PG191039 : MUP : Foundation Program 2019 Tamanna Parvin
An Affair with Bazaar... an insight into the evolution of Kalupur (Old City) as the commercial core in Ahmedabad
Introduction Precinct E4_14 is located about 6.5km from CEPT University Campus. The site is located in the central commercial zone of the Old City.
WEST AHMEDABAD
CEPT UNIVERSITY
E4_14
R
I VE R ATI RM
SA
BA
EAST AHMEDABAD
One of the key factors behind the development and growth of a city is the Economic sectors. The basic module behind these sectors are the Jobs generated and how they are related and dependent on each other directly and indirectly. The site of Kalupur in the Central Zone of Ahmedabad is situated next to the Kalupur Railway Station. The precinct falls into the walled city which evolved and formed more than 400 years ago. Throughout the time the walled city has attracted huge amounts of Traders and Businessmen from all around Ahmedabad and Gujarat. One of the reasons being its identity of being a self-sustainable city where heterogeneous work activity helps create job opportunities for everyone. This attracted traders from around who migrated into this zone for SelfEmployment majorly. This gradually created a demand for casual labour work and hence labour market developed quickly.
Preface In the present world of competition there a nice of existence in which those are having the will to come forward wicked. Project is like a bridge between theoretical and practical working and With this willing, I proceeded with this particular project of Understanding the city where a precinct area of 1 sq.km. was appointed to every individual for detailed and critical analysis of the area on Urban Planning terms. First of all, I would like to thank the supreme power the Almighty God who is the one has always led me to work on the one has always guided me to work on the right path of life. Without his grace, this project could not become a reality. Next to him are my parents, whom I am greatly indebted for me brought up with Love and encouragement to this stage. I am feeling oblige in taking the opportunity to sincerely thanks to Mr Rutul Joshi (Coordinator of UTC 20019) and special thanks to my Faculty in charge Mr Umesh Shurpali and Teaching Assistant Ms Anu James for their invaluable guidance and inputs into my projects. Moreover, I am highly obliged to taking the opportunity to sincerely thanks to the planning department of CEPT University for their generous attitude and wonderful facilitation. At last but not least am thankful to all my friends who have encouraged me throughout the year.
Content
1 History & Evolution 6 Essence 11 Old & Notable 18 Dense & Compact 21 Walkable Mesh 26 Intense Socialization 35 Trading Pool
History & Evolution
• history & evolution
On the banks of Sabarmati River, Sultan Ahmed Shah I laid the foundation of Ahmedabad, Manek Burj and Manek Chowk, Ganeshbari, Bhadra Fort, Muhurt Pol and Jama Masjid.
Mr. Dunlop, British Collector of Kaira took over the city and thus came the end of Maratha rule, Union Jack hoisted on Bhadra.
Repairs to city walls by citizens’ committee, first seeds of local self Government.
1411 1800s 16th & 17th Century Mughal Rule
01
Expansion beyond walls of Old City
the
history & evolution First Textile Mill started by late Mr. Ranchhodlal Chhotalal, the pioneer of Mill Industry.
Construction Station.
of
Concentration of Banias, Brahmans other higher castes in Old City for Trading
Expansion of Communication Lines for Trade & Commerce
Railway
Ahmedabad existence.
Municipality
came
into
Mid 20th Century
1850s 1947 Calico Mills was started by Sheth Karamchand Premchand.
Construction of first road – Gandhi Road.
city
&
Trade links not only throughout Gujarat but also throughout India.
Bus Transport Service under Municipal control
Independence day celebrated. Tricolor Flag on Bhadra fort after 130 years.
02
• history & evolution 92 km² of new area merged with Municipal Corporation on Eastern Periphery. Directed the aspirations of Higher class beyond the City Walls
Saturation of Economic and population geography in OLd City
Quarter 20th Century
1986
1996 1991
1971
Infective Development in Service & Infrastructure
policies
AMC sets up Heritage Cell for Preservation and Restoration of Heritage sites
Decline phase of Textile Industry
Loss of Jobs
Informalization claimed space traditional BAZAARS of Old City
in
Old City turns into the Poorer segment of the Urban Territory. DisturbedAreaAct
03
history & evolution HUDCO provides subsidy Building Repair Loan
First Heritage Walk
Kalupur Railway Station becomes the major point of Commuting for the whole city. This becomes one of the high traffic zone in the city. Commercial belt along the major Roads.
