Proofreading and Editing: Ages 9-12

Middle/Upper

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By Gunter Schymkiw RIC-0181 3.3/112

R.I.C. Publications

Foreword The aim of this book is to provide children with experience in proofreading and editing written text.

A high level of proficiency in these skills is necessary for accurate self-assessment of written work.

Proofreading and Editing consists of a selection of passages that contain punctuation, spelling and grammatical errors. Detailed explanations of more difficult skills such as using direct speech, paragraphing,

Run for it!

identifying the features of recount and narrative writing and punctuating playscripts are also included.

The choice of topics and humour within the passages makes them appealing to children.

Suitable for middle to upper primary students.

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C.Publ i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• Table of Contents Sheet Page Foreword and Table of Contents ............................................... i Teacher Information .................................................................................. ii Programming Overview .......................................................................... iii

Sheet Page The New Pet ..................................................................................................... 13 The Robbery ..................................................................................................... 14 Bluerinsebeard the Fierce .............................................................. 15 Table Talk .............................................................................................................. 16 The Life of a Dollar Coin .................................................................... 17 Thin Ice .................................................................................................................... 18 Sunken Treasure ........................................................................................ 19 Hunger is the Best Sauce .......................................................... 20 The Athletics Carnival ......................................................................... 21 Our Excursion ............................................................................................... 22 Three Bears and a Little Lady ............................................... 23 The Great Escape ................................................................................... 24 Writing Terms ............................................................................................... 25

At the Supermarket ................................................................................. 1 After School ....................................................................................................... 2 Late! ............................................................................................................................. 3 Direct Speech ................................................................................................. 4 The Fox and the Crow ............................................................................ 5 The Little Red Hen .................................................................................... 6 The Pet Show .................................................................................................... 7 Gone Fishing ...................................................................................................... 8 On Holidays ......................................................................................................... 9 Shipwrecked! ................................................................................................... 10 Dream Valley ...................................................................................................... 11 Home is the Sailor from the Sea ........................................ 12 R.I.C. Publications

Answers ................................................................................................... 26-29 i

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Proofreading and Editing

Teacher Information The following is an explanation of how to use one of the pages in this book.

The activities follow a developmental pattern but can be completed in isolation according to students’ individual needs.

A variety of lesson formats can be used in presenting the topics – individual, small group or whole class. Children should be encouraged to contribute in discussion and interact orally with teacher direction where needed.

Precise instructions telling what has to be done. Forms of punctuation commonly used by middle to upper primary children extensively covered.

for editing © R. I .

C.Publ i cat i onsPassage using vocabulary suited to children o rr evi ew pur poseson l ymiddle • to Grammar• andf word from to do we arriv S soon

The Fox and the Crow Punctuation The passage needs 18 capital letters, 18 full stops, 2 apostrophes used in contractions, 1 set of speech marks and 1 comma. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

study activities.

Usage activities that target common errors in children’s writing.

Clear explanations in language that children can understand or new or focal points.

flew up on to a tree branch she in piece a fox was walking near␣ by he looked up and seen

Usage

1.

piece

the crow he were a very hungry

2.

fox he hadnt eaten anything for

3.

to days he decided he wood try

4.

to trick the crow and steal the

5.

cheese off her he spoke to her

6.

about her beauty the crow

7.

didnt say nothing she new that

Speech marks are 8. only used where 9. the exact words 10. spoken are written. When you 11. write about what 12. someone says but 13. don’t use their exact words this 14. is called indirect 15. or reported speech.

16.

upper primary.

All sheets are self-contained but allow for extension by the teacher.

if she replied she would drop the cheese the fox said he thought that crows where the most intelligent of all the birds the crow still said nothing sing to me in your beautiful voice said the fox the crow was so flattered that she sung to him the moment

17.

she done this the cheese fell from her beak the fox gobbled it

Put the words below into their correct groups.

Three have been done for you. Colour each word as you use it.

vulture parmesan banyan eucalyptus cedar albatross cheddar oak beech camembert galah cormorant cottage mozzarella raven R.I.C. Publications

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it looked good and fresh to she wanted to eat the cheese their

Words Highlight 10 verbs.

Usage There are 17 words that have been used incorrectly.

Circle them and write the correct word on the line as shown in the example.

a crow found a peace of cheese

up and run off

vulture

eucalyptus

5

ii

cheddar

Proofreading and Editing

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Extension activities to challenge children.

Proofreading and Editing

Content Covered 1

2

3

4

5

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8

Activity Number 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

identifying sentences using capital letters to begin sentences ending sentences with full stops commas when listing using question marks using exclamation marks direct speech quotation marks for titles of books, films apostrophes: contractions apostrophes: ownership writing the date nouns in apposition commas when addressing paragraphing topic sentence transition sentences there/their/they're was/were where/were no/know new/knew to/two/too by/bye/buy of/off took/taken hour/our bought/brought piece/peace onto/on to nearby nothing/anything sang/sung did/done ran/run ground/grind flour/flower eat/ate swam/swum threw/through his/he's always/all ways saw/seen come/came eaten/eating here/hear is/are night/knight horse/hoarse its/it's for/four wrote/written a/an drank/drunk gone/went week/weak herd/heard took/taken blue/blew your/you're wasn't/weren't been/being feet/feat learn/teach forgot/forgotten broke/broken common nouns proper nouns verbs compound verbs verbs: using correct tense joining words singular and plural adjectives adverbs recount genre orientation events evaluation narrative genre complication resolution playscript dialogue

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C.Publ i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

R.I.C. Publications

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At the Supermarket

Punctuation The passage needs 23 capital letters, 15 full stops, 4 commas and 2 question marks.

Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Words Highlight 5 common nouns and 5 proper nouns.

robert and jodie live in newcastle one

Jo

saturday morning they went shopping with

! e i d

their parents they went to a big supermarket robert pushed the shopping trolley they bought bread milk tea jam fruit and vegetables suddenly mother looked up where was jodie she had become separated from the family mother went to the desk the lady there made an announcement over the loudspeaker soon jodie came to the desk where had she been

Hmmm...

she had been reading books in the book department mother was pleased to see her

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C.Publ i cat i ons dad started the car and off they went it had f oday rr evi ew pur posesonl y• been a• busy daughter at last now it was time to go home

Draw and label some things you buy at a supermarket.

The words you use as labels will be nouns. Nouns are naming words.

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After School

Punctuation The passage needs 25 capital letters, 18 full stops, 2 question marks and 2 commas.

Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Words Highlight 10 nouns.

Usage There are 10 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

rachel and amanda are cousins they both

Usage

go to the same school mrs snapdragon is the name of there teacher she teaches year too both girls are good students rachel likes mathematics the best amanda is very good at writing stories one monday morning a strange thing happened it was after school both the girls had forgotten they’re homework

1.

their

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

books they came back to school two get

8.

them nobody were at school they opened the

9.

door quietly do you know what they saw the

10.

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C.Publ i cat i ons dictation the chalk was writing the words on •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• the blackboard were where the sticky tape chalk desk rubber and ruler were doing a

and duster the girls asked the glue and scissors but they didn’t no nobody new where they where they were outside playing sport and doing exercises

Chalk is leading this aerobics group. Draw some more things from the classroom joining in.

Label each thing and underneath write what it is doing. These doing words are called verbs.

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Late!

Punctuation The passage needs 20 capital letters, 13 full stops, 2 question marks and 4 commas.

Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Words Highlight 10 nouns. If they are proper nouns underline them also.

