Curriculum

The English Department at St. Sebastian’s has three distinct goals: first, to help students read with understanding, appreciation, and insight; second, to encourage incisive thinking through involved discussion; third, to enable students to write clearly, logically, and personally about the issues and ideas of literature and of their lives.

All three goals are intrinsic to the program. The selection of required canonical and nontraditional literature and the expectation of independent reading contribute to the development of sound comprehension skills and analytical ability. The quality and range of discussion possible in small classes generates increased depth of thought as it places a premium on the ability to present ideas with clarity and focus. An emphasis on frequent writing at every grade level works toward the establishment of refined and persuasive writing ability. As it works to produce effective readers, thinkers, and writers, the Department also seeks to develop each student’s intrinsic love of literature and increase his understanding of cultures different from his own.

The goals and diverse methodologies of the Department depend heavily upon collaborative involvement and participation of both teachers and students rather than dissemination of facts. In their classes, English teachers embrace an active student model, where each member of the class is both engaged in and responsible for his own learning. Students sit face to face with one another and with the teacher, creating a fertile environment for shared discussion and genuine learning.

In grades seven through eleven, students participate in full-year, comprehensive English courses in which they study literature in its major forms: short story, novel, poetry, drama, and nonfiction. The Department’s teachers examine the fundamentals of English language with their students and provide guidance and comments that develop proficiency in writing. At the same time, students in these classes learn to find their own voices both in their written work and in the daily discussions central to every English class in the School. In grade twelve, qualified students have an opportunity to pursue AP courses in English Literature and/ or Writing. All upper school English courses are offered on honors and standard levels.

ENGLISH 7 In this course, students undergo their initial preparation for advancement through the English program. The emphasis is upon writing skills and basic grammar, as well as an expanded view of literature. Additionally, students read a variety of short stories, plays, poems, and novels. Students learn to express in writing their responses to the works they read. Texts include Peck, A Day No Pigs Would Die; Hackett, The Diary of Anne Frank; McDougal, Littel Literature, Green Level; Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet; and Vocabulary Workshop, Level C.

ENGLISH 8 In this course, students continue their study of language and literature, and they engage in more comprehensive writing. Students continue the reading and study of novels, short stories, and plays, and they develop a familiarity with language that is essential to the appreciation of serious thought. As they progress from the writing of paragraphs to well-structured compositions,

The St. Sebastian’s Visiting Authors Series offers students the opportunity to attend author-led workshops and readings from works that are studied in the context of the curriculum. In recent years we have welcomed a variety of writers including Dennis Lehane, Steve Pemberton, Travis Roy, and David McCullough.

“It is a great privilege to be a part of these students’ lives—to read great texts with them, to share in their excitement at discovering some new idea. We read the best books in a class of 10 or 12 motivated students. I can’t think of a better environment in which to learn and to grow.“

Christopher F. Lynch Chair, English Department Appointed to faculty in 1997 B.A., College of the Holy Cross M.A., Middlebury College M.Ed., Boston College

they develop the techniques of outlining, revising, and following a well-ordered plan of writing. Works studied include Elements of Literature, Second Course; Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun; Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea; Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird; and Shakespeare, Julius Caesar

ENGLISH 9 In the grade nine course, students further refine their writing ability, producing expository papers of up to five hundred words in length. The study of various forms of literature continues, with an eye to the development of critical reading and interpretive skills. Works studied include Golding, Lord of the Flies; Homer, Odyssey (trans. Fagles); Beowulf (trans. Heaney); Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part 1; Hamilton, Mythology; and Wilson, Fences.

FRESHMAN WRITING This required course, taken in addition to English 9, provides an academic forum in which students develop their abilities to express themselves intelligently, accurately, and creatively. The writing process—prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing—becomes a natural and effective method for students as their writing confidence and skills grow. The class engages students in reading published expository prose, fiction, poetry, and peer writing as models of and inspiration for their exemplary compositions. In conjunction with the formal modes of analytical writing, journal writing fosters the open expression of ideas and voice. In addition, students build their peer-revision and self-revision skills through discussions, teacherstudent conferences, and exercises in the classroom. To help students edit with purpose and certainty,

the course emphasizes grammar and mechanics lessons as the foundation of strong, well-organized prose. Texts include Grammar for Writing; Models for Writers; and Vocabulary from Classical Roots, Book D.

ENGLISH 10 In this sophomore course, students examine works of British Literature from the Anglo-Saxon period to the 21st century. Class discussion focuses on the development of the English language as well as the major themes of each text. Students will be required to write longer, more complex analyses of the works studied, and perform from memory poems and excerpts of plays. Works studied include Beowulf; Chaucer, Canterbury Tales; Shakespeare, Macbeth; Austen, Pride and Prejudice; Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities; Smith, White Teeth.

ENGLISH 11 In the eleventh grade, students undertake the study of American literature from the precolonial to the modern period. Class discussion and written assignments consider American themes including race, freedom, individuality, and the family. Works studied include Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave; O’Connor, A Good Man is Hard to Find and Other Stories; Faulkner, Go Down Moses; Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby; Twain, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms, In Our Time; Miller, Death of a Salesman; and Krakauer, Into the Wild.

ENGLISH 12 The study of literature and composition in the senior year is intended to be intensive. Class discussions focus on a critical eye in reading. Students are regularly required to compose analytical essays as well as creative responses to the literature studied. Works studied include Shakespeare, Hamlet, Othello; McCarthy, The Road; Ellison, Invisible Man; and Huxley, Brave New World.

AP ENGLISH LITERATURE This course is an intensive full-year study of literature intended to be the equivalent of a college-level English course. Students engage in significant amounts of reading, writing, critical thinking, and discussion as they confront important works of fiction, non-fiction, poetry, and drama. Students should expect the degree of difficulty, the amount of time required for outside preparation, and the workload to be substantial. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Literature and Composition exam in May. Works studied include Salinger, Nine Stories; Stoppard, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead; Dostoevsky, Crime and Punishment; Tolstoy, Anna Karenina; and Shakespeare, Hamlet, King Lear; Donne, Selected Poems; Yeats, Selected Poems.

