Matric Q&A 2022 | Edition 3: Business studies

Matric Q&A

Meet a WINNER!

At the beginning of this year Arena Holdings, in a partnership with Boston College, gave away R2.5m in bursaries to young people in South Africa.

were given the option to study for a Diploma, Degree or Higher Certificate at a Boston College of their choice.

Charity Nicole Sephula, one of our lucky winners, chose to study for a Bachelor of Commerce in Management Marketing at Boston City Campus in Sandton. She was only 15 years old when she applied for the bursary. This is her story.

Why did you apply to win a bursary?

It was one of my goals to carry on learning this year but due to financial problems it was never going to happen. I am glad that Boston recommended the Arena bursary to me. I wouldn’t be studying today if it wasn’t for them.

Where did you matriculate?

I matriculated at Mahlasedi High School in Gauteng.

What is your home environment like?

My family values education, is very supportive, loving and respects people and is very religious. My mom is a single mother and because of our financial situation it’s hard for her. I am glad for the Arena

bursary because l am able to carry on studying.

Why did you choose Marketing Studies?

I chose to study a Bachelor of Commerce in Management Marketing as it will give me more insight and knowledge on how to handle things when l start my business or when l am working for a company.

What has the first six months at college been like for you?

Campus life is great. I was afraid and excited at the same time during the first month. I was scared that I would not be able to adjust to the learning environment, as well as using a personal computer. My student adviser was very welcoming and I also made new friends who showed me around campus.

What do you like most about the learning environment?

I love the fact that the people there are very welcoming, it is very safe for students and if you need help any time they assist you very quickly.

Where do you see yourself in three years’ time?

I see myself finishing the course I’m currently doing and starting fashion and design.

What is the best advice you have been given this year?

The best advice l got was from my mom, “Listening and patience are the most important things that you must practise.”

What advice would you give to a student writing Matric?

Start studying early for your exams because if you start late you will feel like you never learned anything and that’s when you feel more pressure. Listen to your teachers and guardians and be patient with yourself when failure comes. Learn from your mistakes. Apply early if you want to go to university or college.

What makes you happy and focused as a student?

Seeing my goals accomplished each day makes me happy. What keeps me focused is that l don’t have to worry about school fees because the Arena bursary has got me covered.

Who is your best role model?

My mother is my everyday inspiration. She’s my pillar of strength, she encourages me to do my best every day, she motivates me, she’s always there for me. She is the one who made me discover my career path and l am grateful and thank God every day for giving me the best mom in the world.

Accounting – a career that adds up to personal success

International research shows that the accountancy and finance sector is seen as the third most stable profession, behind health/pharmaceuticals, and teaching. One in four employees aged 16-34 is currently considering a new career as the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic bites. Careers available in the various areas of finance include bookkeepers, credit controllers, debt collectors and financial managers, as well as assistant accountants and chartered accountants. The basic nature of these kinds of jobs remain the same despite advancing computer systems: manage and carry out the administration of financial transactions that take place in an organisation.

Bookkeepers keep records of all the financial transactions that take place in an organisation. Public and municipal services, commerce, industry, and educational institutions employ bookkeepers; private and part-time ownermanaged practices have also become more popular. Nonhlanhla Dube, Career Consultant at Boston City Campus says that, “Bookkeeping is considered a scarce skill (visit www.fasset.org.za) and therefore is a career that should be considered by those who are numerically and detail-oriented, as well as committed to finding secure employment.”

She mentions that South Africa has a shortage of people working in bookkeeping and accounting positions. These positions are consistently in the top 10 scarce skills. Positions exist in corporate and industry, as well as in

By Natalie Rabson

government and municipalities.

The credit controller (see here: https://www.boston. ac.za/boston-city-campus/qualifications/accountingprogrammes/credit-controller-assistant-bookkeeper/) is responsible for opening new client accounts, managing monthly payments and handling all liaison and administrative duties arising from purchase transactions.

Career opportunities such as assistant accountant serve as either a job, or a good starting point from which to advance if you are ambitious in your accounting!

Opportunities for advancement include financial accountant, financial manager and financial director as you gain more experience and skills.

Career opportunities where skills are considered scarce include: Trainee Accountant, Debt Collector, Finance Manager, Management Consultant, Office Administrator, General Accountant, General Clerk, Accounts Clerk and Payroll Clerk. The Boston Higher Certificate in Accounting Practice has you working in an accounts office within one year, and opens doors to further study in the field.

The Chartered Accountant (CA) is licensed by the state to audit financial information for public companies for accuracy. CAs can also work for themselves completing taxes or accounting for individuals. SAICA is the South African institute of Chartered Accountants, responsible for accreditation of accountants and auditors, and providing entrance and approval to sit for the accounting board exam.

Accountants and auditors help to ensure that firms are run efficiently, its public records kept accurately, and its taxes paid properly and on time. They analyse and communicate financial information for various entities such as companies, individual clients, and government.

Fundamental accounting day-to-day tasks include analysing and verifying financial documents, offer budget analysis, financial and investment planning, information technology consulting, the design of accounting and data-processing systems, and the selection of controls to safeguard assets.

Do you want to work in the accounting industry? Alida Hattingh of Boston College, Welkom, says that: “You need to have an aptitude for maths and or numeracy, be a methodical and organised person, communicate well and be able to be assertive and sensitive at the same time. Maintaining discretion is essential, and you will need to be the kind of person who can integrate information and draw conclusions from that.”

“Finance is a recession-proof career,” says Hattingh. “No business can function, nevermind succeed, without appropriate accounting systems in place, even your own entrepreneurial business!”

endorsement of the Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda

Business Studies

Matric Q&A

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions.

1. This question paper consists of THREE sections and covers TWO main topics.

SECTION A: COMPULSORY

SECTION B: Consists of THREE questions

Answer any TWO of the three questions in this section.

SECTION C: Consists of TWO questions.

Answer any ONE of the two questions in this section.

2. Read the instructions for each question carefully and take note of what is required.

Note that ONLY the first TWO questions in SECTION B and the FIRST question in SECTION C will be marked.

3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. NO marks will be awarded for answers that are numbered incorrectly.

4. Except where other instructions are given, answers must be written in full sentences.

5. Use the mark allocation and nature of each question to determine the length and depth of an answer.

6. Use the table below as a guide for mark and time allocation when answering each question.

Section Question Marks Time (minutes)

A: Objective-type questions COMPULSORY

B: THREE direct/indirecttype questions CHOICE: Answer any TWO

C: TWO essay-type questions CHOICE: Answer any ONE.

30 30

40 30

40 30

40 30

40 30 6 40 30

120 minutes

1.1.2 Smooth Milkshakes implemented the … diversification strategy when they added fruit shakes to their existing menu.

A vertical

horizontal C concentric

D conglomerate

1.1.3 Zuko Transport operates in the … sector as they specialise in delivery services.

A secondary B primary C economic D tertiary

1.1.4 Angela Construction facilitates the training of its employees on a regular basis. This is an example of … as a TQM element.

A continuous skills development

B adequate financing and capacity

C monitoring and evaluation of quality processes

D continuous improvement to processes and systems

1.1.5 This function is responsible for the release of positive press statements in order to boost the image of the business:

A Purchasing

B Public relations

C Marketing

D General management

(5 x 2) (10)

1.2 Complete the following statements by using the word(s) in the list below. Write only the word(s) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.5) in the ANSWER BOOK

director general; administration; unemployment insurance fund; PESTLE; National Credit Act; SWOT; SETAs; housing allowance; purchasing; National Credit Regulator

1.2.1 The role of … is to draw up skills development plans for their specific economic sector.

1.2.2 Businesses that offer goods on credit are required to register with the …

1.2.3 Parkview Consultants compiled a … analysis to investigate the reasons for poor management in the business.

1.2.4 Odwa is entitled to … as a compulsory benefit.

1.2.5 The production manager works closely with the … manager in order to buy the correct quality of raw materials.

(5 x 2) (10)

compels businesses to display the

and services:

A Consumer Protection Act,

National Credit Act (NCA),

Compensation for Occupational

(COIDA),

Skills Development Act,

(Act

(Act

(Act

(Act

of

of

of

of

and

of

1.3 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches a term in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–J) next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.3.6 K.

Column A Column B

1.3.1 Market Penetration A the human resource manager must allow employees to join trade unions of their choice

1.3.2 Learnership B identify the vacancy before interviews are conducted

1.3.3 Employment Equity Act C businesses aim to sell its existing products to new markets

1.3.4 Interviewer D the training opportunity that requires employees to only attend external practical courses

1.3.5 Total Quality Management E businesses focus on selling existing products to existing markets at lower prices

F aims at satisfying the needs of consumers beyond their expectations

G the training opportunity that can lead to a recognised occupational qualification

H the human resource manager must implement affirmative action when making appointments

I develop a core set of questions based on skills required

J requires management to focus only on continuous improvement to business processes

(5 x 2) (10)

TOTAL SECTION: [30]

SECTION B (Answer ANY TWO questions in this section)

Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions.

NOTE: Clearly indicate the QUESTION NUMBER of each question that you choose. The answer to EACH question must start on a NEW page, e.g. QUESTION 2 on a NEW page, QUESTION 3 on a NEW page.

QUESTION 2: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS

2.1 Name any TWO types of integration strategies. (2)

2.2 Outline the steps in strategy evaluation. (6)

2.3 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

GERALD TRADING ENTERPRISE (GTE)

GTE could not export their products to other countries during the forced lockdown period. Some of their essential employees requested to work from home due to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sally Manufacturers delayed the distribution of personal protective equipment to GTE.

Use the table below as a GUIDE to answer QUESTIONS 2.3.1 to 2.3.3.

2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3

Challenges Business Environments Extent of Control

1. 2. 3.

2.3.1 Quote THREE challenges for GTE from the scenario above. (3)

2.3.2 Classify GTE's challenges according to the THREE business environments. (3)

2.3.3 State the extent of control GTE has over EACH business environment named in QUESTION 2.3.2. (3)

2.4 Explain the implications of the following Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act (BBBEE) pillars for businesses:

2.4.1 Management control (4)

2.4.2 Skills development (4)

2.5 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

CINDY BOTTLE SUPPLIERS (CBS) Martha, an employee at Cindy Bottle Suppliers, was unfairly dismissed for late coming due to road closures because of a service delivery protest. She referred the matter to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) as she was not happy with her dismissal.

2.5.1 Identify the Act that is applicable to CBS. Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario above. (3)

2.5.2 Explain other actions that could be regarded as discriminatory according to the Act identified in QUESTION 2.5.1. (4)

2.6 Recommend ways in which businesses could deal with challenges that are posed by the following PESTLE factors:

2.6.1 Technological (4)

2.6.2 Environmental (4) [40]

QUESTION 3

3.1 Name any TWO aspects that should be included in an employment contract. (2)

3.2 Elaborate on the difference between piecemeal and time-related salary determination methods. (4)

3.3 Explain the reasons for the termination of an employment contract. (6)

3.4 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

IKUSASA TRADING LTD (ITL) Ikusasa Trading Ltd recently advertised the position for a financial manager on their notice board in order to find a suitable candidate.