Usage There are 15 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words on the lines as shown in the example.

jessica crept too the classroom door she had 1.

to

Usage

come two school late the past to days today was wednesday and she was late again

2.

what would mr nutter do would she be kept

3.

in buy him she knocked every gently on the

4.

door mr nutter sprang from his chair he

5.

opened the door he asked her why she were

6.

late jessica explained that she had too by

7.

her mother some slippers at the shop she

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

had become tangled up in a ball off wool it

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C.Publ i cat i ons to free her she brought the slippers at the shop bought them tooo school •f orr evi e wand pu r po ses nl ymr•nutter had took the ladies at the shop half an our

13.

told her two sit she got out her rubber ruler

14.

pencil glue sharpener and scissors and began

15.

the lesson

Sort these words from the story into nouns and verbs.

crept school chair

ruler

Verbs

Nouns

told

glue

tangled pencil

wool knocked asked opened

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Direct Speech

When we use the actual words said by a speaker we enclose them using speech marks (quotation marks). These can be either single (❛…❜) or double (❝…❞). Note the punctuation used in the examples below.

Speaker First Amanda said, ❛My budgie loves singing.❜ Alfred shouted, ❛Look out!❜ Natalie asked, ❛May I have another lettuce leaf?❜

Statement Exclamation Question

Speaker Last ❛My budgie loves singing,❜ said Amanda. ❛Look out!❜ shouted Alfred. ❛May I have another lettuce leaf?❜ asked Natalie.

Statement Exclamation Question

lo So !

O io M

Broken Quotation ❛May I,❜ asked Natalie, ❛have another lettuce leaf?❜ Titles When a speaker includes the name of a book, film etc., these must be enclosed in quotation marks.

Single and double quotation marks should be used alternately in such cases. ❛I have found the book ❝How To Sit On A Chair❞ very interesting,❜ said Ron. Paragraphing Whenever a new speaker talks in a dialogue a new line should be started.

Remember - new speaker, new line!

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons this meat loaf looks so chumpy you could carve it said brian •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

Punctuate the dialogue below.

its the finest we have ever eaten said gregory i have had six chunks already drooled matthew i would like another chunk said terry hurry up said kate because the film gone with the mind starts on television in one minute grrrrr growled rover with foam appearing in the corners of his mouth the teacher asked the children what would you like to be when you grow up sarah answered i would like to be a nurse jonathon said i think im best suited to being a politician or used car salesman john-ross joined in id like to be a garden gnome i think said lara that id like to be a dancer R.I.C. Publications

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The Fox and the Crow Punctuation The passage needs 18 capital letters, 18 full stops, 2 apostrophes used in contractions, 1 set of speech marks and 1 comma. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

it looked good and fresh to she flew up on to a tree branch she wanted to eat the cheese their

Words Highlight 10 verbs.

Usage There are 17 words that have been used incorrectly.

Circle them and write the correct word on the line as shown in the example.

a crow found a peace of cheese

in piece a fox was walking near␣ by he looked up and seen

Usage

1.

piece

the crow he were a very hungry

2.

fox he hadnt eaten anything for

3.

to days he decided he wood try

4.

to trick the crow and steal the

5.

cheese off her he spoke to her

6.

about her beauty the crow

7.

didnt say nothing she new that

Speech marks are 8. only used where 9. the exact words 10. spoken are written. When you 11. write about what 12. someone says but 13. don’t use their exact words this 14. is called indirect 15. or reported speech.

16.

if she replied she would drop

© R. I .

C.Pubthought l i cat i on s where the that crows most intelligent of all the birds •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• the crow still said nothing the cheese the fox said he

sing to me in your beautiful voice said the fox the crow was so flattered that she sung to him the moment

17.

she done this the cheese fell from her beak the fox gobbled it

Put the words below into their correct groups.

Three have been done for you. Colour each word as you use it.

vulture parmesan banyan eucalyptus cedar albatross cheddar oak beech camembert galah cormorant cottage mozzarella raven R.I.C. Publications

up and run off

vulture

eucalyptus

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cheddar

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The Little Red Hen

Punctuation The passage needs 19 capital letters, 19 full stops, 5 commas, 4 apostrophes in contractions and 3 sets of speech marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Words Highlight 10 verbs.

Usage There are 8 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

Notice!

A new line is taken when a new speaker talks.

a little red hen found a wheat seed she decided to plant it she asked a cat a fox and a pig to help her i cant help said the cat im to busy answered the fox ive got two much to do replied the pig the little red hen dug a hole she dropped the seed in to it she cover it the seed grow into a fine stalk of wheat the little red hen reaped the wheat she grinded it into flower she mixed this with

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons the bread with cati fox she and her eat it they •f orthe r ev e wandppig ur po se schick onl y•

water in a bowl and made dough she put this into a baking dish she put the dish into the oven when the loaf was baked she didnt share asked her how it tasted she told them that it was delicious

1.

too

Usage Finish the cartoon below by drawing the pig and filling in the speech bubbles of the animals replying to the little red hen.

You don’t need speech marks in this genre (style of writing).

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Will you help me?

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The Pet Show Punctuation The passage below needs 20 capital letters, 15 full stops, 3 sets of speech marks, 3 commas and 4␣ apostrophes that show ownership.

Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

the children bought in there pets mr snapper told the class to form a

circle

we paraded around the playground marys duck quacked loudly all through the day

Words Highlight 10 verbs.

craigs dog showed the class some tricks

Usage There are 8 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

To join a number of ideas into one sentence a joining word must be used. There is one sentence in the passage that has two ideas linked by a joining word. Underline it using a pencil and ruler.

Notice!

our class had a pet show yesterday all

he walked on to legs and chased his tail jonathons pet goldfish swum in a tank everybody had to talk about the pet they showed my toads name is laurie said helga my turtle has swam in our bathtub said dean

our poodle is a at good watchdog © R. I .

C. Pu bl i c i on s said noel enjoy the day everybody receive a •f orr evi ewwe p ur posesonl y• prize we learnt a lot about pets to

A new line is taken when a new speaker talks.

1.

brought

Usage 2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

List 8 animals with 3 letter names.

Draw and label a picture of one of them.

1

5

2

6

3

7

4

8

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Gone Fishing

Punctuation The passage below needs 29 capital letters, 16 full stops, 2 question marks, 4 sets of speech marks, 1 apostrophe in contraction, 4 commas and 2 apostrophes that show ownership. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Words Highlight 10 nouns.

Usage There are 11 words that have been used incorrectly . Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

You should not use ‘went and’ in your writing. It doesn’t mean anything. Rule a line through it wherever it appears in the passage.

Notice!

A new line is taken when a new speaker talks. If you are going to use speech in your stories it is important that you remember this rule.

lukes dad was going fishing luke loved fishing he saw his dad getting ready mr crabgrass

Usage

went and put his hook line sinker and bait

1.

into his fishing basket

2.

may i go with you dad asked luke

3.

too

4.

youre to little answered mr crabgrass

5.

6. © R. I .

C.Publ i cat i on s 7. have you did youre home work asked mrs 8. n •f orr evi ew pur poseso l y• crabgrass

luke went in side

9.

i done it last night answered luke

10.

he decided to follow his dad mr crabgrass

11.

went and through in his line a big fish went and took the bait lukes father was pulled in to the water luckily luke were watching he went and found a branch and rescued hes dad mr crabgrass all ways takes luke fishing with him now Some letters have escaped from the fish words below. Replace the missing letters.

sh_rk

t_na

m_lle_

b_rram_ndi

_el

brea_

m_rlin

_oldfis_

swor_fish

c_d

fl_thea_

whi_ing

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On Holidays Punctuation The passage below needs 33 capital letters, 12 full stops, 4 commas, 4␣ sets of speech marks, 2 question marks and 1 apostrophe that shows ownership.

Words There are 11 different proper nouns that have been used. Highlight them.

Usage There are 6 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

1.

