Beyond the Formal/Informal Dichotomy: The case of Warwick Junction, Durban

BEYOND THE FORMAL / INFORMAL DICHOTOMY Towards a strategic perspective

The case of Warwick Junction in Durban

by Beryl Boonzaaier

PREVIEW

Long Term Development Framework Integrated Development Plan Spatial Development Framework Spatial Development Long TermPlan Development Framework Local Area Plan Precinct/Special Area Plans Integrated Development Plan

PHASE 1

Corporate / Multi-sectoral Strategic approach & intentions eThekwini Municipal-wide Strategic / Multisectoral planning guidance for functional regions 10 - 20 year timeframe Development guidance for geographically specific districts or precincts 3 - 10 year timeframe Corporate / Multi-sectoral Strategic approach & intentions SPATIAL DIAGNOSIS eThekwini Municipal-wide - involvement of all relevant actos Strategic / Multisectoralsocialplanning - building concensus on key issues guidance for functional regions 10 - 20 year timeframe

Spatial Development Framework

MOBILISING STAKEHOLDERS

ISSUE AND CITY PROFILING

PREPARATORY AND STAKEHOLDER MOBILISATION

Spatial Development Plan

IDENTIFYING ISSUES

Local Area Plan Precinct/Special Area Plans

Development guidance for geographically specific districts or precincts 3 - 10 year timeframe ELABORATING ISSUES

PHASE 2

Public Participation

PHASE 1

Public Participation

- formal political and stakeholder commitment SPATIAL DIAGNOSIS - strategy outlines - involvement of all relevant social actos - building concensus on key issues

ISSUE AND CITY PROFILING STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

PREPARATORY AND STAKEHOLDER MOBILISATION

IDENTIFYING ISSUES FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

PHASE 3

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN ACTION PLAN LOCAL STRATEGICVISION PROJECT COLLECTIVE AND URBAN PACT

ELABORATING ISSUES

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PROJECT BUILDING COLLABORATION AND FORGING A CONCENSUS ON FUTURE VISION INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

PHASE 2

COLLECTIVE VISION DEVELOPMENT, ISSUE PRIORITISATION & STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

Source: Schneider, Buehn, and Montenegro, 2010 (adapted by author)

COLLECTIVE VISION AND URBAN PACT

MOBILISING STAKEHOLDERS BUILDING COLLABORATION AND FORGING A CONCENSUS ON FUTURE VISION

COLLECTIVE VISION DEVELOPMENT, ISSUE PRIORITISATION & STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

- formal political and stakeholder commitment - strategy outlines

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION

PHASE 4

EVALUATION REPORT LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN ACTION PLAN LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT

UPSCALING AND REPLICATION NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

PHASE 3

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING INSTITUTIONALISATION STRATEGIC PROJECT INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

Land Use Schemes

Source: Schneider, Buehn, and Montenegro, 2010 (adapted by author)

Environmental and built form guidance for geographic specific areas 1 - 5 year timeframe

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

PHASE 4

EVALUATION REPORT

UPSCALING AND REPLICATION

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

INSTITUTIONALISATION

Land Use Schemes

motivation

theoretical framework

Environmental and built form guidance for geographic specific areas 1 - 5 year timeframe

planning framework

Phase 2: Vision and Urban Pact

Phase 1: spatial diagnosis

approach ranging form the metropolitan to local scales of development, and showing how this process can happen through the development of a local stra tegic plan. This plan also shows how elements can be considered through using

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

approach ranging form the metropolitan to local scales of development, and ishowing (c) What is public space can in the post-apartheid context? how this process happen through the development of a local stra tegic plan. This plan also shows how elements can be considered through using

SOCIAL AND INFRASTRUCTURE GREEN BLUE LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE

PLANNING INSTRUMENT

TYPE

STAKEHOLDERS

PROCESS OF ACTIVATION

PROGRAM

FORMULA 1 HOTEL (night)

MONITORING & EVALUATION

4. maintenance & utilities cost

1. Establishment of a

+ EDUCATIONAL FACILITY (day)

NGO or / with

library & learning

GREEN LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE FLOWS AND AND BLUE MOVEMENT NETWORKS

CHILDCARE FACILITY (day)

VACANT <2 YEARS

WORKGROUP COMMITEE

LOCAL COMMITEE

400m

radiu

s

MUNICIPALITY

PLANNING INSTRUMENT

SOCIAL TENURE

STAKEHOLDERS LOCAL COMMITEE

VULNERABLE SOCIAL GROUPS

FLOWS AND MOVEMENT HISTORIC AND CULTURAL NETWORKS ELEMENTS

MUNICIPALITY

s

100m

Vacant

200m

500m

SOCIAL TENURE

LOCAL COMMITEE NGO’s

Decaying / Dilapidated

400m

radiu

s

VULNERABLE SOCIAL GROUPS

PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM HISTORIC AND CULTURAL ELEMENTS 100m

PROGRAM

inhabitants

homeless, women & children priority

FORMULA 1 HOTEL (night)

+

professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

FORMULA 1 HOTEL (night) creche playground affordable room rental & dining EDUCATIONAL FACILITY (day) AFFORDABLE SHARED HOUSING library & learning homeless, women

& children priority WORKSHOPS & TRAINING CENTRE WORKSHOPS & TRAINING CENTRE

community members inhabitants

SQUATTER BUILDINGS

2. negotiation with

HEALTHCARE ONE-STOP CENTRE HEALTHCARE ONE-STOP CENTRE

VACANT <5 YEARS

WORKGROUP COMMITEE inhabitants

+

N

affordable room rental & dining

INDIVIDUAL OWNER

+

licence agreement (short/medium term) defines rights & responsibilities community members inhabitants defines period of occupancy

incentive:

decrease taxes to convey property to temporary use

2. negotiation with MUNICIPALITY

INDIVIDUAL OWNERS

library & learning WORKSHOPS & TRAINING CENTRE

HEALTHCARE ONE-STOP CENTRE

+

Planning Bureau

3. implementation community members inhabitants

- new programme - possible locations - spatial transformations

s radiu

inhabitants

professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

bone of theand project in order to guide and inform the design process. were used expressed in order to rethink the urban structure and The allow the through a variety of experiences and uses.