3.4.1 Name the recruitment method used by ITL in the scenario above. (2)

3.4.2 Discuss the impact of the recruitment method stated in QUESTION 3.4.1 on businesses. (6)

Matric Q&A

3.5 Outline TWO benefits of a good quality management system. (4)

3.6 Explain the quality indicators of the financial function. (4)

3.7 Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.

EXCEL CARPET MANUFACTURERS (ECM)

Excel Carpet Manufacturers check the quality of their carpets during and after the production process. The chief executive officer (CEO) of ECM uses different techniques to improve the quality of their product.

Identify TWO quality concepts that are applicable to ECM. Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario above.

Use the table below as a GUIDE to answer QUESTION 3.7

Quality Concepts Motivations

1. 2. (6)

3.8 Evaluate the impact of total client/customer satisfaction on large businesses as a total quality management (TQM) element. (6) [40]

QUESTION 4: MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS

4.1 State any FOUR consumer rights as stipulated in the National Credit Act (NCA), 2005 (Act 34 of 2005). (4)

4.2 Identify the force of Porter's Five Forces model that applies to Louisa's Hair Salon in EACH statement below:

4.2.1 Lwazi opened a new hair salon across the street offering services at lower prices than Louisa's Hair Salon.

4.2.2 Louisa's Hair Salon is highly profitable and attracts many new entrepreneurs to enter this market. (4)

4.3. Explain TWO types of defensive strategies. (6)

4.4 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

MAJEED CONSTRUCTION (MC)

Majeed Construction ensures that accidents and illnesses that occur in the workplace are reported immediately.

4.4.1 Identify the Act that is applicable to the scenario above. (2)

4.4.2 Advise the management of MC on any other TWO ways in which they can comply with the Act identified in QUESTION 4.4.1. (4)

BUSINESS OPERATIONS

4.5 You have appointed a new employee who needs to be inducted.

4.5.1 State TWO aspects that should be included in an induction programme. (2)

4.5.2 Outline the benefits of induction for businesses. (4)

4.6 Explain the placement procedure as a human resource activity. (4)

4.7 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

PETER SHOES LIMITED (PSL)

The management of Peter Shoes Limited continuously improves on their processes and systems. Management always requests quality circles to investigate problems that relate to poor-quality products. Quality circles also increase productivity through regular reviewing of quality processes.

4.7.1 Quote TWO roles of quality circles as part of the continuous improvement to processes and systems in the scenario above. (2)

4.7.2 Explain other roles of quality circles as part of the continuous improvement to processes and systems. (4)

4.8 Suggest ways in which total quality management (TQM) can reduce the cost of quality. (4)

SECTION C (Answer ANY ONE question in this section)

NOTE: Clearly indicate the QUESTION NUMBER of the chosen question.

answer to EACH question must start on a NEW page, e.g. QUESTION 5

a NEW page OR QUESTION 6 on a NEW page.

QUESTION 5: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS (LEGISLATION)

The Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA), 1997 (Act 75 of 1997) was introduced to redress the imbalances of the past. The provisions of the BCEA protect employees and provide guidelines to employers on how they should comply with this Act. Businesses may face penalties for non-compliance with the BCEA.

Write an essay on the BCEA in which you include the following aspects:

• Outline the purpose of the BCEA.

• Explain the following provisions of this Act:

Annual leave

Hours of work/Work hours

Child and forced labour

• Discuss the impact of the BCEA on businesses.

• Advise businesses on penalties that they may face for non-compliance with this Act.

QUESTION 6: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS (HUMAN RESOURCES FUNCTION)

Delta Manufacturers has a vacancy for a sales executive. The human resources manager implemented the selection procedure after compiling a job analysis. Prospective candidates were invited for an interview. Fringe benefits were offered to the successful candidate.

Write an essay on the BCEA in which you include the following aspects:

• Outline the selection procedure as a human resource activity.

• Explain the TWO components of job analysis.

• Discuss the role of the interviewee during the interview.

• Evaluate the impact of fringe benefits on Delta Manufacturers as a business.

TOTAL SECTION C: 40

TOTAL: 150

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

There is only ONE correct answer in SECTION A.

Take note of other responses provided by candidates, that are relevant within the context of a particular question, and allocate marks accordingly. (In cases where the answer is unclear or indicates some understanding, partmarks should be awarded, for example, one mark instead of the maximum of two marks.)

Candidates' responses must be in full sentences for SECTIONS B and C. However, this would depend on the nature of the question.

Correct numbering of answers to questions or sub questions is recommended in SECTIONS A and B. However, if the numbering is incorrect, the sequence of the candidate's responses will be followed. Candidates will be penalised if the latter is not clear.

No additional credit will be given for repetition of facts.

Mark only the FIRST answer where candidates offer more than one answer for SECTION B and C questions that require one answer. If for example, FIVE facts are required, mark the candidate's FIRST FIVE responses.

The breakdown of the mark allocation for the essays is as follows:

Layout/Structure Is there an introduction, a body, and a conclusion?

Analysis and interpretation Is the candidate able to break down the question into headings/subheadings/interpret it correctly to show understanding of what is being asked?

(2)

(2)

Synthesis Are there relevant decisions/facts/responses made based on the questions? (2)

Originality Is there evidence of one example per topic/ subtopic based on recent information, current trends and developments not older than one (1) year?

(2)

TOTAL FOR INSIGHT: 8

TOTAL MARKS FOR FACTS: 32

TOTAL: 40

SECTION B

2: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS

in strategy evaluation

NOTE:

1. No marks will be awarded for contents repeated from the introduction and conclusion.

2. The candidate forfeits marks for layout if the words INTRODUCTION and CONCLUSION are not stated.

3. No marks will be awarded for layout, if the

of the Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/

Matric Q&A

2.3 Challenges of business environments and the extent of control

2.3.1

Challenges Business Environments Extent of Control

1. GTE could not export their products to other countries during the forced lockdown period.

2. Some of their essential employees requested to work from home due to the negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.

3. Sally Manufacturers delayed the distribution of personal protective equipment to GTE.

Submax

Macro

No control

Micro/Macro

Full control/No control

2.4.2 Skills development

• Businesses must engage black employees√ in skills development initiatives.√

• Provide learnerships/Learning programmes√ to black employees. √

• Business must contribute 1% of their payroll√ to fund the skills development programmes. √

• Businesses could benefit from the increased√ pool of skilled/ trained workers. √

• Businesses must go the extra mile to train staff√ where learnerships are not offered. √

• Productivity is compromised as mentors/coaches have to find the time√ to participate in learnerships/training. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the implications of skills development as a BBBEE pillar for businesses.

2.5 Legislation

Market

Partial/Some/Limited/ Less/Little control

NOTE:

1. Mark the first challenge for each environment only.

2. If the business environment is not linked to the challenge, mark the challenge only.

3. Award full marks for the business environment even if the challenge is not quoted in full.

4. The extent of control must be linked to the business environment.

5. Do not award marks for the extent of control if the business environment is not mentioned.

6. Accept responses in any order.

2.4 Implications of management control and skills development as BBBEE pillars for businesses

2.4.1 Management control

Max (9)

• Businesses must ensure that transformation is implemented√ at all levels.√

• Appoint black people√ in senior executive positions/to management.√

• Involve black people√ in the strategic decision-making processes. √

• Ensure that black females are represented√ in management.√

• Businesses score points in management when selling more than 25% of their shares√ to black investors so that some of them can become directors. √

• Due to a shortage of skilled black managers/directors√, some businesses find it difficult to make appointments.√

• Businesses are directly penalised√ for not implementing this pillar. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the implication of management control as a BBBEE pillar for businesses.

Max (4)

Max (4)

2.5.1 Labour Relations Act/LRA√√ (2)

Motivation

Martha, an employee at Cindy Bottle Suppliers, was unfairly dismissed for late coming due to road closures because of a service delivery protest/She referred the matter to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) as she was not happy with her dismissal. √ (1)

NOTE: Do not award marks for the motivation if the Act was incorrectly identified.

Max (3)

2.5.2 Other actions regarded as discriminatory according to the LRA

• Preventing employees√ from joining trade unions. √

• Refusing the establishment√ of workplace forums. √

• Forcing employees to give up√ trade union membership.√

• Not allowing employees√ to take part in legal strikes.√/Not adhering to the right of employees√ to strike when legalised.√

• Cancellation of employees' contract by a new employer√ when a business is sold.√

• Refusing to give workplace forum members time off√ with pay for attending meetings during working hours.√

• Refusing leave to trade union representatives√ to attend trade union activities.√

• Breaching of collective agreements/resolution mechanisms√ by employer/employee.√

• Any other relevant answer related to other actions that could be regarded as discriminatory according to the LRA.

NOTE:

1. Do not award marks for responses that were quoted from the scenario in QUESTION 2.5.1.

2. Accept relevant facts if the Act was incorrectly identified as an answer in QUESTION 2.5.1.

Max (4)

2.6 Ways in which businesses could deal with challenges posed by the technological and environmental factors of the PESTLE analysis

2.6.1 Technological

• Continuous research on the latest available technology/ equipment in the market. √√

• Train existing/appoint new employees to maintain/use new equipment. √√

• Compare prices/Select suitable suppliers for new equipment at reasonable prices.√√

• Businesses must be geared for online trading/e-commerce.√√

Q&A

• Any other relevant answer

deal

2.6.2 Environmental

• Chemicals/Ingredients

inform

• Implement cost-effective

• Implement recycling measures

Max

be clearly indicated on

re-usable/recyclable.√√

• Any other relevant answer related to ways in which

could deal with

PESTLE factor.

environmental

Max

BREAKDOWN OF MARKS

QUESTION 2 MARKS

determination methods

Piecemeal Time-related

• Workers are paid according to the number√ of items/units produced /action performed.√

• Workers are not remunerated for the number of hours worked,√ regardless of how long it takes them to make the items.√

• Mostly used in factories√ particularly in the textile/ technology industries.√

• Any other relevant answer related to piecemeal as a salary determination method.

NOTE:

• Workers are paid according to the amount of time/hours√ they spend at work/on a task.√

• Workers with the same experience/qualifications√ are paid on salary scales regardless of the amount of work done.√

• Many private and public sector businesses√ use this method.√

• Any other relevant answer related to time-related as a salary determination method.

Submax (2) Submax (2)

1. The answer does not have to be in tabular format.

2. The difference does not have to link, but must be clear.

3. Award a maximum of TWO (2) marks if the difference is not clear/Mark either piecemeal or time-related salary determination methods only.

