Everyday Maths: Book 1 - Ages 7-9 by Teacher Superstore

For Ages 7 - 9 r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

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Everyday Maths Book 1

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Mathematics problems set in a real world . te context. o c . c e her r o st super

Written by Jane Bourke. Illustrated by Rod Jefferson. © Ready-Ed Publications - 1997 Published by Ready-Ed Publications P.O. Box 276 Greenwood WA 6024 Email: info@readyed.com.au Website: www.readyed.com.au COPYRIGHT NOTICE Permission is granted for the purchaser to photocopy sufficient copies for non-commercial educational purposes. However this permission is not transferable and applies only to the purchasing individual or institution.

ISBN 1 86397 167 X

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Contents Teachers’ Notes

Pocket Money

Taking Time

Sensational Scores

Tessellating Tiles

Which Way?

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Crazy Faces

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Snail’s Pace 2

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Painting the Playhouse

Bus Stop 1!

Bus Stop 2!

A Trip to the Zoo

Metre Magic

A Weighty Problem

Tall Towers

Snail’s Pace 1

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Area and Perimeter 1

Area and Perimeter 2

. te Growing Gardens Flower Power

Parcel Pick Up Mountain Climbing

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Farmer Frank’s Orchard Menu Madness

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19 © ReadyEdPubl i cat i o ns Pizza Puzzle 20 •f orr evi ew pur poseson y• Fancy Fences 21l

Party Plan 1

Party Plan 2

Puzzle Pages

Answers

39 - 40

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Teachers’ Notes The activities in this book are designed to present real-life problems in a realistic context so as to provide children with situations in which everyday maths comprehension skills are required. The tasks also provide a foundation for the development of problem solving skills and strategies. The activities are based around a set of recurring characters who find themselves exposed to a range of real-life problems that need to be solved; the sort of problems that students may one day encounter. Many of the activities can be described as maths comprehension questions where students are presented with the facts and need to determine ways to manipulate them in order to solve the problem.

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Ideally the pages should be completed in order as several of the activities are related. Activities with two parts must be completed together as the information from one page will be required when working on the second page. Photocopy these back and front.

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Many pages also include a challenge activity which is often an extension of the main problem. Included at the end of the book are a list of brain-teasers that explore lateral and rational thinking. The answer is usually not as obvious as it looks. The ten brain-teasers can be photocopied and individually glued on to card so as to create a set. Students might like to think up their own brain-teasers to add to the set. Problem Solving Strategies There are many strategies for solving every day maths problems. Some of the main problem solving strategies have been explained below. In some cases examples of problems are given where the particular strategy can be applied.

Guess and check: Probably the first strategy children might try and definitely the easiest. By making a guess and checking their answer children have a point of reference on which to base all other guesses. Quags with four legs. There are 31 legs altogether. How many Trogs and how many Quags are in the paddock?

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Act it out: Students quite often need to visualise the problem, especially where people or objects are concerned. Counters, coins and students can be used to help solve the problem. An example: There are 12 players in the tennis championship. Each player stays in the competition until they lose a game. How many games must be played to find the club champion?

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Make a model: When problems cannot be acted out the next best thing is to make a model using cubes, matches and so on. Make a drawing, diagram or graph: Graphs and diagrams are particularly useful for trying different combinations or clarifying information. An example: Fast Harry’s gives away one free drink with every four hamburgers. If a family buys 24 hamburgers, how many free drinks will they receive? Look for a pattern: This strategy can be used in many number and space activities to help simplify the problem: Number patterns: One child has two shoes, two children have four shoes, how many do eight children have? Spatial patterns: How many squares are there on a checker board?

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Construct a table: By organising data in a more meaningful way children can better see relationships, patterns and possibly missing information. This strategy is best used where different information is given about each person or object in the problem. A table can include all the information and eliminate irrelevant information. An example: Al, Bert, Cath and Dino each play sport over the weekend. They all play a different sport. Match the person to their sport based on the following:

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Al doesn’t like swimming but loves cricket Bert likes hockey more than swimming Cath uses a racquet

Swimming

Cricket

Bert

Hockey

Cath Dino

Tennis

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Dino doesn’t play hockey or cricket

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Make a list:• All f possibilities can be listed when using thiso strategy ando again the process of o r r e v i e w p u r p s e s n l y • elimination can be used. The solution can be found through the process of elimination.

