Extended Stay Hotel by Taijsha

EXTENDED STAY

HOTEL TAIJSHA BAILE Y Capstone Research and Programming Fall 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE

pg 4-9

SECTION TWO

pg 10-14

SECTION THREE

pg 15-52

SECTION FOUR

pg 53-58

SECTION FIVE

pg 59-65

SECTION SIX

pg 66-73

SECTION SEVEN

pg 74-80

SECTION EIGHT

pg 81-87

SECTION NINE

pg 88-89

BIBLIOGRAPY & APPENDIX

pg 90-104

SECTION ONE INTRODUCTION

“You can absorb much of a city, learn a lot about it and feel part of it, merely by sitting silently inside one of its hotel rooms.”1 People travel for countless reasons, but one specific type of traveler has needs that cannot be completely satisfied by an average hotel or hostel. That is the business traveler. Since the comeback from the recession traveling for business is becoming increasingly popular.2 Because of this popularity, the need for extended-stay hotels is on the rise. “Occupancy rates at extended-stay hotels have increased to 76 percent in 2014 form 64 percent in 2009.”3 These types of hotels are becoming attractive to business travelers not only for their affordability but because they offer amenities that are useful for them.4 With the predicted amount of business trips being made in America in 2016 at 480.5 million and 488.8 million by 2020 the location of extend-stay hotels is crucial.5 One major US city that could benefit from these types of hotels is Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Philadelphia is the fourth most domestically visited city for business.6 It is home to an international airport that generates roughly 1,200 flights a day.7 With less than ten extended-stay hotels in the area, this project is essential to meet the rising needs for them.

pg. 4

Business travelers have needs that leisure travelers do not require when it comes to lodging. For this project to be successful certain design elements need to be implemented. The general goal of this project is to create an extended-stay hotel that is comfortable for the users by providing amenities in the space that will make the users feel at ease. In order to achieve this, extensive research will be done to fully understand what this facility needs to accommodate the users. Gathering statistical information is imperative. Certain periodicals such as Business Insights: Global and the New York Times offers valuable statistical data as well as information on what people are looking for in this type of lodging. Gaining information from reputable sources is also required. The use of educational sites will be essential to identify what people around the world and US are saying about these types of hotels. Additional key resources that will be of use are studying existing hotels of this type and collecting personal statements from people using these types of hotels now. Surveying workers and guests on their current experiences at extended-stay hotels is crucial to get a sense of what is going well and what can be done to improve them for the future. The insights of advisors that work in the hospitality field both designers and people that work in the field is needed to gain information how the building will best suit guests. To further insure that this project is well executed it is vital to understand the role of the designer and the clients they are designing for.

pg. 5

This extended-stay is being commissioned because of the need for them in the Philadelphia area. Amtrak and Marriot hotels have partnered together to make this project come to light. Their mission is to provide a space that will be available to people staying for long periods of time in Philadelphia. Their reason for commissioning this project is simple. They want people to use and spend money at their facilities as they know the city is a hot spot for business travelers. Amtrak has a station in Philadelphia that generates large amounts of travelers every day. They want people that are traveling on their trains to also stay at their hotel. Marriot is a reliable chain that people are familiar with. While Marriot does have some hotels in the Philadelphia area, but they would like to expand and have hotels that accommodate the long stay traveler. The goals of the client will impact the overall design in a positive way. Because they are willing to spend the money to represent their brands, the project will be produced with little to no financial restrictions. This will allow the designer to successfully plan a space that implements rich materials and quality furniture. The designer needs to have an understanding of universal design, but also know what the users will need when planning out the space. The designerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sole purpose first is insuring the health, safety, and well-being of the users. Next to safety the comfort of the user is vital in designing this project, and so is making sure that this facility is satisfactory to the client. Since the clients are the ones commissioning it, this project will need to complete their vison as well. Along with that, it is important to have a good understating of the type of environment that the facility is in and how to properly design something that is built to last. pg. 6

After researching what the needs entail it will be important to include these spaces in the design in a functional way that is easy to use. Because this in an environment that is meant for living with the added need for workspace, these types of spaces need to be differentiated within the facility. The living spaces need to provide all the amenities that are required to properly live in. The hotel itself needs to have spaces that can support requirements for work and meetings for the guest. It is key to comprehend the environment in which this hotel will be located. The city of Philadelphia can be very accessible with various transportation options. It is wise to have the hotel located in an area that encourages the use of the public transportation system as it will make it easier for the users to get around. Philadelphia is a major city so pollution is something that does heavily impact this environment. Because of this, it is important to address the indoor air quality of the hotel. The designer will need to make sure that the space is lacking in volatile materials and has a good HVAC system. The client and the user dictate the space in two different ways and the designer must be able to achieve what the client wants but what the user needs.

pg. 7

The users of this extended-stay hotel are guests and the staff. The extended-stay hotel is aimed at the business traveler so they will make up the main percentage of the guests staying there. The staff will be mostly comprised of Philadelphia natives as they will be knowledgeable about the city and can better aid guests. Since the guests are staying for business, it is essential that certain spaces are included to support their travel. They need not only a space where they can dwell, but a space that allows them to work. The inclusion of business centers, conference rooms, small work spaces, and designated space to work in the rooms is all something that this type of hotel will need to accommodate the user. The staff also needs the building to function well for them. They need designated space to do administrative work along with places that are hidden from the guest that they can use for storage and utility. The building will need to include offices, ample storage space, maintenance facilities, locker rooms, and beak rooms for this space to work for the staff. The needs of these two separate users will dictate how the building is divided up. There will need to be private spaces, public spaces, and semi-private spaces.

pg. 8

While extended-stay hotels are known for being highly more affordable, the socio-economic statuses of the guests are in the middle to upper class pay range. The typical business traveler has an “income well above the population average”8 Because the user group will be in a higher paid grade, the project has to reflect quality in materials and furniture selections. The design direction of the project will be polished and clean with little budgetary restrictions. The general age group for the typical business traveler is between 30-49 years old.9 There are business travelers above and below that age range but the percentage is quite low. The design for the building will work best if it implements universal design as that is accommodating to a range of needs. Traveling for business can bring a sense of stress to the traveler. Because of this, the space needs to support a stress free environment.

Overall this project will be prosperous in the Philadelphia area when taking the proper steps to bring a better quality of life to the users. When putting this project into production it is essential to keep the business traveler in mind. For them “an extended stay hotel ‘simplifies business travel, gets rid of the distractions and lets you get a good night’s sleep.’”10

pg. 9

SECTION TWO HISTORIOGRAPHY: HOTELS AND AMENITIES

THE START OF HOTELS “The history of hotels is intimately connected to that of civilizations.”1 The idea of hotel lodging is seen since early biblical times, and during the middle ages the concept became prevalent thanks to the early civilizations of the Romans and Greeks.2 Because of the Romans frequent road travel they started to set up inns.3 Inns in England are considered to be the first type of hotel. 4 Traveling on the road “made inns essential for refreshment for the Romans.5 Even though inns were being established, they still were not seen as a place for steady accommodations. The first places to provide accommodations on a regular basis for travelers were Monasteries and Abbeys.6 They consistently had lodging available along with some guest accommodations. Inns and Monasteries laid the foundation for what is now known as Hotels, and marked the start of the hotel industry. The industry became official when countries started requiring laws for these facilities to stay in place. “In France, at the beginning of the fifteenth century, the law required that hotels keep a register” and other countries soon followed suit. 7 With hotels becoming registered and more common they started to appear across the world.

pg. 11

HOTELS AROUND THE WORLD Due to the Industrial revolution in the nineteenth century, hotels started appearing everywhere.8 This was mainly seen in Europe, England, and America.9 In the 1760’s new construction for hotels started to happen in major cities such as New York and London.10 During this time, there were a series of milestones for hotels and amenities. What would be considered a given amenity today was not the case back then. “The Tremont House in Boston was the first deluxe hotel in a city centre.”11 This facility had not only indoor toilets and doors with locks, but it served food with an a la carte menu.12 These were things that guests had never experienced before while traveling and lodging.13 pg. 12

“The Holt Hotel in New York City was the first to provide its guests with a lift for their luggage.”14 This opened up a new realm for the hotel industry with the idea that guest do not have to carry their bags up to their rooms. The first hotel that provided private bathrooms was the New York Hotel in NYC.15 Later, “The Victoria Hotel in Kansas City offered bathrooms with every room.”16 While inclusion of restrooms in hotels was groundbreaking, The Netherland Hotel in NYC provided a major amenity that would be considered an indulgence back then. This hotel became the first of its kind to have a telephone in every single room for guest.17 These added amenities led to a more competitive atmosphere within the hotel industry.

PRESTIGE IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY

“The early years of the twentieth century were rich in new hotels [sic] which rapidly became prestigious.”18 With hotels blooming and no sign of them going anywhere, they started to become grander. The Ritz hotel started in Madrid in 1910 because King Alphonse XIII wanted the capital to have a luxurious hotel.19 Because of this, the Ritz became the standard for extravagance and they started to appear all over the world. The Ritz in Barcelona boasted bathrooms with not only hot water but cold water as well.20 Along with the Ritz came an abundance of other prominent hotels such as: the Plaza in New York, the Savoy in London, and the Taj Mahal in Bombay.21 Again, this led to competition in the industry and multiple types of hotels started to appear. This idea of concept hotels became prevalent in the twentieth century and hotels were more than just a place to stay.22 New construction of hotels started to take place and cities were not the only place that hotels could strive.23 Unique types of resort hotels started to appear across the world such as: Ski resorts, casino hotels, beach hotels, and resort hotels aimed a tourist.24 “1970 saw the beginning of the construction of hotels for business people.”25

5 5

pg. 13

AMENITIES FOR THE BUSINESS TRAVELER In the nineties technology started to make a vast impact on the needs of travelers.26 The advancement of technology throughout the nineties and onwards did have an effect on what the business traveler needed specifically. “As the needs of business travelers become increasingly more technological, hotels are fighting to remain competitive by offering a gaggle [sic] of new services…”27 Hotels geared towards the business traveler like extend-stay hotels, need to offer necessities to stay competitive.28 “As a result of competition, what use to be considered luxuries in many cases are becoming expectations.”29 There is a need for the business traveler to have relaxation and productivity; which can be done in the presence of proper amenities.30 These hotels are accommodating to this type of traveler by providing things such as: high-speed and wireless internet, business centers, meeting rooms, inroom phone lines, and in-room workspace.31 These amenities speak to the work side for the traveler.32 They “allow them to be as productive on the road as they are in the office.”33 As these types of services are more common in the realm of business travel, hoteliers are becoming more creative in the types of services they provide to give them an edge that makes the traveler want to stay. This includes: dry-cleaning, 24-hr concierges, planned excursions, free morning newspapers, fine restaurants, and fitness centers.34 These types of services for the business traveler are accommodating to the relaxation side of the stay. Amenities will always be a key factor for business travelers as “most business travelers just want to get in, do their business and get out.”35 pg. 14

