Bim specifics preview

BIM SPECIFICS An illustrative guide to implement Building

Information

Modelling

Kesari Payneni, PMP, LEED AP

Author An architect turned BIM professional, Kesari Payneni has helped organizations across Asia Pacific to implement Building Information Modelling. He has trained and managed teams in Singapore to successfully use BIM for several large scale projects.

Copyright Š 2016 by Kesari Payneni www.bimspecifics.com

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews

and

certain

other

noncommercial

uses

permitted by copyright law. Request for permissions must be addressed to the author.

Contents Introduction 08 1 What is BIM ? 12 2 BIM Uses 40

Figures 1.a Traditional Linear Process 14 1.b Integrated process with BIM 15 1.c Traditional Collaboration 16 1.d BIM Collaboration 17 1.e BIM Productivity Curve 26

3 The I in BIM 56 4 BIM Road Map 68

1.f BIM Maturity Levels 30 2.a Flexibility Vs. Cost of change 42 2.b Traditional Vs. BIM Work-flow 43

5 BIM Team 86 6 Process 102 7 Technology 110 8 Standards 116 9 Library 138 10 Manage Data 146 Conclusion 172

2.c BIM Uses 54 3.a

Dimensions ( Information ) in models

66

4.a BIM Road Map - Sample 84 5.a Organization Level BIM Team 96 5.b Project Level BIM Team 97 6.a Process Map Symbols 104 6.b Process Map Layouts - Sample 105 6.c BIM Execution Process - Sample 106 6.d 3D Coordination Process - Sample 108 8.a LOD Matrix - Sample 120 8.b Clash Report Categorization 124 8.c Clash Detection Matrix Sample 125 8.d Components of a clash 126 8.e Clash Report - Sample 127 10.a Data Categorization 150 10.b File Breakdown Components 160 10.c Components of a Filename 166 10.d Discipline codes - Sample 167

Introduction

Book Layout

Often times, BIM implementation and management is perceived as a tiring process requiring extensive documentation. This has resulted in little to no interest shown by young architects or students to pursue a career in BIM. The book “BIM Specifics” aims to show the process of implementation in a graphical manner to engage both students and young industry professionals.

The book’s layout is designed to facilitate a quick review as well as the details of implementation. While the left side of the book gives a quick introduction to each topic, the right side contains detailed instructions for further understanding.

BIM Specifics helps readers to gain the introductory knowledge required to kickstart the implementation process at their organization in a structured manner.

This also helps business owners to quickly grasp the steps involved in a typical implementation process.

BOOK LAYOUT

TITLE DETAIL EXPLANATION

DEFINITION / DESCRIPTION

SUBTOPICS & POINTS TO NOTE

WHAT IS BIM? Building Information Modeling / Management is a one-stop project management system for design & construction industry.

Building Information Modeling / Management is a shift from the traditional linear project work-flow. 3Dimensional models help communicate, access and manage the project information both graphically and also in spreadsheet formats helping to develop higher quality projects.

It is the process of using information rich 3-D models as a central database to create, check & communicate project information among all stakeholders through out the project life cycle.

1

1.1 Modeling 1.2 Management 1.3 Benefits of BIM 1.4 BIM ROI 1.5 BIM Maturity 1.6 In-house Adoption 1.7 External BIM Consultant 1.8 Open BIM 1.9 Change Management

Traditional Project Work-flow

BIM Project Work-flow

Traditional project life-cycle involves linear process of carrying out the activities required for the following stages;

BIM project life-cycle encourages collaboration of the entire project team during the full life-cycle. BIM also provides access to seamless communication with minimal loss of information and enables the team to make critical project decisions early in the process.

• • • • •

Planning Conceptual Design Design Development Construction Maintenance

Linear project work-flow has obvious disadvantages of loss of information and ambiguity in critical decisions until the last minute.

Linear work-flow does not involve all project stake holders early in the project to help avoid abortive work.