+ LOCAL COMMITEE

WORKGROUP COMMITEE community members inhabitants

theory landscape urbanism how and this inform theory the can design be usedprocess. to design with an bone ofofthe project in order toisguide The

inhabitants

community members

inhabitants with Municipality

distribution monitors the process

+ LOCAL COMMITEE

as the one in Durban. theory of landscape urbanism is how this theory can be used to design with an

community members inhabitants

LOCAL COMMITEE

decrease taxes to convey property to temporary use

+

Planning Bureau

community members inhabitants

400m

. Local Community signs agreement . Collective community management LOCAL COMMITEE . Commitee or NGO manages the

if needed MUNICIPALITY

Acquisition of land by municipality licence agreement (short/medium term) defines rights & responsibilities defines period of occupancy

- new programme - possible locations - spatial transformations if needed

PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM URBAN STRUCTURE

. Local Community signs agreement with Municipality

. Collective community management . Commitee or NGO manages the distribution monitors the process

as the one in Durban. process. This approach is widely recognised and feed into the current planning processes that are happening in Durban already, with an emphasis on how a local strategic plan can be developed and implemented using a local strategic project as a catalyst. This also again links back to the theory of strategic plan proach beapproach used and isadapted in other areas the the Durban Metropolitan process.can This widely recognised andwithin feed into current planning area. processes that are happening in Durban already, with an emphasis on how a local strategic plan can be developed and implemented using a local strategic project as a catalyst. This also again links back to the theory of strategic plan

URBAN STRATEGIC PLAN URBAN STRUCTURE

URBAN STRATEGIC PLAN

Phase 3: Local Strategic Plan

MUNICIPALITY or / with

WORKGROUP COMMITEE MONITORING & EVALUATION

professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

incentive:

SQUATTER BUILDINGS

LOCAL COMMITEE NGO or / with

LOCAL COMMITEE

Map local needs and demands in space

EDUCATIONAL FACILITY (day)

NGO’s

MUNICIPALITY Acquisition of land by municipality

professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

Map vacancy and ownership in space

3. implementation

LOCAL COMMITEE INDIVIDUAL OWNERS

MUNICIPALITY

FORMULA 1 HOTEL (night) 500m

4. maintenance & utilities cost

Map local needs and

1. Establishment ofdemands a in space

library & learning CHILDCARE FACILITY (day)

VACANT <2 YEARS

community members inhabitants

Map vacancy and ownership in space

affordable room rental & dining HEALTHCARE ONE-STOP EDUCATIONAL FACILITYCENTRE (day)

VACANT <5 YEARS

MUNICIPALITY or / with

PROCESS OF ACTIVATION

+

AFFORDABLE SHARED HOUSING

WORKSHOPS & TRAINING CENTRE

Vacant

200m

playground

+

INDIVIDUAL OWNER

0m

TYPE

N

PRIVATELY OWNED BUILDINGS

radiu 400m

Decaying / Dilapidated

0m

PRIVATELY OWNED BUILDINGS

creche

were used and expressed in order to rethink the urban structure and allow the through a variety of experiences and uses. i (c) What is public space in the post-apartheid context?

affordable room rental & dining

Phase 3: Local Strategic Project

implementation

proach can be used and adapted in other areas within the Durban Metropolitan area.

Phase 4: Evaluation and monitoring

motivation

INFORMAL MARKETS WORLDWIDE

GUATEMALA CITY STREET MARKET

MARKET IN LAGOS

MARKET IN MUMBAI

‘On average the size of the informal economy in Africa (in percent of GDP) was 42% for the years 1999/2000. Zimbabwe, Tanzania and Nigeria have with 59.4, 58.3 and 57.9% by far the largest informal economy. In the middle field are Mozambique, Cote d’Ivoire and Madagascar with 40.3, 39.9 and 39.6%.

At the lower end are Botswana with 33.4, Cameroon with 32.8 and South Africa with 28.4%. In sum one realizes that the size of the informal economy which is more like a parallel economy in Africa is quite large’ The informal sector is a pervasive and persistent economic feature of most developing economies, contributing significantly to employment creation, production, and income generation.

Source: Schneider, Buehn, and Montenegro, 2010 (adapted by author)

50-60+ 40-50 30-40 20-30 10-20 0-10 No data

LA PAZ STREET MARKET

BANGKOK MARKET

WARWICK MARKET

PERCENTAGE OF GDP CONTRIBUTION OF THE INFORMAL ECONOMY WORLDWIDE (2006)

FORMAL LEGAL REGULATED LEGITIMATE

?

INFORMAL ILLEGAL UNREGULATED ILLEGITIMATE

FORMAL

+

INFORMAL

=

ONE ECONOMY

ACKNOWLEDGING THE DIFFERENT DEMANDS:

FORMAL - Market driven approach responding to high-end formal market

ONE SYSTEM that respond to both INFORMAL - Struggling to be included into urban plans Weakest group, losing out to the big pressure from the formal market

INTEGRATION OF THE VOICES OF THE WEAKEST ACTORS IN URBAN PLANS THROUGH A MORE PARTICIPATORY PLANNING APPROACH

theoretical framework

strategic planning Strategic spatial planning is a progressive

and integrative, socio-spatial and participatory process through which a vision, a set of coherent actions and the means for implementation are produced that shape and frame what a place is and might become. Strategic spatial planning identiďŹ es and gathers major social actors or stakeholders (public and private) and allows for decisions on concrete actions to be integrative of the voices of these actors, towards building a city collectively. Strategic planning is selective

issues that really matter.

and oriented to

As it is impossible to do everything that needs to be done, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;strategicâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; implies that some decisions and actions are considered more important than others and that much of the process lies in making the tough decisions about what is most important for the purpose of producing structural responses to problems, challenges, aspirations and diversity (Albrechts 2004: 751-752).

public space Urban public space plays an important role in the livelihoods of the urban poor. The use of public space for personal and commercial purposes is common in cities

street being an asset as it provides space for commercial activities. Location thus tends to be of major importance to small scale operators. Brown, (2002) states that the access to the concentration of people and their assets and services are important to the urban poor. As well as being part of the public realm, the notion of shared space is important in this context, as it provides the opportunity for multiple uses. Public space is an important part of the social infrastructure for the urban poor, the flexible use of public open spaces increases the economic and social well being of the urban poor in developing countries. of developing countries with the

landscape urbanism As the morphology of the contemporary city has changed, its functions

and forces have transformed. This change calls for new

methods and models for viewing and understanding the city. As the dichotomy of city and country, nature and culture are weakened landscape urbanism suggests a re-evaluation of landscape as a model to understand the cities of today and tomorrow. Bach and Clemmensen (2005) suggest that there is a particular functionality

of the landscape, namely its ability to support and cope with natural and

cultural processes over time. With this ability, Bach et. al (2005) suggest that interesting planning perspectives are raised since there is a potential to address processes in urban planning regarding both spatiality and temporality.

