Homtextile - Sayı 82 / Issue 82 by TETSİAD

SEPTEMBER 2014

TURKISH HOME TEXTILE INDUSTRIALST’S AND BUSINESSMEN’S ASSOCIATION

ISSUE: 82 SEPTEMBER 2014

The Success Story of ‘Made In Turkey’ In Home Textile

free

of c

rg e

PREFACE Success Story of Turkish Home Textile Dear my colleagues, Turkish Home Textile sector, which started to become popular in foreign markets after 1980’s, maintains to develop by taking its steps in a more reliable and confident way every passing year and continues to advance in international markets. When this success story is analyzed, it will be seen that its foundations go back a long way. In the excavations that were made in Göbekli Hill in Urfa, traces of documents that our ancestries prepared in 9500 B.C. were found. Very different communities who lived in Anatolian soils over 11000 years formed rich document culture that we have today and provided that this culture was carried into the present by enriching this heritage for generations. Sumerians, Hittites, Lydians, Ions, Urartians, Accadians, Babel, Assyrians, Persians, West Rome, Seljuks, Byzantines, Ottoman Empire and Republic of Turkey. Each of states that were established in these soils left important information for the next state and withdrew from pages of the history. The Turkish Textile that was adorned with this richness started to make production via factories that were set up as from the first years of the Republic and made up deficiency of infrastructure via an attempt made for investment after 1980’s. A sector, which can sell its own creation to the world, was formed by developing design architecture that the history left into the present via new studies that were performed. Our industrialists who know that competition can be made with quality and developed production opportunities get into new markets every passing day and make an international success story. Turkish Home Textile Suppliers that are among the most important producers of the world with trading volume of 13 billion USA dollars produce goods that have high added value and offer innovative products that make difference for their valuable customers and contribute to their sales capacity. Our sector, which has characteristic of a business line that develops fast with approximate growth rate of 10 percent per year, will strengthen its success in the following years and reinforce its image in the international arena via new success stories. If you haven’t met Turkish Home Textile Suppliers yet, we think that you should make a move and discover quality and difference. If you work with us, increase your profitability by developing this study into different dimensions. Let’s write this success story together. We’re waiting you to our HOME&TEX fair that will be organized in Istanbul between 19- 22 November. Let’s discover innovation together. I wish you healthy, happy days and have a nice working day.

Yaşar KÜÇÜKÇALIK Chairman Turkish Home Textile Industrialists’ and Businessmen’s Association

INDEX INDEX

HOMETEXTILE

Deputy Chairman

Members

Ali Sami AYDIN Zafer KATRANCI

Ufuk Oçak, Erdoğan Baydemir, Mehmet Fatih Dereköylü, Bülent Koçak, Vehbi Akman, Can Tanrıverdi, İsmail Ağaoğlu, Remzi Kırayoğlu, Kemal Aydın Ulusal, Aziz Sarı, İrfan Pamuk, Cenk Kemahlı, Mustafa Kösemusul, Cemal Çetinkaya, Murat Zümbülyuva, Faruk Hürdana, Osman Kuman Çağal

On Behalf of Turkish Hometextile Industrialists and Businessmen’s Association Commercial Enterprise

Secretary General

Chairman

Financial Secretary

Yaşar KÜÇÜKÇALIK

Abdülhadi Köseoğlu

Cengiz ÖZMEN

84 90

The Board of Auditors

Ali Rıza Hasoğlu, Mehmet Baykent, Şerafettin Demir, Ahmet Serdar, Sütçüoğlu, Halim Usta, Yavuz Demirel

Editor in Chief (Responsible) Haşim Büyükbalcı

Editor

4 26 34 44 53 66 70 74 78 84 90 98

Editorial Coordinator Şeyma Taşkıran

Reporter Seray Baykan

Art Director

Yiğit Sütçü

Hakan Tekin

Graphic Design

Buket Tanrıöver

Zeynep Esen Sarıkaya

Contributors

Publication

Nihan Yelütaş Tüzel Sezer Köylü Tokgöz Atilla Bulut Ömür Işık

Analysis Hometex Evteks Trend Export Portrait History Anatolian Weaving Environment Turkish Embroidery Travel: Mardin Cuisine

Address: IDTM Bloklari A3 Blok Kat:16 No:461 Yesilköy-Bakirköy-Istanbul Phone: +90 212 292 04 04 Fax: +90 212 292 23 04 www.tetsiad.org - info@tetsiad.org

Print Elma Basım

ANALYSIS

Developments in Turkish Home Textile Global Look at Home Textile Economy 4

HOMETEXTILE

ccording to the World Economic Outlook, which was updated by the IMF in January 2014, the global economy grew stronger in 2013. The economists in general estimate that a relative recovery will occur in 2014. In line with the economic developments around the world, Turkish economy closed 2013 with a 3.8% growth rate and Turkey exported 152 billion dollars in 2013 in general. Turkey is also one of the most important players in global textile trade. Throughout 1980’s Turkey’s home textile market reached certain magnitude hand in hand with textile sectors. Besides rising domectic demand and export, growing tourism potential in Turkey also made home textile growing faster.

Before analyzing Turkey in detail, one has to look closer to the global home textile trade. In 2013, global home textile trade figure reached 83 billion dollars.

Turkey is the 4th Biggest Player When we look at the important players in the global home textile, we see China as the biggest exporter. China’s export in home textile reached 41 billion dollars in 2013. China’s share is nearly 50 percent, almost half of the whole export. India is the second biggest global exporter with 6 percent share. Pakistan, with 3,7 billion dollars and 4,5 percent share, is the third biggest exporter.

HOMETEXTILE

ANALYSIS

Turkish Home Textile Exports (Annual Figures) Home Textile Export ($)

Home Textile Export Annual Growth (%)

2009

2.585.244.333

-22,87

2010

2.779.758.710

7,52

2011

3.126.541.624

12,48

2012

2.904.301.449

-7,11

2013

3.296.782.484

13,51

Source: TUİK, TETSİAD calculations

Turkey’s home textile export reached 3,3 billion dollars in 2013, with an increase of 13,5 percent. We are the fourth biggest supplier of the World. Turkey’s share in the global export market is 4 percent. Turkey is aiming to reach 10 billion dollars in home textile exports in 2023, which is the 100th anniversary of the Turkish Republic. The planned growth rate to reach this aim is 12 percent each year. If Turkey keeps the export growth rate in 2013 in home textile in the coming years, this target is quite attainable.

Turkish Home Textile Exports Turkish home textile industry grew by 13.5% in 2013 achieving 3.296 billion dollars exports. Just like all other industries, home textile industry was adversely affected by the financial crisis in 2009. Its export exhibited an erratic performance in the following 4 years, but it touched 3.3 billion dollars in 2013, which it had achieved in 2007 and 2008 previously. The share of home textile exports within the overall textile exports increased 2.3% in 2013 in comparison to the previous

HOMETEXTILE

year and reached 39.3%. An examination of the home textile figures since 2005 shows that the industry greatest change between 2012-2013 as 13.5%. This demonstrates that the industry showed a significant performance in 2013 when the general exports stood still in Turkey.

Towel And Bathrobe Is the Leader of The Export Which product lines come first in home textile export? In 2013, an examination the biggest share in Turkish home textile exports based on products reveals that the highest export value was achieved in towel and bathrobe group. The volume of export in this category was 941 million dollars in 2013. This group is followed by bed linens and curtaining and upholstery fabrics groups. When the change in volume is examined in comparison to 2012, we see that the greatest increase occurred in bed linens group with 26.8%, which was followed by a

ANALYSIS

Distribution of Turkish Home Textile Export over Product Groups

Source: TUİK

20.5% increase in curtains and bed frills and a 15.8% increase in beds, quilts and sleeping bags. Towels and bathrobes are the most exported products with a 28% share. They are followed by bed linens (19%) and curtaining and upholstery fabrics (17%).

Destinations of Home Textiles are Being Diversified Turkey’s largest home textile export markets were Germany, Russian Federation, USA, France and Britain in 2013. In 2013, Turkey exported 593.5 million dollars to Germany alone, which has 18% share in the total home textile exports. Germany was followed by Russian Federation with a % 12 share and a 398 million dollars value, and by USA with a % 7.4 share and a 244.9 million dollars value. The export value to the top ten countries makes up % 64.13 of the total home textile exports. European Union is a significant market for Turkish home textile products. Turkey exports approximately 1,7 billion dollars’ worth of home textile products to EU countries which is equal to % 52 in the total home textile export of Turkey. Being able to export so much to EU countries where the quality standards are significantly high demonstrates the proficiency of the Turkish home textile industry. As a result of their quality, Turkish home textile products are mostly preferred in Europe. European Union is the biggest and mature market for Turkish home textiles. But, emerging markets also need special attention. Ukraine, for example, is the fastest growing export market with a growth rate of 40 percent in 2013 and average growth rate of 215 percent for the last 5 years. Turkish home textiles exports to Ukraine reached 125 million dollars in 2013.

HOMETEXTILE

*(/ú1 d(<ú= 7(.67ú/ 6$1 9( 7ú& /7' û7ú #IHANGIR -AH 2EÍITPAÍA #AD -EZARL K 3OK .O !MBARL !VC LAR Ë34!."5, 4EL &AKS WWW GELINHOME COM

ANALYSIS

When examining export performance of Turkish home textile sector on a regional basis, we see an important rise in North African market. When examining export increase averages between the years of 2009-2013, North Africa region emerges as a significant market that achieved 176 percent export increase. Libya was one of the countries that Turkey has a tremendous export increase of % 208 in the last 5 years period. Libya, which experienced very serious war, had got to the point where it is almost impossible to do business in 2010. With the stagnation in 2011, Turkish companies made the best of the market which was activated again. Export figure showed increased of %327.8 in 2012. Algeria is another North African export market for Turkey with a growth rate of % 137. Latin America is another newly rising destination for Turkish home textiles. The last 5 years growth rate for Latin American market for Turkish home textile products is 144 percent. Similarly, it witnesses to the fact that Gulf Region is one of the prominent markets of the Turkish home textile sector. The average of the last 5 years which was at the rate of 144.6% makes the exporters happy. Saudi Arabia is one of the export markets attracting attention with a growth of %148 in the same period.

