The Dispatch

The monthly magazine of the Texas Military Forces January 2012

Spartan Race 2011 5 Tricare Reserve Select 9 Promotion at the Capitol 10

56th Warfighter Promotion at the Capitol

In the Dispatch: 4

With redesigned curriculum, TXSG starts new OCS class

5

TXANG sponsors Spartan Run 2011

6

National Guard and Reserve job fair- DFW

7

DOD releases Sexual Assault report, new policies

8

Wing chaplain assistant returns home

10 New TXANG chief promoted at Capitol

No more Tricare

Ft. Concho

11 56 IBCT completes “Warfighter” exercise 12 TXSG announces enlisted members of the year 13 Rules restrict political activity by DoD personnel 15 Band of bloggers- The Sandbox 16 New Year’s resolutions, Army-style 17 Take a look in the mirror 18 News briefs 19 Military History- Happy Birthday to the Guard 2 THE DISPATCH January 2012

Resolutions Spartan warriors race to the top of the rope climb through the chilling waters during the Spartan Race sponsored by the Air National Guard at Glen Rose, Texas, Dec. 3, 2011. (Air National Guard photo by Senior Master Sgt. Elizabeth Gilbert)

The Bulletin Board

Vol. 7, No. 1 January, 2012

Dover Mortuary Process Changed

As soon as officials at the Air Force Port Mortuary in Dover, Del., realized cremated and incinerated servicemember remains were being disposed of in a landfill, they changed the process. A retirement-at-sea option has been available since 2008 for subsequently-identified remains. The remains are cremated and placed in a sea-salt urn. The mortuary arranges with the Navy to have the retirement at sea. An Air Force hotline, 855-637-2583, has been set up for families who have questions about the processes the mortuary used. Families with questions can also e-mail officials at dover.pm@pentagon.af.mil.

New VA Facebook Pages

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has announced that all of its 152 medical centers are now actively represented on Facebook. Currently, the VA has 150 Facebook pages, 64 Twitter feeds, a YouTube channel, a Flickr page, and the VAntage Point blog. VA clinicians cannot discuss the specific health concerns of individual veterans on Facebook, but that does not prevent staff from monitoring VA’s sites closely each day to provide helpful information to veterans when they can. For more information, visit the Directory of All VA Social Media Sites at http://www.va.gov/opa/SocialMedia.asp and the VA Facebook Page Directory at https://www.facebook.com/VeteransAffairs?sk=app_7146470109.

Problems with Vet Owned Business Program

The U.S. Veterans Affairs Inspector General’s office has estimated $500 million worth of VA contracts through the Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business Program go to ineligible businesses each year. After a review, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) found 1,800 companies were not eligible. Of the 1,800, 70 were referred for criminal prosecution, according to a recent report by the Government Accountability Office (GAO). Related reports are available on the GAO website at http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-152R and the VA Office of Inspector General website at http://www.va.gov/oig/publications/reportsummary.asp?id=1225.

Report Says Country Not Prepared

A recent Joint House and Senate Homeland Security committee hearing was held on “Homegrown Terrorism: The Threat to Military Communities Inside the United States.” The session focused on a 14-page House Homeland Security Committee report that states that there are “serious gaps” in the “military’s preparedness for attacks against its personnel, dependents and facilities.” The report on domestic threats to military interests can be viewed online at http:// homeland.house.gov/sites/homeland.house.gov/files/Investigative_Report_ Homegrown_Terrorism_Military.pdf.

Resources for Entrepreneurial Vets

Veterans who run or are considering starting their own companies should check with their local colleges and Small Business Development Centers to see if they offer training specifically for veterans. At 16 Veterans Business Outreach Centers, the Small Business Administration (SBA) offers veterans business plan workshops, mentoring, and feasibility analysis. For more information, visit the SBA website at http://www.sba.gov/content/small-business-development-centerssbdcs and the Veterans Outreach Center page at http://www.sba.gov/content/ veterans-business-outreach-centers.

Governor Gov. Rick Perry

The Adjutant General Maj. Gen. John F. Nichols Director of Public Affairs Col. William Meehan Public Affairs Officer Lt. Col. Amy Cook

Public Affairs Deputy Director Maj. Deborah Molnar Public Affairs NCOIC Staff Sgt. Jennifer D. Atkinson Public Affairs Staff Staff Sgt. Malcolm McClendon Staff Sgt. Eric Wilson Staff Sgt. Phil Fountain Spc. Maria Moy John Thibodeau Laura Lopez Managing Editor Staff Sgt. Jennifer D. Atkinson Contributing Writers and Photographers Lt. Col. James D. