Tan Print’s Biology for NTA CUET (UG) 2022 by Taxmann

þśƓǗ !¯,© ϸ¯CϹ μκμμ Ǟâǒ

R E T I N L R E A D %N E %P OE D -N NIN O ONI I AT T A A Z CSI UAN D A %$G R F2O O Y(G R N T I S T T I S N N E E I T -MR E YPI O BL M DE E EVR HEP S$D I L E B E N ACI T R A S UT E S SOU S I E S !2L F 4 E .NS AD YMN C A NUT E(N G F A !O I L G E NYR R I F T T L S S E I E N S 4I LS A U NSO OA M I T O A NN .WO EOT HNU 4KA About NTA

CK GI E NM I E T ES C O UDT DAS NCT OAN CEE FH TD O U R YO T S T F I L Y OR IST B T 5YN I S TU N#I O NO PSUC SETE I R T E IO H R S T ERPS HEPS V O T O I HN R WC T 5OA I WLD A NS DR I T EN 5 W# T S E UEL R#G S T E E NI N T EHIS S T I L NL AR EA E EV ERD I BO IN SFV S A O5 T RL HS P A E R T LT !E L I 4C N WE .N A 4# YR %E CT H NN5T EE#F GE O !T Y GA N NU A D I T A N S R I E G 4R N LE I O A D S N NNO S O5 I I I S M T ES A D EA HS .T CUET – Common University Entrance Test

S N N T O O N I I S S AS S R II I P MM SD D A A EAR HRO 4OF F N E S I5 DT OE # L -L U S E 4"T I NI "O S #I R T E TAV S I MN E R 4O 5 DF L NA E) R S T A EN "H E T# RO E T TD U E RR PE I FS ME E ORD #YE S AHE NM I T FM D ETOM S T SA E C R UTEG DEMO NHMR OT 0 CRAE R O G EF T A BROU LARD L IEPA E WPT R PAG 'AUE R ODD 5T A E N R 4R G 5 I R %S E E 5ED H #DN T O EO5T HHON 4WT I Mode of Examination

S N O I T C E 3 G N I W O L L O F E H T F O T S I S N O C L L I W n ' 5 4 % 5 # Examination Structure for CUET (UG):

Section II –

Section III

DS! EU4 S AB. A BL LNE T SYOI NS 1SE B #NV E IW -OG

S E T S U H NCC T NCI lE A I A I J C -EME B ROP U O$ 33 F

NRD AOE CFS S T AN D X EEBO T I S T TU 1S U E PE#U NB -1 )

CUET(UG) Domain Subject (Section-II) Paper Pattern

S N O D I T E S T E F U PO M E 1B ET T U T OA O T

SES I SN H OI CT OA lRH I E ME C EDCOL B PNY$A SUA C S S M I E D L I NE P T E P I I RT A S E A A R MF F D EE I OO V I $ DFHN T G N NAOY5 I B C M E Y EB!UDT R I S MES R A T N IS I R C OX EE E R V TAEI JI D E C B HU EMSN 5 4S 3AA

Six (06)

I-5

Section II Domain

T S E 4 L A R E N E ' n Section IB

S T C E J B U 3 C I F I C E P S N I A M O $

S E G A U G N A , n Section IA

S E G A U G N A , n

! 8 % ' 5 4 % 5 # 4 5 / " !

I-6

Type of Questions in Domain Subject (Section-II) Paper Pattern (analysed from Sample Paper provided by NTA)

S N O I T S E U 1 G N I N O S A E 2 N O I T R E S S ! I

S 1 #

S N O I T S E U 1 E N O L A D N A T 3

S N O I T S E U 1 D E S A B T N E M E T A T 3 I I

S 1 #

S N O I T S E U 1 D E S A B E L B A 4 I

S N O I T S E U 1 G N I W O L L O F E H T H C T A I I

S 1 #

S N O I T S E U 1 D E S A " E S A # I

H C A E S 1 # H T I W S 1

S N O I T S E U 1 D E S A " T X E 4 I I

200 F O T U O D E T P M E T T A E B O T S N O I T S E U 1

40 Total

Total Marks Number of MCQs Typology of MCQs

ƴŉŉâþƓǖ !¯,© ϸ¯CϹ μκμμ

Biology/Biological Studies/Biotechnology/Biochemistry (304) Note:

There will be one Question Paper which will have 50 questions out of which 40 questions need to be attempted.

R E OCI V U F T SDA T MOE R SP G I E E N ARV GLN A R U O OX I LE T L A A ST F!N O E L EA M R G UUA X T ER A S F ED F E CNL I AU T LM S I A R UM E XE T C EG AS R !G A N HNI CO D AT ID NCU OUB D I T N OO C URT I P DE A L OR U RF R PO O ES P 2E DS S ON M O I S S I SS N S AEIT F I GC YN R ER A OP AP L SN NF I IN NO"I ON N I OSO T E I C I TD T UA A DUOG N-A OI RT P PN N O EO OR I 2C P T UNIT I: REPRODUCTION

F DS S O NE E ACTD I N N V EE EOO L I A MMT D M PLA S A OI G M FN L C R O IEEO TDV F N EEPT 3 EE$ I R U T MB I R SU F PTT RD OUNF L /E N E F V V SEOA EE D NNE L $P OOE I M I T E T S A A R A F ZMO UX I T L R E I C E T OC UDR F RN E N T DA F A S TNI C SS RE F E OAI I 0DN WC G ON EI E N E L & GOS3 I F AT Y O S A T N S TO ZN N E I L AP I Y ER L T Y P R MB T G E P F N M NO OE E I L I L R E T Y B E L A V UE O WI NO P $ OL L L O$ Y F O P N0N YR I OR S A I BC NE T T C OY MO I AE N T HR C E E DH UPT T NR DON OTIAA L REI MP PMT S A EG RI I S R E 0 X PI LE S A N L EOM UAL DO XML ONP EE 0EA 3F YE Y N LCI O MC T O NA Y A T CN T A C GA L NA E, AU R CR0 T I A S P N ONO E CET ID S I O-AY T R N R S C I AT A I -SLN E P NME S E M MGIE O N EO L O% T I S T Y A S N SMI O EI RT VS OR I I E T F NT C U UES T R DGYA C OOO 0 RTT PAS EMA A R RLE EEBD P L OI A ST Y MSPR UA ES IT F T DENN NNEE AEMM G E OPL ET O L % L E A E -MV N AEO ' D N I T O OA I YY T M R C R RA UABO E DVMF D OO I R EAY PDNT R NA ENO IET 2AT S CN A A NT I E S L AS I P L M I MET E T RDL UF E N% (O &A