Top 10 Countries to Which Turkey Exports Home Textile

HOMETEXTILE

Home Tex Fuarı Hall 7 Stand B 07 www.semiramis.com.tr

19 - 22 Kasım 2014 İstanbul / TÜRKİYE

Dosab Yıldız Sokak No: 29 Osmangazİ / bursa Tel: (+90 224) 261 20 71 (+90 224) 261 20 77 Fax: (+90 224) 216 10 23

ANALYSIS

The Success Story of ‘Made In Turkey’ In Home Textile Turkey is one of the first countries that come to mind at global markets when people talk about “home textile”. Today, the ‘Made in Turkey’ logo on home textile products represents the authentic designs and collections of reliable and high-quality brands. Turkey is the major home textile supplier in Europe and Turkish products reach 184 countries across different continents.

HOMETEXTILE

ANALYSIS

The growing domestic demand combined with the eforts of the Turkish home textile producers and exporters to get their share in global markets, led to a success story. So far, Turkish home textile has successfully fought against the negative efects of the global crisis and with its market diversity, it even enhanced its strength and it’s currently on the rise again. Turkey has increased its textile exports ten fold over the last decade. Moreover, Turkish products are placed in the middle and upper segments in the world markets. While we were manufacturing for global brands ten years ago, today, we are exporting our own brands and designs developed by the strong designers and R&D teams we have. Besides this huge success, Turkey has become an important global base for home textile with its manufacturers, exporters, designers and Evteks Fair organized annually for the last 20 years. Evteks hosts hundreds of domestic and foreign companies every year and sets the fashion trends in home textile industry. Turkish; home textile has many unique features a very strong quality image at home and abroad, an infrastructure that can perform various production types in line with the changing customer needs, an extensive product range which caters for all tastes, strong R&D investments, high quality workforce and design teams who create world renowned collections. Home textile industry is one of the ‘star’ sectors of Turkey and it truly shines in the world markets, too. Turkey currently gets a 5 percent share in the global home textile market of nearly 80 billion dollars. ‘Made in Turkey’ products are greatly appreciated not only in Europe but also in Middle East, North Africa and Russia.

Domestic market overview Turkey’s annual production is about 14 billion dollars and 8 billion dollars of that production is sold in the domestic market. There are about 20 million households in diferent income groups in Turkey and the number of newlyweds is also quite high in the country. Every year, approximately 600.000 people are getting married and are setting up new homes. In parallel with the developments in the tourism and health sectors in Turkey, the need for products such as curtains, bed sheets, bed covers and towels is also increasing day by day and the domestic market for contract business is growing.

HOMETEXTILE

ANALYSIS

Online sales is common Internet is extensively used in our country and online home textile shopping is very common. The online shopping sites ofer a wide range of products of diferent brands making it easy for customers to choose between diferent colors and patterns and allowing price comparisons. Many shopping sites ofer branded products at very afordable prices.

Number 1 in Europe Turkey demonstrated an average annual increase of % 9 between 2000 and 2010 and it became the largest supplier in Europe. The amount of Turkish home textile exports grew by % 13,5 in 2013 achieving 3,3 billion dollars export volume. Considering the performance of the sector, the export target for 2023 is set as 10 billion dollars. When home textile export is examined on country basis, Germany becomes the leader. Other countries are Russian Federation, USA, France, Britain, Italy and Ukraine. EU is a significant market for Turkish home textile products.

HOMETEXTILE

Approximately 1,4 billion dollars Turkey home textile exports realize to EU countries.

Diversity is increasing Following the developments of home textile industry in the world, Turkey has increased its investments in R&D and P&D activities and as a result of these eforts, the traditional home textile products have diversifed and become more appealing to diferent tastes of the consumers.

The advantages of Turkey Turkey has many advantages such as its strong infrastructure, dynamic and young population and high skilled workforce. It also makes use of its past experiences to create new designs and brands. Its proximity to the EU countries is also another big advantage of Turkey. And Turkeyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s enthusiasm to create innovative products is an important sign that the industry will sustain its strong position in global home textile markets for a long time.

ANALYSIS

New Markets that are targeted Although they seem to be competitors in global markets, China, India and Turkey, in fact, are open to mutual cooperation and sharing. Consumption habits are changing and interest in high quality product of well-known brands is growing in these countries. In parallel to expanding middle class in these countries, their import volume in general is growing and it attracts many home textile manufacturing countries, including Turkey. Turkey is one of the countries participating with the highest number of companies at the Intertextile Shanghai Home textile Exhibition held in Shanghai. Also recently, they have been participating in Heimtextile India in growing numbers. Turkish exports with high value added products to China are increasing and, Turkish exporters are outreaching the quality conscious Chinese consumers. The most important buyers in Japan are the hotels and additionally, the home textile consumption is also increasing with the increasing number of houses in this country. Again, as in the case of China, there is a trend in Japan to buy high quality products of well-known brands. The Japantex Fair is of great importance to Turkish exporters who wants to build networks and enter the Japanese market.

The young designers are encouraged Professional designers and the oncoming young creative designers are considered as an investment in the future of the industry. Young people are encouraged through prizes and competitions organized by export unions, associations and corporate companies. Designers are seen as the key to branding, creating added value, producing value added products and improving competitiveness in the industry.

HOMETEXTILE

ANALYSIS

The most prominent cities In Turkey, 8 out of every 10 towels and bathrobes, almost half of the bed sheets and bed linens are produced in Denizli. The majority of the home textile products manufactured in Denizli, such as towels, bathrobes, bed sheets, quilt covers and curtains are exported. The city has about 200 towel and bathrobe manufacturers and Denizli performs nearly 70 percent of Turkish towels and bathrobes exports to a total of 138 countries. Sericulture and weaving are important traditions of Bursa. Today, this city focuses on trendy and innovative products. Companies in Bursa are very successful in branding and they are already getting prepared to make new investments in the feld of technical textile. As for İstanbul, besides being an important production base, it stands out as a center of design and fashion. Evteks Fair undoubtedly, the world’s second-largest home textile fair, holds great importance in the development of the Turkish home textile industry.

Evteks is the base for design More than 1,000 domestic and foreign companies participate in the Evteks Fair that is organized annually by the Turkish Home textile Industrialists’ and Businessmen’s Association and the number of visitors reached nearly 135.000. Multi-billion dollar business contacts are carried out in the fair that lasts in five days. Design ofices from Germany, Italy, Portugal, Sweden, United Kingdom, France, U.S. and Netherlands participate in Evteks that improves further each year. The exhibitors and visitors of the fair share a common opinion that “In near future, İstanbul will be an important global base for new designs and patterns”.

Ready for nanotechnology Nanotechnology has already made its mark on this century, as a new industrial and information revolution. In near future it can even become an important indicator of the strength of the countries, not only the industries. Turkish home textile tends towards high value added products and particularly the larger branded companies are already prepared to make use of nanotechnology and nano materials. High-tech smart home textiles can be manufactured upon request and Turkey is getting ready to take its place in the international markets in this area.

HOMETEXTILE

DENİD İÇ ve DIŞ TİC. LTD.ŞTİ. Akçeşme Mah. 2611 Sok. No:17 Gümüşler DENİZLİ tel. 0 258 372 14 22 fax. 0 258 372 13 69 denid@denid.com.tr

C N R E X P O H A L L

B - 0 8

ANALYSIS

The strengths of Turkish home textile

● Volumes of production are ﬂexible. ● Latest technology is used. ● High quality and good value products are manufactured. ● Deliveries are carried out in time and in line with the agreements. ● EU countries are easily accessible. ● A member of customs union, customs legislation is in place.

There are signiFIcant investments Turkey has made continuous investments in home textile, renewed its machine park and advanced in its R& D and P&D activities. Once a contract manufacturer for Europe, Turkey now produces its own collections and sells them under its own brand names. This development also indicates that Turkey is taking share from its competitors. Turkey achieves this with its robust in rastructure and the new investments it makes, the qualifed workforce it uses and the efcient marketing methods it applies. Manufacturers who make significant investments in the industry are expecting government protection against cheap and poor quality imported into the country.

Stores are opened abroad Branded companies of Turkey are opening stores in countries such as Romania, Albania, Macedonia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Bulgaria. In these stores, consumers can and any of the home textile products they are looking for.

The industry has a bright future Turkey, who has achieved significant success in home textile industry and who has become an important market player in the world, now uses the ‘Made in Turkey’ logo with great condence. With big investments and hopes, Turkish home textile industry has taken its place on the global stage. The industry is not simply aiming to manufacture products and sell them but it strives to produce branded, high quality and high value added products. With its target to realize exports worth 500 billion dollars by the year 2023, Turkey aims to take its place among the world’s top 10 economies. The target for home textile exports is 10 billion dollars by the same year. In summary, Turkish home textile is an industry that has high production ability. It’s condently heading towards being the world leader by focusing on design, innovation and branding activities and manufacturing high value-added products.

