Taxmann's Companies Act with Rules | POCKET | HARDBOUND

LIST OF RULES/REGULATIONS

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF RULES/REGULATIONS

I-15

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF RULES/REGULATIONS

CHAPTER IX ACCOUNTS OF COMPANIES

90Books of account, etc., to be kept by company.

91128.92 (1) Every company shall prepare and keep at its registered office books of account and other relevant books and papers and financial statement for every financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of the affairs of the company, including that of its branch office or offices, if any, and explain the transactions effected both at the registered office and its branches and such books shall be kept on accrual basis and according to the double entry system of accounting:

Provided that all or any of the books of account aforesaid and other relevant papers may be kept at such other place in India as the Board of Directors may decide and where such a decision is taken, the company shall, within seven days thereof, file with the Registrar a notice93 in writing giving the full address of that other place:

Provided further that the company may keep such books of account or other relevant papers in electronic mode in such manner as may be prescribed94

(2) Where a company has a branch office in India or outside India, it shall be deemed to have complied with the provisions of sub-section (1), if proper books of account relating to the transactions effected at the branch office are kept at that office and proper summarised returns periodically are sent by the branch office to the company at its registered office or the other place referred to in sub-section (1).

(3) The books of account and other books and papers95 maintained by the company within India shall be open for inspection at the registered office of the company or at such other place in India by any director during business hours, and in the case of financial information, if any, maintained outside the country, copies of such financial information shall be maintained and produced for inspection by any director subject to such conditions as may be prescribed96: Provided that the inspection in respect of any subsidiary of the company shall be done only by the person authorised in this behalf by a resolution of the Board of Directors.

(4) Where an inspection is made under sub-section (3), the officers and other employees of the company shall give to the person making such inspection all

90.Corresponds to sections 209 and 214 of the 1956 Act.

91.Enforced with effect from 1-4-2014.

92. See also SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015 and Table F of Schedule I.

93. See rule 2A and Form No. AOC 5 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2015 (Division Two).

94. See rule 3 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Division Two).

95.For meaning of the expression “books of account and other books and papers”, see Appendix II

96. See rule 4 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Division Two).

assistance in connection with the inspection which the company may reasonably be expected to give.

(5) The books of account of every company relating to a period of not less than eight financial years immediately preceding a financial year, or where the company had been in existence for a period less than eight years, in respect of all the preceding years together with the vouchers relevant to any entry in such books of account shall be kept in good order:

Provided that where an investigation has been ordered in respect of the company under Chapter XIV, the Central Government may direct that the books of account may be kept for such longer period as it may deem fit.

(6) If the managing director, the whole-time director in charge of finance, the Chief Financial Officer or any other person of a company charged by the Board with the duty of complying with the provisions of this section, contravenes such provisions, such managing director, whole-time director in charge of finance, Chief Financial officer or such other person of the company shall be punishable 96a[***] with fine which shall not be less than fifty thousand rupees but which may extend to five lakh rupees 96b[***].

97Financial statement98 .

99129.1 (1) The financial statements shall give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company or companies, comply with the accounting standards notified under section 133 and shall be in the form or forms as may be provided for different class or classes of companies in Schedule III2:

Provided that the items contained in such financial statements shall be in accordance with the accounting standards:

Provided further that nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply to any insurance or banking company or any company engaged in the generation or supply of electricity, or to any other class of company for which a form of financial statement has been specified in or under the Act governing such class of company:

Provided also that the financial statements shall not be treated as not disclosing a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company, merely by reason of the fact that they do not disclose—

96a.Words “with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or” omitted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020, w.e.f. 21-12-2020.

96b.Words “or with both” omitted, ibid.

97.Corresponds to sections 210 and 211 of the 1956 Act.

98. See also SS-3 : Secretarial Standard on Dividend (See Division Three). See also SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

99.Enforced with effect from 1-4-2014.

1.In case of Government Companies, section 129 shall not apply to the companies engaged in defence production to the extent of application of relevant Accounting Standard on segment reporting - Notification No. GSR 463(E), dated 5-6-2015.

2. See rule 4A of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Division Two).

(

(a)in the case of an insurance company, any matters which are not required to be disclosed by the Insurance Act, 1938 (4 of 1938), or the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999 (41 of 1999);

(

b)in the case of a banking company, any matters which are not required to be disclosed by the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of 1949);

(

c)in the case of a company engaged in the generation or supply of electricity, any matters which are not required to be disclosed by the Electricity Act, 2003 (36 of 2003);

d)in the case of a company governed by any other law for the time being in force, any matters which are not required to be disclosed by that law.

