SE March April 2016 by SmartEnergy

SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

Volume III, Issue II

Pages 64

`200

ISSN 2348-5027

REPOWERING

INDIA'S

WIND FARMS Role of Forecasting & Scheduling in Integration of Renewable Energy in Grid at a Large Scale p24 Role of Logistic in the Solar Energy Sector p46 Why Solar Street Lights with Built-In Lithium Ion Batteries Are Best for India? p52

Wind of Change: The Dynamic Challenge of Wind Turbine Upscaling p28 Spice Village Off-Grid Resort in India p48

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SmartEnergy Complete Renewable Energy Intelligence

Editor Santosh Khadtare santosh@supersmartenergy.com

Associate Editor Anisha Ganguli EDITORIAL ADVISER Pragya Sharma Editorial Co-ordinator Varsha Editorial Consultant Dr. Abhimanyu Detha Graphic Designer D. Vaidya Advertising & Marketing Head- Marketing & Business Development Sapna K sapna.smartenergy@gmail.com

Chief Executive Officer Rahul Raj Chandra Support Team Sunil Pawar Bharti Shetty Disclaimer

Editor's Note I take pride in announcing to all the readers and well wishers that Smart Energy Magazine is foraying into European Market, albeit on trial basis and if successful we will be regularly distributing Smart Energy Magazine to the leaders and professionals from the Solar and Wind industry there. This association unlocks the opportunities in the Indian solar and wind industry to the European counterparts. Going forward we at Smart Energy intent to introduce new and innovative features to make the magazine more relevant to the international audience. We have take the first step in this direction and have introduces Power Stats and tenders details from this edition of the Magazine. We hope this features forms the basis for taking business decisions even for our industry colleagues in India. This edition of Smart Energy Magazine focuses on the Wind Industry in India. The wind industry in India is buzzing with lots of activity and the stakeholders are bullish about the Indian wind energy sector, as the government has announced an impressive target of having 60GW installed wind capacity by 2022. The Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association expects a 52% jump in capacity addition this year. If the capacity addition surpasses 3.2 GW it would be a new record. The government has announced the offshore wind policy and has come up with the draft policy for repowering of wind farms, this coupled with the National Wind Energy Mission would accelerate the development of wind energy projects. The cover story evaluates the repowering wind energy market, provides the key highlights of the draft policy and the major triggers that can set this concept in motion. Along with the story on repowering of wind farms this edition of Smart Energy Magazine has some great features and updates from the solar and wind industry in India. I hope you enjoy reading this edition and like always we are eagerly waiting for your feedback and letters. Happy Reading, Santosh K Editor Santosh@supersmartenergy.com

All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy and information in this magazine, opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not neccessarily reflect the vies of the owner/ publisher and the editorial team. Genesis Info-Media shall not be liable for any consequences in the event such claims are found- not to be true

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Printed, published and edited by Santosh Khadtare on behalf of Genesis Info-Media, published at 509, pushp plaza, above snehanjali shworoom, manvelpada road, Virar Dist Thane and printed at M B Graphics, B 28, 3rd Floor Shri Ram Industrial Estate,Wadala West, Mumbai.

4â&#x20AC;&#x201A;SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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Content

SmartEnergy 34

30 INTERVIEW Dr. Abhimanyu Detha CEO & Managing Director, Gangadan Energy (P) Ltd.

Cover Story Repowering India’s Wind Farms

42 INTERVIEW Siva Rama Chandra

24 TECH FOCUS Role of Forecasting & Scheduling in Integration of Renewable Energy in Grid at a Large Scale Authored By: Amresh Khosla

28 PERSPECTIVE Wind of Change: The Dynamic Challenge of Wind Turbine Upscaling

46 SPECIAL FEATURE Role of Logistic in the Solar Energy Sector Authored By: Rahul Mehra

48 IN FOCUS Spice Village Off-Grid Resort in India Authored By: Trojan Batteries

6 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

Chairman, Vajra Power Conversions Limited

50 POLICY UPDATE Guidelines for Development of Solar Parks

52 SPOT LIGHT Why Solar Street Lights with Built-In Lithium Ion Batteries Are Best for India? Authored By: Kunwer Sachdev

08. Special Reportz 10. News Updtaes 20. Events Report 54. Product Updates 58. Power Stats 60. Tenders 61. Events Watch

 www.supersmartenergy.com

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Special Reportz

Budget 2016: A Mixed Bag for Solar and Clean Energy Sector Jaitley opened his Budget speech announcing that the International Monetary Fund had hailed India as a ‘bright spot’ amidst a slowing global economy. He said: “Financial markets have been battered and global trade has contracted. Amidst all these global headwinds, the Indian economy has held its ground firmly." The Budget 2016 presented by the FM lays down the roadmap for taking India to the next level of growth. In doing so the FM has identified 9 pillars for having a transforming impact on the economy and life of people which are - Agriculture, Rural Sector, Social Sector (healthcare), Education, Infrastructure, Financial Sector, Governance and Ease of Business, Fiscal Discipline, Tax Reform.

Budget 2016: A Mixed Bag After revising the target of renewable energy capacity to 175GW till 2022 comprising 100GW from Solar, 60GW from Wind and remaining 15GW from other renewable sources and putting forth a strong commitment towards clean energy at the UN Climate Change Conference held in Paris, the industry was expecting tax incentives and financial support to make 'solar' an attractive and viable option. To this effect the FM has proposed modest advances for solar and clean energy in Budget 2016. The FM has allocated an outlay of above Rs.10,000 crore for 2016-17 for the renewable energy sector. This outlay includes Rs.5,000 crore from the National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) with the balance coming from Internal & Extra Budgetary Resource (IEBR). A significant part of viability gap funding for solar power projects

8 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

is intended to be financed out of such cash outlay. Changes have been proposed in the public-private partnership (PPP) mode to revive development of infrastructure. On the taxation front, the clean environment cess on coal, lignite and peat has been doubled from Rs.200 per tonne to Rs.400 per tonne; encouraging the use of renewable sources of energy. The FM in the Budget 2016 has capped the benefits of accelerated depreciation at a maximum of 40% from the original 80% to come into effect from April 2017. This is likely to affect the wind energy industry as almost 70% of the wind capacity in India is build on AD. To access the extend of the impact we have to wait till next year to see how the arrangement pans out. By way of incentive, the FM has reduced excise duty on carbon pultrusions used for manufacture of rotor blades, and intermediates, parts and sub-parts of rotor blades for wind operated electricity generators, to 6 percent from 12.5 percent. At the same time, excise duty on unsaturated polyester resin (polyester-based infusion resin and hand layup resin), hardeners/hardener for adhesive resin, vinyl easter adhesive (VEA)

and epoxy resin used for manufacture of rotor blades, and intermediates, parts and sub-parts of rotor blades for wind-operated electricity generators being increased to 6 percent from nil. Other proposals include extension of benefit of additional depreciation to businesses engaged in the transmission of power and exemption of capital gains arising on account of the appreciation of the rupee against a foreign currency at the time of redemption of rupee-denominated bonds. The final road map for phasing out of tax incentives has also been rolled out. No profit-linked incentives have been extended to the power sector or renewable energy in particular. To this extent, the budget appears to be focusing more on administrative issues within the limits of fiscal prudence, like providing a legal framework for dispute resolution in PPP projects and measures to curb litigation in order to promote a non-adversarial tax regime. However, the government needs to channelize its energizes and focus on solving some key obstacles like policy lag, capital allocations and incentives and reforms in order to provide a fillip to the sector ■

 www.supersmartenergy.com

Accessing the Impact of WTO ruling on the Solar Manufacturing Sector in India You all must be aware that the WTO has ruled against Indiadeclaring the Domestic Content Requirement (DCR) as an illegal policy for India’s solar allocations. Responding to a U.S. complaint, a WTO dispute panel ruled that several provisions of India’s National Solar Mission were “inconsistent” with international trade norms and the types of provisions, called domestic content requirements, are prohibited under most international trade agreements. The panel, however, did not pronounce a verdict on the financial subsidies provided by India for its solar power projects. The WTO ruling has raised alarm bells within the domestic solar manufacturing sector. But, to access the real impact of the ruling on the sector we need to consider the developments in the sector over the last few years in totality. The upward revision of the target under NSM from 30GW to 100GW capacity addition by 2020 has opened up plethora of opportunities in the solar sector in India. In order to promote and protect the domestic industry the government has used DCR as a policy mechanism with an aim to help create a domestic manufacturing base of 4-5GW production capacity per year. To this effect the DCR policy has failed to deliver the desired result. Moreover, the response to the bidding under the DCR category has been less enthusiastic compared to the projects falling under Open Category. Reasons been- manufacturing capacities, financial state of cell manufacturers, quality issues and funding support to these projects. Till date the DCR policy has only helped a handful of domestic players to charge prices that were 10%-15% higher than global prices.

DCR as a policy is applicable only to projects allocated by the central government. With most of the capacity addition taking place at state level, DCR cesses to be a supportive mechanism for sustained development of the manufacturing industry. While several large companies have been looking at setting up cell and module manufacturing capacity in India, DCR has not been their primary driver to make that decision. The Indian government has the right to challenge the WTO judgement and appeal against the ruling and government will take an informed decision on it. But, in order to support the domestic manufacturing industry and make India a solar manufacturing hub the government needs to fix the fundamental issues affecting the development of the industry. There are two policy goals that India is seeking to achieve. One is to promote the ‘Make in India’ initiative and to become self-sufficient in manufacturing high technology products. The other is to generate green energy at a lower cost to meet its growing demands.

to the Make in India initiative, India should look to incentivise production of such products in manners which are WTO compatible like giving direct subsidies to domestic manufacturers, tax breaks, ensuring a strong line of long term credit at low rates, collaborating with global leaders to enhance domestic research and development. Second, to meet the increasing demand for clean energy, India must deeply engage with international partners and get the best available technology at internationally competitive rates. Collaborative research and development projects would help in reducing the cost of energy and increasing efficiency in the long run. At this stage, due to the underdeveloped Indian industry, it would be more efficient, to import the technology, while taking efforts to enhance domestic capabilities. A combination of these measures will lead to greater self-sufficiency and increased capacity in solar energy production ■

In the light of these two goals, India needs to reassess its policies and incentives. To give fillip

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

News Updates Rays Power partners Hilliard Energy for 150 MW solar project Rays Power Infra has partnered with Hilliard Energy to jointly develop 150 MW solar power project, entailing an investment of USD 130 million (about Rs 870 crore). "The company's subsidiary Shining Sun Power has signed a 150-MW project development term sheet with power producer Hilliard Energy, a company incorporated and registered under the laws of Mauritius. Both partners will jointly develop 150 MW of

solar power project with a total investment of USD 130 million," a statement issued stated. In the first phase, a 10-MW solar project is expected to be commissioned in April at Kalwakurthy in Telangana and the power generated will be sold to the state's discoms at a fixed tariff of Rs 6.55 per unit for 25 years. "We are very excited about this new partnership which merges the fund-raising skills of Hilliard Energy with the execution

ReNew Power Signs PPAs for 286 MW Solar Project in Telangana ReNew Power Ventures Private Limited, India's leading solar and wind Energy Company has signed Purchase Power Agreements (PPAs) for four solar ground mounted projects with combined capacity of 286 MW in Telangana. ReNew Power secured the highest capacity among all the bidders for 2000 MW solar projects in the state. Following this, ReNew Power now has become the largest solar energy company in Telangana with a total of 410 MW of commissioned and under construction capacity. Sumant Sinha, Chairman and CEO, ReNew Power said, "The signing of these PPAs gives a further boost to the leadership position that ReNew Power holds in the clean energy space. The project will be implemented in line with our highest quality standards and at a swift pace. We believe Telangana will play an important role in helping India meet its solar energy target of 175 GW capacity by 2022."

is playing a critical role in new capacity addition. We ventured into the solar business in 2014 and have since built a robust pipeline of close to 1000 MW." Founded in 2011 by Sumant Sinha, ReNew Power has more than 2000 MW of commissioned and under-construction clean energy assets. Currently, it operates in eight states (Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh) across the country. The company is backed by marquee investors like Goldman Sachs, Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA), Global Environment Fund and Asian Development Bank ■

Parag Sharma, COO, ReNew Power said, "As the country prepares to scale up its renewable energy capacity, Telangana

10 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

capabilities of our company. We would like to achieve a target of 150 MW in the next 12 months," Rays Power Director Ketan Mehta said. Hilliard Energy Director Brent Hilliard said, "This is an exciting opportunity to invest in highquality solar projects that are fully contracted for the next 25 years. These projects have a good solar resource, making them extremely reliable for many years to come ■

Hero Future Energies Issues $44m Certified Climate Bond Hero Future Energies recently raised Rs 300 crore (around US$44 million) by issuing nonconvertible debentures to finance the development of wind energy projects. The debentures were issued with a certification from the Climate Bonds Initiative. KPMG acts as the verifier for the bonds issue, and released a report stating that the proceeds shall be used for setting up wind energy projects in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh with cumulative capacity of 521.5 MW. KPMG also assessed that the total capital cost for setting up the said capacity will be around Rs 3,229 crore. Hero Future Energies is probably the second Indian developer to have raised funding through green bonds. Last year, CLP India had raised Rs 600 crore (US$90 million) to expand its renewable energy capacity. Last year, the company committed to setting up 2.85 GW of solar power and 2.3 GW of wind energy capacity in India by 2022 ■

 www.supersmartenergy.com

News Updates Alectris and Shri Shakti Alternative Energy collaboration to offer Asset Management services in India Alectris, a global solar asset care innovation firm, and Shri Shakti Alternative Energy Ltd., an early leader of solar development and installation projects in India, announced their collaboration to offer integrated solar performance monitoring, operations and maintenance (O&M), and asset management services for India’s roughly 5.4 GWs currently installed capacity which is targeted to go up to 100 GWs by 2022. At the center of their alliance is the Alectris award winning Solar ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software platform, ACTIS. ACTIS (Asset Control Telemetry Information System) an Award Winning Solar ERP for Solar PV Portfolio Operations, Maintenance and Management was introduced to the India solar market at Indian Power Stations

O&M conference. ACTIS, the world’s first Solar ERP, is developed by Alectris to manage its client PV assets. The software was created within a holistic approach to solar asset care integrating solar monitoring, operations and maintenance and asset management. Over the last two years ACTIS has won the European based Facilities Management Award in Operations Management, most recent in the Best Management Tools category. “The rapid development of solar in India and its promise to fulfill the country’s clean energy needs puts immense pressure on the operational capabilities of these plants,” explains Vassilis Papaeconomou, Managing Director of Alectris. “Our team could not be more pleased to work with Satya Kumar and his team at Shri Shakti. Their substantial contri-

bution to the development of solar in India gives us confidence in their ability to lead the O&M and asset management activities of this market as well. We welcome them to the growing Alectris family of market partners around the world.” Our team embraces the Alectris philosophy of turning solar O&M from an expense item into a profit center for our project stakeholders,” said DV Satya Kumar, Managing Director of Shri Shakti Alternative Energy Ltd. “The alliance with Alectris and their proven Solar ERP, ACTIS, allows us to help project developers and EPC contractors engineer high performing solar power installations and contribute to the performance of those already in operation” ■

SoloPower Systems and Bharat Light and Power team up for Indian Rooftop PV Market SoloPower Systems, the photovoltaic technology company specializing in the design, manufacture and deployment of CIGS flexible thin-film solar technology, announced that Bharat Light and Power, a leader in the Indian renewable energy industry, has signed a collaboration agreement with SoloPower for utilizing its advanced technology panels in the Indian rooftop PV market. SoloPower will supply products for both existing and new roof applications, including the deployment of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), while BLP will provide total energy solutions for customers through its group companies. BLP and SoloPower have secured their first project with a leading Indian conglomerate. The fifty kilowatt solar PV system is expected to be operational by late spring. Commenting on the agreement, Tejpreet S. Chopra, CEO of BLP, said: “We are partnering with SoloPower as they have a unique technology that will open up the Indian market for multiple segments

