STUDY & CAREERS MAGAZINE
UCAS
CLEARING 2020
05
Has Lockdown Compelled us Initial thoughts on... to develop a Greater Creativity? How to read a novel Ofqual 2020 Grading System Degree Apprenticeship Assessment Centres UK’S 2020 TOP PAYING JOBS (LMI) JUNE 2020
MEDICAL SCHOOL APPLICATIONS
TIPS FOR STUDYING IN CHOOSING THE THE U.S RIGHT A LEVEL/ IB/SCOTTISH HIGHER SUBJECTS
contents 03
LOCKDOWN
05
reading
08
ofqual
10
ucas
14
year 13
Has Lockdown Compelled us to Develop Greater Creativity?
Initial Thoughts on how to Study a Novel
The Grading System Explained
Clearing 2020
Destination Options after Year 13
study & careers GCSE STUDENTS Tips for Choosing the Right A Level/College Subjects
Medical school Medical School Applications
Assessment Centre Higher/Degree Apprenticeship Assessment Centre Tips
uk’s highest paying jobs LMI - UK’s Highest Paying Jobs in 2020
studying in the u.s Tips on Making Applications to U.S Universities EDITORIAL NOTE The views, comments statements and opinions are not necessarily those of Study & Careers Magazine. Study & Careers Magazine will accept no responsibility for any loss incurred by any person or organisation as a result of using any material from this publication.
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Has Lockdown Compelled us to Develop Greater Creativity? By Melanie Robinson BA Hons PGCE/HE/FE
During these unusual times we find ourselves in, I have tried to optimise the situation to my online students and encourage them all to start a Corona Diary 2020 ! I started explaining the relevance of this by stating the obvious, these are unusual times‌ never experienced by the people since the Spanish Flu Pandemic of 1918. Ipso Facto the Corona Diary 2020 would become in time a historical document, this sparked interest in the majority of the students, apart from one or two who queried what one should write about? The answer is abundantly clear to many, in the sheer amount of mundane but necessary routines that now have to be adhered to; from social distancing, by 2-metereswhich we have all had to become instantly adept in 4 16
assessing in any given circumstance.
Melanie Ro All key stag Secondary Proof Readi Supporting Undergradu ESOL – Lite You can con
To the new vocabulary brought about by the pandemic itself: Infact, Merriam-Webster have been obliged to add new words to the Dictionary in March 2020: ‘Social-distancing’. ‘super-spreader, lockdown, Index-case and self-quarantine’ to name but a few. We are now literally having to do the opposite of ‘thinking outside the box’ , as conversely we find ourselves driven to ‘think inside the box’ whilst searching for inspiration to entertain and develop skills to ensure we maintain momentum and remain functional on as many levels as possible to compensate for the other aspects of our daily lives that have been temporarily denied to us for the time-being. amid the ongoing crisis. So apart from teaching Creativity and teaching it creatively sounds like a conundrum- when we consider that creativity is innate in us all to varying extents; However, it is in some cases never more profound than when we are young and view the world through an unfiltered optimism and untainted perspective; along the lines of Charles Kingsley’s poem from The Water Babies: ‘ When all the world is young lad and all the trees are green; And every goose a swan lad, and every lass a queen…’ To study for a postgraduate certificate in Education or a PGCE to teach is a necessary requirement to enable teachers and lecturers to work in schools, colleges and universities; After this, we develop our teaching repertoire in a bid to encourage and inspire creativity in all students to enhance progress and develop skills in all aspects of communication. On many occasions we explain how crucial the vocabulary is, in creating an image in the reader’s mind; about how in the given medium of writing, there is no addition of a voice or expressions to contribute to the interpretation and meaning. Subsequently every selected word had been carefully chosen to create a specific effect or image in the reader’s mind. Once this is fully understood, a complete perspective of the writer’s intended meaning is often seen with greater clarity. A prime example of how effectively paying attention to the carefully crafted words helps interpret meaning, is apparent in the fabulous sketches of Emmeline Sutcliffe, five-years of age from Halifax West Yorkshire. Upon listening to the first 2-chapters of an Audiobook of J.K. Rowling’s new novel The Ickabog and after answering a request from the author for readers to attempt to convey the charters of her new book in submitted illustrations, Emmeline produced the following amazing creations of The Ickabog and Fred the Fearless ‘Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire…’
obinson (BA Hons, PGCE/HE/FE) is a private tutor offering services in: ges and levels of English – GCSE English – AS/A2 English Language & Literature ing g Statements & CV’s uate & Postgraduate support with Dissertations. eracy – Numeracy – Citizenship ntact her on: 07817564074, melanie.robinsonlecturer@gmail.com, http://melanie-robinson.co.uk/
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INITIAL THOUGHTS ON HOW T Studying any novel is a significant undertaking and any in-depth study of a novel for examination will require a considerable amount of study i n a d d i t i o n t o t h a t w h i c h o n e m i g h t u n d e r t a k e i n a h a l f - t e r m ’s w o r k i n s c h o o l . A s a s t a r t i n g p o i n t , h o w e v e r, t h e r e a r e t h r e e k e y e l e m e n t s o n which you should focus your attention. 1. Narrative Structure When we discuss the narrative structure of a novel, we are basically considering the story and the plot. Story refers to the content of the dramatic action. Plot refers to sequencing of those dramatic actions – how, and at what stages, the key conflicts are set up and resolved. There are two main types of narrative structure that you are likely to encounter: linear (events being told in chronological order) and non-linear (events portrayed in a disjointed, non-chronological order). Recognising and understanding the sequencing of the events in a novel is important because this impacts on the way we react to the text and should influence the way we interpret the purpose and effect of its structure. Understanding the structure of a text is a specific question on some exam papers so having a clear appreciation of the way the plot moves from event to event and the effect of these movements on a reader is vitally important. Even the most complicated of plots can usually be broken down into simpler steps. One strategy for gaining a clear sense of plot is to write each step of the plot on a separate postcard, listing the key events and characters involved in those events. In this way you can begin to see how different events, actions and characters are positioned within the overall narrative to create effects on you as the reader. Many genres, especially adventure stories, follow a clear plot or narrative structure. This can be seen in such varied adventure stories as Homer’s Odyssey, Lucas’ Star Wars, Rowling’s Harry Potter series and Collins’ Hunger Games. Indeed, Joseph Campbell, one of the foremost theorists in comparative mythology, suggested in his study The Hero with a Thousand Faces that all stories contain essential narrative elements. These are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Stasis – the presentation of the Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call Meeting the Mentor Crossing the Threshold Tests, Allies, Enemies
7. Approach to the Innermost Cave 8. Ordeal 9. Reward (Seizing the Sword) 10. The Road Back 11. Resurrection Try mapping this structure onto a book that you are currently studying or even onto a simple fairy tale. It does work. Some of the elements may be more prominent than others but through observing those shifts in emphasis you will gain a better understanding of the way the author has tried to position these elements for effect. If you are studying The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, for example, a careful consideration of the way Stevenson structures the narrative is essential since the success of the detective genre element of the novel is, in part, due to the way in which Stevenson creates and sustains mystery and tension concerning the relationship between Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.