HOMETEXTILE

Merkez:10302 Sk. No:7 Kaklıç Mh. Çiğli - İZMİR Tel: +90 232 54 27 (3 Hat) Fax: +90 232 327 54 29 Şube: 5747 Sk. No: 50 MTK Sitesi Çamdibi - İZMİR Tel: +90 232 431 02 18 Fax: +90 232 431 02 19

info@pamukkaletekstil.com.tr www.pamukkaletekstil.com.tr

HOME&TEX

Where aesthetics meets elegance:

“HOME&TEX”

HOME&TEX reveals the most coveted names in home fashion industry with a more enriched content. Over 500 high-end exporter & importer brands present their latest collections in home textile, contract textile, floor and wall covering, decorative accessories, housewares and lighting on 30.000 sqm. area.

fter the remarkable success story of EVTEKS Fair, Turkish Home Textile Industrialists’ and Businessmen’s Association (TETSIAD) and CNR Sectorial Trade Fairs, an affiliate of CNR Holding will be organizing second edition of HOME&TEX revealing the most covetable names in home fashion with a more enriched content on 19 - 22 November 2014 in İstanbul. Interior designers, design & lifestyle stores, furniture showrooms, distributors, importers, contractors and hotels from Middle East, the

HOMETEXTILE

Arabian Gulf, Russia, Turkic Republics, North Africa, America and Europe visit HOME&TEX. Single type, special designed stands are used in HOME&TEX, offering exhibitors the most convenient presentation for their latest collections. The interior design, furniture and home fashion will be the major highlight of the HOME&TEX. It will focus on the latest design and new products that are available in the sector and will prove to be very essential for all its visitors. The expo is estimated to

be visited by more than 80,000 visitors. You will get to experiences the launch of new products and unique designs that can add beauty to your interior and that suits your budget. It will bring together the Distributor, Agent, Buying office, Department store along with the industry leaders and experts to gain and share significant knowledge and information about the latest developments of the industry HOME&TEX 2014 will exhibit the products and services that will include Curtains &

HOME&TEX

Tulles, Curtain accessories, Curtain devices, Upholstery, Bedroom products, Kitchen & Dining room textiles, Towel & Bathroom products, Glassware & Decoration products, Lighting, Wall Covering, Floor Covering, Yarn and Other. In its first year, the fair was held between November 14th and 17th 2013 with 300 exhibitors on an area of 20.000 square meters. The fair, with its specially designed uniform stand concept, provided its guests with a chic atmosphere, and offered its exhibitors an opportunity to economize not only in terms of stand costs but also time and intense endeavor. The second HOME&TEX fair will be organized between 19th–22nd November 2014; and this time, decoration and glassware products will also be added to product sets. The trend-setters of home, hotel, yacht and all kinds of living spaces will present their products at HOME&TEX 2014.

HOMETEXTILE

Those firms in the field of ‘contract business’, which provides functional service to office, hospital and residence projects will be also at the fair next year. The latest collections and products will be presented and architects and interior designers will also be looking forward to attending. Home and decoration fair HOME&TEX welcomed 5000 international guests from a total of 55 countries, especially from America, Europe, Asia and Africa, to Istanbul. Hosting more than 20.000 foreign

guests over four days, the fair attracted great attention. Exhibitors were also pleased thank the attention generated by such a concentration of guests and the developed trade volume. Located in the landscape known as ‘’AfroEurasia’’, Turkey serves as a gateway to Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East and Pan Euro-Mediterranean region. The central location of Turkey provides an efficient and cost effective outlet to major markets. As visa requirements are being eliminated

HOME&TEX

between Turkey and neighboring countries, more businessmen and professionals prefer Turkey for visiting trade shows, meeting associates and making investments. While increasing purchasing power in the region offers new opportunities; rising interest and quality in design in Turkey makes Istanbul the ideal platform for observing latest home decoration and textile trends. Turkey is the 4th biggest home textile supplier in the world and has a share of 5% of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s market in the industry. Its annual export of home textile

HOMETEXTILE

sums up to 5,5 billion dollars. HOME&TEX takes place in the largest fairground of the country; CNR EXPO Center. Business meetings taking place in an elegant atmosphere set the fair as the industryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s networking platform in Eurasia. Located just across Ataturk International Airport, the fairground provides easy transportation and numerous accommodation options for visitors and exhibitors. Daily access with 3-hour flight from most of the world capitals facilitates doing business in Turkey.

FAIR

HOMETEXTILE

Global home textile sector will come together in

EVTEKS 2015 EVTEKS Fair made a huge progress in 21 years. Primarily held in 1993 with the attendance of 69 companies, EVTEKS has now 1000 participant firms.

VTEKS International Home Textile Fair is getting ready to open its doors for the 21st time. Meeting point of global professionals, the 21st EVTEKS Fair will be held between 19th and 23th of May, 2015. EVTEKS where the innovations in home textile sector are presented and where the trend-setter and fashion setter products are offered to the visitors is organized by the cooperation of Turkish Home Textile Industrialistsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; and Businessmenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Association-TETSIAD and CNR International Fair Center. 1000 companies are expected to attend EVTEKS 2015 which will be held on an area of 60.000

sqm in Istanbul CNR Expo Fair Center situated next to Ataturk Airport. More than 2000 brands will take part in the fair where famous designers will present 2016 home textile trends. EVTEKS - 21th International Home Textile Fair is the largest international fair in Eurasia which is expected to host 130.000 domestic and foreign people from the sector. Among the fairs held in Turkey, EVTEKS draws the most attention abroad by setting a record for reaching the highest number of foreign exhibitors. Approximately, 40 thousand foreign professionals visited 20th EVTEKS. The fair will gather importers,

HOMETEXTILE

FAIR

exporters and manufacturers along with wholesalers, distributors, agencies, purchase offices, large retail stores, chain stores and hotels, interior designers and decorators, designers and media under one single roof. EVTEKS Fair made a huge progress in 21 years. Primarily held in 1993 with the attendance of 69 companies, EVTEKS has now 1000 participant firms. Also it was established on an area of 2175 sqm; however, now, its ground area is 60.000 sqm. This development demonstrates the development of Turkish home textile sector. EVTEKS Fair is the world’s second largest home textile fair. In the 20th EVTEKS Fair, which was held in May 2014, ten thousands of home textile

HOMETEXTILE

products were presented and the future trends were discussed. The fair pleased the exhibitors and visitors commercially and also with its rich content. Approximately 1000 international and domestic exhibitor companies took their place at EVTEKS which was visited by worldwide buyer companies from 69 countries from 6 continents. EVTEKS 20th International Home Textiles Fair in which thousands of goods regarding home textiles were exhibited rejoiced participants and visitors partaken upon in terms not only of trade but also of the propounded rich content. The fair which was thronged both by foreign and domestic buyers was visited by 114.413 visitors out of which 39.275

was foreigners. EVTEKS in which recent developments regarding home textiles stride upon and the goods steering the trend and fashion were offered for visitors drew intense interest. Inaugurated on 21st of May and ended on 25th of May, the fair was carried out in cooperation of TETSİAD – Turkish Home Textile Industrialists’ and Businessmen’s Association and CNR International Fair and Organizations, a subsidiary of CNR Holdings. The foreign participant countries of the fair which was held in 11 halls comprising of 60 thousand square meter area were primarily formed of countries as Spain, Italy, Belgium, France and Germany followed by Austria, United Kingdom, Greece, Holland,

FAIR

Switzerland, Poland, Azerbaijan, USA, Emirates, Egypt, Iran, Morocco, Russian Federation, India, Pakistan, China, Taiwan and TRNC. Spain, Italy, Belgium and Morocco had partaken by their own country pavilion. Manifattura Tessile Di Nole M.T.Spa, Enzo, Mario Cavelli, Ter Molst International, Symphony Mills, Angelo Carillo and Karim Rashid For Arben were companies and brands which established stands by attending fair from these countries. Buyers placed orders in huge amounts EVTEKS in which approximately 1000 firms operating both nationally and internationally partaken visited by buyer groups from over 50 countries overseas. USA, Germany, Japan,

HOMETEXTILE

France, Austria, United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, Colombia, Brazil, Russian Federation, Spain, Morocco, Iran and China were among the visitor countries. In the fair in which buyer groups had placed orders in huge amounts undersigned substantial trade agreements. Visitors attended to fair spent three times more than a visitor tourist in terms of transportation, accommodation and catering. In the fair in which the following year home textile trends were designated the main theme was â&#x20AC;&#x153;Imagineâ&#x20AC;?. The trends which were set down by practices of French trend tout agent Nelly Rodi were presented on EVTEKS Trend Area around this concept. In the Designer part of the Fair French, British, German, American

FAIR

and Swiss world famous design studios were participated. Also, the seminars attended by famous designers had drawn great interest at EVTEKS. Product groups of EVTEKS were formed of gauze, curtain, guipure, upholstery, curtain accessories, bedchamber textiles, towel and bathroom textiles, floor and wainscoting and gauze mechanisms. According to the Chairman of TETSİAD, Yaşar Küçükçalık, the importance of EVTEKS Fair is continuously increasing in home textile sector. Annual foreign sales of Turkish home textile sector are $5.5 Billion and it has a share of 5% in global home textile market. Communication regarding this sale has been made in EVTEKS. The volume of the Turkish home textile sector is about $ 13 billion, $ 5,5 billion of which is obtained from foreign sales. The share of suitcase trading is $ 2 billion in foreign sales. According to the CNR Fair Center, approximately 40 thousands foreign visitors coming to EVTEKS spend an average of 1300, three times an ordinary tourist, for accommodation and food. The product groups of EVTEKS consist of tulles, curtains, embroideries, upholstery fabrics, bathroom products, bedroom products, tablecloths, wall coverings and carpets.

HOMETEXTILE

pinella bask覺 SON.pdf

CMY

8/5/14

4:58 PM

Akman Head Office: Prof. Turan Güneş Cad. No: 114 Zeytinburnu - İstanbul - Turkey - Phone: +90 212 558 34 34 Fax: +90 212 558 45 47 Akman Çorlu Factory: Vakıflar Köyü Yoztepe Mevki Çorlu - Tekirdağ - Turkey - Phone: +90 282 672 24 28 Fax: +90 282 672 24 33 Export E-mail: info@akman-tekstil.com www.akman-tekstil.com

TREND

NellyRodi 2015 Evteks Trends

IMAGINE

ifestyle, as a playground of experimentations, sets out to conquer its dreams this year. In such a fragile socio-economic context, it feels good to be able to look to a fantastical world where everything remains to be invented. With imagination at the helm the gates of reality are opened wide to positivity. Subject to constant decorative changes, the home is a stage and the consumer the director. As decoration is their favorite mode of expression, our consumers give free rein to their fictional flights of fantasy to tell imaginative, poetic stories.