12 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

including light weight PV and BIPV. We already have an established business developing utility scale renewable projects and have expanded into the distributed generation market as the next big wave of innovation within the Indian PV market. Our government has targeted 40 GW of rooftop PV by 2020 and our newly established partnership with SoloPower will be part of the solution in helping India achieve this goal through disruptive technologies.” Rob Campbell, CEO of SoloPower, added: “India represents a huge opportunity for our technology and has all the key criteria that we are looking for in a target market in terms of scale, need for LPV solutions and strong macro drivers. BLP is an excellent partner for SoloPower in India, they have a strong market position, understand the business and are focused on developing the distributed generation market. We see tremendous long-term potential within India to help drive our overall growth and are very pleased to be working with the BLP team” ■

 www.supersmartenergy.com

India's Largest Exhibition and Conference for the Solar Industry Bombay Exhibition Centre, Hall 1, Mumbai Network with over 11,000 potential business contacts from the solar industry Stay up to date with the latest trends and technological developments Boost your brand visibility with an established B2B event

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News Updates APM Terminals Mumbai goes green with new solar power project APM Terminals inaugurated a new solar power initiative at APM Terminals Mumbai, the busiest container terminal at Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNP), at the Port of Mumbai, serving India’s commercial and financial hub. As part of the clean solar energy project, solar panels have been installed on the roofs of two terminal structures, and the conversion of energy from collected sunlight into stored electricity has commenced. The system became fully operational, with a power generation potential of 361,000 kWh (kilowatt hour) units per year. A feasibility study was completed by the terminal in 2015 on the possibility of generating solar power to reduce conventional electrical power consumption at the facility, which handled

approximately two million TEUs in 2015, representing over 40 percent of the record-breaking 4.48 million TEUs handled by the Mumbai port complex in 2015. The resulting Solar Panel Installation Project to capture and store energy from the sun for use as electrical power for terminal operations will be undertaken in three phases. Phase I of the Solar Power Project, now underway, included the installation and implementation of solar panels on the roofs of the terminal’s workshop and Central Gate Complex. Phase II will see the installation of solar panels on the roof tops of the STS (shipto-shore) crane machine houses, with the expected completion date of June 2016, following trial testing. These new panels will generate an additional 220,000

kWh units per year. Phase III of the project is currently in the conceptual stage, and will call for panels covering a wider surface area, resulting in solar generation of approximately 15 percent of the terminal’s total annual power requirement, approximately five million kWh units per year. “APM Terminals and the APM Terminals Global Terminal Network are always looking for opportunities to improve services and enhance environmentally sustainable business operations; the Mumbai Solar Panel Project reaffirms our commitment to green power and caring for the Indian environment”, said Ravi Gaitonde, COO, APM Terminals Mumbai. ■

Solantro partners with Smarttrak for PV solar solutions in India’s rapidly growing solar industry Solantro Semiconductor is partnering with Smarttrak. This is Solantro’s first engagement to deliver solutions for India’s rapidly growing solar industry. Smarttrak, a Hyderabad, India based company with over 150 employees has selected Solantro’s Digital Power Processing dP2 Chipset to integrate into the control layer of their trackers for remote management. They are expecting to deploy over 160 MW of Solar Tracking Solutions across India this year alone. “Solantro sees tremendous opportunity in India for bottomup electrification using renewables by taking full advantage of our dP2 technology,” said Antoine Paquin, CEO of Solantro. “We are very pleased

to have selected a Canadian platform to grow our business,” noted Bhagawan Gnanapa , CEO of Smarttrak. The adoption of new technology solutions like Solantro’s is a foundation to drive power conversion efficiency and economics. Solantro is forging strong relationships to advance technology developed in Ontario, Canada to make a difference in everyday lives of the Indian population. "We see India as a strategic growth market and will continue to add strategic partnerships for our custom platform to enable rural electrification solutions,” adds Raj Narula, Director India at Solantro.

14 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

Solantro is part of a trade mission led by the Premier of Ontario, Kathleen Wynne, promoting Ontario’s expertise in sustainable development technologies. Ontario passed the Green Energy Green Economy Act in 2009 to expand uptake of renewable energy and foster development of renewable energy technology ■

 www.supersmartenergy.com

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News Updates Hero, ReNew big winners in Karnataka solar power tender Hero Future Energies and ReNew Power emerged big winners in a mega tender for 1,200 MW of solar power capacity floated by the Karnataka government, with both bagging 180 MW each of projects. "This win will establish Hero Future Energies as one of the major players in the solar segment with a pipeline of around 400MW of projects under various stages of execution," said Sunil Jain, its CEO and executive director. The Hero Group firm made the lowest winning price bid in the entire auction at Rs 4.69 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for the talukas of Gangavati, Chikkanayakanhalli, Koratagere and Madhugiri. The highest winning bid in the open bidding was Rs 5.81 per kWh for Nagamangala taluka. All the winning bids were substantially lower than the benchmark tariff of Rs 6.51 per kWh the Karnataka government had set. The lowest winning tariff is a shade below that which won the last solar auction held in Uttar

Pradesh (Rs 4.78 per kwH) in February but higher than the prices touched in Maharashtra (Rs 4.43 per kwH) and Rajasthan (Rs 4.34 per kwH) auctions in January. t Karnataka is the first state to distribute solar contracts across its length and breadth. The location of the proposed solar plants has been dispersed across 60 of the 177 talukas in the state, with each taluka getting between 3 MW and 20 MW. As a result, the winning tariff at different locations varies. Hero Future Energies has won bids of 20 MW each across nine talukas, quoting tariffs between Rs 4.69 and Rs 4.86 per kWh. ReNew Power has also 20MW bids in nine other talukas at prices between Rs 4.76 and Rs 5.05 per kWh. Other winners in Karnataka included the Aditya Birla Group (40 MW), Essel Green Energy (65 MW), Marikal Solar Park (60 MW) and SunEdison (20 MW). A dozen talukas, accounting for a total of 240 MW, received no bids at all and will have to be retendered ■

Himachal Pradesh Sets 700 MW Solar Power Target The state of Himachal Pradesh is not the most sought-after location to set up solar power projects yet, but the government has set a target to install 700 MW of solar power capacity under its revised policy. The state government has revised its solar power policy in light of the upgraded solar power target of 100 GW operational capacities by March 2022 stated by the central government. In order to achieve this national target, the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy had stated

that Himachal Pradesh should have an installed capacity of 776 MW by March 2022. The state plans to source at least 19% of its total electricity demand from renewable energy sources, which includes 3% from solar power projects by 2022. The central government, on the other hand, recently revised the solar RPO target to 8% by 2022; this is another reason for the revision of the solar power policy by the Himachal Pradesh government ■

16 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

Welspun Renewables expands solar capacity in Punjab India’s leading solar energy generator continues to increase the size of its solar portfolio with 4 MW-AC more capacity in the north Indian state of Punjab. The solar and wind IPP completed the 32 MW-AC Bhatinda PV plant last year- at the time reportedly Punjab’s largest. The two projects combined will feed 54.37 million units of clean energy annually to the grid. “With each project the organization commissions, we are helping the country move closer to meeting its clean energy targets,” said Welspun Renewables Vice Chairman Vineet Mittal. The group, which is currently present in 10 states across India, has set a steady stream of benchmarks by commissioning some of the largest solar projects in the country ■

TMC receives four state-level awards for power conservation The energy conservation efforts of Thane Municipal Corporation (TMC) have earned the civic body four state-level awards respectively. The conservation methods of the TMC include LED street lights, use of solar power and power saving efforts in government buildings, auditoriums and hospitals among others. Thane is also one of the 15 pilot solar cities in India selected by the center, under solar city programme ■  www.supersmartenergy.com

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IPPAI REGULATORY & POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Building Cerebral Capacity for the Power Sector

Regulatory & Policy Framework in the Power Sector – Module II Renewable Energy & Challenge in Mainstreaming Infirm Power (Focus: Grid Integration, Energy Efficiency, Ancillary Services)

Date: April 13 – 17, 2016 (Wednesday - Sunday) | Venue: IRPRI Resort, Belgundi, Belgaum, Karnataka, India

About IRPRI

The IPPAI Regulatory & Policy Research Institute (IRPRI) offers 5 day, fully residential training programs under its capacity building initiative on key areas of the power sector for Regulators, Policy Makers, IPPs, RE firms, Distribution Licensees, Transcos, NLDC, RLDCs, SLDCs, SEZs, Government Departments, 1MW+ power consumers and key stakeholders.

Curriculum: April 13-17, 2016

• Investment plans and strategies to meet future clean energy demand • Financing, land acquisition & evacuation issues • Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPOs), Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) • Green Corridor / Grid Integration: Impact of large-scale renewable integration on the grid • Grid-Connected Rooftop Solar, Mandatory net metering (NEM)/feed-in tariff (FiT) regimes

• Forecasting / Scheduling and settlement of RE power in 15 min. time blocks, deviation settlement; Plan for Renewable Energy Management Centers (REMCs) • Ancillary Services & Deployment of Energy Storage schemes: Technologies, Regulatory Requirements, Financing & Viability • Distributed generation / Mini-Grid Deployments in Rural India & Islands

Faculty Members and Speakers at IRPRI Dr. Pramod Deo Former Chairman CERC

Mr. Salman Khurshid Former Cabinet Minister Ministry of External Affairs

Mr. Anand Kumar Chairman Meghalaya State Electricity Regulatory Commission

Mr. Ismail Ali Khan Chairman Telangana State Electricity Regulatory Commission

Mr. Kulamani Biswal Director (Finance) NTPC

Mr. VP Raja Former Chairman MERC

Mr. Ajit Pandit Director Idam Infrastructure

Mr. Dilip Joshi Former Superintending Engineer Gujarat SLDC GETCO

Mr. Suhas Tuljapurkar Director, Legasis Services

Mr. VK Agrawal Former Executive Director, POSOCO

Mr. Rajesh Mediratta Director Indian Energy Exchange

Dr. GC Datta Roy Advisor DESL

Mr. Suman Kumar Director Sun Edison

Mr. Balawant Joshi Managing Director Idam Infrastructure

Who should attend: SERCs, Government Departments, IPPs, Solar Power Producers, Wind Power Producers, Captive Power Producers, Renewable Energy Firms, Investors and Equipment Companies, Distribution Licensees, Transcos, NLDC, RLDCs, SLDCs, SEZs, 1MW+ power consumers, DCs under PAT Scheme of BEE, Consultants, Law Firms, Banks and key stakeholders.

IRPRI Calendar 2016 Jun 15-19, 2016 Aug 3-7, 2016 Nov 9-13, 2016

Power Market Reforms (Stressed Assets, Separation of Content and Carriage, Consumer Choice) Smart Energy for Smart Cities (Focus: Smart Grids, Separation of Content and Carriage) Regulatory and Policy Framework of the Power Sector

Past Participants  JK CEMENT  JSWPTC  OPTCL  ESSAR  ADANI  CESC LTD.  MSEDCL  IEE  GLOBAL ENERGY  COAL INDIA LTD  MARUTI SUZUKI

For course related information:

Mr. Dharun Kapur | 9717063202 | dharun@ippaimail.org

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News Updates Policy on Solar Capacity Panels in Indian Railways

GE to Evaluate Renewable Integration and Energy Storage Possibilities in India

Indian Railways have finalized a policy for harnessing solar energy on rooftops of Railway premises. The policy provides for setting up solar power plants through developer mode with a long term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) by Railways.

GE has announced that its Energy Consulting business has been chosen by IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited (IL&FS Energy) to examine the feasibility of integrated wind, solar and energy storage projects at its sites in Ramagiri (Andhra Pradesh) and Nana Layja (Gujarat), India.

In order to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, it has been intended to expand sourcing of solar power as part of the Solar Mission of Indian Railways. By generating electricity from solar panels, there will be proportionate reduction in consumption of fossil fuels. As per the existing policy, rooftops of Railway premises including Railway Stations are planned to be utilized for setting up solar power panels. As part of action plan for 2016-17, Zonal Railways have started the process of setting up of about 50 MW solar power plants ■

“Energy storage technologies are essential to the integration of renewable. They help to address the variability of wind and solar PV generation and make renewable energy more acceptable to the grid,” said Sunil Wadhwa, managing director, IL&FS Energy. “For commercial deployment of these technologies, a robust regulatory framework needs to be in place. The flexibility and cost reductions that energy storage technologies provide to grid infrastructure would allow India to achieve an efficient, low-carbon intensity trajectory. The current challenge, however, is to address the initial high cost through a regulatory framework.” “Energy storage can be particularly helpful for integrating variable renewable generation in India since the technical infrastructure and market mechanisms available at the disposal of many other power grids are not yet available in the country. As the costs start to come down, energy storage will become an integral part of India’s grid,” said Sundar Venkataraman, technical director, GE’s Energy Consulting business. “By taking a look at the impact of renewable integration with energy storage systems on India’s power grid, we can provide valuable information to help the country best design its future grid.” GE expects to complete the project this summer ■

India Plans to Add 12 GW Solar Power, 4.1 GW Wind Energy Capacity in 2016–2017 Buoyed by the sharp increase in solar power capacity addition in FY2015–2016, the Indian Government has set ambitious capacity addition targets for FY2016–2017 as well. The new target is higher than the earlier estimates of the MNRE. In October, a document released by the ministry suggested that around 10.8 GW of solar power capacity could be added in FY2016–2017. The Ministry estimated that a total of 9,244 MW solar power capacity may be added under the central govern-

ment policies, while 1,615 MW capacity may be added under the state solar power policies. For FY2015–2016, the solar power capacity addition target has been set at 1,400 MW, with 1,489 MW capacity having already been added by 31 January 2016. The ministry expected to add 4.3 GW capacity in FY2015–2016 so any shortfall may see installation in FY2016-17, and thus the increase target. Wind energy capacity addition target for FY2016–2017 has been

18 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

set at 4.1 GW, compared to 2.4 GW in FY2015–2016. Some may call the target to be ambitious, especially since the government is set to limit a crucial financial incentive for wind energy project developers. Against the wind energy target of 2.4 GW in FY2015–2016 just 1.7 GW was added until 31 January 2016. However, there remains a healthy pipeline of projects under developments across the various states ■

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Inox bags PTC Energy's 20 MW IFC lends Ostro wind power project in Madhya Energy $177 Million for Wind Energy Pradesh Project In India Inox Wind Limited has nance services to PEL. Inox bagged an order for a 20 MW wind power project to be set up at Nipaniya, Mandsaur in the state of Madhya Pradesh from PTC Energy Limited (PEL), a whollyowned subsidiary of PTC India Limited, the leading provider of power trading solutions in the country. The order is PTC Energy Limited’s first order with Inox Wind and the project is due to be commissioned by March 2016. Inox Wind’s Nipaniya site has the common infrastructure facilities already commissioned and the facilities are capable of supporting power evacuation of 200 MW. As part of the turnkey order, Inox Wind will be responsible for the entire project lifecycle from manufacture and supply of wind turbine generators (WTGs) to erection and commissioning as well as providing long term operations and mainte-

Wind will supply and install 10 units of its best-in-class 2MW DFIG 93.3 rotor diameter WTGs for the PEL’s 20 MW project. “We are delighted that Inox Wind has won its first order from one of India’s leading corporate entities. The order has further strengthened Inox Wind’s position as the leading wind power solutions provider across major institutions in the country. We are happy to partner with PTC Energy Limited in augmenting their renewable asset base and reducing the nation’s carbon footprint,” said Kailash Tarachandani, chief executive officer of Inox Wind Limited.