AP ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION AP Language and Composition is a writing and reading-intensive course designed to develop students’ personal and analytical writing. Students engage in reading and discussion about effective writing, complete peer writing reviews, and examine models of narrative and argumentative writing in preparation for their own essays and papers. Students will also prepare for the AP Language and Composition test by taking practice examinations and reviewing the reading skills and literary terms required by this exam. Works studied include On Writing Well, Zinsser; The Bedford Reader; Short Takes: Brief Encounters with Contemporary Non-Fiction.

AP ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION: CREATIVE WRITING This course is designed for seniors with a serious interest in creative writing. The class demands a high volume of original writing, which is peerreviewed in an open and supportive workshop. All genres – including fiction, non-fiction, poetry, and drama – are explored. In the second semester, students begin work on a defining project – novella, memoir, poetry chapbook, short story collection, or play – which is completed by the end of the year. In May, the students are required to take the AP Language and Composition Exam. Reading is selected with an eye toward investigating the mysteries of craft, process, and point-of-view; these texts may include Anne Lamott, Bird by Bird; Ernest Hemingway, A Moveable Feast; and John Gardner, The Art of Fiction.

SENIOR WRITING This elective course, created for students who desire additional writing instruction, engages students in reading and composing personal essays, argumentative essays, literary critical essays, short stories, plays, and other genres. In the fall, emphasis is placed on preparing and revising the college essay. Throughout the year, students read and critique each other’s work during the revision process; this peer feedback complements the instructor’s comments. Texts include Barron’s Essays That Will Get You Into College; Strunk and White, Elements of Style; and Zinsser, On Writing Well.

The Classics Department leads each student to knowledge of and appreciation of Latin and Greek literature, its unbroken influence on humanity and, through close study of the thoughts and deeds of Greece and Rome, the ability to think, speak, and write with increased clarity, cogency and knowledge.

While exposure to etymology and word derivation undoubtedly has a positive, practical impact on the students of Latin and Greek, the Department firmly believes that the true and lasting benefit of study in the Classics is the intrinsic value of the literature. As each student gains the power and wisdom of the words of Cicero, Ovid, Catullus, Horace, Virgil, and Homer, he achieves an informed sense of their relevance both to the human story and to his own life story. These life examples provide him with a more informed perspective from which to both view the world and negotiate its challenges.

At all grade levels, the primary focus of the study of Classics is directed toward reading the great prose and poetry of the period. In this project, each student gains exposure not only to the precise and thoughtful construction of accomplished and lasting writing, but also to the equally long-enduring philosophical contributions made through the literature. The Department works closely with other academic departments to ensure that students make connections between the disciplines and apply their training in all the ways their predecessors have. Although students are not required to study Latin and Greek, nearly half of the student body chooses to do so voluntarily.

Students of Classics play an important and enduring role in perpetuating and celebrating the Catholic environment around which the School is centered. The Classics Department seeks to support the growth of our students’ faith and reason as they read of conversion in St. Augustine and examine scripture in St. Jerome’s Vulgate. The annual Latin Mass, the recitation of the Pater Noster in Chapel, and the singing of the Rorate Caeli or Attende Domine provide an important link to our Catholic faith and traditions. Students may explore this living connection even more fully by partaking in a week-long trip to Rome, offered every two years. LATIN I This basic course in the study of Latin and the life of the Romans covers the elements of grammar, the five declensions of nouns, the four conjugations of verbs, pronunciation, derivatives, relative pronouns, passive verbs, participles, and infinitives. Through the required texts (Ecce Romani I and II), students build reading skills, learn vocabulary, and achieve broader exposure to Roman culture. Students undertake a basic study of mythology and offer presentations on various topics and themes. All students participate in Level I of the National Latin Exam. The course is offered as a two-year sequence to seventh graders and returning eighth graders. New eighth graders and new ninth graders without previous exposure to Latin complete the course in one year.

LATIN II In this course, students undertake a study of advanced grammar, including the subjunctive mood. Through the required texts (Ecce Romani II and III), continued emphasis is placed on the development of reading skills, learning a broad base of vocabulary, and furthering discovery of

Deven Carkner ’24, Liam Cunjak ’25, Maxim Kalininchenko ’25, Michael Kalininchenko ’24, Chase McCann ’24, and Cormac Walsh ’24 each earned a perfect score on the 2020 National Latin Exam.

“The adage Non scholae, sed vitae - not for school, but for life - is at the center of the study of Classics at St. Sebastian’s. Striving beyond information and the mere words of the Greeks and

Romans, we seek together the knowledge and meaning of their great literature.”

Sean P. Albertson Chair, Classics Department Appointed to faculty in 1988 B.A., College of the Holy Cross M.Ed., Harvard University

Roman culture. A variety of readings are taken, including selections from Cicero and Caesar. Students continue their study of mythology and offer presentations on more advanced topics and themes. Participation in Level II of the National Latin Exam is a component of the course.

LATIN III Essentially a course in Latin literature, students carefully engage in reading from a range of classical authors. The works of Caesar and Cicero are examined both for their style and their historical interest. Selections from Catullus, Horace, and Ovid introduce students to the variety and complexity of Latin poetry. The year includes an introduction to Vergil’s Aeneid, laying a solid foundation for continued study.

LATIN IV HONORS In this course, students read a range of poetry and prose, covering the period of the Late Republic through the Augustan era and into the early Empire. Recent authors studied have included Lucretius, Catullus, Vergil, Horace, Ovid, and St. Augustine. Cultural and historical themes surrounding selected texts, as well as their place within the Western canon, are considered. Students work to solidify their grasp of advanced grammar, thereby learning to read Latin texts with greater confidence and appreciation.

AP LATIN IV Designed to prepare students for the AP Latin exam, students in this intensive, college-level course translate selections from Vergil’s Aeneid and Caesar’s Gallic War. Appreciation of the literary, historical, and stylistic aspects of both Vergil’s and Caesar’s works leads to a comprehensive

understanding of classical literature. All students are prepared for and required to take the AP Latin exam in May.