3.3 Reasons for the termination of an employment contract

Max (4)

• The employer may dismiss an employee for valid reason(s)√, e.g. unsatisfactory job performance, misconduct√, etc.

• Employer may no longer have work√ for redundant employees/ cannot fulfil the contract/is restructuring. √

• The employer may retrench√ some employees due to insolvency√/ may not be able to pay√ the employees. √

• Employees decided to leave√ by resigning voluntarily for better job opportunities.√

QUESTION 3: BUSINESS OPERATIONS

3.1 Aspects that should be included in an

• Personal details of the employee.

contract

• Details of the business/employer e.g. name/address√,

• Job title/Position.√

description

specification

of

where the

Hours of work,

Remuneration,

Benefits/Fringe benefits/Perks/Allowances.

Leave, e.g.

leave.

• Employee deductions (compulsory/non-compulsory).

• Period of contract/Details of termination.

• Probation period.

• Signatures of both the employer and employee.

• List of documents that form part of the contract,

of conduct/ethics.

• Disciplinary policy, e.g. rules and disciplinary procedure

unacceptable behaviour.

• Any other relevant answer related to aspects that should be included

an employment contract.

NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2)

3.2 Difference between piecemeal and time-related salary

• An employee may have reached the pre-determined age√ for retirement.√

• Incapacity to work√ due to illness/injuries.√

• The duration of the employment contract√ expires/comes to an end√.

• By mutual agreement√ between the employer and employee. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the reasons for the termination of an employment contract.

Max (6)

3.4 Recruitment

3.4.1 Type of recruitment from the scenario Internal recruitment√√ (2)

3.4.2 Impact of internal recruitment on businesses Positives/Advantages

• Cheaper/Quicker to fill√ the post.√

• Placement is easy√, as management knows the employees' skills/personality/ experience/strengths.√

• Provides opportunities for career paths√ within the business.√

• The employee already has an understanding of how the business operates√, induction/training is not always necessary. √

• Reduces the chances of losing employees√, as future career prospects are available. √

• Detailed, reliable information can be obtained√ from the supervisors/employee records.√

• Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/ advantages of internal recruitment on businesses.

AND/OR Negatives/Disadvantages

• Current employees may not bring new ideas√ into the business. √

• Promoting a current employee may cause resentment√ amongst other employees. √

• Promotion may disrupt business operations √ as it creates open vacancies that need to be filled. √

• The number of applicants is limited√ to current staff only.√

• Employees who do not really have the required skills for the new job√ may be promoted.√

• Current employees may need to be trained/developed√ before they can be promoted, which can be expensive.√

• Staff that is not promoted may feel demotivated√ which may hamper productivity.√

• Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/ disadvantages of internal recruitment on businesses.

NOTE: Accept relevant facts if the recruitment method was incorrectly identified as an answer in QUESTION 3.4.1.

3.5 Benefits of a good quality management system

Max (6)

• Effective customer services will be rendered, resulting in increased customer satisfaction.√√

• Time and resources are also used efficiently.√√

• Productivity increases through proper time management and using high quality resources.√√

• Products/Services are constantly improving.√√

• Vision and mission/Business goals may be achieved.√√

• The business may achieve a competitive advantage over its competitors.√√

• Regular training will continuously improve the quality of employees' skills/ knowledge.√√

• Employers and employees will have a healthy working relationship which generally results in happy workers.√√

• Increased market share/profitability may result in business growth/ expansion. √√

• Improved business image, as there are less defects/faulty products/ returns. √√

• Any other relevant answer related to benefits of a good quality management system.

NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only. (2 x 2) (4)

3.6 Quality indicators of the financial function

• Obtain capital√ from the most suitable/available/reliable sources.√

• Negotiate better interest rates√ in order to keep financial cost down. √

• Draw up budgets√ to ensure sufficient application of monetary resources. √

• Keep financial records up to date √ to ensure timely/accurate tax payments. √

• Analyse strategies√ to increase profitability. √

• Invest surplus funds√ to create sources of passive income. √

• Implement financial control measures/systems√ to prevent fraud. √

• Implement credit granting/debt collecting policies√ to monitor cash flow. √

• Draw up accurate financial statements√ timeously/regularly. √

• Accurately analyse and interpret√ financial information.√

• Invest in strategies that will assist the business√ to remain profitable. √

• Avoid over/under-capitalisation√ so that financial resources will be utilised effectively. √

• Any other relevant answers related to the quality indicators of the financial function.

Max (4)

3.7 Quality concepts from the scenario

Quality Concepts Motivations

1. Quality assurance √√ Excel Carpet Manufacturers checks the quality of their carpets during and after the production process. √

2. Quality management √√ The chief executive officer (CEO) of ECM uses different techniques to improve on the quality of their product. √

NOTE:

Submax (4) Submax (2)

1. The answer does not have to be in tabular format.

2. Award marks for the quality concepts even if the quotes were incomplete.

3. Do not award marks for the motivations if the quality concepts were incorrectly identified.

Max (6)

3.8 Impact of total client/customer satisfaction as a TQM element on large businesses

Positives/Advantages

• Large businesses use market research/customer surveys√ to measure/ monitor customer satisfaction/analyse customers' needs. √

• Continuously promote√ a positive company image. √

• May achieve a state of total client/customer satisfaction√, if businesses follow sound business practices that incorporate all stakeholders. √

• Strive to understand and fulfil customer expectations√ by aligning cross-functional teams across critical processes. √

• Ensures that cross-functional teams understand their core competencies√ and develop/strengthen it. √

• May lead to higher customer retention/loyalty√ and businesses may be able to charge higher prices. √

• Large businesses may be able to gain access√ to the global market. √

• May lead to increased √ competitiveness/profitability. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/advantages of total client/customer satisfaction as a TQM element on large businesses.

AND/OR

Negatives/Disadvantages

• Employees who seldom come into contact with customers√ often do not have a clear idea of what will satisfy their needs. √

• Monopolistic companies have an increased bargaining power√ so they do not necessarily have to please customers. √

• Not all employees may be involved /committed√ to total client/ customer satisfaction.√

• Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/ disadvantages of total client/customer satisfaction as a TQM element on large businesses.

Max (6) [40]

Department

Basic Education.

Matric Questions and Memoranda

Matric Q&A

QUESTION 4: MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS

4.1 Consumer rights as stipulated in the NCA

Consumers have a right to:

• Apply for credit and to be free from discrimination. √

• Obtain reasons for credit being refused. √

• Receive pre-agreement documentation before concluding any credit transaction. √

• Fair and responsible marketing. √

• Surrender/Return goods to the credit provider in order to settle the outstanding amount/debt. √

• Apply for debt review/counselling if the consumers cannot afford to repay their debts. √

• Receive information in plain and understandable language. √

• Receive documents/statements as required by the Act. √

• Access and challenge credit records and information. √

• Receive protection of their personal information. √

• Receive protection from being held accountable for the use of their credit facility after they reported the loss/theft. √

• Refuse a credit limit increase. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the consumer rights as stipulated in the NCA.

NOTE: Mark the first FOUR (4) only. (4 x 1) (4)

4.2 Porter's Five Forces from given statements

4.2.1 The power of competitors/Competitive rivalry. √√

4.2.2 Threat of new entrants to the market. √√ (4)

4.3 Types of defensive strategies

Divestiture/Divestment √√

• Disposing/Selling some assets/divisions that are no longer profitable/ productive. √

• Selling off divisions/product lines with slow growth potential. √

• Decreasing the number of shareholders by selling ownership. √

• Paying off debts by selling unproductive assets. √

• Withdrawing their investment share in another business (divesting). √

• Any other relevant answer related to divestiture/divestment as a defensive strategy.

Strategy (2) Explanation (1) Submax (3)

4.4 Legislation

4.4.1 Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act/COIDA √√ (2)

4.4.2 Other ways to comply with COIDA

• MC should provide a healthy/safe working environment. √√

• Register with the Compensation Commissioner and provide the particulars of the business. √√

• Keep records of employees' income and details of work for four years. √√

• Submits returns of earnings not later than 1 March annually. √√

• Levies must be paid to the Compensation Fund. √√

• Ensure that the premises/equipment/machinery is in good working condition. √√

• Allow regular assessment of the workplace by inspectors in order to determine the level of risk their employees are exposed to. √√

• Employers may not make deductions for COIDA from employees' remuneration packages. √√

• MC must ensure that claims are lodged within twelve months of the date of the accident. √√

• Any other relevant answer related to any other ways in which MC/businesses can comply with COIDA.

NOTE:

1. Mark the first TWO (2) only

2. Accept relevant facts if the Act was incorrectly identified as an answer in QUESTION 4.4.1 (2 x 2) (4)

BUSINESS OPERATIONS

4.5 Human resources function

4.5.1 Aspects that should be included in an induction programme

• Safety regulations and rules. √

• Overview of the business. √

• Information about the business products/services. √

• Meeting with senior management who will explain the company's vision/values/job descriptions/daily tasks. √

• Tour of the premises. √

• Introduction to key people and close colleagues. √

• Conditions of employment, e.g. working hours/leave application process/ disciplinary procedures√, etc.

• Administration details on systems/processes/logistics. √

Retrenchment √√

• Terminating the employment contracts of employees for operational reasons. √

• Decreasing the number of product lines/Closing certain departments may result in some workers becoming redundant. √

• Any other relevant answer related to retrenchment as a defensive strategy.

Strategy (2)

Explanation (1) Submax (3)

Liquidation √√

• Selling all assets to pay creditors due to a lack of capital. √

• Selling the entire business in order to pay shareholders a fair price for their shares. √

• Allowing creditors to apply for forced liquidation in order to have their claims settled. √

• Any other relevant answer related to liquidation as a defensive strategy.

Strategy (2) Explanation (1) Submax (3)

NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only. Max (6)

• Discussion of the employment contract and conditions of service. √

• Discussion on personnel policies, e.g. making private phone calls/using the internet √, etc.

• Discussion on employee benefits. √

• Corporate social responsibility programmes. √

• Any other relevant answer related to aspects that should be included in an induction programme.

NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only (2 x 1) (2)

4.5.2 Benefits of induction for businesses

• Allows new employees to settle in quickly and work effectively. √√

• Ensures that new employees understand rules and restrictions in the business.√√

• New employees may establish relationships with fellow employees at different levels. √√

• Make new employees feel at ease in the workplace, which reduces anxiety/ insecurity/fear. √√

• The results obtained during the induction process provide a base for focused training. √√

• Increases quality of performance/productivity. √√

• Minimises the need for on-going training and development. √√

• Employees will be familiar with organisational structures, e.g. who are their supervisors/low-level managers. √√

• Opportunities are created for new employees to experience/ explore different departments. √√

• New employees will understand their role/responsibilities concerning safety regulations and rules. √√

• New employees will know the layout of the building/factory/ offices/where everything is, which saves production time. √√

• Learn more about the business so that new employees understand their roles/responsibilities in order to be more efficient. √√

• Company policies are communicated, regarding conduct and procedures/safety and security/employment contract/ conditions of employment/working hours/leave. √√

• Realistic expectations for new employees as well as the business are created. √√

• New employees may feel part of the team resulting in positive morale and motivation. √√

• Employees may have a better understanding of business policies regarding ethical/professional conduct/procedures/ CSR, √√ etc.

