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Culture | Public Affairs Business | Philanthropy

BLACK JANUARY REMEMBERED 25 YEARS ON Also in this issue: New US Ambassador welcomed in Baku Diplomatic mission to open in Slovakia EU–Azerbaijani relations hailed in Berlin and Davos Faig Ahmed – deconstruction and respect for the carpet H.E. Arif Mammadov, OIC Ambassador to the EU, gives his perspective 02 / 2015

Please see inside for how to win £100 of Amazon vouchers

2 / 2015

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Welcome to the TEAS Magazine The European Azerbaijan Society (TEAS) is a UK-registered pan-European foundation dedicated to raising awareness of Azerbaijan and fostering closer economic, political and cultural links between that country and the nations of Europe.

As well as promoting the positive aspects of Azerbaijan, TEAS also highlights the plight of the 875,000 refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) within the country. These people are unable to return to their homes and lands because of the illegal occupation of Nagorno-Karabakh and seven surrounding districts by Armenia’s armed forces – in defiance of four UN Security Council resolutions.

TEAS has three main facets to its operations: • Culture – TEAS raises awareness of Azerbaijan’s rich and vibrant culture to a worldwide audience by organising cultural events and operating as a networking centre.

• Business – TEAS supports its membership of European and Azerbaijani businesses. It provides a platform for organisations to establish links and strengthen their existing business relationships via a programme of networking opportunities across the regions.

• Public Affairs – TEAS works to increase awareness about Azerbaijan amongst key opinionformers, key decision-makers and other political, academic and civil society stakeholders.

In pursuit of its objectives TEAS: • Organises meetings with interested parties, opinion-formers and decision-makers • Arranges roundtables, seminars, lectures and conferences • Publishes pamphlets, reports, bulletins, books and produces films • Facilitates fact-finding trips by politicians and business people.

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Membership and Sponsorship

TEAS offers a range of corporate and individual membership packages, providing such benefits as advertising, trade missions, networking, business sector advice and hotel discounts.

TEAS also offers numerous sponsorship opportunities throughout the year for its events and conferences. To find out more, e-mail: membership@teas.eu.

Win £100 of Amazon vouchers!

To stand a chance of winning £100 of Amazon vouchers, simply answer the following questions. Please send all entries to editor@ teas.eu by 17.00hrs (GMT) on 9 March.

1. Which British politician wrote Rising Tides – Facing the Challenges of a New Era, which was recently published in a Turkish edition?

2. Who is the new US Ambassador to Azerbaijan?

3. In which country will Azerbaijan soon open a diplomatic mission?

4. Which Russian film director presented his film at the Frontline Club to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Black January?

5. How many member states are in the OIC?

Upcoming Events For full details of all TEAS events, go to www.teas.eu/upcoming events 23 February – Justice for Khojaly Commemoration Concert (Paris) Théâtre Adyar, 4 square Rapp, 75007, Paris. 20.30hrs. Admission free. RSVP: paris@teas.eu Musicians will include Sabina Rakcheyeva (violin) and Nazrin Rashidova, who will lead her FeMusa Esemble.

24 February – Justice for Khojaly Commemoration Concert (London) St John’s, Smith Square, London, SW1P 3HA. 18.30hrs. Admission free. RSVP via EventBrite at http://bit.ly/khojalylondon2015 Musicians will include Sabina Rakcheyeva (violin) and Nazrin Rashidova, who will lead her FeMusa Esemble.

27 February – Azerbaijan – Sport in Focus (London) gallery@oxo, Oxo Tower Wharf, Bargehouse Street, London, SE1 9PH. 19.00hrs. Admission free: RSVP via EventBrite at http://bit.ly/asiflondon This opening will showcase 65 stunning images submitted by photographers from across the globe for the TEAS Azerbaijan – Sport in Focus competition, in recognition of Azerbaijan’s hosting of the forthcoming inaugural European Games.

17 March – Azerbaijan Investment Summit (Baku) Four Seasons Hotel, Neftchilar Avenue 77/79, Baku AZ–1095. 09.00–16.20hrs. Organised by The Economist Events, this event is subtitled Beyond Oil – Growing the Real Economy and will focus on opportunities in emerging non-oil sectors. TEAS is a supporting organisation, and friends can receive a 15 per cent reduction on the registration fee by quoting TEAS/DC when booking at http://bit.ly/azeconomist.

13 April – France–Azerbaijan Business Forum (Paris) L’Hôtel de l’Industrie, Société d’Encouragement pour l’Industrie Nationale, 4 Place Saint-Germain, 75006 Paris. 08.30–15.50hrs. Admission free: RSVP to paris@teas.eu. Subtitled Towards a Diversified, Decentralised Economy, this event will explore the realities of doing business in Azerbaijan, the diversification of the Azerbaijani economy, and energy co-operation, ranging from oil and gas to renewables.

23 April – Netherlands–Azerbaijan Business Forum (Maastricht) Maastricht School of Management (MSM), Endepolsdomein 150, 6201 BE Maastricht. 09.30–17.00hrs. Admission free. Register at http://bit.ly/netherlandsazbf. TEAS, in collaboration with the Dutch province of Limburg, Netherlands Council for Trade Promotion (NCH), the Maastricht School of Management (MSM) and Flanders Investment and Trade (FIT), is inviting Dutch and Azerbaijani companies to participate in this event. The forum will focus on the following sectors – agribusiness and logistics; chemicals and advanced materials; healthcare and life sciences; and water and waste management.

Includes the opening of the Dutch edition of the Azerbaijan – Sport in Focus photographic exhibition in recognition of the forthcoming hosting of the inaugural European Games in Baku.

02 / 2015

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Politics and News

Lionel Zetter, Director, TEAS

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President Aliyev speaks during the Regions in Transformation: Eurasia session in Davos

From the TEAS Director Azerbaijan strengthens its EU role in Berlin and Davos The gathering storm clouds over eastern Ukraine are a sombre reminder that full-scale wars rarely erupt spontaneously. Instead, they are a slow accumulation of failed attempts to resolve differences through diplomacy. The ongoing intensification of the exchanges of fire on the ‘contact line’ between Azerbaijan and the occupying Armenian forces in Nagorno-Karabakh have prompted the OSCE Minsk Group to action, but the conflict still simmers on the verge of boiling over.

Our cover picture shows the Black January ceremony held every year at Martyrs’ Avenue to commemorate over 130 civilians killed when Soviet troops arrived in tanks to try and reclaim the streets of Baku when the population demanded their independence after 70 years of oppression.

Ceremonies were organised by Azerbaijani Embassies throughout the world on the 25th anniversary of Black January, and TEAS staff attended in those in countries where it has representative offices.

In Paris, the Assemblée Nationale ratified an intergovernmental agreement to open reciprocal cultural centres. A separate event in the Assemblée Nationale, co-organised by TEAS, looked at the prospects for a peaceful resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict following the Paris Summit between the Presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia.