LATIN V: ADVANCED SEMINAR Students in this intensive, college-level course read selections from a range of Latin poets and prose authors, paying special attention to the historical, literary, and cultural contexts. Emphasis is given to the translation, interpretation, and analysis of Latin texts as well as their enduring relevance to contemporary culture. In addition to studying select works of Cicero, Horace, Catullus, and Virgil, students also explore the traditions, metrics, and poetical issues of Hellenistic poetry for an informed understanding of Latin literature.

LATIN VI: SPECIAL TOPICS This independent research course is designed for motivated and well-prepared students. In depth, guided research is conducted on topics of the student’s choosing, often involving a particular author, genre, or time period. A multi-disciplinary approach is encouraged (e.g., images of Ancient Rome in contemporary film) with the student’s work, typically culminating in a paper or a creative project. Past topics have included Roman engineering and architecture, images of tyrants in Seneca, and women in Ovid’s Metamorphoses.

ANCIENT GREEK This senior elective course introduces students to the elements of Greek, the language of ancient Athens. The course covers lessons of Athenaze: Introduction to Greek, supplemented by readings and other useful work in etymology and vocabulary building. Students are provided with many opportunities to present material on ancient Greek history, literature, and culture, with special emphasis placed on contemporary society’s common debt to Greek civilization.

The Spanish Department enables students to communicate in the Spanish language with ease and accuracy, to grow in understanding and appreciation of Spanish-speaking societies, and to engage successfully in a world of ever increasing diversity and multiculturalism.

Exposure to Spanish language and culture is both enlightening and practical, enhancing and enriching the lives of all students who meaningfully engage the language. As they learn the skills necessary to communicate in Spanish—reading, writing, listening, and speaking—students gain a valuable foundation for success in their future academic, professional, travel, and leisure pursuits. As they become informed about the world’s Spanish-speaking cultures, their awareness and acceptance of diversity increases and expands, empowering them to communicate effectively with the many Spanish-speaking peoples of the world. Knowledge of diverse customs, traditions, histories, and artistic achievements fosters increased respect for people of other backgrounds. This enriched perspective is a true advantage in today’s global, interdependent society.

Pedagogically, the Department employs varied multimedia techniques across the curriculum to make the learning process interactive and rewarding. SMART technology, which facilitates the incorporation of multimedia sources, such as Voicethread, CDs, films, MP3s, Powerpoint, etc., into the core curriculum, serves to further the goal of maximizing the use of Spanish within each class. Small classes and dedicated teachers ensure individual attention and daily use of Spanish by each student in the program. Field trips, both local and abroad, as well as School-sponsored cultural presentations and guest speakers, support the goal of making the learning process experiential and participatory. The Department works to integrate Spanish language and appreciation for world cultures into the general life of the School community.

While the School requires that students pursue at least three years of study in one language, most Spanish students voluntarily pursue upper level electives. Honors and standard level courses are available at all levels of study. AP courses are offered at the upper levels of the curriculum.

SPANISH I This course introduces vocabulary and grammatical structures related to everyday topics. Sound listening and speaking skills, including correct pronunciation, are achieved by the students’ imitation of teacher modeling. Pair-work and small group activities are employed to maximize use of the language. Role-playing and creation of original dialogues also contribute to the accomplishment of the goal. This course is offered as a two-year sequence to seventh graders and returning eighth graders. New eighth graders and new ninth graders without previous exposure to Spanish complete the course in one-year.

SPANISH II In this course, students refine the listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills acquired in Spanish I through the continued study of every-day topics accompanied by related grammatical structures. Both spoken and written expression improve as students continue to develop linguistically, learning and using new and practical vocabulary; reading material becomes more complex. The presentation of cultural aspects of the Spanish-speaking world is an integral part of the curriculum.

During March break, Spanish Department faculty often lead cultural immersion trips to Spain and countries in Central and South America.

“With the gift of small, discussion-driven classes, our students are enthusiastic about practicing their language skills. Many have told me that as they transition to their next class of the day, they continue to think and speak in Spanish without realizing it. For a foreign language teacher, it does not get any better than that.”

Mrs. Shayna Goldstein Chair, Spanish Department Appointed to faculty in 2013 B.A., University of Vermont M.A., Middlebury College

SPANISH III Communicative competence grows as students learn vocabulary pertaining to the post office, the bank, hospitals, cars, hotels, animals, foods, and giving directions. Many new grammatical structures are introduced, including advanced verb tenses. Oral proficiency is enhanced through pairwork and small group activities. Compositions and other writing activities become more demanding and frequent.

SPANISH IV This course builds upon previously acquired material, adding new and useful vocabulary and grammatical structures. Authentic literary works, both fiction and nonfiction, are analyzed in detail. Readings about contemporary issues such as nature, ecology, immigration, poetry, the fine arts, and the media, serve as a point of departure for classroom discussion and written assignments.

SPANISH V This course centers on Spanish and Hispanic literature as well as discussion of contemporary issues. Reading selections serve as the basis for the classroom discussions and the written assignments, providing deeper insight into traditions, culture, history and art. Advanced grammar study continues while students hone their written and oral expression.

SPANISH VI Conducted exclusively in Spanish, this advancedlevel course focuses on sophisticated written and oral expression. By analyzing Peninsular and Latin American literature and film, students engage in comparative studies examining similarities and differences in cultural values. Small class sizes and seminar-style conversation further enhance communicative and analytical skills at the highest proficiency levels.

AP SPANISH LANGUAGE AND CULTURE, PART I This course, to be elected after Spanish II, covers more material and utilizes more of the target language than other level III classes. Students begin their preparation for the Advanced Placement Spanish Language and Culture Examination and continue their studies during the next year in AP Spanish, Part II. Further proficiency in speaking, listening, reading, and writing is achieved through thematic study areas (student life, holidays, professions, travel, etc.) accompanied by the introduction of advanced grammatical notions.

AP SPANISH LANGUAGE AND CULTURE, PART II This advanced level seminar, a continuation of AP Spanish, Part I, enables students to further develop speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills in preparation for the Advanced Placement Spanish Language and Culture Examination in May. Original Spanish works of literature and readings based on contemporary issues serve as a point of departure for conversational and writing activities.