Characters Obviously, all novels have characters, usually including a protagonist (leading character) and an antagonist (adversary). The characters are usually human, but non-human characters might include animals, robots, gods, and mythical creatures. To analyse characters critically, you need to assess characterisation – that’s to say, how has the author designed the character? One of the biggest mistakes that some students make is to think that characters in novels are real people rather than imaginative constructions designed for specific roles, purposes and effects. Authors have several methods of telling us about the characters they have constructed: • Dialogue - What the characters say to one another • Internal monologue - What the characters think to themselves • Action - What the characters do • Appearance - How the characters look • What the narrator has to say about them
TO STUDY A NOVEL
Whilst it’s important to understand what roles, relationships, attitudes, ideas and emotions various characters possess, it is also essential to observe and assess the ways in which a writer constructs details of character dialogue, internal thoughts, actions and appearance through language. It is also valuable to note how characters’ moods, motivations and relationships develop and change within the narrative, how they develop the various elements of the narrative and contribute to the themes of the novel? If you are studying Dickens’ Great Expectations, it is essential that you recognise that the story is told entirely from the first person viewpoint of Pip and that his experiences, attitudes, emotions and dialogue are constructed by Dickens in order to guide our sympathies.
Setting
It is crucial to have a very clear appreciation of the settings involved in a novel. I have used the plural ‘settings’ because the action in a novel can, of course, take place in many different geographical locations. In addition, however, setting also refers to the historical period in which the action takes place, the social, economic and political features of the society in which the action takes place, and the philosophical and ideological principles which may have been prevalent at the time the novel is set and the time in which it was written. For example, if you are studying George Orwell’s Animal Farm, whilst you may enjoy it as a moral fable about animals taking over control of a farm from their human master, your ability to fully interpret and understand the novel would be seriously impaired if you hadn’t researched Marxism, The Russian Revolution and Communism. Therefore, when you analyse a novel, understanding the settings and how these relate to the genre or the themes of the novel is a crucial element of critical analysis. In summary, in order to successfully begin to appreciate a novel, as a starting point, you need to ensure that you have a thorough knowledge of its plot or narrative structure, its characters and its settings.
Happy reading!
About the Author: Robert Cavender is a Director of Lear ning & English Tutor at Ashby K night Education. For more information on Ashby K n i g h t ’s p r i v a t e t u i t i o n s e r v i c e s y o u c a n contact them at w w w.ashbyk night.com 0345 053 7329 info@ashbyknight.com
0345 053 7329 mail@ashbyknight.com www.ashbyknight.com
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EARLY PREPARATION TIPS FOR
UCAS CLEARING 2020
With A Levels/IB exam assessments pretty much done, we are all now focussing on Thursday 13 August 2020, the current predicted Results Day. We hope everything will go according to plan for you. However, sometimes things don’t go to plan. If you end up not getting the results you were expecting and end up missing out on your preferred university place, there is still light at the end of the tunnel. UCAS’s Clearing is any opportunity for you to reapply to universities that have vacancies that haven’t been filled yet. Clearing is particularly relevant if: • you don’t get the grades you need for the universities you applied to earlier in the year • you don’t want to accept any of the offers made to you • you apply to university after 30 June • you’ve had a sudden change of heart about your choices. This year in particular, a lot of universities are likely to be taking applications through this route, so you should be able to find something that suits you, and hopefully have the opportunity to enjoy the university experience you have always cherished. This UCAS video explains how you can use Clearing to find a course at university or college if you don't have a place.
When can I apply through Clearing? Clearing officially opens on UCAS on 6 July. But most people tend to wait to see what their exam results are before using the system. Places can fill up quickly, so you’ll want to get on the phone as soon as you get your results to see what University courses are open to you with your grades. How does Clearing work? Results day can be a bit stressful, particularly if you didn’t do as well as you’d hoped. The main thing is not to panic. If you’re still set on going to university, chances are you’ll be able to do that. What if I've done better than expected? Firstly, congratulations – well done! If you’ve met or exceeded your offers, then you may need to consider using Adjustment. This is an opportunity for you to reconsider where and what to study. This is entirely optional, but you may wish to have a look around at other courses or universities especially if you feel that this will enhance your ultimate outcomes. Contact the relevant university directly to discuss your options. Can I reapply to the same course through Clearing? If you made an application to a university and this application was rejected during the main UCAS cycle, unfortunately most universities may not consider an application for the same course through Clearing. Some universities are happy to provide feedback as to why your application was rejected, in order that you can make changes and reapply in the next UCAS cycle. Some universities may even be able to discuss your current options further, so do try to contact their admissions team to discuss your situation.
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Add clearing choices If you applied through UCAS earlier in the year, and you’re eligible for Clearing, you’ll see an ‘Add Clearing choice’ on the UCAS Track system. You’ll also be given a Clearing number, which you’ll need when contacting each University about their Clearing courses. If you haven’t registered with UCAS, you can apply to the University through Clearing directly. There are a number of ways you can do this – call UCAS, apply online, or apply through social media.
