r e p u S
Bo ok
Focus
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For 10s to 12 Year Olds r o e t
On © ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons
Language
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Book 2
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•f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
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Written by Kay Cunnold. © Ready-Ed Publications - Revised 2001. Published by Ready-Ed Publications (2001) P.O. Box 276 Greenwood Perth W.A. 6024 Email: info@readyed.com.au Website: www.readyed.com.au COPYRIGHT NOTICE Permission is granted for the purchaser to photocopy sufficient copies for non-commercial educational purposes. However, this permission is not transferable and applies only to the purchasing individual or institution.
ISBN 1 86397 098 3
INTRODUCTION
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Recent changes in curriculum development have placed increasing emphasis on developmental learning and the need for teachers to structure effective programs which cater to the specific needs of their students. Many teachers have had the opportunity to consider the Language acquisition (both oral and written) of children as a series of progressive milestones. In addition, they have been provided with a diagnostic tool which enables teachers to pin-point a child’s development by observing the behaviours exhibited by young children.
The activities and suggestions in this package complement the teaching strategies for children who have been identified as being at the INDEPENDENT PHASE. Typically children at this phase have mastered the basic skills of spelling and need to develop their range of vocabulary and explore the nuances.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• The TEACHER'S NOTES accompanying each page highlight the major skill/s With a reliable reference (dictionary, thesaurus) students at this phase should be able to work most of the activities with minimum support.
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being presented on the activity page as well as providing ANSWERS.
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Contents
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Contractions ...................................................................................................................... 5 Contractions ...................................................................................................................... 7 Putting It Together .............................................................................................................. 9 Compound Words ........................................................................................................... 11 Plurals - more than one .................................................................................................... 13 Plurals - more than one .................................................................................................... 15 Singular Or Plural .............................................................................................................. 17 Prefixes To Make Antonyms .............................................................................................. 19 Antonyms ......................................................................................................................... 21 Homonyms ...................................................................................................................... 23 Homonyms ...................................................................................................................... 25 Homophones ................................................................................................................... 27 Homophones ................................................................................................................... 29 Suffixes ............................................................................................................................. 31 Gender ............................................................................................................................ 33 Collections ....................................................................................................................... 35 Collections ....................................................................................................................... 37 Synonyms ......................................................................................................................... 39 Appropriate Synonyms ..................................................................................................... 41 Syllables ........................................................................................................................... 43 An I For An Eye ................................................................................................................. 45 Discovering The Roots ...................................................................................................... 47 Etymology ........................................................................................................................ 49 Etymology ........................................................................................................................ 51 Synonyms: Words With Attitude ......................................................................................... 53 Prefixes ............................................................................................................................. 55 A Noun Or A Verb ............................................................................................................. 57 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... 59 Review ............................................................................................................................. 61 Review ............................................................................................................................. 63
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Page 3
Learning Outcome/s Students recognise the function and form of contractions.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S Answers Teachers’Notes
1. 2. 3.
we have - we’ve You have - you’ve They have - they’ve
A. B. C. D. E.
They’re all wearing their uniforms. It’s a beautiful day for sport. The dog has chewed its lead and escaped. We're all going down to the first floor. There is no room for their luggage.
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At this stage this activity should be merely revision / consolidation.
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Contractions Y When two words are shortened into one this becomes a contraction. Letters that are omitted are replaced by an apostrophe. For example: should not can be shortened to shouldn’t
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R Add the contraction for have to the following pronouns. I We
2.
You
3.
They
I've
...................................
............................
...................................
............................
...................................
............................
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1.
I have
Y Some contractions become difficult when they are confused with their homophone. R Complete these sentences.
B.
© Read yEdallP ubl i cat i ouniforms. ns .................... wearing ................... It's itso .................... a beautiful day •/ f rr ev i ew pu r pos eforssport. onl y•
C.
It's / its
The dog has chewed .................... lead and escaped.
D.
Were / we're
.................... all going down to the first floor.
Their / they're
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Their / there
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A.
.................... is no room for .................... luggage.
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R Connect the contractions to their long form.
we will
I’d
they’ve
does not
doesn't
what’s
he will
they have should not
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he’ll it is
I would don’t
we would we’d
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Learning Outcome/s Students develop the notion of contractions to include words that have an accepted abbreviated form.
or eBo Teachers’Noteser st
p u S
ok
Answers 1.
2.
pram bus exam piano gym photo
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At the independent stage children will either have experienced these words or being able to use the dictionary, trace the word from the clues.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• motor + hotel.
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smoke + fog. parachute + troopers. Portmanteau - Lewis Carroll’s term for a word into which the sense (and sound) of two words are packed. e.g. slithy (from “Jabberwocky”) lithe and slimy.
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A portmanteau was originally a large travelling case like a suitcase. A portmanteau word has two meanings packed into it just as clothes were packed into a portmanteau.
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Contractions Y Some words have been made shorter because of frequent use. R What contractions of these words are used today? perambulator
.......................................... ..........................................
examination
..........................................
pianoforte
..........................................
gymnasium
..........................................
photograph
..........................................
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omnibus
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1.
Y New words are sometimes created by contracting two existing words. They have two meanings combined - put inside the new word. They are called ‘portmanteau’ words.
© ReadyEdPu bl i cat i ons a meal that is taken between brunch ........................ breakfast and lunch • f o r r evi ew pur posesonl y• lunch
R Complete the portmanteau words and provide a meaning for each. breakfast
motor motel
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smog
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R What is the meaning of portmanteau?.......................................................... ......................................................................................................................... Why do you think the name is used to describe words? .................................... ......................................................................................................................... Ready-Ed Publications
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Learning Outcome/s Students: Revise common compound words. Recognize compound words in context.
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Forehead, highway, lighthouse, meanwhile, knowledge, backward, wardrobe, outline.
2.
Clotheshorse, frogmarch, starfish, pigeonhole, bulldozer, beeline.
3.
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For children at the independent stage this sheet can be done as revision.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Somehow, searchlight, lighthouse, •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• life-saver, eyesight, onlookers,
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nowhere, something.
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Putting It Together Y When two words are put together to create a new word with a new meaning the word is a compound word. For example: cup board cupboard
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R Use your ruler to match up the compounds. fore
light
while line
mean
head
know
ward
back
ledge
ward
way
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high
house
© Rea dyEdPubl i cat i ons robe •f or r evtoi e wp ur os sonl y• R Match these animals another word top create ae compound word. out
frog ........................