HOMETEXTILE

The irrepressible need to contemplate, as one might meditate, joins with their desire to weave tales andnarrate epic exploits. These modern aesthetes, who appreciate contemporary art, architecture, design and arts & crafts, explore their memories, provoking encounters and the cross-fertilization of disciplines, to take us far afield and further, towards unexplored landsâ&#x20AC;Ś

HOMETEXTILE

TREND

HOLY HARMONY Concept & Inspirations An extraordinary, boldly contemporary living environment, while paying tribute to classic, timeless quality. Modern romanticism and contemporary evanescence.elegance. Between a dandy rock nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; roll and romantic gothic spirit. Colors& Harmonies A palette of evanescent colored whites suffuses soft patinas across walls and floors. Glazed pastels, powdery pinks and grays blossom together in harmony, with a contrasting ray of shadow catching the light with streaks of charcoal or gilded brass. Motifs & Prints Digital prints of neo-classic flower bouquets. Stylized arabesques. Micro-geometrics: stripes, herringbones, octagons, polygons, tetragons, motifs evoking plaiting and weaving. A few insects and butterfliesâ&#x20AC;Ś Crackled, veiny skin or hide prints. Tone-on-tone motifs enlivened by pearly or metallic touches. A very Haute Couture spirit in the treatment of motifs. Materials & Finishings Hides, split suedes, pale natural leather. Linen, cotton, Egyptian cotton sateen, natural silks, percale. Iridescent polyester, viscose. Muslin, chiffon, tulles, gauzes, etamines. Chambray and yarndyes. Chintz. Lurex and metalloplastic yarns. Permanent pleats, blind pleats, lightly quilted boutis.Piping, bias and retroreflective braid trims. Precious embroideries and fringes.

Key Words

Diaphanous, Delicate, Rare, Precious Urban, Spare, Theatrical, Refined, Essential, Staged, Aesthete, Discreet

HOMETEXTILE

TREND

BILING BANG Concept & Inspirations These resolutely iconoclastic consumers seek singularity and the exceptional. In an urban environment, their living space is unique and luxurious, and everything in it perfectly staged. Obsessed by art and architecture, they enjoy contrasts and appreciate all that is rare, marrying a curio cabinet allure with an edgy contemporary style. This tireless collector is on the constant lookout for treasures. Colors & Harmonies On a strong, dark base of blood reds, wroughtiron blacks and coral, colors cultivate a strange beautiful-bizarre feeling. Aquatic gradations of blues and greens. Cool and warm tones echo one another with metallic phosphorescence and lights up the ensemble Motifs & Prints Stylized waves, droplets and undulations. Persian, cashmere, arabesques and intertwining motifs. Damasks, brocades and Jacquards over-printed and embroidered. Chinese and Japanese style motif inspiration. Antique botanical drawings. Surprising mixes of smudges, speckles, animal or fish skins and arabesques. Sensual, voluptuous flower motifs: roses, peonies, amaryllis and tulips (â&#x20AC;Ś) for digital prints. Surprising, whimsical motifs mainly treated on dark grounds. Nacre, phosphorescent shine. Materials & Finishings Flannel, shot velvet, cotton sateen and iridescent satins.Textured textiles: damasks, brocades, sculpted Jacquards. Metallic lacquered leathers. Animal and fish skins (shagreen, salmonâ&#x20AC;Ś). Over-printed and embroidered Jacquards. Metallized jewel highlights and accents. Gold or chrome cladding, opalescent and nacre finishes. Iridescent sequins and Rhodoid.

Key Words

Historic . Baroque . Surrealist . Intense . Aesthetic . Precious. Crazy . Sensual . Heady . Sensual . Disturbing . Theatrical . Bizarre . Incredible

HOMETEXTILE

Hall: 2 C 08

TREND

FLASH FUSION Concept & Inspirations Evoking sunny destinations. Dynamism and optimism for our bohemian, cosmopolitan consumer questing for elsewhere. A modernized, graphic, boldly contemporary exoticism creates the ambiance of this theme. Simplified, pared-down folkloric inspirations are elegant and updated. Colors & Harmonies Colors fuse and provoke thermal shocks in the heat of the dazzling sun. Shifting directly from warm to cool tones, Californian pink and spicy orange collide with cobalt blue and purple. Against a white, almost ecru background, a base of terracotta is refreshed by a shade of platinum silver. Motifs & Prints Psychedelic collages and digital prints. Graphic, optical motifs: targets, vanishing points, axes… Mini and maxi motifs are combined and associated with a flashy solid. Radiating rhythms. “Ikat” motifs and inspiration drawn from ethnic mosaics, modernized and geometricized. Exotic stylized animals and florals. Very enlarged placed motifs, smudge and brushstroke effects. Materials & Finishings Leathers, vegetable fibers, recycled yarns (linen, raffia, cotton, silk…) and synthetic materials: glazed vinyl, resin, foamback. Plastic, nylon or rubber yarns and tubes. Carpets and rugs in colorful plaited nylon or cord. Graphic quilting and button-padding. Sculpted rugs in fiber duos with fringed finishes. Contrast-colored piping and braid trims. Geometric plaiting and weaves. Macramé. Plaited rattan, cane and wicker. Fringed trims and contrast colored braids and piping. Geometrics may also adopt volume (embossing, blistering, sculpting…). Lacquered linen or glazed vinyl in daring colors. Pendants and knobs adopt the allure of brooches.

Key Words

Exotic . Cosmopolitan . Energetic . Fusion . Rhythmical . Convivial . Graphic . Optimist . Modern . Intense . Flamboyant . Popular

HOMETEXTILE

TREND

happy harlequin Concept & Inspirations In a friendly, pop spirit our consumer’s restore and repaint industrial buildings with amazing style, offering them a brand new lease of life. These enthusiasts of mixes and mash-ups compile and combine to create improbable encounters. For them the art of discovering is magical, they recycle and shake up conventions to create fresh, poetic fusions. Colors & Harmonies A rigorous structure of colors based on military beiges, khakis and taupey tones is diverted by a universal indigo blue. Fresh, pop, almost outdated tones dispel the veil of time, while a touch of lacquered gold lends tradition a sunny, flamboyant air. Motifs & Prints Motifs that produce relief, rhythm and optical effects. Colored facets and ridges: squares, diamond patterns, octagons and herringbones. A kinetic and optical spirit. Trompe-l’oeil cubes, perspective effects. Folkloric references are stylized and simplified: neo-Persian, neo-Indian. And styles are mixed: Japanese micro-motifs, Scottish plaids, African waxes, Indonesian batiks… Mini motifs / maxi motifs. Mosaics. Micro motifs are also combined with stylized florals. Amusing patchworks. Trompe-l’oeil knit and crochet prints. Digital prints. Materials & Finishings Cotton, satin, percale, recycled linen, sculpted velvet, corduroy and split suedes. Chintz and Jacquards. Patinated and shrunken grain hides and leathers. Chunky weaves for mohair plaids. Inclusions of lurex yarns for rugs. Pompoms in mismatching colors, braid friezes, contrasting piping, bias and braid trims. Straps and metal buckles (in a military style) for furniture and accessories. Weave and blanket-stitched finishes.

Key Words

Surprising . Discovery . Rigorous . Uncomplexed . Flamboyant. Whimsical . Recycling . Arts & Crafts . Offbeat . Folkloric . Dynamic . Modern . Fusion

HOMETEXTILE

Above and

14 – 17. 1. 2015

Frankfurt, Almanya

2015/2016 yepyeni trendleri “Experience” teması ile Hall 4.0’de meraklıları ile buluşuyor

DU: 06.08.2014

Daha fazla bilgi ve biletinizi almak için heimtextil.messefrankfurt.com info@turkey.messefrankfurt.com Tel. 0212 296 26 26

59427-005_HT_allg_Hometextile_230x330_tr • CD-Rom • ISO 39 • CMYK • tg: 06.08.2014

Dünyanın en büyük Uluslararası Ev Tekstil Ürünleri Fuarın’da 60’ı aşkın ülkenden katılımcılar ile tanışma fırsatı yakalayın! Ev Tekstil tasarımındaki son yenilikleri ve inanılmaz ölçüde çeşitlilik sunan yeni trendleri keşfetmek için şimdiden yerinizi alın. Yeni ilham fırsatları için en doğru adres!

Türkei

beyond

TREND

wonder wild Concept & Inspirations A seasonal ambiance bathed in serenity and plenitude. Our consumer singles out references to the wide-open spaces. A modern chalet in the country or the mountains nestled among the trees and built almost into the rock. Their home is cozy, warm and tender. Our consumer prefers to give pride of place to manual work and the discoveries of craftsmen. Colors & Harmonies The color palette in a subtle camaieu of shades seeks harmony and serenity. Browns, beiges, grays and smoked tones reproduce the hues of natural pigments. A touch of honey adds softness, while a hint of silver elicits light. Nothing must assail the eye. Motifs & Prints Homage to wild, stylized nature, shadows and silhouettes of trees, branches, stems and veins. Plant stylizations: grasses and buds.Tachist or line-drawn plants, random water-colored markings. Motifs employing sober lines and abstract graphics: giant brushstrokes, scratched, dripped, tie-dyed and shaded effects. Digital prints resembling superposed layers. Organic marbling and rhythms. Light and dark color contrasts. Materials & Finishings Lovely natural materials crafted employing contemporary artisanal methods. Importance of textured aspects. Textiles: oiled or patinated cottons, boiled wools and washed recycled linen in contrast with satins and percales. Waxed natural leathers. Plaited, woven or knitted vegetal fibers (sisal, abaca, wicker, straw…). Long-haired furs. Matte/shiny effects with viscose or cotton lamés. Jacquards and sculpted effects inspired by bark. Mixing rusticity (boiled wool, patinated cotton…) and refinement (crystal, pearls). Trompe-l’oeil of wood veins and knots. Log shapes in molded aluminum. Undulating embroideries. and white stabilized flowers. Burnt, waxed or paraffined finishes.