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An example: You have three T - shirts: red, blue and yellow; and four pairs of jeans: green, black, navy and light blue. How many different combinations can you wear?

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Restate the problem: This is best used to make sure students fully comprehend the problem and know what they need to do to find the solution.

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An example: Sarah bought 3 new numbers for her letterbox, a 1, a 4 and a 7. What could her street number be?

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This could then be rephrased as: What are all the combinations I can make using a 1, a 4 and a 7? Solve a simpler problem: By exploring a simpler problem, an apparently difficult task can be made easier. Students can look for a pattern and then transfer this pattern to the larger problem. An example: There are 300 pages in a book. How many pages will have at least one “2” on them? First, students could solve how many 2’s there are in 1-100, then between 101-200. Between 200-300 every page is counted, because every page starts with a 2.

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Account for all possibilities: This strategy can be used in addition to some of the strategies already mentioned such as making a list. An example: Emily is buying a can of cola at a vending machine. The can costs $1.30. How many different combinations of coins can she use if the machine takes $1, 50¢, 20¢, 10¢ and 5¢ coins? Use logical reasoning: This strategy involves students using what they already know to solve a problem. A solution can be reached when logical reasoning is used to draw conclusions about mathematics. Strategies involve using models, known facts, properties and relationships to explain thinking.

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An example: Lesley has three pets: a fish, a kitten and a bird. Their names are Freddy, Kenny and Benny. The name of each pet and the kind of pet it is do not start with the same letter. Kenny is not a fish. What are their correct names?

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Work backwards: This strategy works best when a problem is stated so that the final outcome is clear. In such a case the condition that existed earlier needs to be determined. An example: Michael picked some apples with Sam and Brian at Farmer Frank’s farm. Michael picked twice as much as Sam and Brian picked 5 less than Sam. If Sam picked 8 apples, how many did the others pick?

Tips for Students Perhaps these suggestions could be put on a chart for wall display.

3 Make sure you understand the problem. 3

3 Try a variety of strategies.

3 Learn from your mistakes.

3 Check your answers.

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3 Keep a record of your working out for the bigger problems so that you can refer back if needed.

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Pocket Money 1. Neil Number was given his pocket money on Friday. Each week his Mum gives him $2 to spend at the shop. One day Neil Number’s mum spent all her $2 coins and gave Neil two other coins instead.

r o e t s Bo r e 2. Neil Number’s mump has spent all of her $1 and $2 o coins. She only has u k a pile of 50 cent coins left. S

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What two coins add up to $2? .................................................................

How many 50 cent coins will make $2? ...................................................

3. Now that Neil Number’s money is sorted out, he’s off to the shop. Neil Number is never sure of what he wants to buy and needs your help. Circle three items which add up to $2 or less.

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4. All of the items were $2 or less. In the space under each item write the change Neil would get from each one. 5. What item can Neil buy the most of and how many can he buy? ................................................................................................................. Ready-Ed Publications

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Taking Time

Crazy Charlie is making his way to school but is running late as usual! He doesn’t even know what day it is! Use Charlie’s after school timetable below to help answer the questions: Times 4.00 pm

5.00 pm 5.30 pm 6.00 pm

Tuesday

Wednesday Thursday

Baseball

Friday

Football

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4.30 pm

r o e t s B r Volley p balle Guitar o ok u S Swimming Monday

1. He does know that yesterday he played volley ball and that tomorrow he plays baseball.

What day must it be? ...............................................................................

3. How many minutes does Charlie spend on the longest activities? .........

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4. Complete this sentence: Charlie spends as much time on swimming and volley ball as he does on football and .............................................. .

. te week? ....................................................................................................... o c . ch e Draw your weekly after school timetable using the table below: r er o t s super Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 5. How many minutes does Charlie spend on after school activities each

4.00 pm 5.00 pm 6.00 pm

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Sensational Scores

Neil Number’s favourite sport is basketball and he tries to get to at least one game a week. Sometimes Mary Measure and Counting Carrie go with him. It costs $1.00 for each game. On Saturday mornings it is half price.

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u ................................................................................................................. S 2. If all three children go to the Tuesday game, how much will it cost

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1. How much does Neil Number spend on basketball tickets in a week if he goes on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday morning?

them altogether? ......................................................................................

