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33
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ee
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n p e ~ ~ e a ~ r n ~ f i cmemrnero ~ o r o , repMaHcKoe npoMcxoxneH H e . q~06b1n O H R T b 3 T 0 HBJIeHWe, n P M n e T C R O ~ P ~ T M T ~ C R K MCTOPMkI A H r n H w , H ) X H O ~qaCTM ~ H b ~ H e I l I H e f iBenw~o6pwM
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, @ ~ B H ~ ~ H I ' J I u ~ ~ c KllepU0,IJ M~~
Old English C cepenmar V seKa no 1066 rona MCTOPHR a H r J I M q a H
V BeKa,
K a K HaUMM HaqkIHaeTCH C C e p e n M H b I
C 3aBOeBaHMR OCTpOBa rePMaHCKMMM IIJIeMeHaMM a H -
rJIOB, CaKCOB M lOTOB. O H M IIOKOPMJIM, s a C T M q H 0 M c T ~ ~ ~ H B , K O p e H H b I e KeJIbTCKMe n J I e M e H a , YCTyIIaBlUMe MM IIO YPOBHIO KYJIbTYPHOrO Pa3BMTMR. CJIOB OT KeJIbTOB B ~ H ~ H ~ ~ CIIOqK O M TI4 H e OCTaJIOCb, XOTR HeKOTOPbIe M3 3TWX HeMHOrMX BOUJIW B MeXAYHaPOflHYIO JIeKCMKy, B TOM qMCJIe M B P Y C C K M ~R3bIK: ~ KJIaH, IIJIen M BMCKM.
Ao
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repMaHueB
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Y n a n e H H b I X I I ~ o B M H U M ~OT ~ . 3TOTO B p e M e H M OCTaJIOCb 6 0 n b u I O e KOJIMqeCTBO ~ H ~ J ~ M ~ ~ cTOIIOHMMOB K M x C 3JIeMeHTaMM
-chester M -caster OT n a T n H c K o r o castrum
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PMMOM. Aanee no XI B e K a
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B ~ H ~ M ~ ~ CMKH OOr OM CJIOB H 3 n a T C K O r 0 , n p e B H e H O p B e X C K O r 0 M ,QPYrMX r e p M a H C K M X H3bIKOB B TOM B M n e , B KaKOM OHM CY-
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n o c ~ e n e ~ ~nbe p~e Xf Oi A
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Middle English K o ~ e un n a ~ ~ oqepene fi s a ~ o e s a ~M~ ~f ai 6 e r o BnonoXMJIM H O P M a H H b I , KOTOPbIe 3 a B O e B a n M A ~ r n M m TaK KpenKO,
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AHOM OM
nPMP0,QHbIMM P e C y p C a M M nOJIyOCTpOBe,
3aXBaTMBLlIMe C e B e p 0 - 3 a n a n H y l O q a C T b C O B ~ ~ M ~ H pa^H O ~ ~ UMM
M yCBOMBLlIMe
M ~ C T H ~H3bIK I ~ ~ (CT~PO@~~HUY~CKM
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H a 3 ~ a ~AOMarUHWX a ~ XBBOTHbIX WMelOT r e p M a H C K O e n p o a c x o x H e H w e , a60 wx p a 3 s e ~ e 6b1nw ~ ~ e ~~ ~ H H aTH r~n OI CaKCbI: OX - <(6b1~*, calf - <(TeneHOKb>,sheep - <(OBUa*, pig <(CBBHbR,>. A BOT MHCO COOTBeTCTBYlOUWX XWBOTHbIX HOCWT @ ~ ~ H U Y ~ C H K aW s B ~a H W H , A a H H b I e JIlOnbMW, KOTOpbIe er0 earn: beef - <(roBHHHHao, veal - e T e n x T m a , > , mutton - <(6apaHWHa*, pork - <(CBEIHMHa,>. H H K ~ K~ O o ~~W~T W Y ~ C ~K ~WM~ ~@ J I H e BbIHBWT C 6onbruefi BbIpa3WTeJlbHOCTbK) HepaBeHCTBO, 9 e M
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CWHTeTWseCKOrO H3bIKa, K a -
n p e ~ p a w a n cB ~H Middle English -
K O B ~ I M W6 b 1 n ~B c e A p e B H e r e p M a H c K w e ,
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a ~ a n ~ ~ w s e cno ~ ~CYTM, fi.
