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© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•
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Written by Kevin Rigg. Illustrated by Elizabeth Buckley. Design & Typesetting by Shay Howard. Published by Ready-Ed Publications (2007) © Ready-Ed Publications - 2007. P.O. Box 276 Greenwood Perth W.A. 6024 Email: info@readyed.com.au Website: www.readyed.com.au COPYRIGHT NOTICE Permission is granted for the purchaser to photocopy sufficient copies for non-commercial educational purposes. However, this permission is not transferable and applies only to the purchasing individual or institution.
ISBN 1 86397 677 9
Contents
Contents
Teachers’ Notes Presentation Ideas Curriculum Links
........ page 4 ........ page 5 ........ page 6
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Lesson 1: Ordering Events Teachers’ Notes Activity
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Energy and Change
........ page 8 ........ page 9 ...... page 10 ...... page 11
Lesson 3: Energy Sources Teachers’ Notes Activity
...... page 12 ...... page 13
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Lesson 2: What is Energy? Teachers’ Notes Activity
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons ...... page 14 15 • •f orr evi ew pur poses...... opage nl y Lesson 5: Energy at Home Teachers’ Notes Activity
...... page 16 ...... page 17
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Lesson 4: Using Appliances Teachers’ Notes Activity
Lesson 6: Saving Energy Teachers’ Notes Activity
...... page 18 ...... page 19
Teachers’ Notes Activity
...... page 22 ...... page 23
Answers
...... page 24
. te7: Energy Saving Poster Plan Lesson o c Teachers’ Notes ....... page 20 c e her r Activity ...... page 21 o t s s uper Lesson 8: Energy in the Community
3
Teachers’ Notes This book contains a package of photocopiable worksheets designed to be used to cover the Science learning area of “Energy and Change” with 6-8 year old students.
Lesson Sheets Layout
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STUDENT LESSON SHEET Lesson title Student learning activities
Each lesson has the potential to: • extend into more than one lesson by having separate parts to the lesson sheet. Some sections of a lesson may need planning on other paper before final copies are transferred to the lesson sheet. Some lessons may be too long for one lesson and could be completed at another time. • expand into other curriculum areas using a similar theme. There are ideas for crosscurricular integration with other learning areas. Sometimes a whole day’s work could be planned around one lesson sheet.
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At this level the students’ focus is local forms and sources of energy. Tasks involve practical activities using common everyday objects. Opportunities are provided for students to follow pictorial diagrams, create a poster and extend matching and drawing skills. Activities include ordering events, examining sources and uses of energy in everyday appliances, looking at energy transfer and studying the use of energy in the wider community.
Energy and Change
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The equipment needed has been kept to a minimum to facilitate ease of planning. It is readily available in schools or is easily acquired.
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All lesson sheets are outcome linked to the various curriculum documents (see page 6). Answers are provided where necessary (see page 24). Other books in the Practical Science series:
• • • •
4
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Science Materials and Equipment
Earth and Beyond Life and Living Natural and Processed Materials Working Scientifically
TEACHERS’ NOTES INCLUDE: (FOR EACH LESSON)
Outcome links;
Required materials;
Lesson plan ideas including extension ideas and teaching tips; Cross-curricular/integration ideas.
Presentation Ideas
Energy and Change
• Create a display using items used in the lesson and worksheets. Children could make labels for the items. • Make a frieze of drawings, magazine cut-outs and worksheets used in the lesson. Students can label the pictures.
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• Take digital photos of the activity and download/print them for a language activity. Children can create labels to put under the photos.
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• Children could produce labels or text for the photos which can be used to create a class book or display in the library. • Display record pages alongside the data collection pages in a class display.
• Collect photos from the children of activities, pets, homes, etc.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f o rr e ew p pos s onl y• • Use art pieces asv ai backdrop tou ar display ofe the children’s • Cut the worksheets up into parts and display, together with the children’s drawings. worksheets.
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• Children could prepare and present talks to another class using the worksheets as a guide.