(2) At every annual general meeting of a company, the Board of Directors of the company shall lay before such meeting financial statements for the financial year.

3[(3)3a Where a company has one or more subsidiaries or associate companies, it shall, in addition to financial statements provided under sub-section (2), prepare a consolidated financial statement of the company and of all the subsidiaries and associate companies in the same form and manner as that of its own and in accordance with applicable accounting standards, which shall also be laid before the annual general meeting of the company along with the laying of its financial statement under sub-section (2):

Provided that the company shall also attach along with its financial statement, a separate statement containing the salient features of the financial statement of its subsidiary or subsidiaries and associate company or companies in such form as may be prescribed4:

Provided further that the Central Government may provide for the consolidation of accounts of companies in such manner as may be prescribed5.]

3.Substituted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2017, w.e.f. 7-5-2018. Prior to its substitution, sub-section (3) read as under :

‘(3) Where a company has one or more subsidiaries, it shall, in addition to financial statements provided under sub-section (2), prepare a consolidated financial statement of the company and of all the subsidiaries in the same form and manner as that of its own which shall also be laid before the annual general meeting of the company along with the laying of its financial statement under sub-section (2):

Provided that the company shall also attach along with its financial statement, a separate statement containing the salient features of the financial statement of its subsidiary or subsidiaries in such form as may be prescribed:

Provided further that the Central Government may provide for the consolidation of accounts of companies in such manner as may be prescribed.

Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, the word “subsidiary” shall include associate company and joint venture.’

3a. See also SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

4. See rule 5 and Form No. AOC-1 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Division Two).

5. See rule 6 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Division Two). See also Circular No. 39/ 2014, dated 14-10-2014 [Clarification on matters relating to consolidated financial statement] (Division Three)

1.151 CH. IX : ACCOUNTS OF COMPANIES S. 129

(4) The provisions of this Act applicable to the preparation, adoption and audit of the financial statements of a holding company shall, mutatis mutandis, apply to the consolidated financial statements referred to in sub-section (3).

(5) Without prejudice to sub-section (1), where the financial statements of a company do not comply with the accounting standards referred to in subsection (1), the company shall disclose in its financial statements, the deviation from the accounting standards, the reasons for such deviation and the financial effects, if any, arising out of such deviation.

(6) The Central Government may, on its own or on an application by a class or classes of companies, by notification6, exempt any class or classes of companies from complying with any of the requirements of this section or the rules made thereunder, if it is considered necessary to grant such exemption in the public interest and any such exemption may be granted either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as may be specified in the notification.

(7) If a company contravenes the provisions of this section, the managing director, the whole-time director in charge of finance, the Chief Financial Officer or any other person charged by the Board with the duty of complying with the requirements of this section and in the absence of any of the officers mentioned above, all the directors shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine which shall not be less than fifty thousand rupees but which may extend to five lakh rupees, or with both.

Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, except where the context otherwise requires, any reference to the financial statement shall include any notes annexed to or forming part of such financial statement, giving information required to be given and allowed to be given in the form of such notes under this Act.

6a[Periodical financial results.6b

129A. The Central Government may, require such class or classes of unlisted companies, as may be prescribed,—

(

a )to prepare the financial results of the company on such periodical basis and in such form as may be prescribed;

(

b)to obtain approval of the Board of Directors and complete audit or limited review of such periodical financial results in such manner as may be prescribed; and

(

c)file a copy with the Registrar within a period of thirty days of completion of the relevant period with such fees as may be prescribed.]

6.For exemptions granted to Government companies engaged in production of Defence Equipments, see Notification No. [F.No. 1/19/2013-CL-V-Part], dated 4-9-2015 and Application of AS 22 and IAS 12, see Notification No. 529(E), dated 5-2-2018 (See Division Three).

6a.Inserted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020, w.e.f. 22-1-2021.

6b. See also SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

Re-opening of accounts on court’s or Tribunal’s orders.

7130. (1) A company shall not re-open its books of account and not recast its financial statements, unless an application8 in this regard is made by the Central Government, the Income-tax authorities, the Securities and Exchange Board, any other statutory regulatory body or authority or any person concerned and an order is made by a court of competent jurisdiction or the Tribunal to the effect that—

(

i)the relevant earlier accounts were prepared in a fraudulent manner; or

(ii)the affairs of the company were mismanaged during the relevant period, casting a doubt on the reliability of financial statements:

Provided that the court or the Tribunal, as the case may be, shall give notice to the Central Government, the Income-tax authorities, the Securities and Exchange Board or any other statutory regulatory body or authority concerned 9[or any other person concerned] and shall take into consideration the representations, if any, made by that Government or the authorities, Securities and Exchange Board or the body or authority concerned 9[or the other person concerned] before passing any order under this section.

