Language Step-Up Series: Commas, Quotation Marks & Apostrophes

Ready-Ed Publications

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Commas, Quotation Marks and Apostrophes

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rimar yl Ages) (For Primar rimary ©(F Ror eadP yEdPub i c at i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

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Written by Lyn Catchpole. Illustrated by Rod Jefferson. © Ready-Ed Publications - 1995.

Published by Ready-Ed Publications (1995) P.O. Box 276 Greenwood W.A. 6024 COPYRIGHT NOTICE Permission is granted for the purchaser to photocopy sufficient copies for non-commercial educational purposes.

However, this permission is not transferable and applies only to the purchasing individual or institution.

ISBN 1 86397 101 7

The activities contained in this book allow teachers to meet the requirements of the various English State curriculum documents with regard to the Writing strand. The book provides opportunities for the consolidation of language skills that children should be equipped with as a result of their primary schooling.

As shown in the Contents below the approach is basic and simple - teach the skill; reinforce it in a variety of ways; use it in context as often as possible.

CONTENTS

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‘COMMAS’ SECTION

Teacher Information Page

3

Commas (1) and (2) - using commas in lists

Commas (6) - separating events in a list

Commas (7) - separating words of further explanation

6,7,8

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Commas (3), (4), (5) - separating items in a list

4,5

9

10

Commas (8) - separating a person spoken to from the rest of the sentence

11

Commas (9) - in an address

12

Commas (10) - in days and dates

13

14 © R e a d y E d P u b l i c a t i o n s Commas (12) - using after signal words 15 • f o r evi ew pur posesonl y•16,17 Commas test andr answers Commas (11) - separating clauses

Checklist of skills

18

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Teacher Information Page Quotation marks for direct speech Activity Pages (1) to (7)

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‘QUOTATION MARKS’ SECTION

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Quotation marks for split quotations (1), (2), (3)

19

20 - 28

29 - 31

Quotation marks - Revision

32

Quotation marks test

33

Checklist of skills

34

‘POSSESSIVE APOSTROPHES’ SECTION Teacher Information Page Possessive apostrophes (1), (2)

35 36,37

Crazy possessives

38

Punctuation Revision

39

Checklist of skills Page 2

40

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Teacher Information P age Page

Commas

R Commas

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Commas are used...

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1. To separate items in a list, e.g. + It was a cold, frosty day. + The dog traipsed mud over the kitchen floor, lounge room, rug and onto the bedroom carpet.

2. To separate a word or words in a sentence, which give further explanation, e.g. + The zoo keeper, who came from Ireland, enjoyed his work here.

3. To separate a person spoken to from the rest of the sentence, e.g. + John, wait near the door.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons In dates to separate days and dates, e.g.

• f o r r e v i e w p ur posesonl y• + It is Friday, 27th July, 1995.

5.

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6. After the greeting and the conclusion of a letter, e.g. + Dear Sam, .................................................. ..................................................

Your friend, Joe.

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4. To separate parts of an address when used in a sentence, e.g. + Their address is 24 Park Street, West Exmouth, England.

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7. To separate clauses, e.g. + When the last people arrive, we can all go inside.

8. After ‘yes’ or ‘no’, e.g. + No, it is not allowed!

9. After signal words at the beginning of a sentence, e.g. + Therefore, we shall have to leave early.

10. In direct speech, at the end of a quotation which is a statement, e.g. + “I saw him yesterday,” Gail said.

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Page 3

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commas

Commas (1) - using commas in lists Commas are used to separate items in a list (if ‘and’ or ‘or’ are used, no comma is needed).

R Insert commas in the correct places in the following:

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2.

The elephants stampeded charged and trampled the village.

3.

The ocean was crystal blue calm and peaceful.

4.

It was a long scary dark night.

5.

Many small lonely orphaned children were sent to happy caring families.

6.

The severe cyclonic storm left a trail of devastating unrepairable damage.

7.

Many children enjoy reading long detailed novels.

8.

The pink grey and white galah sat on the top branch of the old gnarled tree.

9.

The children were on camp last Friday Saturday Sunday and Monday.

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We washed and wiped and put away the dishes.

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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons oar r e v i ew pur po s eso l y• The list• canf be series of events or actions.