. te o Internet Use c . che e r o t r s super
All websites listed in the Practical Science books are linked from the Ready-Ed website listed below. This saves the teacher and/or student from typing in the addresses each time. External websites referred to in this book will be updated through the Ready-Ed site below should they disappear or modify their address after publication. Bookmark this site for ease of use:
www.readyed.com.au/urls/science 5
Curriculum Links
Energy and Change
The activities in Practical Science: Energy and Change can be linked to the following Science strands and learning outcomes for each state/territory.
State/Territory
Outcomes
Energy and Change r o e t s r -B Energy and Us e o p - Transferringo Energy u - Energy Sourcesk S and Receivers Science
·
1.4, 2.4 1.5, 2.5 1.6, 2.6
New South Wales
Science and Technology
· Physical Phenomena
PP S1.4 PP S2.4
Victoria (VELS)
Science
· Science, Knowledge
CSF 1.1
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South Australia
. t Western Australiae
and Understanding · Science at Work Physical Science: Energy and its Uses
Science
· Energy and Change
Science
· Energy Systems
1.1, 1.2, 1.3
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Queensland
6
Strands
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NT, ACT and Tas. (National Curriculum)
Subject Area
1.3, 1.4
EC 1, EC 2 o c . che e r o t r s super Science
· Energy and Change
Energy and Change Lesson plans and activities for:
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•What is Energy? •Energy Sources •Using Appliances •Energy at Home •Saving Energy •Energy Saving Poster Plan •Energy in the Community
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•Ordering Events
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Lesson 1
Lesson 1
Teachers’ Notes
Energy and Change
Ordering Events Learning Outcome: • Describes interactions and sequences of connected events.
Materials:
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Lesson Ideas:
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• a set of four birthdays from class members on cards • days of the week written on cards • a range of small pot plants showing a variety of plant development and some seeds (try to include a dead or dying plant)
• Write the birth dates on the board and ask the four children to come up to the front. • Ask the selected children to line up in the order they have their birthday this year. Try this with the whole class.
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• Write the days of the week on cards and distribute at random to seven children. Ask them to organise themselves to stand in order at the front of the room. Do a similar thing with the months.
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• Show the plants and seeds and suggest someone place them in a logical order, e.g. from seed to dead plant.
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• Children complete the first section of the worksheet by writing in the numbers showing the order of the events.
. teIdeas: o Integration c . c The Arts: Children fold the paper into four and draw an activity in four e h r er o parts in order. st super • Children draw pictures to show a known story in order.
Maths: Order numbers, times, dates, and so on. Sorting: Children cut out the individual pictures of the “ordering” events and resort them into the correct order. English (Literature): Read parts of a fairy tale or nursery rhyme in the wrong order and ask the children to suggest the correct order.
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Lesson 1
Ordering Events
Energy and Change
Number the pictures to show the correct order of events. 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901
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B
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Draw pictures to show a story in order.
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Teachers’ Notes
Lesson 2
Energy and Change
What is Energy? Learning Outcome: • Identifies sources of energy in daily life.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u Lesson Ideas: S Materials:
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• variety of small appliances and toys which require different energies to operate (e.g. torch, toaster, push toy, wind toy, gas heater, and so on)
• Discuss the concept of energy and show examples of the types of energy needed to operate the various examples (appliances and toys). • List the types of energy used on the board.
• Discuss the types of energy used to do various things at home.
• Children draw lines matching the items with the energy type used to make it work.
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• Discuss cooking and heating at home and list suggestions. Try to incorporate appliances which use different types of energy to electricity.
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Integration Ideas:
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• Children choose their own ideas and complete drawings for “Energy at Home”.
The Arts: Each group can focus on a different type of energy (e.g. wind, electricity, etc.). Using a large piece of art paper, students can paint or draw the appliances which use that type of energy.
o c . che Health: Discuss electrical safety concerning the electrical appliances that e r are on display in the classroom. o t r s super
10
What is Energy?
Lesson 2 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901
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Energy and Change
Energy is needed to move things.
Match the pictures to the type of energy needed to make it work.
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electricity
muscles motor
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B
Energy at Home
Draw and label two more things we use to heat our homes.
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o c . • _______________ • _______________ wood firec e her r o t s sup er Draw and label two more things we use to cook our food.
hot plate
• _______________ • _______________ 11
Teachers’ Notes
Lesson 3
Energy and Change
Energy Sources Learning Outcomes: • Identifies sources of energy in daily life. • Describes observable changes that occur in two objects that interact, identifying the energy source and receiver.
