey. Despite a blank fortnight, due to frost and a little snow, we can reasonably claim to have attained our aim.

When we come to consider the play of the teams which represented the School, there are some facts which are very clear. The School team created one record, which may be unique, in that the same team played in every match. Changes were contemplated on occasions, but none was ever made. This is not altogether an enviable distinction, since it might well imply a lack of talent; but the team did very largely choose itself; and the last fortnight, to which reference has already been made, deprived us of the very games in which experiments might have been made. Faced with matches against other Schools without sufficient time to prepare, it was thought best to try to weld the selected side into a team rather than chop and change it.

As a fact we never quite reached our objective.

We started off well enough, and early in the term the team looked more like a team than for several years past. Then came the fortnight's break, and we missed two matches we sorely needed, especially that against Styx, and we never really recovered. The team never "clicked". On some days the defence looked safe and well-organised, with backs and halves having a good understanding, only to find the forwards quite out of touch. On other days the reverse happened.

The team was never all at its best together. They could play good hockey, but far too often failed to reach their own best standard.

The failings of the side were clear enough. They seldom hit the ball hard enough : and that was due, in part at least, to an inability to get the ball under control quickly; and a habit, which persisted through every disaster which it caused, of giving the ball at least one entirely unnecessary tap, so losing valuable time.

The second eleven had only three matches—two were cancelled— and though energetically led by Rigg, had only one success—against Bootham School—to their credit.

It is said that the secret of golf is "a youth spent golf club in

hand". The same might be said of hockey : and those who will be back at School next year are strongly advised to get as much hockey practice as they can before term begins. Greater proficiency means

greater enjoyment.

53

1st XI MATCHES Wed., 23rd Jan. Sat., 26th Jan. Sat., 9th Feb. Wed., 20th Feb. Sat., 23rd Feb. Wed., 27th Feb. Sat., 1st Mar. Wed., 5th Mar.

v. Waterloo Battalion, Fulford v. Mansfield Youth Club v. A. E. R. Dodd's XI v. Scarborough College v. York H.C. v. Bootham School v. Worksop College (away)

Won Won Lost Won Lost Won Lost Lost

3-1 4-0 1-2 4-0 0-3 3-0 2-5 1-3

Lost Won Lost

2-4 3—I 1-3

2nd XI MATCHES Sat., 16th Feb. v. Bridlington School 1st XI Wed., 22nd Feb. v. Bootham School (away) ...

Wed., 5th Mar. v. Worksop College (away)

CHARACTERS E. A. M. REM-SMITH !(Gool). He has the right attitude of mind for a goalkeeper; and, although his positioning was sometimes at fault, he played consistently well and gave a sense of security to his backs. Runs out well and can kick well.

J. T. ANKERS (Left Back), Capt. He never quite fulfilled his promise of last year, and lost some of his quickness and some of his confidence. But he was the mainstay of the defence and made an admirable Captain who always knew his own mind.

P. D. F. JAMES (Right Back). An entirely new position to him which he filled, on the whole, admirably. He can hit very cleanly and when he learns not to rush his tackles and to pass at the earliest possible moment, he should make quite a good back.

D. I. FLETCHER (Left Half). He never quite fulfilled last year's promise. His defence was good and he found an admirable understanding with Ankers and on occasions stopped up gaps in the defence very well. But his attacking powers are limited, and our left wing attack suffered from this.

S. J. WHrrE (Centre Half). Again his defence was admirable, and he worked hard all through the season. But he so often spoiled his work by not hitting the ball hard enough, and so having many passes meant for his forwards intercepted. A very keen hockey-player who certainly never let us down.

A. T. BOOTH (Right Half). A promising player who must learn to get the ball under control, and so get his passes in more quickly; and also to feed his own wing better. If he can learn those necessities, and it only requires constant practice, he should be good.

G. B. PULLAN (Outside Left).

For reasons already indicated, he was never given enough chances. He can dribble, and centres well as a rule. He filled a very difficult position quite well.

M. J. WOOD (Inside Left). With better ball control and greater quickness in making up his mind what he wants to do he will be a most useful inside forward. This season he was too variable, and yet at his best he showed distinct promise.