• Reduces the staff turnover as new employees have been inducted properly. √√

• Any other relevant answer related to the benefits of induction for businesses.

4.6 Placement procedure

Max (4)

• Businesses should outline the specific responsibilities of the new position√, including the expectations/skills required for this position. √

• Determine the successful candidate's strengths/weaknesses/ interests/skills√ by subjecting him/her to a range of psychometric tests. √

• Determine the relationship between the position√ and the competencies of the new candidate. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the placement procedure as a human resource activity.

Max (4)

• Reduce costs/wasteful efforts√ in the long run. √

• Increase the demand√ for products/services of the business. √

• Create harmony√ and high performance in the workplace. √

• Build a healthy workplace relationship√ between the employer and employee. √

• Improve employees' loyalty and commitment√ to the business and its goals. √

• Improve employees' communication√ at all levels of the business. √

• Develop a positive attitude/sense of involvement in decision making processes√ of the services offered. √

• Any other relevant answer related to other roles of quality circles as part of continuous improvement to processes and systems.

NOTE: Do not award marks for responses that were quoted from the scenario in QUESTION 4.7.1.

4.8 Ways in which TQM can reduce the cost of quality

Max (4)

• Introduce quality circles/small teams of five to 10 employees, who meet regularly to discuss ways of improving the quality of their work. √√

• Schedule activities to eliminate duplication of tasks/activities. √√

• Share responsibility for quality output between management and workers. √√

• Train employees at all levels, so that everyone understands their role in quality management. √√

• Develop work systems that empower employees to find new ways of improving quality. √√

• Work closely with suppliers to improve the quality of raw materials/ inputs. √√

• Improve communication about the quality challenges/deviations, so that everyone can learn from past experiences. √√

• Reduce investment on expensive, but ineffective inspection procedures in the production process. √√

• Implement pro-active maintenance programmes for equipment/ machinery to reduce/eliminate breakdowns. √√

• Any other relevant answer related to ways in which TQM can reduce the cost of quality.

Max (4) [40]

OF MARKS

4.7 Quality circles

4.7.1 Roles of quality circles as part of continuous improvement to processes and systems from the scenario

• Management always requests quality circles to investigate problems that relate to poor-quality products. √

• Quality circles also increase productivity through the regular reviews of quality processes.

NOTE:

1. Mark the first TWO (2) only.

2. Only award marks for responses that are quoted from the scenario.

(2 x 1) (2)

4.7.2 Other roles of quality circles as part of continuous improvement to processes and systems

• They solve problems related to quality √ and implement improvements. √

• Ensure that there is no duplication √ of activities/tasks in the workplace. √

• Monitor/Reinforce strategies√ to improve the smooth running of business operations. √

• Reduce costs of redundancy√ in the long run. √

• Contribute towards the improvement √ and development of the organisation. √

MARKS

4 MARKS

The

with the endorsement of the Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/

Matric Q&A

SECTION C

Mark the FIRST question only.

QUESTION 5: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS (LEGISLATION)

5.1 Introduction

• The Basic Conditions of Employment Act informs the contract between the employer and employee as it provides the minimum conditions for employment. √

• This Act provides protection for employees so that they will not be exploited by the business. √

• BCEA provides guidelines for provisions to be adhered to by employers in the workplace. √

• Penalties/Consequences for non-compliance encourage businesses to comply with this Act. √

• Any other relevant introduction related to the purpose/provisions/ impact of the BCEA/penalties for non-compliance.

Any (2 x 1) (2)

Child and forced labour

• It is illegal to employ a child√ younger than 15 years of age. √

• Businesses may employ children over the age of 15 years√, if employment is not harmful to their health/wellbeing education/moral/ social development. √

• Children/Minors under 18 years of age√ may not do dangerous work/ work meant for an adult. √

• Forcing someone to work√ is also illegal. √

• Any other relevant answer related to child and forced labour as a provision of the BCEA.

Submax (4) Max (12)

5.4 Impact of the BCEA on businesses

Positives/Advantages

• Creates a framework√ of acceptable employment practices e.g., work hours, leave, √ etc.

• Promotes fair treatment√ of employees in the workplace. √

• Encourages consultation√ between employers and employees. √

• Outlines minimum requirements√ that form the basis of employment contracts. √

5.2 Purpose of the BCEA

• Provides clear terms and conditions of employment for employers and employees.√√

• Sets minimum requirements/standards for the employment contract.√√

• Regulates the right to fair labour practices as set out in the Constitution.√√

• Adheres to the rules and regulations set out by the International Labour Organisation.√√

• Regulates the variations of basic conditions of employment.√√

• Advances economic development and social justice.√√

• Any other relevant answer related to the purpose of the BCEA. Max (10)

5.3 Provisions of the BCEA Annual leave

• Workers are entitled to 21 consecutive days annual leave per year or one day for every 17 days worked√, one hour for every 17 hours worked. √

• An employer can only pay a worker in lieu/instead of granting leave√ if that worker leaves the job/ terminates the employment contract. √

• Annual leave must be granted within six (6) months√ after the leave cycle ended. √

• Any other relevant answer related to annual leave as a provision of the BCEA.

Hours of work/Work hours

Submax (4)

• Workers may not work for more than 45 hours√ in a week.√

• Workers may work nine hours a day√ if they work five days or less per week√

• Workers may work eight hours a day√ if they work more than five days a week.√

• Night work performed after 18:00 and before 06:00 the next day by agreement√, must be compensated by allowance/reduction of work hours.√

• Ordinary work hours may be extended by agreement√ by a maximum of 15 minutes per day/maximum of 60 minutes per week to complete duties when serving the public. √

• Ordinary work hours may be reduced√ to a maximum of 40 hours per week/ 8 hours per day. √

• Any other relevant answer related to hours of work/work hours as a provision of the BCEA.

Submax (4)

• Work hours are specified√ so that the employer cannot exploit employees. √

• The rules and regulations are very specific√, which clearly guides the employer on how to deal with employment issues. √

• Employees are permitted to consult labour unions√ in cases where the BCEA conditions are violated. √

• Employees may submit complaints√ to labour inspectors who can address it. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/advantages of the BCEA on businesses.

AND/OR

Negatives/Disadvantages

• Developing/Drafting a formal/legal employment contract√ may be time-consuming/costly. √

• Businesses may regard employment contracts as negative and may not implement it√, which results in non-compliance/penalties.√

• No employer may force an employee to work more than 45 hours in a week√ as this may result in reduced productivity. √

• Hiring cheap labour is no longer possible√, so businesses cannot exploit workers.√

• BCEA forces businesses to comply with many legal requirements√, which may increase labour costs. √

• Businesses not complying with the Act, may be charged with high penalties√, which may affect their cash flow negatively. √

• Businesses may consider the provisions of the BCEA as unimportant/ an unnecessary administrative burden√ that increase operating costs. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/ disadvantages of the BCEA on businesses.

5.5 Penalties for non-compliance to the BCEA

Max (14)

• Labour inspectors may serve a compliance order by writing to the Department of Labour. √√

• The Director General may agree/change/cancel the compliance order. √√

• Labour inspectors may investigate/inspect/ask questions about complaints and remove records as evidence. √√

• Businesses may be taken to the labour court for a ruling. √√

• Businesses that are found guilty of non-compliance may face heavy fines/ penalties. √√

• They can be ordered to pay compensation and damages to the employee. √√

• Any other relevant answer related to penalties that businesses may face for non-compliance to the BCEA.

Max (10)

Conclusion

of

of

display

to comply with

other relevant conclusion

BCEA/penalties

QUESTION 5: BREAKDOWN OF MARKS

each

2 marks if all requirements

1 mark if some requirements

where

QUESTION 6: BUSINESS OPERATIONS (HUMAN RESOURCES FUNCTION)

human resources

job analysis assists businesses in identifying the details of the

of the candidate.√

The human resources manager should be able to appoint the best candidate if the interviewing process is properly conducted.√

benefits are offered to employees regardless of regular wages/salaries.

other relevant introduction related to the selection procedure/ components of job analysis/role of the interviewee during the interview/impact of fringe benefits on a business.

fair assessment

•

• Applicants must submit the application forms/curriculum vitae and certified copies of personal documents/IDs/proof of qualifications√√, etc.

• Sort the received documents/CVs according to the assessment/ selection criteria. √√

• Screen/Determine which applications meet the minimum job requirements and separate these from the rest. √√

• Preliminary interviews are conducted if many suitable applications were received. √√

• Reference checks should be made to verify the content of CVs, e.g. contact previous employers to check work experience. √√

• Compile a shortlist of potential candidates identified. √√

• Shortlisted candidates may be subjected to various types of selection tests e.g. skills tests, √√ etc.

• Invite shortlisted candidates for an interview. √√

• A written offer is made to the selected candidate. √√

• Inform unsuccessful applicants about the outcome of their application./ Some adverts indicate the deadline for informing only successful candidates. √√

• Any other relevant answer related to the selection procedure as a human resource activity.

OR Option 2

• Receive documentation, e.g. application forms and sort it according to the criteria of the job. √√

• Evaluate CVs and create a shortlist/Screen the applicants. √√

• Check information in the CVs and contact references. √√

• Conduct preliminary sifting interviews to identify applicants who are not suitable for the job, although they meet all requirements. √√

• Assess/Test candidates who have applied for senior positions/to ensure the best candidate is chosen. √√

• Conduct interviews with shortlisted candidates. √√

• Offer employment in writing to the selected candidate(s). √√

• Any other relevant answer related to the selection procedure as a human resource activity.

NOTE: The procedure may be in any order.

6.3 Components of job analysis

Job description √√

• Describes the duties/responsibilities √ of a specific job √.

Max (12)

• Written description of the job√ and its requirements√/Summary√ of the nature/type of the job. √

• Describes key performance areas/tasks for a specific job. √ e.g. job title/ working conditions/relationship of the job with other jobs in the business. √

• Any other relevant answer related to job description as a component of job analysis.

Component (2)

Explanation (4) Submax (6)

Job specification √√

• Describes the minimum acceptable personal qualities/skills/ qualifications√ needed for the job. √

• Written description of specific qualifications/skills/experience √ needed for the job. √

• Describes key requirements for the person who will fill the position, √ e.g. formal qualifications/willingness to travel/work unusual hours, √

• Any other relevant answer related to job specification as a component of job analysis.

Component (2) Explanation (4) Submax (6)

NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only.