GDCR (General Development Control Regulations) prohibiting Listed Heritage Property to be pulled down without permission.
1997
2001
2003
2002 Communal Riot
MoU signed by AMC & French Govt. for documentation of Walled City.
Collaboration with HUDCO for preservation via publicprivate partnership project
in
2005 Urban Development Year Commercial & Residential Load keeps increasing on limited Physical Infrastructure
Introduction of CNG Buses
04
• history & evolution Urban Poor rehabilitated under BSUP (Basic Services for Urban Poor) Programme under JNURM
Commercialisation of Slums and concentration of power on Slumlords
GRUDA (Gujrat Regularization Unauthorized Development Act)
of
AMC with the assistance of state government and Gujarat State Archaeological Department is giving 50% grant for facade restoration
2011
2006 2009 SFCoA (Slum Free City Plan of Action) under RAY (Rajiv Awas Yojna)
BRTS Corridor
05
2013 AUDA incorporated TDR (Transfer of Development Rights) policy in which owners of old Heritage properties could sell, transfer or lease out additional FSI
Chunnam & Surji structure or load bearing cum wooden construction & foundation are vulnerable to new construction; Lack of technical expertise
2017
“Historic City of Ahemedabad” declared as World Heritage site by UNESCO
Essence
• essence
Gandhi Road
06
Relief Road
essence
07
• essence
Business promotes social interaction at an informal level
08
essence Streets known for specific category of products
Chappal selling street
Eateries and Plastic accessories selling Street
09
• essence Looking for potential customers
10
Old & Notable
• old & notable Building Typology
Attached Row Housing (Type 1) Plot Area: 30 sq.m. Building Footprint: 60sq.m. Ground Coverage: 30sq.m.
F.S.I.: 2 Building Age: Over 40 years
11
Attached Row Housing (Type 2) Plot Area: 45.6 sq.m. Building Footprint: 80 sq.m. Ground Coverage: 40 sq.m. F.S.I.: 1.75 Building Age: Over 40 years
old & notable
Apartments Plot Area: 71.28 sq.m. Building Footprint: 285.12 sq.m. Ground Coverage: 71.28 sq.m. F.S.I.: 4 Building Age: Over 40 years
Semi Detached Housing
Plot Area: 36.35 sq.m. Building Footprint: 43.90 sq.m. Ground Coverage: 25.11 sq.m. F.S.I.: 1.2 Building Age: Over 40 years
12
• old & notable
Informal Outlet (Mixed Use) Plot Area: 24 sq.m. Building Footprint: 48 sq.m. Ground Coverage: 24 sq.m. F.S.I.: 2 Building Age: Over 40 years
13
Market Complex
Plot Area: 80 sq.m. Building Footprint: 400 sq.m. Ground Coverage: 80 sq.m. F.S.I.: 5 Building Age: Over 40 years
old & notable
Legend E4_14
Buildings_E4_14 <all other values>
Building_Use Commercial Industrial Institutional Mixed Use Public Utility Religious Residential
Building Typology & Built Use Maps
±
0
50
100
200
300
Meters 400
Commercial
Institutional
Mixed Use
Public Utility
Religious
Residential
1812
3
2733
54
47
1824
14
C ommercialization
C ommunity Fabric
Accessibility
Efficient use of Land through planning but doesn’t Resonate with the Modern Requirements. Social Character has changed. Panch (local body of a Pol) is no longer there. Community Participation. Warehouses coming up inside the pols greatly disturbed the residential character.
Security
Building Use Transformation
House Prices
• old & notable
Commercial Ingression + Vertical Expansion
Before Riots & Immigration for Commercial Activity
Encroachment of open spaces into Unplanned use
15
C ommercialization
C ommunity Fabric
Accessibility
Certain aspects of the Tax structure do not favour heritage conservation. For example, Chabutaras (bird feeder) are considered as commercial buildings & heritage value being locked up and left to ruin.