3. This week the Tigers are playing the Giants and Neil Number is very excited because it will be a close game.

The scores were:

Tigers Giants

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a) How many points did the Tigers score in the second quarter?

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. tethe Tigers win by? ............................................................ o c) How much did c . c e r d) The Tigers have wonh their last five matches. o e t r s 34, 56, 24, 42 su These were the scores for their last four matches: er p

b) In which quarter did the Giants score 6 points? ......................................

Including today’s game what is their total points score? ..............................

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Tessellating Tiles

Materials: attribute blocks or shapes.

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Colour in your pattern using three colours.

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Spacy Sam is helping his dad retile the bathroom floor. Spacy Sam’s Dad always asks him to help with these projects because Spacy Sam knows how things can fit together. Sam’s dad wants to use a tile shaped like a hexagon: Draw a pattern here that Spacy Sam could use:

Spacy Sam’s mum thinks that two different shaped tiles might be more interesting. Make a pattern here for these two tiles:

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Colour in your pattern using two colours, one for each shape.

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Spacy Sam’s older brother Ben the builder has bought some spare tiles home from the work site. Make a pattern using one of these tiles. Make sure all of the space is covered:

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Colour your pattern using four colours.

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Which Way?

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Mary Measure is off to deliver an invitation to her birthday party to all her friends. She needs your help to work out what would be the quickest way to go. Draw a red line on the shortest path for Mary to take. How many other ways could she go?

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. thome she remembered that she left her jumperoat Neil When Mary gote c off at . Number’s house. Herc mum also asked her to drop some ironing e he r Spacy Sam’s house. What is the shortest way Mary can go? Use a green o t r s s uper pencil. Challenge: If it takes Mary twenty minutes to walk to Spacy Sam’s house, about how long do you think it would take to walk from Neil Number’s house to Spacy Sam’s house? How can you check this? Ready-Ed Publications

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Crazy Faces

Crazy Charlie is having a clown party and you have been invited. Make a crazy clown mask using these lollies for features. Choose from below to make your mask:

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Nose

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Mouth

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2¢

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Eyes

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You will have to buy the lollies using your pocket money. Draw the different masks you could make matching the cost of the lollies with the price underneath each mask.

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13¢

16¢

1. What is the cheapest mask you can make? ........................................... 2. What is the most expensive mask you can make? ................................. Page 12

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Painting the Playhouse

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Spacy Sam and Mary Measure are going to paint the playhouse in Spacy Sam’s backyard. Sam’s Dad has given them four different colours: Great Green, Petal Pink, Sky Blue and Racy Red. Mary thinks it would be best if they used one colour for the door, one colour for the windows, one colour for the roof and another for the walls. On the playhouses below, colour in all the different combinations they could paint.

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How many different combinations are there? ............................................... Ready-Ed Publications

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A Trip to the Zoo

Miss Adventure is taking the class on a trip to the zoo. There are lots of ways they can get there which include riding bikes, going by cars with parents, taking a ferry or riding in the bus.

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1. Work out how long each type of travel would take: By ferry: ....................................................................... By car: ......................................................................... By bike: .......................................................................

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Miss Adventure knows that riding bikes will take ten minutes longer than the bus and that the car is the quickest way by four minutes. Catching the ferry which takes 28 minutes is twice as long as the bus.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• 2. Miss Adventure decided it would be interesting to catch the ferry on By bus: ........................................................................ the way there and return by bus.

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How long would the class spend on travel time altogether? ................... 3. If the class wants to spend the shortest amount of time on travel,

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what should they do? ...............................................................................

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Metre Magic

Counting Carrie has been helping her dad mark lines on the sports field for the school sports carnival, using a line marker. The line marker makes a clicking sound every time it marks a metre.

r o e t s B r e oo had she marked? ..................................................................................... p u k 2. They need to S mark 4 lines for the 200 metre relay. Each line will be

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1. Carrie walked the marker and heard 100 clicks. How many metres

exactly 200 metres long. How many clicks will Carrie hear? ..................

3. Carrie has marked the boundary of the field and heard 800 clicks.

Students in the long distance run have to run four laps of the field.

What is the total distance of this event? .................................................

