Kampung Value Pre-fieldwork Anna Rowe James Connor Tahj Rosmarin
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Kampung Value Pre-fieldwork
Kampung Value Pre-fieldwork
Edited and written by: Tahj Rosmarin James Connor Anna Rowe Indonesia Travelling Studio 2015 Sidh Sintusingha and Amanda Achmadi In colloboration with Institut of Teknologi Bandung & Melbourne School of Design Regular Spread Publishers Š 2015
Table of Contents
Initial Understandings
1 Introduction 2 Overview of Project 3 History of Bandung 4 Context 5 Kampung Value
Planning Context
6 7 8
Anna Essay Land Acquisition Planning Planning Consultation
Site Analysis
9 Cikapundung Context 10 Site Analysis 11 Maps 12 Interviews
Pilot Project
13 14
Phased Masterplan Architectural Typologies
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Contributors Anna Rowe Urban Planning
B.Arch, M.Plan Tahj Rosmarin is a graduate of the Bachelor of Architectural Design from the University of Queensland and a current student of the Master of Architecture at the University of Melbourne. Since graduating in 2012, Tahj has gained experience working on a varied collection of design proposals; ranging from small- scale residential projects, to large scale urban design work. Through these experiences Tahj has gained skills and abilities ranging from presentation to working drawings.
James Connor Architecture
B.Arch, M.Arch Tahj Rosmarin is a graduate of the Bachelor of Architectural Design from the University of Queensland and a current student of the Master of Architecture at the University of Melbourne. Since graduating in 2012, Tahj has gained experience working on a varied collection of design proposals; ranging from small- scale residential projects, to large scale urban design work. Through these experiences Tahj has gained skills and abilities ranging from presentation to working drawings.
Tahj Rosmarin Architecture
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B.Arch, M.Arch Tahj Rosmarin is a graduate of the Bachelor of Architectural Design from the University of Queensland and a current student of the Master of Architecture at the University of Melbourne. Since graduating in 2012, Tahj has gained experience working on a varied collection of design proposals; ranging from small- scale residential projects, to large scale urban design work. Through these experiences Tahj has gained skills and abilities ranging from presentation to working drawings.
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Introduction
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Pre-Fieldwork September 2015
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Preface
The Value of Kampung: A Bandung Case Study The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates. In its purest essence, architecture is about crafting relationships. It is about encounter.True architecture lies within the creation of space whereby diverse and unpredictable encounters can occur. The painting La Tempesta (1506-08) by Italian Renaissance painter Giorgione marks a turning point in the visual depiction of Western landscape and the built environment. In this work, landscape is not depicted merely as a backdrop, but rather, as an essential setting to the meeting of two characters of vastly different backgrounds. On the right, a mother can be seen nurturing her child while on the left a soldier can be seen gazing into the distance We need an architecture of encounters.
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Introduction
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iii)
Introduction
The Value of Kampung: A Bandung Case Study The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates. In its purest essence, architecture is about crafting relationships. It is about encounter.True architecture lies within the creation of space whereby diverse and unpredictable encounters can occur. The painting La Tempesta (1506-08) by Italian Renaissance painter Giorgione marks a turning point in the visual depiction of Western landscape and the built environment. In this work, landscape is not depicted merely as a backdrop, but rather, as an essential setting to the meeting of two characters of vastly different backgrounds. On the right, a mother can be seen nurturing her child while on the left a soldier can be seen gazing into the distance We need an architecture of encounters.
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Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
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Introduction
The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates. In its purest essence, architecture is about crafting relationships. It is about encounter.True architecture lies within the creation of space whereby diverse and unpredictable encounters can occur. The painting La Tempesta (1506-08) by Italian Renaissance painter Giorgione marks a turning point in the visual depiction of Western landscape and the built environment. In this work, landscape is not depicted merely as a backdrop, but rather, as an essential setting to the meeting of two characters of vastly different backgrounds. On the right, a mother can be seen nurturing her child while on the left a soldier can be seen gazing into the distance We need an architecture of encounters. The painting La Tempesta (1506-08) by Italian Renaissance painter Giorgione marks a turning point in the visual depiction of Western landscape and the built environment. In this work, landscape is not depicted merely as a backdrop, but rather, as an essential setting to the meeting of two characters of vastly different backgrounds. On the right, a mother can be seen nurturing her child while on the left a soldier can be seen gazing into the distance We need an architecture of encounters.