A. N. WYATT-GUNNING (Centre Forward). His quickness off the mark makes him dangerous to almost any defence; but he cannot yet keep the ball near enough to his stick to make the most of his speed. He is apt to be selfish, and spoiled much of his shooting by lifting his head at the critical moment. A real trier.

54

(Inside Right). At his best he looked the best hockey player on the side. But he spoiled so much of his play by unintelligent distribution of passes. He needs more dash, and must not be so easily thrown out of his stride.

J. E. FAWCETT

J. M. RAYLOR (Outside Right). The best forward on the side on this season's showing. He has speed, can centre, and occasionally cut in to the circle very well. He scored some good goals by good positioning for a cross-pass from the left wing.

SCHOOL v. MR. A. E. R. DODD'S XI Lost 1 2.

Played at home, 9th February.

This game took the place of the Scarborough H.C. fixture unavoidably cancelled, and it was the side's first experience of club hockey. The pace took us by surprise at the start and the School were two goals down in the first five minutes. After this, however, the defence became much tighter and during the second half generally seemed to have the measure of the opposing forward line.

Here, however, its effectiveness ended and a large gap in mid-field, caused by the defenders hanging too far back, made combination between backs and forwards very difficult. Even so the School attack gave a disappointingly unimaginative display and passes all too frequently went straight to an opponent. Wood scored in reply to goals by Rigg and Hutchinson.

-

SCHOOL v. SCARBOROUGH COLLEGE Won 4-0.

Played at home, 20th February.

On a wet pitch and under rather dismal conditions the more orthodox School side seldom looked like losing to a team which played with enthusiasm but lacked cohesion. Only on a few occasions, when first-time hitting caught them on the wrong foot, did the defence seem to be in trouble. Nevertheless this was not a very heartening display and the School forwards missed several excellent scoring chances through hesitancy in the circle. The approach work was occasionally good but we tended on the whole to allow our opponents' lack of co-ordination to upset our own teamwork. Goals were scored

by Gunning (2), Fawcett, and Wood.

SCHOOL v. YORK H.C. Lost 0-3.

Played at home, 23rd February.

Ironically enough, although this was our heaviest defeat, it was undoubtedly the best all-round performance of the season. The defence looked sound and even at times achieved a certain amount of poise, and Reid-Smith was a very competent goalkeeper (one, at least, of the goals scored against us was a rather fortunate affair).

The forwards, ably supported by an energetic half-back line, combined well and engineered several excellent movements, and with more 55

thrust and confidence might have got several goals. The right wing (Fawcett and Raylor) were often prominent, if a little inclined to be stereotyped in the pattern of their play, and the latter put across some fine centres. Gunning at centre forward tended to hang rather too far back to make adequate use of these, but he was not fed by his inside men as frequently or as intelligently as he might have been.

Nevertheless this was, on the whole, a most encouraging display.

SCHOOL v. BOOTHAM SCHOOL Won 3-0.

Played at home, 27th February.

The early play was even and rather uneventful, neither defence being really extended. Towards the end of the first half, however, the School forwards quickened the tempo and their attacks became more sustained until, two minutes before half-time, Gunning scored with a good shot from a short corner.

After the interval the School forwards were continuously on the attack, and Raylor, well supplied with passes, looked particularly dangerous and sent across some very good centres. The inside forwards were too slow in the circle : but another goal had to come and from Raylor's centre Fawcett drew the goalkeeper and Gunning scored. The third goal also came from a centre of Raylor's, which Fawcett converted with a good shot.

The School looked the better of two not very good sides. The defence was sound, while the forwards—though they should have scored more goals—looked more penetrative than the Bootham forward line, and were more than a match for the Bootham defence, despite a good display by one of their full-backs.

SCHOOL v. OLD PETERITES Lost 2-5.

Played at home, 1st March.

Against a side which contained some O.P.s who had not touched a hockey stick for some time, with several other regular players who occupied unfamiliar positions, the School were beaten by their own slowness of thought and action. The O.P. inside forwards, Dryden, Hodd and Graham, played intelligent hockey, the defence was far too easily drawn out of position and the covering of the full-backs was often at fault. The School forwards were no better than the defence and missed at least five glorious scoring chances in the first half.