........................ fish
pigeon....................
bull.........................
bee ........................
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..................... horse
clues: dozer, march, clothes, hole, line, star.
. tthe searchlight of the lighthouse found the life-saver Somehowe and the o c . swimmer in thec sea. The eyesight of the onlookers e was nowhere good h r er o enough to see something that far away. st s uper
R Write the compound words in the following passage.
..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................
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Learning Outcome/s Students find a variety of compound words from a particular source.
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Teachers’Notes
Answers underbid underground underlay undertow underdone underhand undercoat understand underwear underage
inboard income indent indeed inside increase inward infringe inhabit inlet insect invent inlay inset inmost
forgive forbear forswear forgave forward forage forbid
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Children should be able to generate interesting compound words for the “computer age”. Depending on the structure and appropriateness the words will reflect the independent child’s understanding of compound words.
upbraid updraught upheld upstage upright upset upbeat upkeep upmost
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justice wholesome becalm rosewood greatcoat
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Compound Words R Use these prepositions to make compound words with any of the words below. Write your words on the back of the sheet. under
in
for
up
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bid, board, come, give, dent, ground, lay, tow, bear, deed, side, swear, crease, braid, draught, gave, held, stage, ward, fringe, habit, right, set, let, done, hand, beat, coat, sect, stand, wear, keep, vent, age, most.
just
sale
whole
coat
be
rage
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R Connect the compound words.
level
rose
time
spirit
calm
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ice © Rea dyEdPubl i cat i ons mean port • f orr e vi ew pur posesonl y• out wood great
o c . R Create new words for the computer age ... compound etc. ch e r er o t A youth who plays computer games badly. ....................................................... s super
A storage container for computer disks. ............................................................ An incorrect response on the computer............................................................. A computer illiterate. ......................................................................................... A lost file on the computer.................................................................................
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Learning Outcome/s Students investigate the rules for plurals.
Answers
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Books, highways, computers, hearts, fractions, vegetables, lights, athletes, containers.
2.
Churches, foxes, brushes, lunches, passes, launches, flashes, bosses, brooches.
3.
Wallabies, entries, dollies, berries, countries, lullabies, nurseries, cherries, babies.
4.
Valleys, monkeys, galleys, pulleys, donkeys.
5.
Loaves, leaves, sheaves, hooves, thieves, wives.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• Pianos, torpedoes.
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1.
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Plurals - more than one Y Rule 1: - Usually nouns are made plural by adding ‘s’. For example: dog - dogs. R Make the following nouns plural. book ........................... highway ..................... computer .................. heart........................... fraction ...................... vegetable ................. light ............................ athlete ....................... container ..................
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Y Rule 2: - When the word ends in ch, sh, ss, x or s then the nouns are made plural by adding ‘es’. For example: box - boxes. R Make the following nouns plural. church ........................ fox .............................. brush......................... lunch .......................... pass ........................... launch ....................... flash ........................... boss ........................... brooch ...................... Y Rule 3: - When the noun ends in y it is usual to change the y to an i and add ‘es’. For example: lolly - lollies. R Make the following nouns plural. wallaby ....................... entry .......................... dolly .......................... berry ........................... country ...................... lullaby ....................... nursery ....................... cherry ........................ baby ..........................
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Y Rule 4: - When the noun ends in ey then only an ‘s’ is added. For example: key - keys. R Make the following nouns plural. valley ......................... monkey ..................... galley ........................ pulley ......................... donkey ......................
. Y Rule 5: -t When the noun ends in f the plural form changes the o f to v and adds e c ‘es’. . c e For example: elfh - elves. r e o t r R Make the following nouns plural. s super
loaf ............................. hoof ............................
leaf ............................ thief ...........................
sheaf ......................... wife ...........................
Y Rule 6: - When the word ends in ‘o’ it is usual to add ‘es’ unless the word is associated with music. For example: buffalo - buffaloes radio - radios R Make the following nouns plural. piano .......................... torpedo ...................... Ready-Ed Publications
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Learning Outcome/s Students investigate some of the rules governing the spelling of plurals.
Answers 2.
Ladies-in-waiting, passers-by, sons-in-law, tugs-of-war, men-of-war.
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Mice, lice, geese, oxen, teeth, feet.
3.
daisy ....................................... daisies member of parliament............. members of parliament holiday ................................... holidays roof ........................................ roofs jay walker ............................... jay walkers housewife ............................... housewives bubble .................................... bubbles piano ...................................... pianos quarry ..................................... quarries buffalo .................................... buffaloes mongoose .............................. mongeese salmon .................................... salmon swine ...................................... swine bunch ..................................... bunches mother-in-law ......................... mothers-in-law glass ....................................... glasses spectacles ............................... spectacles
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Plurals - more than one Y Some words have their own special word plural. For example: child children R Use your dictionary to find the plural for these. mouse......................... louse .......................... ox................................ tooth ...........................
goose ........................ foot ............................
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Y When two words are hyphenated or commonly combined a plural alters only the noun. brother-in-law brothers-in-law For example:
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R Write the plurals of these. lady-in-waiting
.....................................................................................
passer-by
.....................................................................................
son-in-law
.....................................................................................
tug-of-war
.....................................................................................
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man-of-war
.....................................................................................
Y 3. Some words have no plural form. sheep For example: sheep trout
salmon
herring
scissors
innings
money
deer
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Singular
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holiday
quarry
Plural
Singular
daisies
member of parliament
Plural
o housewives c . cbubbles piano e her r o t s super buffaloes roof
jay walkers
mongoose
salmon swine
mother-in-law
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R Complete the table by adding either the singular or plural form.
bunch glass spectacles
What rule can be written for the following nouns? Ready-Ed Publications
octopus
hippopotamus Page 15
Learning Outcome/s Students investigate the relationship between singular and plural and verbs.
Answers
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S singular plural plural singular
2.
is are are are is
3.
The dwarves gave the deer sheaves of hay. The cities were attacked by the armies. The women went to their pantry shelves for loaves of bread. The children used the knives to cut the cakes in halves. The fishermen caught trout and salmon.