Prepare Make a list of your qualifications and grades, and work out how many UCAS points you hold using a tariff calculator. When you contact the University, they may ask you about your Level 3 results (A-levels, BTECs etc), as well as your Maths and English GCSE results. Also, make a note of any questions you want to ask them, so you don’t forget anything. You may have your heart set on a particular course, but it doesn’t harm to look at all the options. Most universities publish Clearing vacancies on their websites in July each year, so you can see which courses still have spaces on them. The majority of the universities will have on offer a wide range of subjects and there could well be something different there that’s still a perfect fit for you.
Apply If you see a course you’re interested in applying for at a particular university, call or email them. You can also apply to most universities through Twitter, Facebook or WhatsApp. You just need to send them a private message with the information such as: • Name, phone number, email address or your UCAS personal ID (if you have one) • Your grades and UCAS points • Your subjects • The name of the course or courses you’re interested in. Once you have received an offer, if you applied through UCAS, you’ll need to add them as a Clearing choice on Track. If you apply to them directly, rather than through UCAS, they’ll email you to let you know what to do next.
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The Year 13 Destination Options University vs Higher/Degree Apprenticeships/School-Leaver Programmes
Higher apprenticeships, degree apprenticeships and school-leaver programmes are a real game-changer and a disruptor to the traditional higher education and young people’s early-days career progression.
T
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options provide
whilst earning a salary, on-the-
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banks, top law firms and indus-
competitive alterna-
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try leading giants all join the
tive to mainstream
The popularity of the pro-
rush. Here are the key facts
university education,
grammes is phenomenal, with
about each route:
allowing school-leav-
high profile employers such as
ers to avoid student debt,
Big-4 accounting firms, bulge
University Predominantly campusbased full-time learning. Limited opportunities for work-based placements Generally, earns no salary, except during placement year Students pay £9k+ tuition fees + living expenses (overall debt - £40k+). Level 6 / 7 Qualification (Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree) Academic Oriented Assessment mainly examinations and assignments Apply through UCAS or direct, most courses starting in September (A few in January and other months) Application process includes UCAS Application & Personal Statement, at times with interviews/tests A Level/Scottish Higher/ NVQ/HND/IB Wide choice of degree programmes
Can be competitive, particularly top Universities Entry mainly based on academic grades More relaxed with a focus on learning Most last 3 or 4 years Broad choice of career options upon qualification Follows traditional learning structure Ease of employment on completion: tough & competitive
Higher Apprenticeships
Full-time employment with work-based learning plus off-the-job further/higher education/professional qualification Earns a salary; £3.90 or above No Tuition Fees/Student Debt. Earns a salary.
Level 4 – 7 Qualification (HND/NVQ, Foundation Degree, Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree, Professional Qualification) Practical/Technical Oriented Assessments more competency based Apply directly to employers or through partner providers or gov.uk/applyapprenticeship. Deadlines vary with employers. Application process includes Online Application, Aptitude Tests, Assessment Centres, Interviews A Level/Scottish Higher/ NVQ/HND/IB/Advanced Apprenticeship Wide range of large and small employers & sectors. Not available in certain areas such as Medicine Highly competitive Entry based on academic grades + employability skills More demanding and hectic, steep learning curve, juggling work and study Most last between 2 – 6 years Options mainly limited to area of speciality Follows national framework Ease of employment on completion: easier, many tend to secure employment within the same organisation
Degree Apprenticeships
Predominantly work-based learning plus off-the-job University-led degree qualification. Earns a salary, usually well above national minimum wage No Tuition Fees/Student Debt. Level 6 – 7 Qualification (Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree, Professional Qualification) Practical/Technical Oriented Assessment mixed: competence-based and examinations/assignments Apply directly to employers or through partner providers or gov.uk/applyapprenticeship. Deadlines vary with employers.
A Level/Scottish Higher/ NVQ/HND/IB/Advanced Apprenticeship Limited to participating (mainly large) employers & sectors. Not available in certain areas such as Medicine Highly competitive Entry based on academic grades + employability skills More demanding and hectic, steep learning curve, juggling work and study Most last 3 or 4 years Options mainly limited to area of speciality Does not follow national framework; structure unique to company Ease of employment on completion: easier, many tend to secure employment within the same organisation
School-Leaver Programmes
Full-time employment with work-based learning plus off-the-job further/higher education/professional qualification Earns a salary, usually well above national minimum wage No Tuition Fees/Student Debt. Earns a salary. Level 4 – 7 Qualification (HND/NVQ, Foundation Degree, Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree, Professional Qualification) Practical/Technical Oriented Assessments more competency based Apply directly to employers or through partner providers or gov.uk/applyapprenticeship. Deadlines vary with employers. Application process includes Online Application, Aptitude Tests, Assessment Centres, Interviews A Level/Scottish Higher/ NVQ/HND/IB/Advanced Apprenticeship Limited to participating (mainly large) employers & sectors. Not available in certain areas such as Medicine Highly competitive Entry based on academic grades + employability skills More demanding and hectic, steep learning curve, juggling work and study Most last between 2 – 6 years Options mainly limited to area of speciality Does not follow national framework; structure unique to company Ease of employment on completion: easier, many tend to secure employment within the same organisation
GCSE STUDENTS: TIPS FOR CHOOSING THE
Choose subjects you are strong at | 1 You are more likely to be motivated to study a subject that you have a natural ability for than one you are poor at. A good rule of thumb is to pick a subject you have sufficient ability to get at least a Grade 6 (B) in your GCSE/ National 5s. Choosing subjects that you are predicted to get strong GCSE grades – increases your chances of great A Levels/ Scottish Advanced Higher/ Advanced Welsh Bacc and better prospects and wider degree/employment options.