In addition to 20 MW Nipaniya project, PEL is developing another 30 MW wind power project in MP. Thus, a total of 50 MW wind power is stated to be commissioned in this financial year ■

Wind turbine makers seek higher tariff in Telangana Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association (IWTMA) has sought higher tariff for wind energy in Telangana to encourage more companies to set up projects in the state. Telangana has the potential for 4,000 MW wind energy generation, IWTMA Chairman and Deputy Managing Director of RRB Energy Limited, Sarvesh Kumar, said at a workshop to discuss the outlook for the wind power sector in Telangana. "The tariff should be in the range of Rs 6 per unit. The tariff offered was much lower in the undivided state. We are going to convey the same to the government also. Telangana has tremendous opportunity, with over 4,244 MW of wind power potential at 100 metre hub height, as estimated by the National Institute of Wind Energy," he said. IWTMA, in partnership with CII-Godrej GBC, organised a workshop to discuss the outlook for the wind power sector in Telangana■

Ostro Energy, an emerging wind energy developer in India, has secured debt financing from the International Finance Corporation for two large-scale wind energy projects. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) provided debt-finance for two wind energy projects planned by Ostro Energy in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with a combined installed capacity of 197.4 MW. Total cost of the two projects will be around $246 million, of which around 72% will be provided by IFC in terms of debt financing. IFC shall directly provide an ‘A’ loan worth $59 million, and will mobilise another $118 million. The two projects will be developed by Suzlon Energy, an integrated wind energy solution provider in India, which will be responsible for land acquisition, supply of wind turbines, and commissioning. Ostro Energy currently has an installed wind energy capacity of 76 MW in India, but is looking to increase its installed base rapidly. The company has projects with cumulative installed capacity of 325 MW under construction across the states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh. Ostro Energy is backed by private equity fund Actis which invested $230 million in the company last year. Ostro Energy placed an order for 200 MW of wind energy projects with Gamesa last year. The projects will be developed in Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. Gamesa will supply G07-2.0 metre turbines for the two projects. The project in Andhra Pradesh will be commissioned by December 2016 while the project in Madhya Pradesh will be operational by February 2017. The wind energy project developer also placed an order for 100 MW wind energy project planned in Madhya Pradesh with Indian wind turbine manufacturer Inox Wind. The project is part of a larger 200 MW project ■

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Event Report India’s future energy imperatives against the backdrop of the Middle-East crisis and global economic slowdown Goa’s strategic location in western India and its proximity to Mumbai gives it a unique advantage of being an ideal energy hub as well as a landing port for LNG. With India’s economy expected to leapfrog to the next level of growth, Goa plays a critical role in being a future hotspot for energy trading. Keeping this in mind, the Independent Power Producers Association of India (IPPAI) decided to shift its annual flagship international event the Asia Energy Security Summit (AESS) to Goa. The event, held from March 1-3, 2016, in Radisson Goa Candolim, focussed on the security of energy assets, an alarming spread of ISIS across the MiddleEast, sustained low oil prices, rise in cyber security threats and constant threats related to security of critical energy infrastructure. The summit also delved on the future of shale gas and its viability in the long run, and focussed on renewable sources of energy especially hydro power generation and promotion of energy efficiency. AESS brought together representatives from across Asia including government authorities, technical and energy experts, policymakers from energy ministries, senior diplomats, academicians and head of industries to discuss and debate issues relating to the entire energy spectrum, identify prospects, develop solutions and know about major forthcoming issues. This year, the speakers came together to throw light on the following issues: • The new geopolitics of energy: developments and changing relations in the Gulf • Depressed oil prices: chal-

lenges and opportunities • Asia’s access to energy challenge in the Indian Ocean region • Regulatory and policy challenges for cross-border trade of electricity in the SAARC region • Connecting Tajikistan to Singapore through an integrated grid • Geopolitics of water, hydro power potential and the possible water related face-offs • Alternative energy options for smart cities in Asia • Protection of critical energy infrastructure from cyber attacks Talking about the geopolitics in the Gulf region, Mr. Kayhan Barzegar, Director, Institute of Middle East Strategic Studies, said: “The implementation of the nuclear deal and lifting of sanctions from Iran will strengthen multilateralism in Iran’s foreign policy and this opens a new vista of opportunity for both Iranian and Indian companies to start a new generation of joint ventures in energy and related sectors as well as coast-based energy hubs. With regard to energy security challenges, Ambassador Talmiz Ahmad, Former Indian Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, Oman and

20 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

the UAE, said that the ongoing turmoil in West Asia constitutes a serious threat to India’s energy security interests and jeopardises its economic links with the region and the welfare of its 8-million strong community. “In this situation, India did not have the luxury of sitting on the fence while security in the region continued to deteriorate,” said Mr. Ahmad. He strongly suggested that India should work closely with other Asian countries which had a similar abiding interest in regional stability to work together to promote engagement between Saudi Arabia and Iran, the estranged Asian giants in West Asia and promote a collective security framework for the region. The final day of the summit focussed on issues related to water management for India’s upcoming smart city program. This time the event saw considerable participation from the Middle-East including Dr. Mohammed Salih A. Almadi, OPEC Governor for Saudi Arabia■

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The 12th Edition of ELECRAMA Delivers a Power Punch The 12th edition of ELECRAMA, the World’s largest Transmission and Distribution Exhibition was a power packed event, which was held at BIEC, Bengaluru from 13th -17th February, 2016. The event witnessed the presence of who’s who in the power industry both domestic and international. The five days international flagship event of IEEMA was inaugurated by Shri Piyush Goyal, Hon’ble Minister of State (IC) for Power Coal, New & Renewable Energy, Government of India, in the presence of the Energy Minister of State of Karnataka, Mr D K Shivakumar, Power Secretary, Mr P K Pujari, Coal Secretary, Mr Anil Swarup, State Power Secretaries, CMDs of Power Utilities, Senior officials of Ministry of Power, Mr Babu Babel, President, IEEMA, ELECRAMA 2016, Organising Committee Chairman, Mr. Aaditya R Dhoot, senior bureaucrats and industry leaders. The show provided the stakeholders in the power industry a worldview on technology, best practices, new systems and forecasting the trends in the future of electricity, both from the technology and a socio-economic point of view. The event is the largest and most prestigious event in its

space in the world. Spread over a gross area of 84,000 m2, the exhibition hosted visitors from over 120 countries and overall more than 120,000 footfall. There were over 1000 exhibitors showcasing diverse products, technologies and solutions. There were many co-located and concurrent event where Hon’ble Minister for Railways Shri Suresh Prabhu and Hon’ble Minister for Heavy Industries Shri Anant Geete marked their presence. The details of the events are as follows

World Utility summit

World Utility Summit was a pioneering thought leadership forum, attempted to set the agenda for the future, actively playing the role of a key enabler for the ecosystem, to develop optimal solutions, technology and products. The summit was the first step in the long journey in order to create integrated and sustainable utilities of the future. Hon’ble Railways Minister, Shri Suresh Prabhu inaugurated the World Utility Summit (WUS) uring ELECRAMA 2016 – World Electricity Forum. The three-day World Utility Summit hosted senior leaders of utilities, energy efficiency bodies, standards organizations, regulators, finance professionals and policy makers from around the world.

Reverse Buyer Seller Meet Reverse Buyer Seller Meet (RBSM), the biggest meeting place of International Buyers who plan to source electrical products and equipment from India concluded with $400mn business at ELECRAMA 2016. In line with the PM Narendra Modi’s vision of Make In India, RBSM is a platform for Indian industry to showcase its competitive products and ser-

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Event Report vices. Fifty two countries from across the globe are attending the RBSM where buyers from Africa, ASEAN, CIS, and SAARC, along with Iran are participating.

International T&D Conclave Along with ELECRAMA-2016, the International T&D Conclave was organized by IEEMA, which offered a platform for the power industry to discuss challenges and solutions with regard to the transmission and distribution sector. Hon’ble Minister of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises of India, Mr Anant Geete inaugurated the International T&D Conclave during ELECRAMA 2016. The theme of the conclave is Technology & Demand.

CIGRE Tutorials One of the interesting concurrent events at ELECRAMA has to be the CIGRE Tutorials. This edition concentrated on five topics—Overhead Lines, Smart Grids, HVDC, Substations, HV Equipment. The tutorials was held at the Renewable Energy Pavilion at Hall 5 of BIEC, Bengaluru. The welcome address was given by Director, CIGRE (India) and Director Central Board of Irrigation and Power, PP Wahi, and Secretary, CIGRE (India) and Director Central Board of Irrigation and Power, VK Kanjlia.

Network2Networth

Being one of the first of its kind interactive platform— ‘NETWORK2NETWORTH’ —has been organized concurrently with ELECRAMA-2016 by IEEMA. The two-day event began on February 16, 2016. The objective of this platform is to bridge the gap between the finance and power sector.

Innovation day- Engineer Infinite - ELECRAMA 2016 As a part of innovation day, EI16 (Short form of Engineer Infinite 2016) was the Student Project Competition running concurrently with ELECRAMA-2016 exhibition this competition was an opportunity to the students of engineering (Diploma, UG, PG and Research Scholars) to leverage their theoretical knowledge and creativity to address diverse real life issues

that need attention, in the electrical energy sector.

Foray of Renewable pavilion in ELECRAMA 2016 Renewables are going to be an essential part of the energies of the future. Realizing the importance of this factor, for the first time, a dedicated pavilion was planned at ELECRAMA-2016 for companies offering renewable energy related technologies. The pavilion gave platform for equipment manufacturers, public sector representatives from renewable sector to display and interact with visitors.

Electricity: How it began ELECRAMA-2016 took us back to the origins of Electricity. Though the idea of electricity was sparked in the early 1800s, the visually delightful journey of the '125 years of electricity' pavilion started from 1879, when Thomas Alva Edison invented commercially viable electricity. What started then as an invention has now become one of the basic needs of life.

International participation ELECRAMA-2016 witnessed participation from Countries like that of Germany, Taiwan, Korea, South Africa, Nepal, Kingdom of Lesotho to name a few ■

22 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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NATIONAL ORIX, IL&FS form joint venture for clean energy projects IL&FS announced that Japanbased financial services Group ORIX Corp has set up a joint venture with it to expand presence in wind energy and plans to implement 2,000 MW solar power projects in India. "ORIX Corporation... has expanded its presence in the renewable energy sector, through a joint venture with IL&FS for the Wind Energy business in India," IL&FS said in a statement released.

Indo Rama Renewable sells 30 MW wind farm in Maharashtra to Tata Power Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited (TPREL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Tata Power, India’s largest integrated power company, has signed a share purchase agreement (SPA) to acquire Indo Rama Renewables Jath Limited (IRRJL) which owns a 30 MW wind farm in Sangli District of Maharashtra. IRRJL’s wind farm in Sangli, which is fully operational since July 2013. The wind farm comprises 15 numbers of 2000 KW G 97 wind turbine generators (WTGs) supplied by Gamesa India.

ATN enters Indian renewable energy business ATN subsidiary Ahana Renewables has purchased the development business of Armstrong Energy Global, a developer of solar farms in India. Vibrant Energy Holdings, a subsidiary of Ahana, has retained the Armstrong management team to oversee the development, construction and operation of solar energy projects in Southern India.

CDPQ sets up office in India: commits $150 million for

renewable energy Canada's second largest pension fund Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec or CDPQ has announced its India entry by appointing Anita Marangoly George, as its managing director for South Asia. The fund has also chosen India as its first emerging market to invest $150 million in country's renewable energy sector in next three years.

Government working on a policy to boost large-scale solar manufacturing Government is working on a policy to boost large-scale solar equipment production facilities that will be soon sent for the Cabinet's approval, New & Renewable Energy Minister Piyush Goyal has said. The minister added: "We are trying to bring in a policy wherein we are thinking what support we can extend for large-scale production of equipment like silicon wafers. A policy in this regards is being considered which will be put up for Cabinet approval soon for quantum jump in domestic production of solar equipment."

Su-Kam sees strong demand for rooftop solar power systems Su-Kam, a manufacturer of ongrid and off-grid power backup systems, has seen its overseas market expand rapidly over the past year. The company has focussed on the export markets for backup power systems in the backdrop of a relatively slow domestic market as grid power situation stabilises. But the technology-driven company has new products in the offing as demand for renewable energy, particularly rooftop solar power systems, take off.

28 MW solar power project

connected to grid: Hartek Power Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) Company Hartek Power announced that it has successfully connected two solar power projects of 28 MW to the grid for a leading solar developer in Muktsar district of Punjab. With this, Hartek Power has become the first company to accomplish the task under Phase 2 of the state's renewable energy policy, a company release said.

Trina Solar acquires Solland Solar's factory in Heerlen The Chinese module manufacturer Trina Solar is acquiring the solar factory of the insolvent manufacturer Solland Solar. The company has announced that the factory will begin producing again during the coming weeks. It is located in the cross-border industrial park Avantis in Heerlen (Netherlands) and Aachen (Germany).

Delta's Solar Tracking Solution Contributes to Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project Delta Group announced its participation in SolarReserve's Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project, the world's largest concentrating solar power plant with integrated molten salt energy storage. A key part of the electricity generation operation, Delta's solar tracking solution offers industry leading performance and pointing accuracy to help synchronize and manage over 10,000 tracking mirrors, called heliostats. The heliostats reflect the sun's thermal energy to a receiver tower, resulting in the generation of clean renewable electricity. Now operational, the Crescent Dunes facility can produce more than 500 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year to power 75,000 homes during peak demand periods, even after sunset, using only the power of the sun ■

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Tech Focus

Role of Forecasting & Scheduling in Integration of Renewable Energy in Grid at a Large Scale Authored by: Amresh Khosla Executive Director, Manikaran Analytics Limited

ndia is continuously looking forward to promote more nonconventional sources of energy generation under the leadership of Honorable Prime Minister of India. In last 2 years, in power sector lot of things have changed from renovation & modernization, capacity addition, coal block allocation etc. But increase in generation from conventional plants had its drawback too i.e. increasing global warming levels. Ministry of Power have set a target to achieve by 2022 to add renewable power generation in the country to the tune of 100GW solar and 60GW wind against the current installed capacity of 6 GW solar and 25 GW wind. The overall target to be achieved is five times the current capacity. But doing so has itself various challenges as Renewable power

is infirm in nature and more dependency on this source can lead us to a situation where grid can become unstable. The responsibility of maintaining and managing a national grid with such infirm power is a tough task. One solution to maintain the grid is to forecast and schedule the infirm power for each 15-minute time block with utmost accuracy. Though current available weather prediction might not provide us a 100 per cent accurate solution, but it can at least avoid uncertainties. Since, India has huge potential of Wind (onshore and offshore both) and Solar but still some of state entities where renewable has huge potential are in deficit due to poor infrastructure and lack of balancing/governing of power which can be easily managed up to some mark via forecasting &

NEW GRID

Past More Installations of Brown Power, easy to schedule Seprate NEW Grid

SR GRID

Seprate SR Grid Raw Product, measurable: coal, Diesel, Uranium Black Out in Nothern Region due to Grid Disturbance because of frequency Drop

24 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

Present

Scheduling of renewable power. Appropriate use of forecast for scheduling is also expected to reduce commercial impact for wind and solar energy generators. It is understood that the Renewable Energy Management Centers (REMCs) are being established and these would be equipped with advanced forecasting tools to manage the grid. A wind/solar energy generator may choose to use forecast given by REMC/concerned RLDC or can use its own forecast. However, any commercial impact on account of scheduling based on the forecast would be borne by the wind/solar energy generator. Authorities such as the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) and Forum Of Regulators (various State electricity regulators – SERCs such as RERC, KERC,

Future Coal 60.5% Gas 8.7% Diesel 0.4% Nuclear 2.0% Hydel 15.1% Other RE 13.3%

One National Grid Uncertain form of power Renewable Energy introduced in huge quantum If injection of Power & Drawl unknown to Grid operator: can lead to Grid disturbance

175 GW Projected Installation of Renewables by 22 Uncertain form of power Renewable Energy Higher Projected target as compared to current installations Raw product, Nature Dependent: Wind, radiations and water One National Grid with Majority of inﬁrm power: Renewables If injection of Power & Drawl unknown to Grid operator: can lead to Grid disturbance

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NWP Model Gridded Data

Various NWP Models are employed which provide the data at diﬀerent grid points and at various vertical pressure levels across India. These grids are irrespective of the location of Wind Farm. So it is required to extrapolate this NWP data to the desired Wind Farm Level using diﬀerent modelling techniques Wind Speed & Wind Directions are derived at Wind Farm Level Which are further trained via Statistical approaches.

