Clemson a.LINE.ments Taylors Assessment

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN ZONING

Good, Green, Hernandez, Job, Lawson, Plowden, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Land Use Regulations

NTS

Legend (C - 1) Commericail District

(O-D) OfďŹ ce District

(R - 7.5) Single - Family Residential District

(R - 15) Single - Family Residential District

(R - S) Residential Suburban District

(R - M20) Multifamily Residential District

(PD - R) Planned Development District Residential

(C - 2) Commericail District

(POD) Planned Development District

(R - 12) Single - Family Residential District

(R - 20) Single - Family Residential District

(R - D) Multifamily Residential District

(R - MA) Multifamily Residential District

(S - 1) Residential Suburban District

(C - 3) Commericail District

(I -1) Industrial District

(R - 10) Single - Family Residential District

(R - 20A) Single - Family Residential District

(R - M2) Multifamily Residential District

(PD) Planned Development District

1840

Burwell Chick opens the Chick Springs resort.

There as a hotel as well as individual cottages on the property.

H i s t o r y o f Ta y l o r s , S C 1847

Burwell Chick dies and his two sons take over the resort. This vacation spot attracted hundreds of visitors and boosted the local economy by the 1850s.

This amount of visitors also provided a healthy market for local farmers to sell their produce and livestock.

1857

The Chick brothers sell the property.

1862

On November 4, the hotel catches ďŹ re and burns down.

Civil War

1868

The Chick brothers repurchase the property.

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN CIVIC/ PUBLIC AREAS

Good,Green,Hernandez,Job, Lawson,Plowden, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

2 Miles

Public and Civic Buildings and Spaces

Taylors Buildings

Diagram Key

1 Mile

Churches Schools Parks Public Services

Grocery/Shopping

1/2 Mile

Corey Burns Park

Taylors Library

Taylors Post Office

NTS

1907

1903

Westmoreland sells property to Greenville grocer, James Bull.

1885

Property sold to Atlanta lawyer, George Westmoreland. Westmoreland built a new hotel and several cottages and was very successful.

1905

Hotel burned down again. Most of the resort and the surrounding cottages were saved.

Bull greatly enlarges the hotel and reaches his guest peak (4,000 guests from May to October).

He expanded the grounds to 117 acres, had recreational areas, telegraph and long distance phone lines, and New York and Washington newspapers available to guests.

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN LAND TENURE

Good, Green, Hernandez, Job, Lawson, Plowden, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Renters vs Owners Legend Owner Occupied

Renter Occupied

Vacant

Other

Municipal Boundary

NTS

2012 Census Owner occupied units - 8,667 Renter occupies units - 3,652

1916

The new hotel was unsuccessful and served as a military academy from 1916-1917.

1923

Southern Bleachery mill comes to Taylors. J.E Sirrine (Architect) created a model southern mill village. The mill funded construction for a high school and churches.

1927

Bottled spring water still remains profitable and the Chick Springs Ginger Ale Company is launched. The company also constructed a swimming pool and opened a park with picnic facilities and a large dance floor.

1932

The mill doubles in size and a printing company opens immediately south of the mill to work along side the bleachery. The two mills merged to become Bleachery and Printworks Inc.

Great Depressio 1914

Bull built a new hotel that was fire proof and had modern equipment and facilities.

R o a r i n g 2 0 ’s 1924

On May 14 the Southern Bleachery mill officially goes into operation. The mill also supported the construction of a local church, high school, and housing for the families who had family member working in the mill.

1930

Chick Springs Ginger Ale Company fails due to the Depression. Only the spring house and the gazebo remained and the site was reduced to 7 acres.

1934

Many workers are laid off and the work week gets shortened to 2-3 days and pay is also reduced. In spite of the circumstances the workers and their families survived the depression.

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN DEMOGRAPHICS/ECONOMICS Population by Ethnicity

Good, Green, Hernandez, Job, Lawson, Plowden, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Population by Age

Household by Income

The median ages of the citizens of Taylors was 37.8 in 2012.

Key Other

Taylor Community

15%

Greenville County

14% 13%

South Carolina

Hispanic

There was 12,318 households in 2012 within the Taylors community.

The average household size was 2.48 people per house.

The 2012 average income of households in the Taylors community was $56,837.

12% 11%

Types of Races

10%

Asia The population of the community of Taylors in 2012 was 30,562.

9.9%

9% Percentages of Population

11.7%

8%

19.3%

7%

Black

16.3% 11.7%

6%

White

$75,000-$99.999 $50,000-$74.999 $35,000-$49.999

$15,000-$24.999

13.2%

4%

$200,000+ $150,000-$199.999 $100,000-$149.999

$25,000-$34,999

14.1%

5%

1.4% 2.4%

<$15,000

3% 0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Percentages

70%

80%

2% Ages

1% 0% <5

5-14

15-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65-74

1939

75-84

>85

1954

Depression ends and the bleachery goes back to regular 7-day work weeks.