Insert the commas inn these:

1.

Mary stood on a bee yelled and ran to her mother.

2.

The Browns travelled via the coast road over the mountains and through the valley.

3.

Christmas is a time for giving presents receiving presents and visiting family and friends.

4.

The car engine made a strange noise let out steam and then stalled.

5.

During the night Dad got up when he heard the dog bark a crash in the backyard and a number of voices.

6.

We camped under a shady tree below a knoll next to the river.

7.

The lone sailor left on Sunday sailed towards Africa made good progress for the first five days then lost the wind and was becalmed for a week.

8.

The divers collected shells seaweed and some crustaceans before they were scared off by a small shark.

9.

The child looked around couldn’t find his parents and realized he was lost.

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10. After I come home from the shop I have to ring Auntie Sue Mrs Graham Telstra and the school.

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10. The rock concert was loud crowded and started late but the group sang their best songs performed for two hours and had the audience totally involved.

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Commas

Commas (2) - using commas in lists R Rewrite these statements as one sentence and include the commas.

1.

John liked fishing.

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John liked sailing.

John liked hiking.

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The book is new.

The book is interesting.

The book is exciting.

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2.

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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons The water iso polluted.

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3.

The water is murky.

The water is smelly.

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4.

To be successful you need to work hard.

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To be successful you need to take risks.

To be successful you need to apply yourself.

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5.

In medieval times there were knights.

In medieval times there was jousting.

In medieval times there were castles. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

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commas

Commas (3) - separating items in a list Commas are used to separate items or actions.

R Rewrite these statements as one sentence and include the commas.

Then extend the sentences with your own ideas, e.g.

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John likes fishing, sailing and hiking and is therefore very fit and healthy because he spends a lot of time outdoors.

The film was exciting.

The film was scary.

The film was set in England.

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1.

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2.

Ice skating is fun.

Ice skating can cause an injury.

Ice skating is good exercise.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• Football is popular.

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3.

Football is played every week.

Football is televised.

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4.

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The tree is very tall.

The tree is very old.

The tree is in danger of dying.

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5.

To make a cake you need flour.

To make a cake you need butter and sugar.

To make a cake you need eggs.

To make a cake you need a measuring bowl. ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

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Commas

Commas (4) - separating items in a list R Use the following sets of words to write you own extended sentences included a list, with commas, of items or events.

1.

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car rally red vintage race

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2.

shopping presents food repairs car

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3.

birthday party park races games friends

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•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

in the car by train long holiday in a yacht

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5.

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roses camellias palms Mrs Grey years shows

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6.

fire brigade danger fireman burning searing ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

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Commas (5) - separating items in a list R Use the following sets of items to write your own extended sentences including a list, with commas, of items and events.

1.

On a holiday to Asia

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flight path to America for three months

to Europe with my family

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2.

over the bridge

Mary and Jane

through the tunnel

beside the lake

Kathy and Louise passed the old dead tree

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

3.

a new dress

a bicycle

some books

a doll

some games

a lovely birthday party

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4.

a flute

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a trombone

pan flutes

wind instruments

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5.

penguins snakes

monkeys birds

giraffes elephants nocturnal animals

lions and tigers zoo

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Commas (6) - separating events in a list R Use the following to write your own extended sentences.

Remember to put in the commas.

1.

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tripped over the hose knocked over a bucket dropped all the leaves cut his knee

the garden bin

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.............................................................................................

2.

picked up the torch lit the candles

knock at the door power came

found the matches on again

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3.

got into the cara © ReadyEdP u b l i c t i o n s went to a neighbour’s house •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ............................................................................................................................................

locked the door left the key noticed the bag was missing

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train every morning compete each week

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train every evening be motivated

be very fit have a desire to win

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5.

admired the paintings had afternoon tea travelled in the train met a friend enjoyed the exhibition

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Commas (7) - separating words of further explanation Commas are used to separate a word or words which give further explanation.

Example: My friend, John, left for France yesterday.

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R Put commas in these sentences:

2.

Washington America’s capital is very cold in winter.

3.

Yesterday the first day of winter was my birthday.

4.

Peter the boy next door helped push our car.

5.

My car the old bomb over there is being traded in on a new car.

6.

The school principal Mr Black was sick yesterday.