Max (12)

Matric Q&A

6.4 Role of the interviewee during the interview

• Greet the interviewer by name√ with a solid handshake and a friendly smile. √

• Listen carefully to the questions√ before responding. √

• Make eye contact√ and have good posture/body language. √

• Show confidence√ and have a positive attitude/be assertive. √

• Be inquisitive√ and show interest in the business. √

• Ask clarity√ seeking questions. √

• Show respect√ and treat the interview with its due importance. √

• Be honest about mistakes√ and explain how you dealt with it. √

• Know your strengths and weaknesses √ and be prepared to discuss it. √

• Thank the interviewer for the opportunity given√ to be part of the interview. √

• Any other relevant answer related to role of the interviewee during the interview.

Max

•

6.5 Impact of fringe benefits on a business Positives/Advantages

• Attractive fringe benefit packages√ may result in higher employee retention/reduces employee turnover. √

• Attracts qualified/skilled/experienced employees√ who may positively contribute towards the business goals/objectives. √

• Improves productivity√ resulting in higher profitability. √

• It increases employee satisfaction/loyalty√ as they may be willing to go the extra mile. √

• Delta Manufacturers save money√ as benefits are tax deductible. √

• Fringe benefits can be used as leverage√ for salary negotiations. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/advantages of fringe benefits on Delta Manufacturers/a business.

AND/OR

Negatives/Disadvantages

• A business which cannot offer fringe benefits√ fails to attract skilled workers. √

• A business which offers employees different benefit plans may create resentment√ to those who receive less benefit resulting in lower productivity. √

• It can create conflict/lead to corruption√ if allocated unfairly. √

• Fringe benefits are additional costs√ that may result in cash flow problems. √

• Decreases business profits√, as incentive/package/remuneration costs are higher. √

• Administrative costs increase√ as benefits need to be correctly recorded for tax purposes. √

• Workers only stay with the business for fringe benefits√, and may not be committed/loyal to the tasks/business. √

• Delta Manufacturers has to pay advisors/attorneys√ to help them create benefit plans that comply with legislation. √

• Errors in benefit plans√ may lead to costly lawsuits/regulatory fines. √

• Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/ disadvantages of fringe benefits on Delta Manufacturers/a business.

Max (12)

• A clear job analysis enables the human resources manager to select the best candidate from those who apply for the job. √√

• The goal and objectives of businesses cannot be achieved without qualified and skilled employees. √√

• A well-organised interview process will result in identifying and

QUESTION 6: BREAKDOWN OF MARKS

DETAILS

Role

Impact

LASO

each component:

marks if

mark

some

marks where

Matric Q&A

SECTION A (COMPULSORY)

QUESTION 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.6 D.

1.1.1 This form of investment requires a minimum amount of R1 000 to be invested:

A Unit trusts

B Shares

C RSA Retail Savings Bonds

D Fixed deposits

1.1.2 KDG Insurers applied the principle of … when they compensated Gerald Trading for losses incurred due to a burglary.

A utmost good faith

B indemnification

C security

D insurable interest

1.1.3 Henko handled the feedback session in a professional manner when he…

A responded to questions without listening.

B ignored a valid comment from the audience. C addressed the person and not the question.

D responded politely to questions from the audience.

1.1.4 Food For All Ltd has identified … as one of their corporate social investment (CSI) focus areas.

A business ethics

B rural development

C health and safety

D employment equity

1.1.5 A grievance procedure requires an aggrieved employee to first report the matter to his/her …

A supervisor.

B shop steward.

C senior management.

D trade union. (5 x 2) (10)

1.2. Complete the following statements by using the word(s) provided in the list below. Write only the word(s) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

non-profit company; information; misleading; blue chip; privacy; co-operative; decision-making; founders'; unfair; problem-solving

1.2.1 The shareholders of … shares are the last to be paid when the company is declared bankrupt.

1.2.2 Tim Vegetables and Anna Fertilisers decided to work together towards the mutual benefit of their members. This is an example of a …

1.2.3 Roxy Incorporated respects the employees' right to … by not providing their personal information to other businesses.

1.2.4 An example of … advertising is demonstrated when an advertisement excludes some sections of the population.

1.2.5

The practice where various alternatives are considered before choosing the best solution is known as … (5 x 2) (10)

1.3. Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches a term in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–J) next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.3.6 K.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1.3.1 Charismatic leadership style A guides businesses on how to allocate tasks to team members with similar personality traits

1.3.2 Road Accident Fund B team members share their ideas aloud in a group

1.3.3 Graphs C leaders reward employees for meeting targets

1.3.4 Nominal group technique D shows the appearance of data in a schematic representation

1.3.5 Team dynamic theories E compensates pedestrians for injuries sustained due to negligent drivers

F show the relationship between two sets of variables

G leaders use their personality to inspire and motivate employees

H guide businesses on how to allocate tasks according to the roles of team members

I team members silently generate ideas on their own before sharing them with other group members

J compensates employees for injuries sustained in the workplace

(5 x 2) (10)

TOTAL SECTION A: 30

SECTION B

Answer ANY TWO questions in this section.

NOTE: Clearly indicate the QUESTION NUMBER of each question that you choose. The answer to EACH question must start on a NEW page, e.g. QUESTION 2 on a NEW page, QUESTION 3 on a NEW page.

QUESTION 2: BUSINESS VENTURES

2.1 State any THREE examples of non-insurable risks. (3)

2.2 Outline the functions of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE). (6)

2.3 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

YABO TRADERS (YT)

Yabo Traders insured their business vehicle for R300 000 while the actual value is R400 000. The vehicle was involved in an accident, resulting in damage to the amount of R30 000.

2.3.1 Name the insurance clause that is applicable to YT in the scenario above. (2)

2.3.2 Calculate the amount that Yabo Traders should receive as compensation from the insurer. Show ALL workings. (4)

2.4 Explain the difference between limited liability and unlimited liability (4)

2.5 Discuss the role of personal attitude in successful leadership. (6)

papers

2.6 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

NAVEED MANUFACTURERS (NM)

Mohammed is a newly appointed manager at Naveed Manufacturers. He requested his employees to give input on how they could reduce NM's production costs.

2.6.1 Identify the leadership style used by Mohammed. Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario above. (3)

2.6.2 Suggest THREE situations in which the leadership style identified in QUESTION 2.6.1 can be applied in the workplace. (6)

2.7 Evaluate the impact of video conferencing as a visual aid. (6) [40]

QUESTION 3: BUSINESS ROLES

3.1 Name THREE King Code principles for good corporate governance. (3)

3.2 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

GIANT ENTERPRISE (GE)

Candice, the team leader at Giant Enterprise, wants to resolve the conflict in her sales team. Team members constantly criticise each other's ideas, which delays their progress.

3.2.1 Identify the stage of team development that the sales team is experiencing. Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario above. (3)

3.2.2 Advise Candice on how she could handle conflict in the workplace. (6)

3.3 Explain how abuse of work time poses challenges to businesses. (6)

3.4 Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.

ASANDA DAIRIES (AD)

Asanda Dairies invested some of their surplus funds in the community. They offer bursaries to previously disadvantaged students. AD also uses recycled containers to package their dairy products.

Identify any TWO elements of the triple bottom line, applicable to AD. Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario above.

Use the table below as a GUIDE to answer QUESTION 3.4.

TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE MOTIVATIONS ELEMENTS

3.5 Explain ways in which businesses could contribute time and effort to improve the wellbeing of their employees.

3.6 Discuss the advantages of the Delphi technique in solving complex business problems.

Recommend ways in which businesses could protect the environment and human health in the workplace.

Matric Q&A

QUESTION 4: MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS –BUSINESS VENTURES

4.1 Name any TWO types of leadership theories. (2)

4.2 Identify the type of preference share offered by Theta Limited to shareholders in EACH statement below.

4.2.1 Shareholders can sell their shares back to Theta Limited after a certain period of time.

4.2.2 Past dividends which were not paid out due to low profits will not be compensated.

4.2.3 Shareholders are entitled to share in any surplus profit of the company. (6)

4.3 Explain the advantages of insurance for businesses. (4)

4.4 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

TRIO ENTERPRISE (TE)

Zama, the marketing manager of Trio Enterprise, is preparing to present a business report to the stakeholders. He is fully conversant with the objectives of the presentation. Zama also created visual aids that will support and enhance his information.

4.4.1 Quote TWO factors that Zama considered when preparing for his presentation in the scenario above. (2)

4.4.2 Advise Zama on the factors that he must consider while presenting. (6)

BUSINESS ROLES

4.5 Name any THREE social rights of employees in the workplace. (3)

4.6 Elaborate on the meaning of communication as one of the criteria for successful team performance. (4)

4.7 Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

JACOB CONSTRUCTIONS (JC)

The management of Jacob Constructions wants to change the structure of their business. They asked employees to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed change. Employees were encouraged to apply creative thinking skills when discussing the change.

4.7.1 Identify the problem-solving technique applied by JC. Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario above. (3)

4.7.2 Explain the advantages of creative thinking in the workplace. (4)

4.8 Suggest ways in which businesses could deal with unemployment as a socio-economic issue. (6)

TOTAL SECTION B: 80

SECTION C

Answer ONE question in this section.

NOTE: Clearly indicate the QUESTION NUMBER of each question chosen. The answer to EACH question must start on a NEW page, e.g. QUESTION 5 on a NEW page OR QUESTION 6 on a NEW page.

QUESTION 5: BUSINESS VENTURES (FORMS OF OWNERSHIP AND INVESTMENT)

The criteria for the success or failure of private companies are more appealing than that of partnerships. Many partnerships convert to private companies so that they can benefit from these criteria. Some businesses consider the investment factors before investing in fixed deposits.

Write an essay on forms of ownership and investment in which you include the following aspects:

• Outline the disadvantages of a partnership.

• Explain how the following criteria could contribute to the success and/or failure of a private company:

Management

Legislation

Capital

• Discuss FOUR factors that should be considered when making investment decisions.

• Advise businesses on the impact of fixed deposits as a form of investment.

QUESTION 6: BUSINESS ROLES (HUMAN RIGHTS, INCLUSIVITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES)

Businesses are required to respect the economic rights and safety of their employees in the workplace. The health and safety representatives play an important role in protecting the workplace environment. Adherence to human rights enables businesses to deal with diversity in the workplace.

Write an essay on human rights, inclusivity and environmental issues in which you include the following aspects:

• Outline the economic rights of employees in the workplace.

• Explain the roles of the health and safety representatives in protecting the workplace environment.

• Discuss the benefits of diversity in the workplace.