During the World Economic Forum in Davos, President Aliyev made a speech stressing the importance of Azerbaijan to the maintenance of European energy security. He also trumpeted the success of the economy, the cornerstones of which are high growth and low inflation.

I was also delighted to be able to attend the launch of Dr Liam Fox’s seminal work Rising Tides in Istanbul. This important book is the first publication of TEAS Press in the Turkish language.

Lionel Zetter, Director, TEAS

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Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev has enhanced the level of EU–Azerbaijani dialogue in Berlin and Davos. During his visit to Berlin, President Aliyev discussed Azerbaijan’s leading role in the South Caucasus with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and members of the Bundestag. Mrs Merkel acknowledged that Azerbaijan should be treated as an equal and strategic partner of the EU, probably in the format of a legally binding strategic agreement.

The German Chancellor went on to stress that she shared Azerbaijani concerns about regional security, reiterating her support for Azerbaijani territorial integrity, and commended the ability of the country to withstand geopolitical pressures, maintain its sovereignty, and forge closer ties with Europe.

Mrs Merkel hailed the current and future role of Azerbaijan in achieving European energy security and expressed support for the Southern Corridor, which will bring Azerbaijani gas to Western Europe from 2020. President Ilham Aliyev replied that the projects initiated by Azerbaijan were serving to transform the energy map of Europe. He explained that successful implementation of the Southern Corridor network of pipelines would necessitate closer co-operation between Azerbaijan and the EU. Mrs Merkel voiced the unequivocal support of Germany for the project and Azerbaijan’s instrumental position in facilitating the transit of gas supplies from Azerbaijan and potential role as a transit country for resources from Central Asia.

President Aliyev then continued on to Davos in Switzerland, alongside First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva, for the World Economic Forum, where he discussed the contribution of Azerbaijan to European energy security, the transformation of his country towards a market economy, and the ongoing attempts to create and maintain a modern secular society. President Aliyev initially outlined how the Azerbaijani economy had ranked

amongst the fastest-growing in the world for ten consecutive years, and that GDP had expanded by 3 per cent during 2014. This was boosted by a 7 per cent increase in the non-oil sector, low inflation of 1.4 per cent, a growth in disposable income of 4.8 per cent, and unemployment levels that are now below 5 per cent. He commented that Azerbaijan had recently been ranked 38th in the Global Competitiveness Report, published by the World Economic Forum, an improvement of one position on last year.

The President also spoke of the impact of low oil prices, explaining that this demonstrated the need for economic diversification.

President Aliyev stated that his country was already investing in information technology, agribusiness and tourism, amongst other sectors.

He also went on to outline how Azerbaijan had transformed from being a beneficiary of foreign assistance into an emerging donor country, undertaking philanthropic initiatives for under-developed countries in Africa and Asia. President Aliyev also commented that the Russo–Ukrainian conflict was having implications for Eurasia, especially for those countries that rely on remittances from citizens working in those countries. He said that the shrinking economies in both Russia and Ukraine would result in an economic slowdown for other Eurasian countries.

Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev also attended a presentation of the inaugural European Games, to be hosted in Baku in June 2015. Organised by the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, the event was attended by Swiss public and political figures, representatives of the international sports community, and foreign delegates attending the World Economic Forum. The guests viewed We Together, an exhibition of bronze statues by Azerbaijani sculptors. The Games will take place in 21 stadia located across Azerbaijan, and it is thought that more than 6000 athletes from 49 countries will participate.

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Politics and News

Landmark publication by leading British politician launched in Istanbul The insightful publication Rising Tides – Facing the Challenges of a New Era by the Rt. Hon. Dr Liam Fox MP was launched in Istanbul on 3 February in a Turkish translation, published by the TEAS Press.

The event was appropriately hosted amidst the palatial surroundings of the Pera Palace Hotel Jumeriah, opened in 1892, whose guests have included Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey. The launch was attended by around 150 guests, including H.E. Ünal Çeviköz, former Turkish Ambassador to the UK and Azerbaijan; Jens Odlander, Swedish Consul-General to Turkey; Rafe Courage, British Vice-Consul General to Turkey; Nermin Bezmen, bestselling author and Tolga Sayacı, Turkish television actor.

Dr Fox’s book strikes a cautionary note, explaining that many of the world’s institutions are ill-equipped to deal with the economic and security threats of the 21 st century. He delineates current fears over international security, based on his own experience,

and then outlines conversations with major decision-makers who have had an irrevocable impact on recent history, including Tony Blair, former British Prime Minister; Condoleezza Rice, former US Secretary of State; Malcolm Rifkind, former UK Secretary of State for Defence; and Donald Rumsfeld, former US Secretary of State for Defence.

Dr Fox stated: “Turkey has been a loyal and enormously important part of NATO, particularly during the dangerous years of the Cold War. It has the second largest military in the Alliance after the US, much larger than Britain or France. By 2019, gas from the Caspian Sea will move from the South Caucasus to Europe via Turkey, and it will replace Ukraine as the major European energy transit country. This, along with Turkey’s impressive economic growth record and its reputation for stability in a generally unstable region, make it a good investment choice for the future.

“It is undeniable that globalisation brings many

The Rt. Hon. Dr Liam Fox MP signs a copy of Rising Tides for an admirer during the launch of the Turkish edition

challenges – many of which are attributable to the foibles of human nature. But ultimately it is irreversible in the contemporary world and benefits us all.”

Leading British politician Dr Liam Fox has held some of the main positions in the Conservative Party and UK government, including Secretary of State for Defence, Shadow Foreign Secretary, Chairman of the Conservative Party and Shadow Secretary of State for Health.

Diplomatic mission to open in Slovakia

Elmar Mammadyarov, Azerbaijani Foreign Affairs Minister, finalises the agreement with Miroslav Lajčák, his Slovak counterpart (Photo: Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

According to the TASR newswire, Azerbaijan is to open a diplomatic mission in Bratislava, following a meeting between Elmar Mammadyarov, Azerbaijani Foreign Affairs Minister and Miroslav Lajčák, his Slovak counterpart. The opening date remains unspecified, but the mission will be at the level of chargé d’affaires. It is anticipated that the new diplomatic mission will foster greater Azerbaijani–Slovak

TEAS’ role hailed on French TV

collaboration in the economic, investment and energy fields. Mr Lajčák commented that Slovakia is interested in developing intense pragmatic political dialogue and in strengthening contract law. During the next few months, an agreement concerning the prevention of dual taxation is to be signed and a proposal concerning the protection of investments will be submitted to Azerbaijan.

The ninth 24h Chrono de l’International – produced by News21.TV in co-operation with TV 5 Monde – was broadcast live on 13–14 January. This unique television concept – 24 programmes in 24 hours in 24 cities across the globe – is aimed at helping French companies become aware of new market prospects. In this year’s edition, the Azerbaijani capital of Baku was positioned amongst other flagship business destinations, such as New York City, Rio de Janeiro, Hong Kong or Bombay.

government towards developing a diversified economy. He also acknowledged the escalating interest of French companies in Azerbaijan, and expressed his appreciation for TEAS’ role in fostering these relationships. Mr Patat went on to suggest that French companies interested in many sectors of the Azerbaijani market should attend the France–Azerbaijan Business Forum (http:// www.teas.eu/bfp2015), which will take place on 13 May at the Hôtel de l’Industrie, Paris.