7.

My cat the Persian was found on the roof next door.

8.

Our club president Judy Shaw made a good speech.

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One day this week Wednesday we are going to the cinema.

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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons 11. Last month April was the first month in our new house.

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• 9.

The singer Phil Collins won an award.

10. You can meet my sister Gail Bellows.

12. It is in their opinion the only solution left.

Pat Browne

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artist

gallery

exhibition

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R Create sentences which use commas, using the following ideas.

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2.

rocket

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flight

Cape Canaveral

Tuesday

early last week

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3.

her horse

pet

fifth birthday

Shetland pony

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4.

the new book

cookery book

released last Monday

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Commas

Commas (8) - separating a person spoken to from the rest of the sentence

Commas are used to separate a person spoken to from the rest of the sentence.

Example: Harry, have you seen your brother today?

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R Put commas in these sentences.

Please find a seat Mrs Grey.

2.

Grant open the door please.

3.

Joe and Tim have you seen my gardening rake?

4.

Come quickly Shelley you’re going to be late!

5.

That’s a great picture Sam.

6.

When you get home Jane put it in the cupboard.

7.

Mr Crawley your turn in next.

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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons 9. Watch out Chris the pot is very hot!

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• 10. If you leave now Jade you’ll catch the 8 p.m. train.

8.

Leave it in the car Rose until the presentation.

R Fill in the commas and complete each sentence.

3.

4.

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If you wait Mr Gordon ..........................................................................................................

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Paul where is .......................................................................................................................

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Now they’ve gone Sally .......................................................................................................

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Hey I didn’t know .................................................................................................................

5.

Go home Jack and ..............................................................................................................

6.

Aunty Joy when can you......................................................................................................

7.

Dr Cohen what.....................................................................................................................

8.

Come here Allan I need to ...................................................................................................

9.

In a minute Mr and Mrs White it will ..................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

10. Greg take care .....................................................................................................................

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Commas (9) - in an address Commas are used to separate parts of an address when used in a sentence.

Example: 23 John Street, Amberton, West Virginia.

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R Place the commas in these sentences.

I live at 61 Temple Road Cloudhaven Upper Ridge.

2.

The mail was delivered to 101 Drake Street Brentwood Wales.

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We gave directions to the taxi driver to take us to 16 Night Crescent Allington.

4.

We visited Auckland New Zealand.

5.

Sam’s address is 54B South Terrace Cranville.

6.

Mt Blanc France is a long way from here.

R Write the addresses for the following people or objects by finishing the sentences.

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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons ............................................................................................................................................

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1.

My address is ......................................................................................................................

2.

My grandparent’s address is ...............................................................................................

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I write to someone at ........................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

4.

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My school is at ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

5.

Disneyland is in ...................................................................................................................

6.

You will find the Eiffel Tower in ............................................................................................

7.

If you wish to see Big Ben you will have to go to .................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

8.

My favourite town is .............................................................................................................

9.

I have been on holiday to ....................................................................................................

10. I would love to visit ..............................................................................................................

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Commas

Commas (10) - in days and dates Commas are used to separate days and dates.

Example: Today is Monday, 27th May, 1996.

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R Place commas correctly in these dates:

2.

We are leaving on holiday on Sunday 19th January 1996.

3.

My friend arrives by plane on Wednesday 29th August.

4.

Joe’s birthdate is the 18th April 1977.

5.

They left Sydney on Tuesday 2nd September 1985.

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I saw the film on Friday 5th November.

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R Write days and dates with commas to complete the following sentences: 1.

I was born on ........................................................................................................................

2.

New Year’s Day next year is on.............................................................................................

3.

4.

5.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons I started on ................................................................................................................

•school f or r evi ew pur posesonl y•

Christmas Day this year is on ...............................................................................................

A special ceremony we celebrate is .................................................................................. on

7.

8.

My mum’s birthdate is ...........................................................................................................

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My dad’s birthdate is ............................................................................................................

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A special date I remember is ................................................................................................

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because ...............................................................................................................................

9.

The next school holidays commence on ................................................................................

10. This year school started on ...................................................................................................

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commas

Commas (11) - separating clauses Commas are used to separate the main clause from subordinate clauses.