• Recommend ways in which businesses could deal with the following diversity issues in the workplace:

Gender

Disability

SECTION C: 40

of

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SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1

1.1.2

1.1.3

1.1.4

1.1.5

1.2.2

1.2.3

1.2.4

1.2.5

1.3

1.3.2

1.3.3

1.3.4

1.3.5

Losses

TOTAL

BREAKDOWN OF MARKS

QUESTION 1 MARKS

Functions of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange/JSE

Gives opportunities to financial institutions such as insurance companies to invest their funds in shares.√√

Serves as a barometer/indicator of economic conditions in South Africa.√√

Keeps investors informed on share prices by publishing the share prices daily.√√

Acts as a link between investors and public companies.√√

Shares are valued and assessed by experts.√√

Small investors are invited to take part in the economy of the country through the buying/selling of shares.√√

Venture capital market is made available on the open market.√√

Orderly market for securities serves as a disciplined market for securities.√√

Mobilises the funds of insurance companies and other institutions.√√

Raises primary capital by encouraging new investments in listed companies. √√

Regulates the market for dealing with shares.√√

Plans, researches and advises on investment possibilities.√√

Ensures that the market operates in a transparent manner.√√

Provides protection for investors through tough regulations/ law.√√

Encourages short-term investments.

Facilitates electronic trading of shares/STRATE.√√

Any other relevant answer related to the functions of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange/JSE. Max (6)

SECTION B

QUESTION 2: BUSINESS VENTURES

2.1

Matric Q&A

2.4 Difference between limited and unlimited liability

LIMITED LIABILITY UNLIMITED LIABILITY

Losses are limited√ to the amount that the owner invested in the business.√

The owner’s personal assets are protected√ against the debts of the business.√

Applicable to forms of ownership/companies√ that have a separate legal entity/ personality√.

Any other relevant answer related to limited liability.

Submax (2)

The liability of the owner to pay debts/claims√ is not limited to the business only.√

The owner’s personal assets may be seized√ to pay for the debts of the business.√

Applicable to a sole proprietorship and partnership√ as they do not have a separate legal entity/ personality. √

Any other relevant answer related to unlimited liability.

Submax (2)

STUDIES

2.6.2 Situations in which a democratic leadership style can be applied in the workplace

This leadership style can be used when:

Group members are skilled and eager to share their ideas.√√

The leader does not have all the information needed to make a decision and employees have valuable information to contribute.√√

Cooperation is needed between the leader and the team.√√

Decisions need to be looked at from several perspectives.√√

Small dynamic companies rely on innovative and creative ideas.√√

Any other relevant answer related to the situations in which a democratic leadership style can be applied in the workplace.

NOTE: Mark the first THREE (3) only. (3 x 2) (6)

2.7 Impact of video conferencing as a visual aid Positives/Advantages

NOTE:

1. The answer does not have to be in a tabular format

2. The difference does not have to link, but must be clear.

3. Award a maximum of TWO (2) marks if the difference is not clear/Mark either limited or unlimited liability only.

2.5 Role of personal attitude in successful leadership

Positive attitude releases√ leadership potential.√

Max (4)

A leader's good/bad attitude√ can influence the success/failure of the business.√

Leaders must know their strengths and weaknesses√ to apply their leadership styles effectively.√

Great leaders understand that the right attitude√ will set the right atmosphere.√

Leaders' attitude√ may influence employees'/teams' thoughts/ behaviour.√

Leaders should model the behaviour√ that they want to see in team members.√

Successful leaders consider the abilities/skills of team members√ to allocate tasks/roles effectively.√

Enthusiasm√ produces confidence in a leader.√

A positive attitude is critical for good leadership√ because good leaders will stay with the task regardless of difficulties/ challenges.√

Successful employees and leaders have a constant desire to work√ and achieve personal/professional success.√

Leaders with a positive attitude know√ that there is always more to learn/space to grow.√

Any other relevant answer related to the role of personal attitude in successful leadership.

2.6 Leadership styles

Max (6)

2.6.1 Leadership style from the scenario Democratic leadership style √√ (2) Motivation

He requested his employees to give inputs on how they could reduce NM’s production costs.√ (1)

NOTE: 1. Award marks for the leadership style even if the quote is incomplete.

2. Do not award marks for the motivation if the leadership style was incorrectly identified. Max (3)

People can see and hear each other√ during their communication.√

Can be used when a presenter wants to refer to documents√ such as graphs/relationships/diagrams and process steps.√

Can be used√ for international meetings.√

There is no need to spend time and money√ travelling to meetings.√/Can conduct meetings√ without being in the same room. √

Documents can be viewed√ on the screen at the same time.√

Ideas and knowledge can be communicated√ between all those at the meeting very quickly and responses gathered.√

Brings remote workers together√ without clustering them in one venue, resulting in less exposure to contagious diseases. √

Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/ advantages of video conferencing as a visual aid.

AND/OR

Negatives/Disadvantages

Takes away the personal aspect√ of the conversation.√

The environment/surrounding may limit people√ to retain information effectively.√

It may be difficult to get everyone at the same time√ when scheduling a session.√

Workers that do not know how to use the equipment must be trained√ which may be costly/time consuming. √

Conferencing facilities can be expensive√ and everyone who is going to attend the meeting needs access to suitable hardware and software.√

There might be a slight delay between responses√ especially from one side of the planet to the other. √

Bad weather/Load shedding/Data/Internet connectivity √ can disrupt/ruin the presentation on the day. √

The webcam/video camera might not be able to view all parts of the room at the same time√.

Some people might not be easy to see √ at the meeting. √

Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/ disadvantages of video conferencing as a visual aid.

Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda

Motivation

BUSINESS ROLES

of conflict

Acknowledge that there is conflict in

workplace.

Candice should identify the cause of the conflict. √√

Arrange pre-negotiations where workers/complainants will be allowed to state their case/views separately. √√

Arrange a time and place for negotiations where all employees involved are present. √√

Candice should arrange a meeting between conflicting employers/employees.√√

Make intentions for intervention clear so that parties involved may feel at ease.√√

Each party has the opportunity to express his/her own opinions/feelings.√√

Conflicting parties may recognise that their views are different during the meeting.√√

Analyse/Evaluate the cause(s) of conflict by breaking it down into different parts.√√

Blame shifting should be avoided and a joint effort should be made.√√

Direct conflicting parties towards finding/focusing on solutions.√√

Devise/Brainstorm possible ways of resolving the conflict.√√

Conflicting parties agree on criteria to evaluate the

alternatives.√√

Select and implement the best solution.√√

Provide opportunities for parties to agree on the best solution.√√

Evaluate/Follow up on the implementation of the solution(s).√√

Monitor progress to ensure that the conflict has been resolved.√√

Source experts on handling conflict from outside the business.√√

Any other relevant answer related to how Candice/ businesses could handle conflict in the workplace.

NOTE: Accept the steps in any order Max (6)

3.3 Challenges posed by abuse of work time

It may result in many employees√ often abusing work time.√

Abuse of work time could result in losing customers√ or not meeting the deadlines/conflict amongst workers.√

Wasting time costs the business money√ and affects productivity.√

Abuse of work time results in a decline in profits√ which could damage the financial wealth of the business. √

Effective customer services may not be rendered √ resulting in the negative image of the business. √

Any other relevant answer related to how abuse of work time poses challenges to businesses. Max (6)

3.4 Triple bottom line

3.4.1 Elements of Triple bottom line from the scenario

TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE ELEMENTS MOTIVATIONS

1. Profit/Economic/People/ Social√√

2. People/Social√√

Asanda Dairies invested some of their surplus funds in the community. √

They offer bursaries to previously disadvantaged students/Asanda Dairies invested some of their surplus funds in the community. √

3. Planet/Environment√√ AD also uses recycled containers to package their dairy products.√

Submax (4) Submax (2)

NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only.

2. The answer does not have to be in tabular format.

3. Award marks for the triple bottom line elements even if quotes were incomplete.

4. Do not award marks for the motivations if the triple bottom line elements were incorrectly identified. Max (6)

3.5 Ways in which businesses could contribute time and effort to improve the wellbeing of their employees

A business should pay fair wages/salaries to the workers√ based on the nature of their work/the prevailing economic conditions in the market.√

Pay fair bonuses, based on business earnings√, as acknowledgement for hard work and commitment.√

Offer financial assistance in the case of any hardship√ caused by unexpected medical costs.√

Working conditions should include safety/medical/canteen facilities benefits√ like housing/leave/retirement√, etc.

Matric Q&A

A business could offer annual physical/medical assessments√ to workers.√

Make trauma debriefing/counselling/assistance available√ to any employee who requires these services.√

Offer support programmes√ for employees infected and affected by HIV/Aids. √

Start a nutritional programme√ so that employees can enjoy one meal per day to keep them in a healthy condition.√

Encourage employees to stay fit and healthy√ by getting them involved in health activities to minimise stress/substance abuse/ obesity.√

Provide recreational facilities√ for employees.√

Provide for employees' participation in decision-making√ that affects them.√

Allow flexible working hours√ to enhance productivity.√

Make childcare facilities available on the premises√ for working mothers in the business.√

Give time to staff√ to get involved in projects they choose√/ Allow staff to use some of the working hours√ to participate in the projects of their choice.√

A business can provide transport for employees√ who work unusually long hours.√

Establish coaching and mentoring programmes√ for junior employees.√

Conduct team-building sessions√ to improve employees' morale.√

Encourage employees √ to attend capacity-building workshops/ training programmes/staff-development programmes/teamdevelopment programmes.√

Any other relevant answer related to ways in which businesses could contribute time and effort to improve the wellbeing of their employees.

Max (6)

3.6 Advantages of the Delphi technique in solving complex business problems

Businesses may use a group of experts√ without bringing them together.√

The experts will give the business clear ideas/solutions√ on how to improve on productivity/profitability.√

Information received from experts can be used√ to solve complex business problems.√

Experts may give honest/credible opinions√ as they do not have a direct/personal interest in the business.√

Conflict may be avoided√ especially if all employees are knowledgeable and well qualified.√

Dominating employees may not take over the process√ as they do not form part of the problem-solving process.√

It reduces noise levels in an office environment√ since there is no group discussion.√

Any other relevant answer related to the advantages of the Delphi technique in solving complex business problems. Max (4)

3.7 Ways in which businesses could protect the environment and human health in the workplace

Laws and regulations should be adhered to so that profits are not generated at the expense of the environment.√√

Pollution and other environmental issues should always be considered in all business activities, e.g. safe disposal of waste/ dumping of toxic waste√√.