Usage

were

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

phillip and alison was on holidays they went to victoria with mum and dad they seen many things mum and dad shared the driving at echuca on the murray river they had a ride on a paddle steamer they visited the fruit cannery

A new line is taken when a new speaker talks.

at shepparton the next day the family

went to ballarat gold was discovered there in 1851 the trip along

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons when he back too school phillips teacher asked how •come f or r ev i e wp ur p oses on l ydid•you

the great ocean road was very interesting alison loved the beautiful scenery

enjoy you’re holiday

he answered i loved every minute mrs peppercorn asked what did you like the best phillip replied i liked eaten the biscuits whenever we stopped at a motel Use the code below to write the names of some of the towns visited by Phillip and Alison.

a b c d e f g h i ❁

❂

❃

❄

❅

❆

❇

❈

❉

j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

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●

❍

■

B e n d i g o ❂

❅

■

❄

❉

❇

❏

❐

✱

✲

▲

▼

◆

❖

◗

✸

✹

w a r r n a m b o o k

❏

◗

❁

✲

✲

■

❁

❍

❂

❏

❏

●

w a n g a r a t t a

w a r r a g u l

s t a w e l l

m o r n a n g t o n

◗

❁

■

▲

❇

▼

❁

❁

✲

◗

❁

❅

▼

▼

❁

◗

●

●

❍

h a m i l t o n ❈

❁

R.I.C. Publications

❍

❉

●

▼

❏

✺

❁

❏

✲

✲

✲

■

❁

❇

■

❉

◆

❇

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▼

❏

■

m i l d u r a

■

❍

9

❉

●

❄

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✲

❁

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Shipwrecked!

Punctuation The passage needs 33 capital letters, 17 full stops, 1 question mark, 3 apostrophes in contractions and 6 commas. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Words Highlight all of the proper nouns. One word should be left out so that its sentence makes sense. Rule a line through it.

Usage There are 14 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

1.

an

Usage

2.

3.

4.

5.

today is friday 13 july 1615 im writing a

6.

account of my stay on this island ive now

7.

been shipwrecked hear for exactly about one

8.

year my name is robert pennyfarthingalopoulis

9.

i were a seaman on the good ship anemone

10.

our ship was caught in a wild storm of the

11.

coast of africa she went down on thursday

12.

13 july 1614 i seen what looked like land and

13.

14. © R. I .

C.Publ i cat i on s before i passed out when i awoke i f or vi eiw pfor ur po se so l y• found • myself on r ae beach sung joy this island isn beautifuller

swum towards it i had swam for several ours

than any place i have ever saw it has a good supply of water the thing that bothers me the most are the large number of tropical insects thay’re everywhere this morning i found some inside my bedsocks on my pillow in my nightshirt and in the tea today i found the impression of a human foot in a peace of granite could it be that im not alone on this island Draw a map of the island.

Mark in things such as Robert’s cottage, swamps, mountains, rivers, lakes and a treasure. Use plenty of colours and try to make the island an interesting shape.

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Dream Valley last knight i had an unusual dream i was walking a long a dusty road a clear brook

Usage

bubbled nearby i looked into its water and saw the silver reflections of large fishes gleaming

1.

night

2.

brightly an old hoarse was eating the rich

3.

green grass bye the roadside it lifted its head

4.

and looked at me threw wise eyes

5.

what are you doing here it says to me

6.

7.

i dont know i answered in a shaky voice

8.

i followed it until we came to a colourful rainbow we walked under it and found ourselfs in a wonderful place

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons •There f or vi ew u r p oses othem nl y •the correct are r 8e words that have p been used incorrectly.

Circle and put

Punctuation The passage above needs 12 capital letters, 10 full stops, 1 question mark, 1 apostrophe, 2 commas and 2 sets of speech marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Usage

words as shown in the example.

Words

Read the information about adjectives below. Highlight 10 adjectives from the passage.

Notice!

When its is used to show ownership it does not follow the apostrophe rule (write the owner, put the apostrophe after the owner, add ‘s’ if it is added in normal usage). It does not have an apostrophe.

Example: The dog was asleep in its kennel.

If you use ‘it’s’ in your writing it should only be as a contraction for ‘it is’.

Example: It’s a sunny day.

Adjectives Adjectives are describing words. They describe nouns. They usually appear immediately before the nouns they describe. The words underlined in the sentences below are examples of two types of adjectives.

Descriptive Adjectives

Nancy is a pretty, little girl.

Mary had a pretty, pink ribbon in her hair.

Number Adjectives

There were ten, green bottles hanging on the wall.

Today is the ninth of December.

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Home is the Sailor from the Sea

Look at these examples of nouns in apposition. Look at the punctuation. The second piece of information adds further information to the first without changing the sentence.

Mr McWeasal, our school principal, is a delightful man.

Henry, the little boy who lives in a shoe, slept at my place last night.

Boffo, the wonder cat, can juggle four oranges wearing a blindfold.

Punctuation The passage needs 22 capital letters, 13 full stops, 9 commas (2 related to direct speech and 6␣ related to nouns in apposition), 1␣ exclamation mark, 2 apostrophes in contractions and 3 sets of speech marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

captain bluerinsebeard the ferocious pirate was the terror of the seven seas he had came from a poor family he had ran away to sea at the age of three fifty years later he was the captain of his own ship piracy is hard work he set about looking for ships to rob he did not find any his ship the flounder had for masts it was difficult work catching huge modern ships in a sailing ship

Words Highlight 10 adjectives (remember that numbers are adjectives).

© R. I .

Cif. ub i caagain t i on iP had myl time id s get a faster ship said bluerinsebeard •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• gold doubloons squawked fifi his fierce

Usage There are 6 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

parakeet as it cracked a grain of corn if i had my time again id have brought some sails for old flounder he continued

Usage 2.

he has wrote a interesting book about

3.

4.

his exciting adventures

5.

6.

1.

come

A doubloon was a Spanish gold coin.

Put in the missing vowels to name the currency of these countries.

Russia

Spain

p_s_t_ R.I.C. Publications

r__bl_

Germany

Italy

m_rk

l_r_

UK

India

p__nd

r_p__ 12

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USA

d_ll_r Proofreading and Editing

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The New Pet Punctuation The passage needs 18 capital letters, 11 full stops, 5␣ commas (4 of these are related to nouns in apposition), 1 question mark and 2 sets of speech marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Usage

There are 9 words that have been used incorrectly.

Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

Usage 1.

given

2.

3.

it was a sunny saturday morning bianca and

4.

brenton were excited mum had just gave

5.

them there pocket money four the week they

6.

had been saving for a pet mouse

7.

can we go to the pet shop bianca asked her

8.

mother

9.

yes children said mrs bluebottle

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons owner was pleased to see them they done what they had came to •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• do the mouse squeaker likes his knew home very much brenton drunk his milk before anyone could blink two times the

children had went in to the pet shop mr pennypincher the pet shop

‘Two times’ is a clumsy form of expression.

Can you think of a single word that could be used instead?

Syllables We can learn how to spell large, seemingly difficult words by breaking them into their smaller parts (called syllables). If you say a word at normal speed and clap the number of parts it naturally breaks into you will be clapping the syllables. Many words have just one syllable.

Write these words from the passage in their syllable parts.

sunny =

sun

Bianca = Brenton = Saturday =

+

ny

+

Bluebottle = + excited =

+ +

+

Pennypincher = R.I.C. Publications

+ 13

+

+

saving =

+

+

+

mother =

+

+

+

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The Robbery it was the weak before mums birthday stephen and christine decided to go shopping for a present they walked past mr hugos jewellery shop all of a sudden they herd a dreadful noise to men were running quickly from the shop they had broke the window with a brick and had took pocketfuls of jewellery a way they run to a blew car christine and stephen ran to a near by telephone booth she rung the police emergency number theres been a robbery she panted the cars number is XYZ-123 shouted stephen

Punctuation The passage needs 26 capital letters, 17 full stops, 4 sets of speech marks, 2 commas and 5 apostrophes (3␣ showing ownership and 2 used in contractions). Two of the speech sentences need exclamation marks.

Note that exclamation marks are used according to the choice of the writer.

If the writer wants to say something forcefully this is shown by the use of an exclamation mark. Put all these punctuation marks in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Usage There are 12 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons thank • youf very much said o r r e v i ew pur posesonl y• the policeman cheerfully with in minutes the police were there the criminals was caught and taken away

id like to reward these children said mr hugo gratefully the children skipped home happily what a surprise they had for mum

1.

week

Usage 2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Adverbs are words that describe verbs. They tell ‘how’ something is done.