problem field

N Durbanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Industrial Area

Campus of Durban University of Technology

Warwick Avenue Triangle

Berea Mall

Flyovers

National Highway

Durban Corporation Transport Depot

Durban University of Technology

Golf Course

Botanical Gardens-Curries Fountain

Durban Beachfront

Victoria Park

Victoria Embankment

Port

CBD

West Street Cemetery

Berea Train Station

Center of Durban Historical Area of Mixed Use

Durban Train Station

WARWICK BORDERS

1km = 12 minute w alk

problem statement Warwick Junction is an overloaded transport nodal point which does not recognise the contextual relation at the local level and its just part of the metropolitan level by being the transport nodal point. This has led to a loss of the identity of the place at the local level. The lack of planning coordination in the area of Warwick Junction historically until today has led to it having no clear spatial identity, which has led to a clear loss of sense of place. The above criteria expressed in the spatial, economic and political complexity within Warwick Junction gives rise to tension between the formal and informal actors and processes that result in conflicts of the place-space structure of the area.

TENSION BETWEEN THE FORMAL & THE INFORMAL ACTORS AND PROCESSES

SPATIAL FRAGMENTATION - NO CLEAR SPATIAL IDENTITY

HIGH CONNECTIVITY OF TRANSPORT NODAL POINTS-CONGESTION & LOSS OF â&#x20AC;&#x153;SENSE OF PLACE

LACK OF INTEGRATED PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM

LACK OF URBAN PLANNING COORDINATION

planning framework

EXISTING HIERARCHY OF SPATIAL PLANNING IN DURBAN

Long Term Development Framework Integrated Development Plan

Corporate / Multi-sectoral Strategic approach & intentions eThekwini Municipal-wide Strategic / Multisectoral planning guidance for functional regions 10 - 20 year timeframe

Spatial Development Framework Spatial Development

Integrated SpatialPlan Planning System

Development guidance for geographically specific districts or precincts 3 - 10 year timeframe

Local Area Plan Precinct/Special Area Plans

MOBILISING STAKEHOLDERS

PHASE 1

Integrated Development Plan

Public Participation Public Participation

Spatial Development Framework PHASE 2

Spatial Development Plan

COLLECTIVE VISION DEVELOPMENT, ISSUE PRIORITISATION & STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

SPATIAL DIAGNOSIS - involvement of all relevant social actos - building concensus on key issues

ISSUE AND CITY PROFILING

Corporate / Multi-sectoral Strategic approach & intentions eThekwini Municipal-wide

IDENTIFYING ISSUES

ELABORATING ISSUES

Strategic / Multisectoral planning guidance for functional regions COLLECTIVE VISION 10 - 20 year timeframe AND URBAN PACT

BUILDING COLLABORATION AND FORGING A CONCENSUS ON FUTURE VISION

- formal political and stakeholder

commitment Development guidance for geographically - strategy outlines STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENTspecific districts or precincts 3 - 10 year timeframe

Local Area Plan

Precinct/Special Area Plans

Development guidance for geographically specific districts or precincts 3 - 10 year timeframe

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN

PHASE 3

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

Land Use Schemes

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN

Environmental and built form ACTION PLAN guidance for LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING geographic specific areas STRATEGIC PROJECT 1 - 5 year timeframe

Corporate Strategy / Policy - Im plementation Tools

Long Term Development Framework

PREPARATORY AND STAKEHOLDER MOBILISATION

Area-based management districts (ABM) in eThekweni (Durban)

INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

LEGEND iTRUMP ABM

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

SDB ABM

PHASE 4

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

UPSCALING AND REPLICATION

EVALUATION REPORT

INSTITUTIONALISATION

CATO MANOR ABM INK ABM RURAL AND TRADITIONAL AREAS

Land Use Schemes

Environmental and built form guidance for geographic specific areas 1 - 5 year timeframe

PROPOSED PARTICIPATORY PLANNING FRAMEWORK

Long Term Development Framework Integrated Development Plan

Spatial Development Plan

Corporate / Multi-sectoral Strategic approach & intentions eThekwini Municipal-wide Strategic / Multisectoral planning guidance for functional regions 10 - 20 year timeframe

Local Area Plan Precinct/Special Area Plans

Development guidance for geographically specific districts or precincts 3 - 10 year timeframe

Spatial Development Framework

Area-based management districts (ABM) in eThekweni (Durban)

MOBILISING STAKEHOLDERS

SPATIAL DIAGNOSIS

PHASE 1

PREPARATORY AND STAKEHOLDER MOBILISATION

ISSUE AND CITY PROFILING

- involvement of all relevant social actos - building concensus on key issues

IDENTIFYING ISSUES

ELABORATING ISSUES

PHASE 2

Public Participation

COLLECTIVE VISION DEVELOPMENT, ISSUE PRIORITISATION & STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

BUILDING COLLABORATION AND FORGING A CONCENSUS ON FUTURE VISION

COLLECTIVE VISION AND URBAN PACT - formal political and stakeholder commitment - strategy outlines

STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

PHASE 3

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PROJECT

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN ACTION PLAN LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT

INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

LEGEND iTRUMP ABM

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

SDB ABM

PHASE 4

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

UPSCALING AND REPLICATION

EVALUATION REPORT

INSTITUTIONALISATION

CATO MANOR ABM INK ABM RURAL AND TRADITIONAL AREAS

Land Use Schemes

Environmental and built form guidance for geographic specific areas 1 - 5 year timeframe

spatial diagnosis

Primary Destinations (Durban centra Secondary Destinations

MOBILISING STAKEHOLDERS

Tertiary Destinations

SPATIAL DIAGNOSIS

PHASE 1

PREPARATORY AND STAKEHOLDER MOBILISATION

ISSUE AND CITY PROFILING

IDENTIFYING ISSUES

- involvement of all relevant social actos URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS - building concensus on key issues

Warwick Junction

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

METROPOLITAN SCALE

URBAN SCALE

LOCAL SCALE

ELABORATING ISSUES

COLLECTIVE VISION DEVELOPMENT, ISSUE PRIORITISATION & STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

BUILDING COLLABORATION AND FORGING DESTINATIONS AMETROPOLITAN CONCENSUS ON FUTURE VISION & FLOWS Primary Destinations (Durban central city) Secondary Destinations

STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

COLLECTIVE VISION URBAN DESTINATIONS AND URBAN PACT & FLOWSE Order of Priority

PHASE 2

- formal political and stakeholder Wawick Junction commitment Primaryoutlines Destinations (CBD and Beach - strategy

Secondary Destinations

Tertiary Destinations

to Monty Naicker Road

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction Primary Destinations (CBD and Beachfront) NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN

E y

MULTI-SCALAR CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

METROPOLITAN ANALYSIS CONCULSION

Dube Trade Port

Dube Trade Port

Umhlanga

Township mixed node

Catoridge

Inanda

Umhlanga

Bridge City

Business, Commercial and Tourism

Inanda

KwaMashu

Industrial and Logistics

Township mixed node

Catoridge

Industrial and Logistics

Hillcrest

Bridge City

Business, Commercial and Tourism

KwaMashu

Hillcrest Pinetown

Residential and Commercial

Commercial and Industrial

Pinetown

Residential and Commercial

CBD Services, Logistics and Industry

Commercial and Industrial

South Durban Basin

Umlazi

South Durban Basin

Industrial

Umlazi

Residential

Industrial

Residential

Amanzimtoti

Residential

CBD Services, Logistics and Industry

Amanzimtoti

Residential

LEGEND

LEGEND

LEGEND

Residential 10-20 dwellings / HA

Residential 10-20 dwellings / HA

Residential over 20 dwellings / HA

Residential over 20 dwellings / HA

Residential over 20 dwellings / HA

Economic uses

Economic uses

Economic uses

Main Highways

Main Highways

Main Highways

Railway

Railway

Railway

Centralities (size indicates ranking)

Centralities (size indicates ranking)

Centralities (size indicates ranking)

‘Corridor of Poverty’

‘Corridor of Wealth’

‘Corridor of Poverty’

N

Residential 10-20 dwellings / HA

N

N

‘Corridor of Wealth’ Spatial conflict

5km

DMA ‘CORRIDOR OF POVERTY’

10km

20km

5km

DMA ‘CORRIDOR OF WEALTH’

10km

20km

5km

SPATIAL CONFLICT

10km

20km

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

URBAN SCALE

LOCAL SCALE

METROPOLITAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS

Order of Priority

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWSE Wawick Junction

Primary Destinations (Durban central city)

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach

Secondary Destinations

Secondary Destinations

Tertiary Destinations to Monty Naicker Road

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction Primary Destinations (CBD and Beachfront)

E Order of Priority

Secondary Destinations

EDGES DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Order of Priority

METROPOLITAN SCALE

Memorial and Feed Forward Squares to Monty Naicker R Church Marketplace Brooke Street & Artâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and Culture

STAKEHOLDER PROFILE MAPPING

INFORMAL SPATIAL CLUSTERS EXOGENOUS

Hierarchies of space

+ FORMAL SPATIAL CLUSTERS ENDOGENOUS

Urban grid

N 250m

500m

1km

HIERARCHIES OF SPACE WITHIN URBAN STRUCTURE

N 250m

500m

1km

WHAT ARE THE SPATIAL EXPRESSIONS OF THE FORMAL AND INFORMAL ECONOMIES AND CONNECTIONS?

N 250m

500m

FLOWS OF PEOPLE AND MOVEMENT NETWORKS

1km

N 250m

FORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVATORS

500m

1km

N 250m

INFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVATORS

500m

1km

WHAT ARE THE VARIABLES THAT FACILITATE THE FORMAL/INFORMAL CONNECTION? HIERARCHIES OF NETWORKS: FUNCTIONAL CLUSTERS

Social Infrastructure Cultural and Historic elements

INFRASTRUCTURE

Road network and by-passes Public Transport system

TOPOGRAPHY

Green and Blue elements Valleys, hills, rivers and ocean

N 250m

500m

ROAD NETWORK AND BY-PASSES

N

1km

250m

500m

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE CLUSTERS

1km

1km

PUBLIC TRANSPORT - BUS AND RAIL

N 250m

500m

N 250m

500m

CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL ELEMENTS

1km

N 250m

500m

1km

GREEN AND BLUE LANDSCAPE STRUCTURES

STRUCTURING ELEMENTS TOPOGRAPHY - Structuring Elements LEGEND

Umgeni River Mouth

Green landscape elements Former Marsh or ‘Vlei’ Blue Landscape elements Contours @ 30m intervals Ridge Line

Indian Ocean and Beachfront

Harbour and Port

N

500m

1km

2km

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

URBAN SCALE

LOCAL SCALE

METROPOLITAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS

Order of Priority

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWSE Wawick Junction

Primary Destinations (Durban central city)

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach

Secondary Destinations

Secondary Destinations

Tertiary Destinations to Monty Naicker Road

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction Primary Destinations (CBD and Beachfront)

E Order of Priority

Secondary Destinations

EDGES DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Order of Priority

METROPOLITAN SCALE

Memorial and Feed Forward Squares to Monty Naicker R Church Marketplace Brooke Street & Artâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and Culture

WARWICK JUNCTION SPATIAL TRENDS FACTS AND FIGURES 8000 daily traders 6 out of 10 are women 38 000 vehicles pass through/day 130 000 daily taxi departures 140 000 daily departures on train and bus 500 000 people passing through the site/day RENTALS: 2x1m site without shelter has rent €3 with shelter has rent €5

LEGEND LEGEND

Train station Education

Train station Education Medical Institutional

Medical

EARNINGS: monthly earnings of a trader R1000 (€73,5) - R8000 (€590) €900-7000 annually Institutional

Historical and Cultural

Historical and Cultural

Formal bus & taxi ranks

Formal bus & taxi ranks

Informal bus & taxi ranks

Informal bus & taxi ranks

Formal markets

Formal markets

Semi-Formal markets

Semi-Formal markets

CONTRIBUTION TO THE ECONOMY: GDP per capita: R30,392 (€2235) 1 billion (€73.5 million) annual turnover (informal) Green landscape elements

Green landscape elements

Taxi drop-off’s

Taxi drop-off’s

Intensity of flows of people

Intensity of flows of people

Informal street traders

Informal street traders

Informal taxi ranks

Informal taxi ranks

National Roads

National Roads

Primary Roads

Primary Roads

Secondary Roads

Secondary Roads

Tertiary Roads

Tertiary Roads

Harbour and Port waterfront

Harbour and Port waterfront

U

P

Beatrice Street Neighborhood

T/B P T/B

U

H T/B

Grey Street Neighborhood or M Imperial Ghetto

T/B T/B

The Music Bridge Mixed Trading Strip The Early Morning Market Fresh Produce The Bovine Head Market