AP SPANISH LITERATURE AND CULTURE Conducted entirely in Spanish, this elective course covers the major movements in Spanish and Hispanic literature and Culture, from medieval through contemporary times. Through class discussion and written essays, students develop their skills in literary analysis. While learning the historical, social and artistic contexts of each work, all students prepare for and take the AP Spanish Literature and Culture exam in May.

SPANISH: ADVANCED SEMINAR Conducted entirely in Spanish, this seminar is designed for the gifted student who has successfully completed the Advanced Placement Program in Spanish. Class discussions and written work focus on more sophisticated texts and prepare students for accelerated placement and achievement at the college level.

The History Department helps students develop an analytical understanding of the cultures, societies, institutions, leaders, and events that have shaped the broad social evolution of the world and, more specifically, of the United States, preparing them to undertake active and responsible roles in society.

Offering a program of required courses that exposes all students to the study of geography, ancient and medieval history, modern European history, and American history, the Department instills in students both an awareness of and a curiosity about the ever-changing nature of the world in which they live. Through their study of history, students cultivate an informed appreciation for their own culture and national identity, and they develop a new perspective on cultures and traditions that are fundamentally different from their own. Cognizant of its role in “citizen-building,” the Department provides students with the intellectual and moral foundation for constructive participation in the democratic institutions that affect both their own lives and the lives of those around them. As they actively engage the past and apply a critical and reflective eye to those events that have shaped contemporary society, students achieve a better understanding of their own lives and become prepared for future challenges.

The teaching methodology in all courses includes frequent opportunities for discussion, as well as regular oral presentations by students. Independent student work consists of reading assignments, topical projects, brief analytical papers, and research papers. Essential skills of critical and creative thinking and expository essay writing receive particular emphasis in the upper grades. The Department employs various forms of audiovisual media to complement the curriculum.

A history or social studies course is required in grades seven, eight, ten, and eleven. Many students pursue electives in their senior year. Upper School courses are taught on AP, honors, and standard levels.

GEOGRAPHY Required of all seventh grade students, this course helps to develop basic skills in geography, including map reading, map making, interpretation of geographic charts and diagrams, acquisition of some technical vocabulary, and collection and analysis of factual information with an eye toward problem-solving. Students study the interrelationship of geographic, economic, and political factors in today’s world, accumulating a store of information, which will lay the foundation for future readings in history, politics, and economics.

ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY Required of all eighth grade students, this course surveys the ideas and events that preceded and contributed to the formation of the “modern era.” In their study, students investigate time periods from the advent of the River Valley civilizations to the waning of the European Middle Ages. Though particular emphasis is directed toward the lives of the ancient Greeks and Romans, as well as the rise of Christian Europe, the course is designed to make students aware of the parallel achievements of non-European civilizations of each era, especially those in China, India, and the Islamic world.

MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY This tenth grade course focuses on developments in Europe from the sixteenth century to the present.

Every year St. Sebastian’s delegates join students from around the country for Harvard University’s Model Congress and many are recognized with awards for their distinguished participation.

“Knowing where we have been is an absolute requirement in order to understand where we want to go. The study of history at St. Sebastian’s provides students with an opportunity to appreciate the challenges past generations have faced. It is a story of courage, perseverance and hope.”

Denis J. Cleary Chair, History Department Appointed to faculty in 2006 B.A., College of the Holy Cross M.A.T., Harvard University

The course seeks to present historical facts as accurately as possible while still exposing students to a variety of viewpoints and conflicting interpretations of the eras studied. Special attention is given to the French Revolution, the rise of nationalism, the First and Second World Wars, and the Western World since 1945. Students do frequent writing, including research papers. Oral presentations are another regular feature of the course. Some students in the honors sections are invited to take the AP Modern European History exam in May.

UNITED STATES HISTORY This eleventh grade course surveys the political, economic, social, and cultural evolution of American society. Its focus spans the colonial period to the present. Emphasis is placed upon the exploration of concepts vital to the understanding of the American tradition. The main text is supplemented by outside readings where appropriate. A research paper of eight to ten pages is required in the second semester.

AP UNITED STATES HISTORY This course focuses intensively on the 20th century, considering the works of important American historians as well as textbook readings. Students become proficient in responding to questions based on primary source documents, and they learn to devise free response essays that are both effective and efficient. While the course involves some lecture, seminar-style discussion is emphasized and preferred. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP U.S. History exam in May.

ADVANCED TOPICS IN UNITED STATES HISTORY HONORS This course examines in depth the most controversial decisions the U.S. faced during the 20th and 21st centuries. Questions studied will include the following: Should we have joined the Allied efforts in World War I and II? Did JFK handle the Cuban Missile Crisis properly? What should have been U.S. policy in Vietnam and, more recently, in the Middle East? What is the proper role of the U.S. in world affairs—policeman; last, best hope of humanity; or Fortress America and isolation? Public speaking skills are emphasized as students research, prepare, and defend positions on all these issues.

AP UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT This course features a study of American government at the national, state, and local levels. It examines the three branches of the United States government and outlines their responsibilities. The Constitution is studied, with special attention given to the Supreme Court decisions that have shaped our nation into a strong federal system. Other topics examined include citizenship, civil rights, and the politics of American democracy. An oral presentation on a designated Supreme Court case serves as a culmination of the course for each student. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP U.S. Government exam in May.

The Mathematics Department imparts practical and necessary skills as it evokes an increased capacity for logical and intuitive thought. It further strives to build a foundation for success in the future study of mathematics, exposure to other disciplines, and the challenges and opportunities of life.

The Mathematics Department offers a traditional college preparatory program that adapts to the developmental needs of each student. Skills are taught through a traditional sequence of courses that exposes students to the fundamental concepts, operations, and functions of mathematics. Whether formally structured inside the classroom or within the Math Lab (a daily tutorial workshop where students at all levels receive extra help), faculty work to build a student’s confidence along with proficiency in problem solving in a challenging and nurturing environment. As students experience success in learning mathematics, they grow in appreciation of its usefulness. Upon graduation, a St. Sebastian’s student will be a mathematically literate and critical thinker, well prepared to succeed both in a rigorous college setting and in our increasingly technological world.