Wood scored for the School in the first five minutes, and Gunning added another goal in the second half when some improvement in the general play of the side was noticeable. It was a dull game, and the play generally—except for Hodd, Graham, and Steele for the O.P.s, never reached a high standard.

56

4

SCHOOL v. WORKSOP COLLEGE Lost 1 3.

Played at Worksop, 5th March.

Playing on a firm and fast ground which should have been to their liking, the School disappointed by their refusal to play the fast incisive hockey of which they had shown themselves capable under less favourable conditions earlier in the season. The forwards hung on to the ball too long, the defence dallied, and the whole side could be faulted for not hitting the ball hard enough. A goal, and a good one, by Raylor early in the second half produced some improvement : but after Worksop had been presented with an equaliser, the School faded out of the picture. On the day's play the better side won.

Mention must be made of Reid-Smith, who gave a courageous display in goal, and could not be blamed for any of the shots which beat him.

-

ATHLETICS AND CROSS-COUNTRY Athletics during the last three weeks of the Easter Term is always rather a gamble with the weather, and thoughts of last year were still very vivid in our minds when we launched out on another intensive athletic programme this term.

Rivalry between Houses in the Standards Competition was keener than ever, especially so because the destiny of the Athletics Shield seemed unpredictable. The weather, too, was kind; the process of getting fit was done in almost Spring-like conditions, and only in the last week did the climate become comparable with that of 1951.

Although alibis were plentiful, and sometimes plausible, the ranks of the abstainers were few in number this year, and even the "nonathletics" seemed for the most part to be getting a "kick" out of the intense competition and deriving enormous benefit from their personal exertions. The track was invariably in good condition, and the gentle breezes (sometimes not so gentle) usually favoured the sprinters. In spite of the fact that all contestants were mercilessly down-graded a standard on one occasion, the next endeavour brought a plentiful crop of high standards.

Once again, the Rise gained a very commanding lead, achieving an average of 12.92 per boy, only a minute fraction less than their average of 12.96 in 1950. J. M. Raylor established himself as the best all-round athlete in the School, being the only boy in Set A to gain maximum points, and the Juniors throughout the School, particularly in School House, showed exceptional promise. Individuals who excelled by gaining maximum points were :—in Set A : J. M. Raylor (M.); in Set B : J. C. Dent (G.); in Set D : N. J. Bell (S.H.), W. B. Crosskill (S.H.), E. A. Jackson (S.H.), D. J. Nesham (S.H.) and E. W. Peat (S.H.); and in Set E : G. R. H. Clemons (S.H.) and D. Pfluger (G.). No less than 13 more boys were within an ace of the maximum possible.

57

The Rise gained a lead of 23 points on Standards alone over their nearest rivals, the Grove, but such was the success of Temple in the Senior and Intermediate Mile Races, held on the 26th of March, that speculation became rife once again as to the ultimate destination of the Athletics Shield. Temple gained 17 points on these two events alone, and so started on Sports Day only 11 points behind the Rise.

Gradually and relentlessly, as the Sports Day Meeting progressed, this lead was reduced, until Temple took the lead, for the first time, after the 10th event on the programme Twice this lead was lost, only to be regained, until 11 points only separated the two Houses before the final event, the Senior Relay. Here Temple possessed the strongest string to their bow, and the Rise were only able to take 3rd place.

If only the weather had obliged, the meeting would have been an outstanding success. As it was, it was a bitterly cold and cheerless day. J. M. Raylor quickly disposed of any doubts there may have been in our minds as to who was the School's fastest runner, by winning the 100 yards by a clear two yards. Events throughout the afternoon were keenly and closely contested, and W. G. A. Maxwell and F. J. Pacey are to be congratulated on their respective School records. Finally Mrs. Raylor kindly presented the Athletics Shield to J. T. Ankers, Captain of Temple, and the concourse quickly dispersed to more congenial climatic surroundings.

INTER-HOUSE ATHLETICS, Saturday, 29th March, 1952 Standards : Rise 200; Grove 177; School House 176; Temple 172; Manor 161.

Senior Mile: 1. Ankers (T.); 2. Meredith (T.); 3. Robinson (T.); 4. Rigg (M.).

Time : 5 min. 0.8 secs.

Inter Mile : 1. R. B. Atkinson (T.); 2. Wick (G.), 3. Heap (T.); 4. P. Smith (G.) Time : 5 min. 12.5 secs.