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4. If a student is in the long distance run, the 200 m relay and the

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Challenge: At the end of the day, Carrie and her dad had marked the sports field boundary, the four 200 m relay lines and six 100 m relay lines. How many clicks did they hear altogether? ....................................... Ready-Ed Publications

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A Weighty Problem The Measure family are flying overseas for a two month holiday and Mrs Measure has asked Mary to pack a box of books and school things that she will need. The box must not weigh more than 8 kilograms. Mary has weighed all her things using the bathroom scales and needs your help to work out what she can pack. Use the table to help you:

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Object Atlas Dictionary Portable CD Player Fairytale Storybook Paint Set Tennis racquet Box of CDs Nintendo Writing set

Weight 2 kg 1 kg 1 kg 2 kg 1 kg 3 kg 2 kg 3 kg 1 kg

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many more kilos will she be able to add? ................................................

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2. Mary has decided to take the Nintendo and the paint set. She also wants to take the tennis racquet. Will she be able to fit in the writing

. te 3. Mary wants to take as many items as possible without going over 8 o c . c e kilograms. List everything she can take: ................................................. her r o t s super .................................................................................................................

set?...........................................................................................................

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Challenge: What two items must either both be packed or both be left behind? Page 16

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Tall Towers

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Spacy Sam, Crazy Charlie, Counting Carrie, Neil Number and Mary Measure are building towers using blocks. Look at the towers below to help answer the questions:

Spacy Sam

Crazy Charlie

Counting Carrie Neil Number

Mary Measure

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1. Who has built the tallest tower?............................................................... 2. Which child has used the most blocks to build his/her tower?

How many blocks did he/she use? ............ . tethe least amount of blocks? ............................................ o 3. Who has used c . c e 4. Crazy Charlie wants h to e change his tower so that it r has 3 even o t r s s r u e p columns. Using the same amount of blocks how many blocks would .........................................

be in each column? ..................................................................................

Challenge: Can you think of a way that Mary Measure could turn her building into a tower with two columns? How many blocks would be in each column? Ready-Ed Publications

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Snail’s Pace 1

Crazy Charlie, Neil Number and Spacy Sam are racing their snails along the garden path. Mary Measure carefully recorded the results and made a graph for each snail. Use the graphs to answer the questions on the next page.

Min

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Crazy Charlie’s Snail

Spacy Sam’s Snail

Min. 1 2 3 4 5

Cm 10 15 22 37 59

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Min

Min. 1 2 3 4 5

Cm 14 30 32 60 95

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

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Neil Number’s Snail

Min

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

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Mary Measure’s Snail Min

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Min. 1 2 3 4 5

2 1

Cm 12 18 22 24 29

2 1 Cm

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

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Snail’s Pace 2

Minutes 1 2 3 4 5

Distance in Cm 20 45 55 60 75

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Record the results of Mary’s snail on the graph.

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Later on, Mary Measure’s snail had a turn and Neil Number recorded these results:

1. How far did Spacy Sam’s snail move? .................................................... 2. Whose snail moved the shortest distance in the five minutes and

how far did it move? .................................................................................

minutes?...................................................................................................

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4. How many centimetres did Crazy Charlie’s snail move in the

second and third minutes?.......................................................................

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Pizza Puzzle

Mrs Measure has ordered a pizza for the family. Because everyone likes different toppings she asked for the pizza to have four different quarters.

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3 The first topping had ham and pineapple. 3 The second topping had cheese, pepperoni and olives. 3 The third topping had prawns, capsicum and cheese. 3 The fourth topping had mushrooms, olives, cheese and ham.

Can you work out which topping is for which person using the clues below: Matt Measure: “I like olives on my pizza but I don’t like mushrooms.” Mr Measure: “My quarter has only three things in the topping.” Mary Measure: “I love ham but I don’t like cheese.”

Use this table to help you:

Matt

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Mrs Measure

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Mr Measure

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o c . c e Mrs Measure askedh for each quarter to be cut intor three pieces. How e o t r sinto? Show your answer su many pieces did the pizza man cut the pizza r e p here:

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Fancy Fences

Crazy Charlie and Spacy Sam are painting the fence in Spacy Sam’s backyard. There are 36 posts in the fence and they have many choices of colours.

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1. Sam thinks they should use three colours: Ripe Red, Brilliant Orange and Sunny Yellow. If they are going to repeat the pattern over and over how many posts will be painted red?

