The changing boundaries of government: the impact of technology on public governance

The changing boundaries of government: the impact of technology on public governance 10th CONTECSI 2013- International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Management, S達o Paulo - Brazil Prof.dr.ir. Marijn Janssen Delft University of Technology Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management The Netherlands ICT and governance

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Legislation, regulation and policies = compliance Businesses/citizens

Public organizations

=orchestration

Developments like Open & Big data, Clouds and social web change the relationship between the government and the public ICT and governance

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Example: Reporting and boundaries Government KvK Companies (large, SMEs)

Tax organization

Statistical agency

Banks

Financial Intermediaries

Software

• No central ccommand and control • Complexity on all levels (technical , semantcal and organizational) • New rapporting language (XBRL) • Piggy backing and upstreams controls • Compliance by design and lean government ICT and governance

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Open data – what is happening?

• Only a limited number of datasets are published (compliance?)

• Who will use it? and for what purposes?

• Publishing is the aimed at increasing the number of datasets, instead of creating value • The user is not known ICT and governance

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Open data – use

• • • •

Opening is lowerig the threshold of use How will open data be used by the public??

What is the use of open data and how can it benefit government?

Who is liable for the outcomes? What if data proves to be incorrect?

ICT and governance

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Open data - learning

• The government wants to use open data to improve her policies and processes • Shift from policy-making by ‘experts’ to policy-making by the ‘public’ ICT and governance

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Government are struggling to get grip on this • More tasks are moving outside the public sector boundaries • Call for transparent government

Public

governments

ICT and governance

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Government are struggling to get grip on this • More tasks are outside but they want to regain control

Public

governments

$

ICT and governance

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What ties the government and public? platform-based governance orchestration infrastructure

• • • • • •

No central control Horizontal relationships No green field Users are heterogeneous have different capabilities and needs Many changes over time Situational knowledge is required ICT and governance

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Platforms – who controls?

• Platforms are focal points where various types of actors engage in a common environment • People can create their own applications and can contribute with information about what is happening from multiple devices Source picture: Elsa Estevez & M. Janssen (2013). Lean government and platform-based governance: Doing more with Less. Government Information Quarterly. Vol. 30. Supplement 1, pp. S1-S8,

ICT and governance

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Orchestration • Governments focus on realizing and warranting certain values.

• Orchestration should ensure that the single parts act in a consistent and coherent manner • Orchestration contains the arrangement, monitoring, coordination and management of complex networks • Government do not control but facilitate • Governments can connect people who want to take care of each other, and doing so they can accomplish their tasks of ensuring social security by taking care of disabled people • Monitor and analyze discussions and evidence

• Governments make use of the collective knowledge

ICT and governance

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Policy-making cycle , www.policy-community.eu

Open dashboards

Policy evaluation

crowdsourcing

Policy enforcem ent

Sensors everywhere

Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis

Problem definition

Agenda setting

Policy developm ent Policy implemen tation

Serious Gaming and simulation

Conclusions • Driven by the financial crisis public spending is reduced and public organizations are forced to look for smarter ways - to do more with less • Citizens and businesses are used as a mean to put pressure on the public sector to improve and innovate. This is in sharp contrast to the hiring of expensive consultants and business people to improve governments from the inside • Feedback mechanisms and participation are essential ingredients • Politicians and policy-makers have to go where the people are • New orchestration capability needs to be developed by governments • Deep knowledge of the situation is often required

ICT and governance

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Playing apart together

ICT and governance

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