SECTION THREE CASE STUDIES

SECTION 3.1 THE WINDSOR SUITES

OVERVIEW The Windsor Suites is located at 1700 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia PA. It is 300,098 square feet with 25 floors. The building was completed in 1964 and was designed by Aaron Colish. The interior renovation was completed in 2015 by Dawson Design Associates. Based on observations the building justifies a high construction budget. This is due to location and materiality. The Windsor Suites is an apartment building that has been converted into an extended stay hotel. It is relevant to the proposed project as it is the same building type. The building is privately owned by Ed Brown and Lee Kean. The users are the workers, people that go there for meetings, and the people that stay for lodging. The visitors can be described as young business people. Because of this, the environment is corporate. Benjamin Franklin Parkway is in the heart of Center City Philadelphia; which is an urban environment. Because this area of Philadelphia is considered a business area, the economic conditions are high1. This area of Philadelphia is home to many skyscrapers and tall buildings. While the area is mostly skyscrapers, the building does not reflect its surroundings as it was built before the area developed into what it is today.

pg. 17

DESIGN CONCEPT AND STYLE Considered a historical building, the exterior is a reflection of the time period it was built in. The building was completed in the mid1960’s, and showcases mid-century modern architecture. Primarily made of reinforced concrete, the exterior of the building is a mass with minimal usage of other types of materials. It has some glass and a touch of metal. The interior of the building speaks more to current modern design styles and it is distinct from the exterior. The design concept of the building is “Spirit of Discovery” which is a nod to Science and Benjamin Franklin. The building consists of 25 floors and a mezzanine level. It is organized by having public spaces on the main level and the mezzanine. Beyond the mezzanine the floors consist of the rooms and some ancillary spaces like laundry rooms and storage. The lower level of the building only has the fitness center for guest and the remaning space is designated private areas for the employees.

pg. 18

The wayfinding of the building is a bit difficult due to its shape. The shape is similar to half of a pie. In the center most of the vertical circulation takes place mainly through elevators and a central stair. Along the curve of the building, horizontal circulation happens this consists of hallways. To help users with wayfinding there is a fire escape plan on every floor that shows where the user is located in reference to the plan. The HVAC system is successful for the needs of the user as each room has its own temperature controls that can be adjusted by the occupants. The building has no apparent sustainable features.

pg. 19

Because of the buildings shape and location, the use of natural light can only be seen in the private rooms as every room must have a window. This leaves the public and circulation spaces reliant on artificial lighting. The use of artificial lighting is achieved in various ways throughout these spaces. This includes: recessed lighting, pendant lights, strip lighting, lights hidden within reveals, and occasional floor lamps. Although there is a multitude of artificial lighting types used, the space does not appear too bright. The lighting is more ambient. The interior design of the building is seen in the details. Art pieces and decorative elements aid in the overall design. These elements relate to the design concept of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Science and Discoveryâ&#x20AC;? with patterns and art work that emulate DNA and Periodic Elements. The space is also adorned with various gestures to Ben Franklin with usage of his iconic glasses, and quotes of his written on walls and doors.

INTERIOR DESIGN The interior materials and finishes are mainly a mixture of hard and shiny with some occasional translucent pieces. There is no apparent softness to any of the materials or finishes used other than the carpet. The assortment of materials and finishes successfully blend together making the space have many areas of interest. There are no significant sustainable qualities to the materials used. Each space is outfitted with the appropriate types of furniture, fixtures and equipment for the users. Lounge areas and small break out spaces have seating groups that are created by lounge furniture, chairs and tables with the inclusion of dim overhead lighting or a floor lamp. Spaces designated for work areas have seating, work surfaces, and some desktop computers. The rooms themselves are arranged in a way where the common areas are located closest to the entrance of the room, and the sleeping areas are located in the back area of the room. Depending on room size some of these rooms are more distinctly separated by walls. The overall color palette of the interior can be best described as rich deep tones, darker neutrals like grays and pops of color. The addition of color is seen mostly in patterns; these colors include reds and some greens. The color palettes of the private rooms are strictly neutral with beige grey and white with hints of color seen in art work. The color palette pairs well with the materials and finishes, but does darken the interior.

pg. 20

POST OCCUPANCY SURVEY From the staff surveys, they are all in agreement that some of the best features of the building include its location in Center City, and its welcoming feel it gives off upon entrance. According to Dorothy Furey a manager at Windsor Suites she believes one of the best things about the space is that every room has a kitchen. Staff agreed that there is a need for more storage. Toya a concierge at Windsor Suites said she wishes there were more private storage areas away from the public spaces. Furey stated that she wished every room could be equipped with its own washer and dryer to feel more like home.

pg. 21

SPACES, ROOMS, AND ADJACENCIES The Windsor Suites is comprised of lounges, conference areas, staff spaces, private rooms, and other guest amenities. Spaces that need the most visual privacy are: private rooms, conference areas, and staff spaces. These spaces need the most visual and acoustical privacy because they are the more intimate areas. Some lounge areas can be semiprivate and the fitness center also requires small level of privacy. This is so the guest can be comfortable while they work or exercise.

pg. 22

SPATIAL DIAGRAMS

ADJACENCY DIAGRAMS

SOLID AND VOID

pg. 23

SPATIAL DIAGRAMS

UPPER LEVELS

MEZZANINE

MAIN FLOOR

pg. 24

CIRCULATION DIAGRAMS

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SPACES

SECTION 3.2 HOMEWOOD SUITES

pg. 25

OVERVIEW Homewood Suites is located at 4109 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA. It is an 11 story tall building with 110,000 square feet. The architecture was designed by Alesker and Dundon architects, and the interior design was done by Floss and Barber. The building was completed and opened in the spring of 2012. The construction budget for this building is high as it cost over 50 million dollars to fabricate. This case study relates to the purposed project as it is an extended hotel that features quality guest amenities. The building is a Hilton Hotel that is privately owned by Campus Apartments LLC. The main users of this building are the staff, lodgers, and people that visit for events. The visitors of this building can be described as a decently mixed age group. This consists of families that stay for hospital and college visits to a range of young and older business travelers. It is located in University City which is right on the University of Pennsylvaniaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s campus and minutes away from Drexel University. It is also conveniently located in close proximity to prominent Philadelphia Hospitals. This includes the Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Presbyterian. The setting of this area is urban and has significant age range of young college students and local Philadelphia families. Economic conditions in this area can be classified in a mid-range of high and low. This is because the mixture of students and families. The area is filled with new modern buildings due to the expansion of the two campuses. Homewood Suites does fit in with the newer buildings in the area with its modern looks.

pg. 26

DESIGN CONCEPT AND STYLE The building is reflective of modern design in its appearance and usage of materials. The design approach to this structure was to create a modern green building that echoes its surroundings. The interior and exterior of the building correlate with each other and imitate nature in material usage and by letting nature in through its picturesque windows. The building is a steel structure that implements a significant amount of glazing and some wood. It consists of 11 floors with a distinct separation between the private and public spaces. The public spaces are on the first three levels with most of the private spaces on the upper levels. The upper levels consist of the guest rooms with some areas for staff; the lower levels are main public spaces and some private spaces for staff as well. There is signage to help the users find their way through the space. This is mainly done through floor plans on each floor that tells the user where they are.

There is clear vertical and horizontal circulation. The main source of circulation is done vertical through the use of elevators this is how the users move up and down the structure. The horizontal circulation is done through the usage of hallways this is mainly seen in the upper levels where the guest rooms are located. The structure is rectilinear in shape which makes for easy circulation paths. The building consists of user friendly HVAC systems that have temperature controls in every room. This building integrates significant sustainable design principals and was designed with sustainability in mind. It is a LEED Silver building that boasts numerous sustainable attributes. These include: a green roof, rain water collection, large windows for natural light, a steel structure, and energy saving controls in each room. pg. 27

INTERIOR DESIGN The primary interior materials used in this space are wood and glazing. The materials are appropriate to the design intent of the building to emulate the surrounding area. It brings the outside in through the usage of windows. The wood also contributes to bring nature into the space. There are some sustainable and eco-friendly materials used in the space that contributes to the LEED accreditation. This is done through the fabrics used on the furniture. The spaces showcase an appropriate use of furniture and lighting for the users. The lounge and dining areas offer various seating groups that include chairs, tables, sofas, and lounges. The business center has desktop computers, printers, and fax machines. The small conference room has a large table and a suitable amount of seating. Each guest room has distinct areas for eating, sleeping, and relaxing. The overall color palette of the interior is neutral with an addition of color. The neutrals used are warm colors browns and beiges. The addition of color is seen through the usage of red. The way color is used in the interior gives the space a warm feeling. Because there is a lot of natural lighting throughout the building, the use of artificial lighting is subtle. The overhead lighting is all LED; it is mainly track and recessed lights. The space does have table lamps and wall sconces sprinkled throughout as well. With the addition of keycards that controls the artificial lighting in the guest rooms this not only saves energy but allows natural light to be properly used. They are not many decorative accessories in the space. Decoration is seen primarily in the form of art work on the walls. The slight use of art work in the space mixes well with the natural palette.

pg. 28

POST OCCUPANCY SURVEY From the staff surveys they seem to all enjoy the large windows the space has. Amanda Laoye a manager at Homewood Suites said that she loves the windows because they give a lot of natural light to space which makes it a good work environment. Interviewed guest said they like that the space has an ample amount of lounge space and that there are a fair amount of amenities offered. Overall the staff felt that the space could use more elevators and more storage. They said that because there is so much open space it limits how much storage they actually have. Laoye also stated that she wishes there were some better material selections as some of them are hard to clean.

pg. 29

EVALUATION From my own observations I found that some of the best qualities this building have to be location, amenities and that is LEED Certified. The location is good because it is in an area that has a lot to offer with the hospitals, campuses, and retail. The space itself does meet a decent amount of needs that extended stay travelers require. The business center, dining area, and lounge space all contribute to these needs. Designing a LEED Certified building does entail a lot planning and adds a level of consciousness to modern building and design. I appreciate that being considered, and overall it is executed well in the space. Where the building could use some work I feel is in the entry and material choices. The lobby and main space is on the third level of the building so when you enter it is a bit confusing on where you are supposed to go. All you see are elevators directly in front of you and a staircase to the side. I feel that visitors would want a more welcoming feeling when arriving. With the materials in the space I feel that they become a bit boring and typical. The materials do pair well together; they just do not spark any interest.