Senior 100 Yards : 1. Raylor (M.); 2. C. K. Smith (S.H.); 3. Everitt (G.); 4.

Coverdale (R.). Time : 11.1 secs.

Junior 100 Yards : 1. Crosskill (S.H.); 2. Pfluger (G.); 3. Wilding (R.); 4.

R. Atkinson (T.). Time : 11.4 secs.

Inter 100 Yards : I. Equal, Johnson (T), Booth (M.); 3. Maxwell (G.); 4.

Burdass (G.). Time : 11.2 secs.

Senior High Jump : 1. Fletcher (G.); 2. Wyatt-Gunning (R); 3. Raylor (G.); 4. Nelson (S.H.). Height : 5 ft. 01 in.

Junior Long Jump : 1. Nesham (S.H.); 2. Stubbs (R.); 3. Jordan (M.); 4.

Unwin (G.). Distance : 15 ft. 11i in.

Inter Half Mile : 1. R. B. Atkinson (T.); 2. Firth (S.H.); 3. Heap (T.); 4.

Bolton (R.). Time : 2 min. 25.2 secs.

Senior Half Mile : 1. Ankers (T.); 2. Meredith (T.); 3. Rigg (M.); 4. Greenwood (M.). Time : 2 min. 19.6 secs.

Senior 220 Yards : 1. Driver (S.H.); 2. Raylor (M.); 3. James (R); 4. Everitt (G.). Time : 25.4 secs.

Inter 220 Yards : 1. Johnson (T.); 2. Lewis i(R.); 3. Macpherson (S.H.); 4.

Burdass (G.). Time : 26.8 secs Junior 220 Yards : 1. Pfluger (G); 2. Crosskill (S.H.); 3. R. Atkinson (T.); 4.

Equal, Jordan (M.), Wilding (R.). Time : 27.0 secs.

Senior Long Jump : 1. Wyatt-Gunning (R.); 2. Fletcher (G.); 3. Coverdale (R.); 4. Driver (S.H.). Distance : 18 ft. 10 in.

Inter High Jump : 1. Maxwell (G.); 2. Firth (S.H.); 3. Jesper (T.); 4. Barton (T.). Height : 5 ft. 11 in. (Record.)

58

Junior Cricket Ball : 1. Pacey (S.H.); 2. R. Atkinson (T.); 3. Stubbs (G.); 4.

Isherwood (R.). Distance : 76 yds. 5 in. ' (Record.)

Inter 440 Yards : 1. R. B. Atkinson (T.); 2. Booth (M.); 3. P. Smith (G.); 4. Lewis (R.). Time : 59.8 secs.

Junior 440 Yards : 1. Beckitt '(T.); 2. Birch (G.); 3. Equal, Portlock (R.), Bell (S.H.). Time : 64.0 secs.

Senior 440 Yards : 1. James (R.); 2. C. K. Smith (S.H.); 3. Spencer (M.); 4. Driver (S.H.). Time: 58.3 secs.

Inter Long Jump : 1. Johnson (T.); 2. Booth (M); 3. Bulmer (M.); 4. Ibberson (R). Distance : 18 ft. 21 in.

Junior High Jump : 1. Pfluger (G.); 2. Dobson (T.); 3. Portlock (R); 4. Equal, Kirkus i(R.), Stark (M.). Height : 4 ft. 41 in.

Junior Relay : 1. Rise; 2. Manor; 3. Grove; 4. Temple. Time : No recording.

School House disqualified from 1st place.

Inter Relay : 1. Temple; 2. Rise; 3. Grove; 4. Manor. Time : 1 min. 54.8 secs.

Senior Relay : 1. Temple; 2. Manor; 3. Rise; 4. School House. Time : No recording.

House Placing: 1. Temple 262 points.

2. Rise 2541 points.

3. Grove 230 points.

4. School House 2191 points.

5. Manor 206 points.

CROSS-COUNTRY, 28th February, 1952 Although conditions were severe during the early part of training, by the time the event was held the worst of the Winter had passed and ground conditions were good.

By way of a change, the event was a very open race. There was no Goodburn in the field, and there were many fancies amongst the speculators. The Goodburn Cup, however, was to be awarded for the first time, and it also looked very much as if the Cross-country Plate might find a new home.