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bunch cases banks box
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Singular Or Plural Deciding whether the subject is singular or plural is important because the verb must agree. For example: The dogs is / are barking at the intruder. This is easy to identify because the subject is clearly dogs.
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R 1. Underline the subject, then write singular or plural.
cases of oranges the river banks
............................................................... ...............................................................
a box of chocolates
...............................................................
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a bunch of roses
R 2. Complete these sentences with is or are when you have decided whether the subject is singular or plural. The herd of cattle ........... grazing near the trees.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons f or r e vi e wp u r posesonl y• The• rooms of the house ............. full of antiques. The children ..................................... all present.
The legs of the insect .............. hairy and jointed.
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The noise of the race cars ......... about to begin.
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R 3. Can you change the whole of each sentence to the plural form? For example: I heard the echo in the valley. We heard the echoes in the valleys.
. te ......................................................................................................................... o c The city was attacked by an army. . c e her r ......................................................................................................................... o t s r up The woman went to her pantrys shelf for e a loaf of bread. The dwarf gave the deer a sheaf of hay.
......................................................................................................................... The child used the knife to cut the cake in half. ......................................................................................................................... The fisherman caught trout and salmon. ......................................................................................................................... Remember to alter the verb where necessary.
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Learning Outcome/s Students use the correct prefix to create an antonym.
Answers
3.
misuse misplace misspell misheard mistime mistrust misadventure misbehave
disable disconnect displace dismount disadvantage distrust disbelief disapprove
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2.
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Unripe, untruth, indirect, unseat, inexpensive, inhospitable, uncover, indistinct, unwrap, incapable, unclean, unseen, inactive, incorrect, unsafe, untangle.
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1.
Discuss both acceptable options.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons nonsmoker •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• illegal
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Without worthiness, of low birth Not dying. Not able to be read. Not mature or fully grown.
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impolite
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Prefixes To Make Antonyms R 1. Put ‘in’ or ‘un’ in front of the following words to create their antonym. ....ripe, ....truth, ....direct, ....seat, ....expensive, ....hospitable, ....cover, ....distinct, ....wrap, ....capable, ....clean, ....seen, ....active, ....correct, ....safe, ....tangle
R 2.
mis
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......................
R Write the antonym
.......................
......................
in the correct column.
.......................
......................
.......................
......................
able, place, use, spell, heard, mount,
.......................
......................
advantage, connect, time, trust, belief,
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......................
adventure, approve, behave.
.......................
given up cigarettes
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against the law
non ........................................... il ...............................................
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R 3. Find the antonyms, given the clue and the prefix.
. te o R 4. Use the dictionary to find the meaning of the base word, then write the c . meaning of the c antonym. e her r o t s super ignoble .............................................................................................................. without manners
im .............................................
immortal ............................................................................................................ illegible ............................................................................................................. immature ..........................................................................................................
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Learning Outcome/s Students investigate a variety of ways of creating antonyms.
Answers
divest destruct exterior descend emigrate inhale discourage
© ReadyEdPubDl i c at i ons reader employee •f orr evi ew pur pose sonl y• guest
careless useless powerless
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B
pupil follower patient listener
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C
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present modern curse fine gather flow contract barren innocent superior
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Antonyms R A) Provide a new word which gives an opposite meaning. retreat ..............................................
ancient ..........................................
private ..............................................
bless .............................................
vacant ..............................................
coarse ...........................................
generous ..........................................
disperse ........................................
senior ...............................................
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absent ...........................................
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stationary .........................................
expand ..........................................
deny .................................................
fertile .............................................
minimum ..........................................
guilty .............................................
singular ............................................
inferior ..........................................
victory ..............................................
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ebb ...............................................
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R B) Antonyms can be made by changing the prefix. Give the opposite to these in this way.
immigrate .........................................
construct .......................................
exhale ..............................................
interior ..........................................
external ............................................
ascend ..........................................
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invest ............................................
encourage ........................................
motorist
- pedestrian
teacher
- ....................................
author
- ..................................
leader
- ....................................
employer
- ..................................
doctor
- ....................................
host
- ..................................
speaker
- ....................................
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o c . ..................... careful ......................... powerful cheuseful ......................... r e o t r su R D) The following are antonyms because of s their activity. Can you finish the r e p list? R C) Antonyms can be made by changing the suffix. Give the opposites to these in this way.
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Learning Outcome/s Students develop the understanding of homonyms beyond the same word, same spelling, same sound idea to include homographs (park/park) and words in which accent on different syllables alters meaning.
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This page needs oral revision to emphasise the differences in parts 2 and 3.
Answers Box Crane Fair Hatch
1 - a case, a container. 1 - a large bird. 1 - just. 1 - emerge from an egg.
2 - a fight with fists. 2 - equipment for lifting heavy objects. 2 - fete, market. 2 - small doorway as in a ship.
Wind Bow Minute Wound Bass Tear Lead Sow
1 - past tense of wind. 1 - a fish. 1 - a rip. 1 - to go in front. 1 - to plant seed.
2 - rupture of skin surface. 2 - low part in music. 2 - secretion of the eye. 2 - a heavy metal. 2 - female pig.
Impact Contract Present Rebel Project Object Desert Content Perfect Contest
- (n) collision, impression. - (n) a formal agreement. - (n) a gift -(adj) not absent. - (n) one who rebels. - (n) a plan, a scheme. - (n) a thing. - (n) a barren area. - (n) that which is included. - (adj) flawless. - (n) a competition.
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© ReadyEd2P ubl i cat i ons 1 - movement of air. - to tighten (the spring), wrap around. 1 - loop in a knot. 2 - to curtsey. •f o r r e v i e w p u r posesonl y• 1 - sixty seconds. 2 - very small.
o c . che e r o t r s super Impact Contract Present Rebel Project Object Desert Content Perfect Contest
- (v) to drive or press firmly. - (v) make smaller. - (v) to introduce. - (v) to resist authority. - (v) to jut out. - (v) disagree. - (v) to abandon. - (adj) satisfied. - (v) to better with practice. - (v) to disprove or challenge.
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Homonyms Y Homonyms are words that have two or more meanings. The words may spell and sound the same.
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R From your experience give the two meanings of the following. box ................................................ fair .................................................... fair ....................................................
crane ............................................
hatch ................................................
crane ............................................
hatch ................................................
R Use your dictionary to check your answers.
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box ................................................