2. Crazy Charlie thinks it would be much more exciting to use six colours. How many posts of each colour would there be if they use six colours?

.................................................................................................................

3. Spacy Sam’s Mum says that two colours are enough and has chosen red and yellow. How many posts of each colour will there be?

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Colour this fence using a pattern of 9 colours:

Challenge: Crazy Charlie and Spacy Sam have worked out that they take two minutes to paint one post. How long will it take them to paint the whole fence? What will this equal in hours and minutes? Ready-Ed Publications

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Bus Stop 1! Crazy Charlie, Counting Carrie and Neil Number are travelling to the beach on the weekend. They need to catch the bus from Square Station. Help them with their questions by using the bus timetable below:

r o e t s Bo r e o Square Station p Round Station Sandy Beach u k 8.00 am S 8.03 8.15

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Buses to Sandy Beach

8.30 8.33 8.45 9.00 9.03 9.15 9.15 9.18 9.30 9.30 9.33 9.45 10.00 10.03 10.15 ady EdPubl i ca10.30 t i ons 10.15 © Re 10.18 10.30•f 10.33 10.45 orr evi e w pur poses onl y•

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Buses from Sandy Beach Round Station

Square Station

4.00 pm 4.15 4.30 5.00 5.15 5.30 6.00 6.30

4.12 4.27 4.42 5.12 5.27 5.42 6.12 6.42

4.15 4.30 4.45 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.15 6.45

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Sandy Beach

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Bus Stop 2! 1. What time does the earliest bus arrive at Sandy Beach? .......................

r o e t s Bo r e p owill they 3. If the children catch the 5.00 pm bus home, what time k u S arrive at Square Station? ......................................................................... 2. What time does the last bus leave for Sandy Beach in the morning?

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4. Neil Number’s mum has told him that she can pick him up at Round Station on the way home. How much longer will Charlie and Carrie

be on the bus for? ....................................................................................

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5. What is the earliest bus the children can catch home after their

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Challenge: Mr Measure drives the school bus. At the first stop 2 students get on. At the second stop 4 students get on and at the third stop 8 students get on. If students continued to get on at this rate how many students would get on at the fifth stop? Ready-Ed Publications

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Area and Perimeter 1

Materials: 1 cm blocks, string.

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elephant

rhinoceros

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Spacy Sam loves exploring spaces. On a recent trip to the zoo he noticed that the enclosures came in all shapes and sizes. He decided to trace the models of some of the enclosures from the sign at the front. Use Spacy Sam’s models below to help answer the questions over the page.

giraffe

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panda

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birds

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Area and Perimeter 2

1. Using 1 cm blocks, find the area of the enclosures. Hint: Make sure all the space is covered and then count the number of cubes you needed.

r o e t s Boaround each r 3. Using the string, find a e way to measure the distance p is known as the perimeter.o enclosure. This distance Draw a line u k the same length as the perimeter for each enclosure. S Hint: Use the string to measure the distance and mark off the length. The first one has been done for you.

elephant: rhino:

giraffe:

panda:

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monkey:

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2. Which shape has the smallest area? ......................................................

o c . tiger: che e r o t r s s r u e p 4. Which enclosure is shaped like a hexagon? ............................................ lion:

5. Name the shape of the giraffe’s enclosure. .............................................

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Flower Power

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Week 4

12 cm

Week 5

16 cm

Week 6

20 cm

Week 7

24 cm

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Mary Measure and Counting Carrie have been growing a sunflower in Mary’s backyard. They planted the seeds ten weeks ago and have been recording the growth for each week. Use their data to make a growth graph: cm 40 Week 1 2 cm 36 Week 2 4 cm 32 Week 3 8 cm

28 cm

Week 9

4 1

4 5 6 Weeks

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Look at the graph to help you answer the following:

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o c . 2. In what week didc the sunflower grow the least? ...................................... e her r o t s s11:p er 3. Estimate the growth for Weeku ............................................................ 1. After week 2 what is the pattern in the plant’s growth? ...........................

4. When the plant was 31 cm tall, a sunflower bud started to grow. What week did this happen in? ................................................................

Challenge: What week will it be when the plant reaches 60 cm? Page 26

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Farmer Frank’s Orchard Farmer Frank has many orchards on his farm. Draw the trees for each orchard. The first one has been done for you.

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5 rows of 6 peach trees.