All students elect at least one mathematics course each year. Beginning with Algebra I, courses are offered on both honors and standard levels. Course offerings in mathematics include AP Statistics and AP Calculus at both the AB and BC levels, as well as AP Computer Science A. All students who study at the advanced placement level must take the AP exam in May. The results on these exams in recent years have been impressive, with the vast majority of students earning 4’s and 5’s.

PRE-ALGEBRA This course is designed to review and expand upon knowledge gained by students in their preceding mathematics courses. Students are introduced to basic concepts of algebra including variables, variable expressions, and solving equations while maintaining skills and facility with positive and negative integers, decimals, fractions, and percent. Emphasis is also placed on utilizing algebraic methods to solve real world problems.

ALGEBRA I This course provides students with an understanding of all the algebraic concepts necessary to continue study in mathematics. Topics covered include variables, open sentences, and equations of several types. The four fundamental operations applied to polynomials and real numbers are also taught. Students are introduced to basic graphing, quadratic equations, and functions.

GEOMETRY This course treats both two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometry. Proofs of geometric propositions are required, although an intuitive approach is encouraged at specific times. The course includes study of the characteristics of polygons and circles, as well as areas and volumes of solids.

ALGEBRA II This course is a continuation of the concepts learned in first year Algebra. New factoring methods are introduced as students work with more difficult rational expresions and learn to solve higher order equations and inequalities. Topics include complex numbers, solving systems of equations, logarithmic, and exponential functions, sequences, series, conics and analytic geometry with an emphasis on the relationship between an equation and its graph. Problem solving is emphasized throughout the course and the TI84 calculator is used extensively.

If they complete AP Calculus BC during their junior years, seniors may take an Advanced Seminar that tackles linear algebra and multivariable calculus typically studied by college sophomores. Recent students who have done so include Michael Farinacci ’20 (University of Notre Dame ‘24), Patrick MacDonald ’20 (Harvard College ’24), Alessandro Barbiellini ’21 (Harvard College ’25), Daniel Ko ’21 and Samuel Randall ’21 (Northeastern University ’25).

“The opportunity to work one-on-one with a student in the Math Lab or after school and help him master a concept continues to make teaching exciting after twenty-five years in the classroom.”

James W. Rest Chair, Mathematics Department Appointed to faculty in 1989 B.A., Hamilton College M.Ed., Boston College

PRECALCULUS This course builds upon topics covered in Algebra II, with an emphasis on polynomial, exponential, and logarithmic functions, before launching into an in depth study of analytic trigonometry, sequences, and series. An introduction to matrices, determinants, limits, and vectors in the honors class adds to students’ preparation for the study of calculus. Students regularly use the TI84 calculator while developing skills to solve real world problems throughout this course.

TRIGONOMETRY AND STATISTICS This elective includes a semester of trigonometry and a semester of statistics. Approached from a practical viewpoint, the trigonometry portion of the course exposes students to triangle trigonometry, radian measure, circular trigonometry and reference angles, graphs of trigonometric functions, inverse functions, identities, equations, vectors and polar coordinates. In the statistics portion of the course students study descriptive statistics, probability, the normal distribution, estimation, linear regression and hypothesis testing. The use of the TI84 calculator is extensive.

CALCULUS In this course, students explore differential and integral calculus topics from geometric, algebraic, and numerical approaches whenever possible. Formal definitions and principles evolve from investigating practical problems. Topics from precalculus are reviewed as necessary in preparation for study of related concepts in calculus.

AP STATISTICS This course is an upper-level elective that introduces students to the concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing and drawing conclusions from data. Students are exposed to four broad conceptual themes: exploring data, planning a study, anticipating patterns and statistical inference. All

students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Statistics exam in May.

AP CALCULUS AB Following closely the Advanced Placement curriculum, the AB course exposes students to topics and applications related to differential and integral calculus. Technology is used throughout the course to reinforce and broaden understanding. All students conclude the course well prepared, and required, to take the AP exam in May.

AP CALCULUS BC This intensive, college-level course requires of the student an especially strong mathematics preparation through the treatment of elementary functions. The course covers all topics covered in the Calculus AB course, as well as several additional topics. Topics common to both syllabi are treated in the same depth. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Calculus BC exam in May.

AP COMPUTER SCIENCE PRINCIPLES Offering a multidisciplinary approach to teaching the underlying principles of computation, the course introduces the creative aspects of programming, abstractions, algorithms, large data sets, cybersecurity and computing impacts. The course addresses real-world problems and builds relevant solutions using Python language. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Computer Principles exam in May.

AP COMPUTER SCIENCE A In this equivalent of a first-semester college course, students attain a real world understanding of coding by writing and analyzing it in a collaborative setting, using the Java programming language. This course emphasizes object-oriented programming methodology with an intense focus on problem solving and algorithm development. The class also includes the study of data structures and abstraction. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Computer Science A exam in May.

DISCRETE MATHEMATICS The first semester of this course focuses on statistical analysis of real word situations, probability (including combinations and permutations), and decision algorithms relating to loans, investments and savings options. In the second semester, students analyze exponential and logarithmic graphs, solve systems of equations (both graphically and algebraically) and learn the applications of matrices and logarithms. The course concludes with a study of Sequences, Series and Derivatives.

MULTI-VARIABLE CALCULUS: ADVANCED SEMINAR This course is designed for the gifted student who has successfully completed Advanced Placement Calculus at the BC level. Topics include single variable calculus topics not covered in the BC course, differential equations, linear algebra, and multi-variable calculus.

The Science Department ensures that each student achieves scientific and technological literacy for real world application, and that, through his knowledge of S.T.E.M., each student is awakened, challenged and, ultimately, awarded by better understanding, appreciating, and respecting himself, others, and the universe.

In the science curriculum, each student becomes familiar with a basic set of fundamental facts, a body of knowledge to be used as a resource in solving or analyzing life problems. Beyond these specific facts are the values and attitudes that guide the application of acquired skills. As such, in depth discussions of moral and ethical issues related to science receive serious attention throughout the curriculum. Students come to appreciate more fully both the positive and negative potential of science in an increasingly complex and technical world.