Example: If you leave soon, you will catch the train.

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R Insert the commas in the following sentences:

2.

As soon as we see the plane take off we can head home.

3.

If Bob buys the food we can bring the tent.

4.

Although we left early we still missed the start of the race.

5.

When the coach arrived the players had already been practising for ten minutes.

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When Mary leaves we can all go outside.

R Rewrite this paragraph putting in the commas to separate the clauses.

Today is the day the dentist bus comes to school. The teacher calls a list of names saying them alphabetically. My last name is Wyett so I always have to wait until the end of the list to see if it is my turn to go. Sometimes especially during maths I hope that my name will be called. Other times I hope that I am not on the list. The people who are called have to wait next to the bus under the oak trees. The bus drives them to the dentist’s office which is in the next town.

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Commas

Commas (12) - using after signal words Commas are used after signal words which might begin a sentence.

Example: Therefore, we will leave early.

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R Place the commas in the correct place below.

2.

Oh I didn’t notice you.

3.

Well is this where you went?

4.

Therefore it needs to be completed quickly.

5.

Incidentally John has not finished that job yet.

6.

By the way I need to see Sue about her book.

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So you see we need to give it a try.

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1.

R Finish these sentences with your own endings. Remember the comma!

1.

2.

3.

Therefore .............................................................................................................................

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Hey ......................................................................................................................................

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If so ......................................................................................................................................

Oh dear ...............................................................................................................................

5.

However ..............................................................................................................................

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Commas are used after ‘yes’ or ‘no’.

Example: No, I can’t see you now.

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R Place the commas correctly in the sentences below.

1.

Yes we will pick up the parcel.

2.

No the car didn’t finish the race.

3.

Yes Ashley left for Fiji yesterday.

4.

No your photographs aren’t ready yet.

R Finish these.

1.

Yes ......................................................................................................................................

2.

No ........................................................................................................................................

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commas

Comma Test R A. Put the missing commas into this passage.

Eggs mild fruit vegetables bread and meat are all considered healthy foods. However they way they are cooked can make them unhealthy. Frying foods especially deep frying them makes them fatty. Using lots of butter sugar and cream in a dish adds lots of calories. The best way to cook food is to steam it bake it or microwave it. Foods cooked by these methods don’t lose any vitamins which can happen if you boil or fry food.

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R B. Rewrite this piece putting in all missing commas.

Mr David Jones a nutrition expert has written a recipe book to help people eat healthily. His recipes follow three basic rules:

Eat less red meat. Chicken turkey and fish are tasty substitutes for beef pork and lamb.

Eat more vegetables and fruit. Using only tomatoes lettuce cucumber and onions you can create a yummy filling meal.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ...................................................................................................................................................

Use different methods of cooking.

“It is easy to eat healthily feel healthier and live longer” Mr Jones said. “The recipes in my book are simple to prepare and tasty to eat.”

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R C. Rewrite this piece putting in all the missing commas.

To buy Mr Jones’s book - Eating To Live Longer - send $13.00 to 13 Brick Street Albertown USA. Orders received before 10 December this year will receive a free gift. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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Answers to ‘Comma Test’ (Page 16) A. Eggs, milk, fruit, vegetables, bread, butter and meat are all considered healthy foods. However, they way they are cooked can make them unhealthy. Frying foods, especially deep frying them, makes them fatty. Using lots of butter, sugar or cream in a dish adds lots of calories. The best way to cook food is to steam it, bake it or microwave it. Foods cooked by these methods don’t lose any vitamins, which can happen if you boil or fry food.

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B. Mr David Jones, a nutrition expert, has written a recipe book to help people to eat healthily. His recipes follow three basic rules: Eat less red meat. Chicken, turkey and fish are tasty substitutes for beef, pork and lamb.

Eat more vegetables and fruit. Using only tomatoes, lettuce, cucumber and onions you can create a yummy, filling meal.

Use different methods of cooking.

“It is easy to eat healthily, feel healthier and live longer,” Mr Jones said. “The recipes in my book are simple to prepare and tasty to eat.”

C. To buy Mr Jones’s book - Eating To Live Longer - send $13.00 to 13 Brick Street, Albertown, USA. Orders received before 10 December this year will receive a free gift.