LE SA V NCT I I AD C R U 4ED Y-O L L R DP A UNE XAR EN 3ODS E I S T FT S E P O I N S NES E R OC AAA I R T DW T N ENNA VOAL E#YA T R R I PSI L E N T DDR E NOE H G F AT N R HE) O T F L S A A S EDI E E HNT D I N EAE Y D VE R I CA T OT E C I U.N N E D OLMM RO!E PR L T EN % 0 R O RC44 OH -& F T ) DR EIY' C E"N 4 . A & ) $N: H G 4E T L3 R& A E 06 HS ) F E O S EA S VE NE I O T I S C IIG T U$ O A L D N O ODI N REMH T PT R C EI E E 2M4 T

OGN S EY T NIR P E I E SN L OMS S R P O RR R T OEU MO HRD4 I OE R #CO CL DS N0 E E I N ) SCADM O MPNENR A SUTGAD I I A O I L R L N RE KE E Y N D DGHI S N NDN, S E EOI N -OFE-W O L E O MBYBS R F OOOYS$ E E REEN NS F HOD SCT N N NA L HNA A I OT L M I SB IMD T R U A E O R R I HSI V UH ENOBOI N $)M LS S O DON# R E E CNRA D NAHMAR S # I AE O UL I T L H E I S H E R I CNP L D E L HAN)OL A NEI T NMA L ) OEM RI P NI E AT HTAO L A S ( I U L N O N E I I S D-I EME CM NEN RCOM EC EENRO H A T -NG T E #R I AYD R D L N N NO XEAY OI I MPEHIS T M N A OF3I O E I S D S R S D A R S E A E E E A VOD NK T L L EN D#I A E YGI N HF E R DL4E AC A X N N YNT ESL I T ANA3 I N S N E D A+ I M EM MER R M D E E E OL VUN OO (D %S HA

UNIT II: GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

I-7

' 5 4 % 5 # 3 5 " ! , , 9 3

I-8

N AA O MMR GE CO P I T D/ E LC NA ER A T GN , SE A N #O ! T I .NA O L $T I U A G DC E NI R AL LPD E N A R I A R ! G E N T .NI O A I T M$S N I SR E G CN R P I T R IPE E G X NA EG EK N E I GC NF RAE ! OP' F . H! $ N C.O $ T R I T C A A E E L J 3!S O NR .A E C2RP NDTE ANEM T ADO I R N !OE E H.CG C N$I ) N T E A FN FO O M EU SEG I R S H U A ND T "C ON TA RUI P R A T I E L R 3 U M C C S O EL NN A L I AE O R R E -T 4' -

LN S N N A ON O R O I I I I U T T T W T A U A I A L RR I O A N D A V$ FA 6O E 2 LE SE N A C E V CN OP I I I T T G E Y P U T ODL A L IOSD O V I EVE! B RELE RAFPL OLOMP U F AI CMX C SE S EI N I E L N CO R H N AT P EMHI S W C DDE G I N N V R EA-OE Y I B T DGN N C OE NOI I L LE AO TE 7 U NYL 3 OROLY B I V A T D M%R U R L EFUA T O VYOA( Y .T EMR F LOODR A TE I N CA H D A I T N G C C I OAI T L ETNE O O E V I I N HT I " T E A T A G N N R I E Y D A B F I N P3M L A N FMR OW O O CECON D E NL O2L I FI O A G ET I C-DN R U I L NNEO /G OI OA'V L N E N OT N O U T ON I I ON B T T I A OI A T U R T E C L M T L U O E N A U L V0 O-E ( % C S SE ST I S PU S EB A I C R NA A OO L L I CH & CO I AS C I AL R A "A L D A N -MA RG SOU E WR S A GD ENE S IC I R D N SE NI S C AA S I E MB L UE O HOD ! GM NAS I $ S D) UL ! AO CCD SNN E OA T I M6 S ) A M( R O A PCR E AC S IN NN E A GO# OM S HUE T EN A I 0NC 0C E DA S I V A O EH Y S PG I $YO 4L DS O NI N AS U AM HR I T L A M A CI ES F (!O UNIT III: BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE

N I E T O R P L L E C E L G N I S E R U T L U C E U S S I T Y GR ND I D N EA EB R S BU TH N L AA L M 0 I N N O! I D T C N UA DE OR RU PL T U DC OI OP F ! N I N O TI N T EA C MI F EI VR T OO RF PO MI )"

W E S N O I T S C R UE DZ I OL RT I PR LE A F I O R I T B S UD DN NA I S GT NN I E S G S A E CO L OR RT PN DO OC OI O F B D LS O A HD EN S UA ON HO I NT ) A R E E R N A E F G L E Y WG R NE AN ME UT HN NE I M ST E A BE OR RT C E I G -A -

! . $ T N A N I B M O C E 2 G N I R E E N I G N E C I T E N E ' Y G O L O N H C E T O I " F O S S E C O R P D N AY SG E O L L P O I N C NH I C R E 0T

UNIT IV: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

ES L NA I C M CI AN V! DC I NN AE G NS I L N U A SR N4 I S NP AO MR C UT (" S E R M US T I L N U A CG I R R G O AD E DI NF I AD HOS T MT L N A Y E EL L T HA A CP NT I I D YEN N GE A O' Y L O C NYA R HPI CAP R EE O T I H O " T I E " S N E FE U O GS S NNI OO Y I I T T T E A C F CU A I L DS P OI O PR " !P

N S O NI OT I A T L A U T P P AO D0 A LM A S CI I T G I S OA L O R CA EP D NNN AOO I NT I A T OD U I T EI B A R L R PT U S P I N OO D 0I E I TG E T A HE CP E I T N M A D O R NCH A T TMA A E S T D I I L B A D AU N (T A UE T MT N A E R M S H NN T R OO I RT IB I V C NAH ERT E W DT O NN R AIG SNS OE MI T SA T I U N L B AUI GPT R R OT /0A UNIT V: ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

L A AC R I Y G 0O L WO OC L F%E S YS A GU E R L OE E NRR %HN P S E N G O OH Y I T X PO I S OD PNN O MAI T ONA O CB N ER I L DA L DCO N P AGN N YL I O T I I C T V YA I CI T X C TF UN N DEO I OR B RT R PU .A S # T Y N S EGE NRC OEI PNV R MEE S OS 3 CA L A SMC NOI RI G E BO T L T RO A C 0E% B M S N MUO ENI T S FS S O Y E SC S ODC CIU %MS

S S Y K T T R I O S A P R P S E T L VO A I D (N O I O I N T " OA I FT . O A S SVE R NE V RS R E E NS T OE T A CR 0 Y E T I R Y S E T R I H E S P R VS E I O VDI I OB D I O"K I O " Y O T FI " S O R A E TV T P EIA CD$ NOD I O" E #F 2 ON N S O OS I I T O T C A ,N V I R Y T E T X S I E NS R OE S CV M IS SD T I I O N I A D" S GE NFR AO I OR A YEDU T CET I S NRC R AEN E G T A VR N I S OA D PD D OM I NN " )EA