H.E. Pascal Meunier, French Ambassador to Azerbaijan, gave an overview of French presence in Azerbaijan and the current state of economic relations between the countries. Daniel Patat, former economic advisor at the French Embassy in Azerbaijan, then highlighted the remarkable efforts undertaken by the Azerbaijani

Other experts on the hour-long programme also shared their thoughts on developments in the business climate, legal environment, the growth of niche sectors, and investment opportunities. To view the Baku edition of the 24h Chrono de l’International, go to http://bit. ly/24heuresbakou.

News from Brussels

e-mail: brussels@teas.eu TEAS, in co-operation with the Antwerp port of Baku, meetings with local authorities, Chamber of Commerce and Industry and and an executive briefing on best practice for The Federation of Belgian Chambers of Belgian companies in Azerbaijan from Carine Commerce, is pleased to invite Belgian Petit, Belgian Ambassador to Azerbaijan. companies to join a multi-sectoral businessto-business mission to Baku from 28 April–1 The mission will focus on diversification of the May. The programme will include a visit to the Azerbaijani economy and the opportunities

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in the country for Belgian companies, particularly in the sectors of agriculture, transportation, port handling, water management, alternative and sustainable energy, environment, construction and infrastructure. To register your interest, e-mail: jill.suetens@voka.be

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Politics and News

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Black January remembered in London The Buta Festival of Azerbaijani Arts, in collaboration with the Azerbaijani Embassy in the UK, commemorated the 25 th anniversary of Black January on 20 th January amidst the austere surroundings of the Frontline Club in London. Black January refers to the violent suppression of civilian independence uprisings by Soviet troops in central Baku, under orders from Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.

According to official figures, this resulted in the deaths of 137 people and more than 800 were wounded. Despite the tragic outcome, this precipitated the birth of independent Azerbaijan and heralded the swift demise of the Soviet Union.

The commemoration comprised the screening of a section from the Russian television programme Heydar Aliyev, made in 2004 as part of the series Burden of Power, directed by Andrei Konchalovsky.

The award-winning director introduced the film himself, and former BBC journalist Susannah Simons led the subsequent discussion and interview.

Nasib Piriyev, Director, Buta Arts Centre, commented: “The demonstrators on the streets of Baku were there for a very simple reason – they wanted the freedom to express themselves. This is the same freedom sought by artists around the world. I remember life as a young boy in Soviet Baku. We overlooked what is now Independence Square, where all the demonstrations took place. My Uncle took me to the Square several times, and I will never forget seeing tens of thousands of Azerbaijanis openly criticising Moscow and the Communist party. This was overwhelming. I was approached by a man distributing three-coloured armbands, and asked what the bands represented. He told me that it was the flag of the Azerbaijani Republic. Like most of those present, it was the first time I had seen that flag, and the spirit of freedom was in the air.

Even as a child, I was aware that this

Andrei Konchalovsky – a former collaborator of the legendary Andrei Tarkovsky – fields questions following the screening of his film

freedom came at a cost, and there are still many unanswered questions about what happened that day.”

H.E. Tahir Taghizadeh, Azerbaijani Ambassador to the UK, reflected: “This evening, Nasib and myself were questioning as to why we do not feel particular sadness this evening – after 25 years, we are still grieving the losses.

But tonight we are also celebrating, as it was through these people’s sacrifice that Azerbaijan made an enormous leap along the path towards independence. Without this, we would have never witnessed the mass withdrawal of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that followed immediately after the invasion.

“At the time, Azerbaijan was Soviet territory, but equally there was a completely illegal use of armed force. Whatever the goals and aims of the Soviet leadership at the time, the impact was the contrary. There was a mass exodus from the Communist party and the growth of nationalistic sentiments, and this resulted in Azerbaijani independent statehood. These were the last convulsive spasms of a dying Soviet empire that did not care about international opinion – although Black January was

reported widely. We are now 25 years removed from these events, and the people who stood behind these crimes are still unpunished. Tonight shows that we still care and have not forgotten.”

Andrei Konchalovsky said: “Black January was the effect of a process – the disintegration of the Soviet system. Many cultures were under incredible pressure from the Communist regime for over 70 years. The decision for the Soviet Union to turn guns on its own people was the tragic impact of the Soviet regime.

However, Black January brought about the birth of a nation. The mismanagement of Gorbachev’s government resulted in the decision to eradicate any type of opposition or nationalistic feelings. It was inevitable that once the grip was weakened, the situation would explode. The reaction was violent because the system was violent.”

The event culminated with the reading of an official reply from Mikhail Gorbachev, issued by the Mikhail Gorbachev Foundation, which stated: “I am reluctant to give any comments about the events of January 1990, because it is difficult to speak about that night without a lot of remembering, analysis and deep thoughts.”

New US ambassador arrives in Baku H.E. Robert Cekuta, the newly-appointed US Ambassador to Azerbaijan, took up his position on 12 February, according to the website of the US Embassy in Azerbaijan. He replaces Ambassador Richard Morningstar, who left the position in July 2014.

This is the first Ambassadorial role for career diplomat Cekuta. Born in New York, he joined the US Foreign Service in 1978 and his early postings included Vienna, Austria; Baghdad, Iraq; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Sana’a, Yemen.

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Ambassador Cekuta also directed a task force in Kosovo during the conflict and served in the Bureau of Near East and South Asian Affairs. From 1996–99, he was Deputy Chief of Mission in the U.S. Embassy in Tirana, Albania. Much of his career has focused on business and trade issues and, since 2011, Cekuta has been Deputy Assistant Secretary of State in the US Energy Resources Bureau, reflecting the views of the US State Department on the proposed Keystone XL pipeline, which will bring oil from Canada to the US.

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Personalities – Ambassador Arif Mammadov

Ambassador Arif Mammadov (right) speaks to Neil Watson, Editor and Press Officer, TEAS, at the NATO Headquarters

Ambassador Arif Mammadov – representing the Islamic world in Brussels Ambassador Arif Mammadov ranks amongst the leading Azerbaijani diplomats in the European arena. Having initially obtained a degree at the Military Institute of Foreign Languages (VKIMO) in Moscow, he went on to study Diplomacy in The Hague and London. Ambassador Mammadov served in the Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and in 1995 moved to Brussels as a senior diplomat in the Embassy of Azerbaijan to Belgium. This led to his appointment as Head of the Permanent Representation of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the EU from 2000–06, which he simultaneously held from 2004–06 as Azerbaijani Ambassador to Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

From 2007–12, he was Head of the Permanent Representation of Azerbaijan to the Council of Europe. Since June 2013, he has been the first Ambassador of the Organisation of Islamic Co-operation (OIC) to the EU. TEAS caught up with him at the NATO Headquarters in Brussels to find out more:

You are currently Head of the OIC Mission to the EU. Please describe the operations of the OIC and its objectives.