BIM is currently perceived as the only direction for the construction industry to increase productivity and to develop high quality and sustainable construction projects. It has been made an industry wide mandatory process and is followed by many countries. Early adopters are already reaping the benefits of the change with greater efficiency. There has been a rise in productivity and also a gain in the competitive edge.

13

T

E

PROCESS

P R OJ

EC

T

PL

A

O R U C T I NS T ON C O

IO

EL

E NT OPM

DOC

UM

E

NT

A

T Figure 1.a

DE S

N

OPERATION

V DE

DOCUMENTATION

T UA L DE S I NC E P GN CO

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

H

CONSTRUCTION

N IG

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

T

G IN

PROJECT PLANNING

I

NN

P

E

R

A

T

N I O

W

I M

I N

LINEAR

R

T

B

TRADITIONAL

G

A

P R OC E S S

E D

Figure 1.b

TRADITIONAL COLLABORATION

DECENTRALIZED

BIM COLLABORATION

DISTRIBUTED

CENTRALIZED

PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS BIM MODEL

Figure 1.c

Figure 1.d

Modeling

BIM as Modeling, involves authoring and analyzing 3dimensional building models with information. Many models are developed through a project life-cycle to meet the project goals. Each model carries information specific to the purpose and in many cases, the same models are developed from one stage to another by adding more details.

Building Information Modeling is the process of authoring, analyzing and using the information rich 3-D models to make informed design decisions.

1.1

Conceptual Design Models

Construction Models

An architect’s team being the project lead consultant initiates the first set of BIM models in the conceptual design stage. These models are used to define the project massing and analyze early planning parameters, orientation, wind directions etc. Working closely with the MEP and Structural engineers during this phase is important.

Construction Models are generally developed by the contractors using design models developed in the previous phase. They carry information specific to the construction and assembly techniques used in the project. These models are further developed to simulate and analyze the construction schedule and also to generate quantities for cost estimation.

Design Development Models

As-built Models

As the conceptual design is finalized, architects and engineers develop a multi-disciplinary BIM model. Most of the information incorporated into the Concept Model is reused to avoid duplicating modeling efforts. The models developed during this stage are used for detailed design analysis and also to identify coordination issues between all the disciplines.

As-built models are developed along with the construction of the actual project on-site. Decisions made on the site are documented in the as-built models to record the final building accurately on the BIM model.

19

Management

BIM as Management, involves working with the models to successfully maintain and communicate the project information. The process of managing a BIM project is different from the traditional way of working. BIM projects require all project stakeholders to be involved at the early stage. BIM encourages closer collaboration with the team members avoiding loss of information.

Building Information Management is the process of managing & maintaining information rich 3D models during the course of a project life-cycle.

1.2

Technology

Collaboration

BIM Technology is radically developed with new tools introduced into the market frequently. Models require special hard-ware and software and it is one of the main aspects to consider before starting a BIM project. BIM Data is heavier in size and more complex and requires the team to gain the skills-set to manage a project using BIM.

Collaboration is the key to succeed in any construction project. BIM models enable to team to work in more collaborative environment.

BIM Collaboration enables all project stake-holders to access critical project information at all stages of the project more accurately. BIM Collaboration is made easy by having a the team to follow a standard methodology for modeling and communication from the beginning.

Schedule Management Project schedule in a BIM environment is organized differently from the traditional work-flow. BIM Project encourages the team members to make decisions early in the project and also provides the requires information for this. This requires the project schedule to accommodate more time for the pre-construction phases of the project.

Adopting BIM for a project requires upfront preparation with standards and work-flows and BIM specific training to be conducted for the team members.

21

Benefits of BIM Benefits of working in a BIM environment are evident across the project life-cycle from design through maintenance.

Building Information Modeling has proven record of increase in productivity and the quality of the project. BIM enables better design decisions by allowing the project teams to develop and experience the building virtually before the construction.

Communicating the project information visually using 3D environment highly reduces the loss of information.

The clarity gained through enhanced communication of well organized project information with the help of BIM models shows an over-all increase in productivity and project quality.