Even in a rigorous learning environment, care and support play a fundamental role. The science classroom is therefore a dynamic place where participation and academic risk-taking are encouraged, where confidence is built and maintained, and where the learning experience is shared. Teachers provide a positive example of excitement and openness to science as students develop their ability to analyze complex situations logically and rationally.

All Middle School students participate in a hands-on, two-year integrated general science course, which introduces astronomy and marine science in addition to laboratory topics in biology, chemistry, and physics. The science sequence in the Upper School begins in the ninth grade with Biology for most students and progresses through additional laboratory courses in Chemistry and Physics. Honors and standard level courses are available in the Upper School. A second year of study at the AP level is available in each discipline for students who exhibit appropriate motivation and aptitude. Though students are required to take Biology and one other laboratory science prior to graduation, most students pursue at least three years of laboratory science in the Upper School.

GENERAL SCIENCE General Science is a two-year course for students in grades 7 and 8 in which they learn about the world around them in lab-based units including The Nature of Science, Astronomy, Computer Science and Coding, Heat, Marine Biology, Physics, and Chemistry. Process is emphasized, as students are encouraged to use the scientific method, employ proper laboratory and study techniques, and think clearly and logically. Systematic development of scientific knowledge occurs through class work, labs, demonstrations, projects, fieldwork, and related readings. Understanding is enhanced using Internet resources, and all students learn how to use Vernier Sensors, Excel, and PowerPoint programs. In all units environmental concerns are addressed and good stewardship of the earth is encouraged.

BIOLOGY I Most freshmen at St. Sebastian’s take an introductory course in Biology at either the college prep or honors level. This laboratory based course examines life through the study of chemistry, cells, energetics, cellular reproduction, genetics, biotechnology, evolution, ecology, as well as anatomy and physiology. The students are engaged in lectures, class discussion, projects, and labs, including computerbased labs and a DNA fingerprinting lab using gel electrophoresis.

A Life Sciences Club, Engineering Club, Robotics Team, and two STEAM-focused Innovation Labs provide students opportunities outside of the classroom for enhanced, handson science experiences. The state-of-the-art Innovation Labs include CAD software and graphic design technologies, filament and resin 3d printers, laser cutters, a band saw, a drill press, and a three-axis CNC milling machine.

“Experience leads to understanding, which leads to confidence.

In our science classrooms, students are encouraged to take chances with their thinking and make mistakes along the way.

The academic and personal growth gained from this process is far more valuable than any answer we could give them to their own questions.”

David J. Wilbur Chair, Science Department Appointed to faculty in 1994 B.S., Worcester Polytechnic Institute M.A., University of Virginia

AP BIOLOGY This course focuses on developing understanding of essential concepts through inquiry-based learning and honing advanced inquiry and reasoning skills—such as designing plans for collecting data, analyzing data, applying mathematics, and connecting topics across content areas. The four content areas covered are Evolution, Cellular Processes (Energy and Communication), Genetics and Information Transfer, and Interactions. Previous or concurrent study of chemistry is required. A strong mathematics foundation is recommended. Students are required to take the AP Biology exam in May. This course is equivalent to a two-semester college introductory biology course.

CHEMISTRY I This is a survey course that covers the basic principles of chemistry. Major topics include atomic theory and atomic structure, chemical reactions, stoichiometry, ionic and covalent bonding, states of matter, elements, classification of matter, periodicity, chemical structure, electrolytes, acids and bases, gases, pH, and entropy and enthalpy. This class is complemented by a full battery of lab activities that allow the student to acquire and apply knowledge in a hands-on environment. Special attention is paid to laboratory safety and the development of proper technique.

AP CHEMISTRY The advanced placement chemistry course is equivalent to a college introductory chemistry course. The course differs from first year chemistry in its emphasis on chemical calculations and mathematical formulations and concepts. Topics covered include atomic structure, oxidation/ reduction reactions, solution chemistry, thermo-chemistry, chemical kinetics, equilibrium, acids and bases, electrochemistry, and an introduction to organic

chemistry. Appropriate laboratory investigation accompanies class activity. First year chemistry is a prerequisite and all participants are required to take the AP Chemistry exam in May.

PHYSICS I This introductory physics course emphasizes the application of fundamental principles to explain and understand everyday occurrences. The syllabus covers a traditional sequence of topics, including Newtonian mechanics, electricity, and magnetism. Extensive laboratory work, numerous demonstrations, and outside projects are integral components of the course. This course can be taken at the college prep level or the honors level. At the college prep level, a working knowledge of algebra is expected. At the honors level, advanced problem solving is an integral part of the course, and students should concurrently be enrolled in Algebra II or higher.

AP PHYSICS 2 This is a second year laboratory course in which more advanced topics are introduced, including fluids, optics, thermodynamics, and nuclear and quantum physics. Emphasis is on the development of conceptual understanding and problem-solving ability using algebra and trigonometry, but rarely calculus. This course is relevant for students considering further study of the fundamental sciences at the college level, as well as those students considering future work in the life sciences, premedicine, and some applied sciences. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Physics 2 exam in May.

AP PHYSICS C This course ordinarily forms the first part of the college sequence that serves as the foundation for students majoring in the physical sciences or engineering. The sequence is parallel to or preceded by mathematics courses that include calculus. Methods of calculus are used wherever appropriate in formulating physical principles and in applying them to physical problems. The sequence is more intensive and analytic than that in the 2 course. Strong emphasis is placed on solving a variety of challenging problems, many requiring calculus. The subject matter of the C course is principally mechanics and electricity and magnetism, with approximately equal emphasis on these two areas. All students are prepared for and are required to take the AP Physics C exam in May.

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY HONORS This is an elective, honors-level lab course designed for seniors who have successfully completed coursework in biology, chemistry and physics. The course examines both gross and microscopic anatomy of the human systems and the function of these systems. It also covers biomechanics and biochemistry, particularly of the skeletal, muscular, and cardiovascular systems. Disease and nutrition are addressed, as are their effects on homeostasis and health. This lab-based course includes traditional labs in biology and chemistry as well as computer-based labs, particularly in the realm of biomechanics.