Y Homographs are words that have the same spelling but may sound different. R Find different meanings for these words wind .............................................. wind .............................................. bow ............................................... bow ............................................... minute........................................... minute........................................... wound ........................................... wound ...........................................
bass ................................................. bass ................................................. tear .................................................. tear .................................................. lead .................................................. lead .................................................. sow .................................................. sow ..................................................
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The following words have different meanings according to which syllable is accented. R Underline the syllable being stressed. Give the appropriate meaning.
. te rebel ................................................. o c impact ........................................... rebel ................................................. . c e her contract ......................................... desert ............................................... r o t s............................................... supe r contract ......................................... desert impact ...........................................
present .........................................
content .............................................
present .........................................
content .............................................
project ...........................................
perfect ..............................................
project ...........................................
perfect ..............................................
object ............................................
contest .............................................
object ............................................
contest .............................................
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Learning Outcome/s Students: Revise the use of homonyms by usage. Recognise the continual changes that occur in language.
r o e t s B r e oo Teachers’Notes p u k S
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Part 2 will need oral discussion to clarify the answers especially to children with a limited colloquial background.
Answers Dribble Switch Ruler Draught Manual Major Court
1 - to secrete from the mouth. 2 - to bounce the ball in basket ball. 1 - to change. 2 - the controls of an electrical circuit. 1 - a device for drawing straight lines. 2 - person in total control. 1 - limited movement of air. 2 - a portion of liquid to be drunk. 1 - by hand. 2 - instruction book. 1 - rank in the army. 2 - most significant part. 1 - arena for tennis/basketball. 2 - a room for administering justice.
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Informal very showy. very good / excellent. very good / excellent. terrible. one constrained with limited boundaries.
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Formal Flash sudden short light. Wicked evil. Mint herb/to make coin. Gross 12 dozen. Square a shape with four equal sides and right angles.
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Homonyms Y Homonyms are spelled the same and sound the same. Write sentences to show the difference between each pair of homonyms. .......................................................................................................
dribble
.......................................................................................................
switch
.......................................................................................................
switch
.......................................................................................................
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dribble
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.......................................................................................................
ruler
.......................................................................................................
draught
.......................................................................................................
draught
.......................................................................................................
manual
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ruler
©....................................................................................................... ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons major ....................................................................................................... •f o rr evi ew pur posesonl y• manual
court
.......................................................................................................
court
.......................................................................................................
. te formal
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.......................................................................................................
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major
Slang might give a new meaning for a word, hence homonyms are created.
o c . c e her r ...................................... o t s super ...................................... .......................................
R Give both meanings for these. flash wicked
informal .......................................
mint
......................................
.......................................
gross
......................................
.......................................
square ...................................... Can you think of any more? ......................................
.......................................
......................................
.......................................
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Answers buoy knead eight fare pause
road weight waste wood rays
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fowl mist reel seller course pail male sea scent roll
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foul missed real cellar coarse pale mail see sent role
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
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Homophones Y If a word sounds the same as another, the pair are homophones. The spelling and meaning do not match. grate great For example: Can you give the homophone for the following (spelling must be correct)?
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
rode .................................................
need .............................................
wait ..................................................
ate ................................................
waist.................................................
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boy ................................................
would ...............................................
paws .............................................
raise .................................................
R Decipher the cryptic clues to find a homophone pair. For example: manufactured .......... servant made................... maid
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fair ................................................
................................... .................................. © Ready EdPubl i cat i ons 2. bypassed fog •f orr evi e................................... w pur poses.................................. onl y• 1. offensive chicken
..................................
4. basement merchant
...................................
..................................
5. rough route
...................................
..................................
6. wan bucket
...................................
..................................
. te 8. notice ocean
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...................................
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3. genuine spool
o c . c e her r 9. dispatched perfume ...................................o .................................. t s .................................. super 10. part tumble ................................... 7. post man
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...................................
..................................
...................................
..................................
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Answers Rule: A verb requires the ‘s’. A noun needs the ‘c’.
2.
immobile - stationary adding qualities to another - complement formal fight - duel flowing movement of water / air - current a general rule - principle
3.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
1. aisle / isle 3. watts 5. there / their 7. heal / heel
2. whose 4. weal 6. wear 8. weird
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1.
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Homophones A simple letter change can alter the meaning but not the sound of these words. R Explain the difference. practise .............................................................................................................
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
practice ............................................................................................................. advise ...............................................................................................................
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advice ...............................................................................................................
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license .............................................................................................................. licence .............................................................................................................. R Underline the verbs. Describe the language rule that applies ....................... .........................................................................................................................
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons immobile stationary ............ stationery • f ortor ev i ew pu r pos escomplement onl y• adding qualities the other compliment ......... R Match the meaning to the correct homophone.
a general rule
principal .............. principle
R Finish this table to find a homophone.
. t 2. who is e 1. I will
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duel .................... dual current ................ currant
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formal fight between two people flowing movement of air / water
o c . che................................... r e .................................. o t r s .................................. super ................................... I’ll
aisle
...................................
..................................
5. they are
...................................
..................................
6. we are
...................................
..................................
7. he will
...................................
..................................
8. we would
...................................
..................................
3. what is 4. we will
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Learning Outcome/s Students revise skills from previous phase.
Answers
humorous dangerous gracious victorious marvellous
2.
acquaintance politician mathematician contestant imitation
bravery discovery laughter weakness security
3.
customary horizontal monumental momentary honorary
professional primary
Nouns: defiance, difference, significance, patience Adjectives: noticeable, reliable, admirable, dependable able / ible make adjectives ence / ance make nouns
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© Read yEdPubl i cat i ons accidental abdomen •f orr ev i ew pur posesonl y• critical
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4.
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r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
adventurous religious disastrous monstrous courageous
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1.
o c . che e r o t r s super
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Suffixes R Use ‘eous’, ‘ious’ or ‘ous’ to form new words. adventure......................................
humour.............................................
religion ..........................................
danger..............................................
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
grace ................................................
monster ........................................
victory ..............................................
courage ........................................ Check for spelling in your dictionary.
marvel ..............................................
R Use an appropriate suffix to form nouns from these.
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Teac he r
disaster .........................................
acquaint ........................................
brave ................................................
politics ..........................................
discover ...........................................
mathematics .................................
laugh ................................................
weak ................................................ © ReadyEdPu bl i cat i ons imitate ........................................... secure .............................................. •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• contest ..........................................