Align the subjects to your career aspirations | 3 Avoid combining overlapping or ‘too similar’ subjects| 2 Examples of combinations that could be classified as too similar, overlapping or too narrow and might give you issues: - Biology and Human Biology - Business and Economics - Business and Accounting - Drama and Media Studies
Most universities and employers give you guidelines of what subjects are prerequisites for each degree or apprenticeship. For instance: - Pharmacy generally require Chemistry, plus at least one from Biology, Maths and Physics - Medicine generally require Chemistry, plus at least one from Biology, Maths and Physics - English generally require English Literature and/or English Language - Engineering generally require Maths and one related subject such as Physics, Chemistry, Geography, Science, Computing, Design
E RIGHT A- LEVEL OR COLLEGE SUBJECTS Choose subjects you are familiar with and enjoy| 4 Minimise ‘non-preferred’, new and non-traditional subjects| 5
Again, you will most probably be more motivated and engaged studying a subject you ‘to some extent’ enjoy. Take time to familiarise with the range of subjects available at A Levels/ Scottish Advanced Higher/ Advanced Welsh Bacc, including some that are new to you – you never know if it’s something that could excite you. It is a good idea to consider a subject you have a connection with: - Someone who loves researching, developing an argument, and logical presenting ideas should consider subjects like history, sociology or law. - Someone who loves the outdoors, nature and environment-related issues may consider subjects like Geography or Environmental Science.
Try have a maximum of one of these less popular subjects. Examples of subjects that fall under this list include: - PE - Music - Media Studies - Drama - Textiles - Dance - Accounting - Home Economics
GCSE STUDENTS: TIPS FOR CHOOSING THE
Should you take three or four subjects?| 6 Our recommendation is to concentrate on the minimum required 3 subjects as much as possible, unless you feel you really need a wider choice, want to impress in your Oxbridge application or are very convinced the increased workload is not going to be any issue to you.
Prioritise ‘facilitating’ subjects| 7
Research| 8 Read the syllabuses and consult your teachers and Careers Advisor.
Facilitating subjects are commonly preferred A-level subjects. If possible, include at least one or two of these in your combination. Examples of subjects that fall under this list include:
- Mathematics - English - Geography - Biology - Chemistry - Physics - History - Classical / Modern Languages
Lastly decide whether you prefer FE College, Sixth Form College or Sixth Form | 9 Sixth Forms tend to focus more on the academic subjects (A LEVEL/ Scottish Higher/ Advanced Welsh Bacc). Most colleges tend to provide a much wider range of courses at different levels including vocational qualifications and in most cases A LEVEL/ Scottish Higher/ Advanced Welsh Bacc as well. There are few contrasts between the two. The learning environment at college tend to be more relaxed, with a less congested timetable, a more casual dress code (freedom to wear what you want) and a more diverse age range.
E RIGHT A- LEVEL OR COLLEGE SUBJECTS
BEFORE MAKING A CHOICE Consult with your teachers and Careers Advisor and any parent/senior colleagues who have progressed to Sixth Form/Sixth Form College/FE College. Visit the different institution and have a first-hand experience of what it’s like to be at a Sixth Form/Sixth Form College/FE College. Consider your career aspirations and research where the majority of people in your preferred profession/trade have been to.
USEFUL LINKS https://www.studential.com/student-underground/categories/a-levels https://icould.com/explore https://www.ucas.com/further-education https://university.which.co.uk/advice/a-level-choices https://www.informedchoices.ac.uk/qualifications https://www.gov.uk/apprenticeships-guide https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/ https://www.allaboutschoolleavers.co.uk/school-leaver-options https://www.notgoingtouni.co.uk/
To all teachers, school/college staff, key worker stude
We would like to express our heartfelt and sinc responded to the extra-ordinary challenges COVI scap
We are so proud of how you have all risen to the system fun
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cere gratitude for the incredible way you have ID-19 has brought to the entire education landpe.
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Medicine, Dentistry & Veterinary Medicine School
Medical school applications This is the time to start preparations
A
pplications to get into Medical School open in a couple of months’ time. Medicine, Dentistry and Veterinary Medicine are amongst the most competitive degree programmes to get into. It is therefore crucial that you are thoroughly prepared to ensure your application stands out from the crowd. Most medical school admission tutors look out for several things, some of which are listed below. But before we go into detail, we encourage people to fully consider some of the unique features of the profession.
Is Medical School really for you? Medicine, Dentistry or Veterinary Medicine are not for everyone – you need to have a genuine passion for the profession to thrive and fully enjoy it. Don’t go into it for the wrong reasons, the journey is quite long and not easy at all. It could be for you if you can answer ‘Yes’ to most of the following questions: •
•
Do you like working in busy and challenging environments, where you have to make bold life-impacting decisions, and having responsibility for people’s lives? Would you associate yourself with any of the following: ‘Empathy’; ‘Making a difference to people’s lives’; ‘Passion for patients’
• • • • •
•
•
Are you hard-working? Are you clever? Are you good at remembering lots of information? Are you not bothered with working long hours? Can you live with working strange shift patterns, including night shifts? Would you cope with earning loads of money, especially if you progress to Consultant level? Can you put up with studying for long hours?
Preparation and practice websites include: • Cambridge Admissions Testing Service (https://www.admissionstesting.org/) • Kaplan Test Prep (https://www.kaptest.co.uk/) • MedEntry (https://www.medentry.co.uk/) • The Medic Portal (https://www.themedicportal.com/) • UniAdmissions (https://www.uniadmissions.co.uk/) • 6Med (https://6med.co.uk/) • BMA (https://www.bma.org.uk/) • GMC (https://www.gmc-uk.org/) • NICE
Get your grades Most medical schools require three top grades: • A-level: AAA including chemistry and one other science, such as maths, physics, biology or psychology. • International Baccalaureate: 37 points including chemistry and another science subject. • Scottish Highers: S5: AAAAA/ AAAABB or S6
ABB. Most medical schools expect A Level / Scottish Higher / IBAC Chemistry plus another Science subject / Maths. Some require both Biology and Chemistry and others may even require three Sciences (Chemistry, Physics, Biology or Maths). Those struggling to meet these entry requirements, may want to consider doing the
six-year course ‘Medicine with a Foundation Year or Pre-clinical Year’. You may want to consider enrolling on a related course such Biomedical Sciences or Biochemistry then transfer to Medicine after the first year if you achieve high grades. Alternatively, you could first finish the degree then enter through the Graduate Entry route.