T/B Warwick Avenue Neighborhood HT/B

English Market

T/B U

west street cemetary

T/B

T/B H Flatland

N

N

P

P

P P

500m

1km

Victoria Market Impepho & Lime Market The Brook Street Market The Traditional Medicine Market

P P

P P

P

M

B

M

M

M

250m

P

P

P

P

Recognition of needs and demands of the FORMAL ACTORS Government:

public safety, access to finance capital and supporting institutional services

Private Sector: Access to services, office space, parking space safety and security

LEGEND Formal Commercial/Retail Education Medical Institutional Historical

LEGEND Formal Commercial/Retail

Informal bus & taxi ranks

Education

Formal markets

Medical Institutional Historical Formal bus & taxi ranks

Intensity of flows of people

Taxi drop-off’s Intensity of flows of people Informal street traders Informal taxi ranks

250m

500m

1km

Victoria Market

Green landscape elements Taxi drop-off’s

Green landscape elements

N

Semi-Formal markets

Formal markets

Semi-Formal markets

English Market

Formal markets

Informal bus & taxi ranks

Formal markets

English Market

Formal bus & taxi ranks

Informal street traders Informal taxi ranks

Recognition of needs and demands of the INFORMAL ACTORS Government: public safety, access to finance capital, better access to licencing and registration offices

Traders:

safety and security, more trading space, storage facilities, ablution facilities, access to services (water, sanitation, waste collection) child-care facilities, medical-care and shelter

Homeless:

safety and security, short & medium term affordable accomodation, better quality of living conditions

LEGEND Formal Commercial/Retail Education Medical

NGO’s:

support organisations, coordination and offices

Institutional Historical

LEGEND

Formal bus & taxi ranks Informal bus & taxi ranks

Formal Commercial/Retail Education Medical Institutional Historical Formal bus & taxi ranks Informal bus & taxi ranks Formal markets Formal markets

The Music Bridge Mixed Trading Strip The Early Morning Market Fresh Produce The Bovine Head Market

Semi-Formal markets Green landscape elements Taxi drop-off’s Intensity of flows of people Informal street traders Informal taxi ranks

English Market

N

250m

500m

1km

Impepho & Lime Market The Brook Street Market The Traditional Medicine/Muthi Market

Formal markets Formal markets Semi-Formal markets Green landscape elements Taxi drop-off’s Intensity of flows of people Informal street traders Informal taxi ranks

Needs: Shelter & Security More space & Storage Facilities

Needs: Access to Water Facilties Concerns: Harassment by police

Needs: Access to Water and Child-care Facilties

Local scale analysis conclusion

Formal bus & taxi ranks Informal bus & taxi ranks LEGEND Formal markets Train station Semi-Formal markets Education Green landscape elements Medical Taxi drop-off’s Institutional Intensity of flows of people Historical and Cultural Informal street traders Formal bustaxi & taxi ranks Informal ranks Informal & taxi ranks Nationalbus Roads Primary Roads Formal markets Secondary Roads Semi-Formal markets Tertiary Roads Green landscape elements Harbour and Port waterfront Taxi drop-off’s

1km

Intensity of flows of people Informal street traders Informal taxi ranks National Roads Primary Roads Secondary Roads Tertiary Roads Harbour and Port waterfront

N N 250m

500m

1km

design

Primary Destinations (Durban centra Secondary Destinations Tertiary Destinations

ELABORATING ISSUES

BUILDING COLLABORATION AND FORGING A CONCENSUS ON FUTURE VISION STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

METROPOLITAN SCALE

PHASE 3

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN URBAN SCALE

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

METROPOLITAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING Primary Destinations STRATEGIC PROJECT(Durban central city) Secondary Destinations

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS - formal political and stakeholder commitment - strategy outlines Warwick Junction

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

LOCAL SCALE

LOCAL PLAN URBANSTRATEGIC DESTINATIONS & FLOWSE LOCAL ACTION PLAN Wawick Junction LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT Order of Priority

COLLECTIVE VISION DEVELOPMENT, ISSUE PRIORITISATION & STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT

COLLECTIVE VISION AND URBAN PACT

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

Tertiary Destinations

INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

to Monty Naicker Road

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction Primary Destinations and Beachfront) MONITORING AND(CBD EVALUATION

E y

PHASE 2

COLLECTIVE VISION

N

250m

500m

1km

Typical Outline of an Urban Pact

URBAN PACT

1. Preamble Participants gathered in the present meeting recommend this Urban Pact for approval by the Municipal Council - Key events which preceded this meeting (e.g., earlier consultations, decisions) 2. Mandates - Recall formal mandates and agreements, going down from international level to local level (e.g.,Agenda 21, Habitat Agenda, nationalpoverty reduction plan, local development plan, local bylaws) 3. Fundamental Principles - Potentials and constraints concerningthe development of the city (spatial, social, economic) - Take note of ongoing initiatives (e.g., investment plans, new policies) - Express a shared vision on the future (e.g., how do we want our city to be in 2015) 4. Commitment Package - Specify the measures agreed upon according to thematic categories; this is the largest part of the Urban Pact (e.g., to undertake a survey; to demonstrate a technology; to revise legislation) - Specify communication mechanisms (e.g., further mini-consultations; awareness campaign; relations technical - political officers) - Propose institutional set-up (e.g., advisory board; working groups) 5. Resources - List partners commitments to contribute resources (e.g.,human,technical,information, financial) - Describe intention to mobilize resources at different levels e.g. rationalize municipal revenues; approach to external support agencies.

6. Monitoring and evaluation Specify timing and modalities for review of agreements (e.g., frequency of review meetings; need to produce new version of Urban Pact: No.2, No. 3) 7. Approval Date and signatures of key partners (on behalf of the consultation group)

â&#x20AC;˘ Negotiated agreement between stakeholders â&#x20AC;˘ Commitments, main goals, priorities and next steps

DESIGN GOAL The main aim of this design is the recogition of diversity and identity of Warwick Junction within the Durban metropolitan area, using a multi-scalar approach in the analysis of space in order to evaluate the conflict of actors towards the inclusion of the weakest groups and to reinforce the spatial identity of the area.