Wind Farm/ Cluster/ Turbines

MPERC, TNERC) have already come out with an inter-State mechanism for inter-State connected wind/ solar plants and proposed regulation for intra-State connected renewable power generating stations, respectively, wherein the forecast shall be made available on day-ahead as well as intra-day revisions limited to 16 revisions a day, each at least four time blocks ahead.

Better forecasting will put green energy on a path of continued growth and penetration into the global energy mix. Forecasting can be beneficial for following purpose: ii Reduced imbalance charges and penalties; ii Competitive knowledge advantage in real time and “day ahead” energy market trading; ii For operations and mainte-

nance planning. Accurate wind power forecasts are also important in reducing the occurrence or length of curtailments (which translate into cost savings), improved worker safety, and mitigating the physical impacts of extreme weather on wind power systems. The suggested approach for ultra-short-term & short-term forecast shall be a combination of higher spatial resolution Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) data along with statistical downscaling technique (generally released by meteorological departments of various countries at various vertical pressure levels for different spatial and temporal resolutions) along with various downscaling techniques such as physical and statistical which includes various models like CFD, WRF and machine learning models such as Artificial Neural Networks, ARIMA,

and Dynamic Model Output Statistics after significant research for particular sites. However, to obtain precise forecast the post processed outputs can be trained with real time updates from local sites for bias correction and to take consideration of local weather changes. Also, various critical factors such as site-specific power curves, orography, roughness class, wake effects, turbulence and line losses consideration under modelling steps lead to accurate forecast. However, there are tools available in market, which are derived purely by statistical approaches and use persistence forecast. These models can only be accurate for ultra-short term forecast and sometimes intra-day forecasts if real time updates from local sites are available periodically,

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Tech Focus CERC’s RRF Mechanism 2013 Accuracy with respect to scheduling ad exemption band of +/- 30%. Linked with grid frequency to penalize or incentivise generators for forecasting.

Gaming was possible at large extent

Drafted Imbalance handling of RE generation 2015 Accuracy with respec to schedule and exemption band of +/- 12%. Fixed penalties and was linked with REC’s

Gaming possible, Huge loss to generators

CERC’s Inter-state & F.O.R Model regulation 2015 Accuracy with respect to Avalable capacity and exemption band of +/- 15%. Fixed penality on either side( over or under injection).

but the said models will not be able to provide significant results for short-term and medium-term forecasts which include intra-day, day-ahead or week-ahead forecasts, respectively, in the absence of NWP models. Moreover, a slight interruption in the availability of real-time data from a site can have adverse effect on forecast accuracy. Similarly, to forecast solar power one should consider irradiance forecasts, cloud cover and motion vectors from NWP feed and satellite data along with critical statistical approach to incorporate various factors such as solar time, sun trajectory, albedo etc. to obtain POA (Plane of Array irradiance) and power forecasts. POA is dependent upon several factors like Position of Sun, Array orientation (fixed or tracking based), Irradiance components etc..

GRAPH 2

70%

Actual CUF%

60% 40% 30% 20% 10% 10 0%

Jan

Feb Mar

Apr May

Model Accuracy for Forecasting & Scheduling in India Since 2010 the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) has come up with various regulatory mechanisms to make forecasting successful in India. The mechanisms are highlighted in Table A: The latest regulation by CERC for inter-State wind/solar genera-

Forecasted CUF%

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 10 0%

Jan

Feb Mar

Apr May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

80 MW Wind Farm in the state of Andhra Pradesh in a Semi- Complex Terrain Actual Vs Predicted C.U.F throughout the year 2015

Actual CUF%

60%

Forecasted CUF%

50%

GRAPH 1

70%

Makes sense, No gaming possible

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

75 MW Wind Farm in the state of Maharashtra in a Complex Terrain Actual Vs Predicted C.U.F throughout the year 2015

26 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

tors and the FOR model regulation that provides an exemption of +/-15 per cent of available capacity from schedule, provides a breather to power generators and the commercial mechanism restricts the generators to only pay for the deviations and not to receive anything for remaining within the exemption limit. Since India has a tropical climate and a varying wind pattern that keeps changing throughout the year due to different topographies, it becomes more difficult to make accurate predictions. However, if correct approach is adopted, accurate predictions can be achieved. The graphical representations illustrated in Graphs 1, 2 & 3 show various wind power generation patterns across different States of India. The capacity utilization factor (CUF) has been calculated

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for actual and forecasted generation by accumulating values for each 15-minute time block for an entire one-month data. The above graphs wherein the time block-wise data is accumulated for a month shows good accuracy, which indicates that overall deviations were not widely spread. But the challenge remains to achieve a remarkably good accuracy for each individual time block that has remained most of the time within exemption range recommended by CERC. Considering the exemptions allowed by CERC or Forum of regulators, some results have been analysed for a sample data set for a wind site. Results are simulated for complex terrain 70MW wind site where forecasting is active since last two years. For calculation purpose the PPA rate has been assumed as Rs. 5.80 per unit. The commercial impact has been calculated considering an exemp-

GRAPH 3

70%

Actual CUF%

60%

Forecasted CUF%

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 10 0%

Jan

Feb Mar

Apr May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

25 MW Wind Farm in the state of Gujrat in a Flat Terrain Actual Vs Predicted C.U.F throughout the year 2015

tion of +/-15% of AvC as well as considering the same as +/-10% of AvC (available capcity). The forecasting models improve with the passage of time and the accuracy also improves. Algorithms are developed keeping in mind factors such as India’s tropical climate, curtailments etc. and are further evolved to provide accurate results for short-term and ultra-short term forecasts.

SmartEnergy Complete Renewable Energy Intelligence

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The good thing is that the Indian market has started evolving with respect to analytics involved in renewable energy. The future of renewable energy forecasting and scheduling looks optimistic, and the “2022 VISION” to integrate 175 GW of renewables in the national grid by reducing uncertainties seems within reach. This will also enable establishment of green corridor and smart grids in India ■

Perspective

The ﬁrst manufacturing plant of its kind for Siemens next generation blade technology designed for Siemens SWT-6.0-154 6 megawatt (MW) wind turbine

Wind of Change: The Dynamic Challenge of Wind Turbine Upscaling

hen it comes to wind turbines, bigger is generally better. Longer blades generate more power and taller structures are cheaper to construct and maintain than several smaller ones with the same output. That’s the reason why the turbine size has been growing steadily in the last 30 years. Over the past 30 years, wind turbines have more than quadrupled in size. The blade diameter of today's models can surpass the length of a football field. In the 1980s, a typical wind turbine was rated with a capacity of about 50 kilowatts of electricity. Today, a large land-based turbine has a capacity of 3,000 kilowatts

(3 megawatts). There are developers working on wind turbines as large as 10 MW for offshore installations. But on land, the most common turbines are from 1.5 MW to 2 MW. At today's capacities, 500 super-sized turbines could be installed instead of 1,000 smaller ones. By generating more energy these giant machines are making wind energy more competitive.

and longer turbine blades. However, the first manufacturing constraint in producing longer and better performing blades is often factory size. The demand for greater blade sizes often exceeds the physical constraints of existing facilities. Thus it becomes imperative to focus on innovation in manufacturing technology to enable better capacity utilization.

But larger Wind turbines come with its set of challenges too. It becomes important to invest in material and process innovation to enable longer and more efficient blade designs. Another part of the recipe for success is working through efficient and affordable manufacturing set-ups, based on high volumes of larger turbines

Building longer blades presents unique design challenges, which involves re-thinking materials, structure, and other features. For example, a new hybrid carbon and glass-fiber blade was recently commercialized that extends blade length without compromising weight. Carbon fiber is already used extensively in the aerospace

28 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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industryâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;in the Boeing 787, Airbus 350, Bombardier LearJet 85, and Goodrich enginesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;where higher strength, lower weight, and greater fuel efficiency are design goals. Longer blades also pose unique transportation challenges as they are too large for trucks to transport on most roads. Moreover today's blades are more prone to the effects of wear and tear than most other turbine components and this includes additional factors, such as the harshness of the environment and the potential for damage during transportation. Modular blades provide one answer to the transportation challenge. The segmented blade design provides for onsite assembly through a reliable bolted joint or a fusion system. This avoids the need for expensive cranes and

specialized trucks because the blades are transported in separate parts. Once on site and fully constructed, turbine downtime is another potentially costly concern wind-turbine owners try to avoid. According to a report, blades have the highest failure rate of any wind-turbine component and the problems are not age related. The report categorizes the common causes of blade failure, from lightning damage to human error to manufacturing defects. Thus it becomes important to implement checks and reviews throughout a blade's manufacturing process, and through transportation and construction. Ultimately it's in the interests of all parties to minimize unscheduled downtime, along with the frequency and severity of turbine failures.

Notwithstanding the complexities involved in the design and development of large size turbines, the wind turbine market has grown rapidly with the size of wind turbines. The turbine size reflects the market reality where the average wind turbine size is constantly increasing. Though it is difficult to predict the average size of the wind turbine or how far the up scaling can be performed. With the growing size of the turbine the technology has developed rapidly. While research is advancing blade technology and seeding industry innovation, there are still many gaps in knowledge and practice. Nevertheless, the challenges have not stopped the wind capacities from growing and this demonstrates that large size wind turbine technology is a mainstream technology at this point of time. â&#x2013;

BANGALORE-MYSORE-HUBLI-MUMBAI B-21/2, 1st Floor, KSSIDC Industrial Estate, Veerasandra, Hosur Road, Electronic City Post, Bengaluru- 560100, India Tel: +91 80 65356633, Fax: +91 80 22234339, E-mail: info@urjasolutions.com, skype: raj.urja URL: www.urjasolutions.com

Interview

Dr. Abhimanyu Detha

CEO & Managing Director, Gangadan Energy (P) Ltd. (Renewable Energy Research & Consultant)

"Our focus is to make renewable energy affordable and more profit making at community based model"

.Tell us more about Gangadan Energy’s wind energy business? We are working with renewable energy for more than a decade. Our specialty is as third party consultant- like project’s techno-commercial assessment, cross-verification, investment risk & securities. We also undertake renewable energy market research & policy analysis. If you want to develop wind farm, first you need to know about the supporting Government policies, determine wind resources and define your site. If you make a small error in all three measurements, then you can face with a

big problem in the future. That’s why techno-commercial analysis is very critical step of wind power business along with Government policies. Gangadan Energy is a researchbased company and we are specialist in research & Analysis field. Our vast experience in analyzing onshore site condition helps clients to choose the most appropriate technology and site to achieve the lowest cost of energy, and understand the environmental conditions of the site. We deliver techno-commercial guidance as a third party consultant, policy analysis, arranging the PPA, foreign funding, EPC and O&M services.

30 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

.What role do you envision Gangadan Energy to play in Indian wind energy market? Our domain expertise is renewable energy and specifically community development of renewable energy. Community development of renewable energy is the need of the hour and if done right it can both reindustrialize India and reinvigorate our democracies. So we suggest people to become involve in their community by proposing locally owned wind and solar projects. Finally Government will pay attention. You just can’t sit back and let others determine the future for you. It’s imperative that you get out there and create the

 www.supersmartenergy.com

kind of future you want.

.Tell me a bit more about your Gangadan Community Power, What are the benefits of the co-operative model for wind development? We have a long history of co-operatives societies in India, everything from banking co-operative, farmer co-operative and Housing Cooperative. “Gangadan Community Power” is an energy co-operative and an opportunity to be a partowner. With energy co-operative you take on a different mindset because it’s not just somebody else’s power plant in your neighbourhood, there’s ownership there. Members can be investors in the project according to their investment capability, some member can invest the minimum, and others can substantially more. It will be a good spread. There are obviously environmental and economic benefits. If you crunch the numbers, look at how much you’re going to invest, and you see your returns on your investment in this clean renewable energy source. We are looking for partners and investors, we’d be happy to discuss that. This is just the beginning.

.What are the challenges you are expecting as a co-operative? This process is not just a matter of going out and erecting a turbine. It’s a lot to go through, lots of hoops, hurdles, and regulations. We want to do this right, and didn’t want people to be scared of



Community development of renewable energy is the need of the hour and if done right it can both reindustrialize India and reinvigorate our democracies



investing in us. We want to make sure everything is looked after so that we are not putting people’s money at risk. The other challenge is keeping our members informed and interested – we know people will get excited when they invest, and they will ask “we’ve given you the money, where’s the turbine?” But it is worth it.

.How do you look at the government’s target of generating 60 GW of Wind Energy by 2022? What according to you are going to be the major challenges in achieving this target and how can we overcome those challenges? It’s a very ambitious targets set by the Government and its success will rely heavily on a lot of investment in its dysfunctional market structure. However, with a limited budget, it’s important that the Government of India takes the most cost-effective policy path. The Indian government’s thrust on RE will help us make the target a reality. In absence of any subsidies, wind power is already cheaper; the cost of energy has come down substantially. A lot of private equitybacked integrated power producers have entered the green energy



Wind and Solar energy both are the part of our business strategy and our aim is to move rapidly to capitalize on the opportunity to provide clean & cost-efficient power to the fast-growing emerging markets



sector with huge investments, making it more organized. Along with this the renewable energy sector is now under priority lending by Reserve Bank of India. The Supreme Court has ruled positively on renewable purchase obligation (RPO). Additionally, the recently launched Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana will ensure the financial securities. The National offshore policy has opened massive opportunity for the development of offshore wind energy generation. All these factors make this target achievable. We need an annual installed capacity (addition) of 5GW to meet the government’s goal of 60GW by 2022. I am optimistic that we can achieve this target in two to three yeas from now. After that, all growth in annual installations will be over and above the required.

.How do you think is the budget announcement of capping the AD benefit to 40% going to affect the industry? Developers of very big utilityscale solar projects have not had the appetite to claim accelerated depreciation, so the cap is not likely to affect them. But it will affect small project developers who have been able to quote tariffs of around INR 0.40-0.60 cheaper than those developers who do not claim accelerated depreciation. The differential will now come down to around INR 0.20-0.30 because of the lower depreciation. Any international companies using ‘separate special purpose vehicles’ to build wind projects

» 31

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Interview cannot claim accelerated depreciation, as a result the new 40% accelerated depreciation cap will help “level the playing field” between international companies and Indian firms during any bidding processes. Having said that we believe the government should reconsider the accelerated depreciation (AD) limit for mid-profile investors. We wish to reiterate that the accelerated depreciation limit of 80 per cent should continue till 2022, aligned to the government target of 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022 and to boost manufacturing under the Make in India vision.

.How do you look at the market for offshore wind energy in India? What are the opportunities for offshore wind energy in India? The offshore wind policy announced by the government is a very visionary move and revolutionary decision by the Government. Actually we need it now because the most advance technologies in offshore developments are available globally, EPC has became easy and finally India is blessed with 7500 km long coast line that we need to take advantage of. The policy will support to invest in large-sized project of 100 MW and above. If the policy is implemented well, it will provide an impetus to the falling wind capacity additions as offshore wind generation involves limited use of land, and scarcity of land has been a major impediment to its growth. The policy could also help the country achieve the national installed wind capacity target of 60GW by 2022. The only challenge is going to be in achieving financial closure of offshore wind projects, because most of Indian EPC companies don’t have offshore EPC experience. So the government should consider allowing international players with technical expertise to bid individually or in collabora-



Our vast experience in analyzing onshore site condition helps clients to choose the most appropriate technology and site to achieve the lowest cost of energy



tion with Indian EPC players.

.Offshore wind projects considered expensive compare to onshore, how can it be a financially viable? The Capital costs for offshore wind farms are around 30-50% higher than onshore, due to larger machine size and the costs of transporting and installing at sea. This is partially offset by higher energy yields – as much as 30%. However, as happened onshore, these prices are expected to drop as technology improves and more experience is gained.