Key Words

Natural . Sophisticated . Romantic . Sensual . Intriguing . Organic . Warm . Wild . Gentle . Essential . Spare . Authentic . Refined

HOMETEXTILE

TREND

SUPER SHORE Concept & Inspirations An architect house opening onto the horizon, facing the ocean. The perfectly calm ambiance for daydreaming and contemplation, where our consumer in the search of a natural way of life favors simplicity. Seeking quality and gentleness, plenitude and harmony. Colors & Harmonies The marine world gives rise to a multitude of inspirations. An aquatic family of faded blues, indigo blues and greens assuage a range of gray tones. Rosy beige tints draw their inspiration from pearly metallic shells. Concept & Inspirations An architect house opening onto the horizon, facing the ocean. The perfectly calm ambiance for daydreaming and contemplation, where our consumer in the search of a natural way of life favors simplicity. Seeking quality and gentleness, plenitude and harmony. Colors & Harmonies The marine world gives rise to a multitude of inspirations. An aquatic family of faded blues, indigo blues and greens assuage a range of gray tones. Rosy beige tints draw their inspiration from pearly metallic shells. Motifs & Prints Inspirations of marine elements discovered along the seashore: shells, coral, cuttlefish bones, fossils and fishermen’s nets.“Seapunk” animal motifs, stylized jellyfish, octopuses, crustaceans and fish. Mixes of graphic rhythms: plaiting and weaving. Abstract motifs: ikats, watercolored effects, giant color shading, brushstrokes, spatters and traces, random dripping and tie-dyes (droplets, waves…) to combine with nacreous, pearlescent gleam. Metallic touches for discharge prints. Materials & Finishings Percale, cotton, washed linen. Dried vegetal fibers: sisal, abaca, palm and pineapple fibers… Stonewashed denim. Colored ropes and cords. Iridescent polyesters and viscose with shot effects, metalloplastic yarns. Contrast braid and piping trims, light wood or mother-of-pearl buttons and tassels. Frayed edges and fringes. Shell, coral and sea urchin textures. Fish skins: shagreen. Rattan, cane and wicker painted in light colors, or with metallic or pearlescent finishes.

HOMETEXTILE

Key Words

Natural . Simple . Refreshing Aquatic . Poetic . Tender . Calm . Responsible . Spontaneous . Federating . Sensual . Organic

COLORS

The language of colors There are many different ways to make your house look bigger than it actually is. But the cheapest way would be playing with colors… Dark colors make a wide room look small, whereas light shades create a wider effect on small spaces.

e’ve all been there: a lovely purple can be quite disturbing when applied on a curtain, or a wonderful green may give your couch the look of a giant mutated frog. If you’ve decided to change the color of your home but fear of saying “That was not what I was hoping for” after the work is done, here are a number of recommendations to facilitate your task! To create wider spaces If your ceilings are somewhat low, all you need to do is to paint your walls in dark shades and apply a light color on your ceiling. If you have a small house, never be tempted by fashion and paint your walls in dark colors. That would only make your house look even smaller. “Color charts” are nice tools which demonstrate the relationship between colors and personalities. After making your order of preferences out of this eight-colored chart, your personality type is interpreted. Your color preferences display your unconscious desires, lacks and hidden talents and may work as an efficient tool of personality improvement.

Considering that two third of our lives are spent indoors, the colors used for interior decoration and their effects on us become more important. Colors are among the crucial factors which effect our bonds with the environment. More than any other element, color may turn a monotonous and simple place into a vibrant one. Though we need to overcome the fear of being different and unique, which prevents us from playing with colors and lead to a discovery of ourselves, in order to bond with them. However, it should be kept in mind that too much color also creates imbalance as the lack of it. Colors should be used in balance, in order to experience their positive effects. Best results are obtained when colors are used together with their supplementaries. And by changing your wall color, you will achieve a more effective result than changing your furniture. When deciding on colors, take your personality as starting point. Here are the rest of the questions you should ask: 1. What will the space be used for? 2. How much light does it get? Is it basically light or dark? 3. What kind of natural colors does it possess? Investigate wooden, brick and stone elements. 4. Would you like an attractive and vibrant effect, or a peaceful and serene one? 5. Would you prefer a cool or a warm atmosphere? 6. Is the ceiling high or low? 7. Do you wish the room to look wider or smaller? 8. What is the room shape? Slender and lank, or wide and short? Imagine you wish to decorate a room using vibrant and attractive colors. These colors usually create a condensing effect. Red, pink, orange and yellow will give you the desired look. They give the best results when applied to active environments. You may decorate whole or a part of your kitchen like that. Among other places where vibrant colors would look good can be children’s playing rooms and dining rooms. On the other hand, you may be looking for a serene and soft atmosphere. Green, purple and blue create such an effect. These colors are ideal for bedrooms and offices. They also give a

HOMETEXTILE

refreshing and widening effect. LIVING ROOM The colors of the living room should be chosen parallel to the natural colors of the environment. Floor, fireplace, bricks and masonry should be taken as a starting point. No sharp contrasts are advisable between dark and lighter shades, as they draw too much attention. Yet this is a place dedicated to reading, listening to music, chatting and relaxing. When choosing the curtains or blinders, go for a slight contrast with the wall color. The rule of thumb is that the couches, carpets, and chairs ought to be a darker shade of the color of the walls. The basics for the living room decoration is enabling a mix of colors while avoiding sharp contrasts. For added stress, work on the colors of other elements such as flower vases, table lamps and plants. DINING ROOM A palette ranging from lighter to middle shades on the walls of the dining room will create a pleasant, friendly and inviting atmosphere. For such an effect, natural fruit tones are advisable. Try to keep away from

COLORS

shades of faded green or yellow, as they may remind of illness. Contrasting colors may be used on accessories like table cloth and napkins. As a general rule, bear in mind to let enough light in order to allow the colors of the food to be seen. KITCHEN Kitchen is rarely a place of rest. Therefore, choose your color from a warmer palette to enhance movement. These colors encourage attention, alertness and creativity. Contrasting colors may be chosen for the counter to reflect the light. A powerful source of light is essential in areas where darker colors are used. All towels, chinas, skillets and kitchen equipment would give you the chance to create contrast with your basic color. BEDROOM This is a place where peace and serenity should dominate. Therefore stay away from sharp contrasts and heavy colors; go for softer shades instead. Climate should be considered as well. Warmer colors are preferable in cold lands, whereas shades of blue help to create

HOMETEXTILE

a healthy and cooling effect in warm climate. CHILDRENâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S ROOM Tones of red, orange and yellow are advisable for the rooms of smaller children and toddlers, as they create a clear and vibrant atmosphere. Lighter shades of blue and green, on the contrary, are better for adolescent rooms. Dark colors should be avoided, and a good source of light is a must. BATHROOM Bathrooms are generally intact places. Thereefore, lighter tones are advisable in order to create a volumizing effect. As the tiles, the bath tub, the wash basin, and the toilet seat are stable elements, they should give you a starting point. White and ecru are good colors for bathrooms, for they are reminders of cleanliness and sanitation. A palette of blue, turquoise, aquamarine and green are also recommended. These colors represent natural elements and remind water, liveliness and vastness. Towels, toothbrushes, hair dryers etc enable you to use colors that contrast your basic palette

COLORS

R E D

O R A N G E

Y E L L O W

This is the color of physical strength, action and motion. It encourages to take initiation. it motivates to work; it is the opposite of indolence. Red is the archetype of passion and eros. Among its negative effects are rudeness, insensitivity, aggression and hostility. Its complementary is turquoise. Decorative use It’s ideal for places that foresees action, such as kitchen, children’s rooms, dance studios, discotheques and public places… Darker shades are not recommenable for they would create a much too intense and exhausting atmosphere. Red should not be used on walls and in environments where electrical equipment is in use.

Orange is an extrovertive and exciting color just like red, though it is more positive. Good health, motivity, creativity, trust, courage and communication are the traits of orange. It encourages happiness. Among the negative aspects are manipulation and domination. May lead to being pretentious. Its complementary color is blue. Decorative use Creates a warm environment in kitchen, children’s rooms, dining room and corridors. Orange should be used to encourage joy and happiness, and in vast spaces. It is not advisable for offices, studies and bedrooms.

Yellow is bright, cheerful and friendly. It encourages hope and represents humility, knowledge and wisdom. It is an inspiring color. Its negative aspects can be seen as hypocrisy and tendency to cheat. May also cause mental confusion. Its complementary is purple. Decorative use It is ideal for kitchen; but should be avoided in offices, as they arouse mental confusion. It is also not recommended for places of rest.

HOMETEXTILE

COLORS

G R E E N

T U R Q U O I S E

B L U E

Green is the color of sharing, cooperation, harmnony and generosity. It sooths, builds confidence and brings peace. Liberty is its natural energy. Green is the color of life, renovation and evolution. Its negative traits are recklessness, envy, suspicion and egoism. Lack of confidence and indolence are also among its negative aspects. Its complementary is magenta. Decorative use Lighter shades of green are suitable for kitchen, whereas darker shades are recommended for floor covering and tiles. It creates a peaceful effect when used on patios and entrances. Green is soothing in hospital rooms; but should be avoided in the habitats of people with a tendency for laziness.

Turquoise is the symbol of major changes and conversion. It is open-minded, altruistic and proud. It encourages alertness and motivates self expression. Among its negative traits are fear of life and timidity. It also creates the desire of emotional and mental abstraction. Its complementary is red. Decorative use Turquoise brings life and refreshes. It also gives a volumizing effect. Suitable for bedrooms and offices. For walls, its lighter shades are recommended.

Blue is the symbol of the spiritual world and deep passions. It represents serenity, trust and fidelity. It is the color of talent, beauty and responsibility. Blue presents peace, love and healing; encourages hope, faith and liberty. Its negative traits are seen in the form of constant search of self. Lack of trust, daydreaming and excessive emotionality are also among its negative side effects. It can lead to monotony and indolence. Its complementary is orange. Decorative use Blue is ideal for soothing and relaxing environments. Its lighter shades are great for bedrooms and meditation areas. It should be avoided in places where mobility and hardwork is required. Its darker tones create negative effects by encouraging indolence and melancholy.

