Taxmann's Illustrated Guide to Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)

Page 1

Preface to Ninth Edition

We all know that a few years have elapsed after International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) have reached the shores of India in its new avatar in the form of Indian Accounting Standards (Ind ASs).

After initial notification of Ind ASs, Ministry of Corporate Affairs have come up with amendments from time to time with a view to ensure that these Ind ASs are internalised and tailored to Indian conditions and there is a clear roadmap going forward. The impact of the implementation of Ind ASs in various industry sectors have been varied as has been borne out of publications and reports in the public domain from various institutions.

This edition of the book professes to address the following areas:

( ) incorporate the latest amendments under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendment) Rules, 2023,

( ) come up with process flow diagrams of major Ind ASs to help the reader understand and comprehend the nuances of each Ind AS in its simplest form,

( ) deep dive into Indian Accounting Standards (Ind ASs) and its convergence with IAS/IFRSs updated with latest notified amendments in each of the Ind ASs with charts, illustrations and case studies,

( ) incorporate definitions and application guidance in critical chapters,

( ) provide detailed comparison of Indian Accounting Standards (Ind ASs) with amended Accounting Standards (AS) where applicable,

I-7

( ) short questions and answers on Ind ASs.

( ) more than 150 Multiple Choice Questions on Ind ASs.

In developing this work, references have been made from time to time to the notified text on Ind ASs and AS published by Ministry of Corporate Affairs, The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India publications on Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), and adaptations from ACCA UK.

We have also added a lot more illustrations under respective chapters based on practical issues and questions.

We would like to take this opportunity to thank our readers for providing overwhelming support in the first seven editions of this book.

While considerable care has been taken to ensure that the contents of the book are accurate, a few errors and omissions might have crept in, for which we would request our readers with all humility to bear with us.

We would like to dedicate this book to our family members without whose constant inspiration this would not have been possible.

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About the authors I-5 Preface to Ninth Edition I-7 CHAPTER 1 Financial Reporting in India and Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting 1 CHAPTER 2 Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) Applicability and Summary 16 CHAPTER 3 Ind AS 1 : Presentation of Financial Statements and Schedule III 73 CHAPTER 4 Ind AS 2 : Inventories 182 CHAPTER 5 Ind AS 7 : Statement of Cash Flows 198 CHAPTER 6 Ind AS 8 : Accounting policies, changes in Accounting estimates and errors 225 CHAPTER 7 Ind AS 10 : Events occurring after the reporting period 253 I-9 Contents
CHAPTER 8 Ind AS 12 : Income Taxes 269 CHAPTER 9 Ind AS 16 : Property, Plant and Equipment 323 CHAPTER 10 Ind AS 17 : Leases 367 CHAPTER 11 Ind AS 19 : Employee benefits 368 CHAPTER 12 Ind AS 20 : Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance 414 CHAPTER 13 Ind AS 21 : The Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates 427 CHAPTER 14 Ind AS 23 : Borrowing costs 453 CHAPTER 15 Ind AS 24 : Related Party Disclosures 463 CHAPTER 16 Ind AS 27 : Separate Financial Statements 477 CHAPTER 17 Ind AS 28 : Investments in associates and Joint Ventures 487 CHAPTER 18 Ind AS 29 : Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies 507 CHAPTER 19 Ind AS 32 : Financial Instruments : Presentation 515 I-10
CHAPTER 20 Ind AS 33 : Earnings per share 559 CHAPTER 21 Ind AS 34 : Interim Financial Reporting 593 CHAPTER 22 Ind AS 36 : Impairment of Assets 611 CHAPTER 23 Ind AS 37 : Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets 665 CHAPTER 24 Ind AS 38 : Intangible Assets 706 CHAPTER 25 Ind AS 40 : Investment Property 749 CHAPTER 26 Ind AS 41 : Agriculture 761 CHAPTER 27 Ind AS 101 : First time adoption of Indian Accounting Standards 770 CHAPTER 28 Ind AS 102 : Share based payment 838 CHAPTER 29 Ind AS 103 : Business Combinations 889 CHAPTER 30 Ind AS 104 : Insurance contracts 954 CHAPTER 31 Ind AS 105 : Non-current Assets held for sale and discontinued operations 978 I-11
CHAPTER 32 Ind AS 106 : Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources 1007 CHAPTER 33 Ind AS 107 : Financial Instruments: Disclosures 1013 CHAPTER 34 Ind AS 108 : Operating Segments 1060 CHAPTER 35 Ind AS 109 : Financial Instruments 1078 CHAPTER 36 Ind AS 110 : Consolidated Financial Statements 1195 CHAPTER 37 Ind AS 111 : Joint Arrangements 1230 CHAPTER 38 Ind AS 112 : Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities 1250 CHAPTER 39 Ind AS 113 : Fair Value Measurement 1268 CHAPTER 40 Ind AS 114 : Regulatory Deferral Accounts 1316 CHAPTER 41 Ind AS 115 : Revenue from Contracts with Customers 1332 CHAPTER 42 Ind AS 116 : Leases 1413 CHAPTER 43 Short Questions and Answers on Ind AS 1475 CHAPTER 44 Multiple Choice Questions on Ind ASs 1556 I-12

ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE 1 : COMPARATIVE SUMMARY BETWEEN IND AS AND AS 1613

ANNEXURE 2 : COMPARISON OF INDIAN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS WITH IFRS 1691

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CHAPTER

41.1 Objective

41.2 Meeting the objective

1332 41

41.3 Scope

a Leases

b Insurance Contracts

c Financial Instruments

Consolidated Financial Statements Joint Arrangements Separate Financial Statements Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures

d -

1333 Para 41.3
a -

Recognition

Identify the contract Identify Performance obligations Determine Transaction price Allocate Transaction price Recognise revenue

41.4.1 Identifying the contract

Para 41.4 1334 b
Step
Step
41.4
Step 1 Step 2
3
4 Step 5
a b c d i.e.

(

a) the parties to the contract have approved the contract (in writing, orally or in accordance with other customary business practices) and are committed to perform their respective obligations;

(

b) the entity can identify each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred;

(

c) the entity can identify the payment terms for the goods or services to be transferred;

(d) the contract has commercial substance (i.e. the risk, timing or amount of the entity’s future cash flows is expected to change as a result of the contract); and

(e) it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer.

1335 Para 41.4 e

ILLUSTRATION 1: PRODUCT DELIVERED WITHOUT WRITTEN CONTRACT

Analysis

Para 41.4 1336
a b
i.e.

41.4.1.1 Combination of contracts

ILLUSTRATION 2

SOLUTION

1337 Para 41.4 ab
a b c

41.4.1.2 Contract modifications

Para 41.4 1338
ab
1339 Para 41.4
` ` ` ` Solution ` ` `` ` i.e. ai ii -
ILLUSTRATION 3

ILLUSTRATION 4: EXTENSION OF CONTRACT

Para 41.4 1340 b i.e. c a b -
` ` ` Analysis ` 41.4.2 Identifying performance obligations

(a) a good or service (or a bundle of goods or services) that is distinct; or

(b) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer.

41.4.2.1 Promises in contracts with customers

41.4.2.2 Distinct goods or services

1341 Para 41.4
a b c d e f

ILLUSTRATION 5: IDENTIFYING PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS

Para 41.4 1342 gh i j a b i.e.

Illustrated Guide to Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)

PUBLISHER : TAXMANN

DATE OF PUBLICATION : MAY 2024

EDITION : 9TH EDITION

ISBN NO : 9789357784580

NO. OF PAGES : 1720

BINDING TYPE : HARDBOUND

Description

This book provides a comprehensive commentary on Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) and a detailed analysis of the amended Schedule III of the Companies Act 2013. It addresses the implementation and adaptation of Ind AS in India, reflecting their convergence with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

An essential resource for accounting professionals, students, and anyone seeking to understand and implement Ind AS in financial reporting.

The Present Publication is the 9th Edition, and the law stated in the book is amended up to 15th May 2024. It incorporates the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendment) Rules, 2023. This book is authored by B.D. Chatterjee & Jinender Jain, with the following noteworthy features:

u [Simplified Process Flow Diagrams] The book includes numerous diagrams to help readers understand and comprehend the nuances of each Ind AS in a simplified and lucid language

u [Extensive Visual Aids] Over 200 process flow diagrams, charts, illustrations, and case studies are provided to analyse the Ind AS and its convergence with IAS/IFRS. These are updated with the latest notified amendments based on practical issues and questions

u [Definitions and Application Guidance] Critical chapters incorporate essential definitions and application guidance for better clarity

u [Detailed Comparative Analysis] The book offers a comprehensive comparison of Ind AS with amended Accounting Standards (AS).

u [Case Studies] Practical case studies on the disclosure of accounting policies are included to provide real-world examples

u [Global Perspective] Each chapter highlights the convergence of Ind AS with IFRS, providing a global context

u [References] The book references notified texts on Ind AS and AS published by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, ICAI publications, and adaptations from ACCA UK

u [Additional Content] The 9th Edition also includes short questions and answers, over 150 multiple-choice questions on Ind AS, and additional illustrations based on practical issues and questions

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