.What are the key differentiators between the wind energy sector, in India and globally? Wind energy, with an average growth rate of 30%, is the fastest growing source of renewable energy in the world. India occupies the fifth place in the world in wind energy generation after USA, Germany, Spain, and China and has an installed capacity of around 28GW as of March 2016. I feel the market will go up to 5GW to 6GW every year after offshore policy. This can only happen if proactive steps are taken at the policy level to make this sector interesting for investors to get reasonable returns on their investments. The Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) should be increased and enforced more stringently so that the Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) market picks up properly.

years? What are your strengths and how do you plan to be ahead of your competitors? Our focus is mainly developing prescriptive analytics tools and analytical research for secure investment. Another focus area is to make renewable energy affordable and more profit making at community based model. Presently, a large number of companies are in the process of collecting/ capturing huge amount of data, considering that it would be required for analysis at the later stage. Very little efforts are being put to ensure the veracity and value of data captured at the transactional stage itself. Emphasis in this direction will not only increase the confidence value in the investment but also significantly reduce the efforts for analytics/visualization and enhance the quality of decision-making; another aspect is to avoid making incorrect assumptions and investment risk. We want to fill this gap in clean energy investment decisionmaking. We are not a manufacturer, so we don’t have competition to any other company. Our core business profile is research based consultancy and project services, like – EPC and Operation & Maintenance. Wind and Solar energy both are the part of our business strategy and our aim is to move rapidly to capitalize on the opportunity to provide clean & cost-efficient power to the fast-growing emerging markets ■

.Could you elaborate more on the strategies for Gangadan Energy in the next 5

32 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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Cover Story

REPOWERING India's Wind Farms

As India targets 60 GW of installed wind energy capacity by 2022, the government is looking to push the industry towards more efficient and larger capacity wind turbines. To this effect the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy recently announced a draft policy for repowering old wind turbines. The policy essentially calls for the replacement of all wind turbines with a rated capacity of less than 1 MW. According to the ministry, a majority of the wind turbines installed prior to the year 2000 are of a capacity less than 500 kW, and represent an estimated 3 GW capacity. This article by Rohan Singh analyzes the present situation of the wind energy in India, evaluates the repowering wind energy market, provides the key highlights of the draft policy and the major triggers that can set this concept in motion.

34â&#x20AC;&#x201A;SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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ndia's wind energy landscape is being blighted by a growing number of aging turbines. Many of these turbines are now more that 15 years old and are losing their generation capacity. Just like any other rotating machinery, the power produced by a wind turbine gradually decreases over its lifetime. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) wants all wind turbines of less than 1MW capacity and built before the year 2000 phased out and replaced by new and more efficient ones. Last month, the ministry circulated a draft policy, which provides a framework to incentivize repowering of wind farms. The Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA) will provide an additional interest rebate of 0.25% on loans taken for such repowering, apart from the rebate already available for new wind projects. The idea is to ensure better capacity utilization of wind energy projects.

ment of turbine equipment while partial repowering is installing a new drive train and rotor on an existing tower. Repowering often also requires raising the height of construction.

Why Repowering is crucial for wind energy sector? India has an ambitious target of generating 60 GW from wind power by the year 2022. Achieving this goal would need more energy from our wind farms. India can't afford to erect many new wind farms, as this would require acquisition of land resource, which is already scarce. The only possible way of reach the target could be infusing technological advancements in the farms and replacing

the existing turbines with more efficient ones. With repowering turbines, the farms can generate more power from the same area of land. Although old turbines can continue running, with some minor repairs and modifications, the question is whether it makes any economic sense to maintain them. Today we have turbines that offer a viable investment in low wind sites while also ensuring improved reliability. This also makes lot of business sense as repowering helps in reducing the maintenance cost of turbines.

Many benefits of Repowering Higher Efficiency: Repowering simply means higher efficiency and

What is Repowering? The term 'repowering' in the context of wind energy sector implies to the process of replacing old and inefficient turbines with modern and more efficient wind turbines. On an average, turbines lose 1.6 ± 0.2% of their output per year, with average load factors declining from 28.5% when new to 21% when 19 years old. This level of degradation reduces a wind farm's output by 12% over a twenty-year lifetime. The term “repowering” originally comes from the fossil fuel sector, where it is used for total or partial replacement of equipment to improve energy output and efficiency, bring down emissions and reduce operating costs. Wind sector adopted this term leaving emissions aside, repowering here also has similar purpose. Repowering of wind farms is of two types- full and partial . Full repowering is the complete dismantling and replace-

Onsite Installation of Siemens 6 MW turbine.The Siemens 6 MW wind turbine redeﬁnes the wind industry standards for leanness, robustness and lifecycle proﬁtability

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Cover Story reduced costs to generate wind power. Modern turbines rotate at much lower speeds making better use of available wind energy and thus the cost of production is significantly lowered. Reduced Maintenance Cost: Aging wind farms leave no choice to the project owners but to take plant's end-of-life decisions, whether to continue with the turbines which are old and in tatters or to change them with the new machines. The turbines with latest technology require far less maintenance cost than those made 15-20 years ago. For power companies this means recovering the cost invested in new turbines within a short span. Better power grid integration: Modern turbines offer better grid integration, since they use a connection method similar to conventional power plants and also achieve a higher utilization degree. Modern turbines also have much better grid compliance, something that communities previously plagued by voltage spikes and frequency shifts will appreciate. So repowering maximizes energy generation and updates a country's turbine fleet to the latest technology standards, benefitting developers and consumers alike. But like any renewable energy project, the numbers have to add up to make it viable.

Repowering India The history of harnessing the wind power in India goes back prior to the 90s. In the early years of 21st century, the country witnessed technological upgradation and smaller turbines of less than 1 MW power graduated to MW-size machines. The present installed capacity in India is over 25 GW, which makes India fourth largest wind power country in the world after China, USA and Germany. The country has over 19 manufacturers offering over 50 models ranging from 250 kW to 2.8 MW size turbines. Over the years, the

State-wise Wind Potential (MW) in India country has experienced States / UTs At 50 m At 80 m a gradual 10,609 35,071 Gujarat shift to bigger 5,394 1,4497 Andhra Pradesh wind turbines 5,374 1,4152 Tamil Nadu as a result of 8,591 1,3593 Karnataka improved infra5,439 5,961 Maharashtra structure and 5,311 5,685 Jammu & Kashmir better econom5 ,005 5 ,050 R ajasthan ics. Most of the 920 2,931 Madhya Pradesh wind-turbines 910 1,384 Orissa installed up to 137 1,260 Uttar Pradesh the year 2000 790 837 are of capacity Kerala below 500 Kw 161 534 Uttarakhand and are at sites 2 365 Andaman & Nicobar having high 314 23 Chhattisgarh wind energy 201 236 Arunachal Pradesh potential. It 144 Bihar is estimated 120 Pondicherry that over 3000 53 112 Assam MW capacity 98 98 Sikkim installations 93 Haryana are from wind 91 Jh Jharkhand turbines of 500 44 82 Meghalaya kw or below. It 20 64 means, there Himachal Pradesh is still a lot 7 56 Manipur of room for 22 22 West Bengal increasing the 16 16 Lakshadweep wind genera3 16 Nagaland tional capacity 4 Dieu Damn in the country 49,130 1,02,788 Total even without increasing the number of wind farms. The MW-class tur- 2000 are operating with plant load bines now comprise over half factor (PLF) ranging from 10 to 15 of the new wind power capacity per cent, whereas the new techinstalled in the country. This devel- nology wind turbines can operate opment is also leading many wind at a PLF range of 27 to 32 per cent farm owners to consider re-pow- in the same sites. ering of old wind power plants as India wind energy sector has an option to maximize utilization shown the potential growth in the of available resource potential. area concerned for the repowerStudies have revealed that ing as it has lost the rating in total most of the turbines that are installed capacity in comparison underperforming are in wind sites, to china. Due to this in the last which have much lower speeds. two years the installation capacThere are a number of such old ity is decreasing. Investments into wind farms in the Tamil Nadu and the sector have increased signifiother southern states. It is there- cantly to development of the wind fore natural to explore the option energy market. of replacing these with modern turbines that could offer better returns and more power than Repowering Around before. In Tamil Nadu, about 60 the world per cent of small wind turbines (<400 kW) installed before the year

36â&#x20AC;&#x201A;SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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STATE LEVEL REPOWERING POTENTIAL IN INDIA (MARCH 2009) 3,500

Total capacity (MW)

No. of WTGs

900 800

3,000

700 2,500

600

2,000

500

1,500

400 300

1,000

200 500

100 0

0 Tamil Nadu

Maharashtra

Gujarat

Repowering first emerged in the California and Danish wind power markets in the final years of last century. It was followed by the Netherlands and Germany, the countries where the wind energy revolution had first begun. By this time, while other parts of the world just started in wind sector, the wind turbines in these countries had already been aging. Denmark was the first country to actively promote repowering .In countries that started early with wind energy, old wind turbines were placed at locations where the wind is often very good. Since old wind turbines occupy the best locations for wind in these countries with lower energy outputs compared with new wind turbines, programmes were started to replace the old turbines with new ones. Since Germany is the largest wind energy user, it is likely that it will provide the major market for repowering. About 90% of the wind power capacity in Germany is located in suitable turbine areas.

Challenges repowering

Karnataka

Orissa MP

Goa

Kerala Rajasthan

Repowering the wind energy also has its own share of challenges. There are many problems which are faced during repowering such as disposal of old machines, fragmented land ownership in existing wind farms, clarity on the feed-in tariff offered to newly repowered projects and constrained evacuation of the extra power generated. Multiple owners of wind farmland may lead to future conflicts. The

W. Bengal

*Source WISE

wind turbines are being maintained by different agencies and OEMs. Repowering will reduce the number of turbines and there may not be one-to-one replacement. Thus, the issue of ownership needs to be handled carefully. Possible solution could be to identify and engage concerned stakeholders such as owners of

for

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Cover Story

The Repowering Experience from Germany

istorically Germany entered the wind sector later than some of its other European neighbours. Repowering is expected to constitute a major part of the wind market in the years ahead, especially as available new sites for wind development diminish. Repowering was considered at a policy level in 2004, and the first policy had issues including local government restriction on hub height or total turbine height and setback requirements between installations and residential areas. Before 2004, German feed-in tariffs provided some encouragement for wind repowering, by offering new wind projects a higher payment than existing projects that had been operating for some time. Since 2004, the feed-in tariff has offered a longer and higher payment level to wind turbines that replace/modernize existing project built before Dec 1995 and that are at least three times the capacity of the repowered turbine.

9.1 cents/ unit. This resulted in the huge expansion of the repowering market in Germany, including conversion of 59.3 MW of old turbines into 168.5 MW with a repowering factor of 2.84. As per the data published by the German Wind Energy Institute (DEWI), the capacity added through repowering at the end of 2013 was 1742 MW From 2007-2012, WTG capacity addition through repowering has achieved CAGR of 32% as against 6.2% CAGR for green field wind projects. Major learning’s from German and other European experiences: ii Spacing requirements and height limits result in the loss of enormous economic potential for wind energy ii Spacing requirements and height limits make small turbine areas completely unsuitable for modern wind turbines, given the current state of technology ii The repowering incentive offered has no effect since the spacing requirements and height limits make it impossible to achieve the required tripling of installed nominal capacity;

Despite this incentive, repowering had just begun and, given the regulations on siting and the barriers to repowering identified above, the wind industry argued that without the feed-in tariff repowering incentive is insufficient. With amendments in 2009, more attractive conditions for repowering projects were brought in by the policy makers, including additional increase in initial tariff for wind turbines by 0.5 cents/ unit above the initial feed in tariff of

the wind farms, OEMs, project developers, financial institutions, regulatory bodies, various agencies, land owners, etc. to arrive at a feasible business model which can be acceptable to all. All existing stakeholders willing to re-power can be made partners in a SPV and profits can be shared in the ratio of equity shareholding in the SPV. Even when more power capac-

ii If yields cannot be increased by a factor of 2.5, then repowering turbines before their technical service life ends (usually 20 years), no longer offers an economic advantage to wind farm operators. It should be noted here, that more than 50 percent of the wind power capacity in Germany was installed after 2000. Maintaining the current spacing requirements and height limits actually preserves the number of existing wind turbines. From the above it is obvious that the repowering of wind energy in any country needs to be supported by the government. To encourage repowering it seems that feed-in tariffs are in favour, and strict height and spacing limitations should be limited, otherwise the necessary increase in installed power cannot be achieved ■

ity is created after repowering, it is useless without a robust electricity evacuation infrastructure. Even the current evacuation infrastructure is not enough. It is important to decide on the number and capacity of older machines to be removed as per the micrositing details.

ing the capacity and quantity of older machines to be removed based on the RePowering factor. The removal of older running machines should be timed and planned properly to avoid any generation losses and at the same time to not create any hindrance to the installation of new WTG.

Economic feasibility/viability is an important factor influenc-

Disposal of old turbines: There are various options such as scrap-

38 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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ping, buy–back by the government or manufacturer, or export. Local capacity may need to be developed. The process of decommissioning a wind farm is a complicated one, as it requires at least two 150-ton cranes, which are used to dismantle the turbines, tower houses, rotor blades and other related equipment and parts. In fact, offshore wind decommissioning is even more intricate and expensive, as the availability of shipping vessels, cost of shipping the components back on shore and cost of removing steel pillars form seabed need to be considered too. Most of the turbines may be too old and in unusable condition and can be just sold as scrap to be scavenged for usable spare parts and copper and other expensive metals. The additional decommissioning costs for old turbines also need to be assessed. The current grid facilities are designed to support present generation capacities and may require augmentation and upgrading. A repowering project may roughly cost INR 7-8 crores / MW. Therefore, if repowering is planned for 1.38 GW, then the cost incurred may be in the range of INR 966011040 crores. The Incentive Policy: The policy released by MNRE tries to address most of the issues before repowering wind sector in India. It provides exemption from honouring the power purchase agreementssigned to provide power for the period in which the repowering is carried out. Similarly, in case of repowering by captive users, they will be allowed to purchase power from grid during the period of execution of repowering, it also gives the benefits of accelerated depreciation to the producers. The interstate transmission charges for renewable energy are already waived in the existing policy. Along with that, the government is now offering the incentive of an additional interest rate rebate. The policy has to be implemented through state nodal agencies.

Centre has already consulted the states and almost all of them are on board. The state utilities will be mandated to procure a set minimum percentage of power from the new turbines, and any additional power resulting from the higher efficiency turbines will be eligible for sale to the utilities at prevailing feed-in tariff rates or to commercial and industrial consumers. Policy support in the form of financial incentives, as well as solutions to potential regulatory and contractual hurdles, would likely be necessary if an acceleration of repowering investment were desired.

A win-win deal Selling the old turbines from a repowered farm can significantly offset other project costs. Wellmaintained turbines can run for many more years. This can significantly lower the maintenance costs of the aging WTG’s. The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) in its 2015 report on wind sector also highlighted the benefits of replacing old turbines. "Repowering could lead to better utilization of wind-rich sites through the installation of latest technology wind turbine models

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Cover Story INDIA’S EXPERIENCE WITH REPOWERING

WINDS OF CHANGE

At Aralvoimozhi in southern Tamil Nadu, a leading wind turbine manufacturer completed replacing 11 old wind mills of 225 kW capacity each, with three of its own 850-kW machines. The capacity remains roughly the same, but the new machines, with their ability to rotate even in low-wind speeds, are up longer generating more electricity.

available and improve the capacity utilization factor to 25-30 per cent.' the report states. Over 4,600 turbines rated below 500 kW and operational for more than 10/12 years are ideal for repowering. These turbines have an aggregate capacity of 1.6 Giga Watt, which is over 9 per cent of the total installed capacity and located at sites with excellent wind conditions. Most of the turbines were installed a decade ago under power purchase agreements that were signed for 20 to 25 years.