pg. 30

SPACES AND ADJACENCIES The spaces at the Homewood Suites consist of: a lounge area, a eating area, fitness areas, a business center, guest rooms, and staff spaces. The places that require the most privacy are the guest rooms and the staff spaces. The conference rooms and the business center require some level of quiet and acoustical privacy as that is important for meetings and working. The most public spaces would the lounge and eating area.

pg. 31

SPACE DIAGRAMS

pg. 32

FIRST FLOOR

THIRD FLOOR

TYPICAL UPPER FLOOR

CIRCULATION DIAGRAMS

FIRST FLOOR

THIRD FLOOR

TYPICAL UPPER FLOOR

pg. 33

PRIVATE VS. PUBLIC DIAGRAMS

PRIVATE PUBLIC

pg. 34

FIRST FLOOR

THIRD FLOOR

TYPICAL UPPER FLOOR

SOLID AND VOID DIAGRAMS

SOLID VOID

FIRST FLOOR

THIRD FLOOR

TYPICAL UPPER FLOOR pg. 35

SECTION 3.3 CHROME HOTEL

pg. 36

OVERVIEW

The chrome hotel is located in Kolkatta,India.1 The hotel is considered a small boutique business hotel.2 The hotel was designed by Sanjay Puri Architects and completed in 2011.3 Even though the hotel is small in size, it still justifies a high construction budget. This is because of the materials used and the location. The hotel is relevant to the purposed project as it is a business hotel that is focused on guest experiences.4 It is privately owned by Chocolate Properties, and its main users are elite business and corporate travelers.5 Located in a urban setting, the building is on AJC Bose flyover in Kolkatta which a main highway in the area.7 It is surrounded by commercial and residential buildings.8 This part of India is considered to be the business, commercial, and financial hub.9 Because of this, the area boasts high economic status in Eastern India.10

pg. 37

DESIGN CONCEPT AND STYLE The style of this building is modern, and its concept is about making diverse experiences for the users.11 The interior and exterior are integrated but also dissimilar. They are similar in the sense that they both reflect modern design; every space inside is unalike in what is used for materials, color, and overall design.12 The space is organized in eight levels with a distinction between private and public spaces.13 The first three levels are occupied by public spaces and staff areas. 14 The next four levels encompass the rooms for lodging and are private.15 On the top level there are a few more public spaces.16 The building is rectilinear and has a main source of circulation that runs vertically on each level.17 Horizontal circulation is not as prominent and only occurs between seperate spaces, but is not a main source of circulation.18 The dynamics of this building are seen in the volumes which dictate the space planning.19 The first volume encompasses the public spaces.20 This volume is comprised of 45cm hole punctures that are filled with frit glass that contain LED lights.21 This element is done to keep the outside surroundings hidden from the interior due to lack of interesting exterior views.22 During the day, the punctures serve as a way to let in natural light and at night the holes change colors powered by the LED lights.23 The volume that contains the guest rooms is identified by a white rectangular box..This box is juxtaposition against the public spaces volume and it creates a wedge at the front of the building.Besides the use of LED lighting, there are no other apparent sustainable tactics used in this building.

pg. 38

INTERIOR DESIGN The interior of the space incorporates a varied mix of materials and finishes. The main materials used are wood, glass, and various tiling.The materials all seem to have a similar luster to them. Most of the materials are shiny and polished in appearance. While each space is sculpted differently, the use of materials is successful. Ther arrangements of the furniture are appropriate for the spaces. Lounge areas come with ample amount of seating groups. The restaurant area includes a private dining area; allows for more intimate experiences The lounge/bar, and coffee shop areas provide spaces that can be more social or more private for the guest. The color palette is neutral with areas that add pops of color. The neutral color palette consists of dark greys, white, and some browns. The pops of color mainly come from usage of LED lights in space that can change colors.

Natural light is successful in that it is done in a way that lets it into the space, but it is still shielding the interior from the exterior.Artificial lighting is seen throughout the space in various applications. It is incorporated in the design through the furniture and ceiling elements. It is also seen in recessed lighting and reveals.The artificial lighting is successful as it is used in the space to enhance the design concept. The space does not boast much art in the public spaces as these spaces are sculpted in a way where structure and space its self is decorative. In the rooms they include graphic illustrations that add to the dĂŠcor. The sculpted spaces are effective because they drive are dissimilar and drive the concept of making each space a distinct experience for the users. pg. 39

EVALUATION Overall I find the space to be successful in how the space is used and the quality of the materials. What makes it successful is that the space feels open and not small even though it is small in square footage that it has. I think that the concept does come across throughout the space as well. From what I have observed every space in the building is distinct and offers diverse experiences for the users. That is achieved because the materials in each space are used in their own way. As for what I feel the building lacks, it would be spaces provided to work and meet. The space offers very little in terms of where users can have meetings and conferences while at the hotel. I find that is a key aspect to consider because it is a business hotel.

SPACES AND ADJACENCIES The spaces in the chrome hotel consist of lounges, a fitness center, a pool, a bar/lounge, a restaurant, a coffee bar, a business center, staff spaces, and guest rooms. The guest rooms require the most amount of privacy. Other spaces that require some level of privacy are staff spaces and the business center. The remaining spaces are public.

pg. 40

SPACES AND ADJACENCIES

pg. 41

SPACES AND ADJACENCIES DIAGRAMS

First Floor

pg. 42

Second Floor

Typical Upper level Floor

Top Floor

CIRCULATION DIAGRAMS

First Floor

Second Floor

Typical Upper level Floor

Top Floor

pg. 43

PUBLIC VS. PRIVATE DIAGRAMS

First Floor

pg. 44

Second Floor

Typical Upper level Floor

Top Floor

SOLID VS. VOID DIAGRAMS

First Floor

Second Floor

Typical Upper level Floor

Top Floor

pg. 45

SECTION 3.4 THE STANDARD HOTEL

pg. 46

OVERVIEW The Standard Hotel in NYC is located in the meatpacking district on the Highline.1 It was designed by Ennead Architects and completed in 2009.2 At 204,500 square meters, it is considered to be a large scale hotel.3 The size and location of the hotel justifies a high construction budget. Located on the Highline in the meatpacking district, the building is in a diverse area. Over the years, the meatpacking district has developed into an area where many creatives and business professionals work.4 It is also home to corporate headquarters and has a strong residential area as well.4 Because of its diverse neighborhood, the area boasts a high sense of community which is incorporated into how the NYC Standard Hotel was designed.5 The Standard hotel is privately owned by the hotelier Andre Balazs.6 This hotel is relevant to the proposed project because it focuses on amenities and user experiences.

pg. 47

DESIGN CONCEPT AND DESIGN

The design and style of the building is modern.7 According to the architects the design is about â&#x20AC;&#x153;creating a singular identity while reinforcing the historic industrial fabric.8 This building responds to its surroundings in a contrasting matter.9 The local buildings are all small in height only reaching two stories; the Standard is 18 stories high and pierces the sky.10 Made up of glass and reinforced concrete, the structure is raised 57 feet off of the street.11 This allows for 360 degree views of the area.12 The building showcases the idea of complete transparency.13 Its faĂ§ade clad in transparent glass which allows the users to look out into the city.14 The transparent exterior paired with the polished interior meshes two together well, and makes for a modern design both inside and outside. The organization of the hotel relies on the idea of community and integration.15 Designed as a public space, the hotel is meant to be inviting not only to the users but the community as well.16 Because it straddles above the Highline, the building has an outdoor plaza that is meant for guest and members of the community to explore.17 The plaza includes a restaurant and open beer garden.18

pg. 48

The first through third floors contain public spaces such as the lounges, lobbies, and meeting areas.19 The rooms are located on the fourth through seventeenth floors. The rooftop is designed as a public space as well. It is a lounge deck with an outdoor bar that is meant for users to take in more panoramic 360 degree views.20 Overall the main form of circulation in this building is vertical because of its height. On the levels where guest rooms are located, horizontal circulation takes place in the corridors. Sustainable approaches in this building are minimal, but the use of natural light is prevalent as the faĂ§ade is mostly transparent.

INTERIOR DEISGN

The interior of the structure is sleek and modern. Materials in the space are polished and rich. The materials are successful because it follows the same tone. It feels clean, elegant, and comfortable at the same time. Each space reflects modern design in the usage of materials and furniture. Space planning in regards to the furniture is adequate in each space. They all have appropriate quantities and seating groups. All of the furniture is modern and mainly upholstered with leather. The color palette is neutral and accentuates darker colors. These colors include browns, blacks, whites, and some dark greys. There appears to be a decent mixture of artificial lighting in the space. There is a combination of linear lights, recessed lights, and pendant lights throughout the space. Because of the amount of real estate that glass takes up on the faรงade the hotel receives a lot of natural light during the day. Overall there is not much art work in the space as it does not appear to be needed. The space does have walls that have textures and patterns on them. This is successful and adds a level of intrigue to the space.