The Fine Arts Department inspires appreciation of and participation in the fine and performing arts, encouraging each student to celebrate his individuality, develop his creativity, and enhance his positive perception of both himself and the larger world.

Initial engagement in the arts is experiential, enabling each student to discover for himself how artists create. Further study introduces significant work in drama, music, and studio art, improving each student’s ability to perceive and evaluate art critically. The student’s experience of art as both creator and critic contributes to an enriched perspective from which he will benefit throughout his life.

In the required two-year Middle School course, students are exposed to four main fine arts disciplines. The Upper School program builds on each student’s broad previous exposure to the arts, delving deeper into the areas of art history, studio art, and music. By the time of his graduation, each student who joins the School in the seventh grade can expect to have completed at least three full years of study in the fine arts. Opportunities for AP study are available in studio art, art history and music.

Perhaps more than any other department, the Fine Arts Department is inextricably linked to the extracurricular life of the School. The Drama Club, with the participation of girls from neighboring schools, stages two major productions each year: a full-length play in the fall and an evening of one-act plays in the winter. Canonical, contemporary, and musical plays have all been staged with great enthusiasm. For our annual Spring Revue, students write and direct their own short plays and skits. Students with musical interests are encouraged to supplement their coursework by participating in vocal and/or instrumental groups, which perform regularly during the year, and an album of student instrumental and vocal music is produced each year. A student-centered liturgical music group plays an essential role in the celebration of monthly Masses. The work of student artists is frequently put on display for the benefit of the School community and in recognition of the artists themselves. The Fine Arts Department frequently arranges for visits by guest artists in visual art and music.

INTRODUCTION TO FINE ARTS, 7&8 Focusing on different disciplines in each of the four quarters, this required course in grades seven and eight develops enthusiasm and appreciation for the arts in a variety of forms; introduces students to the fundamental elements in the study of Studio Art and Ceramics, Art History, Music, and Drama; and develops each student’s creative interests and capabilities.

INTRODUCTION TO FINE ARTS, 9-12 Meeting five times a week, this course includes one semester of Music and one semester of Studio Art, and it fulfills a student’s Fine Arts requirement for graduation. Music covers the history of pre20th century music, the innovations of atonality, the invention of jazz, and the evolution of popular music. The semester concludes with a workshop in which students compose short pieces and learn the basics of notation. In our Composition Lab, students use the latest software and keyboards to assist them in writing their own music. Studio Art offers an introduction to drawing and painting by exploring the study of line, form, value studies, perspective, composition, and color theory. Trips to area art museums and classroom visits by local artists enrich the students’ experience.

Through the Memory Project, St. Sebastian’s artists create portraits for youth around the world who are neglected, orphaned or disadvantaged. To date, students have sent nearly 300 portraits to children in Paraguay, Thailand, Cambodia, Rwanda, Ghana, and India.

“St. Sebastian’s has always been committed to the idea that a strong fine arts program is an indispensable element of a well-rounded education. Recently, we have expanded the curriculum to include classes like ceramics, guitar, and photography. It’s exciting to see students develop and pursue their creative passions.”

Mark H. Rogers Chair, Fine Arts Department Appointed to faculty in 1996 B.A., M.Ed., Boston University

STUDIO ART II Offered to students who have completed their requirement, this five day a week course in Drawing and Painting or Ceramics helps self-motivated and accomplished artists to find a personal approach for their art. This course is ideal for aspiring artists in developing a college portfolio. Students are able to work in various drawing mediums, watercolor painting, acrylic painting, ink, block print, ceramics, and three-dimensional sculpture. Periodic guest artist demonstrations, slide presentations, and occasional trips to art museums augment the work in the studio.

AP STUDIO ART This elective, college-level art course is designed for the talented and highly motivated art student who wants to explore and develop his own personal style. Prerequisite is completion of the Fine Arts requirement plus evaluation and acceptance by the Chair of the Fine Arts Department. Each student refines his skills and creates a body of 30 works showing quality, breadth of experience, and an area of concentration. The portfolio submitted for evaluation to the College Board in May consists of four original works and 36 works in slide form. This class meets five times a week with additional studio time and weekend assignments required. The following courses are all offered: AP Drawing and Painting; AP 3-Dimensional Sculpture; AP 2-Dimensional Design/Photography.

AP ART HISTORY This elective course is offered to Juniors and Seniors in preparation for the College Board Examination in May. Various political, social, gender issues, economic and religious conditions affecting the relationships of artists to their culture are explored. Students study and review the Paleolithic Age through the present to understand better the consciousness and creativity of culture

and the critical impact of Art. The class emphasizes critical writing and analysis to prepare for the essay portion of the exam. Students present often, investigating art beyond the European tradition. The class makes frequent trips to local museums and listens to art related lectures.

AP MUSIC THEORY This elective course is designed for students with musical backgrounds who are interested in taking a detailed look at the fundamental elements of music theory. Discussions of scales, modes, chords, composition, and sight-singing—the material of this class will be equivalent to that found in a college freshman music course. Students will prepare for the Advanced Placement exam in May. Most importantly, this course enables the diligent student to hear and enjoy music in a completely different way.

COMPUTER ASSISTED COMPOSITION Because technology is an important tool when composing music, this elective class features an in-depth study of music composition and enables students to create original pieces in a variety of styles with computer assistance in writing and organizing the music on the page, playing the music back, and printing the finished project. Students have the opportunity to learn about various styles of music composition as well as become familiar with MIDI and composition software.