R Convert these words to adjectives using the suffix ‘ary’ or ‘al’. accident ...........................................
horizon ..........................................
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abdomen ..........................................
monument ....................................
critic .................................................
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custom ..........................................
. profession ........................................ te o c honour .......................................... prime ................................................ . che e r o t r scategories of nouns and R Add ‘ence’ or ‘ance’, ‘able’ ors ‘ible’, thene sort into r up moment ........................................
adjectives.
defiant, different, notice, rely, admire, significant, patient, depend Write a language rule when you identify the pattern. Nouns: .............................................................................................................. Adjectives: ........................................................................................................ Rule: ................................................................................................................. Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers pig whale cattle horse
boar bull bull stallion
sow cow cow mare
piglet calf calf foal
rabbit swan sheep deer
buck cob ram stag
doe pen ewe hind
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S sir king emperor lord count
madam queen empress lady countess
brother widower nephew husband poppa
sister widow niece wife momma
godfather uncle son he him
godmother aunt daughter she her
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sultana Czarina baroness duchess marchioness
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sultan Czar baron duke marquis
kitten cygnet lamb fawn
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Gender In the animal kingdom each sex is given its own term. R Complete the following table. Use the words below. Family
Male
pig
boar
Female
Offspring
kitten r o e t s B r e whale cowo p o u k swan cob S cattle calf ram
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Teac he r
rabbit
ewe
stallion
foal
deer
hind
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Some• official titles are written according top gender. f o r r e v i e w p u r osesonl y• R Match the males to their female counterparts.
horse, sow, bull, stag, sheep, buck, pen, piglet, fawn, cow, mare, doe, bull, calf, cygnet, lamb
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Duchess Queen Countess Sultana Marchioness Lady Madam Czarina Empress Baroness
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Sultan Sir Czar King Baron Emperor Duke Lord Marquis Count
o c . che e r o t r s sup r Relationships are sometimes defined bye gender terms. R Match the same relation of different gender. brother
godfather
poppa wife she grandfather widower son nephew sister aunt godmother Ready-Ed Publications
him
father
mother niece widow he uncle daughter grandmother husband her momma Page 33
Answers
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
1. Jazz musicians 2. Policemen, law officers 3. Stars, also famous glamorous people 4. Nations 5. Political parties 6. People with common interests / talents 7. Scented flowers 8. Trees 9. People living together 10. Eggs / chickens.
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Teac he r
compendium of games anthology of poems peal of bells skein of wool punnet of strawberries volley of gunfire convoy of trucks suite of furniture suit of matching garments rope of pearls
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Collections The following are collective nouns for inanimate objects. R Match them to their group. of pearls of furniture of games of poems of bells of gunfire of matching garments of strawberries of trucks of wool
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
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Teac he r
compendium anthology peal skein punnet volley convoy suite suit rope
R Use your dictionary to find what group you would have with ...
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f o rr evi ew pur posesonl y• 3. a galaxy ........................................................................................................ 1. a combo ........................................................................................................ 2. a posse .........................................................................................................
4. an alliance ....................................................................................................
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5. a coalition ..................................................................................................... 6. a guild ...........................................................................................................
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7. a nosegay .....................................................................................................
o c . 9. a commune ................................................................................................... che e r o t r 10. a clutch ....................................................................................................... s super
8. a grove..........................................................................................................
R With a little imagination, and perhaps some onomatopoeia create a collective name for the following. a ...................................................... of one-eyed football barrackers a ...................................................... of dirty clothes a ...................................................... of school bags (outside the class) Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers gang regiment choir crew board team
birds horses/cattle bees locusts horses monkeys wolves fish lions leopards
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S puppies kittens geese jellyfish foxes
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Teac he r
horde troupe orchestra staff audience class
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Collections Some nouns describe a group. They are collective nouns For example: a group of people at a church is a congregation. R Give the collective noun for these groups of people. ho........................................................
members of a ballet group
tr .........................................................
musicians playing together
or ........................................................
a group of teachers
sp ........................................................
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a gathering of savages
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
au........................................................
children together as students
cl .........................................................
workers labouring together
ga........................................................
a group of soldiers
re ........................................................
people singing together
ch ........................................................
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listeners at a concert
cr......................................................... © R e a d y E d P u b l i c a t i o n s directors meeting together bo........................................................ •f orr evi ew pute......................................................... r posesonl y• players together in a match sailors on a ship
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flock ..............................................
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When other animals gather together often a collective noun is used. R What animals are together here? (Careful - some of these are obscure!) litter ..................................................
herd ..............................................
kindle ...............................................
swarm ...........................................
gaggle ..............................................
o c . plague ........................................... smuck .............................................. che e r o t team ............................................. skulk ................................................ r s super troop .............................................
pack ..............................................
R Create a collective noun.
shoal .............................................
a......................................... of robots
pride .............................................
a.............................. of noisy children
leap...............................................
a.......................... shoppers at a sale
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Answers abandon - desert circular - round twilight - dusk yearly - annually
Teac he r
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
prohibit - ban free - liberate regal - royal enemy - foe
alien - foreign sphere - orb incline - slope victory - success
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noisy - loud stream - creek error - mistake buy - purchase hate - detest
mariner - sailor empty - vacant fireside - hearth join - unite
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Synonyms Words that have the same meaning are synonyms. coarse rough For example: Some words are closely associated in meaning but are not synonyms. For example: hot warm Always choose a word that matches in meaning. R Join the words in column A to their synonyms in column B Column A Column B abandon
Teac he r
hearth
sailor vacant
yearly
unite
mariner
annually
empty
round
fireside
dusk
join
desert
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circular twilight
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• stream ........................river, sea, creek, puddle. error ............................mistake, wrong, inaccurate, silly. buy ..............................get, own, choose, purchase.
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hate ............................dislike, unloved, detest, anger.
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R Choose the synonym that is most appropriate for the given word. noisy ...........................loud, naughty, deafening, raucus.
R Use your dictionary to find the meanings of these words and write a synonym for each.