Y L NN O RA! T M N N O E O CT I S T SA A T T I WS E D NER AVO I F T E S NC E OA$U I O T I S N U D S O L I LAI L T O 2E A P L T P N TE RN E E EDM T A MEN 7 NO E OR GZ A I L V O N/N RA E T G N N G OMI N C E I M T S SS R S T AA E I R DWWD LD N D A AL I BA S NOOE O3LI G I R T S DO U T T N L C S L A E O S F TS PF C E REEC I F R C F ! I E E U H S S TES E S U UA D SN O S S H E AN I I LSE D A LEU T A T N CRS EI ' E MMT S A NEN H OC EC RO E ME I V RER NG GH %!A T

!śŒƌĊŒƌǖ

% ' ! 0

About CUET (UG) 2022 Exam

I-5 Syllabus CUET (UG) 2022

I-7

1.1 M S I N A G R / N I N O I T C U D O R P E 2 Chapter 1

Chapter 3

N O I T C U D O R P E 2 N A M U (

3.1

Chapter 4

H T L A E ( E V I T C U D O R P E 2

4.1

Chapter 5

N O I T A I R A 6 D N A E C N A T I R E H N ) F O E L P I C N I R 0

Chapter 6

E C N A T I R E H N ) F O S I S A B R A L U C E L O -

6.1

Chapter 7

N O I T U L O V %

7.1

Chapter 8

S E S A E S I $ D N A H T L A E ( N A M U (

8.1

Chapter 9

N O I T C U D O R 0 D O O & N I T N E M E C N A H N % R O F S E I G E T A R T 3

Chapter 10

E R A F L E 7 N A M U ( N I S E B O R C I -

10.1

Chapter 11

S E S S E C O R 0 D N A E L P I C N I R 0 Y G O L O N H C E T O I "

I-9

11.1

9.1

5.1

2.1 S T N A L 0 G N I R E W O L & N I N O I T C U D O R P E 2 L A U X E 3 Chapter 2

3 4 . % 4 . / #

I-10

% ' ! 0

Chapter 13

N O I T A L U P O 0 D N A M S I N A G R / Chapter 14

M E T S Y S O C %

Chapter 15

N O I T A V R E S N O # D N A Y T I S R E V I D O I "

Chapter 16

S E U S S ) L A T N E M N O R I V N %

16.1

15.1

14.1

13.1

12.1 Y G O L O N H C E T O I " F O S N O I T A C I L P P ! Chapter 12

Mock Test - 1

M.1 Mock Test - 2

M.9

S E I C E P S W E N F O N O I T U L O V E CE I H T T E NT Y EI GR S EE HV T I SD I E RH E T T R A E ET R A G E ER HG E 4H 4 S E I T C P EA PD SA WO ET NY C FN O E I NC OI I F T F A E N M O S RT I IT OS U F I B FRI E O R T HS SG I I SI D H A L BEA C EHI HTH T SP SEA I I R C YE G T O PE I S S R AG E E VFH I OT D YS CT I I I T S R R E E E NV D EI I W 'D

T SI E T GA NH AT R E N NI AP YR AE L S A E MR IA L (C I NM I E GH NC I E WV OI T RC G A E H T F O N O I T A R T N E C N O C D TN N AA L Y P C LN A E NT I O C P I D N EI MN O I ET L A P I MRS AAE XVC ESU W D ROO OH R &S P

S A N W O N K S I N O I G E R A F O S E I C E P S E H T F O S S E N H C I R D N A R E B M U N E H T N I Y T E I R A V E H 4

N I F O R E B M U N E H T D N A

D E L L A CS T SN I E AS EE R R A P TE I R N S UE RC I E E PP SS E T I C N EE PE R SF FI F O D RF E BO S ML A UU ND I EV HI 4D

diversity

Genetic diversity

R O

D N A

D N O P S E R O T D N A T N E M N O R I V N E S T I O T T P A D A O T N O I T A L U P O P A S E L B A N E Y T N I S O R I T E C VE I L D E CS I L T A E R NU ET GA EN HO 4T

E H T N A H T Y T I S R E V I D S E I C E P S N A I B I H P M A R E T A E R G A E V A H S T A H ' N R E T S E 7 E H T S T EA L H P M' AN R XE ET RS OA &%

Ecological diversity

L EA KR I L O YC R S T T N S UE R OO CF N NI AA I R V AS DR T NE AS CE 3D AE K NL I AS HM T E AT I S D Y NS ) O NCS I EW R O F E O D T A R A E E EB R M G ME SUN I I YNP T E L I GA S R R D A E N VLA F I D O S LEI E A CR CN A I EU G S OE T L RS O CPE EOS D T EE N L A UL P T MDE AY XAW EWS F RRE OOE &.R

Y S L T E I S VR EE L V MD I ES T S E Y I C S OE CP ES F DO NS AT YN T E I N N O UP MM MO OC CL A TN A O YI T G I S E R R E VD I N D A ET HT A T I FB O A EH R UE SU A Q I EN MU AL SA I C TO I L E H T T N E S E R P E R Y E H 4

15.1

n E R A E S E H 4

DG L N U I N OI CM SR E E CT NE ED R S E T F I F A IR D T EE HH T T S S E E I C N EE P S SGE E R R EI U HT T T N C NEU I R NT H I T S I L WSA E M SN E O NES EGO GEM FMO O A R S H NF C OO I T N SI A T I R N R A AO I VR S SAC I NVT ATI S EN R EE MR T E C F A F R I D A H SC E R L E A L L L U A C I NT I R EA BP includes three interrelated hierarchial levels species diversity community ecosystem diversity Y T I S R E V I D O I "

genetic diversity

species richness species evenness.

species

Rauwolfia vomitoria

Y B N E V I G S A W Y T I S R E V I D O I B @ M R E T E H 4

The amount of genetic variation is the basis of speciation It plays an important role in the maintenance of diversity at species and community levels

SH T MI SW I N G AN GO R L OA EF F S I OT L N SE E I M C EN +PO SR 'T I N V EN R E E F S F E I T D A M MI EC L T S T Y N S E OR CE EF F FI RO D OS O ET P H T YD R T E A TT EN P NEA R D S OE AE F EF S SS F IE I D L E @ RFNC OOEO F EGR CDP MN ND YEAN NR A ORSS E NUP N YCY O C S T I OO T C EIA HBR T RE I SE T I N H I ST R MHI T E RI OW H F T

Edward Wilson

Diversity

bios

biological diversity

Biodiversity

Biodiversity and Conservation CHAPTER

A QUICK REVIEW

E T A M I T S E DN NO UL I OL SI YM L L A T CU I F O I B T N A ET I A C S Y T DS I NR AE V EI VD I T S A E VI R C E E S P NS OL CA B EO R L OG ME H !T

T U O B A R O F T N U O C C A S T N A L P E L I H W S L A M I N A E R A S E I C E P S E H T L L A F O L TA N T EO CT RE E H PT F O T NN AE HC T R EE R P O -

Y R E V E F O T U O S N A E M T A H T T N E C R E P H T R NA AE HI S T H ET R ON MO S EC T S I E R S PN MI E OR CA S T C EE T S NN I A L SP L A S I MH IT N AN TO S S G L NA OM I MN !A