Become involved in environmental awareness programmes.√√

The environment can be protected by altering production techniques in favour of cleaner and greener technologies.√√

Water for human consumption should be tested before it is used.√√

Promote nature conservation by looking after natural resources.√√

Minimise pollution by re-using, reducing and recycling.√√

Reduce consumption of goods/services which are environmentally unfriendly.√√

Register/Engage with recognised institutions/bodies that promote green peace.√√

Physical working conditions should always be worker friendly, safe and promote occupational health.√√

Physical working conditions such as adequate lighting/ ventilation should be available and functional.√√

Machines must be serviced/maintained regularly.√√

Educate employees about hygiene issues.√√

Encourage employees to do regular health checks.√√

Conduct regular inspections on buildings/machinery to minimise potential dangers to human health. √√

Any other relevant answer related to ways in which businesses could protect the environment and human health in the workplace. Max (6) [40]

4: MISCELLANEOUS

VENTURES

Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/

4.2 Types of preference shares for the statements

4.2.1 Redeemable preference shares√√

4.2.2 Non-cumulative preference shares/Ordinary preference shares √√

4.2.3 Participating preference shares√√ (6)

4.3 Advantages of insurance for businesses

Transfers the risk from businesses/insured√ to an insurance company/insurer.√

Transfer of risk is subject to the terms and conditions√ of the insurance contract.√

Protects businesses against theft/loss of stock and/or damages√ caused by natural disasters such as floods, storm damage√, etc.

Businesses will be compensated for insurable losses√, e.g. destruction of property through fire.√

Businesses' assets, e.g. vehicles/equipment/buildings need to be insured√ against damage and/or theft.√

Businesses are protected against the loss of earnings√, e.g. strikes by employees which result in losses worth millions.√

Protects businesses√ against dishonest employees.√

Life insurance can be taken on the life of partners in a partnership√ to prevent unexpected loss of capital.√

Should the services of key personnel be lost due to accidents/ death√, the proceeds of an insurance policy can be paid out to businesses/beneficiaries.√

Replacement costs for damaged machinery/equipment are very high√, therefore insurance can reduce/cover such costs.√

Protects businesses from claims made by members of the public for damages√ that the business is responsible for.√

Protects businesses against losses√ due to death of a debtor.√

Any other relevant answer related to the advantages of insurance for businesses.

4.4 Presentation

Max (4)

4.4.1 Factors that must be considered when preparing for a presentation from the scenario

He is fully conversant with the objectives of the presentation.√

Zama also created visual aids that will support and enhance his information.√

NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only.

2. Only award marks for responses that are quoted from the scenario. (2 x 1) (2)

4.4.2 Factors that must be considered while presenting Establish credibility by introducing yourself as the presenter at the start.√√

Mention/Show the most important information first.√√

Make the purpose/main points of the presentation clear at the start of the presentation.√√

Use suitable section titles/headings/sub-headings/bullets.√√

Zama should summarise the main points of the presentation to conclude the presentation.√√

Stand in a good position/upright, where the audience can clearly see the presenter/presentation.√√

Avoid hiding behind equipment.√√

Do not ramble on at the start, to avoid losing the audience/their interest.√√

Capture listeners' attention/Involve the audience with a variety of methods, e.g. short video clips/sound effects/humour, etc.√√

Maintain eye contact with the audience.√√

Be audible/loud and clear to all listeners/audience.√√

Vary the tone of voice/tempo within certain sections to prevent monotony.√√

Make the presentation interesting with visual aids/anecdotes/ examples/Use visual aids effectively.√√

Use appropriate gestures to emphasize certain points.√√

Speak with energy and enthusiasm.√√

Pace yourself/Do not rush or talk too slowly.√√

Keep the presentation short and simple.√√

Zama should conclude/end with a strong/striking ending that will be remembered.√√

Ensure that the audience will leave with/take away specific information/benefits.√√

Manage time effectively to allow time for questions.√√

Any other relevant answer related to factors that Zama must consider while presenting. Max (6)

BUSINESS ROLES

4.5 Social rights of employees in the workplace

Access to clean water/Social security √ Education√

Protection√

Health care√

NOTE: Mark the first THREE (3) only. (3 x 1) (3)

4.6 Communication as criteria for successful team performance

A clear set of processes/procedures for team work√ ensures that every team member understands his/her role.√

Efficient/Good communication between team members√ may result in quick decisions.√

Quality feedback improves√ the morale of the team.√ Open/Honest discussions lead√ to effective solutions of problems.√

Continuous review of team progress ensures that team members can rectify mistakes/act pro-actively√ to ensure that goals/targets are reached.√

Any other relevant answer related to communication as one of the criteria for successful team performance. Max (4)

4.7 Problem-solving and creative thinking

4.7.1 Problem-solving technique from the scenario

Force field analysis√√ (2)

Motivation

They asked employees to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed change.√ (1)

NOTE: 1. Award marks for the problem-solving technique even if the quote is incomplete.

2. Do not award marks for the motivation if the problemsolving technique was incorrectly identified. Max (3)

The

the Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/

Matric Q&A

4.7.2 Advantages of creative thinking in the workplace

Better/Unique/Unconventional ideas/solutions√ are generated.√

May give the business a competitive advantage√ if unusual/ unique solutions/ ideas/strategies are implemented.√

Complex business problems√ may be solved.√

Productivity increases√ as management/employees may quickly generate multiple ideas which utilises time and money more effectively.√

Managers/Employees have more confidence√ as they can live up to their full potential.√

Managers will be better leaders√ as they will be able to handle/ manage change(s) positively and creatively.√

Managers/Employees can develop a completely new outlook√, which may be applied to any task(s) they may do.√

Leads to more positive attitudes√ as managers/employees feel that they have contributed towards problem solving.√

Improves motivation√ amongst staff members.√

Managers/Employees have a feeling of great accomplishment√ and they will not resist/obstruct the process once they solved a problem/contributed towards the success of the business.√

Management/employees may keep up√ with fast-changing technology.√

Stimulates initiative from employees/managers√, as they are continuously pushed out of their comfort zone.√

Creativity may lead to new inventions√ which improves the general standard of living.√

SECTION C

Mark the FIRST question only.

QUESTION 5: BUSINESS VENTURES (FORMS OF OWNERSHIP & INVESTMENT)

5.1 Introduction

Any other relevant answer related to the advantages of creative thinking in the workplace.

4.8 Dealing with unemployment as a socio-economic issue

Max (4)

Provide skills development programmes through learnerships.√√

Offer bursaries to the community to improve the level of education.√√

Create jobs for members of the community.√√

Provide entrepreneurial programmes that can promote selfemployment.√√

Support government/stakeholders’ initiatives/small businesses in addressing issues of unemployment. √√

Any other relevant answer related to ways in which businesses could deal with unemployment as a socio-economic issue.

Max (6)

A partnership has two or more partners that share the responsibilities and management of the business.√

Entrepreneurs should conduct research on the criteria that contributes to the success and/or failure of a private company.√

Investors have a range of investment opportunities to choose from.√

Investors should have sound knowledge of the factors that must be considered when making investment decisions.√

A fixed deposit is one of the investment opportunities that enable a business to seize business opportunities. √

Any other relevant introduction related to disadvantages of a partnership/criteria that could contribute to success and/or failure of a private company /investment decisions/ impact of fixed deposits.

5.2 Disadvantages of a partnership

Any (2 x 1) (2)

A partnership has unlimited liability as partners' personal belongings can be sold to pay off debts.√√

Each partner is legally responsible for the joint liability of the partnership.√√

Different personalities and opinions of partners can lead to conflict or disagreements.√√

Partners might not all contribute equally.√√

Loss in profits and stability of the business can occur if a partner resigns/dies/loses interest in the partnership or is declared bankrupt.√√

There can be lack of capital and cash flow.√√

The partnership has limited/lack of continuity, as a new partnership must be formed when a partner dies/leaves.√√

The wrongful actions of one partner will affect all other partners/ Partners serve as agents for a partnership and bind all other partners through their actions.√√

Education.

If the profits of the partnership are too big, the partners may end up paying high income tax in their personal capacity. √√

Decision-making can be delayed as all parties should be consulted/In a larger partnership, partners may struggle to agree on business issues. √√

Profits are divided between partners according to their partnership agreement and not according to income generated. √√

Any other relevant answer related to the disadvantages of a partnership.

Max (10)

5.3 Criteria contributing to the success and/or failure of a private company

5.3.1 SUCCESS FACTORS AND /OR FAILURE FACTORS

Shareholders can vote for/ appoint√ the most capable directors to manage their company.√

Managed by at least one competent√ highly skilled director.√

MANAGEMENT

The management of the company can improve√ since directors are accountable to shareholders.√

Some shareholders may not exercise their voting rights√ resulting in choosing the wrong person as a director.√

Directors may sometimes act in their own interest√, not in the company’s best interest/ which can hamper growth and profit maximisation√

Large management structures√ can result in decision-making taking time. √

Directors may not be motivated to work very hard√ because shareholders determine their remuneration. √ Director’s fees increase the company’s expenses√ which reduces the net profit. √

LEGISLATION

There is no longer a limit√ on the number of shareholders in a private company.√

A private company can benefit from government programmes√ if they comply with the relevant legislation.√

Companies which comply with legislation√ build a positive image/may attract investors. √

Personal liability of shareholders√ does not affect the company's assets. √

Continuity of existence√ due to the legal personality of the company. √

Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of legislation to the success of a private company.

If a private company does not comply with legislation√, its licence may be withdrawn by the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC).√

Directors’ fees increase the company’s expenses √ which reduces the cash flow/ net profit. √

Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of management to the success of a private company.

Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of management to the failure of a private company.

Submax (4)

5.3.2 SUCCESS FACTORS AND /OR FAILURE FACTORS

LEGISLATION

Procedures to form a private company√ have been simplified by the new Companies Act 71 of 2008.√

Limited liability allows for greater risk taking√, which may lead to growth of the business.√

Auditing of financial statements (if required)√, gives shareholders the assurance that the business is being properly managed and supports raising additional finance.√

Formation procedures are time consuming/ complicated/ expensive√, as many legal documents need to be prepared/submitted.√

High formation/ establishment expenses√ require a large start-up capital.√

Annual audit of financial statements (if required)√ is costly.√

Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of legislation to the success of a private company.

Submax (4)

5.3.3 SUCCESS FACTORS AND /OR FAILURE FACTORS

Large amount of capital can be raised√ since there is no limit on the number of shareholders.√

CAPITAL

The company can access long-term capital√ and therefore has good longterm growth opportunities.√

Even though shares are not freely transferable√, large private companies can raise a considerable amount of capital.√

Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of capital to the success of a private company.

It cannot grow into a very large business√ since it cannot invite the public to buy shares.√

Restrictions on transferability of shares√ may not attract financially strong investors.√

Large amount of capital cannot be obtained√ as capital contribution is only limited to private shareholders.√

Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of capital to the failure of a private company.

Submax (4)

NOTE: 1. The answer does not have to be in tabular format.