Find the adverb in the passage that tells: 1.

how the two men were running?

2. how the policeman spoke when he thanked them?

3. how Mr Hugo spoke?

4. how the children skipped home?

Notice!

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Adverbs often end with the letters -ly. However, there are also some adjectives that end in ‘ly’. For example, ‘I catch the early train’.

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Bluerinsebeard the Fierce Punctuation This passage below needs 20␣ capital letters, 11 full stops, 4␣ sets of speech marks, 4␣ exclamation marks, 1␣ apostrophe, 1 comma used when addressing someone and 4␣ commas used with nouns in apposition. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

all hands on deck shouted captain bluerinsebeard fiercely all members of his crew knelt and put their hands on the deck bluerinsebeard was a ferocious pirate he had spent many years busily sailing the seas in search of ships to rob fingernail inspection he roared loudly the men remained kneeling nervously mad dog his second in command twitched excitedly youve dirty nails again mr mad dog bellowed bluerinsebeard ferociously

© R. I .

C .P ub l i c at i onsthere would be mad dog wept uncontrollably no for him that evening •f orr evi e wsweets pur po se so nl y•

When a writer wants to say something with feeling exclamation marks are used. Bluerinsebeard is shouting at his fearsome band to keep control over them. The writer should use exclamation marks at the end of each thing said by him.

gold doubloons squawked fifi the pet parakeet noisily

Adverbs Write the adverbs that describe these actions: 1.

how Bluerinsebeard shouted …

2. how he had sailed the seas …

3. how he had roared …

4. how the men remained kneeling …

5. how Mad Dog twitched …

6. how Bluerinsebeard bellowed …

7. how Mad Dog wept …

8. how Fifi, the pet parakeet, squawked …

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Table Talk

are we still going to do it

Punctuation The passage needs 24 capital letters, 11 full stops, 2 question marks, 9 commas, 4 apostrophes, 2␣ exclamation marks and 9 sets of speech marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

asked plate

Usage

There are 5 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and put the correct words as shown in the example.

Words

Highlight the 5 different proper nouns in the passage. When a word is used as a title it is being used as a proper noun and should begin with a capital letter.

wake up bread whispered plate ive been awake since too oclock the smorning replied bread

do what asked bread try to escape answered plate i cant stand it hear any more yesterday knife smeared some awful yellow oily stuff on my

Notice!

back said bread that was some of me your

Usage © R .

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C .

P u b l i c a t i o n s i think i here a human coming warned jam 1. two •f orr evi ew pur poseso nl y• lets make a run for it shouted bread 2. talking about interrupted margarine

they made a dash for the door as the man

3.

opened it to get the morning paper they were

4.

free

5.

Run for it!

List the 7 words used that mean ‘said’ in the passage.

Try to vary the words you use for ‘said’ in your writing.

2

1

5

4

Continue the story by writing about an adventure that Plate and Bread had.

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6 7

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The Life of a Dollar Coin Punctuation The passage needs 27 capital letters, 17 full stops, 4 commas and 6 apostrophes. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

my name is dollar bill its not a name im very fond of cause im really a coin at the moment im living in a dark soft place made of leather a kind lady putted me

Words Highlight 10 adjectives from the passage. Remember that adjectives describe nouns.

there ill tell you about my life

Usage There are 6 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

ground in western australia it werent a

for many years i lived in the dry dusty very pleasant home one day i heard a loud noise the ground shook i was been dug up i was taking away on the back of a big noisy machine some strange things

Usage

1.

because

2.

3.

4.

5.

happened to me i was washed for the first time in my long life the next day i was melted and put into a thing called a

i was part ofi a n bigs flat sheet a © R. I .

Cmould .Pu bl i cat o machine cut me out of the sheet and •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• a␣ ␣ nother machine punched a strange

6.

pattern on me it was now that my adventures really started

Can you add an adventure to this story? Write an outline of one of dollar coin’s adventures. When you have finished your outline, write the adventure in full on a new sheet of paper.

What

When

Where

How

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Thin Ice Paragraphs A paragraph is a number of sentences about one event or idea in a story.

Look at the picture story.

There are four main events that occur in the story.

Each is represented by a paragraph below. You must take a new line to begin a new paragraph.

1

Brrr!

It's cold!

Let's go skating.

2

Look at the sign!

Who cares?

3

Grab this rope!

Eeeee!

4

Sniffle I'm skating with Katie!

it was saturday 8 august 1988 that winters morning was the coldest of the year isnt it cold said jonathon anastasia his sister suggested lets go skating on the pond the children arrived at the pond a large sign said the ice was too thin for skating jonathon read the sign but he took no notice of it youll fall in warned anastasia dont be a scaredy cat said jonathon stepping onto the ice

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

anastasia looked in horror as her brother disappeared under the water he resurfaced screaming for help luckily anastasias skipping rope was still in her backpack she threw it to jonathon when he grabbed hold of it she pulled him out the next morning jonathon sat grumpily with his feet in a tub of hot water im going skating said anastasia sniffle said jonathon it was all that he could say Punctuation The paragraphs need the following punctuation marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Paragraph 1 – 8 capital letters, 4 full stops, 5 commas, 1 question mark, 2 sets of speech marks, 3␣ apostrophes; Paragraph 2 – 7 capital letters, 5 full stops, 2 commas, 2 sets of speech marks, 2␣ apostrophes; Paragraph 3 – 7 capital letters, 5 full stops, 1 apostrophe; Paragraph 4 – 7 capital letters, 4 full stops, 2 commas, 2 sets of speech marks, 1 apostrophe.

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Sunken Treasure Paragraphs

1

Look at the picture story, Sunken Treasure. It shows four main events. Each event can be represented by a paragraph.

Each paragraph should contain a main sentence telling what the paragraph is about. It is usually located at the beginning of the paragraph. This sentence is called the topic sentence.

Some topic sentences in this story could be: Paragraph One

Bruce and Alison jumped into the boat with eager looks.

Paragraph Two Bruce plunged into the warm water and discovered the treasure.

Paragraph Three With the treasure loaded they started the motor.

Paragraph Four They decided to take the treasure to the bank and have it valued.

Transition sentences link one paragraph to the next. They give some idea of what the next paragraph will be about without developing the idea fully. Some transition sentences in this story could be: He decided to swim right down to the bottom.

Paragraph Two Alison gave a terrific heave and the chest was loaded onto the boat.

Paragraph Three Bruce tied up the boat and Alison struggled ashore with the heavy treasure chest.

2

3

Paragraph One

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• 4

Your Turn Keeping the above information in mind, write the first paragraph of the story.

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Hunger is the Best Sauce

The picture story below illustrates the proverb, ‘Hunger is the Best Sauce’. The proverb means that people who are fussy or hard to please with food soon change when they are really hungry. Write a topic sentence for each paragraph.

1

2

Eat your lunch!

Next day – lost on a bushwalk.

That’s the sixth plate.

Boy, I’m hungry. Lucky I found these yams and spuds.

Yuk, I hate vegies!

Can I have some more, please.

3

The day after…

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons Retell the picture story below in four paragraphs. Use the space provided to plan your story. Try to make your • story interesting.

Don’t limit yourself to r just writing the words spoken in the f o rr e vi e w pu p os es o nl y •pictures with a few added details. Try to make your people like real people.

1

He eats too much. He’s got to go.

2

That night…

3

He can stay.

I’m giving up smoking too!

Snore… what?

R BA

Bark!

Wheeze!

Burp!

Woof!

Buuurrp!

K!

Notes

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Notes

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Notes

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The Athletics Carnival

The passage is an example of the genre (writing category) known as recount. A recount is a piece of writing which tells of a series of events in the order in which they occurred. Recounts are commonly used in news reports on radio, television or in newspapers.

Orientation

Notice!

The text in a recount is structured in a special way. The orientation sets the scene by telling who (the people written about), when (when the events took place), where (the setting) and what (some information on the subject that is to be written about).