HOMETEXTILE

PORTRAIT

A Traveller Adopting Our Textile Culture:

JOSEPHINE POWELL Deciding on wandering Turkey step by step since she adored Anatolian rug pattern when she came to Turkey in 1955 for the first time to research the Byzantine mosaics, the photographer and researcher Josephine Powell became the first foreigner who was allowed to wander all over the country. She made significant contribute on Turkish textile history with numerous photos taken by her.

osephine Powell, who born in 1919 in U.S., took charge in the studies performed to remove the issues of the refugees after World War II within the body of United Nations. She also discovered her interest in different cultures while she engaged in photography professionally as well. Powell arrived in Istanbul to realize research on Byzantine mosaics in 1955 when she moved in Rome, Italy. He admired a rug pattern while she was conducting her studies. This admiration dragged her to discover Anatolia step by step. She came frequently to Turkey even if she had not

HOMETEXTILE

PORTRAIT

Deeply in love with Anatolia, Josephine Powell photographed all colours of Anatolia she wandered all over. She documented with photographs the nomad style of life. She wrote academic papers about it. She started to gather Anatolian rugs, sacks and similar handicrafts and created a collection reflecting the role and importance of weaving in the rural regions of Anatolia. completely moved in and lived here for years. She made significant contribution on Turkish textile via her photos. The researcher also incited our women for weaving.

He Could Not Abandon Turkey Josephine Powell arrived in Turkey for the first time in 1955 to take the photos of Byzantine mosaics. She went on her first giant trip to Turkey in that period. She became the first foreigner who was allowed to wander all over the country after the establishment of the republic. She engaged with Turkish flat weaving and started to get information about the handicrafts directly from the nomads from Turkey. She tried to understand the purposes of these objects, what they were made of and the way they were developed. She started to collect Anatolian rugs, sacks and similar products and she create a collection which reflects

HOMETEXTILE

the role and importance of weaving in rural regions of Anatolia. Moreover, Powell led the establishment of Natural Dye Research and Development Project (DOBAG) which is the first woman cooperative of Turkey and aims to revive the natural dye art in Turkey and provide women to weave the carpets by using authentic patterns and natural dye.

“What Josephine Saw” Powell left many precious collections and photo archives in 2007 when she died. She donated her flat weaving and ethnographic object collections gathered from Anatolia and also the copies of photos to Vehbi Koc Foundation in 2006. ‘The Exhibition What Josephine Saw’ opened in 2012 at Koc University Research Center for Anatolia attracted great attention 2012. A book was published after the exhibition within the same name.

HISTORY

TEXTILE CULTURE AND FABRIC ART IN OTTOMAN Owning wide geography and rich cultural association, Ottoman culture was rich in fabric types. Tens of fabrics ranging from the fabrics, in which valuable materials are used such as gold and silver, besides fibres had been produced.

HOMETEXTILE

HISTORY

The Ottoman Period is quite rich and productive period in terms of textile production for both Turkish and Anatolian history. This rich heritage was created within the effect of various cultures and wide geography. Actually, Ottoman textile culture begins with Seljuks. All phases of patterns of silk, gold and silver wires and the weaving used in fabrics are brought under control by determining the rules binding Bursa, Edirne and Istanbul craftsmen. The weaving is cotton, wool, silky and linen. The cotton could never meet the needs despite its production in Anatolia and imported from India. The fabrics produced in Ottoman period are still being sought by the Western tourists and sold in Europe within high prices.

Importance of Sericulture Bursa has been the trade and industry center of raw silk imported from Iran in Ottoman period since 15th century. The silk trade had been provided to be performed under the control of the state since it procured a giant earning for the Treasure. The cocoon production started in 1587 and the cocoon production had been incited.

Value of Fabric The valuable fabrics had been used as treasure goods at Ottoman Palace; besides, caftan and fabrics had been sent to top ranking public servants, foreign sovereigns and envoys as gift. The caftan fabrics made of valuable materials are velour, seraser and zerbaft (weaving with gold). The warp and scarf of velour are made of silk and additional scarves forming the pattern are made of silk and silver or gold thread. The warp of seraser is made of silk and its scarf is made of silver or gold wire. The most valuable of Ottoman fabrics, zerbaft, some of whose motifs may be weaved gold wire, is a brocade type.

A Law Enacted Since the quality of the fabrics began to degrade in early 16th century, a law was enacted under the name of ‘Kanunname-i İhtisab’ı Bursa’ dated 1502 to prevent it. The wire figures, sizes and types of the fabrics are discussed in details in the articles of the law and the deficiencies and defects are signified. It is mentioned in the law that there are about a thousand of benches making deficient fabric and velvet in Bursa and around hundred of masters came for the testimony. It is enough to prove how the fabric and velvet art spreads in Bursa.

HOMETEXTILE

ANATOLIAN WEAVING

RUG CULTURE IN ANATOLIA AND REGIONAL RUG CHARACTERS Turkish rug designs took place on the paintings of many European artists such as Holbein, Lotto, Memling and Van Eyck during 14th and 16th centuries. Almost each European prince had their own special collection in early 16th century. The rugs in Vienna were allowed to be purchased after 1671. Many Turkish rugs were left inside the tents after Turkish abandoned Vienna. By this means, beautiful Turkish carpets have been recognized by European society..

he spread and development of Turkish rug and carpet weaving in Anatolia coincide with the Seljuq Empire period. The art of weaving was introduced to Anatolia by the Seljuq dynasty which experienced the most powerful period in late 11th century and early 12th century. Besides numerous carpets, many of which are still non-documented, there are Seljuq rooted 18 carpets and carpet pieces. The oldest Seljuq

HOMETEXTILE

carpets date back to 13th and 14th centuries. 8 of these carpets were found at Aleaddin Mosque in the capital of Seljuq, Konya. It is known that these carpets were weaved between the years 1220 and 1250 in Seljuq region. Another group of carpet remnants was found in 1935-1936 in Fostad (Old Cairo). These seven rugs and carpets, which had been found in Fostad, were documented to be weaved in 14th century in Anatolia. The common design feature of mentioned

ANATOLIAN WEAVING

18 rugs are kufic corners, 8 pointed star and geometric patterns. Middle Asia rooted Turkish rugs protect all their characteristic features until 14th century. The characteristic features of the patterns and their sizes changed in times after Ottomans captured the control in Anatolia. The rugs were sent to kings, queens and also army commanders as a gift in order to reinforce the relations with other countries in peace and war periods apart from daily use. These rugs started to enter into the European houses, churches and castles in late 14th century. Turkish rug designs took place on the paintings of many European artists such as Holbein, Lotto, Memling and Van Eyck during 14th and 16th centuries. Almost each European prince had their own special collection in early 16th century. The rugs in Vienna were allowed to be purchased after 1671. Many Turkish rugs were

HOMETEXTILE

left inside the tents after Turkish abandoned Vienna. By this means, beautiful Turkish carpets have been recognized by European society. After a while, European king and queens opened their castles and palaces for visits. Thus, it increased the attraction and demand towards Turkish rugs. The Anatolian rugs protected their purity and characteristic features from Middle Asia to plain and coastline of Anatolia during the development process. Turkish palace rugs were inspired by the resources dominated by Turkish and underwent changes according to Turkish standard and requirements. The rugs acquired its value in Europe during that period. The rugs of the regions such as Hereke, Usak and Bergama became famous in time. The design, colour and symbols of Anatolian rugs are incredibly rich.

ENVIRONMENT

IF IT IS MANUFACTURED IN TURKEY, THEN IT IS NOT “HARMFULL” According to recent global public opinion, some textile products may harm people and nature. Developed countries strive to prevent the usage of such substances in these products. uring the manufacturing process, textile products are exposed to a wide variety of chemical substances and processes. These substances and processes are necessary to equip those products with additional features. However, some substances may cause various health problems and also pollution if they are thrown into nature without being processed. Particularly azoic dyes and those products in which these substances are used are banned from being sold in European Union

HOMETEXTILE

countries and in the USA. Up until today, official authorities have focused on readymade garments; however, now, home textile products are also under a strict inspection. They recommend consumers to be more careful regarding home textile products which we use as covers or towels for wiping our hands or face. While those products made in Turkey are granted with top scores in all kinds of inspections, Turkish official authorities strictly inspect home textile manufacturers. This is

why their trust is increasing day by day.

What is ‘Azo Coloring’ Agent? Azo coloring agent is used in textile dyes. The cancerogenic substance ‘arylamine’ is included in some of these agents. In some countries, it is free to export products only if they include at most 30 ppm of azo coloring agent while in some other countries, this amount is higher. 30 ppm refers to 30

ENVIRONMENT

As a manufacturer of both Turkish and worldrenowned brands, Turkey attaches priority to human health and nature regarding textile products. Manufacturing firms are inspected within the scope of quality and environmental certificates and also by public enterprises.

milliliters of azo coloring agent in 1 million liters of dye.

Problems Caused By Coloring Agents Natural coloring agents may be defined as the agents which are present in the structures of root-stem, leave, fruit and fruit coat of the plants in nature; and generally, in the biological compositions of crustaceans, snails and cochineal among animals. Natural coloring agents are examined in two main groups, such as animal and herbal substances. Both groups are practically harmless to human health and nature. Synthetic coloring agents were developed in the mid-19th century when chemical

HOMETEXTILE

compositions of natural agents were researched. Compared to natural coloring agents, synthetic coloring agents have provided more affordable costs thanks to ready petrochemical raw materials. Seventy percent of in-use coloring agents belong to the azo class. Some of them are cancerogenic. Approximately, 130 of 3200 azo coloring agents, used in the market, are determined to have a cancerogenic effect as a result of reductive fragmentation under certain conditions.

by frequently updated legal regulations. In addition to the Ministry of Industry and Health, many other official institutions carry out research and inspections in order to get healthy products manufactured. Also, being in close cooperation with the EU and USA for years, Turkey and Turkish firms can quickly respond to the changes in legal regulations of exporter countries. Those firms which were granted many certificates, such as OKO-TEX, may easily obtain all other certificates.