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• 2 small toys which have simple functions, e.g. yo-yo • 2 hand tools (e.g. hand drill, screwdriver, hammer) • tennis ball
Lesson Ideas:
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• Discuss the concept of energy having to be provided in order for things to move or work. • Demonstrate using common examples such as moving a chair, closing a window or door, or using a pen. • Children fill in the missing words to describe who/what is providing the energy. (A) • Explain the terms “source” and “receiver” in relation to energy. • Demonstrate the transfer or energy using one of the small toys, one of the tools and also with a throwing and catching activity using the tennis ball. • Children write in the source and receiver in the next exercise (B) on the worksheet. • Provide another demonstration using the other toy and tool showing energy transfer. • Children name and draw the energy source and receiver for that particular demonstration. Repeat with the other example.
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Integration Ideas:
English (Speaking and Listening): In groups, the children take turns operating their class equipment. The group discusses the energy type and source/receiver.
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Energy Sources
Lesson 3
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A
Energy and Change
Write who is giving the energy and who is receiving the energy.
r o e t s BThe r e oo _________ is giving p The _________ is giving u k energy to the __________ energy to the __________ S
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E.g. The man is giving energy to the ball.
The man, woman and boy are energy sources. The ball, violin and swing are energy receivers.
B
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Who is the receiver of energy here?
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What is the source of energy here?
List and draw two energy sources and receivers.
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Energy Sources
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Teachers' Notes
Lesson 4
Energy and Change
Using Appliances Learning Outcomes: • Describes ways energy is used in daily life. • Describes interactions and sequences of connected events.
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• electric knife • hair dryer • range of other small household electric appliances
Lesson Ideas:
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• Show and demonstrate the electric appliances. Children to discuss what the appliance does (not what it is used for). Then have the children discuss what it is used for. Explain the difference between function and uses.
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• Children complete the first activity by drawing lines from the appliance to its function and its uses.
• The next section (B) could be cut off the master sheet and used at another time or used as an assessment.
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• Demonstrate the small appliances for students to add to the table. Children can also suggest other appliances of their own.
o c . c e r Health: Discuss andh demonstrate correct electrical safety practices. er o t s s uper English (Word Study): Children list as many appliances as they can
The Arts: Students paint or draw scenes of appliances being used in the home.
on a spelling sheet which can then be used for word study activities. The Arts (Drama): Using mime, children pretend to use an appliance while the class take turns to guess the appliance.
14
Using Appliances
Lesson 4
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Draw a line to join the appliance to the work it does. Then match it to 1234567890123456789012345678 the reason why we use it. 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 •It heats 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 cooking wires. 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 •It sucks air. 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 •It gets hot on 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 the bottom. 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 •It shows 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 pictures 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678 1234567890123456789012345678
work it does
•We use it to pick up dust.
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why we use it
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•We watch it for fun.
•We use it to toast bread.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• Complete these:
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B
Energy and Change
Appliance
Function
Use
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o c . che e r o t r s super •It moves water around in a tub.
•We use it to wash clothes.
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•It keeps things cold all the time.
•We use it to keep food cold. 15
Lesson 5
Teachers' Notes
Energy and Change
Energy at Home Learning Outcomes: • Explains ways people in the community use energy. • Explains ways that applications of science protect people.
Materials:
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Lesson Ideas:
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• collection of appliances and tools which use all types of energy (e.g. gas heater, solar calculator, picture of wood fire, electrical appliance, lawnmower, mop, battery operated tooth brush and so on) • magazines for cut-outs • toaster • Show all appliances and have children suggest the types of energy each one uses.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• • Children discuss in small groups what is used in their home. Children
• List on the board the tasks from the worksheet (e.g. heating the house, cooking, heating water, cutting grass) and discuss the different appliances used and the energy needed.
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can fill in the list of energy types and draw or paste pictures of the main appliance used at home. (Photos of the items can be brought in from home and pasted onto the sheet.) • Demonstrate the safety features of the toaster and ask children to write about two of these features.