The events section is the main part of a recount. It is in this part that the writer tells what happened and the order in which it happened. Keep these things in mind when you write a recount. A recount ends with a concluding statement containing an evaluative comment or summary.

Punctuation yesterday we had our athletics carnival This recount needs 18 capital letters, 14 full stops, it was held at the sports ground near 2␣ apostrophes of possession our school children had been training for and 2 apostrophes in contractions. Put them in using weeks for the carnival a different colour for each type we arrived at the sports ground at nine of punctuation mark.

oclock in the morning the age races were run first off all i ran second in my race

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons matthew carter was the runner up he •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• may have one if he didnt tripped over jenna hall was the girls champion

Events

bruce bailey was the champion boy

Usage

his own feat in the 800 metres keating was announced as the whining house

1.

of

2.

when we got back to school the scores

Evaluation

Usage There are 8 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words on the lines provided.

3.

was checked some how the numbers

4.

were mixed up and menzies house were

5.

declared the winner

6.

even though it was a confusing day we

7.

are all looking forward to next years

8.

carnival Compound Verbs Some verbs are made up of more than one word. They are called compound verbs.

Highlight these compound verbs from the passage.

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Our Excursion Punctuation The passage to the right needs 26 capital letters, 13␣ full stops, 5 commas, 2␣ exclamation marks, 2␣ apostrophes and 3 sets of speech marks. Put them in using a different colour for each type of punctuation mark.

Usage There are 16 words that have been used incorrectly. Circle them and write the correct words as shown in the example.

last weak year 4 went on a excursion to the newcastle museum our teacher mr quackmaster has bean learning us a lot a␣ ␣ bout science the bell rung and we lined up to caught the bus mr quackmaster called our names out allowed before we boarded the bus to children was not aloud to go when we reached the museum we had to choose a partner after we had chose our partner we got ready to go in side line up ordered mr quackmaster

Usage

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

week

ive forgot my lunch said matthew edwards dont interrupt shouted mr quackmaster turning red then bright purple

© R. I .

C. Pub i cinat i o nstripped and fell larry power a l boy my class we found later hee had broke his • nose we •f orr evi ew pout ur p os so nl y all had an enjoying day

7.

This story is an example of the recount genre.

Rule a line under the sentences that make up the orientation.

8.

9.

No Lunch!

10.

11.

12.

Complete the grid by writing a noun and verb beginning with each letter of the word museum.

13.

14.

Verb

Noun

15.

16.

M

17.

U S E U M

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Three Bears and a Little Lady

The passage is an example of the genre (writing category) known as narrative. A narrative tells a story. Many of the stories you read for enjoyment are narratives.

A narrative should contain the following: 1. An orientation that sets the scene and introduces some of the main characters.

It tells us who, where and when.

2. A sequence of events and then a complication. The complication, an unforseeable problem that needs solving, is what makes a narrative interesting to readers.

3. A resolution where the problem is overcome.

Put different coloured boxes around the orientation, events, complication and resolution of the story and then punctuate the passage.

three bears lived in a cottage their names were mother bear father bear and baby bear the bears loved eating for many years someone had been stealing porridge from their house whenever they went for walks and left it to cool for months they had only been able to eat salads their supply of porridge had run out

one morning they decided to go walking in the forest they spoke of the good times when they could afford

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons f or r ebeen vi e w pur posesonl y• laundry• window had opened porridge they came home at about eleven oclock as

they approached the front door baby bear noticed the

they went inside the house was disorderly a chair was broken the pantry had been opened baby bear went upstairs he gave a shout a little girl with rosy cheeks dashed downstairs and outside baby bear ran after her he had lost a lot of weight because of his strict diet of salads salads and more salads he caught the little girl easily the bears spoke to her very sternly they sent her home with a note for her mother the little girls mother was most upset she wrote the bears a long letter of apology and included a scratch lottery ticket Punctuation Orientation – 6 sentences, 12 capital letters.

Events – 4 sentences, 6 capital letters, 1 apostrophe.

Complication – 7 sentences, 8 capital letters.

Resolution – 7 sentences, 8 capital letters, 1 comma, 1 apostrophe.

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The Great Escape

When writing a playscript the format shown below is often used. Study the format used in the dialogue below and complete the punctuation.

CHARACTERS:

Ern Eraser, Sid Sharpener, Clarrie Compass, Rosina Ruler, Zachary Zipup (the zipper), Yvonne Yellow, Gertie Green, Brian Brown and Percival Purple (the four pencils), Narrator.

NARRATOR:

The scene is inside Bruce’s pencil case. It is early morning.

The children are not at school yet.

BRIAN BROWN:

I’m squashed. It’s very crowded in here.

SID SHARPENER:

Would you like me to sharpen a bit of you? That would make more room.

PERCIVAL PURPLE:

i wouldnt let him do that

BRIAN BROWN:

why not

PERCIVAL PURPLE:

remember biddy blue

BRIAN BROWN:

i havent seen her for a few days

GERTIE GREEN:

sid sharpener sharpened her until she was so little she fell through a hole in this pencil case

© R .

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P u b l i c a t i o n s ERN ERASER: is zachary zipup awake yet •f orr e i ew pur po se so nl y ZACHARY ZIPUP: ofv course im awake how could anyone sleep with• all that racket CLARRIE COMPASS: we were just wondering something ZACHARY ZIPUP:

whats that

ROSINA RULER:

could you open up and let us see what sort of a day it is

ZACHARY ZIPUP:

what for youll just be in the classroom all day

YVONNE YELLOW:

we just had a bet on what sort of day it was

ZACHARY ZIPUP:

open sesame

NARRATOR:

when zachary zipup opened up all of the things in the pencil case jumped out and ran to the door they heard the cleaners footsteps both the cleaners were coming to the classroom when they opened the door they were very surprised to see four pencils a sharpener a small ruler an eraser and a compass scamper outside and disappear around the corner

Notice!

R.I.C. Publications

It is not necessary to use the usual speech form of: ‘Is Zachary Zipup awake yet?’ said Ern Eraser; when using this writing form.

Draw a character gallery for this playscript.

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Writing Terms Words related to terms used in writing can be found in blocks in the puzzle. The words read letter to letter in any direction except diagonally. Every letter has been used. No letter is shared by words. One example has been done. Colour the blocks that make up each word in a different colour.

D I A L O G U E R E C O

nouns proper nouns verbs adjectives adverbs paragraphs dialogue narrative recount pronoun question commas exclamation quotation marks direct speech indirect speech Use words from the list to fill the boxes below.

1

2 3

H C E N O I T S E U Q U

R E C N A O A I V E E C

I D X O T I D T A R E P

I N E U N S J N A R T S

P O U N S D A C O M I R

R N S G A V E R B S D S

arer doing words.

• f o r e v i ew pur posesonl y• To show feeling in something you write use an

O R H R R Q U A T N M K

P E P A A P O T I O A R

are used to separate

5

describe verbs.

They often end in ‘-ly.’

The spoken words in a playscript are called

.

10

A is a retelling of a series of events in the order in which they happened.

11

tells a story.

A Its main parts are the orientation, events, complication and resolution.

12

A that asks something.

things in a list.

is a sentence

13

A is a word used in place of a noun. He, she and it are examples of this type of word.

14 Longer stories should be written in

When we report what someone says without using their exact words we are using .

8

S E V I T C E S A M C E

9

4

7

T C L A M N V E R B S H

Special names of particular people, N O U N S© are naming words. places ort things R. I .

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mark.

6

S P E N U O N O R P T N

When we use the actual words someone says we are using the form known as

. are words

15

that describe nouns.

.

The words spoken should be enclosed in .

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Answers Page 1: At the Supermarket Robert and Jodie live in Newcastle. One Saturday morning they went shopping with their parents. They went to a big supermarket. Robert pushed the shopping trolley. They bought bread, milk, tea, jam, fruit and vegetables. Suddenly Mother looked up. Where was Jodie? She had become separated from the family. Mother went to the desk. The lady there made an announcement over the loudspeaker. Soon Jodie came to the desk. Where had she been? She had been reading books in the book department. Mother was pleased to see her daughter at last. Now it was time to go home. Dad started the car and off they went. It had been a busy day.