The company is sold to Ely and Walker. No immediate changes are made to daily life.

on 1953

President of the company, Harry Stephenson, retires and vice president, Robert Stephenson dies.

1965

Southern Bleachery sold to Burlington Industries and closed two months later. The community organized a commity to bring in new industry but they were unsuccessful. Burlingtion hired a company to dispose of the bleachery and surrounding village. J.P. Stevens and Company later bought the abandoned mill. By 1969 shopping centers had attracted residents away from main street and towards Wade Hampton Boulevard.

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN WATERSHED AND TOPOGRAPHY

Cary, Lowe, Petrone, Petz, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Watershed

NTS South Carolina Water Bodies Greenville County County Lines Water Bodies

Topography

Buckhom Creek

Enoree River

Enoree River Mountain Creek

NTS South Carolina Water Basins Basin Boundaries Taylors’s Basin Taylors’s Subbasin

Site Topography NTS Taylors Site <10% grade change 10-20% grade change >20% grade change

Cane Creek

NTS Broad Subbasin Greenville County County Water Bodies NTS Taylors Flood and Waterways Taylors Site Waterways 50 Year Flood 100 Year Flood

Hydrology in Taylors The waterways of Taylors collect in the Enoree River.

The Enoree River connects to the Broad river as part of the Broad subbasin. This subbasin continues as part of the Santee water basin, which flows from Georgia to the Atlantic.

Taylors is under the Greenville County Water systems. The water for the residents is pumped from one of three reservoirs in Table Rock, Poinsett, or Lake Keowee. The water comes from the Saluda subbasin, the one next to the Broad subbasin. The Saluda subbasin is also in the Santee water basin.

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN GEOLOGY, SOILS, AND CLIMATE

Cary, Lowe, Petrone, Petz, Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Climate + Preciptation

Geology Compostion Greenville County lies on top of the Paris Mountain and Six Mile thrust sheets. These consist of predominately medium to high grade metamorphic rock. In the Taylors area the dominant rock type is biotite gneiss. Thin sheets of hornblende gneiss and amphibolite are also dispersed within the biotite gneiss.

This rock can be used as a building rock and rarely splits or breaks despite its foliated appearance.

6 in

o

90

o

80

5 in

o

70

4 in

o

60

o

50 40 30

3 in

o o

2 in

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20

1 in

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10

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Soils

Legend

Preservation It should also be noted that Greenville has granitic domes as well as granatic flatrock. Granatic domes are conglomerates of igneous rock which form below the surface. During a mountain building event (ex. earthquake or volcano) the mass is exposed. The lower pressure allows the mass to expand and as it then erodes the dome shape is formed. Currently these rock forms are at moderate risk of vulnerability on both the global and state levels. Granatic flatrocks are exfoliated and gently sloping granite outcrops. An outcrop is an exposed deposit of rock. Granatic flatrocks are a substantial part of soil formation in the Taylors region. Currently granatic flatrocks are at moderate risk of vulnerability on a global scale, but are at high risk of vulnerability on a state level.

Precautions should be taken to preserve these during planning and construction.

Description Loam soil is a mix of sand, silt, and clay in varying proportions. The area of Taylors is made up of predominately of sandy loam soils. These include appling sandy loam, cecil sandy loam, cecil very coarse sandy loam, cecil sandy clay loam, and congaree fine sandy loam. Typically these soils have good drainage and are nutrient rich. They are also typically easy to till and work with during construction.

Sandy loam soils are considered ideal soils to develop on because it maintains size and consistency when wet or dry. This allows it to hold and stabilize foundations and hardscape in place.

NTS Cecil Sandy Loam Sandy Clay Loam Madison gravelly clay loam Cecil Very Coarse Sandy Loam

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov Dec

0 in

Analysis The above bar graph represents the average of highs and lows for each month. The area of Taylors experiences all four seasons throughout the year. Average winter temperature ranges from 40-50 degrees and the average summer temperature ranges from 70-90 degrees making it a relatively comfortable place to be any time of the year. The above line graph represents average inches of rainfall per month. Taylors typically has more frequent and heavy rainfall (3.5 inches and up) from February-March and June-August than any other months in the year.

Wind 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Season

Direction

Spring Summer Autumn Winter

Southwest South and Southwest Northeast Northeast and Southwest

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN ECOLOGY

Cary, Lowe, Petrone, Petz, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Ecological Communities

Basic forest Chestnut oak forest Cove forest Hemlock forest High elevation seep Southern Appalachian Cove Forest Oak and hickory forest Piedmont seepage forest Pine and oak heath Herbaceous Vegetation Low-Elevation Rocky Summit Upland bog Upland depression swamp forest