R E VO F I D E SN E O I C S EI PA SI LD A N B) OO L G 3 T N S L EA CM RI E N PA Y N DA NM AS AA EE R C A I DW NT A D L N SA D L D R SO L T R N OA W WL E PH F T O F T O N E S C E I R R Y T E L N PR A U E O N C EY YR L T I N A S OER E RV SE A I HHD 4A A G I Y D E T NS I M )

R E V O C S I D E W E R O F E B N E V E T C N I T X E G N I M O C E B F O T A E R H T G N I C A F E R A S E I C E P S F O R E B M U N E GM R E A H ,T

TA HO I R T NE E S YTN I ML RO P C I CM L I L I IRM A MS L OE U NR C O T OA E L N X I ASON E T M I LC U R A E R OT NPL OSA H I YCG T I NI N EAMM V Y NMET H ODC I S CNO R IE EAB S V STI UE AIPD CCEI R EECE BPCH S A SA LET E N IWE T B O FH O YR ) T R CS A S KINE O OMI T R TO PGI Y D N R FI NA Y O O K F I C YT O T R Y N I P S R E R O D F E T I O A VR I R S OO D E F I B EE C T AE LL A B P MARS E T II DG T U S N NI S E T TUA TO E O E L NNB N NEAI L ARRE U CAT D SL ED R UO 7O CF -

S E C A L P Y A T R E B O 2 Y B E D A M

S E C R U ON SO E I L R L I LM A R U T A NR E DV NO AS EI R S UE T I A C .E P FS O L NA OM I T I A N VA R E D S N NA OT #N RL A OP F NF OO I R N E 5B LM A NU ON I TA L A T NO RT E T E N H ) ET H T O T G N. I D R# O5 C) CR !O

9 ' / , / ) "

15.2

Global Species Diversity

. / ) 4 ! 6 2 % 3 . / # $ . ! 9 4 ) 3 2 % 6 ) $ / ) "

A C I R E M ! H T U O 3 F O T S E R O F N I A R N O Z A M ! N I S R U C C O Y T I S R E V I D M U M I X A -

E R A S N O I G E R L A C I P O R T N I Y T I S R E V I D L A C I G O L O I B M U M I X A M E H T D N I H E B S N O S A E 2

ESG E KD N I O L L U N UTA I T D A EL A MLH A IC T S I U P FO H O RT NTD OTN I S T A A C S NPR UEA FHE T Y AN F IO YS L L NS A ON R I O E T I A L NI L I EC N GA M O L I SG R T I OA T NNFI C OEDI F I U E T S QBR A I R E E C R UV EF T I P S D O I 3T D S D E N E I UC T E C YP EE L J S B VR I UT O SA F SLE NEM R OD I I T G EY EN R R IA EAN T M A O E R I T R E U P E L VO MA V EH E T

ST S S N E L E EM R N A O SR I E NV N OE Y T I TS EN T R A A E R T V E S I PND MOS C EH E I T C ECE KUP I 3 S L N R E UL E T BA SAE T TR N C I G ED ME A NRO OPT RDD I NA V NAE ETL D N LA N A T CS A I N P N OOI O R T 4CA E Z R I OL A MI C YE L P E VS I E T H A L C E I R N LE A T NO OM SO A R EP S HO CT I Y H L T WC E SI R C I D P N OI RE T T EU HB T I R T NN I O EC L B T AH L I G A VI AM YN GR R U E T NN EI RI S A H L O T S Y EI T R V OI T MC U SD I O ER R P E HR 4E H G I Y H T I OS T R E SV E I T D U R BE I R T T A N E OR CG

AS A T RN N I O F A H L T P I W G N T I A R H E T W D O E L F V R R O E S S B E O H S I F R E T A W H S E R F S T A B S D R I B E R A Y E H T R E H T E H W A X A T F O Y T E I R A V E D I W Species–area relationship

Alexander von Humboldt species richness increased with increasing explored area but up to a limit

Tropics account for greater biological

Prolong evolutionary time

Constant environment:

High productivity:

G N I W O L L O F E H T Y B D E B I R C S E D

N O I T A U Q E

A E R ! !

The relationship between species richness and area is a rectangular hyperbola

On a logarithmic scale, the relationship is a straight line log S = log C + Z log A

S S E N H C I R S E I C E P 3 3 E R E H 7

R E H P A R G O E G D N A T S I L A R U T A N N AN MO I RG E E 'R

T P E C R E T N I 9 #

T N E I C I F F E O C N O I S S E R G E R E N I L E H T F O E P O L 3 :

S N E OP I O G L ES R E ET HA T T R3 OK PR UO O9 RW G E C. I MN OI S NC OS XU AL L T FO O M SR S O E L A D I RN A R GO EI F R L A # nN I S D FI R O EB GN NI A AT R I R ERA H"I L T NM NII I SS T SN E E I A R LL :PA N SO FI O T I I S ER S UE E L R A HG VTE EER HHF 47O

S T S E R O F N I A R L A C I P O R T N I M U M I X A M E H T S E H C A E R T )

Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.

15.3

GRADIENT OF BIODIVERSITY Latitude and Altitude Gradients:

diversity.

M E T S Y S O C E N A F O Y T I L I B A T S R O F L A I T N E S S E S I Y T I S R E V I D O I "

R A E Y O T R A E Y M O R F H C U M O O T Y R A V T O N D L U O H S Y T I V I T C U D O R 0

LC A CU I D G O OR L O P CN EI ED HN T A E C N A B LR A U T TS E I ND OM SO NR HF OR *E S VS OO T E CN GE H NR I C OI D RTR OYS E CT I CI LC I !B E P AS NN I EI S N A O ET I R C C EU DD E LR L I S WI SE E R I E T I H N T UF I MY T MI V OI CT

Productivity-stability hypothesis:

Diversity-stability hypothesis:

E ET LMH O CE4A T E ES R C S DYE T RSI Y C OOR L E C L F F EOA N T F I E ADCT I E T NJ N C 3 I I A A H L YS R L T P I BS O DEEWR ENL T B H S S CIEA S N OI S T AA PR O L OSP C P RE PI E FOS R C O SE E U I A S P Y A E ST C N E H N AL I L T ER I O RW PEAE YWVHS HTATS E E O SB WGL I O H POT T T I L N L H GO I OS O T N GNFIP Y D O NI N L A I T I O D A MH A RL T R OETSE T CRU E C CE B V !H A I T RR D A RN E OO N I Y SE LE NIB C HOE T CNP U I L RSSB HIW G %N M EE LI F U L N AB AO O FR 0T IO TC S SP NS I O G UO OF LN -

Rivet popper hypothesis:

SD E E I C EW PO SH ES R Y L OL A MT HN T E I WM I SR A EEY P R XT A I TEV A E I T H(C T U D DS NS O UAR OMP F O R NI E AB H MLG AI LT I H 4 OO DTT I ND V AIE N T $O U I B TI A R I T RN A VO RC A Y T EI YS R OE T V I RD A ED YE S SA S E E L R C DN EI WT OA HH ST