PLANNING FRAMEWORK AND RECOMMENDATIONS

CURRENT CONDITIONS

METROPOLITAN MULTI-SCALAR ANALYSIS

STAKEHOLDER REVIEW

URBAN LOCAL

SPATIAL REVIEW

CRITERIA (variables)

social infrastructure cultural value road network and by-passes public transport green & blue landscape structure

SOLUTION REVIEW SYSTEM RECOGNITION OF THE DIVERSITY AND IDENTITY OF THE AREA OF WARWICK JUNCTION

DESIGN HYPOTHESIS Through reinforcing the three main components of the central nodal point with itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s activation as a diversified system each with itsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; own diverse supporting networks, the unique identity of Warwick Junction can be recognised and reinforced, giving space to the demands of the informal through a hybrid approach with the restructuring of streets and sidewalks by means of an urban programmatic landscape facilitated by an integrated public transport system.

Primary Destinations (Durban centra

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

PHASE 3

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PROJECT

Secondary Destinations Tertiary Destinations

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN LOCAL DESTINATIONS ACTION PLAN& FLOWS URBAN LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT Warwick Junction

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach

URBAN SCALE

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

PHASE 4

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

METROPOLITAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS UPSCALING AND REPLICATION

Primary Destinations (Durban central city) Secondary Destinations

LOCAL SCALE

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWSE Wawick Junction

EVALUATION REPORT Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

Tertiary Destinations

INSTITUTIONALISATION

to Monty Naicker Road

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction Primary Destinations (CBD and Beachfront)

E y

METROPOLITAN SCALE

Secondary Destinations

Order of Priority

INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

GREEN AND BLUE LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE

400

m ra

diu

s

FLOWS AND MOVEMENT NETWORKS

HISTORIC AND CULTURAL ELEMENTS

400m

ius rad

PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM

URBAN STRUCTURE

URBAN STRATEGIC PLAN

Integrated Public Transport system

400m radius

Concept

N

250m

500m

1km

Diversity of flows and movement networks

400m radius

Concept

N

250m

500m

1km

Social Infrastructure

Concept

N

250m

500m

1km

Green and Blue landscape structure

Concept

N

250m

500m

1km

Cultural and Historical elements

N

250m

500m

1km

Road Network and by-passes

N

250m

500m

1km

Perspective impression of street market alongside a pedestrian boulevard within the urban corridor

METROPOLITAN SCALE: PROPOSAL FOR A FUNCTIONALLY INTERRELATED REGION

PROGRAMME (Phase 2):

PROGRAMME (Phase 1): Infrastructural linkages - rail & road - mixed housing - mixed uses - commercial & services

Economic zones - industrial - business parks - service & logistics - small & medium enterprises

N

5km

10km

20km

N

5km

10km

20km

Primary Destinations (Durban centra

FORMULATE STRATEGIC PLAN

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

PHASE 3

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PROJECT

Secondary Destinations Tertiary Destinations

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN LOCAL DESTINATIONS ACTION PLAN& FLOWS URBAN LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT Warwick Junction

Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach

URBAN SCALE

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

PHASE 4

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

METROPOLITAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS UPSCALING AND REPLICATION

Primary Destinations (Durban central city) Secondary Destinations

LOCAL SCALE

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWSE Wawick Junction

EVALUATION REPORT Primary Destinations (CBD and Beach Secondary Destinations

Tertiary Destinations

INSTITUTIONALISATION

to Monty Naicker Road

URBAN DESTINATIONS & FLOWS Warwick Junction Primary Destinations (CBD and Beachfront)

E y

METROPOLITAN SCALE

Secondary Destinations

Order of Priority

INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

Informal markets & storage space

secondary circulation route

Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

Informal markets & storage space

to adjacent areas

350 - 400m

storage space

storage space

+ Primary circulation route

20-25m

Public space

20 0m

=

rad ius

+

350 - 400m

Bus stop

+

+

DISTRIBUTOR SPACE (400m maximum distance)

Informal markets & storage space

Informal markets & storage space

secondary circulation routes

Informal markets & storage space

storage space

Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

Informal markets & storage space

Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

Informal markets & storage space

Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

ius rad Informal taxi and bus ranks Infrastructural anchor point

secondary circulation routes Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

+

0m 20

+

Social Infrastructure cluster

Informal taxi and bus ranks Infrastructural anchor point secondary circulation routes

20-25m

Informal markets & storage space

Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

Informal markets & storage space

Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

secondary circulation rout Social infrastructure Public space Bus stop

Informal markets & storage space

CONCEPT storage space

Informal taxi and bus ranks Infrastructural anchor point

LAYER APPROACH

GRID (organisational device)

THREADS (circulation and linear pathways)

MATS (surfaces and ďŹ elds)

ISLANDS (clusters and groups within a public space network)

POINTS (scattered network of buildings)

PUBLIC SPACE NETWORK

MARKET AREAS TRAINING AND BUSINESS SUPPORT CENTRES CHILD CARE CENTRES WASTE MANAGEMENT CENTRES PUBLIC ABLUTIONS STORAGE AREA BUS & TAXI PARKING ACCOMODATION

LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT PROPOSAL

50 green open space existing buildings train station

railway line

100 bus ranks

250m taxi ranks

dedicated bus lanes

N informal markets

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - CONCEPT DIAGRAMS

RELATIONAL PRINCIPLE

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - THREADS Social infrastructure

Road

Market

Taxi rank 10m

EXISTING SITUATION A-A

20m

50m

LAYER DEFINITION Informal markets & public space

Car parking lot

Food market

EXISTING SITUATION B-B

Pavement

C

Outdoor cafeteria & seating space

Food market

A

Train tracks

Dedicated bus & cycling lanes

Vehicular circulation / service road

PROPOSED NEW CONDITION B-B FLYOVER 50 100

250m

N Prohibited public space

Cemetary

EXISTING SITUATION C-C railway line

Train tracks

C

B

green open space existing buildings train station

50m

Parking

A

20m

Parking

B

10m

Market

Dedicated bus & cycling lanes

PROPOSED NEW CONDITION A-A

Primary pedestrian street

Parking

Pavement

Secondary pedestrian rd.

