Dams: Different Types Based On Their Structure and Function A dam is nothing but a hydraulic structure or construction that is built over a river for the formation of a reservoir for restricting water for different purposes such as water supply, hydropower, flood control, transport, fishing activities, irrigation. Dams are developed relying upon the reason for which they are utilized. Distinctive sorts of dams are utilized for at least one of the above reasons. A piece of advice. If you are interested in learning civil construction activities, take to one of the civil construction training courses to become a professional. Take a look at:
Different Types Based On Their Structure and Function 1. Dam types with respect to their function: Coffer dams: A coffer dam is an impermanent dam build to ease construction. This one is an enclosure built around the site to bar the water with the goal that the construction is done in dry condition. This is typically based on the upstream of the main dam to redirect water into a channel or diversion tunnel amid the development of the dam. At the point when the stream of water is low in the waterway, the site is encased by coffer dam and the water is drawn out and made dry.
Diversion dams: At the point when there is a requirement for redirecting the water of the river into a course or an offtaking waterway, the diversion dam is developed. These dams give adequate strain to pushing the water into different frameworks like trenches, canals and so forth. These dams can be utilized for irrigation and furthermore to divert water from a stream into a remote reservoir for storage. These are kind of storage weirs which redirect water and have a little stockpiling reservoir on upstream. Once in a while, these are additionally named as weirs. Others include storage dams, debris dams etc. Civil engineering is a challenging field with lots of opportunities. Undergo training courses for civil engineers and be ready for the opportunities.
2. Dam types based on design and structure: Gravity dams: A gravity dam is a huge dam built using concrete and stone brickwork which are intended to hold vast volumes of water. The dam’s weight opposes the horizontal push of water pushing against it, on account of concrete. Gravity holds the dam down to the ground, which prevents the water from toppling over. Thus these are called gravity dams. These are appropriate for blocking rivers. What’s more, as these dams depend on self-weight to hold down water, it’s obligatory that they ought to be based on strong foundation of bedrock.
Rockfill dams: This is a sort of embankment dam which utilizes different sizes of materials to give steadiness. This dam utilizes rock fragments and boulders of extensive size. It additionally has an impervious layer on the
upstream face to encourage water tightness or to lessen the leakage through the dam. This film is for the most part made of cement concrete or asphaltic concrete. In prior days, they utilized steel and timber layers, however now they are out of date. At times, the Rockfill dams have an impervious earth core in the center to check the leakage rather than an impervious upstream layer. This earth core is set on the dumped Rockfill. Sufficient filters are provided between the core and the Rockfill with the goal that the soil particles are not conveyed by the water. These Rockfill dams require more grounded foundation than the earth dams.
Steel dams: A steel dam is built of a steel framework with steel skin plates on the upstream. There are two sorts of steel dams: cantilever and direct-strutted. Direct strutted dams possess the water pressure transmitted specifically to the foundation by utilizing slanted struts. Cantilever steel dams’ upper portion of its deck is bolstered by a twisted, which is framed into a cantilever truss. Other types under this category include Buttress dams, Arch dams, Timber dams etc. That was about dams and its different types. Hope you found it to be informative. Join structural engineering courses or specifically Staad Pro software if you wish to learn this software.