Admissions Test Preparation Make sure you are thoroughly prepared and have done extensive practice/mock tests on a computer for the Admissions tests which are required by the majority of the medical schools in the UK. The University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT) is a computerised exam that test key skills such as communication, spatial awareness, quantitative reasoning and numeracy. It usually covers five key areas; verbal reasoning, abstract reasoning, quantitative reasoning, decision making and situational judgement. The exam is usually sat between July and October. The majority of medical schools use UKCAT. You get your results straight after the test, so can use the test results to tailor your personal statement and to see which medical schools are more likely to accept you. The BioMedical YOUR Admissions Test (BMAT) is common with some top medical schools such as Oxford, CamP O INT bridge, UCL and RIGHT Imperial The test covers 3 main sections; problem-solving, scientific knowledge and HER College. E essay writing. Registration opens in July and the exam is usually sat between September and October. The Situational Judgement Test for Admission to Clinical Education (SJTace) is mainly used for entry to the Scottish Graduate Entry Medical Programme (ScotGEM), in particular; the University of Dundee and the University of St Andrews. The Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT) is primarily used for the Graduate Entry Medicine courses and for a few selected Standard Entry Medicine courses where the applicant is a graduate. As with the UKCAT, an applicant must register for and sit the GAMSAT before making the UCAS application. Registration is in August while the test is sat in September.
University of Aberdeen Anglia Ruskin University Aston University University of Birmingham University of Bristol Cardiff University University of Dundee University of East Anglia Edge Hill University University of Edinburgh
UCAT UNIVERSITIES University of Exeter University of Glasgow Hull York Medical School Keele University Kent and Medway Medical School King's College London University of Leicester University of Liverpool University of Manchester University of Newcastle
BMAT UNIVERSITIES University of Nottingham University of Cambridge Plymouth University University of Oxford Queen Mary University of London University of Leeds Queen's University Belfast University College London University of Sheffield Lancaster University University of Southampton Imperial College London University of St Andrews Brighton and Sussex Medical School St George's, University of London University of Sunderland University of Warwick
Medical school applications Ace your UCAS Personal Statement
Familiarise with other key ethical medical topics such as euthanasia, abortion, patients’ rights, privatisation, informed consent, gender issues, and conflict of interest
It is crucial that you first visit your chosen medical school’s admissions website to make sure you know precisely what they want you to include in your UCAS application personal statement. Keep it as relevant as possible, showcasing your medical mentality, patient care and reference to your work experience. Key things to demonstrate in your personal statement: • •
•
Your motives and inspiration for choosing medicine. Explorations, volunteering, work experience and extra-curricular activities that you have done. Reflect well on your experiences to demonstrate transferrable skills, capabilities and attributes that make you a suitable candidate.
Extracurricular activities
Medical school admission tutors highly rate participation in extracurricular activities mainly because: • They come with invaluable transferrable skills which complement with the profession • They give them a picture of the kind of person you are. • They demonstrate your ability to cope with the high pressures that come with studying and working in medicine and dentistry. In your application make sure you link possible transferrable skills from any extracurricular activities (sports, clubs, societies, orchestra, voluntary/ charitable activities). Highlight skills such as leadership, teamworking, interpersonal communication, collaboration and innovation that come with your participation.
Demonstrate extensive study and wider reading Keep up-to-date with medical
current affairs, the medical profession and NHS news Extensively read the General Medical Council’s ‘Good medical practice’ (https://www.gmc-uk.org/ ethical-guidance/ethical-guidance-for-doctors/ good-medical-practice) Regularly read The Doctor Magazine and BMJ (British Medical Journal) news (https://www.bma. org.uk/news/the-doctor and https://www.gmc-uk. org/) Have a sound understanding of confidentiality and or any other relevant medical professional. The broader your work experience the more attractive your application. Prepare for the interview Use the Medical School’s website to find out more
the four pillars of medical ethics: Autonomy: respecting patient’s choice Beneficence: doing what is in the best interests of the patient Non-maleficence: doing no harm Justice: doing what’s best for society as a whole Familiarise with other key ethical medical topics such as euthanasia, abortion, patients’ rights, privatisation, informed consent, gender issues, and conflict of interest Knowledge of high profile diseases (such as coronavirus, AIDS, MMR, SARS, MRSA, H5N1, cancer). Other signs of passion for medicine include watching medical television programmes, knowing the different specialities in medicine as well as reading
books and periodicals on health-related subjects.
Medical placement or work experience
Prior to submitting your application, try and get some form of medical placement or work experience. This could be at your local hospital, GP practice, medical centre, medical laboratory, Ambulance service unit, medical research centre, primary health centre or nursing care home. In your application, reflect on and give examples of your personal experiences, learning outcomes and key skills expected from a medical doctor, such as empathy, communication skills, patient interactions and the importance of focusing on the patient. To get a real good feel of what it’s like working in the medical field, shadow doctor, nurse
about the style of the interview. Whether it is a panel interview or a Multiple Mini Interview (MMI), do a lot of research on what to expect for that particular interview and the types of questions. Prepare some good quality and original responses to help you on the day. Prepare some solid answers to justify why you chose that medical school and degree programme. Showcase your knowledge of the profession by having a clear understanding of the different progressions up to Consultant level and what particular pathway you are likely to take. Research about the medical school’s attached hospital, its speciality and its performance.
study & careers consulting Thinking about;
• Studying in Europe (France, Germany, UK & ...), U.S, Canada & Australia? • Applying to Oxbridge, Russell Group, Ivy League, or other top university? • Applying for a top graduate scheme, degree/higher apprenticeship, Big-4 Accounting firm, top Law Firm, top Investment Banking or Consulting Firm? • Applying for Medical School?
Our highly experienced Education and Careers Consultants are ready to help you make your dream come true. Email us on info@studycareers.org or call us at 03333 44 35 44 to discuss your requirements.