Trustworthy Applications in Turkey

Global Brands Cause New Regulations

Turkey keeps those substances used in textile manufacturing under close inspection

In the past few months, some of the worldwide known ready-made garment brands recalled

ENVIRONMENT

The Turkish home textile sector is the most important business partner of European Union countries which carry out the strictest inspections in export activities. This cooperation is one of the leading proofs indicating the importance attached to the human health and nature by Turkish manufacturers.

products which were manufactured outside of Turkey through newspaper advertisement. Those products which were recalled because they included cancerogenic substances brought foreign manufacturing processes to Turkey.

A Project in Coordination with Greenpeace Upon the recent developments, the Turkish Textile Finishing Sector came together with an environmental organization, Greenpeace, in a meeting and launched projects one after another in order to spread the idea that ‘The textile products manufactured in Turkey do not harm human health and nature”. Head of the Turkish Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industrialists’ Association (TTTSD), Vehbi Canpolat, said that they have a busy schedule in this field and added that, “A very strict

HOMETEXTILE

inspection started. From now on, we will record which dye and chemical substance is used in which lot and phase. The whole sector is transforming in order to be able to submit such data whenever requested. For the following periods, the only thing which will support the Turkish textile sector will be the global’ respectful to human and nature’ image of finishing industrialists. We will do our best on this subject”.

Also Sensitive to Nature As well as human health, they also place great emphasis on nature. Turkish firms breed fish in fisheries work in a way that ensures they are prepared for any kind of international inspection at any time. Being rigorous in treatment and recycling issues, the Turkish authorities impose

various penalties on those firms which do not obey the rules, varying from fines to termination of activity.

Huge Investment in Treatment and Recycling New environmental investments are on the way for the textile finishing firms which are situated mostly in the Cerkezkoy and Thrace Regions. Primarily, two organized industrial zones, specifically for those textile firms using intense chemical substances, are currently under construction. These investments which will be realized by means of the advanced technology will be a model for the rest of the world. In addition, it is stated that the factories which are currently active in Cerkezkoy will make an additional treatment investment of approximately $50 million a year.

uring he ages in which speculative explanations were being made as the scientific ones were imposible to be made, people felt the need for expressing their thoughts with symbols and sings. Therefore, abstract concepts became concrete by using signs and symbols . these symbols, despite of belonging to the past, are now being used with other elements as decorating themes in handicrafts.

HOMETEXTILE

E ID

K I S R HE U T M N I B R S L

SYM BO

embroIdery

here ara some feelings that cannot be perceived with senses. For example; ideas about nature , religion , God ,magic and customs and beliefs which are dominant in the society we live inâ&#x20AC;Ś During he ages in which speculative explanations were being made as the scientific ones were imposible to be made, people felt the need for expressing their thoughts with symbols and sings. Therefore, abstract concepts became concrete by using signs and symbols . these symbols, despite of belonging to the past, are now being used with other elements as decorating themes in handicrafts. Handcrafts were widespread and developed in Anatolia, too. Motifs which were used all over Anatolia expressed the emotions, thoughts , love and desires of their creators. Creatures taken from nature , daily used objects, architectural elements, heroes in fairy tales have joined the artistâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own world of ideas and became a source of inspirations for him. People of Anatolia are silent as a result of their traditions. Motifs have been a language

HOMETEXTILE

for them to express their ideas . We can list these motifs which express our peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s emotions as: Handfuls of Gold: It was used to express the intrest of Anatolian women for jewelry. It symbolized the gold coins composed on a cord in order to be used as necklace around neck or chest. The thread to which the gold was applied was in the shape of branch while the circles around it symbolized

the gold coins. Motif were enriched with the additon of leaves between the golden branches. Grape and Vine Leaves: This motif has usually been used in the embroideries of the Aegean Region and symbolized the viniculture in that region. Grape symbolized the fertility and vine leaves symbolized sadness and departure. When branchesof vine were used with vine

embroIdery

leaves and grape, they symbolized half-happiness. Melon-Watermelon: Tih motif has symbolized ‘’fertility’’ for centuries. Melon and Watermelon motifs have been used with the thougt of fertility, many children and wealthiness. Dagger: It has symbolized ‘’passionate love’’. Lovebird: It has symbolized the relationship and love between man and woman . Clove pink: It reminds people of fan and was also named as ‘’fan motif’’ and it was used in a very stylistic way. Lion: It has been used as the symbol ao power and courage. Cypress: It is a four –season green, thin and tall tree with an original odor. It has a sad effect on people because it was mostly planted in the graveyards.It symbolizes death. This motif hes been used very often because it gives people a massage about living their lives knowing that they will die someday. Tulip: It symbolized the conceited people who are in charge. This motif has been carefully used because when it is written in Arabic, it includes the word ‘’Allah’’ in its letters. Amulet: It is an object which people carries to protect themselves from the evil eye, illness, badness and unknown forces. Therefore amulet is embroidered to trousseaus of young ladies and it is put in such a way that it can be seen by everyone. Itis believed that , as a result of this people who come to see the trousseau will first see the amulet and thus the trousseau will be protected against the evil eye. The willingness for resisting against unknown powers is symbolzied in this way. Waterewer: It has an important role in art of embroidery as aresult of the iöportance given to purity with the effect os Islamic beliefs. Pomegranate: this motif was used by the people living in the place and the ones who were close to them. That’s why it is believed to be belonged to the palace. Sultans and statesmen used to wear clothes to which motifs od pomegranate had been embroidered in the formal meetings in order to express their respect to he other persons as well as showing how much importance he was given. Pomegranate motif was not used in the clothes that were made for the below parts of the body (like shoes, waistband…); it was used in the clothes made or the upper parts of the body ( like quilted turbans). Promogranate symbolized the world, while the grains in it symbolized the people who had different languages, religions and races. Snake: It symbolized the darkness, mystery, uncertainty and good luck against illness and evildoers. Members of Turkman nomadic tribes used to put the figures of snakes and centipedes on their tents and on the clothes which they spread on the floor and expressed taht they were not afraid of them and they believed to be protected by the help of these figures. Shahmaran: Shahmaran, who resembled a snake with its lower parts of her body as well as being a very beatiful girl when looked at the upper parts of her body, is a legendary tale heroin who ruled the snakes. Life tree: It symbolizes the races originated from the same source, and the wish for along, healthy family life with many children. Passion Flower: This motif symbolizes a long, healthy life and the turning of the world. Because the number of child deaths is high in Southeast Anatolia, this motif is embroidered on the swaddling clothes in order to protect new-born babies against death. Handkerchief: Unembroidered handkerchief is the symbol of departure. Girl or boy who sends an unembroidered handkerchief to his/her lover implies that he/ she wants to break off. According to Anatolian traditions, if an unembroidered handkerchief is sent to boy’s family from the family of a girl that means girl’s parents don’t allow them to get married. But if all four edges of the handkerchief is embroidered, that means “we elet you marry our daughter’’. If we should define the motif which are the symbols of silence with an aphorism; ‘’Silence generally determines the values and judgements of the public much more strongly than words.’’ Benjamin Disraeli

HOMETEXTILE

TRAVEL

MARDIN, CRADLE OF CIVILIZATIONS Dating back 7000 years ago, Mardin is a charming city that has been host to the Aramean, Assyrian, Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Syriac, Persian, Byzantine, Arabian, Seljuk, Artuqid and Ottoman Civilizations. Mardin is a unique city where natives live in peace and Turkish, Arabic, Kurdish and Syriac are all native languages. 90

HOMETEXTILE

ith its historical stone buildings surviving through centuries, Mardin is an ancient and pretty city. Established 7000 years ago, until today, the city has hosted 30 civilizations, including Aramean, Assyrian, Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Syriac, Persian, Byzantine, Arabian, Seljuk, Artuqid and Ottoman. Mardin is a unique city where natives live in peace and Turkish, Arabic, Kurdish and Syriac are all native languages. The multi-cultural structure of this city is also reflected in historical artifacts. Visitors can take a trip through history by visiting the

mosques and madrasahs built by Artuqids, Assyrian churches and stone-built mansions, constructed by natives, which still stand as historical monuments. Nine years ago, the city governors applied to UNESCO in order to be listed in the World Heritage Sites List; however, they did not receive a favorable reply due to the fact that the historic ambiance of the city has been damaged by concrete buildings. It has been planned that 560 concrete buildings, located within the protected area, will be completely demolished in 2013 and the city will make another application in order to be listed in

the World Heritage Site List in 2014. As part of a project worth nine million Euros and granted by Europe, the stores along the ‘First Road’ (Birinci Cadde) are currently under renovation in compliance with the historic ambiance. Following Venice, Mardin is the world’s second city where the architectural structure is intact. Mardin is situated on a majestic hill facing the river heading towards Syria. When Mardin’s inclined geographical position combines with the harmonious stone buildings, which were constructed in a way that each has a clear vista, gives a picturesque silhouette

HOMETEXTILE

TRAVEL

to the city. The yellow calcareous stone (limestone), which is extracted in this region, is a soft compound; therefore, it is suitable to be processed and embellished. The skilled hands of the limestone artisans shaped and embellished this yellow stone for thousands of years and city’s buildings were constructed with these stones with spectacular figures. Based on its chemical structure, limestone is soft at the beginning and then, hardens when it is exposed to sunlight. This is the secret behind those embellished and time-defying stone mosques, madrasahs, churches and mansions. In this city, none of the buildings has a roof; instead, all were constructed with a terrace at the top. Summers are very hot in this city; this is why people sleep on their

HOMETEXTILE

terraces in hot summer months.