2 rows of 10 pear trees.

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4 rows of 5 apple trees.

2 rows of 4 apricot trees.

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. te o 2. Which orchard has the most trees? ......................................................... c . c e he r 3. Which orchard has the longest perimeter? .............................................. o t r s super 1. Which orchard has the least number of trees? ........................................

Hint: Count the number of trees along the fences.

4. Which orchard has the shortest perimeter? .............................................

Challenge: A rectangular orchard has 8 rows of trees and each row has 5 trees along it. How many trees are there altogether? Ready-Ed Publications

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Growing Gardens

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1. Needs 1½ litres a week. Use : 500 mL and 1 L cans

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Mary Measure likes to help her mum out in the garden. She takes care of all the plant watering. The plants in Mrs Measure’s garden need different amounts of water and Mary is careful to measure the right amount for each plant. Choose the best watering cans Mary should use for each of the plants below. Write the numbers of the cans next to the plant. The first one has been done for you.

2. Needs 3 litres a week.

Use: ............................................

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5. Needs 7 litres a week. Use ..............................................

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Use: .............................................

6. Needs 13 litres a week.

Use: ............................................

o c . Challenge: c e h r Mary Measure wants toe fertilize the plants. Sheo needs two teaspoons t r s s r fertiliser Mary needs for emuch of fertiliser for each litre. Worku outp how each plant.

1. ............................................... 2. ................................................. 3. ............................................... 4. ................................................. 5. ............................................... 6. ................................................. Page 28

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Menu Madness

Neil Number and Crazy Charlie are at the Mathemia Cafe. They are busy looking at all the different dishes to choose from.

Entree

Dessert

r o e t Mousse s Bo Chocolate r e Banana Split p o u k Fruit Salad S

Roast LLamb amb and V egetables Vegetables L asagne Grilled Fish

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Potato Soup Vegetable Soup Potato W edges Wedges

Main

List ten different combinations they could have: e.g. Potato Soup, Roast Lamb and Vegetables, Chocolate Mousse. 1. .................................................................................... 2. .................................................................................... 3. ....................................................................................

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• 5. .................................................................................... 4. ....................................................................................

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7. .................................................................................... 8. ....................................................................................

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6. ....................................................................................

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Challenge: How many combinations are possible? Each combination should include an entree, main and dessert in that order. Ready-Ed Publications

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Parcel Pick Up

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Spacy Sam has a part-time job delivering parcels for the Post Office. He is off to deliver some parcels to his friends. Draw a line to match the name of the shape with each parcel. Rectangle Square Triangle Diamond Cylinder

Spacy Sam gets paid different amounts for each type of parcel. These are the rates:

20¢

25¢

15¢

45¢

30¢

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Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

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Total Pay: ......................................................................................................

Challenge: One day Spacy Sam delivered five parcels. Four of the parcels were the same shape and the other one was a cylinder. Altogether he received $1.15 for that day. What shape were the other parcels? Page 30

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Mountain Climbing

Spacy Sam, Crazy Charlie and Counting Carrie are hiking up the side of Mount Manypeaks. Carrie is in charge of recording how far they have hiked. She has worked out that every two steps they take are equal to one metre.

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u have they climbed? .................................................................................. S 2. During the next half hour Carrie counted 106 steps. How many

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1. After half an hour they have taken 126 steps. How many metres

metres did they climb? .............................................................................

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3. After two hours of hiking they have reached a sign that says “You

have climbed 200 metres.” How many steps must the children have

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taken in the second hour? .......................................................................

take in the last hour? ...............................................................................

Challenge: When the children came down the mountain they only took two hours. After one hour they had climbed down 90 m. How many steps did they have to walk before they were at the bottom? Ready-Ed Publications

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Party Plan 1

There are several things that need to be organised at Spacy Sam’s party.

Drinks

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Seventeen children are at the party. Spacy Sam’s mum bought lemonade, lime cordial and orange juice. She asked Counting Carrie to help her with the orders. 1. Counting Carrie worked out that three children wanted lime cordial and that three times as many children wanted lemonade. The number of children that wanted orange juice was two more than the number who asked for lime cordial. Please explain to Spacy Sam’s mum exactly how many of each drink she needs to pour. Lime cordial:................................. Orange juice: ...............................

Lemonade: ...................................