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HIGHER/DEGREE APPRENTICESHIP
ASSESSMENT CENTRE TIPS
A
ssessment days often consist of multiple activities that are designed to put your knowledge, aptitude and personality to the test. It can be tricky to know what to expect, so we have listed a number of activities you could expect on the assessment day. •
Prior to the assessment, notify the employer of any special needs if you have any
•
Do some prior research on what type of exercises the employers usually test on its assessments • Familiarise with the best approaches to impress in the various tests that are likely to be used • Have a good night sleep. Arrive on time, fresh and well prepared for an eventful day
“HAVE A GOOD NIGHT SLEEP. ARRIVE ON TIME, FRESH AND WELL PREPARED FOR AN EVENTFUL DAY”
“ Contribute
to group activities. Avoid being too passive or being too dominate.”
“ARTICULATE YOUR THOUGHTS...”
•
•
•
•
•
•
Stay positive – the fact that they have picked you from thousands of applicants means you are pretty good! During the exercises the employers will be assessing how you perform and conduct yourself. So be an assertive and confident team player and showcase your interpersonal and teamworking skills. Be passionate and show that you want to work for them and have a lot to offer. Contribute to group activities. Avoid being too passive or being too dominant. Articulate your thoughts – unfortunately most assessors are not mind-readers. . Try to build rapport with other candidates (and assessors). Network, chat and befriend other candidates during breaks and inbetween activities to help you relax and boost your confidence, which might come in handy when interacting and working with them later in the day
“ STAY POSITIVE – THE FACT THAT THEY HAVE PICKED YOU FROM THOUSANDS OF APPLICANTS MEANS YOU ARE PRETTY GOOD! ”
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ROLE PLAY
GROUP EXERCISES
CASE STUDY
05
06 04
01 03
02
PRESENTATIONS
IN-TRAY EXERCISES
PSYCHOMETRIC & APTITUDE TESTS
Common Assessment Centre Activities
ENJOY YOURSELF AND HAVE FUN MAKING NEW FRIENDS
P D W
ay particular attention to little things like gestures, facial expressions and maintaining eye contact.
on’t dwell too much on your mistakes - If you feel your performance in one of the exercises was not as good as you would want, try not getting too discouraged – it is your overall performance in all the exercises that counts. hatever outcome of the interview process; ask for some feedback to aid your continuous professional development. This will make you a better candidate for the next Assessment Day, that’s if you need one. Enjoy yourself and have fun making new friends.
REFLECTION
F
inally, you may be required to do an Assessment Centre reflection. Whether it’s a form, presentation or write-up, you need to look back on your experience and assess how you’ve done and what your experience has been like. You’ll have to analyse what went well and what parts could have gone better and how well you think you’d performed. It’s difficult to prepare for this segment of the day so just remember to keep notes to assist you. Some people have written about what their day at an assessment centre devised as blog posts for others to see, so it may not be a bad idea to have a browse in preparation!
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The publication ment’s statutory people must rec by 2020. The ha the Gatsby Goo
Some of the nu from Careers L this Handbook a ing students to t
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“This is all wh read before en
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“This is an exc
GET YOUR OWN HARD COPY FOR ONLY £9.95! DIGITAL COPY ONLY £5.95 To preview the digital version before buying o to order a printed copy please click here:
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n fully supports the Governy requirement that all young ceive good careers provision andbook fully complements od Career Guidance Benchmarks.
umerous positive comments Leaders who have adopted as their core text for supportachieve their career aspirations include:
the best Careers Handbook n the past 20+ Years I have working in Careers”
hat every student needs to ntering the world of work”
ok, a must-have for every student!”
cellent guide. Well written!”
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FANCY SOMETHING USEFUL TO
W
• • • •
READ DURING SUMMER? ondering what educational/ careers options your child can take for their next step?
Wondering how you can help your child with their UCAS, & University Applications, Apprenticeship and Job Applications? Need to know which jobs pay more and are available in your area (Labour Market Information)? What qualifications are needed for each role i.e Degree/Diploma/Certificate? How does your child apply for Medical School/Law School/Accounting Firms/Investment Banking Firms etc..?
•
Do you understand about how each of these work: T Levels, Traineeships, Assessment Centres, School-Leaver Programmes, Work Placements?
O
ur 460-paged Handbook will answer all these questions for you in detail!
G
et your own copy for only £9.95
LABOUR MARKET
1
3
38
uk’s highest pay 2
4
For more information on all the 300+ job roles and much
T INFORMATION
ying jobs - 2020 5
6
7
8
h more, order your own hard copy here for only £9.95.
39
LABOUR MARKET
9
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uk’s highest pay 10
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T INFORMATION
ying jobs - 2020 13
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more, order your own hard copy here for only £9.95.
41
Is the Coronavirus pandemic getting too psychological for you?
With 2.6 billion people having been in lockdown globally, social distancing, staying at home, wearing of face masks, longer queues at shops and constantly restraining yourself from human interaction - how are you coping? In the last month, the proportion of people who experience loneliness has risen from 10% to 24%. In some families, some have lost their jobs or have seen their finances severely affected. The longer the situation continues, the greater the effect on people’s mental health, including insomnia, anxiety, depression and migraines. People’s confidence in returning to normal this year is slowly decreasing from 86% in April to 55% in May.
Here are a few pointers that could help you cope during such uncertain times:
1
Keep your home/room and yourself clean, organised and fresh
2
Avoid obsessing over endless coronavirus news coverage or social media stories
3
Try and maintain the structure of your normal daily routines
4 5
Create positivity within yourself. Rephrase words like “I am stuck inside” to “I can finally focus on my stuff and myself” Start a new hobby - think of some new routine to pre-occupy yourself with – anything from running, painting, gardening or even good old reading!