Dedicated bus & cycling lanes

Social infrastructure & storage

Parking

Social infrastructure

vehicular circulation

primary pedestrian circulation

permeable pedestrian connections

Existing embankment 10m

bus lane circulation

20m

50m

FLYOVER STORAGE

THREADS - circulation

Cemetary Informal market & public space

PROPOSED NEW CONDITION C-C

Pedestrian priority road

Small & medium enterprise units under flyovers

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - CONCEPT DIAGRAMS

RELATIONAL PRINCIPLE

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - POINTS

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ORGANISATIONAL CONCEPT 2

1. The power 2. The people 3. Communal space 4. The wall (defensible space)

3 1

4

Social infrastructure

Taxi rank

10m

EXISTING SITUATION A-A

LAYER DEFINITION

Information kiosk & public ablutions

20m

50m

20m

50m

Social Infrastructure

PROPOSED NEW CONDITION A-A

A B

Social infrastructure

A B

Road

Taxi rank

EXISTING SITUATION B-B

50 100

green open space existing buildings train station

railway line

dedicated bus lanes

250m

social infrastructure cluster public infrastructure cluster

POINTS - social spaces

10m

N

Social infrastructure PROPOSED NEW CONDITION B-B

Public infrastructure & storage

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - CONCEPT DIAGRAMS

RELATIONAL PRINCIPLE

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - MATS

LAYER DEFINITION EXISTING SITUATION A-A

B

B

Informal markets & public space 10m

PROPOSED NEW CONDITION A-A

20m

A

Unused dilapidated space EXISTING SITUATION B-B

bus ranks

taxi ranks

dedicated bus lanes

informal markets

50m

Social Infrastructure PROPOSED NEW CONDITION B-B

Taxi transportation infrastructural hub

Exit road for Taxiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

MATS - cultural spaces

railway line

20m

N

Waiting area & pick-up points

green open space existing buildings train station

250m

10m

Taxi waiting & parking area

50 100

Social Infrastructure

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - CONCEPT DIAGRAMS

RELATIONAL PRINCIPLE

PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY - ISLANDS within a public space network

Taxi & bus rank

Industrial

10m

EXISTING SITUATION A-A

LAYER DEFINITION

20m

50m

FLYOVER

Industrial PROPOSED NEW CONDITION B-B

A

CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS

A

Hot air spreads and cools down slightly

Hot air is cooled down more through the clusters of trees as it falls

Heat radiated from buildings, cars, roads,causes urban heat effect in city

Heavy infrastructures increase the urban heat effect in the area

FLYOVER Cool air is then drawn into the local area and city due to decrease in air pressure

50 100

green open space existing buildings train station

railway line

dedicated bus lanes

rows of trees

250m

clusters of trees

ISLANDS within a public space network - public spaces

N

Industrial SURFACE MATERIALITY permeable pavement membrane top soil ABC gravel layer perforated pipe subgrade compacted soil

concrete in-situ kerb condition asphalt top layer geotextile membrane ABC gravel layer

top soil & grass layer subgrade plant material concrete paving blocks with no.8 aggregate inbetween blocks ABC gravel layer

subgrade compacted soil

subgrade compacted soil

PUBLIC SPACE

MIXED USE

PUBLIC SPACE

TRADERS

INFRASTR.

LIGHT INDUSTRY

CULTURE

COMMERCE

CEMETERY

INFORMAL TRADERS

OFFICE

OPEN

OFFICE

RESIDENCE

OFFICE

OFFICE COMMERCE

CULTURE

CULTURE

EDUCATION

RESIDENCE

INFORMAL MONTY COMMERCE TRADERS NAICKER Rd.

0

CULTURE & LEISURE 0

FLYOVER/DR. A B XUMA St.

MIXED USE

INFORMAL TRADERS

MONTY NAICKER Rd.

INFORMAL TRADERS RESIDENCE

OFFICE

MIXED USE 10m

10m

INFORMAL TRADERS

20m C

COMMERCE PUBLIC SPACE

COMMERCE

PUBLIC SPACE

10m

20m

B

A

20m

INFORMAL TRADERS

INFRASTRUCTURE

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

FLYOVER

PAPER CATHEDRAL & CLOTHING

COMMUNITY SOCIAL CENTER

RAILWAY

INFORMAL TRADERS

STORAGE & CLOTHING

CATHEDRAL

HERITAGE

COMMERCE HERITAGE

50 green open space existing buildings train station

FLYOVER STORAGE PUBLIC & FOOD

PUBLIC SPACE

SME ENTREPRENEUR UNITS

STORAGE

STORAGE & FOOD

SPACE

INFORMAL COMMERCE TRADERS PUBLIC SPACE 0 10m

STORAGE

CEMETERY

JOSEPH SME ENTREPRENEUR NDULI St. UNITS

SME UNITS

SME UNITS

BROOKE STREET CEMETARY

JOSEPH NDULI St.

20m

0

BROOKE STREET CEMETARY

0

10m

10m

20m

20m

SECTION B-B FORMULA

TRAINING CENTER & BUSINESS SUPPORT

1

RESIDENTIAL

HOTEL

CHILDCARE CENTER

MUNICIPAL SERVICES

RESIDENTIALRESIDENTIAL

COMMERCE

RESIDENTIAL

SEMI-FORMAL SOCIAL SEMI-FORMAL MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE MARKET

FRESH PRODUCE MARKET

FRESH PRODUCE MARKET

SECTION C-C

B

BUS DR. PIXLEY LINE KASEME St.

MIXED USE

0

C

A

COMMUNITY CENTER

DENIS HURLEY St.

20m

RESIDENCE

SECTION A-A

DENIS HURLEY St.

CEMETERY

OFFICE

THEATRICAL PLAZA

MADRESSA & AJMERI ARCADES/MIXED USE

INFRASTR.

10m

OFFICE

PUBLIC MIXED USE FLYOVER/DR. A B XUMA St. LEISURE LEISURE SPACE OFFICE

LIGHT INDUSTRY THEATRE Ln. URBAN COMMERCE PUBLIC SPACE/

GARDENS

0

COMMERCE OFFICE

CULTURE

OPEN

MADRESSA & AJMERI ARCADES/MIXED USE

TRADERS

NDULI St.