Spacy Sam’s mum thought she’d ask Neil Number for the food orders. She was serving mini pizzas, sausage rolls and hot dogs.

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2. Neil Number discovered that the number of hot dog orders was three less than the number of pizza orders. The number of pizza orders was twice as much as the number of sausage roll orders and there were five orders for hot dogs. Exactly how much of each food does Spacy Sam’s mum need?

o c . Mini pizzas:............................................................................................... che e r o t r Sausage rolls: .......................................................................................... s super Hot dogs: ..................................................................................................

Challenge: Spacy Sam wants to play a game of Musical Bobs. All seventeen children are playing. If two people get out each time the music stops, how many times will the music stop before there is only one person left? Page 32

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Party Plan 2

Birthday cake

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It’s time to eat the birthday cake at Spacy Sam’s party. Sam’s mum made three different sized cakes because she wasn’t sure how many children would like a slice. Cut the cakes into even pieces by drawing lines for the cuts:

16 pieces

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Spacy Sam’s older sister Sally has made up lolly bags for each of the 17 children at the party. Each bag has three jelly beans, four jubes and three chocolates. How many lollies did she need to make up all of the bags?

. t e o Jubes: ..................................................................... c . c e her r Chocolates: ............................................................. o t s super Jelly beans: .............................................................

Total:........................................................................

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Puzzle Pages

Guess and Check

Challenge: Mrs Number has made 20 chocolate brownies. She wants to split them between Neil Number and Neil’s baby sister Nellie, making sure that Neil receives exactly six more than Nellie. How many brownies will each child get?

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Show your working out here:

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Show your working out here:

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Challenge: Counting Carrie decided to make and sell her own lemonade and set up a stall. On Monday she had five customers. On Tuesday she had eight customers. On Wednesday she had eleven customers. If she keeps up at this rate how many customers will she have on Friday?

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Puzzle Pages

Working Backwards

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Show your working out here:

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Challenge: Chicken Pox Panic. Counting Carrie was at school one day when all of a sudden children started showing signs of chicken pox. At 9.00 am half the children in the class were sent home. At 11.00 am, half of the remaining students were sent home. At 1.00 pm half of the remaining children were sent home. Carrie and Crazy Charlie were the only two left. How many students were in the class at the beginning of the day?

Look for a Pattern

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Challenge: Crazy Charlie has a new computer game called Thunder World. On Monday he reached level 1. On Tuesday he reached level 3 and the next day he made it to level 6. On his fourth day he made it to level 10. If he continues to increase the number of levels by one each time, how many days will he have been playing before he rescues the Thunder God at the 28th level?

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Show your working out here:

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Puzzle Pages

Working Backwards

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Show your working out here:

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Challenge: Spacy Sam is having a birthday party with Mary Measure. They have both made up invitation lists. Sam has 12 people on his list and Mary has 15. Mrs Measure has noticed that 7 people from Sam’s list are on Mary’s list. How many invitations will they need to send out altogether?

Look for a Pattern

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Challenge: Piggy Bank Counting Carrie is saving all her coins. The first day she placed one coin in her piggy bank. The very next day she saved 2 coins and on the third day, 4 more coins went into her piggy bank. If she continues to double the amount of coins she saves each day, how many coins will be in her piggy bank on the eighth day?

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Show your working out here:

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Puzzle Pages

Use a table

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S Poodle

Neil Number Crazy Charlie

Goldfish

German shepherd

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Challenge: Pet Puzzle Crazy Charlie, Neil Number, Spacy Sam and Mary Measure each bought a new pet at the pet shop. The four pets included a poodle, a goldfish, a German shepherd and a kitten. Use these clues to work out who bought what: Neil Number and Crazy Charlie don’t like dogs. Mary always wanted a smaller dog and Neil could only afford to buy the goldfish. Kitten

Mary Measure

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Challenge: Breakfast Bar Stools At the local cafe, there are a mixture of four legged stools and three legged stools for customers to sit on. Counting Carrie counted 15 stools with a total of 54 legs altogether. How many of each kind of stool are in the cafe? Show your working out here:

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Puzzle Pages

Draw a Picture

Challenge: Marble Whiz 8 children are in a marble competition. They play in pairs and then the winners of each game play each other until there is only one winner left. How many games will have been played altogether?