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Commas Checklist of Skills Name ................................................................. Date ..............................................................

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Uses commas correctly ...

Always

Usually

Occasionally

R to separate items in a list

R to separate words which give further explanation R to separate person spoken to R to separate parts of an address R in dates

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons to separate main and subordinate clauses •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• after ‘yes’ or ‘no’

R in greetings and conclusions of letters R R

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R to separate events in a list

R in direct speech

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R after signal words

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Teacher Information P age Page R Quotation Marks Quotation marks are used for ...

R Commas

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Commas are used...

2. Titles of books, plays, songs, and films, e.g. + Have you seen “Robin Hood”?

3. Quotations inside quotations, e.g. + Keith replied, “I know a song called ‘Imagine’ by the Beatles.”

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1. Direct speech The works actually spoken by someone are enclosed in quotation marks, e.g. + The teacher said, “Put down your pencils please.”

4. Words not used in the usual meaning, e.g. + “John has been behaving like a real “goose” all day,” said the teacher.

5.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons The explanation of the meaning of words, e.g.

•f or ev i e wmorning.” pur posesonl y• + Buono giorno isr Italian for “Good

Note:

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1. When the speaker comes last. + The words actually spoken are enclosed in quotation marks. + The first word spoken has a capital letter. + A comma separates the last word from the person doing the speaking unless it is a question or exclamation. e.g.

“Alicia will have to leave soon,” said mum.

“May I go to the shop?” Jenny asked.

“What a magnificent drawing!” Nancy exclaimed.

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2. When the speaker comes first. + The words actually spoken are enclosed in quotation marks. + A capital letter begins the direct speech. + A full stop, question mark or exclamation mark finishes the speech, inside the quotation marks. e.g.

After the lesson, Chris said, “We need to hurry to the next class.”

Jamie asked, “Can you go to the movie with us?”

Dad shouted, “What a mess!”

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quotation marks

Quotation marks for direct speech (1) Quotation marks are used for direct speech.

Example: “I like your new game,” said Frank.

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R Rewrite these sentences, putting in the speech marks.

1.

I’ll be over as soon as I can, said Helen. ................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

2.

Jim left last Tuesday, answered Tony. ....................................................................................

3.

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............................................................................................................................................

Can you leave the window open? asked Melanie. ................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................

4.

Mrs Frazer said, It’s nearly the end of the lesson. .................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................

5.

What about leaving the dish out? suggested Ben. ................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................

6.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons The girls whispered, by the back • f orleave r ev i e wdoor. p......................................................................... ur posesonl y•

The policeman shouted, Hey, stop, you dropped your bag!.................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

7.

............................................................................................................................................

R Finish these sentences by writing your own quotation. Put in the quotation marks.

Jan asked the shopkeeper, ...................................................................................................

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1.

............................................................................................................................................

2.

The old man said gently, .......................................................................................................

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3.

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When he’d finished washing the car, Dad said, ..................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

4.

Jackie screamed, ................................................................................................................. as the toddler walked near the edge of the cliff.

5.

The judge asked, ................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................

6.

After the basketball game, the boys commented, ............................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

7.

When the results came out, Keith suggested, ........................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

8.

................................................................................................ ? the teacher asked Daniel.

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Quotation Marks

Quotation marks for direct speech (2) Quotation marks are used to enclose direct speech.

R Fill in the speech bubbles.

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

One monkey said, “This is a strange looking banana.”

Teac he r

ew i ev Pr

The other monkey replied, “Owww.

Give me back my tail.”

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur po sesonl y• The shopkeeper shouted, “Help!

Thief.”

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The thief responded, “Thanks, but I don’t need any help.”

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Big Joe shouted, “Where are you?”

“Down here,” replied Little Joe.

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quotation marks

R Use quotation marks to show the conversations in the speech bubbles in sentences. ......................................................... .........................................................

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......................................................... ......................................................... .........................................................

......................................................... ......................................................... .........................................................

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•f orr evi ew pur p osesonl y• ..............................................................

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.............................................................. .............................................................. .............................................................. .............................................................. .............................................................. ..............................................................

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TEMPLATE

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•f orr evi ew pur po sesonl y• ..............................................................

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quotation marks

Quotation marks for direct speech (3) R Read this passage.