Future of repowering in India In India, repowering is just getting started and its future potential is vast. Despite having many good wind sites, many of the states are facing power crunch. At present, close to 20% wind farms across country are older than 15 years. Repowering wind farms with more powerful turbines would bring considerable benefits to these states ultimately lending to multifold increase in India's wind energy output ■

Existing wind farm

After repowering

Capacity

8.1 MW

8.5 MW

Estimated annual generation

104 lakh Units

220 lakh units

Plant Load Factor

14.7%

29.5%

DRAFT REPOWERING POLICY OF WIND POWER PROJECTS AT A GLANCE The objective of the Repowering Policy is to promote optimum utilization of wind energy resources by creating facilitative framework for repowering. Wind turbine generators of capacity1 MW and below would be eligible for repowering under the policy. INCENTIVE: 1. For repowering projects Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA) will provide an additional interest rate rebate of 0.25% over and above the interest rate rebates available to the new wind projects being ﬁnanced by IREDA. 2. Beneﬁts available to the new wind projects i.e. AD or GBI as per applicable conditions would also be available to the repowering project. SUPPORT TO BE PROVIDED BY STATES: 1. The State Transmission Utility to carry out augmentation of transmission system from pooling station onwards if required. 2. The state to procure power corresponding to average of the last tree years’s generation prior to repowering on the terms of existing PPS and additional generation would either be purchased by DISCOMs at the FiT or to be allowed for third party sale. 3. State will facilitate acquiring additional footprint required for higher capacity turbines. 4. For placing of wind turbines 7D x 5D criteria would be relaxed for micro siting. 5. A wind farm/turbine undergoing repowering would be exempted from not honouring the PPA for the non-availability of generation from wind farm/turbine during the period of execution of repowering. Similarly, in case of repowering by captive user they will to be allowed to purchase power from grid during the period of execution of repowering.

40 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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Interview

Siva Rama Chandra Chairman, Vajra Power Conversions Limited

"Vajra Power constantly strives to meet the ever-growing requirements of the Solar Energy Devices at an affordable cost"

.To begin with, tell our readers more about Vajra Power, the different product you manufacture and the services you offer to the solar industry in India? Vajra power conversions limited is rapidly expanding and successful Indian-owned Company, with showpiece manufacturing facility at Hyderabad, Bangalore, Pune, and Gurgaon. Vajra powers is preferred supplier to the Solar industry for Solar water Heater, Solar Modules, Solar Inverters having major installations across the country for varied applications

duly serviced by well-trained Dealers and great skilled engineers for EPC. The quality of these units is reflected in their extensive use by the various Government Agencies and reputed Organizations. Vajra powers is also into EPC and we are clearly among leaders in providing Solar Inverters for medium to high usage. Vajra Solar inverter system applications have been made for uses such as hospitals, restaurants, carwashes, nursing homes, commercial, hospital laundries, defence force bases,

42â&#x20AC;&#x201A;SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

dormitories, hostels, clubs and private residences. Vajra powers are specialist in manufacture of Solar modules at Vijayawada facility and also provides solutions in Solar Photovoltaic systems for off grid applications and Solar Power Plants Grid Interactive. Vajra powers retain complete flexibility in manufacture/supply and installation to allow for a unique range of design options in both Solar Thermal and Solar Phovolatic Systems. Vajra takes utmost care in understanding the end cli-

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ent’s needs and builds its units to provide optimum performance and comfort. Vajra power is committed to quality systems and ongoing performance improvement. The company is recognized with quality accreditation from BIS and MNRE.

.With the government targeting to generate 100GW of energy from solar, what are the opportunities that you are look at in the solar module manufacturing space? The government under the leadership of Honorable PM Narendra Modi has ramp up India’s solar power capacity target under the National Solar Mission by five times to 100 GW by 2022. The target has for now been split into 40 GW Rooftop and 60 GW through Large and Medium Scale Grid Connected Solar Power Projects, and is expected to entail an investment of $100 billion. To this effect the MNRE has come out with an action plan and investment inflows have been planned from the large Public Sector Undertakings and Independent Power Producers (IPPs), with the state governments also coming out with state specific solar policies. With the kind of investment happening and likely to happen in the near future, the solar manufacturing sector is expected to get a boost with the long-term trajectory of solar power capacity addition. Apart from creating technology hubs for manufacturing, this has a high potential to open up new employment opportunities.

54KW rooftop system installed on the canteen building for Thermal Powertech Corporation India Limited at Nellore District, AP

.How do you look at the WTO ruling against India’s DCR for national solar mission? What consequences do you see the WTO ruling to have on the Indian Solar manufacturing industry? The WTO ruling against India’s DCR is the biggest blow to the solar manufacturing sector in India. It is also going to impact future plans on new manufacturing capacities in the country. But with the ‘Make in India’ program, the government still can explore several options to support the domestic industry while remaining within the WTO regulations. Some of the options available are giving direct subsidies to solar manufacturers, tax breaks, availability of easy credit at low rates, and collaboration with global leaders to encourage domestic R&D. It is the larger reforms around the ‘Make in India’ campaign that will make or break India’s story for domestic solar manufacturing and not the other way around.

.Shed some light on your recently commisioned solar rooftop project in Nellore? We at Vajra Power have recently



Our committement to provide high quality solar energy products to the complete satisfaction of the customers, earn us the privilege of preferred vendor status



commissioned a solar rooftop project for Thermal Powertech Corporation India Limited, a Sembcorp Gayatri Company at Nellore District in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh. It is a 54KW rooftop system installed on the canteen building. We successfully overcome the challenges to execute the project in record time to the satisfaction of the customer.

.Tell us more about Solar Power Packs that you have launched recently? What are its key features and its applications? The unavailability of good quality power supply is a problem faced by most of the people living in the developing world. To provide reliable and good quality power, Vajra Power supplies solar power packs, which are available in a variety of capacities. We design and install solar power packs for homes, shops, commercial complexes, hospitals etc. The electricity generated during sunshine hours is stored in batteries, and can be used as and when required. These power packs ensure. ii Uninterrupted power supply ii Good quality power supply ii Protection of appliances ii Reduction in monthly electricity bills Solar power packs have become attractive replacements for Diesel Power Generation sets.

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Interview

.What differentiates Vajra Power from its competitors? How do you plan to stay ahead of your competitors? Vajra Power constantly strives to meet the ever-growing requirements of the Solar Energy Devices at an affordable cost. Our commitment to provide high quality solar energy products to the complete satisfaction of the customers, earn us the privilege of preferred vendor status through quality management system practices for good corporate governance and environmental consciousness.

Rooftop Installation in Progress

.Amongst the increasing competition in the Solar Inverter market, what differentiates Vajra Power’s solar Inverters and what is your growth strategy? Vajra Power is Leading Suppliers of Solar Inverters. We are clearly among leaders in providing Solar Inverters for medium to high usage. Vajra Solar inverter system applications have been made for uses such as hospitals, restaurants, carwashes, nursing homes, commercial, hospital laundries, defense force bases, dormitories, hostels, clubs and private residences. Making a Solar inverter is not the challenge; many people can do that. However, experience and a good track record are indispensable for manufacturers to establish themselves. There is tremendous competition in the market, but this is from established market players. We do not see competition from new entrants.

.How do you look at the solar water pumps, solar

street lights and solar water heaters market in India? What are the opportunities that you are looking at and the strategy to capture market share? Solar Irrigation pumps are a huge and attractive market. India has nearly half a billion people connected to agriculture for their livelihoods. It has between 26 and 27 million irrigation pumps, of which seven to eight million run on liquid fuel mainly diesel and subsidized kerosene. The remaining that run on electricity is also not without its problem. Solar irrigation is a reliable and efficient alternative that is not only environment friendly but can also help increase agriculture output.

Ensuring great quality with best service will keep us ahead of our competitors.

.Where do you see Vajra Power 3 to 5 years from Now? What role do you envision Vajra Power to play in the growth and development of the Solar Industry in India? Our Vision for Vajra Power is to become a National Leader in offering eco-friendly Solar Energy devices with international Quality and play a significant role in the creation of pollution free environment ■

Going forward we see solar water pump, solar streetlights and solar water heater segment contributing substantially to the growth of the company. The strategy to capture market share in these segment is going through with domestic retail marketing and Industrial and government organizations.

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Vajra power is committed to quality systems and ongoing performance improvement. The company is recognized with quality accreditation from BIS and MNRE.

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44 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

 www.supersmartenergy.com

Special Feature

ROLE OF

LOGISTIC

IN THE SOLAR ENERGY SECTOR Authored by: Rahul Mehra CEO and Founder, AWL India Pvt. Ltd.

here is simply no better alternative for an environmentally friendly power supply in the future than to take the path leading to a solar energy era. Every day, the sun provides the earth with more than ten thousand times the energy required by people around the world. In comparison with wind power, the proportion of solar power in the mix of renewable energies is still remarkably low. However, solar power makes and important contribution in providing for power needs that have, up until now, been covered by gas or coal plants. Indian Energy sector has consistently adopted relevant global trends to support sustainable growth in Indian economy. The increasing maturing of the sector is evidenced by adoption and indigenisation of new technologies across the energy sector in general and power sector in particular. Of late, the sector has grap-

pled with new challenges which have arisen out of rapid growth of the sector. Some of these challenges will be overcome relatively quickly; some will require all the resourcefulness and intellect to convert them into promising opportunities for future. Before the recent Paris climate summit, India had pledged to increase its share of non-fossil fuels to 40% of the total power generation capacity by 2032. India has an ambitious plan to add 100 gigawatts (GW) of solar power by 2022. Keeping in mind India’s high import dependence and chronic energy poverty, it is imperative that solar energy should be given impetus. The tariff for solar power has fallen from Rs.18 per unit a few years ago to an unprecedented level of below Rs.5 per unit—a big step in promoting clean energy. However, one must look critically at the reasons behind the massive cost reduction of solar cells and modules, along with the technoeconomic feasibility of India’s solar ambitions. The last decade in the solar industry brought unprecedented growth. And currently the demand for solar products is continuing to increase at a rate of 40% or more annually. This has resulted in logistics and its associated costs becoming a focal point for many solar energy enterprises that are looking for

46 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

cost savings, greater efficiencies and new markets. This is where specialized solar logistics can help with their end-to-end global logistics and solar industry expertise. However, developing comprehensive logistic solutions for connectivity still remains one of the major issues to be addressed in order to become a solar or renewable energy power. Everything related with permission (bureaucracy) should be improved. Infrastructure, in terms of transmission lines and roads to provide the necessary logistics, needs to be created. We also need a long-term policy of seven to 10 years so that people can make investments, undertake renewable energy studies and get the necessary permits/approvals. This takes three to four years, but by then, the policy changes. With grid-parity, cost reductions and new customer markets as key drivers to globalising supply-chains, companies in the renewable energy field need a global partner that can let them get on with what they’re best at – creating a more sustainable future for all of us! Increasing competition, tighter profit margins and a commoditisation of components are the pressures in this industry. More and more, a competitive edge is coming from improved efficiencies in logistics and by differentiating the offering through distribu-

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tion. Transportation remains of utmost priority to make desirable amendments in the solar energy sector. Effective logistics of raw material and components; optimising factory flows, as well as facilitating and speeding-up new market entry are amongst the top in areas to be worked upon. While undertaking solar/renewable energy logistics, it is crucial to understand the specific requirements involved with delivering delicate, high-tech products. Application of tried-and-tested processes in the solar energy industry ensures safe delivery of solar components and products around the world. This is supported by an array of advanced technology that allows the client to keep a constant check on temperature, humidity, shock alerts and of course location. Logistics vendors must provide with end-toend service offering a single point of contact, so that not only the manufacturer or supplier can enjoy the peace of mind of reduced handling during the transportation of the product, from raw material to final customer, but also increased visibility. In the case of the certain projects, tight deadlines and challenging logistics act as an additional pressure factor and demanding a perfect coordination of high skilled professionals. Therefore, the choice of developers and suppliers becomes of extreme importance to fulfill the expectations of the customer and satisfy the time and quality aspects. Through close cooperation between all partners, a streamlined process for timely delivery has to be accomplished. Transportation of the modules from the harbor to the construction site on several hundreds and sometimes stretching to several thousands of kilometers of bumpy roads becomes another hurdle that is

ought to be mastered by the project team without a single module showing signs of cracking. Logistics experts not only assist manufacturers/suppliers in forecasting supply chain, but also play a vital role in route planning and load optimization. Technical specialization is also required in assisting in devising the checkpoints for temperature, humidity, tilt, shock and location mapping. Even as these are some of the technical aspects while focusing on the logistical side of renewable energy, there are many other basic issues faced by the sector which (if addressed) can and surely will provide us all with an

enhanced network and smoother logistical operations. Some of these can be understood in the following manner: ›› Lack of infrastructure: Per capita land availability is very low in India, and land is a scarce resource. Dedication of land area near substations for exclusive installation of solar cells might have to compete with other necessities that require land ›› The lack of closer industrygovernment cooperation for the technology to achieve scale ›› The need to build consumer awareness about the technology, its economics and right usage ›› The need for intra-industry cooperation in expanding the PV supply chain, in technical information sharing through conferences and workshops, in collaborating with BOS (balance of systems) manufacturers and in gathering and publishing accurate market data, trends and projections

Strategy and procurement are the first of first when it comes to logistics in energy sector. A dedicated renewable energy team is required to increase the client’s speed to market by designing an optimal supply chain and managing their procurement to drive down costs. We, at AWL even advise clients on wider operational issues through our supply chain consultants. Considering India’s per capita consumption which is around 900 units as against world average of over 2800 units; logistics providers must adapt global transportation network to ensure the clients have what they need, where they need it. With the ability to track and trace throughout the supply chain journey. From shipping raw material and components, to delivering solar modules and from clearing goods through customs to warehousing and distribution, logistics specialists are a must in solar transportation which can assist you in accessing markets with speed and precision. This means they help you reduce costs, reach grid parity and make the most of opportunities worldwide ■ About the Author: Rahul Mehra is the CEO and Founder of AWL, India’s leading logistics solution providers. At AWL, Rahul leads the company's brilliant foray into global markets through its pioneering supply chain management services and is responsible for its business results. Rahul is a graduate in Economics from Delhi University and has further specialized in international business and logistics.

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Case Study

Spice Village Off-Grid Resort in India System Specifications: Batteries: (72) Trojan deep-cycle IND29-4V batteries Dual-Mode Inverter-Chargers: (9) SMA Sunny Island 5048 PV String Inverters: (9) SMA Sunny Mini Central 7000HV Solar modules: (650) 100Wp a-Si thin film PV modules Racking: Space frame structure.