TO
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HOBO~H~J IIepUOfl ~U~~CKM~~ New English BTOnepMOA C KOHUa XV B e K a ki A 0 HallIkIX ~ H e f i .3 a B e p npouecc nepexona ~ 3 b 1 K~ a H a n a T a Y e c K o M y c ~ p o m . Hne~nanbaefimeu e 3 ~ e ~ ea ~ 06orauesae we n e ~ c BuOCHOB~ ~ HOM 3a CVeT JlaTbIHH H COBpeMeHHOrO TOMY B p e M e H H @ p a H UaeTcR
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B H a C T O R u e e B p e M R MHOrMe JIMHTAmerican English no K o n M r e c T B y n e K -
T~HCKO R ~ ~~ I K O BHOPMbI. O ~ ~ B M C T ~ ICqPiTamT, YTO
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ero OT British English, yme
<<3aCJIyXMBaeT* BbIAeJIeHPiR B K a q e C T B e CaMOCTORTeJIbHOrO
~3b1~ s aa n a n ~ o r e p ~ a ~ cr~p yonfnib 1 .
To x e norosapasam,
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a w i T a T b ero H a s M H a n M no n p a m JIaM ~ H ~ J I M ~ ~ c H3bIKa. K O ~ O T ~ KH ,a I I p H M e p , @ ~ ~ H U Y ~ CH K a-O ~ 3BaHMe H e s P i ~ a e ~ o B f i 3TOM H 3 b I K e ~ Y K B ~ h I - ache [am], B ~ H ~ ~ I ~ ~Xe C H KaO 3 BM a H H e ~ Y K B COXpaHMJIO ~ I @pa~uy3~~0e H a I I M C a H H e , H O llPOH3HOCMTCH ~ O - ~ H M H ~ ~ C K [I ~? G Y ] . A ~ r J I H f i ~ K k lH3bIK fi C er0 H e y n 0 p ~ n 0 9 e H H 0 f i o p @ o r p a @ M efi nJIOX0 npacnoco6nea n J I H T p a H C K p H I I U H M 3aMMCTBOBaHB a n o c b HanMcaHkie cnoBa,
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T a ~ x OTCYTCTBYJOT e YCTOHBLUMCCH T p a n H U H M B TOG o 6 n a c ~ ~~ ~. M B O X HY3 a H r J I 0 ~ 3 b 1 4 ~ 0 fBi M K B ~ I ~ A M H a Y a J I O c T a T b a o H a m e M n p o ~ o @ b e ~ e<<Sergei ,>: Sergeyevich Prokofiev. Alternative transliterations of his name include Sergey or Serge, and Prokofief, Prokofieff; or Prokofyev,>. I/I TOT H e n o c T a T O K H3bIKOB.
l l p M C y U H3bIKY,
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n o n n ~ c a ~B on e s a n 25.06.2010. O o p ~ 60 a ~x 901/,,. Eiy~araoQcemarl. r a p ~ w ~ y pHa~IOTOH. Ycn. nes. n. 13,O. Ys.-n3n. n. 13,O. Tupax 2000 3 ~ 3 M3n. . N ! 850. 3 a ~ a 3Nc 3653. 3 A 0 <kl3naTenbcTB0HU SHAC*. 115114, M O C K BA~ ,e p 6 e ~ e e c ~ a 6~ . 11. , Ten. (495) 913-66-30. E-mail: sekr@enas.ru http://www.enas.ru O ~ n e np e a n ~ s a u u w . 115114, M o c ~ s aA, e p 6 e ~ e ~ ~c a~6 a. 11. ,~ Ten. (495) 913-66-20. E-mail: adres@enas.ru, inout@enas.ru @ M ~ M ~ H~H a~ Ir ~ a%c cs c ~n e ~u ~ a n ~ c ~ , . 115201, M O C K BK~ ~, U I M P C K npoesn, M ~ ~ 9, CTp. 1. Ten. (499) 619-48-09. E-mail: magazin@enas.ru
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