Managing your
The outbreak of coronavirus may be overwhelming and stressful for some p care about, are feeling overwhelmed and showing strong signs of sadness, some more he 116 123 (free 24-hour helpline) www.samaritans.org.uk
0300 5000 927 www.rethink.org
0300 304 7000 www.sane.org.uk
0808 802 5544 www.youngminds.org.uk
Anxiety, Depression and M
mental health
people, leading to fear, anxiety and strong emotions. If you, or someone you depression, anxiety or self harm; get in touch with one of the following for elp or advice: 0300 123 3393 Website: www.mind.org.uk
Mental Health Helplines
03444 775 774 www.anxietyuk.org.uk
0800 58 58 58 www.thecalmzone.net
www.mentalhealth.org.uk
Think ing of starting your ow Tips for preparing a business plan
A business plan is an essential strategic tool for any entrepreneur and b channel your resources towards the actions that will maximise your sho pitching yourself before investors and lenders.
Key points to bear in mind
Base your business plan on detailed information where possible. But do not include all th Be straight to the point - focus on what the intended audience are interested in. Additio information and directors’ CVs may be included in the Appendices section. Be realistic – try minimising unrealistic optimistic or ambitious revenue or cash- flow targ increased risk of mis- management of cash flows. Put any evidence to back- up your forec Be professional – ensure the layout is professional, including a cover page, a contents pa Be risk- conscious – show the investors, lenders and readers your awareness of the variou place to minimise the impact of the risks
.
Key sections of the business plan
Executive Summary – a brief overview of the business, its history and/or entrepreneurs’ backgr Products/Services – description of product/service, its key attributes, unique features, and valu Industry Analysis – a summary of the industry and environment in which the business is operat of the major external forces affecting the business. Market and competitor analysis – key features of the market, consumer preferences, market se competitors in the market and what the company is doing to differentiating its products/servic Marketing Mix – Analysis of the 4Ps ( product, price, place, promotion) . Where within the comp pricing policy of the company, its promotional and advertising strategy, distribution and sales c SWOT analysis – An analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats affecting opportunities, whilst seeking to neutralise or mitigate the impacts of internal weaknesses and e Management and organisational structure – lay out an organisational structure of the business recruitment, health & safety as well as training strategies to be implemented. Operational plan – description of the production facilities, premises and location and how it inf are in place? Financial Plan – sales, profit, capital expenditure and cash- flow forecasts for the next few year unfavourable trading conditions.
Vid
w n small business? Entrepreneurship
business professional. A well- documented business plan will not only help you to ort and long- term corporate objectives, but it will help you in raising funds and
he detail in the plan. Leave the detail for operational or marketing plans. onal information such as assumptions, market research findings, technical details, detailed financial
gets. These can be easily spotted by investors and lenders and can easily put them off, as they hint casts and assumptions in the Appendices section. age, executive summary, Marketing, HR, Operational and Financial Plans as well as an Appendices section. ous operational, financial and legal risks associated with the venture and what measures you are putting in
round, and the purpose. ue- enhancing benefits. ting. A PESTLE ( Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Ecological/Environmental) analysis
deo
egmentation, pricing trends, the anticipated market share and market trends. Analysis of key ces to beat the market. A brief outline of where the business positions itself within the market. petitive spectrum will the business position its product ( high quality/expensive or value/low cost) , the channels to be used. the business. Explain how the company will capitalise on the internal strengths and external external threats. s as well as brief outline of management’s qualifications, experience and responsibilities. Outline key HR,
fluences the company’s operations. What are the company’s approaches to quality and what IT systems
rs. State any assumptions and give a scenario analysis of the position of the business in the event of
STUDYING IN THE U.S. Why study in America?
I
n the latest QS World University league tables, 10 of the top 20 universities are U.S universities. This is partly due to the billions of dollars invested in US university research and in creating a more vibrant campus life
and a huge range of extracurricular activities. US higher education is popular for its distinctive flexibility and interdisciplinary format, with most students graduating with a richer mix of degree disciplines. Today’s employers are increasingly looking for graduates with global experience
and
an
open-minded
attitude,
combined with a broader range of skill sets. "There is no direct equivalent of UK’s UCAS in America" A US bachelor’s degree ordinarily takes four years to complete, hence the academic flexibility, compared to the UK’s 3 Year typical degree. Most community colleges offer two-year associate degrees, which often have direct transfer arrangements with four-year universities, making it more affordable and less rigorous in terms of entry requirements. There is no direct equivalent of UK’s UCAS in America, but about 650 US universities or colleges (as they interchangeably use these 2 terms) use the Common Application, an online portal that helps students manage their applications. 48
"Test scores will be submitted alongside your application, essays, references..." Whilst a few US colleges and universities do not require admissions exams, most will expect students applying to take at least one of the major standardised admission tests such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) or the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or the American College Testing (ACT). These tests are primarily aimed at providing a common measure for comparing the abilities of students who come from a wide range of educational backgrounds. Test scores will be submitted alongside your application, essays, references, transcripts, work experience and other supporting information
US universities or colleges, include: -
Four-year private research universities such as Harvard, Stanford or Princeton. - Four Year private technical Institutions such as MIT and California Institute of Technology. - Four-year private liberal arts colleges such as Amherst College, Wellesley College and Williams College. - Four-year public universities such as University of California, University of Florida and Michigan State University. - Two-year community/junior colleges such as Altamaha Technical College and Maryland Community College.