FINE ARTS FOUNDATIONS Available to all ninth to twelfth grades students during free periods or after school, individualized offerings give students a foundation in their chosen discipline. These courses inspire a further appreciation for the Arts and nurture each student’s creative interests. The following courses allow a student to fulfill his Fine Arts requirement or to deepen his study of the arts if he is not pursuing Advanced Placement courses in the arts:

art history deepens a student’s understanding of art from the Paleolithic Age to the present by surveying paintings, drawings, archeology, architecture, sculpture, philosophical movements and photography.

ceramics includes an introduction to clay forming and surface decorating techniques; emphasizes handbuilding with slabs and coils, pinch and modeling methods, underglazing, scraffito, and mishima; and instructs students on the use of the potter’s wheel.

dark room and digital photography

focuses on basic black and white photographic procedures from film exposure in a manual camera, to the development of negatives, and finally, to the finishing of a photographic print. Digital photography includes instruction on camera technology and manipulation of digital images on a computer.

drawing and painting helps an artist to explore his approach to his art by analyzing other artists and by working in various drawing mediums, watercolor painting, acrylic painting, ink, and block print.

film empowers students in all areas of filmmaking from planning and shooting footage, to editing material in the School’s state of the art studio. Through peer workshops and the study of other films, the course also fosters an understanding of and appreciation for the medium of film.

guitar focuses on practice exercises, technique drills, scales and chords, while learning improvisation, soloing, accompaniment, and transcribing music by ear to instrument.

The philosophy of the Religion Department is rooted deeply in the Judeo-Christian tradition, which sees all persons as valued and sacred, as made in The Image of God. The Department’s mission is, indeed, the School’s mission—to help young men grow in wisdom and grace, and in their capacities to know, to love, and to serve God and neighbor.

True to the teachings of the Catholic Church, and appreciative of the teachings of diverse religious traditions, all students are invited to God in an inclusive way through a variety of courses and programs. In providing a basic knowledge of Catholic theology, the academic goal is to help students acquire broad-based religious literacy, including knowledge and appreciation of other religions. Similar to other academic course offerings, Religion Courses foster the continued development of reading and writing skills, and critical and incisive thinking. In its required courses, the Department seeks to evoke in all students the search for Truth, as well as to engage all students in the quest for meaning.

In addition to intellectual development, the Department shares the responsibility of moral and ethical development with the larger School Community. Love of neighbor, the centerpiece of Christian life, is the fundamental choice which students are called to make. In their daily interactions, all students are encouraged to both live and promote the Gospel values of Faith, Hope, Justice, honesty, compassion, integrity, courage, and honor. Community Service plays a vital role within the curriculum, and students are encouraged to pursue service opportunities through School-sponsored programs and in their local communities.

Spiritually, the Department aspires to deepen the religious awareness and active faith lives of all students. The Sacraments of Eucharist and Reconciliation are offered on a regular basis, and the Department works to help Catholic students prepare to be Confirmed in their local parishes. To further help students nurture and deepen their relationship with God, the Department sponsors frequent Retreats and Days of Reflection. As students grow in understanding and respect for their own religious culture, they are encouraged to continue the significant spiritual journeys they have already begun.

INTRODUCTION TO CATHOLICISM This seventh grade course provides an overview of the major topics undertaken during the students’ six years of Religious studies at the School. Students are provided with introductory information on Catholic doctrine, and they explore in a general way some Scripture, morality, and Sacramental theology. In concert with their other courses, students develop research and paper-writing skills, do independent projects, and make frequent oral presentations.

CHURCH HISTORY AND HEROES This eighth grade course begins with the study of Catholic Church history, providing a thematic overview of the growth of Christianity, and concludes with an examination of contemporary Catholicism in North America. Linked to this study, students undertake an examination of people who throughout the course of the Church’s history have struggled to understand Christ’s teachings and live them without compromise. The lives of

“Give what you have been given.” With these words, Chaplain Father John Arens sends young men out to their service placements, where they put their faith in action.

“The History of the Church and Holy Scripture invite us to receive and practice the words of Jesus: ‘Love one another as I have loved you.’ (John 15:12) Together we openly engage and make the effort to understand this invitation to love, sharing the journey of life in learning and teaching, in serving and celebrating the great Divine Mystery calling us to be fully human.”

Reverend John F. Arens Religion B.A., B.Th., M.Div., St. John’s Seminary

such great Christian heroes as Father Damien DeVeuster, St. Francis of Assisi, Maximilian Kolbe, and Mother Teresa of Calcutta receive indepth consideration.

SACRAMENTAL LIFE This ninth grade course begins with a fundamental review of the beliefs of the Catholic faith. Students grow in their understanding of Catholic beliefs, practices, traditions, and prayers. The focal point of the course is a detailed study of the history and theology of the Seven Sacraments, culminating with a concentrated study of the Sacrament of Confirmation. This theological study fully prepares the Catholic students in the course for the celebration of the Sacrament in their local parish churches.

SCRIPTURE This tenth grade course examines in detail the Old and New Testaments. Initially, the major ideas and developments of the Old Testament are treated. The Bible is placed in an historical and cultural context, illustrating the historical reality of God’s relationship to humanity. Selected Books of the Old Testament are subsequently studied. In the second semester of the course, students examine the New Testament with particular attention to its origin, authorship, and historical setting. A closer look at The Passion and Resurrection of Jesus and The Formation of The Church receives special emphasis.

MORALITY AND ETHICS This eleventh grade course begins with an inquiry into Christian moral principles and the process of ethical decision-making. From this Christian theoretical foundation, contemporary moral issues, such as political persecution and economic injustice, are considered. Personal ethical issues, such as the use of drugs and alcohol, social relationships and sexuality, and peer and cultural pressure, are also analyzed in light of Catholic Moral Teaching.

WESTERN PHILOSOPHY The twelfth grade course introduces students to some of the major questions of western philosophy. Students are challenged to think more deeply about concepts fundamental to their theoretical and practical reasoning: the soul, virtue, friendship, freedom, happiness, and purpose among others. Reading actual texts of philosophers, students begin the year studying the Greek founders of philosophy (Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle). They then study the two most important Christian philosophers (Augustine and Aquinas) and two from the modern era (Pascal and Locke). Students are encouraged to read critically, discuss with an open mind, and write with precision and force. The goal of the course is that students see more clearly the relationship between Faith and Reason and be able to articulate this relationship to others.

The Honor Code, at the core of our academic program, calls each young man to pledge on his sacred honor that the work he turns in is his own.

Hence, students are reminded several times a day that they must be young men of unquestionable integrity who give their best, most honest effort in the classroom and in all areas.

William L. Burke III Headmaster