Spice Village, founded in 1992, is a 56-cottage solar-powered offgrid eco-resort on the border of the Periyar Tiger Reserve in the Kerala province of Southern India. Described as “a tribute to ancient ways of life” where “hewn stone replaces shag carpets” and “birdsong takes the place of television,” the resort provides comfort for modern travelers while giving them a chance to enjoy a simple “back-to nature” experience. Considering the recent trends and growing demand of the global traveler for eco-friendly destinations and properties, the hospitality industry is under pressure to “go green” to ensure the lowest possible environmental impact from tourism. For this reason, the management at Spice Village decided to use energy efficient measures and solar power to make Spice Village a low carbon emissions resort. In late 2011, Spice Village hired solar company, TeamSustain, to design and install an off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system for the resort. TeamSustain is a leading green technology solutions provider based in Cochin, India. The company offers cost-effective logistics and infrastructure solutions for sustainable resource utilization to mar-

kets around the world. Until June 2012, the resort was connected to the electrical grid 100% of the time during grid availability, and it also relied on a diesel generator for backup power due to poor grid quality. The generator ran eight hours a day to supply power to the cottages and resort buildings. Not only was it noisy, but it was time consuming and costly to maintain, and expensive to run since fuel had to be purchased and transported from far away. The previous system consisted of two generators with capacities of 125kVA and 200kVA which produced almost 62,000 kWh a year. By analyzing a compilation of energy audit data and identifying how to reduce the electrical load without compromising the use of necessary facilities or comforts, TeamSustain was able to recommend an improvement in the resort’s energy efficiency, reducing the daily consumption from 750kWh to 200kWh. As a first step, incandescent and florescent lighting was replaced with LED lighting, desktop computers were replaced with laptop computers, and electrical appliances including ceiling fans, TVs and refrigerators were upgraded to more efficient

48 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

models. In addition, the eco-resort plans to revamp the laundry and the kitchen areas to include more efficient appliances to help reduce the overall load to achieve the 200 kWh daily goal. The existing diesel gensets will also be replaced by biodiesel gensets in the future to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Once the initial energy efficiency upgrades were made, TeamSustain designed a 65kWp battery-based PV system for Spice Village. The system was designed to support the full load of the resort during the daytime after implementing the energy efficiency measures identified in the energy audit. After all upgrades are made, the new PV system will generate enough solar electricity to meet 100% of the resort’s power needs. The biodiesel genset will only be used during the rainy monsoon months for a few hours a day to compensate for the short fall of PV energy production. The PV system consists of 650, 100Wp thin film PV modules wired in 108 strings of six modules per string for a total array size of 65kWp. They are mounted in a fixed array with a 16-degree tilt. Due to the high vegetation of the area and adhering to a mandate that no trees could be cut, Team-

 www.supersmartenergy.com

Sustain used a space frame structure to raise the solar array 33 feet above the ground to avoid shading. A space frame structure is a truss-like, lightweight rigid structure designed using interlocking struts in a geometric pattern, and is ideal to span large areas with few interior support requirements. This elevated design also maximizes irradiance and utilizes the area underneath for tennis and basketball courts. Thin-film PV modules were chosen due to the typical climatic conditions at Spice Village of overcast skies and high temperatures. The Amorphous silicon (a-Si), thinfilm PV modules are expected to provide a 15% higher yield than conventional crystalline PV modules in this environment. TeamSustain’s AC-coupled micro-grid PV system features a 65 kWp PV array, nine PV string inverters totaling 67.5 kW of capacity for the PV energy contribution in AC energy, and, nine dual-mode inverter-chargers in clusters of three for a total capacity of 45kW. The AC energy coming from the PV string inverters is used by the load and/or stored through the three clusters, in three deep-cycle flooded 2V battery banks, each consisting of being 2,722 Ah @ C10 @ 1.80VPC. For the 65 kWp PV array, a SMA PV string inverter, Sunny Mini Central 7000HV (SMC) of 7.5 kW nominal capacity, was selected because the SMC has a high 800VDC input voltage capacity, allowing the PV array to be configured with more PV modules in series than if standard PV string inverters were selected. This resulted in reducing the DC cabling size of the PV array and simplifying the PV array installation. In addition, the SMA SMC inverters feature one of the best maximum power-point-tracking (MPPT) efficiency with its OptiTrac Tracking, allowing optimum use of the PV energy produced. An installed Sunny Webox allows detailed monitoring of the PV energy contribution.

Three SMA Clusters, each featuring three dual-mode SMA Sunny Island 5048 inverter-chargers, convert the excess of AC energy not used by the load into DC energy to charge the battery banks. When required, the DC energy stored in the batteries will be converted into AC energy to power the AC load. The SMA Sunny Island 5048 is a highly efficient, easy-to-configure dual-mode inverter-charger of 5 kW at 48V. Its intelligent battery management system helps ensure maximum battery life. The energy produced by the thin-film PV modules is stored in 72 Trojan deep-cycle flooded IND29-4V Industrial batteries. Trojan batteries were chosen by TeamSustain due to their reputation for high quality and reliability, the fact that they were made in the USA and because the size of the Industrial batteries met the specifications of the project design. Flooded deep-cycle batteries were chosen for the project over valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries because of their affordability and durability. Since the resort has a maintenance program in place, watering the batteries periodically with distilled water will not be an issue. Trojan’s Industrial batteries have wide plates which allow for more electrolyte to be stored at the top of the plates, allowing for longer intervals between watering. The battery bank size was designed by TeamSustain for a daily usage of maximum 50 percent depth of discharge, with each battery providing a 1,361 Amphour capacity at C10 at 1.80VPC. There are three 2,722 Ah at 48V battery banks in the system, totaling 8,166 Ah capacity. Each 48V battery bank, connected to one SMA Cluster, is configured as two strings in parallel, each string con-

sisting of 12 Trojan IND29-4V batteries in series. Trojan’s deep-cycle flooded battery technology requires simple maintenance to ensure maximum battery life, which includes adding distilled water to the individual cells regularly. Trojan’s Industrial line of flooded deep-cycle batteries is designed for 1,500 cycles at 80 % depth of discharge and is specifically engineered to withstand the rigorous conditions of renewable energy applications including extreme temperatures, remote locations and the intermittent nature of solar power generation. These batteries are designed to be cycled regularly and are engineered to perform optimally under conditions where the batteries operate in a partial state of charge; a common occurrence in renewable energy applications due to the varying levels of irradiance, temperature, and available sun hours. The anticipated payback time for the PV system is five years. Spice Village has applied for a 30% subsidy from the Indian government on capital costs as part of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) Rooftop Plant Program. This project is also eligible to earn carbon credits since there is an expected carbon reduction of 256 tons of CO₂. Overall, Spice Village expects to save nearly $45,000 per year by switching to solar energy ■

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Policy Update

Guidelines for Development of Solar Parks T

he ministry of New and Renewable Energy has issued new guidelines for implementation of a Scheme for setting up at least 25 solar parks each with a capacity of 500 MW and above with a target of over 20,000 MW of solar power installed capacity in a span of 5 years from 2014-15 to 2018-19; with an estimated Central Financial Assistance (CFA) of Rs.4050.00 crore.

direction from MNRE.

Objective:

(ii) Mode 2: A Joint Venture Company is set up between State designated nodal agency and SECI for the development & management of solar park with 50% equity from SECI and 50% equity from the State Government Agency.

The main objective of the scheme is to provide a huge impetus to solar energy generation by acting as a flagship demonstration facility to encourage project developers and investors, prompting additional projects of similar nature, triggering economies of scale for cost-reductions, technical improvements and achieving large scale reductions in GHG emissions. It would enable States to bring in significant investment from project developers, meet its Solar Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) mandate and provide employment opportunities to local population. The State will also reduce its carbon footprint by avoiding emissions equivalent to the solar park’s installed capacity and generation. Further, the State will also avoid procuring expensive fossil fuels to power conventional power plants.

I m p l e m e n t a t i o n arrangements: The solar parks will be developed in collaboration with the State Governments & their agencies. The MNRE Nodal Agency would be Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) on behalf of Government of India (GOI). SECI will handle funds to be made available under the scheme on behalf of GOI. SECI will administer the scheme under the

The States applying under the scheme will have to designate an agency for the development of solar park. Solar parks are envisaged to be developed in the following four modes:(i) Mode 1: The State designated nodal agency, a PSU or SPV of the state Government, undertakes the development & management of the solar park.

(iii) Mode 3: The State designates SECI as the nodal agency and SECI undertakes the development and management of solar park on behalf of State Government on mutually agreed terms. (iv) Mode 4: Private entrepreneurs promote solar parks without any equity participation from SECI, but may have equity participation from the State Government or its agencies. The Implementing Agency or Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) shall undertake following activities to achieve the objective of speedy establishment and implementation of Solar Power Parks in the States:›› Plan, finance, develop, execute, operate and maintain the Solar Power Park ›› Identify potential site and acquire/leasehold/possess land for Solar Power Park ›› Carry out site related studies/ investigations ›› Obtain statutory & non statutory clearances and to make area development plan within Solar Power Park.

50 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

›› Design a plan for sharing development cost between the developers. ›› Create necessary infrastructure like water, transmission lines, roads, drainage etc. to facilitate Solar Power Project developer for faster implementation of Solar Power Projects ›› Frame out transparent plot allotment policy and specify procedures pursuant to the relevant State policies and their amendments thereof. ›› Provide directives for technology-specific land requirements. ›› Engage the services of national agencies/global experts/consultants to promote Solar Power Park and related activities. ›› Facilitate the State Government to establish educational institutions/training facilities within Solar Power Park for development of manpower skill related to Solar Power. ›› Include any other activity related to Solar Power Park, such as manufacturing as per the directives from MNRE and the State Government. ›› Conduct necessary evaluation of environmental and social impacts of utility scale solar deployment as per law and before allocating the land to prospective developers.

Land acquisition / site selection: Land for the setting up of the solar park will be identified by the State Government unless the implementing agency has its own land. It will be the responsibility of the State Government to make the land available. The park must have at least 5 Acres per MW towards installation of solar projects and will give opportunity for all technologies in a technologically agnostic fashion. If land cannot be made available in one location, then land in few locations in close  www.supersmartenergy.com

vicinity may be taken. Possibility of using cold and hot deserts, sides of highways can also be actively explored.

Facilities to be provided: The solar park will provide specialized services to incentivize private developers to invest in solar energy in the park. These services while not being unique to the park, are provided in a central, one-stop-shop, single window format, making it easier for investors to implement their projects within the park in a significantly shorter period of time, as compared to projects outside the park which would have to obtain these services individually. Apart from this, the agency will also be entrusted with providing the following facilities to the solar project developers for the development of the solar park:›› Land approved for installation of solar power plants and necessary permissions including change of land use etc. ›› Road connectivity to each plot of land ›› Water availability for construction as well as running of power plants and demineralization plant ›› Flood mitigation measures like flood discharge, internal drainage etc. ›› Construction power ›› Telecommunication facilities ›› Transmission facility ›› Housing facility for basic manpower wherever possible ›› Parking, Warehouse etc.

Financial model: Taking into consideration the entire cost of development including cost involved in acquisition of land the implementing agency may raise the fund as follows: 1. The implementing agency may give wide publicity and have a process of registration for prospective developers to register so that the demand for the solar park can be assessed.

2. The implementation agency may sell/lease out the plots to prospective project developers. Lease period shall be of 30 years or as per State land policy. The allotment price may be reviewed annually and an annual increment may also be specified. 3. A one-time registration fee (per project or per MW) may be collected by inviting applications from the prospective buyers when the scheme is finalized, land identified and marked. An advance may be collected from the prospective buyers when 50% of the land is acquired. This advance will be 10% of the sale price or lease amount. Another instalment of 25% of the price of land or lease amount may be taken when full land is acquired. Further instalments of 10% each time may be collected while plot are being developed. Final 15% of the price of land or lease amount may be collected at the time of allotment of the plot to the buyer. 4. The implementing agency may put in some of its own equity and can raise loans, depending on the availability of funds and requirement.

Transmission and evacuation of power from solar park: The responsibility of setting up a sub-station nearby the solar park to take power from one or more pooling stations will lie with the Central Transmission Utility (CTU) or the State Transmission Utility (STU). If the State Government is willing to buy over 50% of the power generated in the solar park, preference will be given to STU. If the state is not willing to buy at least 50% of the power generated in the solar park, then CTU may be entrusted with the responsibility of setting up 400 KV or bigger substation right next to the solar park and its connectivity with the CTU.

a PPA or get selected in any Government of India or State Government Scheme. The developer will be free to set up projects under any scheme or for third party sale.

Loan and Funding ›› MNRE will also put in efforts to tie up with multilateral/ bilateral funding agencies to finance the entire or a part of the cost of the solar parks. ›› For power evacuation network, MNRE grant may be used. Loan from multilateral/bilateral agencies may also be used to the power evacuation network.

Ultra Mega Solar Power Projects: Ultra Mega Solar Power project is a single power project with capacity of over 500 MW. These projects may be set up in some of these Solar Parks. The projects may be bid out after developing the park or simultaneously with park developments. In some cases, the full park may be one Ultra Mega Project.

Hybrid Projects: Some other forms of RE like wind, biomass etc. may also be allowed to come up in the park wherever feasible. Projects with CSP technology may in these parks have upto 15% of auxiliary fuel of gas or biomass.

State Government’s obligation to purchase power: The State Government in which the solar park is developed must agree to buy at least 20% of the power produced in the park through its Discom. The States which agree to buy higher percentage of power will be given preference ■

Power Sale Arrangement: The project developers need to have their own arrangement for

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Spot Light

Why

Solar Street Lights with

Built-In Lithium Ion Batteries Are Best for India?

Authored by: Kunwer Sachdev, MD & Founder, Su-Kam

ost of us have heard our grandfathers saying that there was a time when they used to study in street lights. It just not our grandfathers. The legend has it that Mr. Abraham Lincoln used to read under street lights. Street lights serve many purposes – not just offering a place to study. Street lights help make us feel safe – they offer protection from crime and also from accidents as they make roads safe for driving. However, it is sad that there are many areas in India that do not have street lights. One possible reason why India lacks adequate street lighting is because of the cost involved. The other reason being that there is shortage of electricity anyway. But what if we had fully functional long lasting street lights, with minimum maintenance, low costs, and better lighting in India? And what if we could entirely eliminate the use

of electricity and simply power our street l i g h t s through s o l a r energy? Off-grid solar street lights are perfect for India because they are not dependent on grid supply. They can continue working even during power cuts or in remote areas where grid supply is unavailable. Conventional solar street lights have a battery box where Lead Acid battery is kept. Battery stores the solar energy and powers street lights at night.

4 Things That Are Wrong with conventional solar street lights:

52 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

iLA i batteries that are used in conv e n tional solar street lights are costly devices. They essentially had to put in a box and attached on the bottom of pole of the street light not very far from ground level. This resulted in frequent thefts and damage. Seriously! There have been many cases in India where batteries of solar street lights were stolen! ii LA batteries were connected to the solar panel and LED lights with a long cable; this made the installation process complex and resulted in losses. Longer wire = more losses.  www.supersmartenergy.com

ii LA batteries being wet batteries needed frequent replenishment making overall maintenance a tedious procedure.

case of lithium ion batteries these losses are greatly reduced due to the battery being in close proximity of LED lights and solar panels.

ii LA batteries being bulky and large require a longer time to get charged and also give less back up.

ii Maintenance Free: Lithium ion batteries do not need watertopping! They are non-aqueous, light in weight, long lasting. Plug and forget.

The Solution: Latest Technology Based Solar Street Lights with Built-in Lithium ion batteries

ii Quick Charging, More Backup: Lithium ion batteries get charged in a humble 5 hours’ time frame and last almost 13 hours.

Technology is really the answer to many of our problems. Solar street lights are no different. Now solar street lights have in-built lithium – ion batteries. These batteries are non-aqueous nearly half the weight of LA batteries and also get charged faster.

ii Hard to steal: The Lithium ion battery is in-built. It is fixed inside the LED far up the pole making it safe from potential thefts.