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o c . free ................................................................................................................... che e r o t regal ................................................................................................................. r s super
prohibit ..............................................................................................................
enemy ............................................................................................................... alien .................................................................................................................. sphere .............................................................................................................. incline ............................................................................................................... victory ............................................................................................................... Ready-Ed Publications
Page 39
Answers Part 1 1. infatuation 2. affection 3. love 4. passion
Teac he r
Part 3 Answers will vary
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Part 2 1. newcomer 2. immigrant 3. foreigner 4. outsider 5. alien 6. stranger
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
Part 4 1. witness 2. copy 3. supply 4. raised
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Appropriate Synonyms Often a word will have several synonyms but when used in a sentence each will give a special meaning. Look at these words: love affection infatuation passion Each word denotes a positive emotion a person feels.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
R Which one would be most appropriate in each sentence? 1. A teenager feels ............................................................ for Michael Jackson. 2. A baby feels ......................................................................... for a teddy bear.
Teac he r
3. A grandparent feels.................................................... for their grandchildren.
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4. A virtuoso feels ............................................................... for classical music.
R Choose the most appropriate synonym to complete the following sentences. foreigner alien immigrant newcomer outsider stranger. 1. The ............................................ to the school felt miserable for the first day.
2. The people next door are an ........................................ family from Malaysia. 3. When I travelled to Europe I was a ......... and could not speak the language.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons 6. The• police school children about .............................................. f owarn rr e vi e wp ur posesonl y•danger. 4. The child who could not share became an ................................. in the game. 5. Star trekkers are liable to encounter ................................................... races.
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R Create sentences using synonyms for these words. decrease ...........................................................................................................
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.........................................................................................................................
abate ................................................................................................................
. te o ......................................................................................................................... c . che dwindle ............................................................................................................. e r o t r ......................................................................................................................... s super .........................................................................................................................
drop ..................................................................................................................
R Provide a more appropriate synonym for the word underlined. 1. The police need to question an onlooker to the accident............................... 2. Pete needed to mimic all the words from the board. ..................................... 3. The sergeant will furnish you with three day rations. ..................................... 4. At the ceremony the flag was lifted to the top of the pole. ............................. Perhaps you need a thesaurus! Ready-Ed Publications
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Learning Outcome/s Students identify the connection between syllables and vowel sounds.
Answers
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S com / pas / sion pho / to / graph oc / cur
ae eeo
eigh e er
iy oo er a
benefit principal aerodrome objective wealth punctual applause straight
eei iia ae o o oei ea uua a au aigh
ben / e / fit prin / ci / pal ae / ro / drome ob / jec / tive wealth punc / tu / al ap / plause straight
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Teac he r
ac / cept com / pe / tent pre / sence
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
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Rule - each syllable contains a vowel sound.
o c . che e r o t r s super
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Syllables Y A syllable is a sound made by one effort of the vocal chords. It can be a whole word, e.g. dog; or part of a word, e.g. re (re / do). Y Letters that are sounded together are grouped together. For example: exam ........................ ex / am worship...................... wor / ship
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
Y Double consonants are separated if at the end of a syllable. For example: little ........................... lit / tle
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R Divide the following into syllables.
compassion ......................................
competent .....................................
photograph .......................................
presence .......................................
occur ................................................
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accept ...........................................
Y Vowel sounds are clues to the syllables. R Can you identify the vowel sounds in the following? For example: dog rain fly annual o ai y aua
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons address ....................... eight ........................... ninety ......................... • f o r r e v i e w p u r p o s e s onl y• develop ....................... desert ......................... boomerang ................ cake a
Syllables com / plete
No. 2
benefit
....................
.....
............................
......
principal
....................
.....
............................
......
....................
.....
............................
......
. aerodromet e objective wealth punctual
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No. 2
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R Complete the table. Word Vowel sounds e.g. complete oe
o c . .................... ..... ............................ c e her ..... st r o .................... ............................ super .................... ..... ............................
...... ...... ......
applause
....................
.....
............................
......
straight
....................
.....
............................
......
R Can you describe the pattern in the table? ......................................................................................................................... Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers
Teac he r
y by tyre cry guy
long A:
ie flies cries
ie side rise advice rice
ey eye
ai aisle
ei height
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
ae ai ei ay
hate train veil tray
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i wild high sign wind idle design iron bicycle primary siren migrant
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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons Homophone Pairs: •will f o rr evi ew pur posesonl y• Answers vary.
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An I For An Eye R Sort the following words into phonic families according to their spelling.
wild, by, tyre, side, high, sign, wind, flies, rise, cry, idle, design, iron, aisle, guy, height, eye, advice, bicycle, primary, siren, migrant, rice, cries.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
i
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Teac he r
R How many categories would you need? (One has been done for you.)
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
R Give examples of ways of writing ‘long a’. Add some words that follow the phonic ‘a e’ For example: plate, rate, appreciate.
..............................................................................
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..............................................................................
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..............................................................................
o c . c e her long i st r long a long e o s r u p bail - bale isle -e aisle feet - feat
..............................................................................
R Write homophone pairs that could occur when words share the same phonic sound.
...................................
...................................
..................................
...................................
...................................
..................................
...................................
...................................
..................................
...................................
...................................
..................................
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Answers
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
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Teac he r
aqua - water ped - foot astro - star cent - a hundred graph - write / draw micro - little
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Discovering The Roots R Supply a meaning for each word below. Use the word meanings to allow you to predict the meaning of the root. aquatic aquarium aqualung
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S pedestrian pedlar
biped
aquamarine
pedicure
root aqua means
root ped means
..........................
.......................
astrology
century
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Teac he r
aquarius
pedal
astrophysics
centipede
root astro means
root cent means
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..........................
. te telegraph photograph
geography graphics
.......................
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© ReadyEdP ubl i cat i ons percent astronaut •f orr evi ew pucentennial r posesonl y• astronomy
o c . che e r microscopeo t r s supmicrobe er
root graph means ..........................
microphone
microwave
root micro means .......................
R Add other words that fit with each root word. Use your dictionary to check your answers. Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers Spanish galleon barbecue patio lasso rodeo siesta tomato potato canoe
American Indian wigwam moose totem tomahawk moccasin
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
sweets / lollies bumper biscuit path / pavement tramp / swagman petrol flat autumn
holiday icy pole cool drink / soft drink chemist lift film torch
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Teac he r
French ballet chauffeur etiquette camouflage reservoir matinee
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Etymology Etymology is the study of the origin of words R Sort these words into three groups according to their origin.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
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Teac he r
French galleon wigwam ballet Spanish barbecue patio chauffeur moose totem lasso rodeo etiquette camouflage tomahawk siesta tomato reservoir canoe American potato Indian matinee moccasin Your dictionary is a good resource for etymology.