2. Mark either success AND/OR failure of EACH factor.

5.4 Factors to be considered when making investment decisions Return on Investment (ROI) √√

Max (12)

Refers to income from the investment√, namely interest/ dividends/increased capital growth on the original amount invested.√

The return should be expressed as net after-tax gains√ on the investment.√

High-risk investments √ yield higher returns.√

Generally, there will be a direct link√ between the risk and the return.√

The

with the endorsement of the Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/

Matric Q&A

Returns can be in the form of capital gains√ where the asset appreciates in value over time.√

Any other relevant answer related to return on investment as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2)

Submax (4)

Risk√√

Refers to the chance that the invested amount may be reduced in value/lost in total over a period of time√, due to unforeseen circumstances.√

The higher the potential return√, the higher the risk of a potential loss.√

Investing in shares has a higher risk√ than investing in a fixed deposit.√

Shares have low/medium risk√ over a longer investment period. √

Shares with higher risks √ have a greater potential for higher returns. √

Ordinary shares have the highest risk√ as the investor may lose the full/part of the investment when the company is dissolved/ bankrupt/liquidated. √

Preference shareholders' risk is lower√, as they have preferential claims on the assets of the liquidated company/may receive some compensation before ordinary shareholders. √

Share prices are linked to factors such as economic conditions/ operational success of the company√ which investors cannot always control. √

Share prices are volatile/unstable/unpredictable/may increase/ decrease sharply within hours√ which contribute to the uncertainty of the value of an investment in shares in the short term. √

Any other relevant answer related to risk as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2)

Submax (4)

Liquidity√√

An amount could be invested in a type of investment√ that can easily be converted to cash.√

It is used to describe the ease and speed√ with which investors can convert an investment into cash.√

Example: An investment in a savings account/unit trust will be easier to convert into cash√ than an investment in a fixed deposit which is usually deposited for a fixed period of time.√

Any other relevant answer related to liquidity as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2) Submax (4)

Taxation√√

Refers to a compulsory payment√ made by citizens to the government.√

A good investment√ will yield good after-tax returns.√

Income tax implications must be considered√ in order to ensure a high net after-tax return.√

Tax rates are not necessarily the same√ for different investments.√

Any other relevant answer related to taxation as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2) Submax (4)

Inflation rate√√

Investors/People are affected by a high inflation rate√, because their money/purchasing power decreases.√

The return on investment should be higher√ than the inflation rate. √

Inflation has a positive effect on some investments√ such as property/shares where the income will increase as inflation increases. √

Any other relevant answer related to inflation rate as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2) Discussion (2) Submax (4)

Investment term/period√√

This refers to the duration of the investment√ which may influence the return on investment.√

It can be short/medium/long term√ depending on the nature of an investment option.√

The investment period will depend√ on an investor's personal needs/goals. √

The longer the investment period√ the higher the returns. √

Short-term investments enable investors to access√ their money on a short period if needed. √

Any other relevant answer related to investment term/period as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2) Submax (4)

Investment planning factors√√

Investors should always consider the safest√ possible investment opportunities.√

Some investments offer a low income on invested capital√, but it could be a safer investment than one that promises a higher income.√

Examine opportunities√ with a history of good return.√

Divide investments√ between various investment options.√

The method of calculating the interest/return on investment√ should be considered.√

Any other relevant answer related to investment planning factors as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2) Submax (4)

of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/

Personal budget√√

Investors can determine the amount of surplus money√ that can be invested.√

Investors must budget√ for unforeseen costs.√

Budgets should provide√ for contingency plans/investments/ savings.√

Any other relevant answer related to personal budget as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2)

Submax (4)

Volatility/Fluctuations on investment markets√√

Fluctuations in national√ and international economic trends should be considered.√

The level of volatility√ will determine the amount of returns.√

Any other relevant answer related to volatility/fluctuations on investment markets as a factor to be considered when making investment decisions.

Factor (2)

Discussion (2)

Submax (4)

The directors of a private company should keep abreast of the latest legislation on the management of companies.√√

Choosing an investment opportunity should be informed by research findings on the investment decision factors. √√

Businesses should invest surplus funds in fixed deposits for expansion/unexpected expenses.√√

A business that is managed successfully will make a number of investments over a period of time. √√

Any other relevant conclusion related to disadvantages of partnership/criteria that contribute to success and/or failure of a private company /investment decisions/impact of fixed deposits.

Any (1 x 2) (2) [40]

QUESTION 5: BREAKDOWN OF MARK ALLOCATION

DETAILS

MAXIMUM TOTAL

NOTE: Mark the first FOUR (4) only.

5.5 Impact of fixed deposits as a form of investment Positives/Advantages

Max (16)

Interest is earned at a fixed rate regardless of changes in the economic climate.√√

The period of investment can be over a short/medium/long term.√√

Ensures financial discipline as investors cannot withdraw their funds before the maturity date.√√

Investors can choose the investment period that suits them.√√

Investors earn a better return on investment than on an ordinary savings account.√√

The principal amount plus interest earned is paid out on the maturity date.√√

It has a low risk as investors are guaranteed of the final payment.√√

The higher the principal amount/The longer the investment period, the higher the interest rate offered by a financial institution.√√

Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/ advantages of fixed deposits as a form of investment.

AND/OR

Negatives/Disadvantages

The investor cannot withdraw their funds before the maturity date.√√

May not outperform the effect of inflation over the long term.√√

Low return compared to other investments.√√

Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/ disadvantages of fixed deposits as a form of investment. Max (8)

5.6 Conclusion

The partners should make the correct decisions in running the partnership in order to protect their personal possessions.√√

Disadvantages of a partnership 10

Criteria contributing to the success and/or failure of a private company:

Management

Legislation

Introduction 2 Max 32

Capital

Factors to consider when making an investment decision

of fixed deposits

MARKS

LASO – For each component: Allocate 2 marks if all requirements are met. Allocate 1 mark if only some of the requirements are met. Allocate 0 marks where requirements are not met at all.

QUESTION 6: BUSINESS ROLES (HUMAN RIGHTS, INCLUSIVITY & ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES)

6.1 Introduction

Economic rights are one of the fundamental rights contained in the Bill of Rights that should be respected in the workplace.√

The health and safety representatives keep their members informed about the workplace health and safety issues.√

Economic rights form part of human rights that must be observed in the workplace. √

Diversity in the workplace means that employees are different in terms of age/race/gender/ethnic groups/disabilities etc.√

Successful businesses develop suitable strategies that are aimed at addressing different diversity issues in the workplace.√ Business operations may have a negative impact on the environment if there are no preventative measures put in place. √

Any other relevant introduction related to employees’ economic rights/roles of the health and safety representatives/benefits of diversity/dealing with diversity issues in the workplace.

Any (2 x 1) (2)

Matric Q&A

6.2 Economic rights of employees in the workplace

Free from forced labour.√√

Free to accept or choose work.√√

Fair wages/Equal pay/Equal pay for work of equal value.√√

Reasonable limitation of working hours.√√

Fair labour practice.√√

Safe and healthy working conditions.√√

Join/form trade unions.√√

Right to participate in a legal strike.√√

Any other relevant answer related to the economic rights of employees in the workplace.

Max (8)

6.3 Roles of the health and safety representatives in protecting the workplace environment

Ensure that protective clothing√ is provided/available to all workers.√

Identify potential dangers√ in the workplace.√

Initiate/Promote/Maintain/Review measures√ to ensure the health and safety of workers.√

Check/Monitor the effectiveness of health and safety measures√ with management.√

Ensure that all equipment√ that is necessary to perform the work is provided/ maintained regularly.√

Promote safety training√ so that employees may avoid potential dangers/act pro-actively.√

Ensure that dangerous equipment√ is used under the supervision of trained/qualified workers.√

Ensure that workers' health and safety is not endangered√ by hazards resulting from production/processing/storage/ transportation of material/equipment.√

Work together with the employer, to investigate any accidents/ complaints from the workers√ concerning health and safety in the workplace.√

Ensure that employers comply√ with COIDA.√

Any other relevant answer related to the roles of health and safety representatives in protecting the workplace environment.

6.4 Benefits of diversity in the workplace

Max (12)

Workforce diversity improves the ability of a business√ to solve problems/ innovate/cultivate diverse markets.√

Employees value each other's diversity√ and learn to connect/ communicate across lines of difference.√

Diversity in the workforce improves√ morale/motivation.√

Employees demonstrate greater loyalty to the business√ because they feel respected/accepted/understood.√

Diversified workforce can give businesses a competitive advantage√, as they can render better services.√

Being respectful of differences/demonstrating diversity√ makes good business sense/improves profitability.√

Diverse businesses ensure that its policies/practices√ empower every employee to perform at his/her full potential.√

Stakeholders increasingly evaluate businesses√ on how they manage diversity in the workplace.√

Employees from different backgrounds√ can bring different perspectives to the business.√

A diversified workforce stimulates debate√ on new/improved ways of getting things done.√

Employees represent various groups√ and are therefore better able to recognise customer needs and satisfy consumers.√

Businesses with a diverse workforce are more likely to have a good public image√ and attract more customers.√

Any other relevant answer related to the benefits of diversity in the workplace.

Max (14)

6.5 Ways in which businesses could deal with diversity issues in the workplace

6.5.1 Dealing with gender in the workplace

Males and females should be offered equal employment opportunities.√√

Business directors should promote both men and women in managerial positions.√√

Women should be employed to comply with EEA.√√

Targets may be set for gender equity in the business.√√

New appointments should be based on skills and ability.√√

Introduce affirmative action by ensuring that male and female employees are remunerated fairly/equally.√√

Any other relevant answer related to ways in which businesses could deal with gender as a diversity issue in the workplace.

6.5.2 Dealing with disability in the workplace

Submax (6)

Businesses should provide employment opportunities for people who are physically challenged.√√

Accommodate people who are physically challenged by providing facilities/ ramps for wheelchairs√√, etc.

Ensure that workers with special needs are not marginalised/feel excluded from workplace activities.√√

Businesses should be well informed on how to deal with disabled employees.√√

Policies and programmes should accommodate the needs of people with disabilities.√√

Create an organisational culture and climate that is conducive for people with disabilities.√√

Employees should be trained on how to deal with colleagues with disabilities.√√

Businesses should bring in external experts to help with disability and accommodation issues.√√

Ensure that employees with disabilities are treated fairly.√√

Focus on the skills/work performance of the disabled worker, rather than his/her disability/possible problems he/she may pose in the future.√√

Any other relevant answer related to ways in which businesses could deal with disability as a diversity issue in the workplace.

Submax (6)

Max (12)

Education.

Matric Questions and

QUESTION 6: BREAKDOWN OF MARK ALLOCATION

Observing economic rights of employees in

a healthy relationship between

The health and safety representatives

be provided with assistance/training

in the workplace

to

businesses

to the needs/queries of customers.√√

Dealing with diversity issues in the workplace

respond

businesses to utilise the skills/knowledge/expertise of a diverse workforce.√√

other relevant conclusion related to employees’

rights/roles of the health and safety

diversity/dealing with diversity

Q&A

The

with the endorsement of the Department of Basic Education. For more Matric Questions and Memoranda go to https://www.education.gov.za/