I’m taller than you, Matlin said to Fern.

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You are not, Fern protested.

I am too, Matlin said.

Well I’m smarter than you, Fern said to Matlin.

I am too, Fern smirked.

I’m quicker than you, Matlin argued.

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Teac he r

You are not, Matlin cried.

I’ll race you to the house then, Fern shouted. First one there gets the chocolate biscuit.

When Matlin reached the door, Fern was already inside.

You are not, she laughed, showing him the empty biscuit wrapper.

R Underline all the words actually spoken in the story above. Rewrite them below using quotation marks and punctuation. Include the speaker.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons .........................................................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ......................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................

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Quotation Marks

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

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Quotation marks for direct speech (4)

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

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R Write a story about what’s happening in the picture. Include direct speech which you think the characters may be saying to each other. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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quotation marks

Quotation marks for direct speech (5) R Rewrite these, punctuating them correctly.

1.

the woman said they will be back soon ...............................................................................

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............................................................................................................................................

2.

lisa said I have taken that book back to the library .............................................................. ............................................................................................................................................ carl asked When will you get the new ball ...........................................................................

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3.

4.

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............................................................................................................................................

my friend commented I like your choice of colour................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

5.

the stranger yelled Look out the rock is falling .................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

6.

her brother said Come and play after lunch ........................................................................

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons ............................................................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ............................................................................................................................................

7.

the child cried Ive lost my toy boat ......................................................................................

8.

after the game belinda said Lets go to the shop for a drink ................................................. ............................................................................................................................................ can we come too asked the children ...................................................................................

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9.

............................................................................................................................................

10. your dog is in my back yard said our neighbour ..................................................................

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............................................................................................................................................

11. weve been on holiday to america said mr and mrs larson ................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

12. the train is very late exclaimed the young lady .................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

13. when will you need your car asked the mechanic ............................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

14. jason and sandy will be leaving on Saturday explained mr grant ........................................ ............................................................................................................................................

15. watch out shouted the policeman from his car .................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

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Quotation Marks

Quotation marks for direct speech (6) R Put the missing quotation marks in the paragraph.

Then continue the story, using some direct speech.

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

Read me a story, Tim asked.

Once upon a time, Dad started.

What time? Tim asked.

A long time ago. Probably about 400 BC, Dad said.

What was her name? Tim asked.

Gertrude, Dad said. Gertrude Snapper Fliffenfoffer.

Once upon a time there was a princess who lived in a palace near the sea.

What sea? Tim asked.

The Mediterranean, Dad said. She went swimming every day. Do you want to hear what else she did?

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Teac he r

Once upon a time, there was a princess.

© R e a d y E d P u b l i c a t i o n s .....................................................................................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• .....................................................................................................................................................................

Yes, Tim said.

.....................................................................................................................................................................

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..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................................

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quotation marks

Quotation marks for direct speech (7) R Rewrite the passage below, putting in the correct punctuation. when they arrive we can go inside julie said

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its cold out here why are they taking so long winifred whined

john had to go to the bank then he had to pick up liz julie explained they shouldnt be too much longer unless liz wasnt ready shes always running late

Teac he r

sorry were late john explained my car broke down the bus was late and liz couldnt find her purse no worries julie said lets go inside and eat

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a bus turned the corner slowing down as it approached the two girls john and liz jumped from the bus door

................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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Quotation Marks

Quotation marks for split quotations (1) Sometimes direct speech is broken in the middle of the sentence by an explanation of who the speaker is.

Example: “Therefore,” said Mr Green, “you need to leave early.”

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

R Rewrite these examples, punctuating them correctly.

1.

mary she called where is your bag ......................................................................................

2.

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............................................................................................................................................

the moon the scientist explained is much smaller than the earth ........................................ ............................................................................................................................................

3.

in there explained the curator you’ll find the old box ........................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

4.

how much asked the girl will this all cost .............................................................................

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Id like to see you said miss cole after one o’clock ...............................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

6.

we know you like it this way said mrs gordon but it takes too long to finish ........................

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5.

7.

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christopher columbus the teacher explained sailed to america ...........................................

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8.

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this is the last time dad said I will be able to give you a lift .................................................. ............................................................................................................................................