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o c . The Arts: Childrenc draw or paint someone using an appliance at home. e hListening): r English (Speaking ande Children use the worksheet as a o t r s suUsed pe guide to prepare a talk on “Energy Atr Home”. Another idea is for Integration Ideas:
students to prepare a talk on the safety features of home appliances.
Maths: Create a class graph showing the energies used at home. Use a tally or bar graph.
16
Energy at Home
Lesson 5
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A
Energy and Change
Tick the types of energy found at your home. solar energy
electricity
wood fire petrol motor
gas
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B
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What energy do you use at home for each of these things?
E.g. Electricity (heater)
Draw
Draw
© Rwater eadyEdPu l i cat i ograss ns Cutting the b Heating
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Draw
Draw
Safety . t o What e helps make this toaster safe? Discuss two things. c . che e r o r st super
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C
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Lesson 6
Teachers' Notes
Energy and Change
Saving Energy Learning Outcome: • Identifies sources of energy in daily life.
Materials:
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• class heater and fans • appliance with an LED light, e.g. torch • pictures of a solar hot water system • small reading lamp with light globes of various wattage
Lesson Ideas:
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• Discuss the energy sources the children have at home. Relate to the home survey in Lesson 5.
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons • Discuss wattage globes help save electricity. can •how f olow rr evi e w can pu r p os esoChildren nl y•
• Conduct a whole class or group brainstorm on ways to use less electricity at home. Make a list and discuss. rank the light globes in strength and show how low wattage uses less power. Demonstrate the lamp with the different globes.
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• Children complete section A. This can be done orally and suggested phrases or words can be written on the board for the children to put into a sentence. • Children draw the answers to section B and match the sentences in part C. Again, these can be discussed first if needed. The worksheet can be done in two parts, for example, B could be enlarged and completed on A3 paper in small groups.
o c . che e r o t r s Integration Ideas: super
The Arts: The ideas presented for saving energy could be illustrated. English (Writing): Children write a paragraph describing how to wash the clothes or heat/cool the room and so on.
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A
Lesson 6
Saving Energy
Energy and Change
Why is it wise to use less electricity at home? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
B
Draw pictures to show these energy saving ideas in the home.
Shut the windows and doors when you heat the house.
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Put full loads of washing in the washing machine.
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Use a solar hot water system.
Don’t leave the fridge door open.
Ceiling fans use less power
with fluorescent globes.
Wash your clothes
when you leave the room.
Set the hot water
with cold water.
Replace normal light globes
temperature lower.
. teup these energy saving sentences: o C Match c . c e her Turn off the lights thano airr conditioners. t s super
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Lesson 7
Teachers' Notes
Energy and Change
Energy Saving Poster Plan Learning Outcomes: • Describes ways energy is used in daily life.
r o e t s B r e oo Materials: p u k S • Identifies sources of energy in daily life.
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energy-saving resources from the library (e.g. books and posters) Internet (printed pages, websites) a computer to use for creating labels magazines for cut-outs
• art paper, pencils, scissors, glue, felt pens, etc.
Lesson Ideas:
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• • • •
Browse some websites to find poster ideas for the children. Print some ideas off and distribute or let the children browse online themselves. Starting points: www.edfenergy.com – browse to the energy efficiency page www.consumerenergycenter.org/tips/index.html www.energyquest.ca.gov/saving_energy • Discuss energy saving ideas and present the children with some resources to choose from. • Children collect what they can from home using either the Internet, magazines, relevant flyers from the mail, newspapers and so on, and choose their ideas for their poster. • Children plan how their poster will look by drawing on the plan where they will include the ideas they have chosen. They will need to tick off the checklist as they make the plan. • When they have completed the plan they can use the art paper and commence making the poster. Ensure they use all the items from the checklist. Some parts of the poster can be done on computer and printed out (descriptions and labels). • Posters can be completed in class or done as a homework activity. • Display the posters around the school and in other classes, e.g. library.
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Integration Ideas: English (Speaking and Listening): Children present their poster to the class or another class as a talk on energy saving. 20
Lesson 7
Energy Saving Poster Plan
Energy and Change
Plan and make a poster about ‘Saving Energy at Home’. Here’s what to do: 1. Make a poster plan on this sheet. Use the box below to list your ideas. 2. Mark off the items from the checklist. 3. Choose your energy saving ideas. 4. Collect pictures from magazines or from the Internet. 5. Create your poster using the art paper. See your teacher.