EVALUATION Overall I found the space to be quite successful in how the materials are used. I appreciate that the building is consistent throughout. I also enjoy that the space has features that engage both the guest and the community. As for the spaces provided for the users, I think that the hotel appears to be successful in that area too. Where I feel this space could use some improvement is in material types in the main areas. While the material choices are appealing, I feel as though there could be more softer materials incorporated in the public areas. Many of the spaces feel like they have cold hard materials which comes off as uninventing.

pg. 49

SPACES,ROOMS, AND ADJACENCIES The spaces in The Standard Hotel include: guest rooms, lobbies, bar, restaurant, lounges, meeting/banquet spaces, gym/spa, roof deck, offices, and storage areas. The spaces that require the most amount of privacy are the guest rooms followed by the offices. The meeting and banquet area requires some degree of privacy especially when it comes to acoustics. All of the other spaces are public.

pg. 50

SPATIAL DIAGRAMS

ADJACENCY DIAGRAM

CIRCULATION DIAGRAM

pg. 51

SPATIAL DIAGRAMS

PRIVATE VS. PUBLIC

pg. 52

SOLID AND VOID

SECTION 4 ERGONOMIC AND TECHNICAL CRITERIA

FURNITURE, FINISHES, AND EQUIPMENT Selecting proper furnishings and finishes in a hotel are crucial to insuring the guest experience is successful. It is key to consider furniture groupings when designing a hotel.1Especially in lobbies, lounges, and meeting spaces, the arrangement of furnishings needs to be executed properly.2 In these spaces chairs and sofas need to have armrests.3 This is to help guest get in and out of furniture with ease.4 Seating also needs to have firm cushions for accessibility.5 In the guest rooms the furniture should be sturdy as often times guest move and put copious amounts of weight on them.6 Furniture in the guest rooms also should be preventative of hazards. To do this, furniture should not have projecting legs, cross bars, or sharp corners.7 Guest rooms require dressers and cabinets; these pieces should be able to operate with the use of one hand.8 Hardware on furniture that requires pulls should be able to be hooked rather than grasped.9 This is to accommodate guest with limited hand function. When using carpeting, it should be glued to the sub floor and be made from high density fiber.10 This makes for ease of rolling for users in wheel chairs.11 Flooring that has tile need to have nonslip finishes to prevent slips and falls.12

pg. 54

ERGONOMICS, ANTHROPOMORPHICS, AND PROXIMETRICS Hotels need to be designed with comfortable range of motions in mind.13 This can be determined by many factors including: age, weight, and sex.14 Considering the placement of switches, controls, shelving and drawers is important to accommodate different ranges of motion.15 Vertical mounting heights should be between 2’-3” and 4’-6”above the floor.16 Guest have a multitude of limitations that need to be addressed in the hotel design process. These limitations include: range of motion, issues with visibility, and issues with mobility.17 The best way to aid guest with these limitations is to have spaces that have simple organization systems.18 Corridors should be free of obstacles, and spaces should be easy to move around. 19 Overall design should comply with ADA regulations to insure that the proper universal design techniques are being used to serve all guests.2O

MATERIALS In hotel design it is essential to pay attention to the types of materials that are being used in the space. Durable materials are most useful in high traffic areas.21 These areas include hallways, corridors, lobbies, and lounges.22 It is best to implement easily cleanable materials in these areas.23 In guest rooms it is essential to have materials that are resistant to abrasion as well.24 Surfaces should be able to resist burns and scrapes as these spaces are constantly being used.25 The more durable the material choices the less they need to be replaced; the budget will determine if it is okay to use materials that may need more maintenance.26 Because this project has a high budget, it will not make a deciding impact on what materials will be selected. 3

pg. 55

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN The best way to practice sustainable design in this project type will be to implement, natural lighting, sensor lighting systems and sustainable materials both in building and textiles and finishes. Over time LEED is becoming more popular to use in this project type, and they give a sufficient outline of what needs to be done in order to get LEED accreditation. 27

ACOUSTIC CONTROL Certain areas require more acoustical privacy than others in this project type. In some public areas the level of acoustical privacy need is not that high, but it can be difficult for users to hear in situations where there are high ceilings and hard finishes.28 To deter this in these areas, sound-absorbing finishes and furnishings should be used to prevent that problem.29 Spaces that will require the most acoustical privacy are the guest rooms and conference and meeting areas.30 To insure that these spaces have a high level of acoustical privacy walls and partitions should be sound-insulated.31 Sound-absorbing materials should be selected for furniture and finishes as well.32

pg. 56

VISUAL CONTROL Spaces that require the most visual control are conference rooms,reception area, hallways, and corridors.33 In conference areas visual control is needed because of visual presentations.34 This can be done by having screens and projectors that are large in nature so that users can see.35In the reception area visual control will be needed for the staff to be able to see guest and also keep guest information private. In hallways and corridors visual control is need in order for users to see long distances.36 These areas should be well lit with the appropriate amount of lighting so that users can move thorough these spaces with ease.37 6

WAYFINDING AND SIGNAGE

SECURITY

Signage throughout the space needs to be clear and consistent to assist users.38 The best way to keep signs consistent is to use the same mounting height, color, and typeface on all signs.39 These signs must also follow ADA standards when it comes to color, size and proportion.40 Signs should be well lit and perpendicular to the path of travel.41 An appropriate mounting height of 5â&#x20AC;&#x2122;0 is best as this is around eye level.42 Signage that is most successful is the ones that use commonly recognized symbols in their graphic display.43

Areas that need the most level of security are entrances and exits.44These areas need to be well lit and have controlled access.45 Guest rooms need to be equipped with lock systems and peepholes, and main outside entries should be monitored by staff.46

pg. 57

UNIVERSAL DESIGN, ADA, AND CODE This project type must comply with Title III ADA requirements.47 All public spaces including guest rooms and work areas must be accessible.48 This should be seen in corridors at 5ft wided, counter heights at 30 inches hight, and furnishings that can be adjustable.49

pg.58

SECTION 5 TOPICAL EXPLORATIONS

COLOR “Today’s hotel color trends are diverse…”1 Depending on the targeted clientele, the way color is used will be more specific to the user groups.2 To understand what colors are best to use in this building type, it is key to explore each color individually.

pg. 60

Black is a power color and is associated with richness, sophistication, modernism, and elegance.3 White represents purity, youth, and cleanliness.4 It can also be considered a classy neutral color.5 Blue is the most popular color; it is calming soothing and more businesslike.6 It promotes feelings of trust and reliability.7 Green is the color of nature.8 It provides a feeling of freshness and tranquility.9 It is also a sign of wealth and stability.10 Yellow is considered a cheerful color; it is associated with optimism and happiness.11 The color can also be considered fatiguing for the eye.12 Purple signifies, wealth, royalty and dignity.13 It is often perceived as quirky, mystical and creative.14 Brown is considered a color of nature like the color green. It signifies strength, sophistication, and warmth. It can also be considered out dated or boring if it isn’t used correctly. Orange is energetic and enthusiastic. It is considered playful and promotes safety.15 Red promotes excitement, strength, passion, speed, and danger.16 It is also considered a dramatic color and stimulates the appetite.17 Pink is associated with romance and love.18 It is a calming color that is soft sweet and nurturing.19

For this project type the guests need spaces that encourage comfort and tranquility.20 This is most significant in guest rooms as guest rooms are considered a place for decompression. Because blues and greens are calming colors, featuring them in guest rooms is recommended. In this building type comfort and security is key in how guest should feel in the atmosphere. Colors that will promote these types of feelings will be along the lines of rich warmer colors.21 These colors will be chocolate browns, olive greens, true reds, gold, and more natural neutral colors.22 Because this is a hotel for business professionals, a high level of sophistication is a factor that will need to be considered when choosing the color palette. Colors such as black and white can aid in adding a level of sophistication and modernism to the design of the hotel. Blue is considered to be a color associated with business; this color could be a good choice to use in work areas as it has calming qualities as well.23 In lobby spaces shades of purple could go a long way to add a level of richness and extravagance to the space. This building type does allow for more vibrant colors in areas where guests would be socializing and or dining. Reds, yellows and oranges would be appropriate in these areas as they are stimulant colors, and sparks the appetite.24

The most major thing to remember for color selection for this building type is to create a harmonious color palette.25 A selection of colors that does this will be pleasing to the eye and properly stimulate the users.26 The key is finding a balance in the assortment. If the colors are too bland the space will appear boring and will ultimately be under stimulating to the mind, but if it is overdone then the brain will be over stimulated.27 Achieving coherence in the palette can be done in a couple of ways. The scheme can be analogous; this is done by using any three colors that are side by side on the color wheel that features one color as the predominate one.28 Another way to accomplish this is by having a scheme that uses complimentary colors; these are any two colors directly opposite one another on the color wheel.29 Using this method, creates an optimal amount of contrast on the eye, and promotes the most stability in emotions.30

pg. 61

HUMAN BEHAVIOR Understanding how spaces for extended stay hotels are perceived by guests, is critical to fully design for their particular needs.1 In this type of space guest will make judgements on how spaces make them feel and what is and is not working for them when it comes to comfort.2 Guests are more likely to “pay attention to service failures” rather than the good experiences that they have in the facility. Public areas are being noticed first by guests.3 Because of this, public areas need to be designed in ways that are welcoming to all types of guest and groups.4 In these areas it is best to know how people like to mingle.5 In lobby areas specifically, there will be groups that like to sit and meet, groups that are standing to have a quick chat, and individuals tucked away in a lounge chair keeping to themselves.6 To accommodate for this these areas need to be spacious.7 Being considerate of how people converse in these settings is a factor too. Common areas such as lobby spaces need to provide options. There should be multiple seating groups, small and large, to accommodate for intimate and larger gatherings.8 These areas also need to have plenty of square footage for movement.9 It is shown that “if a person is talking on the phone they tend to walk around”.10 This is a prime example of why these spaces need good circulation to allow movement. This building type must address the issues of crowding in the public spaces as well.11 Because lobby spaces in this building type host a multitude of guests doing varying things, crowding can definitely cause issues in user comfort levels.12 “Guests will ultimately feel uncomfortable if they feel crowed or stuck in any of these areas.”13 Again this can be deterred by providing an ample amount of room in these areas.14

pg. 62

While some guests may be okay with large groups and crowds, there will be other guests that feel completely overwhelmed by it.15 To increase the moral in these certain guest, “there needs to be spaces that allow for isolation.”16 Studies show that “people who frequently travel for business are showing signs of depression and loneliness.”17 This knowledge is essential in this building type as it is for the business traveler. It is vital that the facilities are relaxing, uplifting, and not depressive. In recent years guests are also expecting hotels to feel more luxurious.18 To achieve this, the spaces should have furniture, finishes, and lighting that give off an ambiance of luxury, but is also comfortable.19 Furniture should be adjustable; this should be done especially in seating.20 Adjustable furniture allows the users to sit, relax, and work however they feel is most comfortable. Quality lighting is also critical.21 If a user feels as if they look bad in lighting they will ultimately have a negative outlook on the space.22 Lighting quality also is a factor in workspaces.23 It needs to be conducive to a work environment.24 The best way to achieve this is to provide task lighting in work areas; this gives the users a chance to adjust the lighting according to their needs. Common spaces such as lobbies and gathering spaces can get loud, and possibly become more of a stressful environment for certain guest.25 To deter this these spaces should provide some type of white noise. The use of a water element in this area will would provide a calming feeling, and ultimately make these larger gathering spaces less stressful.26 In this building type creating a balance in the space is essential to creating a comfortable atmosphere.27