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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
candy ............................................
vacation ...........................................
sidewalk ........................................
drugstore ..........................................
hobo .............................................
elevator ............................................
gasolene .......................................
movie ...............................................
apartment .....................................
flashlight ...........................................
Countries can adopt a different noun for the same object. R Give our term for the following American nouns.
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o c fender ........................................... popsicle............................................ . che e r o cookie ........................................... soda ................................................. t r s super
fall ................................................. Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
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Teac he r
Ceres - Roman god of agriculture Joseph Banks - botanist Anders Dahl - 18th century Swedish botanist Vulcan - god of fire Dr. Guillotine - a French inventor Earl of Cardigan made the garment Judge Lynch - an American extremist Louis Pasteur Pan - god of shepherds - frightened people in forests Plimsoll - creator of the safety line Captain C. C. Boycott - 19th century Irish land agent John Macadam - Australian chemist Duke of Wellington Augustus Caesar Colossus of Rhodes Vandal tribe of Europe Sparta - Greek city known for strict and frugal lifestyle.
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Etymology Some people in history have had their names incorporated into language as words, because of something they did or represented. For example, The Earl of Sandwich, a great card player, was reluctant to leave a good game for a meal. He had his servant bring him a repast of meat and condiment with bread. Hence the origin of the sandwich.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
R Research the following to find the history and person behind these words. cereal ................................................................................................................
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Teac he r
banksia ............................................................................................................. dahlia ................................................................................................................ volcano ............................................................................................................. guillotine ........................................................................................................... cardigan ............................................................................................................
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons pasteurise ......................................................................................................... •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• panic ................................................................................................................. lynch .................................................................................................................
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Plimsoll line ......................................................................................................
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boycott .............................................................................................................. macadamia .......................................................................................................
. te o August .............................................................................................................. c . che e colossal ............................................................................................................ r o t r s super vandal ............................................................................................................... Wellington boots ...............................................................................................
Spartan ............................................................................................................. Would you rather be a Solomon or a Shylock? Why? ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers 1.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
cry annoy brave stationary stroll obese
- weep ................ wail - irritate .............. pester - courageous....... reckless - still ................... stagnant - meander ........... dawdle - overweight ....... fat
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3.
brazen gullible fussy thoughtless snooper
vintage / antique cunning / artful aroma small / undeveloped trick / joke
Teac he r
2.
furtive bookish foolhardy thin skinned smirk
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Synonyms Words With Attitude Some words have similar meaning but express a different attitude. For example: thrifty mean Someone who budgets and saves would be thrifty, someone unwilling to spend money for any reason would be mean.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
furtive bookish
secretive literary
brazen trusting
foolhardy
daring
particular
sensitive
thin skinned
thoughtless
smile
smirk
investigator
bold gullible
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Teac he r
R Circle the word which expresses an unfavourable attitude.
fussy
impulsive snooper
R Rewrite the sentence replacing the word underlined with a more favourable synonym.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons 1. The university student drives an ancient car.................................................. •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• 2. The plan to catch the wild horses was sly......................................................
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3. Fresh from the oven, the pie had a strong odour. ..........................................
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4. The child’s muscles were too puny to lift the rocks. .......................................
5. On April 1st many a hoax is tried. .................................................................
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Favourable synonym
Unfavourable synonym
annoy
o c . c e her r ......................................... ......................................... o t s s r u e p ......................................... .........................................
brave
.........................................
.........................................
stationary
.........................................
.........................................
stroll
.........................................
.........................................
obese
.........................................
.........................................
R Complete the table.
cry
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Answers Answers will vary Answers will vary
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
Meaning of prefix: de = breakdown
Teac he r
ew i ev Pr
vice captain transcontinental superhuman subtitle replay prototype preview postscript misprint international
un = not
w ww
. te
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m . u
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Prefixes Y A prefix will create further meaning to a word. R Use each example below to help you complete the table. arch duke arch ............................
chief duke chief ............................
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
anti clockwise
against or opposite to clockwise
anti ............................. redo
anti .............................
do it again
re ................................
ew i ev Pr
Teac he r
re ................................
R Briefly give a meaning for the following words and decide the meaning of the prefix. defrost
unfit
.......................
........................
decade .......................
uninformed ........................
unable © Ready EdPubl i cat i ons ....................... ........................ •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
decompose
de = ................
un = .................
w ww
m . u
R Provide a word with a prefix that fulfils the meaning of the phrase. 1. in place of the captain
...............................................................
. te 4. smaller title
...............................................................
2. across the continent
o c . che e r ............................................................... o t r s super
3. more than human
5. play again 6. earliest type
............................................................... ...............................................................
...............................................................
7. see before others
...............................................................
8. note written after
...............................................................
9. printed incorrectly
...............................................................
10. between nations
...............................................................
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Answers record permit contract present refuse
Teac he r
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
For verbs the emphasis is on the last syllable.
ew i ev Pr
contest survey record present refuse
} }
For nouns the emphasis is on the first syllable.
w ww
. te
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A Noun Or A Verb Y Some words function as both nouns and verbs. To identify the meaning we use the position within the sentence and the stress in pronunciation. R Use the following as nouns in sentences and underline the strong syllable (stress).
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
1. record ........................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... 2. permit ...........................................................................................................
Teac he r
.........................................................................................................................
ew i ev Pr
3. contract ......................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................
4. present.......................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................
5. refuse............................................................................................................
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons R Use the following as verbs in sentences and underline the strong syllable (stress). •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• .........................................................................................................................
1. contest ..........................................................................................................
m . u
.........................................................................................................................
w ww
2. survey ........................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................
. te
3. record ...........................................................................................................
o c . 4. present.......................................................................................................... che e r o ......................................................................................................................... t r s super 5. refuse............................................................................................................ .........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................... What is the rule for pronouncing these homonyms? ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers Doctor Her Royal Highness Professor Mister Detective
President Justice of the Peace Queens Councillor Treasurer Prime Minister
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S Point Island North 62 ° North Latitude Cape
3.
e.g. Co. etc.
k.p.h. misc.