The OIC is the second largest international organisation after the UN, bringing together 57 member states from such diverse countries and areas as Indonesia, Central Asia, North Africa and the Middle East, thereby covering a huge geography. It also includes observer states such as Russia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, covering a collective population of over 1.5bn people.

Established in 1969, it initially focused on the Israel–Palestine issue, but from 2005 the organisation underwent significant

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reforms under Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, the first elected OIC Secretary-General.

Amongst the biggest achievements of the organisation was the establishment, in June 2011, of the OIC Independent Permanent Human Rights Commission that co-operates closely with the UN, OSCE and the EU. Is it correct that it used to be called the Organisation for Islamic Conference?

That is correct – it was changed to the Organisation for Islamic Co-operation during a meeting in Astana, Kazakhstan. The abbreviation – OIC – remains the same as before. The organisation has huge potential because it is very effective within the UN system and can get support from the 57 states. For Azerbaijan, this is very important, as OIC was always a champion, amongst many international organisations, regarding the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. The OIC resolutions contain a strong message that Armenia should withdraw its troops from Azerbaijani territory.

Could you tell me more about the similar resolution passed in Saudi Arabia?

In January 2013, H.E. Iyad Madani was elected as the new OIC Secretary-General.

He is a well-known politician in Saudi Arabia and throughout the Islamic world.

He has been the Minister for Information, Culture and Hajj affairs. Azerbaijan was one of the first countries he visited after taking up his new role. We acknowledged how he included Nagorno-Karabakh in his speeches from the outset, demonstrating his commitment to resolution of the conflict. In Jeddah, there was a meeting with high-level

representatives and, amongst such other hot issues as Syria and Afghanistan, he spoke of Nagorno-Karabakh as a hot conflict.

The Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh is at the top of the OIC agenda. This is an issue of solidarity, and Azerbaijan is one of the key countries and a very active member of this organisation.

What is the current relationship between the OIC and the EU? Amongst the OIC members, we have Turkey, which is a candidate country for the EU, and Albania, which is on the path to full EU membership. Many of the member countries are covered within the European Neighbourhood policy, and they are also co-operating within other frameworks. So I see big potential for the OIC – in 2015, the organisation will be more decisive and we will see more results.

When were you elected? When did you start your current position with the OIC? I was the first Azerbaijani Ambassador to the EU from 2000–06. Following this, I was Azerbaijani Ambassador to the Council of Europe from 2006–12. My background, and recognition of my experience in Europe, played an important role in being appointed to my current position. I am representing the Islamic world vis-à-vis the EU. Azerbaijan joined the OIC in 1991 at the height of the conflict with Armenia. Over and above the two OIC resolutions, what support does the organisation provide in raising awareness for the conflict with Armenia on a global scale?

The Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh is mentioned at every

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Personalities – Ambassador Arif Mammadov ministerial meeting. There is a resolution, proposed by Azerbaijan, which was approved by all ministers. Of course, when you speak alone, some friends might listen, but when there are 57, it is heard more carefully. I consider the IOC to be a very important organisation that enables us to push our case forward and make it known on an international level. Awareness of the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over NagornoKarabakh has increased considerably, due to the OIC position.

Can you characterise the trading relations between the OIC members?

The OIC has a very important institution at its disposal – the Islamic Bank – that operates on the principle of zero interest. It finances different projects in Azerbaijan and across the world. It is not an organisation that solely works on the basis of philanthropy, for it evaluates the proposed projects and, if they are workable, realistic and viable, then it provides finance. It should be remembered that some OIC member countries are also OPEC countries. However, there are many challenges in the future, as we see sectarian violence spreading from Syria and now from Iraq. If nothing is done urgently, this represents a big threat for the region.

We have also seen the unpleasant activities of Boko Haram in Nigeria and other countries. I believe we have to develop a common response that also interests the EU. I recently met a representative of the EU Humanitarian Office and they explained that they are interested in collaborating in different regions. They proposed that we work together, because there are areas where the OIC has easier access to the government and population than the EU, and vice-versa. An example of where the EU is more suitable is Myanmar, where Muslim minorities are persecuted. The EU has begun the bill of influence to the Myanmar government. However, there are also places where the OIC is influential, such as in Afghanistan. Different factions within the country, even the Taliban, prefer to have

Ambassador Mammadov prepares strategy in his Brussels office

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the OIC as a mediating organisation and there are several initiatives at work. They see the OIC as not being hostile, since it is involved with many projects away from politics, such as constructing hospitals and participation in humanitarian projects. I hope that the OIC can do much more in cooperation with the European institutions, and this understanding is starting to prevail in the EU and the Council of Europe. The recent consultations between the OIC and EU in Brussels and Strasbourg with the Council of Europe are indicative of this development.

What role is being played by the OIC in relation to Palestine?

We always say that Palestine is the raison d’être of the OIC. We recently organised several ambassadorial meetings, and two of the main points related to Palestine. We strongly believe that, without the resolution of the Palestinian situation, other issues cannot be resolved. We are very angry that the issue of Palestine is manipulated by different powers, but I think Europeans particularly support the issue of Palestine.

Many Europeans understand the plea of the Palestinian people. It’s intolerable that people have to live behind fences and that some are isolated and persecuted. I believe that the international community has the moral duty to support the plea of the Palestinian people. One of the conditions for the establishment of Israel was that there would be two states – Palestine and Israel.

I think that many Israelis also understand that, without the resolution of the Palestinian issue, there cannot be sustainable peace for Israel. Many Jewish people in the US and Europe understand that the future of Palestine and Israel is dependent on coexistence. The quicker this understanding prevails, the sooner we can achieve peace in the Middle East.

Obviously Azerbaijan has good relations with Israel. Does this present a problem for Azerbaijan?

The Azerbaijani position towards the issue of the Palestinian state is no different to that of other OIC member states, and we condemn the Israeli policies and recent attacks on Palestinian territories that have resulted in the deaths of over 2000 people. Yes, Azerbaijan has good economic relations with Israel – yet we do not have an Embassy there. We have a Jewish community in Azerbaijan and, as you know, Jewish people have lived in the Caucasus for centuries. We also have synagogues in Azerbaijan, and this was historically the case during the Empire of Khazaria. The reason we have lived with the Jewish people in peace is due to our shared land and history in the Caucasus. We never experienced any anti-Semitism in our history, and lived peacefully together with all

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other religions. This tolerance is reflected in the modern-day Azerbaijan. In my view, the history of Khazaria, and its relations with Azerbaijan, should be carefully studied by historians.

In order to capitalise on being one of the key states of the OIC, and having some economic contact with Israel, we must not delve too deeply into politics. With regard to the Palestinian issue, we can help support the Palestinian people and I believe Azerbaijani economic relations with Israel enable it to deliver messages to the Israeli government more effectively.