Public areas need to be engaging and stimulating.28 Ideally these spaces need to have a balance where the users do not become over or under stimulated.29 To achieve this it is important to emphasize bold design elements.30 A well calculated bold design element will be engaging but not too stimulating.31 When deciding on a creative element, it is good to consider something that is easy to change at minimal cost.32 This is because design trends change frequently, and it should not be a hassle to update the hotel when needed.33

pg. 63

MAKING GUEST ROOMS LIKE HOME “In hotels, we are public yet private”34 Because of this, guests rooms serve as an intimate area for travelers. In this building type taking a look at how guests respond to their private lodging areas is a significant factor to consider as this is where guests will spend a majority of their alone time while traveling.35 “Guest rooms are places of sanctuary and solitude for some guests, whether they are relaxing or working.”36 No matter how long their stay is, for a temporary period of time the guest room is their new home.37 Because of this, the space needs to feel as though it can provide the same comforts as home.38 When a guest enters their lodging area they instantly notice what the space has that makes them feel at ease.39 It is shown that guests will respond well to spaces that feel more home-like.40 In an extended stay hotel users are staying for a longer time period unlike in regular hotels, therefore the reassuring feeling of home and place is even more critical. It is ideal to make the space feel less like a commercial space and more like a place where one is supposed to be.41 The down side of hotel rooms is that guests can feel uncomfortable because ultimately nothing in the room physically belongs to them.42 The layout and furnishings is not decided by them and therefore it belongs to the hotel.43 In order to have a guest room that feels more inviting upon arrival, guests need to feel as though they have a sense of ownership in the space.44 There needs to be designated areas in the room where the user can set up territory.45 Doing this will make the atmosphere more welcoming, and the users will feel like they have a sense of place there.46 Special spaces should be set up so that the user can unpack and create their own territories within the room.47 pg. 64

There should be plenty of closet space where they can unpack their clothing and store luggage when they enter the room.48 The bathroom areas should provide spaces for guests to put their personal toiletries.49 There should be areas where users can setup their electronic devices.50 Many hotels provide charging stations and docks for the guests.51 Designated work spaces should be provides as well.53 Guests should feel comfortable working there and sleeping there.54 Some guests really enjoy working in their rooms as it is more isolated.55 Because of this, a certain percentage of guests will spend even more time in their rooms than others.56 Work areas should feel distinct from the sleeping areas.57 The work area should provide the right amount of space that allows the users to complete their work, and also not feel stressed out.58 Emphasizing that the room is the guest “home away from home”, the space should never feel dull or boring.59 If the space feels institutional, it will make the user realize how they are missing their homes.60 To avoid this, the room should be free of white blank walls.61 View windows should also be provided as it will connect the guests with the outside world, and aide in making the overall atmosphere more calming.62 Material and lighting choices in the rooms will be a factor in increasing the comfort level as well. Users want to have a space in the room where they can feel comfortable getting ready.63 It is best consider lighting in bathroom and vanity areas where one will spend time getting ready.64

Guests also appreciate a room that is acoustically sound.65 Essentially the room should provide a high level of sound proofing so that they cannot clearly hear what is happening in the room next to them or right outside their door. 66 This can be accomplished through various types of treatments. One way this can be done is with sound absorbing ceilings.67 Long tray ceilings can provide a high level of sound absorption in private rooms.68 Creating thicker walls that surround each room is another way to improve the acoustics. When designing private rooms it is best to remember that “a hotel room can be a solace based on premeditated design decisions.”69

pg. 65

SECTION 6 SITE, CONTEXT, CLIMATE, AND ZONING

CITY The Cira Centre is located in Philadelphia, PA, which is the fifth largest city in the United States. This city is known for many trades which include: manufacturing, textiles, food, and machinery.1 Over the years, Philadelphia has become known as a leader in the healthcare industry.2 Approximately 1,526,006 citizens make up the city of Philadelphia according to the 2010 census. The average income of residents is considered in the middle class range. Culturally, Philadelphia can be considered quite rich as the city has various sections that consist of distinct characteristics. Each section in Philadelphia contains specialties and landmarks that make them unique to their own name and area.3 This allows the city to be easier to navigate for visitors and natives. The city was originally planned based on a grid, and this has been followed ever since.4 With major streets that run parallel to each other, it makes for clear routes for people traveling on foot or by other means of transportation. Climate wise, the temperatures are pretty mild with an average in the mid 50â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s.5 The city experiences an average of 41 inches of precipitation a year with roughly 20 inches of that being from snowfall.6 There seems be a significant amount of clouds in the city with 160 cloudy days and 112 partially cloudy days annually.7 On average the wind speeds in the city are at 9.5 miles per hour.8 These wind speeds can definitely be felt in areas with a dense amount of tall buildings which causes wind tunnels.

pg. 67

NEIGHBORHOOD University City is the distinct area of Philadelphia in which the Cira Centre is located. The area gets its name from the six college campuses that encompass this zip code.18 Because this is a high volume college area, the population is mainly made up of students and young professionals. The dominate age range of the residents in this area is between 20-25 years old.19 The economic status of residents in this area is in the low to middle class range.20 Most people that live in this area also work there too.21 This is made convenient with the abundant amount of public transportation the area has to offer. The area boasts trolley, bus, and subway stops throughout.22 University City also has a lot to offer in healthcare and commercially. With a vast amount of retail, restaurants, and medical institutions, this area has just about everything residents need.23 The architecture in University City stays true to Philadelphia with rowhomes that line the residential streets. As this area is developing more, the buildings are reflective of current modern times.24 There are still some historical buildings in the area mainly seen on the college campuses like the University of Pennsylvania.

pg. 68

TRANSIT MAP

Site Location

pg. 69

STREET The Cira Centre is located on Arch Street. This is a oneway street that is located right off of I-76 and puts the Cira Centre directly across the street from 30th street station. Because of the train depot and the high way, there are not many buildings on this street. The Cira Centre stands out as one of the few skyscrapers in this area. All of the other buildings are relatively shorter in height. Buildings such as 30th street are eight stories high.25 In comparison, the Cira Centre is 29 stories high.26 There is a contrast between architecture styles on this street. The Cira Centre is a modern skyscraper that features a glass faรงade.27 While 30th Street station, features a neo-classical exterior that has a post beam structure.28 The surrounding buildings it this area are mainly commercial office buildings with the some eateries.

pg. 70

SITE ZONING The site is currently zoned into two main sections commercial and industrial. The site itself is considered commercial with most of the remaining area industrial. There is some institutional sections as well.

pg. 71

SITE ANALYSIS The building is located on a one-way street. Traffic moves around the building via this one-way street that is directly off of the interstate next to it. The building does have access to it via sidewalk for pedestrians. There is also a connection between 30th street station and the Cira Centre that allows people to safely enter. The building conveniently has its own parking lot right next to it for people that are driving, and there is a vast amount of public transportation surrounding it for non–drivers. This includes 30th Street Station which is a transportation hub for regional trains, the Market-Frankford Subway line, and multiple city bus stops. From inside of the building users can enjoy beautiful views of the city from the eastern and southern parts of the building. The northern and western views are not the best as there is a highway and a train yard in these areas. However, since the building is a skyscraper there is still potential for city views from these areas that go beyond the unsightly ones. The path of the sun will allow for maximum sunlight along the northern façade of the building. The eastern façade will receive more sunlight in the morning hours, and the western façade will receive more sunlight in the evening hours. The southern part of the building will not get much natural sunlight in comparison to the other areas. The building does face a relatively high amount of noise pollution due to the highway and train station on either side of it. Winds will be coming towards the western part of the building which does not pose any potential problems to the site. The landscape of the building is industrial with not much to offer for greenery or seating directly outside the building. The site, however, is located in close proximity to the Schuylkill River which offers a scenic trail for people to stroll on. Also a few steps away from the site there is a plaza at 30th and Market Street that offers public outdoor seating. The main safety concern would be that the building is on a high traffic street, and there are not any buildings next to it on the east or west. Because of this, it is vital that people going to the building feel a sense of security especially at night. To help insure this keeping the area well-lit is ideal. pg. 72

SITE ANALYSIS MAP AND TEMPERATURES

pg. 73

SECTION 7 PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND DOCUMENTATION

PROGRAM

pg. 75

PROGRAM

pg. 76

PROGRAM

77,850 23,355 101,205

pg. 77

ADJACENCY MATRIX Vestibule Reception Waiting Area Lounge(s)

major adjacency

Business Center(s)

secondary adjacency

Conference Room(s) Fitness Center Small Store Bar Admin Lounge Locker Room Private Bathrooms Double Beds Studio Single Room Executive Deluxe Restaurant Janitor Building Mechanical Laundry Vending Machines Storage

pg. 78

TEST FITS

DOUBLE ROOMS PUBLIC SPACES: Lounge, Business Center

SUPPORT SPACES Bathrooms, Laundry, Janitor, Storage, Vending, Mechanical

DOUBLE ROOMS LEVEL THREE

EXECUTIVE DELUXE PUBLIC SPACES: Lounge, Bar, Sm. Confrence Room

SUPPORT SPACES Bathrooms, Laundry, Janitor, Storage, Vending, Mechanical

SINGLE ROOMS

LEVEL FOUR

pg. 79

TEST FITS Public Spaces: Lounge (1), Business Center (1), Conference Rooms (2), Fitness Center, Restaurant, Bar (1), Small Store

SUPPORT SPACES: Storage, Janitor, Bathrooms, Vending, Mechanical, Laundry

ENTRY: Vestibule, Reception, Waiting Area

STAFF SPACES: Admin Staff Lounge Locker Room Private Bathrooms

LEVEL ONE

STUDIOS

PUBLIC SPACES: Lounge

SUPPORT SPACES: Storage, Janitor, Bathrooms, Vending, Mechanical, Laundry

STUDIOS

pg. 80

LEVEL TWO

SECTION 8 BUILDING ANALYSIS, CODE, REGULATIONS , AND STANDARDS

EXISTING BUILDING ANALYSIS The Cira Centre is a 29 story skyscraper that has 731,852 Square feet.1 It was designed by Caesar Pelli of Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects, and completed in 2005. The structure features an all glass exterior curtain wall. This includes a mullion system that is 75 millimeters wide that creates a grid system on the curtain wall.2 The location of the building is unique as it creates a contrast with the surrounding buildings. As it was the first skyscraper in the area, it stands out against more bulky buildings such as 30th Street station. According to the architect this contrast makes “…the tower delicate and light.”3 Conceptually, the building was designed to have an angular feature that changes the look of the structure from different positions. The form and the highly reflective surface of the building make it appear crystal like. This structure also features an LED lighting system that reflects changing colors on the exterior curtain wall.4 This allows the form to be ever-changing. Style wise this building is considered a modern skyscraper. This is due to the height of the building, and the exterior materials of glass and steel. Structurally, the building is supported by steel columns that surround the perimeter of each floor. The building does implement practices of sustainability. This is mainly seen in the location of the building. The site is on an old rail yard which showcases a reuse of land, and the building is in close proximity to public transportation making for easy commutes and encourages the use of that form of transportation instead of driving.5 Also the exterior has high performance glass that lets in an abundance of natural light and reduces the energy that is need for cooling.6

pg. 82

EXISTING BUILDING ANALYSIS DIAGRAM

Typical Floor Plan

pg. 83

OUTCOME OF BUILDING ANALYSIS The existing building will be used to host an extend stay hotel that also features a restaurant, bars, lounges, and conference areas. The building will not be used in its entirety it has an abundance of square feet. Instead the hotel will take advantage of the first four floors of the building, and the rest of the space will be leased out to offices. The building does feature a core system that has stairways, restrooms, and elevators that will be useful to keep for the extended stay hotel. This will allow circulation to stay centrally located, and allow users to move vertically through the space with ease.