49
TOP U.S. UNIVERSITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS FULL AWARDS (OVER $60K AWARD)
Top US Universities for international students full awards (Over (over$60k $60k over award) Financial Aid Award) 700 600 500 400 300
594
200 257
100 0
Harvard University
Columbia University
207
170
147
Duke University
Trinity College
Amherst College
1
U.S . PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES VS U.S. PUBLIC (STATE) UNIVERSITIES
US Private Universities
US Public (State) Universities
Funded through fees, grants, donations, alumni
Mainly funded or subsidised by the state & fees
Generally higher tuition fees (Average: $35k)
Generally lower tuition fees (Average: $23k)
More demographically & geographically diverse with more national/international students
Less demographically or geographically diverse (in-state students)
Top ones generally higher ranked, but not all of them
Mixed rankings, some higher some lower
Generally smaller class sizes & enrolments
Average class sizes and enrolments larger
Narrower range of subjects, academic focussed
Wider range of subjects
Closer relationships with professors
Less close student-lecturer relationships
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FACTORS TO CONSI WHEN MAKING U.S UNIVERSITY APPLICATIONS Factors to consider when making applications to U.S universities • Type, size and location of university • Affordability or chances of getting full funding • Colleges that you have a perfect cultural match with • Degree of selectivity • Subject areas (It is very possible that when you apply to American colleges, you may end up not studying one degree discipline/area of study)
Funding & Tuition Quite a lot of students are able to fund their studies through scholarships or financial aid from the US universities themselves or from external funding bodies. More than 600 US universities offer international student scholarships worth $20,000+, with over 250 institutions having opportunities for ‘full ride’ scholarships. Tuition Fees Tuition fees in America vary significantly, ranging from the most expensive private university such as the Ivy league Universities, which charge upwards of $50k, to low cost state universities, which may charge as low as $5k per year. International students tend to pay higher ‘out-of-state’ fees and are not eligible for the US Federal Student Aid, neither are they eligible for UK’s student loans
and grants. However, international students can apply for highly competitive scholarships or university funding packages. Other costs such accommodation and living expenses often range between $15k and $20k. Scholarships & Financial Aid International students may consider applying for financial aid by completing the CSS (College Scholarship Service) Profile, which enable then to be considered for a limited range of aid based on their family income and assets. ‘Need-aware’ universities consider a student’s financial situation when making admission decisions. Some ‘need-blind’ universities (such as Harvard, MIT, Princeton and Yale) do not consider a student’s financial situation when making admission decisions but may also meet the full financial needs for international students.
character, leadership and assertiveness.
IDER
Y
- Some competency-based scholarships also consider art portfolios, video/ live auditions or essays. - First Year Abroad Programs – selected universities allowed students who have completed their first year to pay significantly lower in-state tuition (e.g. Florida State University). - Liberal Arts, Southern and Midwest colleges are generally more generous and are keener on attracting international students. (Please see table on previous page)
Work-Study Options - F1 Visa
Scholarship assessments are generally not based on the student’s family financial situation and affordability. Scholarship opportunities include: - University/College specific means-tested (needbased) scholarships – limited and very competitive for international students - Merit-based University/ College Scholarships – awarded for academically or extra-curricular talented students. Extra curriculars range from art to drama, music and dance - Sports Scholarships – mostly governed by bodies such as NCAA, NAIA or NJCAA - External Scholarships based on specific criterial that may include religion, ethnicity, character, discipline or talent. - Attribute based scholarship such as the UNC’s Morehead-Cain Scholarship consider
- Only awarded to students who can demonstrate full financial support. Employment income is classified as supplementary income and cannot be used as annual proof of financial resources. - Employment limited to 20 hours per week on campus during term-time and full-time during holidays, for first year students. Off-campus employment allowed for second year onwards. - Optional Practical Training (OPT) - allows you to work off-campus after one year enrolment. - Curricular Practical Training (CPT) – allows working with a job offer for major-related work necessary for your degree/academic credit, after one year of study. - Major-related work for State approved International Organisations such as WHO, WTO, UN, Red Cross. 53 – RUNNING TITLE
KEY WEBSITES FOR FURTHER INFORM Fulbright Commission - Offer programmes, events and advice for UK students, academics and professionals interested in studying, researching or teaching at accredited higher education institutions in the USA. Sutton Trust US Programme - supports high achieving state school students from across the UK to explore US study and access leading universities. The Sutton Trust US Programme is a once in a lifetime opportunity to explore what studying in the US is like. It will give you a taste of what it’s like being an international student in the US and help you see if it could be the right fit for you. It’s a fully-funded programme so they will cover all costs, including travel, residential events, accommodation and food. https://us.suttontrust.com/ IEFA - The premier resource for international scholarship and grant information for students. You’ll find the most comprehensive listing of scholarships for international students. https://www.iefa.org/ IIE-Funding for U.S. study - Funding for US Study Online is an extensive database of scholarships, fellowships and grants organized and maintained by the Institute of International Education (IIE). Funding for US Study includes all types of funding programs, for all levels of post-secondary study, across the full range of academic areas. https://www.fundingusstudy.org/ Edupass - The International Student Guide to Studying in the USA. This site provides information for international students who are thinking about pursuing an undergraduate, graduate, or professional education in the USA. It also contains material of interest to international students who are already in the USA. There is also some information for international students who are interested in studying in countries other than the US, but the main focus is on higher education in the US. https://www.edupass.org/ International Scholarships - the premier financial aid, college scholarship and international scholarship resource for students wishing to study abroad. At this site, you will find the most comprehensive listing of grants, scholarships, loan programs, and other information to assist college and university students in their pursuit to study abroad. https://www.internationalscholarships.com/
MATION ABOUT STUDYING IN THE U.S ScholarshipPortal - scholarship website for international students looking to meet their financial needs. Find and Compare University Scholarships, grants, fellowships and other student funding. Comprehensive scholarship lists available for a wide variety of destinations abroad. https://www.scholarshipportal.com/ Education USA - a U.S. Department of State network of over 430 international student advising centres in 178 countries and territories. The network promotes U.S. higher education to students around the world by offering accurate, comprehensive, and current information about opportunities to study at accredited postsecondary institutions in the United States. https://educationusa.state.gov/ The College Board - a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity as well as promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success — including the SAT and the Advanced Placement Program, grants, scholarships, fellowships and financial aid. https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/ UES (University Entrance Skills) - Provides high quality, personal support to students entering Higher Education in the US. They have an end-to-end service that includes help with standardised test tutoring, building the right extracurricular profile, choosing colleges, writing college essays and personal statements, and completing applications. https://www.ueseducation.com/ NCAA - The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a member-led organization dedicated to providing a pathway to opportunity for college athletes. http://www.ncaa.org/ NAIA - The official clearinghouse for NAIA eligibility. Every student-athlete must register with the NAIA Eligibility Center to play sports at an NAIA college or university. https://www.naia.org/student-athletes/future-student-athletes/index NJCAA - The National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) is committed to providing quality athletic opportunities to enhance the entire collegiate learning experience for its students. https://www.njcaa.org/eligibility/Pros-SA-Guide
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