Common Nouns: morning, parents, supermarket, shopping trolley, bread, milk, tea, jam, fruit, vegetables, family, desk, lady, announcement, loudspeaker, books, book department, daughter, time, home, car, day

Part 3

Nouns: school, ruler, chair, glue, pencil, wool Verbs: crept, told, tangled, knocked, asked, opened Note: ‘Brought’ is the past tense of ‘bring’.

‘Bought’ is the past tense of ‘buy’.

Remember the ‘br’ for ‘brought’ and ‘bring’.

Page 4: Direct Speech ‘This meat loaf looks so chumpy you could carve it,’ said Brian.

‘It’s the finest we have ever eaten,’ said Gregory.

‘I have had six chunks already,’ drooled Matthew.

‘I would like another chunk,’ said Terry.

‘Hurry up,’ said Kate, ‘because the film “Gone With The Mind” starts on television in one minute.’

‘Grrrrr!’ growled Rover with foam appearing in the corners of his mouth.

The teacher asked the children, ‘What would you like to be when you grow up?’

Sarah answered, ‘I would like to be a nurse.’

Jonathon said, ‘I think I’m best suited to being a politician or used car salesman.’

John-Ross joined in, ‘I’d like to be a garden gnome.’

‘I think,’ said Lara, ‘that I’d like to be a dancer.’

Proper Nouns: Robert, Jodie, Newcastle, Mother, Dad, Saturday Note: If a word is used as a title it is a proper noun. ‘Mother’ and ‘Dad’ in this passage are titles used by the children when addressing their parents and therefore require capitals.

Examples: Title: Robert and Mother went shopping.

“I am helping Dad,” said Jodie.

Not a Title: Robert went shopping with his mother.

‘I am helping my dad,” said Jodie.

Note: Exclamation marks are used to show strong feelings or emphasis. Their use depends on how a writer wants a text to be read. Their overuse, however, can lead to them losing their emphasis.

Page 2: After School Rachel and Amanda are cousins. They both go to the same school.

Mrs Snapdragon is the name of there teacher. She teaches Year Too. Both girls are good students. Rachel likes mathematics the best. Amanda is very good at writing stories. One Monday morning a strange thing happened. It was after school. Both the girls had forgotten they’re homework books. They came back to school two get them. Nobody were at school. They opened the door quietly. Do you know what they saw? The chalk, desk, rubber and ruler were doing a dictation. The chalk was writing the words on the blackboard. Were where the sticky tape and duster? The girls asked the glue and scissors but they didn’t no. Nobody new where they where. They were outside playing sport and doing exercises.

Page 5: The Fox and the Crow A crow found a peace of cheese. It looked good and fresh to.

She flew up on to a tree branch. She wanted to eat the cheese their in piece. A fox was walking near by. He looked up and seen the crow. He were a very hungry fox. He hadn’t eaten anything for to days. He decided he wood try to trick the crow and steal the cheese off her. He spoke to her about her beauty. The crow didn’t say nothing. She new that if she replied she would drop the cheese. The fox said that he thought that crows where the most intelligent of all the birds.

The crow still said nothing.

‘Sing to me in your beautiful voice,’ said the fox.

The crow was so flattered that she sung to him. The moment that she done this the cheese fell from her beak. The fox gobbled it up and run off.

© R. I .

C.Publ i cat i ons •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y•

Nouns: Rachel, Amanda, cousins, school, Mrs Snapdragon, name, teacher, Year Two, girls, students, mathematics, stories, Monday morning, thing, homework books, chalk, door, desk, rubber, ruler, dictation, blackboard, sticky, tape, duster, glue, scissors, sport, exercises Usage: 1. their 2. Two 3. their 4. to 5. was 6. Where 7. were 8. know 9. knew 10. were Page 3: Late!

Jessica crept too the classroom door. She had come two school late the last to days. Today was Wednesday and she was late again. What would Mr Nutter do? Would she be kept in buy him? She knocked every gently on the door. Mr Nutter sprang from his chair. He opened the door. He asked her why she were late. Jessica explained that she had too by her mother some slippers at the shop. She had become tangled up in a ball off wool. It had took the ladies at the shop half an our to free her. She brought the slippers at the shop and bought them too school. Mr Nutter told her two sit. She got out her rubber, ruler, pencil, glue, sharpener and scissors and began the lesson.

Proper Nouns: Jessica, Wednesday, Mr Nutter Common Nouns: classroom door, school, days, today, door, chair, mother, slippers, shop, ball, wool, ladies, hour, rubber, ruler, pencil, glue, sharpener, scissors, lesson R.I.C. Publications

Verbs: found, looked, flew, wanted, eat, was walking, saw, was, hadn’t eaten, decided, would try, trick, steal, spoke, didn’t say, replied, would drop, said, thought, sing, was␣ flattered, sang, did, fell, gobbled, ran Note:

1.

To help with identification of verbs in sentences tell children to ask themselves, ‘What did somebody (or something) ‘do’ in that sentence.’

2. The verb ‘to be’ is not easily recognised by children as a verb. Simply by ‘being’ (existing) you are doing something. Members of the verb ‘to be’ family are: am, is, are, was, were.

Usage: 1. piece 2. too 3. onto 4. there 5. peace 6.␣ nearby 7. saw 8. was 9. two 10. would 11. from 12.␣ anything 13. knew 14. were 15. sang 16. did 17. ran Birds: vulture, albatross, galah, cormorant, raven; Trees: eucalyptus, banyan, cedar, oak, beech; Cheeses: cheddar, parmesan, camembert, cottage, mozarella.

Page 6: The Little Red Hen A little red hen found a wheat seed. She decided to plant it.

She asked a cat, a fox and a pig to help her.

‘I can’t help,’ said the cat.

‘I’m to busy,’ answered the fox.

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Answers ‘I’ve got two much to do,’ replied the pig.

The little red hen dug a hole. She dropped the seed in to it.

She cover it. The seed grow into a fine stalk of wheat. The little red hen reaped the wheat. She grinded it into flower. She mixed this with water in a bowl and made dough. She put this into a baking dish. She put the dish into the oven. When the loaf was baked she didn’t share the bread with the cat, fox and pig. She and her chick eat it. They asked her how it tasted. She told them that it was delicious.

Fish Words: shark, tuna, mullet, eel, bream, marlin, goldfish, swordfish, cod, flathead, whiting Page 9: On Holidays Phillip and Alison was on holidays. They went to Victoria with Mum and Dad. They seen many things. Mum and Dad shared the driving. At Echuca on the Murray River they had a ride on a paddle steamer. They visited the fruit cannery at Shepparton. The next day the family went to Ballarat. Gold was discovered there in 1851. The trip along the Great Ocean Road was very interesting. Alison loved the beautiful scenery.

When he come back too school Phillip’s teacher asked, ‘How did you enjoy you’re holiday?’

He answered, ‘I loved every minute.’

Mrs Peppercorn asked, ‘What did you like the best?’

Phillip replied, ‘I liked eaten the biscuits whenever we stopped at a motel.’

Verbs: found, decided, plant, asked, help, can’t, said, am (in I’m), answered, have (in I’ve), got, replied, dug, dropped, covered, grew, reaped, ground, mixed, made, put, was baked, didn’t share, ate, tasted, told, was Usage: 1. too 2. too 3 . into 4. covered 5. grew 6.␣ ground 7. flour 8. ate Page 7: The Pet Show Our class had a pet show yesterday. All the children bought in there pets. Mr Snapper told the class to form a circle. We paraded around the playground. Mary’s duck quacked loudly all through the day. Craig’s dog showed the class some tricks. He walked on to legs and chased his tail. Jonathon’s pet goldfish swum in a tank. Everybody had to talk about the pet they showed.

‘My toad’s name is Laurie,’ said Helga.

‘My turtle has swam in our bathtub,’ said Dean.

