Basic First Aid For Medical Emergencies
Session Objectives Recognize the benefits of obtaining first-aid and CPR certification Identify proper procedures for a variety of medical emergencies Assist in administering first aid when a co-worker is injured Do no further harm
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Prequiz: True or False? After an accident, immediately move the victim to a comfortable position. If a person is bleeding, use a tourniquet. Signs of a heart attack include shortness of breath, anxiety, and perspiration. All burns can be treated with first aid alone; no emergency medical attention is necessary. Š Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
Help! Emergency! Minutes could make a difference
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Four Basic Rules
Bring the victim 1.2.Call forhelp helptoimmediately 4.3.Do no further harm Check the ABCs
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Assess the Scene Evaluate the scene Assess safety Prioritize care Check for medical alert tags Do head-to-toe check Move only if necessary
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No Breathing Administer CPR: • Lay the person on his or her back • Give chest compressions • Tilt head slightly • Breathe into the person’s mouth • Continue until EMS personnel arrive
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Bleeding • Stop the flow of blood • Wear gloves • Cover the wound • Apply pressure • If a body part has been amputated, put it on ice
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Shock • Lay the victim down • Cover • Raise feet
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Anaphylactic Shock • Give the victim medication • Call for help ASAP • Start CPR if necessary
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Heart Attack • Call 108 • Make victim comfortable • Loosen tight clothing • Check for medication • Keep victim still • Don’t give stimulants
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Choking • Ask a person to speak
or cough • Deliver 5 back blows • Perform abdominal thrusts • Repeat sequence of back blows and abdominal thrusts
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If Abdominal Thrusts Don’t Work • Call 108 • Finger sweep • Abdominal thrusts • Check ABCs • Perform CPR if not breathing
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Electrical Shock Don’t touch! Turn power off Call 108 Remove person from live wire Check for breathing
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Match the problem with the correct first-aid procedure.
Bleeding
CPR
Choking
Elevate feet
No breathing
Keep victim still
Heart attack Shock Sweeten deal Š Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
Direct pressure
Abdominal thrusts
Review Do you understand first-aid procedures for: • No breathing? • Bleeding? • Shock? • Heart attack? • Choking? • Electrical shock?
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Eye Injuries • Splashes • Particles in eye • Blow to eye • Cuts near eye • Penetrating objects
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Burns • First-degree burns—Reddened, painful skin • Second-degree burns—Blistering • Third-degree burns—Charring, deep tissue damage
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Exposure to Hazardous Materials • Eyes • Skin • Inhalation • Ingestion
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Broken Bones • Look • Ask • Treat for shock
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Heat Exhaustion • Move to cool place • Lay victim down • Elevate feet • Loosen clothing • Give fluids • Apply cool compresses
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Heatstroke • Immediately call 108 • Cool the person down • Monitor
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Fainting • Check for breathing • Administer CPR if
necessary • Call 108 if more than a few minutes • If conscious, lay the victim down with feet elevated
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Epileptic Seizures • Remove victim from • • • •
hazards Check for breathing Nothing in the mouth Keep comfortable Call 108 if medical assistance is needed
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Multiple choice Which is the worst kind of burn?
a. First degree b. Third degree
For a particle in the eye:
a. Flush with water b. Rub eye
For inhalation of vapors or gases:
a. Induce vomiting b. Move to fresh air
For heatstroke:
a. Call 108 b. Don’t call 108
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Review Do you understand first-aid procedures for: • Eye injuries? • Burns? • Exposure to hazardous materials? • Broken bones? • Heat exhaustion and heatstroke? • Fainting? • Epileptic seizures? © Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
Key Points to Remember Medical emergencies can happen anytime. Act quickly, calmly, and correctly. Consider being certified in first aid and CPR.
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