S E I C E P S N E I L A Y B S N O I S A V N I O T T N A T S I S E R E B D L U O H S T )

S E C N A B R U T S I D E D A M N A M D N A L A R U T A N L A N O I S A C C O O T T N A T S I S E R E B D L U O H S T ) Y B D E N I A L P X E E B N A C M E T S Y S O C E O T Y T I S R E V I D S E I C E P S F O E C N A T R O P M )

S E I C E P S F O N O I T C N I T X E E H T S I Y T I S R E V I D O I B F O S S O L E H T F O T C E P S A S U O I R E S T S O M E H 4

L SA E T I N C EE PM SN GO NR I I T V S I N X EE N FI O S TE N G EN MA EH CC A L N P O ET I R U FL O O SV S E E E CT OA RN PR E WT L OA L S O AT SE I S UE DS SA E E I S C I ED PD SN DA ES T R P O AT DA AD RE E R T P T E S BN EI O HT T I D HN T I O WC

F O S P U O S E R HG PR OO RA J T S M A T H A CI C LH A T W N N EI MT NN E OV RE I V n NL A EB D OO O T I LR EG E UNP DE T STR NFO OOH n I S T D C Y A L NE E I T R V X PT I ES A EL SD S E IR A MWA R CE EI VH V I F PO DOT ERU CTO S NA TD EA I E R CP E PAI XSW EI E R S A A H S E H I T C R E A P % S

Mass

Characteristics of a stable community:

TL S A HA T M EM UA L A VM :D N AA SS E D VR I I G TB N EG NN I I T T A N E OT CI S U ER I L E O F H P S O WU L S EOE HRH O T T V EI KG S I T UN L ARE EFN R R I OT A N EFO GEC L R P A T L N M YA E R R X E E VEF F I ARD NOF & I O S I T S S Y E L OR A T O N F A L E A C H M I T P O RR O E F R VST EE E WGH NT OA N (R I

9 ' / , / ) "

15.4

IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY

LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY

Extinction is of three types – natural extinction, mass extinction and anthropogenic extinction.

Natural or background extinction

extinction

Anthropogenic extinctions

S U ! E N I C N AA L I Y P HS T A A# CA I V R F A !* I L AA G" G AS UE QI C E SP US I T R I E R G UI AT -E E R OH DT OD DN EA R A A I SS E S I U C E2 P SW TO C NC I A T E X ES S YR L T A N L L EE CT E3 R EA I ML A OR 3T

S T N E M E L T T E S E K I L S E I T I V I T C A N A M U H Y BN DO I ET T C T E U BT R AS SE ND OT I A T C T I NB I T A X H ED EN R A A N O I T A T I O L P X E R E V O G N I T N U H

. / ) 4 ! 6 2 % 3 . / # $ . ! 9 4 ) 3 2 % 6 ) $ / ) "

E M O C E B N A C DG NO A( DY L I M WG I E0 H T G NE I NE OR I U T T C U NF I T E X T EA FD I O KE SM I R M HI GE I H H T YN R I E T VN GE NM I C AO F SM I Y NN OA XT AC T N I ET HX 4E

Vulnerable :

OM T U EI UD DE NM ON I T I E L N P O ET I DC N GI NT I X O GE R F E O DK NS UR I SG I TI N U C BA TF N S EI I D T C R IA I FT F P UAO SHE T L SO I D NSE OSD I R U T OO A T L L C U # PA F OR G PO E ER HO E T R TU YC T L AU T F N EEF S M MR E R OE 0S T

OD T E L EI UA D4 N EO R I U, T U FG RE A EG NN I EH HC T A NO I P DR L I O WN EO HI T T A ND I E NR OP I E T V C I NS I S T E X C EX FE O T KA S T II R B HA GH I S H T AI N GI NE E I U S C A Q AE A F RC SC A I ETD )

Lower risk :

S EE R I E C HE T P DS NG AN I NH OS I I T R C U NO I T L F X L EA FM O KR SO I N R RE E M WO OC L EE VB AO HT N HO CI I T H N WE T ST E A I L C EL PA SM DS EA NY L EN T A O EE R R HI T U EQ R E A R YE ER HO 4F

Data deficient :

N O I T C N I T X E F O K S I R F O T N E M S S E S S A T C E R I D N I R O T C E R I D G N I K A M R OT F N AI E T C A I DF E ED HS 4I

Rare species :

YS L N R I O H T T A RD OE R DP E S I S L N A CE OG L O RH E T HA T P I E S SS T NE OP I T A M L U O PR OF PK LS L A I MR ST YA L S L Y A A R UW T L A NA E HR T I A W SH C E I I S H C E E W I C P S E P EDS E R R A C E I YT T T EA O HC X 4S E N W O N K T O N S I N O S A E R E H T T U B N O I T C N I T X E F O R E G N A D N I E R A S E I C E P S E H 4

Not evaluated :

N O I T C N I T X E F O K S I R R O F D E T A U L A V E N E E B T O N S A H N O X A T E H 4

Indeterminate species :

Endangered :

Extinct in wild :

D L I W E H T N I S T A T I B A H D E T C E P X E R O L A R U T A N S T I F O Y N A N I T N E S B A S I N O X A T E H 4

E S U R E T A W Y T I V I T C U D O R P T N A L P E K I L S E S S E C O R P M E T S Y S O C E S NE I L YC T Y I L C I B E AS I A R E A S VI DD ED S N A A ET R S C E NP I

T H G U O R D S A H C U S S E C N A B R U T S I D L A T N E M N O R I V N E O T E C N A T S I S E R S S E L

O D O $ G E H T R A E M O R F T U O D E I D R O D E T A N I M I L E Y L E T E L P M O C N E E B S A H N O X A T E H 4

N O I T C U D O R P T N A L P N I E S A E R C E D

Causes of Biodiversity Loss

Loss of biodiversity in a region may lead to

D E R R O K O O B A T A D D E R A S N I A T N N I O A I T MC TI N ) T X E F O K S I R G N I C A F A X A T F O E U G O L A T A C A S I H C I H W T S I L Critically Endangered : Extinct :

FN O E I GL NA I N N RI UH BI C TH A W T I B S T AA HT I LB A R A UH T A R I NE FH O T NF OO I T T U C UO RS T L S A E M DI ON T A EG UN $I C R O F E M SI E T EE R T M NO WS R OE DT F GA NT I T U T O U CI E SD T S S D E R N OA F L

LR A E R V UO T A O NT FE O U ED S S UR EA E HY T D E T A L T A S CL A S E E SH A T HN NI T OC I T N A I L T U X PE OE PM NO AC ME UB HE GV NA H I S S A L EA S R N MA C NN IM ) AU YH NY AB -N I O S T E A CT R I UO L OP SX E E R

DG N A% E VN I O S I A T VC N NI I T EX ME OF CO EE BS U NA EC T F O R O SJ E A I C EM PD SN NO EC I E L S A RE OH ET VI S I T T A ) N S NE OI C .E P S L A C O L E H T Y A W A E V I R D

Four major causes (Evil Quartet)

Habitat loss and fragmentation:

Over-exploitation:

Alien Species Invasions:

15.5

Red Data Book and IUCN

IUCN is International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources which is now called World Conservation Union (WCU).