How is Azerbaijan’s membership of the OIC actually assisting with optimising relations with Iran?

First of all, Iran is a big neighbour of Azerbaijan, and is home to around 30m Azerbaijanis. Azerbaijan is interested in pursuing good relations with Iran that, in turn, is making important steps regarding opening up vis-à-vis the international community. There are many issues in Iran that move quickly and are left unreported in the western media. Iran is an important

Ambassador Mammadov speaks during an OIC debate

Shia country with oil and gas resources, and everybody understands that Iran might play an integral role in ensuring the energy security of Europe.

Iran has a very old culture, with ancient traditions of diplomacy. There is a large Azerbaijani community that managed to preserve their culture and their language.

Iran was one of the first countries to support the internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees in Azerbaijan, who are the ongoing victims of the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh – and has always supported Azerbaijan’s territorial integrity. I am sure there is great potential for us to further increase and deepen our relations. Iran understands the importance of Azerbaijan and vice-versa. We see the inclusive role of Iran, and regard this as a crucial year regarding international relations and new schemes. We have to wait until we see the new structure of international relations being settled.

To find out more about the OIC, go to www.oic-oci.org

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Personalities – Faig Ahmed

Faig Ahmed – deconstruction, destruction and respect for the Azerbaijani carpet

Faig Ahmed has become internationally renowned for his sideways approach to the concept of the Azerbaijani carpet

Faig Ahmed is one of the leading Azerbaijani contemporary artists. Born and resident in Baku, he graduated from the Sculpture faculty of the Azerbaijan State Academy of Fine Arts in Baku in 2004. He has worked with painting, video and installations, but has latterly focused on Azerbaijani carpets to create contemporary sculptural forms, initially realised in aluminium and then literally deconstructing actual carpets. On 27 January, he was one of the artists featured at the Exploring Inward exhibition – the other being Aida Mahmudova – which opened at the Louise Blouin Foundation in London as part of the Buta Festival of Azerbaijani Arts, in collaboration with the Yarat Contemporary Art Space. TEAS caught up with Faig in India to find out more:

You are now best-known for your variations upon the concept of the Azerbaijani carpet. With which media did you originally work?

I have worked with many different media, and this was probably the cause of my finding such an ubiquitous object as the carpet. I started working with video, and then moved on to large-scale installations, using such materials as pipes and fur.

Actually, I have always enjoyed working with fur and wool. However, my nature would not let me stop at one thing, and I’m always experimenting. My workshop has been littered with thousands of different subjects. I even had some of the element Mercury (Hg) in my studio.

were your first works to use carpets?

It was not an instant decision, and I started to work with the carpet by accident. I have always been inspired by ancient designs and symbols, and some of these were on the carpet. I began to explore these deeply, without any results. When I started to work with the carpet, at some point I realised that the carpet is perfect. It seemed that whatever I did to the carpet, it retained its strong structure. I found this annoying, and my experiments led to the destruction of the carpet. Now that I analyse the process, I realise that my knowledge was very low – these were just the emotions of a rebel experimenter in relation to a very ancient object.

When and why were you first inspired to deconstruct Azerbaijani carpets? What

What is your primary motivation in deconstructing carpets, and what form has this taken so far?

Motivation is always changing, yet the carpet remains the same. Firstly, it symbolised a system that has already become obsolete, peaked and is time to be retired – and that’s how I feel about it. But of course that is not easy, as the carpet is not solely an aesthetically beautiful object, but incorporates cultures from across the past 2,500 years, from China to North Africa, and even Europe. Who am I to resist such layers of history? Only time can tell. However, I think it’s probably my

Spanning a five-month period, the 2014–15 Buta Festival of Azerbaijani Arts is showcasing every element of Azerbaijani culture, ranging from the ancient skills of Azerbaijani carpetmaking to the creativity of the country’s contemporary photographers, the unmistakable sounds of its jazz musicians, and the excitement of live performances through the medium of modern immersive theatre.

In addition to the exciting musical schedule, the festival also incorporates cutting-edge contemporary art exhibitions at the Saatchi Gallery and Louise Blouin Foundation, and artists from the Yarat Contemporary Art Space will display their work in public locations across London.

For more information, go to www.butafestival.com.

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Personalities – Faig Ahmed

09

Despite the destruction, Faig retains the order of these ancient designs

Faig realises another innovative reworking of a carpet

own struggle, and the same struggle you can find in every human being. When the schism is between structure and chaos, the latter always prevails.

Do you use designs from a particular carpet school and, if so, why?

I have not undertaken deep research into the various schools of Azerbaijani carpets, but I feel this will be inevitable!

How has your work been received by critics and the public?

Everybody likes my artworks. I think the reason is that they have a partial influence on the subconscious. When one sees that someone is destroying something very ancient, it is initially insulting, yet simultaneously liberating. Many people can feel this release. Sometimes I receive comments from people who can’t understand my work, but unfortunately not very often.

What working methods do you use to create your carpet artworks?

I use three-dimensional CAD programs to create my works, and sometimes work in Photoshop. I also prepare special plans for the carpet weavers to follow. But the main aspect is the communication between

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the carpet weavers and myself, who are always resistant to everything new. As you can see I always win. I like that, whilst realising these crazy ideas, the weavers invest their time and energy, and then the nonsense in my head turns into something very important and tangible. The main aspect is the energy of the weavers.

Exploring Inward features a new collection of works. How do these differ to those previously produced?

I think this project was a turning point in my art. Most of my work has been experimental, and I often have no idea how it will be completed. However, for Exploring Inward, I was content to leave the artworks unresolved. I’ve passed through all these stages with my team, and the difference is that every time a change occurs, these works represent a kind of alteration.

Faig and two of his assistants create Disconnection from threads

Faig stands alongside fellow artists Aida Mahmudova and Leyla Aliyeva at the Exploring Inward exhibition private view

How do you see your career and work progressing?

I don’t know actually – it is art, and you can’t plan something in art.

Go

to www.faigahmed.com for more information on Faig Ahmed’s work.

One part of the phantasmagorical Gravitation–Anti-Gravitation diptych – each being the inverse of the other – positioned on opposing walls at the Exploring Inward exhibition

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Culture

Faces of Freedom explored

A thought-provoking triptych from Alexandra Kremer-Khomassouridze’s series Faces of Freedom

A new exhibition by the international artist Alexandra Kremer-Khomassouridze has opened at Asia House in London, as part of the Buta Festival of Azerbaijani Arts.

Entitled Faces of Freedom, this explores the relationship between identity, beauty and inner faith. The photographic series depicts 50 women from Azerbaijan, Russia, Iran, France, Georgia, the UK and the US from various cultural backgrounds and professions. It explores their perception of identity in relation to freedom of choice.