The stampede from the starting point quickly disappeared into the chilly and foggy atmosphere, and from then on for 20 minutes or so we relied upon news of their progress from our wireless enthusiasts.

Finally out of the fog emerged B. Meredith a clear winner in the very creditable time of 23 minutes 264 seconds, followed by Raylor and Ankers. Of the younger generation, R. B. Atkinson (4th) and C. S. Elston (14th) ran with distinction. Unfortunately for Temple S. J. White dropped out when running prominently, and this misfortune may well have lost them the Plate, but the Manor put up a splendid performance by getting 6 runners into the first 14 places, and so won the Inter-House Competition.

House Placings :Grove.

5 10 13 161 161 24 Total 85

Manor.

2 7 8 9 11 14 51

Rise.

6 12 20 27 28 33 _ 126

59

School House.

18 21 30 31 32 35

•■•1

167

Temple.

1 3 4 15 22 23

■MI

68

CORRESPONDENCE THE CROSS-COUNTRY RACE To the Editor of "The Peterite".

Dear Sir, The present organisation in the School of the popular sport of cross-country running leaves, in my opinion, something to be desired.

The race is run, of course, as an inter-house competition, and under the present arrangement whereby only a limited number of runners compete, this involves the choosing of House teams. As far as I am able to discover, this is usually done by one of the following methods :— (i) arbitrary selection by the House Captain of his worst enemies; (ii) House "trial runs", during which various individuals may be seen surreptitiously marking time behind bushes in order to avoid selection.

Once the teams have been chosen, they have to be trained (to the detriment of other sports), while the main mass of Rugger players and the "unclassified" revert to long and aimless runs, which are shirked as far as possible largely because those who have to go them can see no object in doing so.

Now, could not this state of affairs be improved, and many more boys be given some purpose in their compulsory exercise if the whole School were to take part in the race? If this were done, and perhaps the first twenty boys in each House were to count towards their House's total of points, a much more accurate indication of the comparative running strengths of Houses would be obtained than is possible with the present system. The course is not too long, even for juniors—they are frequently sent to run round it, anyway—and overcrowding at the start could be avoided by organising the runners into Seniors, Intermediates and Juniors and starting them at, say, oneminute intervals. Checking and recording at the finish would need care, but a large roll of numbered tickets would simplify this.

I know that similar systems are used with success in other schoo and I feel sure that even the most reluctant pedestrians will a that the arguments in favour of such a system are weighty. Perhaps—t who knows?—they may one day find their way into the ponde deliberations of the Games Committee.

Yours faithfully, "ZEALOT".

60

CRICKET FIXTURES, 1952 1st XI Wed. May 14 Sat. „ 17 Wed. „ 21 Sat. „ 24 Wed. „ 28 Sat. „ 31 Wed. June 4 Sat. „ 7 Wed. „ 11 Sat. „ 14

York C.C. ...

Clifton C.C. ...

Durham School Worksop Coll.

1st Round Sen Giggleswick Sch Combined XI Yorks. Gent. ...

Amplef'th Coll Leeds G.S.

Wed. „

Pembroke Coll Carob.

Bradford G.S. M.C.C. Semi-finals Seni

18

Sat. „ 21 Wed. „ 25 Sat.„ 28 Wed. Jul y Sat. „ 5 Wed. „ 9 Sat. „ 12 Sat. „ Wed. „ Fri. Sat

„ „

A A for

Durham School Worksop Coll.

House Match ...

H Giggleswick Sch v. R.A.F. Linton

H H A

Craven Gent.

Amplef'th Coll Leeds G.S.

H

A

H

H

or

H A

H

Bradford G.S.... A House Matches Match

H A A

Bootham Sch.

'Under 16' Colts XI Durham School

H

Worksop Coll.

H

Giggleswick Sch Amplef'th Coll Ashville Coll ...

(2nd XI) 1st Round Juni

A

A

H

Final Se n ior Ho Use

Bootham Sch. T.H.Ifobson's XI 25 26 }Old Peterites 19 23

2nd XI

H H

H A Or

Bradford G.S.... A

'Under 15' Colts XI Drax Worksop Coll.