pg. 84 3

BUILDING CODE, REGULATION, & STANDARDS ANALYSIS Project Data

Project name: Cira Centre Address: 2929 Arch Street Philadelphia, PA 19104 Date of Completion: 2005 Number of Stories: 29 Total Gross SQ FT.: 731,852 Purposed Usage of SQ FT.: 86,122

Applicable Building Code Information

Means of Egress

Sprinklered: Assume Protected/Sprinklered Dead End limit: 50’-0”

Gross SQFT:

R-1: 68,250 sq.ft. Business: 5,450 sq.ft. Restaurant/Bar: 2,100 sq.ft. Conference: 1,400 sq.ft. Stroage/Mechanical: 1,275 sq.ft.

Zoning Ordinance: City of Philadelphia SQ.FT. Per occupant: Fire Code: IFC 2010 R-1: 204 sq.ft. Building Code & Date: Building Code of Philadelphia 2010 Business: 100 sq.ft. Energy Code: International Energy Conservation Code Restaurant/Bar: 15 sq.ft. 2009

User group Classification

Residential Group - R-1

Conference: 15 sq.ft. Stroage/Mechanical:318 sq.ft.

pg. 85

BUILDING CODE, REGULATION, & STANDARDS ANALYSIS Number of Occupants: R-1: 335 Business: 55 Restaurant/Bar: 140 Conference:93 Stroage/Mechanical: 4 Total: 627

Minimum Corridor Width:

R-1: 44â&#x20AC;?

Number of Exits:

R-1: 2 per floor Total of: 8 Exits

Exit Access Travel Distance:

R-1: With Sprinklers 250 ft. pg. 86

Sanitation

Water Closets

Guest Rooms: Water Closets 1 per Unit. Total: 125 Business Areas: WC Male: 2 WC Female: 3

Lavatories

Guest Rooms: Lavatories 1 per Unit. Total:125 Business Areas: Lavatories Male: 2 Lavatories Female: 2

Urinals Male

Guest Rooms: N/A Business Areas: 1 Drinking Fountains: R-1: 2 per floor Total number: 8

BUILDING CODE, REGULATION, & STANDARDS ANALYSIS Fire Protection Requirements

Fire Exit Enclosures: 2 Hours Shafts and Elevator Hoistways: 2 Hours Tenant Space Seperations: 2 Hours Smoke Barriers: Assume 30 Minutes Corridor Fire Resistance: R-1: Occupant load greater than 10 fire rating of .5 hours with sprinklers

Incidental Use areas:

Group 1-2 Waste & Linen Collection Rooms fire rating 1 hour Storage rooms over 100 sq. ft. fire rating 1 hour Laundry rooms over 100 sq. ft. fire rating 1 hour.

pg. 87

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Research on the proposed project has consistently shown the importance of creating an extended hotel that meets the needs of the users. The main variance between a hotel and an extended hotel is that a guest will spend more time at the extended hotel, and therefore the extended stay hotel experience will have more of an impact on them. The success of the proposed project will be reliant on the design being both compelling and functional for the users. Research from existing buildings of the project type, this space needs to include areas that can support the staff and the guest. Upon further research and user surveys it was found that staff need and appreciate ample amounts of storage spaces and room for circulation. The hotel will include areas where the staff will have pleanty of storage and have room to move around at a comfortable level. It was found that guest generally like having the options to be social or private in this type of facility. The comfort of the guests is a high priority when designing the space. In order to be truly successful when planning guest areas, it is best to understand that not every person is the same and spaces will need to be flexible to properly fit dissimilar needs. Most people tend to have varying comfort levels when it comes to on being social and being alone. This project will included spaces where guest can freely enjoy being social with one another or be reserved and have their alone time. The research has shown that the private room is like a sanctuary and is the area of the hotel where guests will spend the most time. Because the guest room has such an impact on the guest experience, it will need to include aspects that give them a since of home and place. This project will have private rooms that make the users feel at ease and comfortable. Ultimately the project will need to focus on the users and how to meet their needs. “As Alan Weiss said “ask your customers to be part of the solution, and don’t view them as part of the problem.”

pg. 89

BIBLIOGRAPY & APPENDIX

SECTION ONE NOTES

IMAGES

1. Rufus ,Anneli. “What Can Hotel Rooms Teach Us?” Psychology Today. October 19, 2012. Accessed October 29, 2016. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/ stuck/201210/what-can-hotel-rooms-teach-us.

1.Black Doors. Digital Image.Archilovers. Accessed November 21 2016. http://www.archilovers.com/projects/165227/hotel-not-hotel.html

2. Zipkin, Amy. “At Extended-Stay Hotels, a Sense of Home (or a Party).” The New York Times. Web. 23 June 2016. 3. Ibid.

4. Goll, David. “Extended-stay hotels more like home.” San Francisco Business Times 9 June 200:30. Business Insights: Global. Web. 26 July 2016. 5. ”Number of Business and Leisure Travelers U.S. 2008-2020 | Statistic.” Statista. The Statistics Portal, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. 6. “International Business Travel Statistics | American Express Global Business Travel.” Content Hub. American Express, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. 7. “International Business Travel Statistics | American Express Global Business Travel.” Content Hub. American Express, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. 8. Marshall, Patrick. “Traveling to Philadelphia for Business? What You Should Know.” Business Travel Destinations. N.p., 10 Sept. 2014. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. 9. “U.S. Business Travel | Bureau of Transportation Statistics.” U.S. Business Travel |Bureau of Transportation Statistics. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.

2. Philly Pin Drop. Digital Image.Corporate Sedan Service. Accessed November 21 2016. http://www.philadelphia-limo-services.com/blog/top15-lunch-spots-in-philly 3. Guy in airport. Digital Image. Mt.Airport. Accessed November 21 2016. http://www.mtairportconsultants.com/?lightbox=dataItem-ipszfuoa3 4. Lady in Hammock. Digital Image. CibelCastroAccessed November 21 2016. http://cibelecastro.com.br/ 5. Living Space.Digital Image. Funssy.November 21 2016. http://www. funssy.com/3/100993/30%E5%80%8B%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%B86 6. Hotel Lobby.Digital Image. Patrice Nicole.November 21 2016. http:// www.patricenicholeriosdesign.com/services.html 7. Lobby.Digital Image. CD&M November 21 2016. http://www.cdmlight. com/index.php/portfolio/casestudy/14 8. Cozy Socks .Digital Image. Indystar.November 21 2016. http:// www.indystar.com/insider/deals/2015/12/10/let-us-keep-you-warmwinter/77087742/

10. Ibid.

11. Zipkin, Amy. “At Extended-Stay Hotels, a Sense of Home (or a Party).”

pg. 91

SECTION TWO NOTES 1. Levy-Bonvin, Jacques. "Hospitality Net - Hotels | A Brief History - By Jacques Levy-Bonvin." Hospitality Net. December 15, 2003. Accessed September 05, 2016. http://www.

28.Faris, C. (1993). Sleeping well...and also computing, faxing, exercising, ironing and barbecuing. hotels strive to keep up with business travelers' needs. Indiana Business Magazine, 37(10), 23. Accessed September 05, 2016. https:// 3. Long, George. English Inns and Road-houses. London: T.W. ezproxy.philau.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.philau.edu/docvie w/213143651?accountid=28402 Laurie, 1937.

2. Ibid.

4. Ibid. 5. Jacques, “Hospitality Net-Hotels I A Brief history”

6. Ibid.

7. Ibid. 8. Ibid. 9. Ibid. 10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 12. Ibid. 13. Ibid. 14. Ibid. 15. Ibid. 16. Ibid. 17. Ibid. 18. Ibid. 19. Ibid. 20. Ibid.

29. Ibid. 30. Minch, “Hotels up Technology to meet business travelers’ needs”

31."TRAVELLING ON BUSINESS: MAKE IT PERSONAL." Profit 25, no. 2 (05, 2006): 38-38,40. Accessed September 05, 2016. https://ezproxy.philau.edu/ login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.philau.edu/docview/219293561?acco untid=28402.

32. Ibid. 33. Ibid.

34. Ibid. 35. Ibid.

IMAGE SOURCES 1. Suitcases on the Bridge. Digital Image. Take One Girl and a Camera Too. Accessed September 06, 2016. www.takeonegirlandacameratoo.wordpress.com 2. American Scenery-The Inn on the Roadside. Digital Image. Library of Congress. Accessed September 06, 2016. www.loc.gov/pictures 3. The Cott Inn. Digital Image. Wikipedia. Accessed September 06, 2016. www. wikipedia.org/wiki/darrington

21. Ibid. 22. Ibid.

4. Taj Mahal Palace Hotel. Digital Image. Wikipedia. Accessed September 06, 2016. www.wikipedia.org/wiki/the-taj-mahal

23. Ibid.

5. Savoy sign. Digital Image.Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group. Accessed September 06, 2016. www.madarinoriental.com

24. Ibid. 25. Ibid.

26. Ibid.

27.MINCH, MORGAN. "Hotels up technology to meet business travelers' needs." Washington Business Journal 27 Oct. 2000: 67. Accessed September 05, 2016 http://bi.galegroup.com.ezproxy.philau. edu/global/article/GALE%7CA66682002/623dca1dbe61b1e0f7aaf4bfbb 83b59b?u=phil37611

pg. 92

6. Buisness Travel. Digital Image. Business Travel News. Accessed September 06, 2016. www.buisnesstravelnews.com

SECTION 3.1 NOTE 1.“Point2 Homes.” Center City Philadelphia Demographics & Statistics. Accessed September 13, 2016. http://www.point2homes.com/US/Neighborhood/PA/Philadelphia/CenterCity-Philadelphia-Demographics.html.