The fascinating, monochrome, passportstyle photos portray the women appearing as unveiled and then wearing a hijab. This moving and intimate work, curated by Farah

Pirieva, embraces the complexity of the veil. Ms Kremer-Khomassouridze stated: “No-one left my studio the same. Our conversations had a lasting effect on each of the ladies, as well as myself. The complexity of the process was amazing.

Some of my models, experiencing this for the first time, cried and preferred not to wear a hijab at all – some responded in exactly the opposite manner, telling me that they would consider wearing it one day – others who entered the studio wearing a hijab refused to take it off.”

The internationally-renowned photographer, who left Azerbaijan in 1989, was inspired to capture the photographs after

Cultural centres to open across France

France has ratified an intergovernmental agreement with Azerbaijan on the establishment of cultural centres between the two countries. The speakers at the parliamentary session were Thierry Mariani MP, Vice-President, France– Azerbaijan Friendship Group, French National Assembly; Jean-François Mancel MP, Member, France–Azerbaijan Friendship Group, French National Assembly and President, Azerbaijan Friends Association; and Michel Voisin MP, President, France–Azerbaijan Friendship Group, French National Assembly. The move will see the construction of cultural centres across both countries, working under the auspices of embassies and with legal status.

Recent events in France have included many initiatives by the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, including the Days of Azerbaijani Culture festival in 2013, which took place across France; the Syam Festival, which featured a great deal of Azerbaijani classical music; and a conference devoted to the 900th jubilee of the poetess Mahsati Ganjav. This year, the Cultural Values of Azerbaijan – the Pearl of the Caucasus exhibition has taken place in Megève, focusing on the works of Nizami Ganjavi.

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returning to Baku in 2011. She stated: “When I left Azerbaijan 22 years ago, the hijab was in decline, particularly amongst younger women who preferred to wear jeans and miniskirts as a sign that they were embracing a new ideology of multiculturalism. When I returned 22 years after, I was amazed to see young Azerbaijani women choosing to wear the hijab again. I felt like I had discovered a new Baku, full of interesting contrasts, where freedom could look different to different people. Faces of Freedom is my way of interpreting and exploring these differences – the freedom to wear a hijab and the freedom not to wear it.” For more information, go to www.alexandrakremer-khomassouridze.com.

Separation country-style

The Hot Club of Cowtown, founded in 1996, is one of the US’ most popular country e n s e m b l e s .

Combining western swing and hot jazz to exciting effect, the trio was selected by the US to give the first ever US State Departmentsponsored tour of the South James has included an evocative interpretation of Ayriliq on her new Caucasus in 2006, Elana album and performed across Azerbaijan to wide acclaim. The violinist and singer Elana James was inspired by the Azerbaijani folk music and mugham that she heard during the tour, and has now included an instrumental version of the plaintive song Ayriliq (Separation), composed by Ali Salimi (1922–97), on her solo album Black Beauty, to be released on 24 February. To order a copy, go to www.elanajames.com.

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Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict

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Paris Summit analysed during French National Assembly roundtable On 28 January, a roundtable entitled The Results and Prospects of the Paris Summit on the Peaceful Resolution of the Conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh was organised by TEAS France and the Azerbaijan Friends Association in the French National Assembly, chaired by Jean-François Mancel MP. Over 40 people attended the event, including two former French OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairs, a representative of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development, and the Azerbaijani Ambassador to France, together with many prominent figures from the diplomatic and political worlds and civil society.

Diplomats from the Georgian, Russian and Turkish Embassies were also in attendance.

After a welcoming speech by Jean-François Mancel MP and MarieLaetitia Gourdin, Head, TEAS France, the representative of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development presented the general background to the Paris Summit that took place on 27 October between Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan, initiated and brokered

by French President François Hollande. The two former French OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairs then outlined the operations of the OSCE Minsk Group, tasked with establishing a negotiated peace to the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh, and the history, tangible results and lessons learned over the past decade, during which France has been a Co-Chair. The Azerbaijani

The two sides – led by Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan – met alongside the OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairs and French President François Hollande in Paris in October 2014

Ambassador went on to describe the current state of negotiations regarding conflict resolution.

Many topics were raised during the extensive question-and-answer session that followed. As the 2.5-hour roundtable was drawing to an end, the organisers proposed a new meeting in autumn that would focus on the discussions that will take place alongside the UN General Assembly in September 2015.

No UK government recognition for so-called ‘Nagorno-Karabakh Republic’ In response to a Parliamentary Question posed by Lord Kilclooney, Baroness Anelay of St John’s, Minister of State of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, has categorically stated that the UK government “does not recognise the ‘so-called’ Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.”

Lord Kilclooney’s question was about the fate of two Azerbaijani civilians – Shahbaz Guliyev and Dilham Asgarov – who were ambushed and captured by Armenian armed forces whilst trying to

tend the graves of their relatives in the occupied territories. These proceedings, with no legal basis, ‘sentenced’ the men to prison terms of 22 years and life.

In addition to dismissing the ‘Nagorno-Karabakh Republic’, Baroness Anelay stated that the British government “does not recognise the legal framework of the Court proceedings in question.” The Minister of State also said that the UK government had raised the fate of the two hostages with the International Committee of the Red Cross.

Bryza calls for greater US attention on Azerbaijan Speaking to Trend News, H.E. Matthew Bryza, former US Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Europe and Eurasia, former US Ambassador to Azerbaijan, and now Director, International Centre for Defence and Security, Estonia, commented that the US should pay more attention to

Azerbaijan, as this country is its strategic partner. He continued: “The US should play a more effective role in the South Caucasus, especially in terms of support for the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan through the negotiation process and the application of international principles.”

OSCE Minsk Group calls for intensified negotiations Ivica Dacic, OSCE Chairperson-inOffice and Serbian Foreign Minister, met the OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairs – Ambassadors Igor Popov (Russian Federation), James Warlick (US), and Pierre Andrieu (France) in Munich to discuss developments in the peace process over the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh.

Lamberto Zannier, OSCE Secretary-General and Andrzej Kasprzyk, Personal Representative, OSCE Chairperson-in-Office, also participated in the meeting.

The Co-Chairs commented: “We all agree that the military situation along the ‘contact line’ and Armenian–Azerbaijani border is deteriorating, posing a threat to regional

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stability and endangering civilian lives. The 12 casualties and 18 wounded cited by Ambassador Kasprzyk’s monitoring reports in January represent the highest confirmed number of victims in the first month of a year since the 1994 ceasefire agreement.

After 2014, during which approximately 60 people lost their lives, we are alarmed that this disturbing violent trend has continued.

“There is no military solution to the conflict, and the sides must cease using force. We call on them to end incursions, cease targeting villages and civilians, stop the threat of reprisals and the use of asymmetric force, and take additional steps to reduce tensions and strengthen the ceasefire. We find it unacceptable that the

security guarantees are not fully observed during OSCE monitoring exercises.