A

Bootham Sch.

H

Leeds G.S.

H

House Match Bootham Sch.

Semi-finals Juni Or

House Match

Final Junior Ho use

Match Pocklington School

H

H

A

A

H

BOATING The weather only stopped boating twice this term, which for a Lent Term must surely be a record. Illness, however, as usual claimed its victims and made crew-building rather difficult. The improvement in the boating of the School has nevertheless continued, and we can look forward confidently to a good term of boating in the Summer with last year's defeats to avenge.

New ideas have been introduced into the club by the coaching of two Lady Margaret oarsmen; Mr. Morris, a Student Master, and an 0.P., P. Garbutt (Manor, 1942-46). Their help has been greatly appreciated as it has lessened the burden of Mr. Howat and Mr. Lavender and given them an opportunity to do the repairs which are daily necessary. Details of the inter-House races are given below, but we must congratulate Manor on performing the double—an achievement of which J. B. Weightman, the Manor Captain, can be justly proud.

THE HOUSE RACES—SENIOR DIVISION. The races were rowed on Wednesday, 5th March, the preliminary round having been rowed on the previous Saturday.

In the preliminary round Rise met Temple; Rise, the more experienced crew winning by a bare length in 4 minutes 54.5 seconds.

Although half a length down at the start Temple rowed well, but were unable to close the gap. At the take-in, although tiring, Rise were more than a length in front and managed to stay ahead in spite of a strong challenge from their opponents.

61

Whittaker, the Grove captain, won the toss in the first semi-final against Rise and wisely chose the station side, the side on which the very strong current would help most. At the boat-house, in spite of a mishap in the first ten, Grove were half a length ahead and slowly increasing their lead. Rise eventually managed to hold them and at the diving boards there was only a length difference between the two boats. Here, however, Grove were helped by the current and slowly drew ahead to win by al lengths in 4 minutes 20.4 seconds.

Once more, in the second semi-final, the winning of the toss proved decisive, Manor electing to row on the station side. Although House started very well with a higher rate of striking and were soon a length up, it was realised that two lengths lead at least was necessary on the Minster side to counteract the current. At the diving boards Manor began to overtake House rapidly and went on to win in 4 minutes 30 seconds by 11 lengths.

So Grove met Manor in the final, much as had been expected.

No doubt to avoid repetition of what happened in the semi-final, Grove, on station side, started more slowly, with the result that Manor were soon ahead. Grove, however, held them to a lead of one length until Love Lane, when 3 came off his seat. Through very good rowing helped by expert coxing by Foy, Manor's commanding lead was shortened but once more Grove were held up by a mishap. Manor therefore increased their lead considerably and, in spite of the gallant efforts of Dent, won by the relatively narrow margin of 11 lengths in a time of 4 minutes 34 seconds.

SECOND DIVISION. The Second Division races were rowed on Wednesday, 12th March, after a preliminary on the previous Monday. Manor, little changed from last year, were once more the winners, beating Temple rather easily in the semi-final without really being tested, although in the final they had to row well to beat Grove. Grove won two races to reach the final, beating Rise convincingly in the preliminary round and School House by a length in the semi-final. The details are as follows :— SCHOOL HOUSE 1 1 GROVE v.

1 }RISE J Time : 2 min. 20 sec. I GROVE v.

GROVE I Time : 2 min. 6 secs. Distance : 1 length. I }MANOR v.

Distance : Easily.

I Time : 2 min. 21 sec.

MANOR 1 TEMPLE } Time : 2 min. 20 sec. I Distance : i length v.

J Distance: 3i lengths ) MANOR CREWS (Bow first). SENIOR. Grove : —J. Whittaker, M. J. F. Everitt, D. C. Dick, J. C. Dent, T. A. Foy. Manor :—J. G. Humble, R. A. Jackson, J. B. Weightman, C. W. Thompson, J. H. McDonald.

Rise : —M. W. Bolton, W. R. Ibberson, M. C. M. Lochore, J. C. Oldroyd, J. R. V. Leishman. :

62

School House :—M. B. Rushholme, M. S. Milne, G. D. Gardner, D. G. Hilton, C. G. Howat.

Temple :—C. M. Ward, A. E. Simpson, R. B. Atkinson, J. C. Herring, J. M. Welch.