4 Things about Solar Street Lights with Lithium-Ion Battery that makes them Perfect for India:

ii Less Losses: LA batteries were connected to the solar panel and LED lights with a cable; this makes the installation process complex and results in losses. While in the

Where to find solar street light with Lithium-Ion battery? Su-Kam has made the best solar street lighting solution for India. Its street lights, Sunway, are available in different sizes specifications. They have in-built lithiumion battery, and can even work in cloudy weather ■

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Product Updates

teamtechnik's high-performance STRINGER TT2100, with 65 MWp annual output

he Stringer TT2100 is setting a new standard at 2100 cycles per hour or 1.7 seconds for a single cycle. It confirms teamtechnik's position as the supplier of the fastest single-track soldering solutions for solar cells in the world, increasing the throughput per stringer to 65 MW per year and production system. The full teamtechnik layup system with two Stringer TT2100s and a 6-axis robot achieves a total output of 130 MW per year. Soldering up to 6 busbars with full and half cells: The new STRINGER TT2100 can process solar cells with up to 6 busbars. Systems that are initially equipped to process fewer busbars can easily be upgraded to 6 busbars later. This applies both to full cells and half cells. New short, compact design: The new stringer saves on space, because, despite achieving higher output, it takes up much less room in the production hall. Compact in design, the Stringer TT2100 needs less production space than its predecessor system. At the same time, teamtechnik has reduced the electricity and compressed air

consumption by another 10%. Gentle cell handling and perfect string geometry: teamtechnik stringers are known for their very low cell breakage rates, accurate string geometries and ribbon positioning. Gentle cell handling, optimum soldering parameters and technologically sophisticated processes also ensure that the even faster STRINGER TT2100 also boasts these features. Even ribbons with very narrow widths of less than 0.6 mm are perfectly placed, as they and the cells are carefully held in place during transport with the patented teamtechnik hold-down system. Soldering is becoming ever more sophisticated as the width of both busbars and ribbons steadily decreases. This is a challenge which teamtechnik has mastered perfectly with its

stringer technology. teamtechnik focuses consistently on improving its expertise in high performance stringers. High, reliable output and the best soldering results are at the heart of the innovative stringer technology. The company has become the world leader in just a few years. Solar module manufacturers from all over the world place orders with teamtechnik. teamtechnik delivered its 600th high-tech system at the beginning of 2016 ■

Ingeteam extends its range of three-phase string inverters up to 40 kW model, a further three models have also been presented: 24 kW, 28 kW and 33 kW. The UL version of these models, specifically designed for the North American market, has also been extended to offer output powers of up to 40 kW.

ngeteam has just launched onto the market its new PV string inverter models, delivering output powers of up to 40 kW in a single inverter. In addition to the 40 kW

This is the INGECON SUN 3Play TLM Series of inverters, noted for their dual MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) as well as their maximum efficiency levels (98.5%) and high performance. For exam-

54 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

ple, this inverter family is suitable for self-consumption systems with no injection of excess energy into the public grid. Ingeteam has already started to supply these new models to many different markets. The models available until now, with output powers ranging from 10 to 20 kW, are already installed in countries such as Switzerland, Italy, Argentina, Paraguay, France, Australia, Chile, India, El Salvador, Brazil, Mexico, United States and Spain, to mention but a few ■

 www.supersmartenergy.com

Glass-Glass-Module: SOLARWAT T 60M style The innovative glass-glass generation ii Super lightweight thanks to glass just 2 mm thick ii Exceptionally reliable yield rates ii 100 % protection against PID ii Increased fire protection SOLARWATT 60M style ii Monocrystalline solar cells ii 260 Wp – 275 Wp (100 % plus sorting) SOLARWATT Service ii SOLARWATT Full Coverage included (up to 1000 kWp) ii Product-warranty as per Special Warranty Conditions for SOLARWATT Solar Modules

ii Performance-warranty as per Special Warranty Conditions for SOLARWATT Solar Modules ii Take-back service as per Delivery Terms for SOLARWATT Solar Modules Product Quality ii long-lasting ii resilient ii high-yield ii innovative ii low-glare ii safe ii resistant against ammonia ii resistant against hail ii resistant against salt mist ■

Solar-Log 2000: For solar power stations and large-scale PV plants

he Solar-Log™ is setting new international standards when it comes to monitoring and managing photovoltaic plants. Perfect and precise monitoring provides the basis for flawless operation, and intelligent controlling systems maximize the consumption of selfproduced power in no time. The Solar-Log 1200 and 2000 come with a TFT color touch screen to operate the device and to display yield graphics and plant data in a descriptive and easy-to-understand way. All Solar-Log™ devices come with an LCD-Status-Display that provides comprehensive information on the installation and operating status

and to present it graphically via the Solar-Log™ WEB Enerest. An additional power meter serves as a consumption meter.

Functions

Combining the Solar-Log 2000 and Utility Meter simplifies implementation of the diverse requirements for power management. The volt-

Self-consumption The Solar-Log 2000 offers the option to measure the amount of self-produced power consumed

Solar-Log 2000 alarm function This provides your plant with antitheft protection and an external alarm against burglars and vandals. Options Solar-Log 2000 PM+ & Solar-Log™ Utility Meter

age-dependent reactive power control, Q(U) function, is accomplished by measuring the medium voltage with the Utility Meter. The combination of the Solar-Log 2000 and Utility Meter is also needed to send a confirmation of the current amount of feed-in power to the grid operator. Solar-Log 2000 & PM-Package For plants larger than 100 kWp, remote control of the reactive power supply and power limitations are required along with a confirmation of the current amount of feedin power. In practice, each grid operator stipulates its own sig-

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Product Updates nalization variant in the technical connection requirements (TAB). To fulfill the requirements from a particular grid operator, Solare Datensysteme offers a grid company specific PM-Package. This package includes hardware that

is adjusted to a company‘s remote control technology and profile file. String Connection Box (SCB) or String Monitoring Box (SMB) When used with the Solar-Log™ WEB Enerest XL and either the SCB

or SMB, the Solar-Log 2000 monitors every single string, ensuring the most complete and secure monitoring for large-scale PV plants with exact error identification and localization ■

MECO “Handheld Thermal Imaging Camera TIC300” MECO offer Handheld Thermal Imaging Camera, Model – TIC300. MECO TIC 300 is a Thermal Imaging Camera which combines the functions of surface temperature measurement and real-time thermal imaging. Traditional thermal imaging cameras measure each component one by one but TIC 300 does it TIC300 Product Application

Air Cooler

Air Conditioner

together thus saving customer’s time. The potential problem is clearly displayed on the color screen which helps customer to quickly locate the central point and temperature of the problem area.

ii Automotive Manufacturing ii Furnace & Smelting ■

To improve recognition, this product is equipped with a vision camera. Based on practical requirements, it can turn thermal image into visional image. Thermal image and visional image can be stored in the memory card. Adjust the images and store them in PC which are used to generated reports or for printing. After seconds it can be tested. This product is the optimum product for electrician and maintenance personnel. It can quickly find out the problem area.

Vehicle Maintenance

Applications: ii Predictive Maintenance of Electrical Equipment ii Transport Industry and Car Maintenance

Hot Kettle

ii Archaeological Study

Electrical Switchgear

ii Electronic & Electrical Manufacturing

Meco Instruments Private Ltd. Plot No. EL-1, MIDC Electronic Zone, TTC Industrial Area, Mahape, Navi Mumbai- 400710 (India) Web: www.mecoinst.com

For More Product Information Contact: Prashant Thakkar (Manager - Solar Products) TEL. NO.: 022 – 27673300, M - 9867266639 Email Id: prashant.thakkar@mecoinst.com

56 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

 www.supersmartenergy.com

LED Bollards Efficient and cost-effective LED bollards with rotationally symmetrical illumination for ground surfaces. The photometric design of these luminaires is based on LED integrated with K-Lite’s precision reflector module. Consistent implementation of new technological developments combined with the highest technical and structural quality has resulted in these states of art luminaires. These luminaires are characterised by their high luminous ef¬ficiency, extremely long service life and the uniformity of the degree of illuminance. These luminaires are available in Ø100 and Ø166, three different heights to suit the installation site. Their sturdy construction makes them especially suitable for areas in which considerable robustness is required to ensure vandal proof service. Application: For the illumination of footpaths, entrance areas, driveway, private and public areas.

K-Lite Advantages - Powerful Design Powerful light ii Extruded aluminium alloy housing through homogenization for durability and thermal management. ii Stainless Steel hardware used for long life and for easy of maintenance. ii Silicon EPDM gasket used for IP ratings and conforming to the safety and reliability requirements of the products.

ii UV stabilized, non yellowing polycarbonate diffusers for better light transmission, vandal resistant and UV stabilisation. ii Finished with 60 micron thick polyester based powder coating for uniform deposition and excellent finish. ii CREE / OSRAM / NICHIA make LEDs, which are internationally recognized brands with higher lumen output are used for better illumination and longevity ■

JA Solar's PV Modules are 100% in Compliance with IEC62804 Anti-PID Standard JA Solar Holdings Co., Ltd. (Nasdaq: JASO) ( "JA Solar" or "JA"), one of the world's largest manufacturers of high-performance solar power products, today announced that its entire portfolio of PV modules has passed the 96-hour Potential Induced Degradation ( "PID") resistance test under the conditions of 85oC degrees and 85% relative humidity (double 85) at -1,000V of system voltage bias as required to meet the IEC62804 standard. JA Solar is the first PV module manufacturing company to guarantee the capability of double 85 anti-PID for all of its PV modules. In addition, as reported earlier, JA

Solar's high-performance multicrystalline Si RIECIUM modules passed an extended 500-hour PID test conducted by TUV SUD with a degradation of less than 2%. This result is a testament to the outstanding anti-PID capability of the high-performance modules, which are now guaranteed to be able to sustain a doubled (192 hours) IEC62804 standard PID test and are certified by PIBERLIN and PVEL. The excellent anti-PID performance of JA's PV modules provides an enhanced quality and reliability assurance to the end users for the stable operation of PV installations, especially for those operating in a hot and humid environment over their

25-year life span. "The advantage of JA's solar products is reflected not only in its core technology that features high performance and cost-effectiveness, but also in its reliability," said Dr. Wei Shan, Chief Technology Officer of JA Solar. "To be able to pass 'double 85' anti-PID certifications for all our PV modules in mass production is a tremendous achievement in terms of JA Solar's ability to produce high-performance and highly reliable PV modules to meet the ever-growing demands for better solar products from our customers and project partners" ■

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

Power Stats Programme/ Scheme wise Physical Progress in 2015-16 (Up to the month of February, 2016) Sector

FY- 2015-16 Target

Cumulative Achievements

Achievement

(as on 29.02.2016)

I. GRID-INTERACTIVE POWER (CAPACITIES IN MW) Wind Power

2400.00

1773.68

25217.29

Solar Power

1400.00

1788.10

5547.21

Small Hydro Power

250.00

139.05

4194.40

Bio-Power

400.00

4826.53

10.00

0.00

115.08

4460.00

3720.18

39900.51

Waste to Power Total II. OFF-GRID/ CAPTIVE POWER

(CAPACITIES IN MW)

Waste to Energy

10.00

14.13

160.16

Biomass(non-bagasse) Cogeneration

60.00

49.50

652.37

-Rural

2.00

0.20

18.15

-Industrial

6.00

8.67

160.57

Aero-Genrators/Hybrid systems

0.50

0.15

2.67

50.00

81.00

307.31

2.00

0.00

17 17.21

130.50

153.65

1318.44

1.10

0.50

48.48

0.00

8.90

Biomass Gasiﬁers

SPV Systems Water mills/micro hydel Total III. OTHER RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS Family Biogas Plants (numbers in lakh) Solar Water Heating – Coll. Areas(m. m2)

State-wise details of total current commissioned capacity of solar energy State Andhra Pradesh

Capacity (MW) 475.74

State Madhya Pradesh

Capacity (MW) 678.58

State Uttar Pradesh

Capacity (MW) 140

Arunachal Pradesh

0.265

Maharashtra

378.7

Uttarakhand

Chhattisgarh

73.18

Odisha

66.92

West Bengal

7.21

1024.15

Punjab

342.32

Gujarat Haryana

12.8

Delhi

6.712

1264.35

Chandigarh

5.041

Tamil Nadu

635.87

Puducherry

0.025

392.39 392

Daman & Diu

Rajasthan

Jharkhand

Karnataka

104.22 104

Telangana

Kerala

12.025

Tripura

Others:Rooftop

4 114.223

Total commissioned Solar Capacity as on 07/03/2016 is 5775.571 MW

58 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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Telephone Email

Tenders

TENDER 101 Organisation Name

Indian Rare Earths Ltd, OSCOM

Organisation Type

Public Sector Undertakings

Tender Ref. No

OSCOM/SOP/11/E/00276/PT dated 04/03/2016

Tender Title

Expression of Interest for short listing of parties towards Installation and commissioning of a 5MW grid interactive solar power plant in the IREL OSCOM lease hold area throu.

Contact Details

Sri A K Mohapatra/ headireo@sancharnet.in/ 06811257904

TENDER 102 Organisation Name

Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited

Organisation Type

Public Sector Undertakings

Tender Ref. No

SJVN/ECD/WIND/2016

Tender Title

EPC contract for 50 (plus/minus 5 percentage) MW capacity Wind Power Project at a suitable location in India with its Comprehensive Operation and Maintenance for 10 years.

Contact Details

Parveen Verma/ sjvncontractdelhi@gmail.com/ 01141018824

TENDER 103 Organisation Name

North Eastern Railway

Organisation Type

Central Govt. Ministry/Department

Tender Ref. No

M/WM/P/02/2016/SOLAR/GKPS

Tender Title

RFQ for Harnessing of solar energy on rooftop of railway building by implementation of 630 KW roof top solar photo voltaic system at Mechanical Workshop ,Gorakhpur

Contact Details

B S Dohre/ cwm@ner.railnet.gov.in/ 05512281384

TENDER 104 Organisation Name

HIMURJA

Organisation Type

State Govt. and UT

Tender Ref. No

HIMURJA (F-7)-FPC-SWHS/ 2016-17

Tender Title

Design, manufacture, supply, erection , testing and commissioning of Solar Water Heating Systems (Flat Plate Type)

Contact Details

Parvesh Kumar Soni/ himurja-hp@nic.in/ 01772628074

TENDER 105 Organisation Name

Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited

Organisation Type

State Govt. Undertaking

Tender Ref. No

KREDL/07/RPO/GC/RPF/2015-16

Tender Title

Request For Proposal (RFP) Invited From The Power Producing Companies/ Solar Developers For Allotment Of 240 Mws Grid Connected Solar Power Projects In 12 Taluks Of Karnataka State.

Contact Details

080-25501216

60â&#x20AC;&#x201A;SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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EVENTS WATCH Event: 6th Asia Energy Security Summit Date: 1- 3 March 2016 Venue: Radisson Goad Candolim Goa, India Contact: Divya Parthasarathy, M: 9650650044, E: divya@ippaimail.org

Event: Solar Middle East Date: 1- 3 March 2016 Venue: Dubai International Exhibition Centre, UAE Contact: Annash Ahmed, annash.ahmed@informa.com

Event: Middle Electricity

East

Event: Regulatory & Policy Framework in the Power Sector- Module II Date: 13- 17 April, 2016 Venue: IRPRI Resort, Belgundi, Belgaum, Karnataka, India Contact: Dharun Kapur/ 9717063202/ dharun@ippaimail.org

Event: 2nd Smart Cities India 2016 Expo Date: 11-13 May 2016 Venue: Pragati Maidan, New Delhi

Venue: Dubai World Trade Centre, UAE

Venue: BITEC , Bangkok, Thailand

Date: 15-19 March 2016 Venue: Manekshaw Center, New Delhi, India Contact: T: +91 11 4103 0398, isgw@isgw.in

Venue: DWTC, Dubai, UAE Contact: www.intersolar.ae

Event: Intersolar India 2016 Date: 19-21 Oct, 2016 Venue: BIEC, Goregaon, Mumbai, India Contact: Swapna Kulkarni, +91 224255 4729, swapna.kulkarni@ mmi-india.in

Event: Asean Sustainable Energy Week Date: 1–4 June 2016

Event: India Smart Grid Week 2016

Date: September 19-21, 2016

Contact: Mr. Praveen Singh, Mob. +91 9899 786 777, E-mail: praveens@eigroup.in

Date: 1- 3 March 2016

Contact: Sophie Hazelton, sophie.hazelton@informa.com

Event: Intersolar Middle East

Contact: +662 642 6911 ext. 314/ www.asew-expo.com/ asew-th@ ubm.com

Event: 10th Renewable Energy India Expo Date: 7-9 Sept, 2016 Venue: India Expo Centre, Greater Noida Contact: Rajneesh Khattar, rajneesh.khattar@ubm.com

March/ April 2016 SmartEnergy

ADVERTISERS INDEX 10th REI 2016 Asian Sustainable Energy Week

IBC 45

Exide Industries Ltd.

IFC

Gangadan Energy Pvt. Ltd.

Intersolar India

Intersolar Middle East

IPPAI

K-Lite Industries

Meco Metere Pvt.Ltd.

Mtekpro Technologies Pvt.Ltd.

Power-Gen India

Urja Solutions

Vajra Power Conversions Limited

62 SmartEnergy March/ April 2016

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World-Wide Wind Energy Solution with European Technology Collaboration Gangadan’s Services: • 3rd Party verification & consultancy services • Site analysis & Techno-Commercial assessment • Turnkey EPC Solution • Project finance & Re-finance • Purchase and sale of used & new Wind Turbine • Refurbishment • Installation, Commissioning & Dismantling • Operation & Maintenance with 24X7 support

Gangadan Energy Pvt. Ltd. 128, Patrakar Colony, New Power House Road, Jodhpur, 342001, India

Phone : +91-(0)291-2611177 | 9166111999 Mail : gangadanenergy@gmail.com Web : www.gangadan.in