“We reaffirm the 4 December 2014 joint statement of the Heads of Delegation of the Co-Chair countries at the Basel Ministerial Council, calling on the sides to settle humanitarian issues, including the return of bodies and prisoners, in the spirit of the Astrakhan statement of October 2010. The OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairs, with the full support of the Chairperson-in-Office, are prepared to host an intensified negotiation process that can bring to a peaceful end a conflict that has scarred the region for too long. We strongly urge the sides to find the political will to begin this process immediately without excuses.”

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Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict

Erdogan stresses support for Azerbaijan Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has reiterated his support for Azerbaijan, underlining that Ankara would continue to back the country over the restoration of its territorial integrity. Speaking alongside Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev during a press conference in Ankara, he said: “I would like to mention this once again – we will continue to extend our support for Azerbaijan over the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict so that a solution is found within the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan. Turkey is extremely sensitive towards this issue and our position is explicit – we will not step back from backing Azerbaijan.”

President Erdogan has repeatedly stated that Official Ankara is committed towards settling the issue. He also noted the importance of a strategic partnership between Turkey and Azerbaijan in the spheres of both defence and energy.

Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev stated that the power of Turkey in the region is important for Azerbaijan, and that his

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan stood shoulder-to-shoulder with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev during the press conference

country would remain strong, so long as Turkey is powerful. He extended his gratitude for Ankara’s continuing support with regard to maintaining justice and

OIC supports Azerbaijani territorial integrity

international law, again alluding to the conflict.

ANAMA neutralises 76 UXOs

The maintenance of Azerbaijani territorial integrity has been supported by the declaration adopted at the 10th session of the Organisation of Islamic Co-operation (OIC) Parliamentary Union in Istanbul. Other clauses include the struggle against international terrorism, achieving peace in conflict zones, and preventing campaigns against Islam.

The Azerbaijan National Agency for Mine Action (ANAMA) detected and neutralised 76 unexploded ordnances (UXO), together with 17 anti-personnel devices and one anti-tank mine, during December 2014. Currently, some 484 bombdisposal experts, 118 support staff, 36 dogs and six mechanical demining machines are involved in the neutralisation operations.

Govhar Hasanzade, Azerbaijani MP and Head, Azerbaijani delegation to the OIC Parliamentary Union, commented that the declaration includes a clause regarding the withdrawal of the Armenian armed forces from the occupied territories, restoration of the Azerbaijani territories, and a pledge for OIC countries not to co-operate with Armenia.

Since 1998, ANAMA has cleared over 278 million m 2 of UXOs and mines and neutralised around 690,000 devices.

Demining operations are currently being conducted in the Agdam, Aghjebedi, Agstafa, Fuzuli, Gazakh and Tartar regions of Azerbaijan, all of which were under Armenian occupation during the conflict, which raged from 1988–94.

Four soldiers killed on the ‘contact line’ On 26 January, the Azerbaijani Ministry of Defence reported the deaths of three soldiers on the ‘contact line’, with three others being wounded. The names and ages of the deceased and injured were not revealed. The Ministry commented that an attempt to attack Azerbaijani positions had been thwarted, whilst the three soldiers had been killed repelling an attack. Zakir Gasanov, Azerbaijani Defence Minister, revealed that the dead soldiers had been posthumously awarded the medal Category 3: For Distinction in Military Service.

Following this, on 5 February, Farid Rufat Agayev was severely wounded during an exchange of fire with Armenian forces. Despite receiving timely medical assistance, he died from his injuries.

Four hours of Armenian fire results in injured civilian

Large-calibre weapons of the Armenian armed forces opened fire on 6 February on Alibeyli village in the Tovuz region, located near the ‘contact line’. Valeh Rzayev, Executive Officer, Alibeyli Village, explained that Armenian fire began at around 20.00hrs and lasted for some four hours. Khatira Aliyeva, a 31-year-old villager, received an injury to her arm and was taken to the Tovuz District Central Hospital for treatment. The house of Ismayil Nabiyev was hit by an Armenian tracer bullet and seriously damaged by fire.

It is claimed that around 100 houses were damaged during the shooting, and that the enemy was silenced by retaliatory fire.

Remembering the Jewish contribution

Shimon Lankry, Mayor of Akko in Israel, visited the Azerbaijani State Committee for Work with Religious Organisations as a part of his visit to Azerbaijan. Mubariz Gurbanli, the State Committee Chairman, outlined the Azerbaijani policy of tolerance and multiculturalism.

He added that the Azerbaijani people would never forget the members of the Jewish community who fought shoulder-to-shoulder with their fellow Azerbaijanis during the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh, many of whom were killed in action.

Mayor Lankry underlined that Azerbaijan had become a model platform for interreligious and intercultural dialogue. He noted that the relations between the Jewish community and the remainder of the Azerbaijani population remained very strong and were the foundation of the Azerbaijani–Israeli relationship.

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Personalities – Joe Murphy

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BP – spearheading the Southern Gas Corridor

It is undeniable that the catalyst for Azerbaijan’s outstanding and rapid economic transformation was the signing of the Contract of the Century in 1994 between the Azerbaijani government and the BP-led Azerbaijan International Operating Company (AIOC). Now, 20 years on, a new pipeline is set to fuel further change in the country – the Southern Gas Corridor – which will bring Azerbaijani Caspian gas from the Shah Deniz field to Europe, delivering energy to Turkey, Greece, Italy and Bulgaria. This received a formal approval in December 2013 when the Azerbaijani government signed a $45bn final investment decision (FID) with the Shah Deniz Consortium, again led by BP.

The groundbreaking ceremony at the Sangachal Terminal took place in September 2014, and it is expected that the first gas will reach Europe in 2020.

The Southern Gas Corridor will support European energy security by diversifying energy supplies, and is designed to deliver up to 16bn m 3 (bcm) a year, of which 10bcm will go to Europe and 6bcm to Turkey. At this pivotal time, TEAS spoke to Joe Murphy, Vice-President: Southern Corridor, Azerbaijan–Georgia–Turkey (AGT) region, BP, to get the latest updates: Could you describe the role of BP in developing the Southern Gas Corridor?

The Southern Gas Corridor comprises four projects – Stage 2 development of the giant Shah Deniz field, the South Caucasus Pipeline expansion (SCPX), the TransAnatolian Pipeline (TANAP) and TransAdriatic Pipeline (TAP). BP and the State Oil Company of the Azerbaijani Republic (SOCAR) are the only two companies involved in all elements of every project and the two companies are working handin-hand on this important venture. BP is the operator of the Shah Deniz 2 and SCPX projects. The role of BP and its stake is clear, as is our commitment to making sure we deliver on behalf of the state of Azerbaijan.