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Urban Informality Research
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What is urban informality?
Urban Informality. Our Definition. The city of Caracas is situated in a valley, and its informal settlements ring the steep mountain slopes surrounding the central city. La Vega is one of the largest, with a population of 95,000 living within 400 hectares (1.5 sq. miles). Working with the San Rafael-Barrio Unido community and assessed the settlement’s conditions. Proyectos Arqui5, concluded that the vertical typography was limiting accessibility, services, and public spaces. Based on community-established priorities, the team devised the Integral Urban Project to help solve the main challenges. • A new road system was designed which allowed better access to public transportation and circulation. • A network of stairs which incorporated basic services such as electricity, drainage, sewer, gas, and water were designed. • Every spare space was integrated into walkways.
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
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How can architecture assist with urban informality?
Integral Urban Project Marines Pocaterra Architects The city of Caracas is situated in a valley, and its informal settlements ring the steep mountain slopes surrounding the central city. La Vega is one of the largest, with a population of 95,000 living within 400 hectares (1.5 sq. miles). Working with the San Rafael-Barrio Unido community and assessed the settlement’s conditions. Proyectos Arqui5, concluded that the vertical typograph
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
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Precedent 1
Integral Urban Project Marines Pocaterra Architects The city of Caracas is situated in a valley, and its informal settlements ring the steep mountain slopes surrounding the central city. La Vega is one of the largest, with a population of 95,000 living within 400 hectares (1.5 sq. miles). Working with the San Rafael-Barrio Unido community and assessed the settlement’s conditions. Proyectos Arqui5, concluded that the vertical typography was limiting accessibility, services, and public spaces. Based on community-established priorities, the team devised the Integral Urban Project to help solve the main challenges. • A new road system was designed which allowed better access to public transportation and circulation. • A network of stairs which incorporated basic services such as electricity, drainage, sewer, gas, and water were designed. • Every spare space was integrated into walkways. • Public landings inserted at intervals acted as new spaces for social interaction. • Families were able to remain in their homes, which was critical to maintaining social cohesion.
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Introduction
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Precedent 2
Quint Monroy Housing Elemental Architecture The Brief: To settle 100 families of the Quinta Monroy, in the same 5,000 sqm site that they have illegally occupied for the last 30 years. The site is located in the very center of Iquique, a city in the Chilean desert. “We had to work within the framework of the current Housing Policy, using a US$ 7,500 subsidy with which we had to pay for the land, the infrastructure and the architecture.” The Housing Project: • Achieved enough density without overcrowding • Works within the framework of the current Housing Policy • Locates families within the city centre and not on the periphery • Provides an affordable housing framework that allows families to extend and self-build their properties.
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Introduction
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Precedent 3
Cape Town Township Safe Nodes, VPUU The VPUU project, in the Khayelitsha township Cape Town, uses social engagement and town planning as tools in fighting crime. A series of “active boxes” — spaza shops doubling as safe houses and community patrol bases — are planned along the main pedestrian routes to and from stations and taxi ranks. They will be open 24 hours a day to allow unquestioned access by anyone who feels threatened. The development is human-scale. “We also clearly defined the hierarchy of spaces, what was public, private, and semi-private.” The Project: • improves the living conditions for residents • creates safer environments for the local people through lighting and paving • Safe Nodes are created and ‘towers’ were built that can be seen from afar. [source:http://www.citylab.com/design/2011/10/findingand-building-public-space-brazil-favelas/296/]
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Introduction
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Bandung Historical Research
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History
The Value of Kampung: A Bandung Case Study The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates. In its purest essence, architecture is about crafting relationships. It is about encounter.True architecture lies within the creation of space whereby diverse and unpredictable encounters can occur. The painting La Tempesta (1506-08) by Italian Renaissance painter Giorgione marks a turning point in the visual depiction of Western landscape and the built environment. In this work, landscape is not depicted merely as a backdrop, but rather, as an essential setting to the meeting of two characters of vastly different backgrounds. On the right, a mother can be seen nurturing her child while on the left a soldier can be seen gazing into the distance We need an architecture of encounters.