4.
Bachelor of Education Bachelor of Laws Master of Arts Bachelor of Science Doctor of Philosophy Doctor of Medicine
memo. intro. approx.
Tasmania River Range Lake Eyre Mountains
C.O.D. anon.
ew i ev Pr
New South Wales Australian Capital Territory Archipelago South East Mount
Teac he r
2.
Private Corporal Lieutenant Colonel Major
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
m . u
1.
w ww
Like a number of things in the English language the rule for the use of full stops in abbreviations has changed with modern usage. One rule advocated by some grammar authorities is ... "If a name which is made up of more than one word is shortened, the first letter of each word is used without full stops in between."
. te
o c . In this book the author has preferred to use the commonly accepted rule as c e h r explained at the top of the activity page. However, teachers may wish to explain e o t r s s ruse of this interpretation. up the variation to the class or, in fact, prefer toe make
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Abbreviations Y A commonly used word or group of words can be abbreviated. Usually, the rule of punctuation is that a full stop is needed when the abbreviation does not end with the final letter of the word. For example: St = Saint (no full stop needed). Rev. = Reverend (full stop needed).
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
R Can you write these titles out in full?
Pres. ..........................
Cpl ..............................
H.R.H. ........................
J.P. ............................
Lieut............................
Prof. ...........................
Q.C. ...........................
Col. .............................
Mr...............................
Treas. ........................
Maj. .............................
Det. ............................
P.M. ...........................
Teac he r
Dr ...............................
ew i ev Pr
Pte ..............................
The following may appear on a map of Australia. R What do they represent?
© Ready E dPubl i cat i o........................... ns Pt ............................... Tas. A.C.T. ......................... Is. ............................... .............................. •f orr evi e w pur posesR.o nl y• N.S.W. ........................
Ra. ............................
S.E..............................
62 ° N. Lat. .................
L. Eyre .......................
Mt ...............................
C. ...............................
Mts ............................
R Abbreviate the following (use the correct punctuation).
m . u
N. ...............................
w ww
Arch. ...........................
memorandum ................................... . tehour ....................... cash on delivery ............................... kilometres per o c . company ....................................... introduction ...................................... che e r o t miscellaneous ............................... anonymous r s ...................................... super
for example ...................................
etcetera ........................................
approximately ...................................
R Complete these degrees in full. B.Ed..............................................
B.Sc. ................................................
L.L.B. ............................................
Ph.D. ................................................
M.A. ..............................................
M.D. .................................................
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Answers
4.
loaves pianos mongeese mothers-in-law salmon
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons dismount unwrap • f o r r evi ew pur posesonl y• disadvantage disconnect illegible indirect impolite
w ww 5.
switch pine hatch tear lead
illegal misadventure misbehave
- a device to control on / off or flow of an electrical circuit. - a type of tree. - small door. - fluid from the eye / a rent in material. - a metal / a leash.
. te
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ew i ev Pr
3.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
clotheshorse passport meanwhile underage upright
Teac he r
2.
a) they’re b) it’s c) we’ve or haven’t d) what’s e) we’d or wouldn’t
m . u
1.
o c . che e r o t r s super
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Review In the following exercises spelling and punctuation must both be accurate. R 1. Use the back of this page to rewrite each sentence with a contraction. a) The film will start when they are all here. b) It is going to rain. c) We have not got enough to share equally. d) What is his name? e) We would not be happy if they won.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
Teac he r
R 2. Match the columns to create compound words. Write the new word. age
...............................................................
pass
right
...............................................................
mean
horse
...............................................................
under
while
...............................................................
up
port
...............................................................
ew i ev Pr
clothes
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons loaf................................................ piano ................................................ •f o rr evi ew pur pos esonl y• mongoose ..................................... salmon ............................................. R 3. Write the plural form of the following.
w ww
R 4. Give an antonym for the following by adding a prefix. mount ...........................................
m . u
mother-in-law ....................................................................................................
wrap .................................................
. legal ................................................. te o direct ............................................. adventure ......................................... c . c e her r polite ............................................. behave ............................................. o t s s r u e p R 5. Give the noun definition of the following homonyms. advantage .....................................
legible ...........................................
connect ............................................
switch ............................................................................................................... pine................................................................................................................... hatch................................................................................................................. tear ................................................................................................................... lead................................................................................................................... Ready-Ed Publications
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Answers 1.
horizon defiance patience adventure marvel
3.
punnet, rope, convoy, grove, alliance
4.
abandon annually join mariner success
empty incline noisy ban free
mountains private for example kilometres per hour miscellaneous
cash on delivery Justice of Peace company anonymous Doctor of Medicine
ew i ev Pr
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
customary momentary noticeable regional primary
Teac he r
2.
a) cellar b) scent c) role d) stationary e) current
5.
w ww
. te
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Review In the following exercises spelling and punctuation must both be accurate. R 1. Write the correct homophone. a) The connoisseur kept his wine in the seller / cellar. ...................................... b) The bloodhound tracked the thief by sent / scent. ......................................... c) The role / roll was written for a mature actor.................................................. d) The motor stalled and the car became stationary / stationery........................ e) The program contained all currant / current news items. ...............................
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
Teac he r
Nouns
Adjectives
ew i ev Pr
R 2. Complete the lists by adding suffixes. Nouns Adjectives custom ................................
............................... horizontal
moment ................................ notice .................................
................................. defiant ................................. patient
region .................................
............................. adventurous
prime ..................................
.............................. marvellous
..................................
trees growing closely together
..................................
countries in agreement
..................................
w ww
trucks travelling together
m . u
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R 3. Use one word to name these collections. a small basket of strawberries .................................. pearls in a necklace ..................................
R 4. Supply synonyms for the following. desert ........................................... vacant ..............................................
. slope ................................................ te o unite.............................................. rowdy ............................................... c . che e sailor ............................................. prohibit ............................................. r o t r victory ........................................... liberate s............................................. supe r yearly ............................................
R 5. Give the full words for the following abbreviations. Mts ................................................ COD ................................................. Pte ................................................
JP ....................................................
e.g. ...............................................
Co. ...................................................
kph ...............................................
anon. ................................................
misc. .............................................
MD ...................................................
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Teac he r
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r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
w ww
. te
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