JUNIOR.

Grove :—T. M. Sheriff, J. Wick, M. N. Coates, J. E. Smith, D. C. Pattison.

Manor :—J. A. Jackson, R. M. Johnson, J. M. Saville, C. M. Dunn, A. M. Marsh.

Rise :—A. J. Isherwood, J. B. Claydon, J. A. Sharp, D. A. Haxby, J. R. Shirtcliff e.

School House :—J. M. Holt, J. N. T. Howat, C. K. Smith, C. J. Griffiths, P. J. Middlebrook.

Temple : —N. R. Seaton, R. V. King, J. R. Dodsworth, B. A. Heap, R. B. Holdsworth.

THE JUNIOR SCHOOL Old Peterites who were at St. Olave's may read these notes from time to time, and may then remark that St. Olave's seems to be going along in much the same way as in their time—except, perhaps, for the increase in numbers. However, at the beginning of this Easter Term an important change was brought in, which has been greatly approved and which has worked very well. Instead of the Junior School boys being split up for Prayers at the beginning of the morning, some to Chapel and some to Prayers in the Assembly Room, all St. Olave's boys have attended Prayers in Chapel at 9-0 a.m. (after the Senior School service). We then start our first period of work at 9-15.

This Easter Term has been one of the best for good health and regular attendance we have had for some years. Our numbers have not quite reached the 200 mark, though very nearly ! We started the term with 198 boys in attendance, and one more boy joined us at half term.

A notable anniversary occurred this term. On 21st March it was a great pleasure to announce that Our Scout Troop had completed exactly 21 years of existence.

It was on 21st March, 1931, when the "St. Peter's School, York, Group" was formed with Mr. K. G. Chilman as the Scoutmaster of 21 Scouts, and Miss E. C. M. Toyne as Cubmistress of the Wolf Cub Pack of two Sixes. Since the date of formation the Scouts and the Cubs have never ceased their activities and they have greatly increased in numbers, and in importance in School. Mr. Kenneth Chilman is to be heartily congratulated on his long association with the "movement", and on contributing so much during these years to its success.

Continuing the custom of recording some Nature notes, it was interesting that the first Lesser Celandine, and the first Coltsfoot in bloom were brought in by different boys on the same day, 25th February. The Winter, as far as York was concerned, has been a 63

fairly "open" one, with but little snow, though we had a period of frosty weather this term when the boys enjoyed sliding and skating on the Ings.

On Wednesday, 26th March, the boys of the Junior School gave themselves a "private" concert in the Big Hall. Boys from each Form in turn gave vocal or instrumental items which they had learned during the term, and they entertained us all very well indeed. We hope the idea of this performance will recur.

Our Annual Boxing Tournament was held on Thursday, 27th March, when there was a very "full house" in the Gym. to see some very spirited boxing. The results of the contests are given below.

The Junior School Final Assembly was held, and the end of term was greeted in the usual way, at noon on 31st March.

SALVETE

F. J. A. Hewitt I (Day Boy). J. F. Railton i(Day Boy). A. F. Wilson (Day Boy).

E. W. Trevelyan (Wentworth).

;

,

VALETE A. B. Nel (Alcuin).

ST. OLAVE'S BOXING TOURNAMENT Thursday, 27th March, at 2-15 p.m.

J.

CONTESTS

A. Baldwin beat S. D. Ward. H. A. Raley beat W. E. Montague.

T. P. Brown beat A. R. Millward. M. Ruddock beat L. T. Beaumont.

I. T. Parkin beat J. P. Harris. P. Hodgson beat B. D. Shearsmith. A. H. Crowther beat P. J. Burton. T. E. Giddings retired from S. K. Hill. F. J. Hewitt beat J. G. Fairclough. J. G. Wright beat D. H. Rhodes. W. Gibson beat R. E. Clifford. M. P. Giddings beat J. J. Rhodes. P. H. Moat beat J. Burdon. H. A. Fenn beat D. E. Coulson. T. C. James beat G. N. Caddell.

D. G. Macpherson beat M. J. Kershaw.

Duration of bouts—Three rounds of one minute each. One minute interval.

Referee: Major D. K. Crews, T.D. Judges: Lt.-Col. K. G. Chilman, T.D., Mr. J. S. Cooper, Mr. D. A. C. Blunt.