(2) Without prejudice to the provisions contained in this Act the accounts so revised or re-cast under sub-section (1) shall be final.

9[(3) No order shall be made under sub-section (1) in respect of re-opening of books of account relating to a period earlier than eight financial years immediately preceding the current financial year:

Provided that where a direction has been issued by the Central Government under the proviso to sub-section (5) of section 128 for keeping of books of account for a period longer than eight years, the books of account may be ordered to be re-opened within such longer period.]

Voluntary revision of financial statements or Board’s report.

10131. (1) If it appears to the directors of a company that—

(

a)the financial statement of the company; or

(

b)the report of the Board, do not comply with the provisions of section 129 or section 134 they may prepare revised financial statement or a revised report in respect of any of the three preceding financial years after obtaining approval of the Tribunal on an application11 made by the company in such form and manner as may be

7.Enforced with effect from 1-6-2016.

8. See rule 76A and Form No. NCLT-9 and Annexure B of the NCLT Rules, 2016 (Division Two). Prescribed fees under National Company Law Tribunal Rules, 2016 is Rs. 5,000 (Application for re-opening of books of account, if made by any person other than Central Government, Income Tax authorities, SEBI or any other statutory regulatory body or authority).

9.Inserted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2017, w.e.f. 9-2-2018.

10.Enforced with effect from 1-6-2016.

11. See rules 77 and 85 and Form No. NCLT-1 and Annexure B of the NCLT Rules, 2016 (Division Two). Prescribed fees under National Company Law Tribunal Rules, 2016 is Rs. 5,000 (Application by company for voluntary revision of financial statement on Board’s report).

prescribed and a copy of the order passed by the Tribunal shall be filed with the Registrar:

Provided that the Tribunal shall give notice to the Central Government and the Income-tax authorities and shall take into consideration the representations, if any, made by that Government or the authorities before passing any order under this section:

Provided further that such revised financial statement or report shall not be prepared or filed more than once in a financial year:

Provided also that the detailed reasons for revision of such financial statement or report shall also be disclosed in the Board’s report in the relevant financial year in which such revision is being made.

(2) Where copies of the previous financial statement or report have been sent out to members or delivered to the Registrar or laid before the company in general meeting, the revisions must be confined to—

(

a )the correction in respect of which the previous financial statement or report do not comply with the provisions of section 129 or section 134; and

(

b)the making of any necessary consequential alternation.

(3) The Central Government may make rules as to the application of the provisions of this Act in relation to revised financial statement or a revised director’s report and such rules may, in particular—

(

a )make different provisions according to which the previous financial statement or report are replaced or are supplemented by a document indicating the corrections to be made;

(

b)make provisions with respect to the functions of the company’s auditor in relation to the revised financial statement or report;

(

c)require the directors to take such steps as may be prescribed.

12Constitution of National Financial Reporting Authority.

13132. 14(1) The Central Government may, by notification, constitute a National Financial Reporting Authority15 to provide for matters relating to accounting and auditing standards under this Act.

16[(1A) The National Financial Reporting Authority shall perform its functions through such divisions as may be prescribed.]

17(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the National Financial Reporting Authority shall—

12.Corresponds to section 210A of the 1956 Act.

13.Sub-sections (3) and (11) of section 132 enforced with effect from 21-3-2018. Sub-sections (1) and (12) of section 132 enforced with effect from 1-10-2018. Sub-sections (2), (4), (5), (10), (13), (14) and (15) of section 132 enforced with effect from 24-10-2018.

14.Sub-section (1) of section 132 enforced with effect from 1-10-2018.

15.National Financial Reporting Authority shall be constituted with effect from 1-10-2018.— Vide Notification No. SO 5099(E), dated 1-10-2018. For NFRA’s Circulars, see Division Three

16.Inserted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019, w.e.f. 15-8-2019.

17.Sub-section (2) of section 132 enforced with effect from 24-10-2018.