‘Our poodle is a good watchdog,’ said Noel.

We enjoy the day. Everybody receive a prize. We learnt a lot about pets to.

Usage: 1. were 2. saw 3. came 4. to 5. your 6. eating Proper Nouns: Phillip, Alison, Victoria, Mum, Dad, Echuca, Murray River, Shepparton, Ballarat, Great Ocean Road, Mrs Peppercorn Towns: Bendigo, Wangaratta, Stawell, Hamilton, Warrnambool, Warragul, Mornington, Mildura Page 10: Shipwrecked Today is Friday, 13 July, 1615. I’m writing a account of my stay on this island. I’ve now been shipwrecked hear for exactly about one year. My name is Robert Pennyfarthingalopoulis. I were a seaman on the good ship Anemone. Our ship was caught in a wild storm of the coast of Africa. She went down on Thursday, 13 July, 1614. I seen what looked like land and swum towards it. I had swam for several ours before I passed out. When I awoke I found myself on a beach. I sung for joy. This island is beautifuller than any place I have ever saw. It has a good supply of water. The thing that bothers me the most are the large number of tropical insects. Thay’re everywhere. This morning I found some inside my bedsocks, on my pillow, in my nightshirt and in the tea. Today I found the impression of a human foot in a peace of granite. Could it be that I’m not alone on this island?

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Verbs: had, brought, told, form, paraded, quacked, showed, walked, chased, swam, had to talk, is, said, has swum, enjoyed, received, learnt Usage: 1. brought 2. their 3. two 4. swam 5. swum 6.␣ enjoyed 7. received 8. too

Joining Word: ‘and’ in the sentence ‘He walked on two legs and chased his tail.’

Note: An easy set of rules to help children identify where the apostrophe of ownership should go: A a boat owned by some boys = the boys’ boat B a boat owned by a boy = the boy’s boat 1. Write the owner. A = boys, B = boy 2. Write the apostrophe after the owner.

A = boys’, B = boy’ 3. If ‘s’ is said in normal usage then add it.

A = the boys’ boat (not boys’s), B = the boy’s boat

Usage: 1. an 2. were 3. was 4. off 5. saw 6. swam 7.␣ swum 8. hours 9. sang 10. more beautiful 11. seen 12.␣ is 13. They’re 14. piece Proper Nouns: Friday, July, Robert Pennyfarthingalopoulis, Anenome, Africa, Thursday Leave out ‘about’ on line 3. Note the correct form of writing the long date.

Page 8: Gone Fishing Luke’s dad was going fishing. Luke loved fishing. He saw his dad getting ready. Mr Crabgrass went and put his hook, line, sinker and bait into his fishing basket.

‘May I go with you Dad?’ asked Luke.

‘You’re to little,’ answered Mr Crabgrass.

Luke went in side.

‘Have you did youre home work?’ asked Mrs Crabgrass.

‘I done it last night,’ answered Luke.

He decided to follow his dad. Mr Crabgrass went and through in his line. A big fish went and took the bait. Luke’s father was pulled in to the water.

Luckily Luke were watching. He went and found a branch and rescued hes dad. Mr Crabgrass all ways takes Luke fishing with him now.

Page 11: Dream Valley Last knight I had an unusual dream. I was walking a long a dusty road. A clear brook bubbled nearby. I looked into its water and saw the silver reflections of large fishes gleaming brightly. An old hoarse was eating the rich green grass bye the roadside. It lifted its head and looked at me threw wise eyes.

‘What are you doing here?’ it says to me.

‘I don’t know,’ I answered in a shaky voice.

I followed it until we came to a colourful rainbow.

We walked under it and found ourselfs in a wonderful place.

Usage: 1. night 2. along 3. fish 4. horse 5. by 6.␣ through 7. said 8. ourselves

Usage: 1. too 2. inside 3, done 4. your 5. homework 6.␣ did 7. threw 8. into 9. was 10. his 11. always

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Adjectives: last, unusual, dusty, clear, silver, large, old, rich, green, wise, shaky, colourful, wonderful

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Answers Page 12: Home Is The Sailor From The Sea Captain Bluerinsebeard, the ferocious pirate, was the terror of the seven seas. He had came from a poor family. He had ran away to sea at the age of three. Fifty years later he was the captain of his own ship. Piracy is hard work. He set about looking for ships to rob. He did not find any. His ship, the Flounder, had for masts. It was difficult work catching huge, modern ships in a sailing ship.

‘If I had my time again I’d get a faster ship,’ said Bluerinsebeard.

‘Gold doubloons!’ squawked Fifi, his fierce parakeet, as it cracked a grain of corn.

‘If I had my time again I’d have brought some sails for old Flounder,’ he continued.

He has wrote a interesting book about his exciting adventures.

Adjectives: ferocious, seven, poor, three, fifty, later, own, hard, any, four, huge, modern, faster, fierce, old, interesting, exciting Note: ‘He did not find any.’

‘Any’ here describes the noun, ‘ships’, which although not used in the sentence, is understood from the previous sentence.

Usage: 1. come 2. run 3. four 4. bought 5. written 6.␣ an Money: Spain – peseta, Russia – rouble, Italy – lire, Germany – mark, India – rupee, UK – pound, USA – dollar Page 13: The New Pet It was a sunny Saturday morning. Bianca and Brenton were excited. Mum had just gave them there pocket money four the week. They had been saving for a pet mouse.

‘Can we go to the pet shop?’ Bianca asked her mother.

‘Yes children,’ said Mrs Bluebottle.

Brenton drunk his milk. Before anyone could blink two times the children had went in to the pet shop. Mr Pennypincher, the pet shop owner, was pleased to see them. They done what they had came to do. The mouse, Squeaker, likes his knew home very much.

Page 15: Bluerinsebeard the Fierce ‘All hands on deck!’ shouted Captain Bluerinsebeard fiercely.

All members of his crew knelt and put their hands on the deck.

Bluerinsebeard was a ferocious pirate. He had spent many years busily sailing the seas in search of ships to rob.

‘Fingernail inspection!’ he roared loudly.

The men remained kneeling nervously. Mad Dog, his second in command, twitched excitedly.

‘You’ve dirty nails again, Mr Mad Dog!’ bellowed Bluerinsebeard ferociously.

Mad Dog wept uncontrollably. There would be no sweets for him that evening.

‘Gold doubloons!’ squawked Fifi, the pet parakeet, noisily.

Adverbs: 1. fiercely 2. busily 3. loudly 4. nervously 5.␣ excitedly 6. ferociously 7. uncontrollably 8. noisily Note: When someone is directly addressed, commas are used to separate them from the rest of the sentence. This is done no matter where the name appears in the sentence.

Examples: You’ve dirty fingernails again, Mr. Mad Dog. Mr Mad Dog, you’ve dirty fingernails again.

Page 16: Table Talk ‘Wake up, Bread,’ whispered Plate.

‘I’ve been awake since too o’clock the smorning,’ replied Bread.

‘Are we still going to do it?’ asked Plate.

‘Do what?’ asked Bread.

‘Try to escape,’ answered Plate.

‘I can’t stand it hear any more. Yesterday Knife smeared some awful, yellow, oily stuff on my back,’ said Bread.

‘That was some of me your talking about,’ interrupted Margarine.

‘I think I here a human coming,’ warned Jam. ‘Let’s make a run for it!’ shouted Bread.

They made a dash for the door as the man opened it to get the morning paper. They were free!

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Usage: 1. given 2. their 3. for 4. drank 5. gone 6. into 7. did 8. come 9. new ‘Twice’ is a better form of expression than ‘two times’.

Syllables: sun-ny, Bi-an-ca, Bren-ton, Sat-ur-day, Blue-bot-tle, sav-ing, ex-cit-ed, mo-ther, Pen-ny-pin-cher Page 14: The Robbery It was the weak before Mum’s birthday. Stephen and Christine decided to go shopping for a present. They walked past Mr Hugo’s jewellery shop. All of a sudden they herd a dreadful noise. To men were running quickly from the shop. They had broke the window with a brick and had took pocketfuls of jewellery. A way they run to a blew car. Christine and Stephen ran to a near by telephone booth. She rung the police emergency number.