House Prices
Interior Houses used to be costlier than the houses on the Road but now it’s viceversa Due to Commercialisation & Need for easy Access = Commercial Ingressing
After Riots & Immigration for Commercial Activity
old & notable Identity Makers
Heritage Points
Police Station/ Chowki
Masjid
Railway Station
Mandir
Hospital
Derasar
16
• old & notable Landmarks, Nodes, Districts, Paths & Edges
17
Dense & Compact
• dense & compact Fine-Grained Organic Urban Fabric
18
dense & compact Higher Built Ratio B
Open Area
Built Up Area
37%
63%
A A
No Vacant Land
B
Section AA
Section BB
19
• dense & compact Dense Demographics & Saturated Built Space Kalupur: Ward 03 Population: Negative Growth Rate = -0.7
2001 2011
%
0
10000
30000
Po pulation
50000
70000
0
10000
Literac y
20000
30000
40000
50000
Literacy Govt. Ser vices 2 % Private Ser vices 13% Business 16% Unemployment 4% Student 20% Housewife 32 % Others 13% EW S 28% LIG 47% MIG 21% HIG 4%
20
AMTS Route s GSRT C Route s BRTS Corridor East-West Metro Corridor
Walkable Mesh
• walkable mesh Road Heirarchy
Node & Link
Total Street Density: 392.19 m/ha Node Density: 8.84 nodes/ha
Percentage under Streets: 16.35% Link Node Ratio: 1.65
Connected Node Ratio: 0.78
21
The higher node density provides a Better scope for connectivity in the Organic pattern of the Urban fabric.
walkable mesh Block Area
Road Width
There is a sense of uniformity is maintained inside the walls of the Old city. The roads in there have an uniformity among itself in terms of width and hierarchy. The difference is observed only on the major motorized roads passing through the site towards the railway station. This uniformity of roads provide equal importance to the houses and help create similar pathway for the accessibility
The major chunk of block as indicated is only on the outside of the old city wall, whereas inside the walls we can observe a pattern of smaller blocks, which creates small secured pockets of land with secured connectivity 22
• walkable mesh Foothpath
Encroachment
Total Footpath Percentage: 18.81%
Encroachment over Foothpath opens up the scope
Footpath Percentage (greater than 1.8m): 9.13%
buyers Due to lack of open spaces streets become the natural bearer for any informal activity
Footpath Percentage (less than 1.8m): 90.87%
23
for informal trading and hence attracts potential
walkable mesh Capacity of the Streets
24
• walkable mesh Working Zone is distributed like a Fine Mesh into the Residential Area
Walkable Distance to Work Modes of Transport: Walking + 2 Wheelers
25
Street Section of Relief Road
Intense Socialization
• intense socialization
Private Space
63% Area under Streets
19% Public Realm
18% Area under Public Space
11%
26
intense socialization Public Realm in all sizes
27
• intense socialization An Agglomeration of Strangers
28
intense socialization Bazaars- Rich Public Realm in Old Ahmedabad
29
• intense socialization Diversity
30
intense socialization Diversity
31
• intense socialization Re-imagining Kalupur Tower Junction
32
intense socialization Insight into the functionality of the Public Realm
33
• intense socialization Ground Floor Use
Majority Commercial depicts the orientation Commerce and Trade 34
Space towards
Trading Pool
• trading pool
35
trading pool
Majority of the precinct and work force behind it is the unskilled labour market which also acts as a major attraction point for migrants and people around the city. 36
• trading pool Looking at enterprises of similar or same typology of work inspires people who have interest and skill majorly in that particular field. This increases competition in the market for the particular product and hence it improves the product delivered to the customer. Unskilled labour and self-employment are the dominating category of choice of work in this precinct.
37
trading pool
38
• trading pool
Most of the transaction of work happens locally. And the genre of work that they deal with is so rooted into the area since years that it is strong and delivers an identity 39
to the area. This does increase its valuation in the local and the state market.
trading pool
40
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