9.

we will be home late matthew replied because the show finishes late ................................ ............................................................................................................................................

10. when I get home said mum we will have lunch.................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

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quotation marks

Quotation marks for split quotations (2) Sometimes direct speech is broken between two sentences by an explanation of who the speaker is.

Example: “Here we are,” said father. “We’re home at last.”

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

R Rewrite these examples, punctuating them correctly.

1.

did you see that car exclaimed Mike I think its a porsche ...................................................

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............................................................................................................................................ were going out for dinner said Jake would you like to come too .........................................

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2.

............................................................................................................................................

3.

this is our third trip to spain said mr macguire we love holidaying there ..............................

............................................................................................................................................

4.

their friends are staying for a week said Sam theyre on holiday from America ...................

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons it looks like rain today stated mrs james I hope its fine tommorow ......................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

5.

6.

our neighbours won first prize in a raffle David said they must be very excited ..................

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7.

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............................................................................................................................................ do you live nearby asked Rodney if not I can give you a lift home ......................................

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8.

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what a mess exclaimed mary well have to clean it up quickly before it stains ..................... ............................................................................................................................................

9.

this is an exciting book said the librarian maybe you’d like to read it .................................. ............................................................................................................................................

10. this is a baby turtle said Francis it must have been separated from its mother ................... ............................................................................................................................................

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Quotation Marks

Quotation marks for split quotations (3) R Underline all words actually spoken in this passage.

Put in the quotation marks.

Rewrite the sentences below without the split in the quotation:

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

Hey John, Lincoln shouted, bursting through the door, Get your gear together, we’re going to the beach!

Lincoln admired himself in the bathroom mirror. I’m wearing my new wetsuit. Pretty cool, don’t you think?

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I think it makes you look like a purple sausage, John said, as he staggered into the room, And I’m not going anywhere. I’m sick.

It’s a beautiful day outside, Lincoln argued. You’ll feel much better at the beach than cooped up inside.

John looked out the window and groaned. It’s freezing, he observed. I’m surprised it’s not snowing.

All the better to try out my wetsuit, Lincoln said, pulling John towards the door. You have to come. I’ll buy you lunch.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons .............................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

You’re going to pay for this, John muttered as they left the house, adding under his breath, After you buy me my lunch!

.............................................................................................................

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quotation marks

Quotation marks - Revision R Using a reading text, write down eight examples of direct speech.

Remember to punctuate them correctly.

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2.

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3.

............................................................................................................................................

4.

............................................................................................................................................

5.

............................................................................................................................................

6.

............................................................................................................................................

7.

............................................................................................................................................

8.

............................................................................................................................................

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1.

R Write your own strory using direct speech.

Remember to punctuate correctly using quotation marks, commas, capitals, full stops, etc.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Title: ...........................................................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ...................................................................................................................................................

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................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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Quotation Marks

Quotation marks test R Rewrite the passage below, putting in all the quotation marks.

I say, old chap, Todd intoned, Would you care for some wine?

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

What is he going on about? Alice asked, perplexed.

He’s got a part in the school play, Max explained. That’s his only line. He wants to make sure that he gets it right.

I say, would you care for some wine, old chap? Todd muttered to himself.

About three hours now, Max complained. It’s driving me mad.

Old chap, I say ...

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Teac he r

How long has he been doing this for? Alice said, watching Todd prance around.

Todd, do you want to come and get an icecream with us? Alice asked politely. Todd looked her in the eye, raised one hand above his head, and did a deep bow, touching his nose to his knees.

Would you like some wine? he asked. When he looked up, Alice and Max had gone. I say, old chaps, wait for me, he shouted, running after them.

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons ...................................................................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

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Checklist of skills Name ................................................................. Date ..............................................................

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

Uses quotation marks correctly ...

Always

Usually

Occasionally

R in direct speech

R for quotations within quotations

R uses correct punctuation in direct speech

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R for book, song, movie titles

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Ready-Ed Publications

Teacher Information P age Page R Possessive Apostrophes Apostrophes are used to show ownership with nouns.

The apostrophe is placed after the last letter of the owner. e.g. a car’s horn

Jim’s car

Jan and Keith’s house Jenny’s and Chris’s bikes one’s choice

the women’s clothes

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Teac he r

a horse’s tail

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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

w ww

+

who is the owner?