Places to visit in Mardin After visiting Mor Benham Church, our second destination is Mardin Museum situated beside the Ataturk monument in Cumhuriyet (Republic) Square. Built in 1885 with engraved stones as an Assyrian Catholic Patriarchate, this building has served as a museum since 1995. Mesopotamia’s wealth is exhibited in the museum. In the museum, you can see various objects, iron articles and also seals, species, ceramics, oil-lamps, tear bottles, jewelries, filigrees and clothes belonging to the Urartu, Persian, Byzantium, Artuqid and Ottoman periods, made in the early, middle and late bronze ages. Here,

another point which is worth seeing is the Virgin Mary Church, which is located next to the museum. The church is notable for its wooden engravings. Before leaving the square, you shouldn’t miss Latifiye Mosque, which was built in 1314 in the Artuqid Period by Abdullatif bin Abdullah, and whose mosque shelters the most important examples of stone dressing on its walls. As we leave this mosque, we head to the building which is now used as Gazipasa Primary School. Decorated with various stone engravings, this building was constructed by using 146 kg gold in 1908. Taken over from an Armenian family, it was transformed into a school in 1937. Mardin Bazaar was built in the 16th century.

TRAVEL

Other Places Worth Visiting Other places that guests should visit are Altun Boga Madrasah, Sah Sultan Hatun Madrasah, Husamiye Madrasah, Muzafferiye Madrasah, Savur Kapi Madrasah, Melik Mansur Madrasah, Mar Yusuf Church, Virgin Mary Church, the 17th century monument Caravansary, House of Sahtana Family built in 1890, the old governor’s mansion and military barracks constructed in the late 19th century, the 14th century monument Bab-es-sur Mosque, Savurkapı Turkish Bath constructed in the late 12th century, Hamza-i Kebir Zawiyah built in 1438, the 13th century monument Firdevs Pavillon, Sultan Turkish Bath, Revakli Bazaar constructed in 17th century, the 15th century monument Kayseriye Grand Bazaar (Bedesten), the 5th century monument Mar Mihail Church, and the 15th century monument Cihangirbey Zawiyah.

There are coppersmiths, pack saddle sellers, shoe sellers, carpenters and spice sellers in the bazaar. Do not get surprised about what a pack saddle seller is; the garbage is still collected by donkeys, charged by municipalities, in the steep and narrow stone streets which are not accessible by vehicles. You can also find home-made soap bars, made of bıttım which is a wild kind of Turkish Antep Peanut. People usually prefer the stores on the First Street (Birinci Cadde) for shopping. In these stores, you can find

HOMETEXTILE

silver-made jewelries and filigrees made by the skilled hands of Assyrian artisans.

Artuqids’ Rich Heritage Following the Great Mosque, another building you should visit is the Zinciriye Madrasah which was constructed by Artuqids in 1385. It is also known as Sultan Isa Madrasah in the name of the ruler who ordered the construction of this building. Zinciriye is located at a peak point. The reason is that there exists an observatory section in the madrasah. According to the

world’s most important authority regarding the history of science, Prof. Dr. Fuat Sezgin, there was an Islamic civilization period, lasting for centuries, between Greek and Western Civilizations. In this period, there were sky observatories on the Islamic geography. While entering Zinciriye Madrasah, please pay attention to the stone works on the crown gate and the 99 names of God engraved on it. Sultan Isa mausoleum is also located in this madrasah; moreover, you can see many inscriptions here.

TRAVEL

Deyrulzafaran Monastery Your next stop is the Mardin Castle. Once you are at the castle located at the peak of the city, you can take as many photos as you want of the bewitching city and its broad plains reaching over Syria. The old PTT building (General Directorate of Post and Telegraph Organization), which is now assigned as a Tourism Vocational High School by Artuklu University, is another historical building worth seeing. Hatuniye Madrasah is an Artuqid monument constructed in 1177. The madrasah is a double storey structure with two iwans and a porched courtyard. The building which is located next to the madrasah is the Sitraziye Mosque which was built in the same year by the order of Artuqid Governor Kutbeddin Ilgazi’s mother. In the mosque, there is also a footprint which is considered to belong to Muhammad the Last Prophet as is the one in Topkapi Palace. Kasimiye Madrasah is another important Artuqid monument in the city. Although construction works of this building started in the Artuqid Period, due to the Mongolian attacks, the halfconstructed structure was completed in the late 15th century during the Aqqoyunlu Dynasty, Sultan Kasim bin Cihangir period. As an example of Artuqid architecture, this madrasah, which is now a university, served as a center of science in the years following World War I. There are prayer rooms both on the east side and the west side of the Madrasah. Also, a pool is located in the courtyard symbolizing the phases of human

HOMETEXTILE

life from birth to death. There are 23 rooms in the madrasah.

Deyrulzafaran Monastery Deyrulzafaran Monastery is another place worth visiting for guests. Situated at a distance of 4km to Mardin, the monastery was constructed in the 5th century. It is currently in use. While visiting this place, if you open the black curtains by mistake, you will see Assyrians confessing to the priest. In the monastery, there are a Syriac Bible, a holy stone and mosaics belonging to the period in which the building was constructed. As it is in use, its guests can feel the History of Deyrulzafaran. As the most important characteristic of this monastery, it holds tombs of 52 Assyrian Patriarchs inside.

What to Eat Stuffed lamb ribs is the most famous food which is particular to Mardin. This food is made by mixing the ribs of the lamb with rice; try it once and you won’t forget the taste. Other local foods you should try are bacanak soup with yoghurt, rice and carrots, alucia - lamb stew with plums, rice with almonds and vegetables, lentil balls with eggs and coriander, sembusek like Turkish lahmacun, an appetizer with wheat and chickpea puree, date desserts with walnut, and rice pudding made with coriander and pimento. Do not forget to drink mırra (the traditional bitter coffee of Mardin) after eating your meal. Take it with little sips because it is a very strong coffee.

CUISINE

THE OTTOMAN CUISINE Vedat BaĹ&#x;aran

The multi-national character of and the abovementioned regional migrations or journeys have resulted in an extraordinarily wide-ranging Ottoman cuisine. In short, the Ottoman reign in Anatolia brought together the food culture of thousands of years old Anatolian civilizations and added her own interpretation and innovations before presenting it to the global culture.

HOMETEXTILE

CUISINE

he imperial territories cover the geography of regions on which the most important civilizations of the world were established. These territories consist of mosaic of nations with different religions, languages and races. These communities, which for long years lived in together in peace, transferred all kinds of customs and tradition to each other. In addition to this interaction, people have always rushed and flooded into Anatolia, the favorite of the grand empire, due to strategic, economic (the silk road), religious (pilgrimage route for Christians, Jews and Muslims) reasons, under different purposes and ambitions. These new arrivals have not only left their traces in Anato足lia, but they have also been influenced by the settled communities. The multi-national character of and the above-mentioned regional migrations or journeys have resulted in an extraordinarily wide-ranging Ottoman cuisine. In short, the Ottoman reign in Anatolia brought together the food culture of thousands of years old Anatolian civilizations and added her own interpretation and innovations before presenting it to the global culture. The Ottomans who had a very high regard for taste were very open to novelties in

100

HOMETEXTILE

PARIS

SINGAPORE

MIAMI BEACH

SEPT. 5-9,2014 JAN. 23-27, 2015

MARCH 10-13, 2015

MAY 12-15, 2015

LET’S CALL THE WORLD MAISON

WWW.MAISON-OBJET.COM

INFO@SAFISALONS.FR SAFI ORGANISATION, A SUBSIDIARY OF ATELIERS D’ART DE FRANCE AND REED EXPOSITIONS FRANCE / TRADE ONLY / DESIGN © BE-POLES

CUISINE

their cuisines. They created many recipes for aubergine, a vegetable originating from China and India. They even peeled the green parts of aubergine stalks and used them as shish for red meat. Because, they knew that the tiniest bit of aroma in that aubergine stalk would be transferred to the meat with the help of the heat. For fish, they used laurel branches as shish sticks. They discovered natural tastes from nature itself, using any edible leaf they found (hazelnut leaves, cherry leaves, pepper-plant leaves and horse chestnut etc leaves) and wrapping them around inventive fillings. Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror died before seeing the tomato, pepper and potato. When first introduced to the Ottoman cuisine tomatoes were consumed green, and were disposed of when they got red. However, they made soup, stew, stuffed vegetables, tomato paste, cold olive-oil plates and various pickles with green tomato. In other words, the Ottomans were quick to accept a newly introduced material and adopt it to their own tastes. They were so successful in their treatment of pepper, that the Ottoman pepper got famous all around the world. Although coffee was not cultivated in Anatolia, the Ottomans produced the Turkish coffee which is a global brand-name now. These examples are proof that the Ottomans have always been

102

HOMETEXTILE

International Trade Fair for Producers of Upholstery, Window & Wall Coverings Moving to the gorgeous Hall 5, the Patio and Hall 8

moodbrussels.com facebook.com/moodbrussels twitter.com/moodbrussels

MoOD is organised by Textirama vzw, Poortakkerstraat 90, BE-9051 Gent, Belgium Phone +32 9 24 38 450 - fax +32 9 24 38 455 email: info@moodbrussels.com

The Finest Fabric Show is in Brussels, September 9 -10 -11, 2014

CUISINE

open to new tastes and new cooking techniques. Until Tanzimat, the period of administrative reforms, the Ottomans remained under the influence of Middle Eastern and eastern cultures, but after the Tanzimat, they showed much interest in the western culture. Naturally, changes were inevitable in the Ottoman customs of wining and dining. Before these changes, food was accepted as a blessed gift of God and was eaten on low tables or trays, sitting in positions resembling prayers, with heads lowered and in silence. When finished, the diners retired to other rooms for warm conversations accompanied with coffee and tobacco. However, after the Tanzimat, the dining habits took on the nature of feasts as in the West, and took its place in our culture as a way of leisure. The addition of alcoholic drinks to the tables increased the length of dinners, and made them an indispensable habit with the addition of music, a habit and indulgence which has survived until this date. The types of food laid on the table got richer; in particular, smoked or pickled fish varieties, appetizer and olive-oil colds started to appear on most tables. Adopting the table settings of the West, the Ottomans preferred to preserve their own traditional recipes with only touches from the changing world.

104

HOMETEXTILE