RED LIST CATEGORIES

9 ' / , / ) "

15.6

EG CN I UT L DU ES R E OR T S SE R C E A T L A P WY NN AA I M D NT ) A NS I D DN EA CL UT DE OW R S G T L NA N I I D M SU I A LN WC A ND I SN E A I D S T ON BA RL E P T C A I WA T DU EQ GA GL OA L R C E HSV T AE N HS I TF C A)O Y H HNT O I RT A E E U T L D L A O N 7P I Eichhornia crassipes

EG T N A I L MC IY L C C T SN R E OR I T T A U NN I L L H O G PU FO O R H NT OE I C S I N V A OL RA PB L EA KI C I L G O SL E O CC I V E R L E O S R T MN O EC T S N Y O S I OS CO ER E D N A D O O L F N O I T A L U GC EE T R

T O N Y AE MV I TL I O HT GT UH OG I HR T EA US L A A H VS CE I I S C NE I P R T S N Y I R NE AV SE A O HS L SA E I D C E PN SA E GU NL I A V V I L C YI R M E VO EN O C E T C E R I D Y N A E V A H

Ethical Utilitarian -

I D E M D N A S G U R D S R E B I F D O O F E K I L S T C U D O R P N A M U H L U F E S U

C T E E N I C

Broadly Utilitarian -

Ex situ conservation In situ conservation

Gene banks

Seed banks

Tissue culture

Wildlife safari park

Botanical gardens

Zoological parks

Sacred groves

Wildlife sanctuaries

National Parks

Biosphere reserves

T G A E M O ET R U UA T A L L NI NW I N E TN O S I O T I X C FN EO I T SNX PO I E I H T O SC C NN IS OT I XA T A %N L E W R T O CNN A I T K L S 0 I S L I A AI S UC T H C4 U U M9 R E YDH R NT OA O T A E HH GT I L OT B F O-O NAN I O A I T T R C E N # I T X E E S U A C Y L L A C I

Conservation of biodiversity

D E P U O R G E B N A C H C I H W Y T I S R E V I D L A C I G O L O I B E H T E V R E S N O C O T S N O S A E R N I S A E MR I EO EG R E HT T A EC R E A E ER R H E T HN 4I

E IH D T OR I B O F FS O T I TF N E EN ME EB GE L AB NA AN MI A T CS I F U I T S N E EV I I C R S E DD ND AN TA F I L L E P V UE NL OM I U T C M EI T TS O E RPI POG SE ST I T I A TR A T TS I E NR I U A T T U N I F A S MA L OE L T SW A S OA ST YN T E I S S R E E R VP Narrowly Utilitarian -

Protection of gametes

Protection of threatened species

Protected areas

Biodiversity hot spots

Co-extinction: Pronuba yuccaselles

CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity Conservation

. / ) 4 ! 6 2 % 3 . / # $ . ! 9 4 ) 3 2 % 6 ) $ / ) "

RED RN SCFL PLA D A A I O I OR O A AT NE R C BT H F A E C R E I AS I SR H G NSO R TDLU HA A TS E M S N T O Y N L A I E ANAL W R DGEO Y U W N L C EAO I T A A A E S R B FBH T G MAT I F U U Y O C E NS A E NASO DS I D SMU N SUC S L ETVOU E Q E A C O R AU E AA T T I C L E R E EF R E N O N D M A T A R S F FI S L UPE K A DENO P EU E NH R A E D V EN OA T ENCR D A GSPIN H T O GAl O N DI NP N GR R IAI S RAA TL A U T T I T I S A E Y R C O C R N OH N L A E O R EEA AWBUFE + R M H R P S A EmI T E N T T I T C E 4 R U O I R T X S N S R F L A I E O G E E O P B A E HHUE D% HL L R REA EL TM R CE AWI NOSI M A T R W H OFUC S S A E E L U I R E E N T P K R E T DAE I I C ET T AGAEIA N T I I R R EENM L S N O U N N N A A T A Y I E TF I O T UH SU TM R I U E T RAA U S T H H M M O O R S O PN EC F CMA CRO H E R E I I I M J T EH C EA K IVR R A I O2 R H EO A HIAO M W WC W D V A C R F T T F ED DTSRF TDO Y T A A O M R U E N N T O T T A I O Z S I I A A S P I I F B B E R R S R M A A N SE E E T E T H H T R O O E V Y B O I C I G HB DOT PA E MDNT AD SR DY D E T U A T L D EL O A N H A T S E A R HC A E E N N I G CI R R I O E G YS M CFHEIN L T EO SEOTDTO A A R P I L A F S C I S T E S O T EY T O R C N T I A R R E ACESS E T E E % O VAE DR I E M E E V I T O I R R D OC L G T O S P EGGEA OEY EC S SO I X R L APEEUR HB " A E T LAFSDDDF SDEDTODSES I T D V NHNATEO O S AP ATA RNH A E SS E E MYETTOTR D T E A O T T I FEI RE S MD HA O TSOR D R S N H E E ON YENTOS T Y V O S C I NOIIEWUTE I T D H 4 S G C S A OE T T OE LT I UVT NRO I E S I T R R C I EBVCEEVP E S E E I E I L B S L C T T D O D NO O EEO HSL LR N ORW PRI NC TAP P I SABA )

EE R C A N A T HR CO I P H WM I L A SN DO NI AT L A T N E R WE T N I EF R O A E B O T D E R E D I S N O C LE A L NB OA I N T I A A NS T RU E T S N I D NN AA SN I O I T A VS R D E N S A NL OT CE EW F HO T RN OO F I T A YS T I A L I ET R U T LL A A I E CR U U G L OTA L SL RD V U OC ON L C F A A E L RN T I O I SELET H KWA A R TTE N OFE R DC WO NE MA R A D ED SN NSND OUUNA I FAC T L D T N l I EN E T VAF N N OWE I O FC N CO NOS IO T SC I A TNI RV I OM A RN I O S E GC T S N MN O O CNC AO EUE 2C R F

E ES MAKD L AN A OR A L L 3E AT C +KET I A 7E I L I D H D S NN # F ) E A EAR E L NT H K I S E A L I SWL A D E R R/ T O A IG ID C S A S RUS A M DE A N S K R AD AA MT L L AHUTS 2S2EE ! W H EE S K R R AA AK L EAR IM R N EA A AE S H K E D EH B AU R T T MI L E C HFAHN 4O 3"I

SGNE KN H ET CI Z OWO T ORH S RFT NGDI I ENW A A V T Y I N T E I L I R L A I UNB O MST I L A T KU I A R TNC V A A A HB RV E E T S UE C DS I T SE R S E E EIPN T T O S U E Y T SR G I S T D C F S D R O NE A I EH E G CMN ESR R SA E O A L A B LR SPL E EAT I S MO V NR E H AE HFL 4O PGW F E S E O F C NI L SPE T D E NSD L DR I OE A I AWT T TG C E EAL R C L SO I L AK TC O B S CE IRR E NAA VMAPS I LOT K L R EDOA A R DBC A P N I N G EAI OI R S L DSO A E L F EOA HI I 4WC Z S E NSE SEN T T OTDA I N I I S E T AS TF F G T I A L B U VPO AOD R E D HEN S ESLDA NN L A U A OE R S CT CN MUL N T A IA O EE I N I HR N T S T HA ECK S R E STDE I E L N I L A NHHO FA TO T4CB )

Gene banks

Offsite collection

Ex-situ conservation

Protected areas Hotspots In-situ conservation

sites

Ramsar

15.7

HOW TO CONSERVE BIODIVERSITY?