+

what is the last letter of the owner

+

place an apostrophe after the last letter.

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+

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Remember:

place an ‘s’ after the apostrophe if it is sounded.

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possesive apostrophes

Possessive apostrophes (1) Rule: Write the owner’s name, followed by the apostrophe and add an ‘s’ if it is sounded.

R Singular possession. Work out these examples.

Example: The car of dad Dad’s car

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

2.

The windows of the house .....................................................

3.

The shoes of the girl

.....................................................

4.

The paws of the cat

.....................................................

5.

The line of the fisherman

.....................................................

6.

The kennel of the dog

.....................................................

7.

The apples of the tree

.....................................................

8.

The towers of the castle

.....................................................

9.

A trip of one month

Teac he r

The rocks of the beach

.....................................................

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1.

© Read yEdPubl i cat i ons .....................................................

10. An author of the book •f orr ev..................................................... i ew pur posesonl y• The ships of the pirates

2.

The houses of the owners

3.

The curtains of the houses .....................................................

4.

The trophies of the teams

5.

The children of the parents .....................................................

6.

The pieces of the jigsaws

.....................................................

7.

The lights of the streets

.....................................................

8.

The eyes of the animals

.....................................................

9.

The crafts of the ladies

.....................................................

10. The pencils of the girls

.....................................................

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R Plural possession Example: The stables of the horses The horse’s stables

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Possesive Apostrophes

Name

.............................................

Possessive apostrophes (2) Irregular plurals Some words are already plural without adding an ‘s’.

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

Example: children

To make a possessive we add an ‘s’ but the apostrophe still comes after the owner, i.e. the children’s bikes.

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Teac he r

R Make these irregular plurals into possessives.

1.

The cars of the men

................................................................................................

2.

The sports of women

................................................................................................

3.

The legs of the deer

................................................................................................

4.

The gobbles of the geese

................................................................................................

5.

The coldness of the water

................................................................................................

6.

The shouts of the children

7.

© Read................................................................................................ yEdPubl i cat i ons The course of the salmon ................................................................................................

•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

The noise of the crowd

................................................................................................

9.

The ships of the fleet

................................................................................................

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10. The gills of the fish

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8.

................................................................................................

R Make a list of other words that are plural but have no ‘s’ at the end.

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............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................

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possesive apostrophes

Crazy possessives!

R Fill in the lists below.

Write down ten owners and ten objects. Be imaginative!

Objects

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Teac he r

Owners

Now match up an ‘owner’ with an ‘object’ to make up some ‘crazy possessives’ below.

Owner

Object

Make a possessive

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R Use three of your ‘crazy possessives’ to make three sentences below.

1.

............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

2.

............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

3.

............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................

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Punctuation Revision R Write these passages out on another piece of paper, punctuating them correctly.

Look out for commas, quotation marks, capital letters, full stops, exclamation marks, contractions.

1.

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can you stand on one leg for ten seconds sandra asked elsa

can you stand on your head sandra asked

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of course I can elsa scoffed

yes elsa said she had learned how to in gymnastics but when she showed sandra all sandra did was laugh what are you laughing at elsa asked upside down

your face has gone all red from the blood rushing to your head sandra giggled well at least I can stand on my head what can you do elsa asked sitting up

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

I can stand with no feet on the ground sandra boasted watch me she jumped onto a table see she shouted no feet on the ground 2.

I dont know david said we could look in the paper

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what will the weather be like today judith asked david

I didnt know that the paper told the weather judith said I thought the paper just had news

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well it is news in a way david explained people want to know whether it well be cold or warm or raining

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what page is it on judith asked opening the newspaper

its usually on the front page at the bottom david said can you find it

it says that the maximum temperature will be 12 degrees and the minimum temperature will be 7 degrees there will be thunderstorms and heavy rainfall judith folded up the newspaper and started to leave where are you going david asked back to bed judith explained Im not coming out until the paper says the weather will be nice

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Checklist of skills Name ................................................................. Date ..............................................................

r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S

Uses the following correctly:

Always

R full stops R commas

R quotation marks R question marks

Occasionally

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R capital letters

Usually

© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

R exclamation marks

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R contractions

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