1.3

Organizational Level Benefits

Project Specific Benefits

At an organizational level, implementing BIM not only keeps the organization up to date with the industry practices but also has several other benefits.

At a project specific level, the benefits of using BIM are abundant through out the life-cycle. ( Refer to Section 2.0 – BIM Uses )

• • • • • • • • •

Increased productivity Enhanced communication Reduced conflicts & RFIs Improved control over information Control over consultants and other project stake holders Control on the budget Increase in over-all project quality Competitive advantage New business opportunities

• • • • • • • • •

Enhanced design visualization Ability to develop multiple design options using various project parameters Analyze and develop sustainable projects Better coordination with all disciplines Design conflicts identified early in the project Accurate quantification and budget estimation Decisions made up-front saving money and time during construction Analyze project constructibility Monitor project schedule, budget and construction

23

BIM - ROI

Building Information Modeling is an investment that has both short-term and longterm benefits. However, the return on investment calculation is greatly affected by the steep learning curve and productivity drop at the early stages.

Adoption of BIM from a traditional practice requires significant investment. Given the drastic shift from traditional work-flows, any organization has to go through a steep learning curve to realize the expected ROI. Well managed BIM implementation will see a steady and progressive improvement.

While calculating the ROI for BIM Adoption, one should consider parameters beyond software and hardware expenses. One of the major advantages of investing in BIM being increased productivity and gaining better clarity over project information, such items will greatly affect the final perception on ROI for BIM.

As a general guideline the break even point for BIM investment is slower than expected. For a small to medium scale firms, it is considered to be between 12 and 24 months. ( Refer to Section 4.4 – Performance Indicators )

Investment in BIM

1.4

Software & Hardware Training & Knowledge sharing New recruitment cost BIM Maintenance cost BIM Consulting

Return on Investment = Loss & Gain / Investment

Loss / Gain in BIM Productivity Loss & Gain Project quality gain Training duration Project turn-over gain

25

BIM PRODUCTIVITY CURVE

E X P E C

T A

T

I O

N

S

MANAGE EXPECTATIONS FOR OPTIMUM RESULTS

P

T

UM

PR

O

D

UC

T

IV

IT Y

O

I M

T I M E

Figure 1.e

BIM Maturity

Adopting BIM at a project level or at an organizational level is an extensive and time sensitive exercise. Adoption levels in BIM are categorized based on the value one can gain out of this exercise.

Implementing and Adopting BIM involves changing and managing several aspects of a project work-flows both internally and externally.

Industry standards defines maturity in 3 levels of adoption.

1.5

Level 1

Level 3

Level 1 adoption is the most basic and easy to implement stage of adoption also known as “Silo BIM� . It refers to the process where the organization is using a combination of 2D and 3D models internally only to carry out their scope of work. Although Level1 can be a good starting point for BIM enthusiasts, the real value of Building Information Modeling is not gained at this stage.

While the 2nd level of adoption covers most of the well known benefits of using Building Information Modeling, Level 3 takes BIM to new extents of team collaboration. Level 3 BIM is described as the process of having multiple stakeholders accessing the project models through a centrally located data base of 3D models.

Adoption at this stage requires the team to have a robust project data management procedures in place.

Level 2 At Level 2 BIM, models are shared between project stakeholders both internal and external to develop the design more collaboratively. This allows for higher level of coordination between multiple disciplines enabling the team to identify design issues earlier in the project. BIM adoption at Level 2 requires the team to consider issues beyond 3Dmodeling. It requires the team to strategize their communication and collaboration procedures.

An organization should identify the level of adoption to achieve after analyzing the project types, current workload, existing team set up etc.

29

BIM MATURITY LEVELS

L EV

EL

3

L EV

L EV

EL

3D FOR INTERNAL TEAM WORK

EL

2

1

0 TRADITIONAL 2-D WORKFLOW

L EV

EL

BIM FOR COLLABORATION

INTEGRATED BIM WORKFLOW

STAKEHOLDERS 2D INFORMATION BIM MODEL Figure 1.f