National parks

high levels of species richness, high degree of endemism

Sanctuaries

Biosphere

reserves

Sacred forests and lakes (= sacred groves)

Ramsar Convention (1971)

a b

R O T C A F G N I T I M I L F O S W A L

S P I H S N O I T A L E R A E R A S E I C E P S

N O I T A U Q E H T W O R G N O I T A L U P O P

Y T I S R E V I D O I B L A C I G O L O C E

E H T E V A H E GR NU I T WA ON L L N O I F S E I EC HE T P FS O F O ER NE OB M HU CN I H T S 7E H G I H

N OE PV I MR ID TG S N OI ME B ES T HN T A SL N N IP O O GD I T I S NN A T N A IA N O V WL S O E T N I L I A L A N M T O S F M O G I E I I A O I T N C E L R C N F P E HA P X T T F I T E S A O N F X T O E I R N OEI B E E S T O A V I HUC L C C H O A A N I C I H T T X N 7A E O TT R

Y L N O S E T A R B E T R E V E N I R A M

R O F D E B I R C S E D T D L O B M U ( N O V R E % E 0 & D 2 . % M 7 NI & # A T # 5 . XT ) ) 5 7 E S LR ! l E H T

S E I C E P S D E N E T A E R H T

D E 2 E H T S E H S I L B U P H C I H W N O I T A ZI S I N S AE GC I R E OP ES HF 4O T S I L

A N R E T N I N I E R A S T C U D O R P E S E OD HA WR T SA L T N N AO L I P T

ES VU I N TI A P NE I NR S A AG A I D D S NSE A I I I FRR A O O L G # NF E OO T I A T NC A L OE U I K PTB C R N O N UA A I PD H H C E O S P E L E R L A A HT C O S N H R T I N U I W O T D E N R O M I E H G E T A U A N V EE A I E 9 L NU " I 3 ' 2 L R DE C SV EE I $H R SN lI

E M O I " n

S T N A L P T N A T R O P M I Y L L A C I M O N O C E L L A b d

A I T N U P / n

D I M A R Y P E G ! b

A M Y H C N E R E !

F O L A M I N A C I T A U A Q I A D N L ) A F N O O S I S T T T S A A E R N R H A O E S ' C F A S Y H N A N T A O R G L E Z S A A T D M A I S E A I M H 7 - ( ! C I H A I 7D N ) 4.

I D O N I B N O N O O O I T T I TYA T L A A T U EI S M P R R HR O E O 4V 0 F N n n I R O R E A T T S A Y H N D S O N M I I T A U A I T S C N N EUI O F R I HO T C T A H R T R S A PT I 0O3 L D E 2 c

E B O L G E H T F O SY NT OS I I G R EE D R V E I R GD E N G S I N WE I A C O D L E LP N O E S E F L T B ES Y C L A I L T HE R T M A C H E C N FG E I N D I T I L T OH I U N X HS R V E C E CT I I H B I 7H X E

T A M Y L T C E R R O C S I G N I W O L L O F N N N E O O O N H I I I L O T L L L I L I L I F L I L O M M M I M H C I H D 7E H C

F O D KE SL L I R A C N H S O GI I I T E H A R T U N YT L E U N EF N M O ME O G I E T A S T I R A R S A D T T I F A X O D I V D O EE O N N L L F M I P G A S S D X N M E N E I S I I C A C C O AE E L T I F H M P T H T S A G S O T N U N EI N I I E B O O C N I A R C E L O ( $ % P ! I T SC N I !T X E

S E I C E P S L A B O L G E H T N Y O A I S A N V T O N R I S T E N A I B S T O I E O I O I T T 2U C L C P E OO N X P T I B E S T A X R N GS N E E E I I D O V I L R Y # / ! T OS I CR CE !V I D

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)

TN S E OV I MR D EG HN T I E SB I S T N GA NL I P WD ON L L A O F S L A EM HI T N FA R O ON F O I HTT CNC I A N H T I R T 7O X PE MO IT

11.

10.

9. b

N O I T A T N E M G A R F D N A S S O L T A T I B A (

12.

9 ' / , / ) "

15.8

. / ) 4 ! 6 2 % 3 . / # $ . ! 9 4 ) 3 2 % 6 ) $ / ) "

S D R I "

ST SE NA I S H A ET T W R I YL O SAB L N ADO ORHUF U T I T O 3H F A F I L O C H U N C H PI RAW O E P*BEN TO !MS I E UI NT HSN S A T E E GU I EA C Q SE H SE E T P T VS E H I FK GNO T R E CE ETGAW L NRS B F B I AOT N N S T I I A SS H T D EDNI N HNOW 4AC A S N E U E L OSV B IA HPG T T

S M E Y I T UI C S E MR P IE X S V AI M D MO U TB I M N I EL X S A A E B R M PO S EL G R W G GN O S N H N O I S R WM E S OA & L L P S D O F E F N I O EC A T HE U S T P I E O FS S G S O A F N O E HO U R CR & Y S P Q R I A T E I H HS B C 7M IR E H V U I 7D N

S T C E S N )

LS RAP E MU HI O T NR /A G S N A E C UA RT #S

E A G L !

S N E H C I ,

N A GI A R OD N F) O N SI R I D A E PC GU ND I O WR T ON L L I O S F E I EC HE T P FS O C ET I NO OX HE CE I R H A 7S M S I

17.

N DI ER EA F L I WM OI RS R Y A L L PA SC AG I DO NL AO C RE E S EER DRE A AS M GN U NA IS I N T RO A EGC NNG OOI N I GE L NB !I

H T N I C A Y H R E T A W A R A M A C A N A T N A ,

A I R E R E N I C S I P O S O R 0 H T N I C A Y H R E T A 7

A S O I G I L E R S U C I & H C R E P E L I .