What challenges have to be overcome in actually constructing SCPX, TAP and TANAP? You can look at the challenges in two ways – there are the technical challenges of the project that are, in themselves, very significant as there are 26 wells in the Caspian and 3,500km of pipeline. The wells to be drilled in the Caspian rank amongst the most complex to be drilled

by BP. When people look at this project, they obviously concentrate on the fact that

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The route of the Southern Gas Corridor – destined to play a major role in ensuring European energy security

it’s an extremely long pipeline. However, sinking these wells requires a lot of technical expertise. The wells are spread over an area roughly the size of Manhattan Island, so there are considerable technical difficulties. At BP, we also take into account the non-technical side – this involves working with multiple governments, partners, and buyers in a world that is constantly changing, due to geopolitical issues. So we manage the risks of the non-technical elements, and manage the technical risks related to the construction and development of the projects.

the distribution pipeline perspective. We are also delighted to welcome Petronas to the Shah Deniz and SCP projects. Equity changes happen in a gas value chain of this scale, and it is certainly manageable.

In September 2014, we saw the groundbreaking ceremony for the Southern Gas Corridor. What stage is the work now at and when do you think the first gas will actually be delivered to Italy?

The first gas from the platforms in the Caspian is on track for delivery towards the end of 2018. According to the current schedule, the first gas will arrive in Italy in 2020. And we are on track – it is going to be an interesting project, lasting four to five years, and there will be ups and downs. All of the projects are progressing well and are where they need to be, in terms of delivery.

To what extent do you think that Azerbaijan has a future role as a gas transit hub to supplies from Central Asia?

Firstly, all gas to be delivered from the Shah Deniz 2 field has already been sold for the next 25 years. The first gas to go through the pipeline will be Shah Deniz gas, but let us not forget there are also still multiple untapped resources in the Azerbaijani section of the Caspian Sea. Are there options for the future development of gas in the region? Absolutely. That is clearly why the initial project design included potential for the capacity to be increased.

We recently saw Total and Statoil divest their shares in the TAP project. Why do you think that happened? What prompted Fluxys to increase its stake, and for Enagas and Petronas to enter the project?

If you look at the divestments of Statoil and Total, they are in line with that which is happening in the industry at the moment, where major oil companies are trying to reduce the capital they are spending and focus their portfolios. Total have decided to divest from Shah Deniz, SCPX and TAP. Statoil has sold its shares in Shah Deniz and SCPX, but remains part of TAP. With regard to TAP, I am very happy to see Enagas come in. Enagas is a Spanish company that is very experienced from

Do you think ultimately this will benefit the project?

Yes – with this unbelievable scale of investment, and uniqueness of the project, and considering those companies who are committed to its success, it strengthens the project to involve companies who have new ideas or want to increase their equity.

Joe Murphy, Vice-President: Southern Corridor, Azerbaijan– Georgia–Turkey (AGT) region, BP

What does BP do to actually develop the skills of local people?

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Personalities – Joe Murphy

For the past decade, we have operated the Caspian Training School, which has been training technicians to operate on the platforms. BP understands that it is a guest when it works in a country, and that it is necessary to help the economy and undertake the training of the people from that country.

How do you see the BP–Azerbaijani relationship operating in the very longterm?

BP is delighted with the relationship it has with Azerbaijan. We have seen the country change dramatically in the 20 years since the signing of the Contract of the Century. As was mentioned at the TEAS Business Forum in London, the Azerbaijani GDP has dramatically increased, having a positive impact on the rapid development of the country, along with other positive factors. So hopefully we will be here for many decades to come.

It is now over a year since the FID on the Southern Gas Corridor was signed and, with the collaboration of partners and other countries, an excellent start has been made on the project. We need to maintain this level of momentum, collaboration and mutual support if the project is to be delivered on time.

For more details on BP’s role in the Southern Corridor, go to http://bit.ly/ bpsoutherncorridor

Business News SOCAR Vice-President visits the EC Elshad Nassirov, Vice-President: Investments and Marketing, State Oil Company of the Azerbaijani Republic (SOCAR), has visited the European Commission in Brussels. He met Johannes Hahn, Member of the EC in charge of European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations.

During the meeting, they also discussed the construction of the Southern Gas Corridor.

Johannes Hahn, Member of the EC in charge of European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations (left) learned of the latest developments in the Southern Gas Corridor from Elshad Nassirov, Vice-President: Investments and Marketing, SOCAR

Save 15 per cent on Azerbaijan Investment Summit tickets Organised by The Economist Events, the Azerbaijan Investment Summit will take place at the Four Seasons Hotel, Baku, on 17 March. Subtitled Beyond Oil – Growing the Real Economy, the event will focus on the opportunities for western companies and investors in the emerging non-oil sectors. TEAS is a supporting organisation, and friends can receive a 15 per cent reduction on the registration fee by quoting TEAS/DC when booking at http:// bit.ly/azeconomist.

Azad Rahimov, Azerbaijani Minister of Sports and Youth, will present his vision for a diversified economy and highlight the benefits to ‘Brand Azerbaijan’ of hosting the inaugural European Games in 2015. He will be joined by Simon Clegg, Chief Operating

Officer, Baku European Games Operation Committee (BEGOC) and Chingiz Huseynzade, Vice-President, Azerbaijani National Olympic Committee. The Summit will be chaired by John Andrews, Contributing Editor, The Economist, and feature a diverse range of senior level business and government speakers, including: • • • • •

Shahmar Movsumov, Chief Executive Officer, State Oil Fund of the Republic of Azerbaijan (SOFAZ) Farid Akhundov, Chairman, Pasha Bank Mammad Karimov, Founder, Khazar Ventures Horia Adrian, Area Manager: Emerging Europe, Holcim Dimitri Gvindadze, Lead Economist, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).

Report on new energy geopolitics A report emanating from the seminar What is Azerbaijan’s role in the new geopolitics of energy? has been published at http:// bit.ly/azenergygeopolitics. The seminar was jointly organised by TEAS France and the Institute for International and Strategic Relations (IRIS). The event was hosted by Didier Billon, Deputy Director, IRIS, and attended by Jean-Marie Bockel, Senator of the Haut-Rhin; Catherine Mantel, Director Russia–CIS Project, GDF Suez; MarcAntoine Eyl-Mazzega, Manager, Russia Programme, International Energy Agency; Inessa Baban, Research Fellow, Institute of Strategic Research, École Militaire; and Turab Gurbanov, Senior Advisor, Foreign Relations Department, Azerbaijani

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Presidential Administration. Marie-Laetitia Gourdin, Director, TEAS France, provided the welcome speech.

The panel at the seminar used their expertise to suggest answers to the following questions, amongst others:

The timing of the seminar was pivotal, as the global energy arena has changed dramatically over the last few years. This is attributable to several factors, including the growing demand for hydrocarbons in emerging countries; the development of the non-conventional energy sector in North America; ongoing debates regarding the transition to alternative supplies; and issues relating to the Ukrainian gas hub.

Azerbaijan now has a more prominent role to play in energy geopolitics, due to its extensive oil and gas reserves.

•

•

•

what is the role of Azerbaijan in a complex regional environment, the stability of which is necessary to facilitate the development of any energy project? how can Baku contribute towards securing energy supplies for the European Union through TANAP and TAP, which are integral elements of the Southern Gas Corridor? what is the potential impact of this project in terms of development and economic co-operation?

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