(

(a)make recommendations to the Central Government on the formulation and laying down of accounting and auditing policies and standards for adoption by companies or class of companies or their auditors, as the case may be;

(

b)monitor and enforce the compliance with accounting standards and auditing standards in such manner as may be prescribed;

(

c)oversee the quality of service of the professions associated with ensuring compliance with such standards, and suggest measures required for improvement in quality of services and such other related matters as may be prescribed; and

d)perform such other functions relating to clauses (a), (b) and (c) as may be prescribed18

19(3) The National Financial Reporting Authority shall consist of a chairperson, who shall be a person of eminence and having expertise in accountancy, auditing, finance or law to be appointed by the Central Government and such other members not exceeding fifteen consisting of part-time and full-time members as may be prescribed20:

Provided that the terms and conditions and the manner of appointment of the chairperson and members shall be such as may be prescribed:

Provided further that the chairperson and members shall make a declaration to the Central Government in the prescribed form regarding no conflict of interest or lack of independence in respect of his or their appointment:

Provided also that the chairperson and members, who are in full-time employment with National Financial Reporting Authority shall not be associated with any audit firm (including related consultancy firms) during the course of their appointment and two years after ceasing to hold such appointment.

21[(3A) Each division of the National Financial Reporting Authority shall be presided over by the Chairperson or a full-time Member authorised by the Chairperson.

(3B) There shall be an executive body of the National Financial Reporting Authority consisting of the Chairperson and full-time Members of such Authority for efficient discharge of its functions under sub-section (2) [other than clause (a)] and sub-section (4).]

22(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the National Financial Reporting Authority shall— (a)have the power to investigate, either suo motu or on a reference made to it by the Central Government, for such class of bodies corporate or persons, in such manner as may be prescribed23 into the matters of

18. See National Financial Reporting Authority Rules, 2018 (Division Two).

19.Sub-section (3) of section 132 enforced with effect from 21-3-2018.

20. See also National Financial Reporting Authority (Manner of Appointment and other Terms and Conditions of Service of Chairperson and Members) Rules, 2018 (See Division Two). See also National Financial Reporting Authority appointment of Part-time members Rules, 2022 (Division Two)

21.Inserted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019, w.e.f. 15-8-2019.

22.Sub-section (4) of section 132 enforced with effect from 24-10-2018.

23. See National Financial Reporting Authority Rules, 2018 (Division Two).

(

professional or other misconduct committed by any member or firm of chartered accountants, registered under the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (38 of 1949):

Provided that no other institute or body shall initiate or continue any proceedings in such matters of misconduct where the National Financial Reporting Authority has initiated an investigation under this section;

b)have the same powers as are vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), while trying a suit, in respect of the following matters, namely:—

(i)discovery and production of books of account and other documents, at such place and at such time as may be specified by the National Financial Reporting Authority;

(ii)summoning and enforcing the attendance of persons and examining them on oath;

(iii)inspection of any books, registers and other documents of any person referred to in clause (b) at any place;

(

iv)issuing commissions for examination of witnesses or documents;

(

c)where professional or other misconduct is proved, have the power to make order for—

(A)imposing penalty of—

I.not less than one lakh rupees, but which may extend to five times of the fees received, in case of individuals; and

II.not less than 24[five lakh rupees], but which may extend to ten times of the fees received, in case of firms;

25[(B) debarring the member or the firm from—

I.being appointed as an auditor or internal auditor or undertaking any audit in respect of financial statements or internal audit of the functions and activities of any company or body corporate; or

II.performing any valuation as provided under section 247, for a minimum period of six months or such higher period not exceeding ten years as may be determined by the National Financial Reporting Authority.]

24.Substituted for “ten lakh rupees” by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2017, w.e.f. 9-2-2018.

25.Substituted by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019, w.e.f. 15-8-2019. Prior to its substitution, sub-clause (B) read as under :

“(B)debarring the member or the firm from engaging himself or itself from practice as member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India referred to in clause (e) of sub-section (1) of section 2* of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (38 of 1949) for a minimum period of six months or for such higher period not exceeding ten years as may be decided by the National Financial Reporting Authority.”

*For text of section 2(1)(e)/22 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949, see Appendix I.

1.157 CH. IX : ACCOUNTS OF COMPANIES S. 132

Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, the expression “professional or other misconduct” shall have the same meaning assigned to it under section 2226 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (38 of 1949).

27(5) Any person aggrieved by any order of the National Financial Reporting Authority issued under clause (c) of sub-section (4), may prefer an appeal before 28[the Appellate Tribunal in such manner and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed].

(6) to (9) 29[***]

30(10) The National Financial Reporting Authority shall meet at such times and places and shall observe such rules of procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its meetings in such manner as may be prescribed31

32(11) The Central Government may appoint a secretary and such other employees as it may consider necessary for the efficient performance of functions by the National Financial Reporting Authority under this Act and the terms and conditions of service of the secretary and employees shall be such as may be prescribed33

34(12) The head office of the National Financial Reporting Authority shall be at New Delhi and the National Financial Reporting Authority may, meet at such other places in India as it deems fit.