OFFICE

PUBLIC SPACE

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

BUS & CYCLE PUBLIC SPACE BUS & CYCLE LANES

PUBLIC SPACE

LANES

NEW MARKET INFORMAL MARKET & PUBLIC SPACE 0

INFORMAL MARKETS & PUBLIC SPACE

INFORMAL MARKETS & PUBLIC SPACE

OFFICE

MIXED USE

OFFICE COMMERCIAL

20m COMMERCIAL

10m

BUS & CYCLE

BUS & CYCLE LANES PUBLIC SPACE LANES 0

PUBLIC SPACE MIXED-USE BUILDING 0 10m

MIXED-USE BUILDING 10m

20m

20m

railway line

100 bus ranks

250m taxi ranks

dedicated bus lanes

N informal markets

CURRENT SITUATION

implementation

PLANNING INSTRUMENT

TYPE

STAKEHOLDERS

PROGRAM

URBAN PRINCIPLES

BUS AND TAXI RANK PARKING AND PICK-UP

emergency vehicle accessibility

STEP 1 INHABITANTS / TRADERS / ENTREPRENEURS

INFRASTRUCTURE ANCHOR POINTS WITH PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION

Pedestrian priority

Dedicated bus & bicycle lanes

Bus and Taxi washing facilities

ACCESSIBILITY - Ensure accessibility to public space by providing a pedestrian connection, bus, taxi and bicycle connections

Basic infrastructure provision

MUNICIPALITY 50m

car parking

bus ranks

100m

250m

pedestrian spine

dedicated bus lanes

taxi ranks

N

HEALTHCARE ONE-STOP CENTRES

WORKSHOP & TRAINING CENTRES

LOCAL COMMITEE

EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

STEP 2

IDENTITY - Recognise the local identity, creating flexible public spaces to allow the incorporation of new identities

small business support centres ONE-STOP MUNICIPAL PAY POINTS

NGO’s

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE CLUSTERS

TEMPORARY LAND-USES

TEMPORAL / FLEXIBLE CHARACTER

PUBLIC ABLUTIONS

eTHEKWENI TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (ETA)

PASSENGER RAIL ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH AFRICA (PRASA)

50m

100m

250m

N

SCALE FOOD PROCESSING

FOOD COMPLEX

WORKSHOP

STEP 3

DURBAN MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT

TRADING STALLS

INFORMAL MARKET SPACES

clothing

beads

50m

TRADING STALL SHELTER

shoe repairs

100m

250m

bus ranks

taxi ranks

dedicated bus lanes

fresh produce

SIMILARITY +

250m N informal markets

mealies

PROCESSING WORKSHOP

LOCAL COOPERATIVE

STEP 4

INDIVIDUAL OWNER

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE

WHOLESALE

SCRAP RECYCLING & PROCESSING + STORAGE

- Enable the recognition of similar or identical elements among other, repetition of forms create legibility

CHILDCARE FACILITY (day)

SOCIAL HOUSING homeless, women & children priority

creche

EDUCATIONAL FACILITY (day &night)

playground

WORKSHOPS & TRAINING CENTRE

library & learning

STORAGE SPACE (traders)

HERITAGE COUNCIL OF DURBAN

DURBAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (DUT) UNIVERSITY OF KWA-ZULU NATAL

STABLE / FIXED CHARACTER

railway line

music

N

+ green open space existing buildings train station

- Design differing types of public spaces that respond to the different scales of metropolitan, urban and local demands

TYPES OF INFORMAL TRADING ACTIVITIES

MINIBUS/TAXI ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH AFRICA 50 100

FRESH FOOD

+

50m 50m

100m

250m

N

50m

100m

250m

SCENARIO 1

100m

250m

In order to implement this phase, the planning tool of Development of Transfer Rights (DTR) can be used in order to attract investment. This thesis just mentions it as a possibility, however, it needs a more detailed analysis of cost and financing which is outside the scope of this thesis.

N

N

SCENARIO 2

URBAN FLOWS - Create more public spaces related to the local urban flows, densities and functions

LIGHTING, SEATING, PLANTING

STEP 5 GREEN STRUCTURE CLUSTERS AND NETWORKS

SAFE PLAYGROUNDS

SPACE ACTIVATOR PEDESTRIAN PRIORITY

50m

100m

250m

N

50m

100m

250m

N 50m

SCENARIO 1

SCENARIO 2

100m

250m

N

- Design in such a way that it can activate the surrounding areas and create new opportunites for development

PROCESS OF ACTIVATION

MONITORING & EVALUATION

3. IMPLEMENTATION

1. ESTABLISHMENT OF A MUNICIPALITY

WORKGROUP COMMITEE

+

LOCAL COMMITEE

WORKGROUP COMMITEE

WORKGROUP COMMITEE

inhabitants

inhabitants

+ professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

Map priority areas, ownership & urgent demands in space

Agreement and formation of a non-profit “corporation” between: Municipality, Workgroup commitee, Local commitee, NGO’s & Inhabitants

professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

community members inhabitants

Map local needs and demands in space

+ - new programme - possible locations - spatial transformations if needed

LOCAL COMMITEE

+ community members inhabitants

SPATIAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT

+

. Local Commitee acquires land from the Municipality

. Collective community management .

inhabitants

professionals municipal representatives NGO’s

+ LOCAL COMMITEE

Commitee or NGO manages the

. distribution monitors the process

Implement accountability structures community members inhabitants

eTHEKWENI TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (ETA)

+

MUNICIPALITY & LOCAL GOVERNMENT . responsible for public interventions or social / public infrastructure . funding and financing implementation

MINIBUS/TAXI ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH AFRICA

4. MAINTENANCE & UTILITIES COSTS

INHABITANTS

licence agreement (short/medium term) Agree on the vision, new program, the possible tranformation principles and define a set of actions defines rights & responsibilities defines period of occupancy

community members inhabitants

NGO

or / with

MUNICIPALITY

SPATIAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT

+

2. NEGOTIATION WITH

MUNICIPALITY

+

or / with

LOCAL COMMITEE

ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT

PHASE 3

STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

NEGOTIATE AND AGREE ON ACTION PLANS

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PROJECT

LOCAL STRATEGIC PLAN LOCAL ACTION PLAN LOCAL STRATEGIC PROJECT

INTEGRATING PROJECTS AND PLANS INTO STRATEGIC APPROACHES

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

PHASE 4

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND CONSOLIDATION

UPSCALING AND REPLICATION

INSTITUTIONALISATION

EVALUATION REPORT

OUTPUT: An urban regeneration plan based as a local strategic plan, where the key aspects can be extracted and tested in other conditions, not just within Durban, but also within the wider context of South Africa

physical separation = social segregation integration = social symbiosis “Urban design is a powerful tool. It plays a key role in the formulation and realization of strategic urban projects. It is a crowbar for innovation and a gate to unexpected solutions. It has the capacity to serve as a medium for negotiation and consequently leads to strong, stimulating and simultaneously open-ended plans, leaving margins for evolution and adaptation; contradictions can transcend into productive paradoxes.” (‘Urban Trialogues’, p.196)

Role of the Urban Planner - negotiator - facilitator - mediator - enabler

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

questions??