FIRST AID BASICS & AWARENESS

Basic First Aid For Medical Emergencies

Session Objectives Recognize the benefits of obtaining first-aid and CPR certification Identify proper procedures for a variety of medical emergencies Assist in administering first aid when a co-worker is injured Do no further harm

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Prequiz: True or False?

After an accident, immediately move the victim to a comfortable position.

If a person is bleeding, use a tourniquet.

Signs of a heart attack include shortness of breath, anxiety, and perspiration.

All burns can be treated with first aid alone; no emergency medical attention is necessary. Š Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

Help! Emergency!

Minutes could make a difference

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Four Basic Rules

Bring the victim 1.2.Call forhelp helptoimmediately 4.3.Do no further harm Check the ABCs

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Assess the Scene Evaluate the scene Assess safety Prioritize care Check for medical alert tags Do head-to-toe check Move only if necessary

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No Breathing Administer CPR: • Lay the person on his or her back • Give chest compressions • Tilt head slightly • Breathe into the person’s mouth • Continue until EMS personnel arrive

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Bleeding • Stop the flow of blood • Wear gloves • Cover the wound • Apply pressure • If a body part has been amputated, put it on ice

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Shock • Lay the victim down • Cover • Raise feet

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Anaphylactic Shock • Give the victim medication • Call for help ASAP • Start CPR if necessary

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Heart Attack • Call 108 • Make victim comfortable • Loosen tight clothing • Check for medication • Keep victim still • Don’t give stimulants

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Choking • Ask a person to speak

or cough • Deliver 5 back blows • Perform abdominal thrusts • Repeat sequence of back blows and abdominal thrusts

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If Abdominal Thrusts Don’t Work • Call 108 • Finger sweep • Abdominal thrusts • Check ABCs • Perform CPR if not breathing

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Electrical Shock Don’t touch!

Turn power off Call 108 Remove person from live wire Check for breathing

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Match the problem with the correct first-aid procedure.

Bleeding

CPR

Choking

Elevate feet

No breathing

Keep victim still

Heart attack Shock Sweeten deal Š Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

Direct pressure

Abdominal thrusts

Review Do you understand first-aid procedures for: • No breathing?

• Bleeding?

• Shock?

• Heart attack?

• Choking?

• Electrical shock?

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Eye Injuries • Splashes • Particles in eye • Blow to eye • Cuts near eye • Penetrating objects

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Burns • First-degree burns—Reddened, painful skin • Second-degree burns—Blistering • Third-degree burns—Charring, deep tissue damage

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Exposure to Hazardous Materials • Eyes • Skin • Inhalation • Ingestion

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Broken Bones • Look • Ask • Treat for shock

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Heat Exhaustion • Move to cool place • Lay victim down • Elevate feet • Loosen clothing • Give fluids • Apply cool compresses

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Heatstroke • Immediately call 108 • Cool the person down • Monitor

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Fainting • Check for breathing • Administer CPR if

necessary • Call 108 if more than a few minutes • If conscious, lay the victim down with feet elevated

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Epileptic Seizures • Remove victim from • • • •

hazards Check for breathing Nothing in the mouth Keep comfortable Call 108 if medical assistance is needed

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Multiple choice Which is the worst kind of burn?

a. First degree b. Third degree

For a particle in the eye:

a. Flush with water b. Rub eye

For inhalation of vapors or gases:

a. Induce vomiting b. Move to fresh air

For heatstroke:

a. Call 108 b. Don’t call 108

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Review Do you understand first-aid procedures for: • Eye injuries?

• Burns?

• Exposure to hazardous materials?

• Broken bones?

• Heat exhaustion and heatstroke?

• Fainting?

• Epileptic seizures? © Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

Key Points to Remember Medical emergencies can happen anytime.

Act quickly, calmly, and correctly.

Consider being certified in first aid and CPR.

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