26.For text of section 22 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949, see Appendix I

27.Sub-section (5) of section 132 enforced with effect from 24-10-2018.

28.Substituted for “the Appellate Authority constituted under sub-section (6) in such manner as may be prescribed” by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2017, w.e.f. 9-2-2018.

29.Omitted, ibid. Prior to their omission, sub-sections (6) to (9) read as under :

“(6) The Central Government may, by notification, constitute, with effect from such date as may be specified therein, an Appellate Authority consisting of a chairperson and not more than two other members, to be appointed by the Central Government, for hearing appeals arising out of the orders of the National Financial Reporting Authority.

(7) The qualifications for appointment of the chairperson and members of the Appellate Authority, the manner of selection, the terms and conditions of their service and the requirement of the supporting staff and procedure (including places of hearing the appeals, form and manner in which the appeals shall be filed) to be followed by the Appellate Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.

(8) The fee for filing the appeal shall be such as may be prescribed.

(9) The officer authorised by the Appellate Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time as may be prescribed its annual report giving a full account of its activities and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government and the Central Government shall cause the annual report to be laid before each House of Parliament.”

30.Sub-section (10) of section 132 enforced with effect from 24-10-2018.

31. See National Financial Reporting Authority (Meeting for Transaction of Business) Rules, 2019 (See Division Two).

32.Sub-section (11) of section 132 enforced with effect from 21-3-2018.

33. See National Financial Reporting Authority (Recruitment, Salary, Allowances and Other Terms and Conditions of Service of Secretary, Officers and Other Employees of Authority) Rules, 2019 (See Division Two).

34.Sub-section (12) of section 132 enforced with effect from 1-10-2018.

35(13) The National Financial Reporting Authority shall cause to be maintained such books of account and other books in relation to its accounts in such form and in such manner as the Central Government may, in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India prescribe.

35(14) The accounts of the National Financial Reporting Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India at such intervals as may be specified by him and such accounts as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India together with the audit report thereon shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government by the National Financial Reporting Authority.

35(15) The National Financial Reporting Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time for each financial year as may be prescribed its annual report giving a full account of its activities during the financial year and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government and the Central Government shall cause the annual report and the audit report given by the Comptroller and AuditorGeneral of India to be laid before each House of Parliament.

36Central Government to prescribe accounting standards37 .

38133. The Central Government may prescribe the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto, as recommended by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, constituted under section 339 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (38 of 1949), in consultation with and after examination of the recommendations made by the National Financial Reporting Authority :

40[Provided that until the National Financial Reporting Authority is constituted under section 132 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013), the Central Government may prescribe the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto, as recommended by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, constituted under section 3 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (38 of 1949), in consultation with and after examination of the recommendations made by National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards constituted under section 210A of the Companies Act, 1956.]

35.Sub-sections (13), (14) and (15) of section 132 enforced with effect from 24-10-2018.

36.Corresponds to section 211(3C) of the 1956 Act.

37. See Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2021 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015. See rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 for Transitional provisions with respect to Accounting Standards (Division Two).

See also Circular No. 35/2014, dated 27-8-2014 (Clarification on Accounting Standards (AS) 10 - Capitalization of Cost), Circular No. 4/2016, dated 27-4-2016 [Clarification on Companies (Accounting Standards) (Amendment) Rules, 2016] and Circular No. 10/2017, dated 13-92017 (Obligation to comply with Ind AS - Payment Banks, Small Finance Banks which are subsidiaries of Corporates).

See also SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

38.Enforced with effect from 12-9-2013.

39.For text of section 3 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949, see Appendix I

40.Inserted by the Companies (Removal of Difficulties) Second Order, 2016, w.r.e.f. 1-4-2015.

COMPANIES ACT WITH RULES

POCKET | HARDBOUND

AUTHOR : TAXMANN'S EDITORIAL BOARD

PUBLISHER : TAXMANN

DATE OF PUBLICATION : JULY 2023

EDITION : 41st Edition

ISBN NO : 9789357781985

NO. OF PAGES : 1882

BINDING TYPE : HARDBOUND

DESCRIPTION

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This book is the most authentic and comprehensive book, in a Pocket Hardbound format, on the Companies Act, 2013. It covers the amended, updated & annotated text of the following:

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• Words & Phrases Judicially Noticed

• Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020

• 55+ Rules framed thereunder with annotations

• Circulars & Notifications issued under the Companies Act, 2013

• Secretarial Standards

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• Gist of relevant Circulars & Notifications

• Date of enforcement of provisions

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