Wildlife

Trees and Vegetation

VEGETATION IN TAYLORS, SC AND SURROUNDING AREAS Adoxaceae Cornaceae (Dogwood) Sambucus canadensis American Elderberry Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood Viburnum nudum Possumhaw Viburnum Cornus stricta Stiffcornel Dogwood Viburnum prunifolium Blackhaw Nyssa sylvatica Black tupelo Viburnum rufidulum Rusty Blackhaw Cupressaceae (Cypress) Altingiaceae Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum Ebenaceae Anacardiaceae (Sumac) Diospyros virginiana Common Persimmon Rhus copallina Shining Sumac Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Ericaceae (Heath) Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Annonaceae (Custard Apple) Asimina triloba Pawpaw Fabaceae (Bean) Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud Aquifoliaceae Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust Ilex montana Mountain Winterberry Ilex opaca American Holly Fagaceae (Oak) Ilex verticillata Common Winterberry Castanea dentata American Chestnut Castanea pumila Allegheny Chinkapin Araliaceae Fagus grandifolia American Beech Aralia spinosa Devil’s Walkingstick Quercus alba White Oak Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak Asteraceae (Sunflower) Quercus falcata Southern Red Oak Baccharis halimfolia Eastern Baccharis Quercus marilandica Blackjack Oak Quercus muehlenbergii Chinkapin Oak Betulaceae (Birch) Quercus nigra Water Oak Alnus serrulata Hazel Alder Quercus phellos Willow Oak Betula nigra River Birch Quercus prinus Chestnut Oak Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak Ostrya virginiana Eastern Hophornbeam Quercus stellata Post Oak Quercus velutina Black Oak Cannabaceae Celtis tenuifolia Georgia Hackberry Hamamelidaceae Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel

Juglandaceae (Walnut) Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory Carya glabra Pignut Hickory Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory Carya pallid Sand Hickory Carya tomentosa Mockernut Hickory Juglans nigra Black Walnut Lauraceae (Laurel) Sassafras albidum Sassafras

Rosaceae (Rose) Amelanchier arborea Common Serviceberry Prunus americana American Plum Prunus angustifolia Chickasaw Plum Prunus serotina Black Cherry

Malvaceae Tilia caroliniana Carolina Basswood Tilia heterophylla White Basswood

Salicaceae (Willow) Populus deltoids Eastern Cottonwood Salix nigra Black Willow

Moraceae (Mulberry) Morus rubra Red Mulberry

Sapindaceae (Soapberry) Acer negundo Boxelder Acer rubrum Red Maple Acer saccharinum Silver Maple Aesculus sylvatica Painted Buckeye

Pinaceae (Pine) Pinus echinata Shortleaf Pine Pinus pungens Table Mountain Pine Pinus strobus Eastern White Pine Pinus taeda Loblolly Pine Pinus virginiana Virginia Pine Platanaceae Platanus occidentalis American Sycamore

VERTEBRATE ANIMALS LISTED THREATENED ON STATE LEVEL American Peregrine FalcWon - Falco peregrinus anatum Bog Turtle - Glyptemys muhlenbergii Eastern Small-footed Myotis - Myotis leibii

Rubiaceae (Coffee) Cephalanthus occidentalis Common Buttonbush Rutaceae (Citrus) Ptelea trifoliate Common Hoptree

PLANTS GLOBALLY LISTED ENDANGERED Bunched Arrowhead - Sagittaria fasciculata Mountain Sweet Pitcher-plant - Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii Blue-eyed Grass - Sisyrinchium dichotomum Reflexed

Rocky Gnome Lichen

Bunched Arrowhead

PLANTS GLOBALLY LISTED THREATENED Swamp-pink - Helonias bullata Dwarf-flowered Heartleaf - Hexastylis naniflora Small Whorled Pogonia - Isotria medeoloides FUNGUS GLOBALLY LISTENED ENDANGERED Rocky Gnome Lichen - Gymnoderma lineare

Styracaceae Halesia carolina Carolina Silverbell Styrax americana American Snowbell Styrax grandifolia Bigleaf Snowbell Symplocaceae Symplocos tinctoria Common Sweetleaf Ulmaceae (Elm) Ulmus alata Winged Elm Ulmus americana American Elm Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm

Eastern Cougar - Puma concolor couguar Globally listed endangered State endangered Possibly extinct

Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii State Endangered Population estimated to 1,000-2,000 in South Carolina

Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn) Rhamnus caroliniana Carolina Buckthorn

Magnoliaceae (Magnolia) Liriodendron tulipifera Yellow Poplar Magnolia acuminata Cucumbertree

Oleaceae Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree Fraxinus americana White Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash

ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES IN GREENVILLE COUNTY

Blue-eyed Grass

Mountain Sweet Pitcher-plant

TAY L O R S

REVITALIZATION PLAN URBAN FOOTPRINT/CIRCULATON Urban Footprint

Good, Green, Hernandez, Job, Lawson, Plowden, and Smith October 4, 2013 Community Design Studio

Circulation

Location of roads, buildings, and parking lots.

Location of roads, stoplights, bus stops, bus routes, an train routes.

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Key Arterial Roads Collector Roads Neighborhood Roads Train Tracks

reet

St ain

Where to Spend in Taylors?

40

40

35

35

30

30

25

25

20

20 17

15

15 15

10 8

8

5 4 0

10

11

10

5

7

6 1

Participant Count

Funding Percent

34

5 2

4

1

4

1 0

value count