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Introduction
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
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Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
“
The result for Indonesian architecture was that prestigous buildings such as office blocks, ministries and banks were built in an ‘official’ modern architecture. The style was modern, but the structural methods used made allowance for the climate, while local ornamental motifs, in the form of wood carvings, appeared only sporadically.
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
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Introduction
Figure 1: Kampung Cikapundung Source: Tahj Rosmarin
In informal architecture such as schools and hospitals, a style was applied that drew much more inspiration from local architectural traditions. For housing, the same architects also built in a modern idiom, but incorporated many more local features into the structure. The less formal the function, the more ‘Indonesian’ the architecture became.
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(Martien De Vletter, ‘Tradition and Modernity in the Netherlands East Indies’)
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Timeline
pre-colonial i)
1800s
1600-1700s i)
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TRADITIONAL JAVANESE DWELLING
JAVANESE AND NEO-EUROPEAN HYBRID 16th & 17th Centuries.
NEW-INDIES STYLE 18th Century
- Post, beam and lintel structural system - Non-loadbearing wooden or bamboo walls - Timber, bamboo, thatch and fibre - make up rumah adat. - Many different adaptations depending on the region.
- Post, beam and lintel structural system - Non-loadbearing wooden or bamboo walls - Mixture of European and Asaian building technologies and styles.
- Incorporated Indonesian architectural elements and attempt adapting to the climate. - The longitudinal organisation of spaces and use of joglo and limasan roof structures, was Javanese - Incorporated European decorative elements such as neoclassical columns around deep verandahs
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Introduction
1900s 1950s i)
1980s-now
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INDONESIAN ART DECO STYLE Late 19th Century
JENGKI STYLE 1950’s
CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE 1980’s 1990’s 2000’s
- Essentially European buildings with Indonesian trim. - Included overhanging eaves, larger windows and ventilation in the walls much like indo-euro style. - Bandung is one of the largest remaining collections of 1920s Art-Deco buildings in the world
- Distinctive Indonesian architectural style that emerged - Dutch colonial buildings ransformed into more complicated volumes, such as pentagons or other irregular solids. Indonesia’s Post-war Modernist architectural style
- Large construction booms brought major changes to Indonesian cities, including the replacement of the early twentieth styles with late modern and postmodern styles
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Jalan Dago Research
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Jalan Dago
The Value of Kampung: A Bandung Case Study The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates. In its purest essence, architecture is about crafting relationships. It is about encounter.True architecture lies within the creation of space whereby diverse and unpredictable encounters can occur. The painting La Tempesta (1506-08) by Italian Renaissance painter Giorgione marks a turning point in the visual depiction of Western landscape and the built environment. In this work, landscape is not depicted merely as a backdrop, but rather, as an essential setting to the meeting of two characters of vastly different backgrounds. On the right, a mother can be seen nurturing her child while on the left a soldier can be seen gazing into the distance We need an architecture of encounters.
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Introduction
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INFORMAL
FORMAL
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Jalan Dago Urban Fabrics
The Value of Kampung: A Bandung Case Study The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture.
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Formal Urban Fabric
The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and selfreferential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates.
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Introduction
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Semi-formal Urban Fabric
The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and selfreferential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates.
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Introduction
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Site One Figure Eight: Walkable radius’ located at each key intersection
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9. Site One: Jalan Ir. H. Djuanda and Jalan Layang Pasupati Analysis and Proposal
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Introduction
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Site Two
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Analysis and Proposal
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Introduction
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Site Three Figure Eight: Walkable radius’ located at each key intersection
The Value of Kampung: A Bandung Case Study The manifesto of the past- with its egotistical inflexibility and self-referential nature, is no longer a relevant tool in dictating the future directions of architecture. Architecture can no longer rely upon a singular, proud idea, but rather must graciously accept the unexplainable relations of our world with welcoming arms. Architecture cannot be viewed as a static act that only adheres to the rules itself creates. In its purest essence, architecture is about crafting relationships. It is about encounter.True architecture the creation of space whereby 9. Site Three: Jalan Ir.lies H.within Djuanda and Jalan Dago Pajokdiverse and unpredictable encounters can occur.
Analysis and Proposal
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