IMAGE SOURCES 1.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Elevators, Unpublished Photograph 2.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Exterior, Unpublished Photograph 3.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Workspace, Unpublished Photograph 4.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Sculpture, Unpublished Photograph 5.Bailey, T, 2016, Franklin Glasses, Unpublished Photograph 6.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Stairs, Unpublished Photograph 7.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Pendant, Unpublished Photograph 8.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Room, Unpublished Photograph 9.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Room Kitchen, Unpublished Photograph 10.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Art, Unpublished Photograph 11.Bailey, T, 2016, Windsor Seating, Unpublished Photograph

pg. 93

SECTION 3.2 IMAGE SOURCES 1.

Homewood Suites. Digitalimage. Alesker Dundon Architects. Acessed September 25, 2016. www.aleskerdundonarchitects.com

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Exterior,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Seating Group,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Green Roof,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Reception,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Lounge,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Room,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Livingroom,unpublished photograph.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Kitchen,unpublished photograph.

10.

Bailey,T,2016, Homewood Lounge by Window ,unpublished photograph.

pg. 94

SECTION 3.3 NOTES 1. ”Chrome Hotel / Sanjay Puri Architects.” ArchDaily. November 28, 2011. Accessed September 30, 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/186661/chrome-hotel-sanjay-puri-architects. 2. “Chrome Hotel, Kolkata, India.” WAN:: Chrome Hotel by Sanjay Puri Architects in Kolkata, India. April 07, 2011. Accessed September 29, 2016. http://www.worldarchitecturenews. com/project/2011/16350/sanjay-puri-architects/chrome-hotel-in-kolkata.html. 3. “Chrome Hotel/Sanjay Puri Architects.” ArchDaily. 4. Ibid. 5. “Chrome Hotel,Kolkata,India.” WAN 6. Ibid. 7. By the Early Nineteenth Century, Kolkata Was Split into Two Distinct Areas.”Kolkata.” New World Encyclopedia. Accessed October 01, 2016. http://www.newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/Kolkata.

IMAGE SOURCES 1. Chrome Exteriror.Digital Image. Arch Daily. Acessed September 28,2016.Arch Daily. www.archdaily.com 2. Guest Room.Digital Image. World Architecture News. Acessed September 28,2016.World Architecture News. www.worldarchitecturenews. com 3. Chrome at Night.Digital Image. World Architecture News. Acessed September 28,2016.World Architecture News. www.worldarchitecturenews.com 4. Chrome Lounge.Digital Image. World Architecture News. Acessed September 28,2016.World Architecture News. www.worldarchitecturenews.com

8. Ibid. 9. “Chrome Hotel/Sanjay Puri Architects.” ArchDaily.

5. Chrome Lobby.Digital Image. Arch Daily. Acessed September 28,2016. Arch Daily. www.archdaily.com

10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 12. Ibid. 13. Ibid. 14. Ibid. 15. Ibid. 16. Ibid. 17. Ibid. 18. Ibid. 19. Ibid. 20. “Chrome Hotel,Kolkata,India.” WAN 21.Ibid. 22.Ibid. 23.Ibid.

6. Chrome Bar.Digital Image. Arch Daily. Acessed September 28,2016. Arch Daily. www.archdaily.com 7. Chrome Private Dinning.Digital Image. World Architecture News. Acessed September 28,2016.World Architecture News. www.worldarchitecturenews.com 8. Chrome Guest Room Graphic.Digital Image. World Architecture News. Acessed September 28,2016.World Architecture News. www.worldarchitecturenews.com

pg. 95

SECTION 3.3 NOTES 1. “The Standard New York / Ennead Architects - 4.” ArchDaily. N.p., 28 Jan. 2012. Web. 08 Oct. 2016. 2. Ibid. 3. Ibid. 4. “Neighborhood - Meatpacking District Official Website.” Meatpacking District Official Website Neighborhood Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2016. 5. Ibid. 6. Ibid. 7. “The Standard New York / Ennead Architects. 8. Ibid. 9. Ibid. 10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 12. Ibid. 13. “The Standard, High Line - Ennead.” The Standard, High Line Ennead. N.p., 2009. Web. 09 Oct. 2016. 14. Ibid. 15. Ibid. 16. Ibid. 17. Ibid. 18. Ibid. 19. Ibid. 20. Ibid. 21. Ibid.

pg. 96

IMAGE SOURCES 2. Elevator LobbyDigital Image. Arch Daily. Acessed October 08 2016. Arch Daily. www.archdaily.com 3. Guest Room .Digital Image. Arch Daily. Acessed October 08 2016.Arch Daily. www.archdaily.com 4. Lobby.Digital Image. Arch Daily. Acessed October 08 2016.Arch Daily. www.archdaily.com S

SECTION 4 NOTES 1. Davies, Thomas D., Kim A. Beasley, and Thomas D. Davies. Accessible Design for Hospitality: ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotels, Motels, and Other Recreational Facilities. New York: McGraw-Hill, (1994),12. 2. Ibid.,12 3. Ibid.,86 4. Ibid.,86 5. Ibid.,86 6. Ibid.,87 Ibid.,87 7. Ibid.,87 8. 9. Ibid.,87 10. Ibid.,87 11. Ibid.,87 12. Ibid.,87 13. Ibid.,16 14. Ibid.,16 15. Ibid.,16 16. Ibid.,16 17. Ibid.,16 18. Ibid.,17 19. Ibid.,17 20. Ibid.,17 21. Lawson, Fred. “Hotels and Resorts: Planning and Design and Refurbishment. (1995), 204 22. Ibid.,204 23. Ibid.,204 24. Ibid.,204 25. Ibid.,204 26. Ibid.,204 27. Ibid.,194 28. Ibid.,194 29. Ibid.,194 30. Ibid.,194 31. Ibid.,194 32. Ibid.,194 33. Ibid.,194 34. Ibid.,194 35. Ibid.,194 36. Ibid.,194 37. Ibid.,194 38. “Guide to LEED Certification | U.S. Green Building Council.” Guide to LEED Certification | U.S. Green Building Council. Accessed October 16, 2016. http://www.usgbc.org/cert-guide. 39. Ibid. 40. Davies, Accessible Design for Hospitality,195 41. Ibid.,195 42. Ibid.,195 43. Ibid.,195 44. Ibid.,195 45. Ibid.,14 46. Ibid.,14 47. Ibid.,14 48. Ibid.,53 49. Ibid.,53

IMAGE SOURCES 1. Hotel Lobby .Digital Image.Jetsetbabe.Acessed October 16 2016. http://jetsetbabe.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/the-berkeleyhotel-4.jpg 2. Drawers .Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities. Acessed October 16 2016. 3. Guest Room.Digital Image.Hotels Travel.Acessed October 16 2016. http://www.hotelstravel.com/Europe/BE/Brussels/RadissonBluRoyalHotelBrussels.html 4. Reaching People.Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities.Acessed October 16 2016. 5. Conference Room .Digital Image.11Howard.Acessed October 16 2016. http://www.11howard.com/ 6. Hotel Sign .Digital Image.Hotel Room Search.Acessed October 16 2016. http://www.hotelroomsearch.net/czech-republic/graphic-hotel 7. Sinage.Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities. Acessed October 16 2016. 8. Wheel Chair Counter .Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities.Acessed October 16 2016. 9. Hallway Diagram.Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities.Acessed October 16 2016. 10. Cruches Diagram.Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities.Acessed October 16 2016. 11.Wheel Chair Diagram. Print Image.Acessible Design for Hospitality:ADA Guidelines for Planning Accessible Hotles, Motels, adn Other Recreational Facilities.Acessed October 16 2016.

pg. 97

SECTION 5 NOTES pt.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Locke, Amy. “The Vocabulary of Color: What Colors Mean & How They Affect Your Guests.” Hotelexecutive.com. Accessed October 22, 2016. http://hotelexecutive.com/business_review/2147/. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid.

IMAGE SOURCES pt.1 1. Hotel Lobby. Digital Image. Lobby Space Design. Accessed October 24, 2016. https://www.pinterest.com/rebirthingjenni/lobby-space-design/ 2..Color Wheel. Digital Image. HGTV. Accessed October 24, 2016. http:// hgtvhome.sndimg.com/content/dam/images/hgtv/fullset/2011/7/18/0/ HGTV_Color-Wheel-Saturation_s4x3.jpg.rend.hgtvcom.1280.960.jpeg 3. Calming Hotel Room. Digital Image. International Continental Hotels Group. Accessed October 24, 2016. https://www.ihgplc.com/en/news-and-media/ news-releases/2015/ihg-opens-flagship-even-hotels-property-in-new-yorkcity-quickly-expanding-options-for-wellnessminde

pg. 98

SECTION 5 NOTES pt.2

39. 40. 41. 42.

Nussbaumer, Linda L. Human Factors in the Built Environment. Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. 278

43.

Pullman, Madeline, and Stephani Robson. “Implications - InformeDesign.” Informe Design. Accessed October 30, 2016. http://www.informedesign.org/_news/ june_v03r-p.pdf. Ibid.

45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Ibid. Nussbaumer, Human Factors in the Built Environment, 278 Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign

10. Nussbaumer, Human Factors in the Built Environment, 280 11. Ibid., 280. 12. Ibid., 280. 13. Ibid., 280. 14. Ibid., 280. 15. Ibid., 280. 16. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign 17. Veselinovic, Milena. “The Dark Side of Business Travel.” CNN. November 3, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2016. http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/03/travel/ dark-side-of-business-travel/index.html. 18. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign 19. Ibid. 20. Ibid. 21. Ibid. 22. Ibid. 23. Nussbaumer, Human Factors in the Built Environment, 280 24. Ibid., 280. 25. Ibid., 281. 26. Ibid., 281. 27. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign 28. Ibid. 29. Ibid. 30. Ibid. 31. Ibid. 32. Ibid. 33. Ibid. 34. Rufus ,Anneli. “What Can Hotel Rooms Teach Us?” Psychology Today. October 19, 2012. Accessed October 29, 2016. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/stuck/201210/what-can-hotel-rooms-teach-us. 35. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign 36. Nussbaumer, Human Factors in the Built Environment, 283 37. Ibid., 283. 38. Ibid., 283.

44.

54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69.

Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign Ibid. Ibid. Nussbaumer, Linda L. Human Factors in the Built Environment. Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. 283 Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Ibid., 285. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign Ibid. Nussbaumer, Linda L. Human Factors in the Built Environment. Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. 283 Ibid., 283. Ibid., 283. Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign Ibid. Nussbaumer, Linda L. Human Factors in the Built Environment. Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. 284 Pullman & Robson, Implications-InformeDesign Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Peterson, Andrea. “Secrets To Creating A Better Hotel Room.” The Wall Street Journal. September 30, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2016. http://outsidebroadcast.net/ Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Nussbaumer, Linda L. Human Factors in the Built Environment. Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. 284 Ibid. Rufus ,Anneli. “What Can Hotel Rooms Teach Us?” Psychology Today.

IMAGE SOURCES pt.2 1. Lobby Space, Digital Image, Pintrest. Accessed October 31,2016 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/245657354647352344/ 2. Seating Area, Digital Image, Lithos Design. Accessed October 31,2016http://www.lithosdesign.com/en/the-room 3.

Luxury Suite, Digital Image, Home Goid.Accessed October 31,2016http://homegoid.com/charming-design-art-deco-homeinteriors/beautiful-white-glass-wood4. Cozy Room, Digital Image, 11Howard. Accessed October 31,2016 http://www.11howard.com/

pg. 99

SECTION 6 NOTES

IMAGE SOURCES 1. Philadelphia Skyline, Digital Image. photosbyasm. Accessed November 05 2016. https://photosbyasm.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/dsc_1140.jpg

1. “Philadelphia History.” Infoplease. 2012. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://

www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/us/philadelphia-city-united-states-history. html. 2. Ibid. 3. Ibid. 4. Ibid. 5. “Climate Information for Philadelphia - Pennsylvania - Mid-Atlantic - United States.” Climate Zone. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.climate-zone.com/climate/united-states/pennsylvania/philadelphia/. 6. Ibid. 7. Ibid. 8. Ibid.

9. “Historic Architectural Styles in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Historical and

Museum Commission. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.phmc.state. pa.us/portal/communities/architecture/styles/. 10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 12. Ibid. 13. Ibid. 14. Ibid. 15. Ibid.

16. Ibid. 17. Ibid. 18.“University City.” University City District. 2011. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.universitycity.org/university-city. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid.

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

Ibid. Ibid.

25.“30th Street Station.” Uchs. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.uchs. net/HistoricDistricts/30thstreet.html.

26. “Our Properties: Cira Centre.” Brandywinerealty. Accessed November 05,

2016. http://www.brandywinerealty.com/property/cira-centre-in-philadelphiapa-19104.aspx. 27. Ibid.

28. “30th Street Station.” Uchs.

pg. 100

2. Zoning Map Philadelphia , Digital Image. City of Philadelphia. Accessed November 05 2016. http://www.phila.gov/cityplanning/Pages/default.aspx

3. Suburban Station, Digital Image. amazonaws. Accessed November 05 2016. www.s3.amazonaws.com

4. Old City Row Homes, Digital Image. phillyshomes. Accessed November 05 5.

2016. http://phillyshomes.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/101/2013/02/2230479_ xl.jpg Philadelphia Sections, Digital Image.City of Philadelphia. Accessed November 05 2016. http://www.phila.gov/cityplanning/Pages/default.aspx

6. Row Homes, Digital Image. amazonaws. Accessed November 05 2016. www. s3.amazonaws.com

7. Transit Map, Digital Image.University City District. Accessed November 05 2016. http://www.universitycity.org/sites/default/files/demographics.pdf

8. 30th Street Station, Digital Image. pcpa. Accessed November 05 2016. http:// 9.

pcpa.imgix.net/pcpa_assets/2014/03/cira-centre-phildelphia-pa-brandywine(1). jpg?w=1600&h=1100 University City Zoning, Digital Image.University City District. Accessed November 05 2016. http://www.universitycity.org/sites/default/files/demographics.pdf

10. Cira Centre, Digital Image. orangesmile. Accessed November 05 2016. http://

www.orangesmile.com/common/img_cities_original/philadelphia-20111994-7. jpg

SECTION 7 IMAGE SOURCE 1. Waiting Area, Digital Image. Shangri-la. Accessed November 08 2016. http:// www.shangri-la.com/london/shangrila/

SECTION 8 NOTES 1. “Cira Centre.” Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects. 2010. Accessed

November 20, 2016. http://pcparch.com/pcpa_assets/2011/10/ pcpa_fact_sheet_cira_centre.pdf. 2. Ibid.

Ibid.

IMAGE SOURCES 1.

Cira at Sunset. Digital Image. Media Biz. Accessed November 21 2016. http://media.bizj.us/view/img/6645282/cira-centre-skyline*1200xx3000-1688-0-157.jpg

CiraConsturction. Digital Image.Canam Heavy. Accessed November 21 2016. https://www.canamheavy.com/projects/

Cira Lobby. Digital Image.Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects. Accessed November 21 2016. http://pcparch.com/pcpa_assets/2011/10/pcpa_fact_sheet_cira_centre.pdf

Cira Full View. Digital Image.Weekend Reflections.Accessed November 21 2016. http://weekendreflection.blogspot. com/2011/04/cira-centre-sunset-weekend-reflections.html

SECTION 9 IMAGE SOURCES 1. Love Park, Digital Image. phltours. Accessed November 29 2016. http://phltours.com/city-tours-attractions/attractions/

2. 60’s Lobby, Digital Image. iranews. Accessed November 29 2016. http:// iranews.net/sm/213621178/professional-3d-architectural/213621/

3. Waiting area all white , Digital Image.Archilovers. Accessed November 29

2016. http://www.archilovers.com/projects/40311/mandarin-oriental-barcelona.html

BIBLIOGRAPY & APPENDIX IMAGE SOURCE 1. Philadelphia Skyline, Digital Image.City of Philadelphia. Accessed November 29 2016. http://www.phila.gov/Pages/default.aspx

pg. 101

BIBLIOGRAPY “30th Street Station.” Uchs. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.uchs.net/HistoricDistricts/30thstreet.html. By the Early Nineteenth Century, Kolkata Was Split into Two Distinct Areas.”Kolkata.” - New World Encyclopedia. Accessed October 01, 2016. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Kolkata.

“Climate Information for Philadelphia - Pennsylvania - Mid-Atlantic - United States.” Climate Zone. Accessed November 05, 2016. “Chrome Hotel, Kolkata, India.” WAN:: Chrome Hotel by Sanjay Puri Architects in Kolkata, India. April 07, 2011. Accessed September 29, 2016. http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/project/2011/16350/sanjay-puri-architects/chrome-hotel-in-kolkata.html. “Chrome Hotel / Sanjay Puri Architects.” ArchDaily. November 28, 2011. Accessed September 30, 2016. http://www.archdaily. com/186661/chrome-hotel-sanjay-puri-architects. D’Andrea, Kristen. “Extended-Stay Hotels a Hot Trend on L.I.” Long Island Business News (2011)ProQuest. Web. 23 June 2016. Faris, C. (1993). Sleeping well...and also computing, faxing, exercising, ironing and barbecuing. hotels strive to keep up with business travelers’ needs. Indiana Business Magazine, 37(10), 23. Accessed September 05, 2016. https://ezproxy.philau.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy. philau.edu/docview/213143651?accountid=28402 Geiergger,Elke, and Arlett Oehmichen. “A Home for the Modern Nomad: Extended Stay Hotels.” Journal of Retail & Leisure Property 7.3 (2008): 216-33. ProQuest. Web. 23 June 2016. “Guide to LEED Certification | U.S. Green Building Council.” Guide to LEED Certification | U.S. Green Building Council. Accessed October 16, 2016. http://www.usgbc.org/cert-guide. “Historic Architectural Styles in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Accessed November 05, 2016. http:// www.phmc.state.pa.us/portal/communities/architecture/styles/. “International Business Travel Statistics | American Express Global Business Travel.” Content Hub. American Express, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.

pg. 102

BIBLIOGRAPY Lawson, Fred. “Hotels and Resorts: Planning and Design and Refurbishment. 1995. Levy-Bonvin, By Jacques. “Hospitality Net - Hotels | A Brief History - By Jacques Levy-Bonvin.” Hospitality Net. December 15, 2003. Accessed September 05, 2016. http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4017990.html.

Locke, Amy. “The Vocabulary of Color: What Colors Mean & How They Affect Your Guests.” Hotelexecutive.com. Accessed October 22, 2016. http://hotelexecutive.com/business_review/2147/. Long, George. English Inns and Road-houses. London: T.W. Laurie, 1937. Marshall, Patrick. “Traveling to Philadelphia for Business? What You Should Know.” Business Travel Destinations. N.p., 10 Sept. 2014. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. MINCH, MORGAN. “Hotels up technology to meet business travelers’ needs.” Washington Business Journal 27 Oct. 2000: 67. Accessed September 05, 2016 http://bi.galegroup.com.ezproxy.philau.edu/global/article/GALE%7CA66682002/623dca1dbe61b1e0f7aaf4b “Neighborhood - Meatpacking District Official Website.” Meatpacking District Official Website Neighborhood Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2016. “Number of Business and Leisure Travelers U.S. 2008-2020 | Statistic.” Statista. The Statistics Portal, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. Nussbaumer, Linda L. Human Factors in the Built Environment. Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. “Our Properties: Cira Centre.” Brandywinerealty. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.brandywinerealty.com/property/cira-cen tre-in-philadelphia-pa-19104.aspx. Peterson, Andrea. “Secrets To Creating A Better Hotel Room.” The Wall Street Journal. September 30, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2016. http://outsidebroadcast.net/tag/secrets-to-creating-a-better-hotel-room. “Philadelphia History.” Infoplease. 2012. Accessed November 05, 2016. http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/us/philadel phia-city-united-states-history.html.

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Special Thanks to My Captstone Commitee: Captstone R&P Professor: Lisa Phillips, IIDA Associate Professor at Philadelphia University E: phillipsl@philau.edu

Advisor: Dorthy Furey Account Manager at EXECUSTAY E: dfurey@execustayphila.com

Captstone Professor: Lauren Baumbach,AIA, IIDA,NCIDQ, IDEC Director & Associate Professor at Philadelphia University E:baumbachl@philau.edu

Advisor: Amanda Laoye Manager at Homewood Suites E: amanda.laoye@hhmlp.com

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EXTENDED STAY

HOTEL TAIJSHA BAILE Y Capstone Research and Programming Fall 2016