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you include them. Title
Your drawings Magazine images (cut-outs)
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r o e t s Bo r e p ok Poster Plan Checklist u S as Tick off the items
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Labels on pictures
Include:
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Tips for cooking Tips for washing clothes
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Border
. te o Tips for heating c . c e r Tips for coolingh er o t s s r u e p Some ideas of your own
______________ ______________ ______________ 21
Lesson 8
Teachers' Notes
Energy and Change
Energy in the Community Learning Outcome: • Identifies ways science is used in daily life. • Explains ways people in the community use energy. • Describes the ways people in the community use science.
r o e t s B r e oo Materials: p u k S
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• collection of posters and pictures of farmers, truck drivers and builders
• small display of tools used by farmers and builders which use different energy (hand drill, toy truck, hammer, electric drill, solar calculator, etc.)
Lesson Ideas:
• Show the tools and discuss how they work and who would use them. List the energy types on the board (e.g. electric, muscle, petrol motor, solar).
© ReadyEdPubl i cat i ons •f ortask r e vi ewhasptou r p othe se s nl y• • Discuss each the farmer do from list ono the worksheet. Students make their choice as to what energy is used to complete the task.
• Children draw the people who use that type of energy.
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• Discuss the energy a truck driver and builder uses. Children make their own choices and give ideas which can be written on the board.
o c . Society and Environment / SOSE / HSIE: Collect cut outs of people c e he at work and have them classified according to whichr type of energy o t r sa large piece of sup they are using. Paste the collected cut e outsr onto paper and display. Integration Ideas:
English (Writing): Children write about the jobs of their family members and the types of energy the particular family member uses to carry out his/her job.
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Lesson 8
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A
Energy in the Community
Energy and Change
Place the letter next to the farming activity to show the energy that is used. E electricity
S sun
milking cows in a dairy
P petrol motor
harvesting crops
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B
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r o e t s Bo sheep r shearing growing cropse p ok u S paddocks clearing the bush ploughing
List two sorts of energy a truck driver uses.
They use this to _________________________
They use _________________________ © Read yE dthisPtoub l i cat i ons •f or r ev e w pau r pos esonl y• two sorts ofi energy builder uses. C List
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D
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They use this to _________________________ They use this to _________________________
o c . using a fire for energy using the sun energy cfor e her r o st super Draw someone ...
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Answers
Energy and Change
Lesson 1 – Ordering Events A) 3, 4, 1, 2. B) 2, 4, 3, 1. C) 3, 1, 4, 2. D) and E) Answers will vary.
r o e t s Bo r e p ok u S
Lesson 2 – What is Energy?
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Lesson 3 – Energy and Change A) 1. Boy, violin; 2. Boy, swing. B) 1. Wood fire; 2. Lady.
Lesson 4 – Using Appliances
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A) Yacht = wind; car = motor; washing machine = electricity; torch = batteries; horse = muscles. B) Electric heater, column heater, air conditioner, blower heater, and so on; C) Oven, microwave, appliances, and so on.
A) 1. Iron, gets hot on the bottom, flatten clothes; 2. Toaster, heats wires, toast bread; 3. TV, shows pictures, fun; 4. Vacuum cleaner, sucks air, picks up dust from floor. B) 1. Cut bread or meat; 2. Draw washing machine; 3. Blows hot air; 4. Draw fridge.
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Lesson 5 – Energy at Home
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A) Answers will vary. B) Answers will vary. C) Answers will vary but may include that the toaster is made of heat resistant material, wires are hidden inside, and also includes a shut off switch.
. te o c Lesson 6 – Saving Energy . c e hvary. r A) and B) Answers will e o t r s sup r C) 1. – When you leave the room; 2. –e Than air conditioners; 3. – With cold water; 4. – Temperature lower; 5. – With fluorescent globes.
Lesson 8 – Energy in the Community A) 1. P; 2. P; 3. S; 4. E; 5. P; 6. P. B), C) and D) Answers will vary.
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