A R A M A C A N A T N A , A S O I G I L E R S U C I &

NE I M SO PS L E F HO Y RT ES I T R S E AV SI I D 0 S HE SC I I F E RP ASS T E GT S N A I R RN B OI T E AT A T R DNE EIV RAN 0MI

C N I T X E E H T O T D A E L Y L S E E T I A C E MP IS T L U Y E SR R OP T F A O DN EO R I 0T

N E G M U M I X A M S A H G N I W OA L I L D O F N E) N HI T FT Y O I S HR CE I V H I 7D C I T E

O G N A -

T A E H 7

C EL I NO I T B O A CT I E N SM A HE CR UA ST S SN L A A CL I MP EE HH CT FY B O NE ON S I R I T N E C D UHR C DY O OR S R I TD 0S

E R A S T N E M E T A T S T C E R R O C O W T E H 4

LS RAP E MU HI O T NR /A G

S N A E C UA RT #S

LS L C O S -U S T C E S N )

LS RAP E MU HI O T NR /A G LS L C O S -U

NF EO VT I U G O S E N nO T C E SR T N R EO MC EO T W A T T S E RH UT OC T F E EL E HS T YD DN UA T WM 3 OE L E H BT

E H T * N I S D ) N A S U ( O H T ' N I S N & O I T A L % U P O P $ R I E H T # D N A S " E I S C A EE PR ! 3A P

S C S U L L O -

S T C E S N )

A S BT ED O A R AT N FH !A .O I

LS RAP E MU HI O T NR /A G S N A SE UC RA #T

AS T S N UA RE #C

S C S U L L O -

S T C E S N )

D N A

S M R E P S O I G N !

D D D N N N A A A

S T C E S N )

I G N U &

ii T E N S HE E T T S A FR E O R B P EE NT OR R I E T V A N$ T I N ! E F S S O E N R O PYI EI T TR R S O ERP E HV R T I U SDO I F LE WA H OBT O L L E SY BGP L UE NFO V EOR I T V G C I T 'NTE A P EH T S X E E7R

18.

iii

14.

16.

15.

13.

iii

15.9

S K R A P I R A F A S E F I L D L I 7

FDS EN U O T HA N M I T S U R M R NR OE E X T I F B O E @ Y. MTG T N N I UOI I Y S R NNW B D E EOS E VE ERL D T E I GAL I A O D U R C F L T OD A E C I A L L EP L B N HH I S I A T FT T S E D O K R ESFH C S E R A O SE V U I l N A T AC I S G E O H P T HEC NT I D PN S R P Y I I F SE R E SSH I WP A T A D T T E V D O F L O E E G I OC A O L L HN A L HA7N C B X L R N E O S A E G 'ME YE N I A E O C F E I R NE T O M T S I D F N E A E T I N AB NNLE E N E L E S HO D RAES A R ME D Y I L R T T E C T L V E U N U H E FA I O TDR A B S N WA V W S H E AEU % 6 4 + OR OD L O S L 7 HY E R T (L W ! S E N R L YI N L AN OY O L WP AW C

S T C E S N )

S D R I "

S M R E P S O I G N !

S K N A B D E E S

SY I T I HI V CT I C H A WN EA VM R U E S H E O R N EE R R E HE PH SWS OD A I B NN FAW O DO NEN OTK C I EI S G T EO D R RE EPW HL YO 4L L L A GA EI S L

E V A H S R I A P H T O B G N I W O L E L O E N F N O N O Z O EI E Z HT N N N T A O E F O O I N N T Z I I T A O OB R I Z R H E S O CM E I F N S T F O R A H U R O C E B T C WT R C NE R )R O C

T S E R O F F O N W O D G N I T T U #

T A T I B A H F O N O I T C U R T S E $

G N I T N U (

N O I T A D E R 0

28.

T A H 7 G N I S A E R C E D Y L S S UI OH UT F NO I T N N OO S CA SE I R EN F I I L A D L M I 7E H T S I

D O H T E M AY T TI O S R NE SV I I GD NO I I WB OF L O L O N F O ET I HA T V FR O E ES NN OO HC U CT I I H S 7N I F O

E V O R G D E R C A 3

K N A " D E E 3 N O I T A V R E S N O C U T I S N )

E V R E S E R E R E H P S O I "

K R A 0 L A N O I T A . N O I T A V R E S N O C U T I S X %

Y R A U T C N A S E F I L D L I 7

E R U T L U C E U S S I 4 N O I T A V R E S N O C U T I S N )

S E V O R G D E R C A 3 N O I T A V R E S N O C U T I S X %

K R A 0 L A N O I T A . N O I T A V R E S N O C U T I S N )

D XN EA OS T L DA EM T I A L N E A R SD I E GN NE I T WA E OR L L H O T F EF HO T N FO O I T EA NV OR HE S CN I H OS T 7CN UA T L I P S

N E D R A G L A C I N A T O "

N E D R A ' L A C I N A T O " N O I T A V R E S N O C U T I S X %

T S E R O F N I A R N O Z A M !

S T O P S T O H Y T I S R E V I D O I "

N O I G E R N A Y A L A M I ( N O I G E R L A C I H P A R G O E G A

I G N U &

N O I G E R E H T O T C I M E D N E S E I C E P S

E H T E V A H E GR U NT I WA ON L L N O I F S E I EC HE T P FS O F O ER NE OB M . 0 & # % 7 & HU C % N 5 . I ) 5 7 ' HT S 7E H G I H

S E I C E P S T N A N I M O D E H T N I Y T I S N R E O I VG I D E CR I E T E H NT EF GO D E 2 @ E H T S E H S I L B U P N O I T A Z I N A G R O HK CO I O H 7" A T A $

24.

N I G N I V I L S M S I N A G R O E H T N I Y T I S N R O E I VG I E D R EE H HT T

29.

23.

N O I G E R E H T N I D N U O F S E I C E P S D E R E G N A D N E

c c

E C I 2

F O Y T I S R E VS I T D N OE I S " E R P E R

22.

27.

21.

T U N D N U O R '

20.

26.

25.

19.

9 ' / , / ) "

15.10

Tan Print’s Biology for NTA CUET (UG) 2022 AUTHOR

: Kapil Gurbaxani

DATE OF PUBLICATION : MAY 2022 EDITION ISBN NO NO. OF PAGES BINDING TYPE

: : : :

2022 9789394186743 398 PAPERBACK

Rs. : 425

| USD : 36

Description This book intends to cater to the principal needs of all the students preparing for the Common University Entrance Test (CUET) at the Undergraduate Level in the Biology Domain. This book features a brief coherent introduction of all the topics, supported by various exercises plus multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to prepare for the examination. The Present Publication is the Latest 2022 Edition, authored by Kapil Gurbaxani, with the following noteworthy features: ·

[As per the Latest Syllabus] released by the National Testing Agency (NTA)

[Chapter-wise/Topic-wise MCQs] with hints and answers

[Chapter-wise ‘Mind Maps/Quick Review’] for complete revision of concepts

[Theory Supported by Diagrams] for conceptual clarity

[Oﬃcial Mock Test Pattern]

[Flow Charts, Tables and Diagrams] are provided for conceptual clarity

ORDER NOW