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Show your working out here:

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Sam

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Challenge: Who sits where? Spacy Sam, Neil Number, Mary Measure and Counting Carrie are playing cards around the table. Carrie is on the right of Sam and Sam is sitting across from Neil. Can you work out where each child sits?

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ANSWERS

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Pocket Money (Page 7) 1. Two $1 dollar coins 2. Four 3. Answers will vary 4. $1.60, 40¢, $1.45, 1¢, 0, 50¢, $1.75, $1.50, 40¢ 5. Eight lollipops. Taking Time (Page 8) 1. Tuesday 2. 1 hour 3. 60 4. Baseball 5. 210. Sensational Scores (Page 9) 1. $2.50 2. $3.00 3. (a) 22 (b) Fourth (c) 2 points (d) 226. Tessellating Tiles (Page 10) Answers will vary. Which Way? (Page 11) Check answers. Challenge: Ten minutes. Crazy Faces (Page 12) 1. 12¢ 2. 21¢. Painting the Playhouse (Page 13) 24. A Trip to the Zoo (Page 14) 1. Ferry - 28 minutes, Car - 10 minutes, Bikes - 24 minutes, Bus - 14 minutes. 2. 42 minutes 3. Go by car. Metre Magic (Page 15) 1. 100 2. 800 3. 3200 4. 3500. Challenge: 2200 clicks A Weighty Problem (Page 16) 1. 3 kg 2. Yes 3. Mary can take 6 items without going over 8kg; check combinations. Challenge: The CD Player and the box of CDs. Tall Towers (Page 17) 1. Spacy Sam 2. Mary Measure, 90 blocks 3. Crazy Charlie 4. 10. Challenge: 45. Snail’s Pace 2 (Page 19) 1. 95 cm 2. Neil’s - 29 cm 3. 63 cm 4. 22 cm. Pizza Puzzle (Page 20) Mary - 1, Matt - 2, Mrs Measure - 4, Mr Measure - 3. Challenge: 12. Fancy Fences (Page 21) 1. 12 2. 6 3. 18. Challenge: 72 minutes or I hour and 12 minutes. Bus Stop 2 (Page 23) 1. 8.15 am 2. 10.30 am 3. 5.15 pm 4. 3 minutes 5. 4.00 pm. Challenge: 32 students. Area and Perimeter 2 (Page 25) 4. Elephant 5. Oval. Flower Power (Page 26) 1. It grows 4 cm every week 2. Week 1 3. 40 cm 4. Week 9. Challenge: Week 16. Farmer Frank’s Orchard (Page 27) 1. Apricot - 8, 2. Peaches - 30, 3. Pears - 24, 4. Apricot - 12. Challenge: 40.

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Answers Cont.

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Growing Gardens (Page 28) 2. 3 x 1 L 3. 4 L, 2 x 1 L 4. 8 L, 1 L and 500 mL; or 3 x 1 L and 500 mL 5. 4 L and 3 x 1L 6. 8 L, 4 L, 1 L. Challenge: Teaspoons - 1. 3; 2. 6; 3. 12; 4. 19; 5. 14; 6. 26. Menu Madness (Page 29) Challenge: There are 27 different combinations. Parcel Pick Up (Page 30) Monday - $1.00; Tuesday - $1.15; Wednesday - $1.05; Thursday - $1.75; Friday - 85¢. Total: $5.80. Challenge: Diamonds. Mountain Climbing (Page 31) 1. 63 m 2. 53 m 3. 168 steps 4. 100 steps. Challenge: 320 steps. Party Plan 1 (Page 32) 1. Lemonade - 9; Lime cordial - 3; Orange juice - 5. 2. Mini pizzas - 8, Sausage rolls - 4; Hot dogs - 5. Challenge: 8 times. Party Plan 2 (Page 33) Cakes: check answers, Lolly Bags: Jelly beans - 51, Jubes - 68, Chocolates - 51, Total - 170 lollies. Puzzle Page (Page 34) Neil - 13, Nellie - 7. 17 customers. Puzzle Page (Page 35) 16 children. 7 days. Puzzle Page (Page 36) Twenty. 255 coins. Puzzle Page (Page 37) Neil - goldfish, Charlie - kitten, Mary - poodle, Sam - German shepherd. Six 3 legged stools and nine 4 legged stools. Puzzle Page (Page 38) 7 games. Who sits where? Sam

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