Timekeepers: Mr. J. Nix, Mr. C. E. Field.

Announcer: Mr. A. W. Ping.

Instructor: R.S.M. P. F. Power, M.B.E.

MUSIC

On Wednesday afternoon, 13th February, Mr. Norman Mitchell, assisted by Mr. C. J. Walker on the violin and Mr. Waine on the piano, gave an interesting lecture-recital on "The Oboe and its music".

On the last Wednesday afternoon of term, 26th March, the Junior School held an informal concert in which all the forms sang and a representative selection of boys played solos on the violin and on the piano.

6.

•

SCOUTING JUNIOR SCHOOL PATROLS The annual collection of used Christmas Cards on behalf of disabled ex-Servicemen produced the largest number so far. The largest individual collection was made by C. J. Carolin, who gathered together four thousand, a very good effort. The Pack also contributed to the collection.

A good deal of hard work has been put in on 2nd Cla's Te3ts . during the term and nine boys completed their tests for this badge.

In this connection it is of interest to note that at the Scout Census taken each year on 31st March the Group contained 55 Scouts. Of these five held the 1st Class Badge, and 34 were 2nd Class Scouts.

Two Scouts, P/L. D. W. Pickup and Second C. J. Quickfall, attended a series of lectures on Fire-fighting at York City Fire Station and were subsequently awarded the Fire-fighter Badge. Having completed 15 years' warranted service, Mr. J. Nix has been awarded the Long Service Decoration.

WOLF CUB REPORT There are once again 28 Cubs in the Pack and a long waiting list, We have 13 Cubs with their First Stars but only two with both Stars, and these Cubs wi'l be going up to the Scouts. Ten special proficiency badges were gained this term. In the inter-six competition Blues were again victorious, followed at a distance by Greens.

Apart from the routine meetings, we held one football match against 3rd Acomb, the present holders of the Cup. They defeated us 3-0, all goals being scored in the second half. We did well to hold them for so long, but a strong breeze helped us in the first half.

For our Christmas good turn we made our usual collection of Christmas Cards for disabled ex-servicemen to renovate, helping the Scouts to produce a record number.

During the term we took part in the York and District Cub Show, when each pack produced a turn lasting five minutes. We acted a charade, in which two lady Cubmasters had trouble with their Cubs, and it was well received by a large audience.

JUNIOR SCHOOL FOOTBALL The only items for recording this Easter Term are the results of the Senior and Junior Division of the Inter-House Football Competitions.

In the semi-finals of the former : Etruscans beat Spartans, 9 points to 3.

Trojans beat Thebans, 21 points to 3.

While in the final :Etruscans beat the Trojans, 9 points to 3.

65

In the Junior Division, who play Soccer, and are under 11 I of age :— Etruscans beat Trojans, 5 goals to nil. ,• Thebans beat Spartans, 2 goals to 1.

The final winners being the Thebans, who beat the Etruscans, 1 goal to nil.

JUNIOR SCHOOL CROSS-COUNTRY During the term there have been the usual inter-House matches.

After the leagues, in which each House competes against the other Houses in turn, Etruscans were leading, their Seniors carrying all before them. On the day of the championships, therefore, when all Houses run together, they started firm favourites. Thebans, by winning the Junior event drew level with them, and they gained the lead after the Middles' race. All depended on the Senior event, which Etruscans were expected to win, but Thebans won owing to good packing, thereby gaining the Shield by a comfortable margin.

Spartans tied with Etruscans for the second place. The three individual champions, Whitmore (Seniors), Holroyd (Middles) and H. A. Fenn (Juniors), were unbeaten throughout the season.

EDITORIAL NOTICES is the magazine of St. Peter's School, York.

The Editors solicit literary contributions and general correspondence from past and present Peterites.

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The Peterite is published three times a year, at the beginning of each term.

If any members of the O.P. Club should not receive their numbers of The Peterite, the Editors would be obliged if notice could be sent at once to The Bursar, St. Peter's School, York.

The Editors of The Peterite will be glad to supply any past numbers which they may have to those desiring them, at the price of ls. Od. per copy.

Applications for advertising space to be made to The Bursar, St. Peter's School, York.

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