‘There’s been a robbery!’ she panted.

‘The car’s number is XYZ-123!’ shouted Stephen.

With in minutes the police were there. The criminals was caught and taken away.

‘Thank you very much,’ said the policeman cheerfully.

‘I’d like to reward these children,’ said Mr Hugo gratefully.

The children skipped home happily. What a surprise they had for Mum. Usage: 1. week 2. heard 3. two 4. broken 5. taken 6.␣ away 7. ran 8. blue 9. nearby 10. rang 11. within 12.␣ were Adverbs: 1. quickly 2. cheerfully 3. gratefully 4. happily

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Usage: 1. two 2. this morning 3. here 4. you’re 5. here Proper Nouns: Bread, Plate, Knife, Margarine, Jam. Note that these words are used as titles in this passage.

Words that mean ‘said’: 1. whispered 2. replied 3. asked 4. answered 5. interrupted 6. warned 7. shouted Page 17: The Life of a Dollar Coin My name is Dollar Bill. It’s not a name I’m very fond of cause I’m really a coin. At the moment I’m living in a dark, soft place made of leather. A kind lady putted me there. I’ll tell you about my life.

For many years I lived in the dry, dusty ground in Western Australia. It werent a very pleasant home. One day I heard a loud noise. The ground shook. I was been dug up. I was taking away on the back of a big, noisy machine. Some strange things happened to me. I was washed for the first time in my long life.

The next day I was melted and put into a thing called a mould. I was part of a big, flat sheet. A machine cut me out of the sheet and a nother machine punched a strange pattern on me.

It was now that my adventures really started.

Usage: 1. because 2. put 3. wasn’t 4. being 5. taken 6. another Adjectives: dark, soft, kind, many, dry, dusty, very pleasant, loud, big, noisy, first, long, next, big, flat, strange Page 18: Thin Ice It was Saturday, 8 August, 1988. That winter’s morning was the coldest of the year.

‘Isn’t it cold?’ said Jonathon.

‘Anastasia, his sister, suggested, ‘Let’s go skating on the 28

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came home at about eleven o’clock. As they approached the front door Baby Bear noticed that the laundry window had been opened.

They went inside. The house was disorderly. A chair was broken. The pantry had been opened. Baby Bear went upstairs. He gave a shout. A little girl with rosy cheeks dashed downstairs and outside.

Baby Bear ran after her. He had lost a lot of weight because of his strict diet of salads, salads and more salads. He caught the little girl easily. The bears spoke to her very sternly. They sent her home with a note for her mother. The little girl’s mother was most upset. She wrote the bears a long letter of apology and included a scratch lottery ticket.

pond.’

The children arrived at the pond. A large sign said that the ice was too thin for skating. Jonathon read the sign but he took no notice of it.

‘You’ll fall in,’ warned Anastasia.

‘Don’t be a scaredy cat,’ said Jonathon, stepping onto the ice.

Anastasia looked in horror as her brother disappeared under the water. He resurfaced screaming for help. Luckily Anastasia’s skipping rope was still in her backpack. She threw it to Jonathon. When he grabbed hold of it she pulled him out.

The next morning Jonathon sat grumpily with his feet in a tub of hot water.

‘I’m going skating,’ said Anastasia.

‘Sniffle,’ said Jonathon.

It was all that he could say.

Page 19: Sunken Treasure Teacher Check.

Page 20: Hunger is the Best Sauce Teacher Check.

Page 21: The Athletics Carnival Yesterday we had our athletics carnival. It was held at the sports ground near our school. Children had been training for weeks for the carnival.

We arrived at the sports ground at nine o’clock in the morning.

The age races were run first off all. I ran second in my race.

Jenna Hall was the girls’ champion. Bruce Bailey was the champion boy. Matthew Carter was the runner up. He may have one if he didnt tripped over his own feat in the 800 metres. Keating was announced as the whining house. When we got back to school the scores was checked. Some how the numbers were mixed up and Menzies house were declared the winner.

Even though it was a confusing day we are all looking forward to next year’s carnival.

Page 24: The Great Escape CHARACTERS: Ern Eraser, Sid Sharpener, Clarrie Compass, Rosina Ruler, Zachary Zipup (the zipper), Yvonne Yellow, Gertie Green, Brian Brown and Percival Purple (the four pencils), Narrator.

NARRATOR: The scene is inside Bruce’s pencil case. It is early morning. The children are not at school yet.

BRIAN BROWN: I’m squashed. It’s very crowded in here.

SID SHARPENER: Would you like me to sharpen a bit of you? That would make more room.

PERCIVAL PURPLE: I wouldn’t let him do that.

BRIAN BROWN: Why not?

PERCIVAL PURPLE: Remember Biddy Blue?

BRIAN BROWN: I haven’t seen her for a few days.

GERTIE GREEN: Sid Sharpener sharpened her until she was so little she fell through a hole in this pencil case.

ERN ERASER: Is Zachary Zipup awake yet?

ZACHARY ZIPUP: Of course I’m awake. How could anyone sleep with all that racket?

CLARRIE COMPASS: We were just wondering something.

ZACHARY ZIPUP: What’s that?

ROSINA RULER: Could you open up and let us see what sort of a day it is?

ZACHARY ZIPUP: What for? You’ll just be in the classroom all day.

YVONNE YELLOW: We just had a bet on what sort of day it was.

ZACHARY ZIPUP: Open sesame!

NARRATOR: When Zachary Zipup opened up all of the things in the pencil case jumped out and ran to the door.

They heard the cleaners’ footsteps. Both the cleaners were coming to the classroom. When they opened the door they were very surprised to see four pencils, a sharpener, a small ruler, an eraser and a compass scamper outside and disappear around the corner.

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Usage: 1. of 2. won 3. hadn’t 4. feet 5. winning 6. were 7. somehow 8. was Page 22: Our Excursion Last weak Year 4 went on a excursion to the Newcastle Museum. Our teacher, Mr Quackmaster, has bean learning us a lot a bout science. The bell rung and we lined up to caught the bus. Mr Quackmaster called our names out allowed before we boarded the bus. To children was not aloud to go. When we reached the museum we had to choose a partner. After we had chose our partner we got ready to go in side.

‘Line up!’ ordered Mr Quackmaster.

‘I’ve forgot my lunch,’ said Matthew Edwards.

‘Don’t interrupt!’ shouted Mr Quackmaster turning red then bright purple.

Larry Power, a boy in my class, tripped and fell. We found out later that he had broke his nose. We all had an enjoying day.

Page 25: Writing Terms

Usage: 1. week 2. an 3. been 4. teaching 5. about 6. rang 7. catch 8. aloud 9. two 10. were 11. allowed 12. chosen 13. partners 14. inside 15. forgotten 16. broken 17. enjoyable Nouns and Verbs: Teacher check Page 23: Three Bears and a Little Lady Three bears lived in a cottage. Their names were Mother Bear, Father Bear and Baby Bear. The bears loved eating. For many years someone had been stealing porridge from their house whenever they went for walks and left it to cool. For months they had only been able to eat salads. Their supply of porridge had run out.

One morning they decided to go walking in the forest. They spoke of the good times when they could afford porridge. They R.I.C. Publications

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D I A L O G U E R E C O

H C E N O I T S E U Q U

S P E N U O N O R P T N

T C L A M N V E R B S H

R E C N A O A I V E E C

I D X O T I D T A R E P

I N E U N S J N A R T S

S E V I T C E S A M C E

P O U N S D A C O M I R

R N S G A V E R B S D S

O R H R R Q U A T N M K

P E P A A P O T I O A R

1. nouns 2. verbs 3. exclamation 4. commas 5. adverbs 6. dialogue 7. indirect speech 8. direct speech, quotation marks 9. proper nouns 10. recount 11. narrative 12. question 13. pronoun 14. paragraphs 15. adjectives

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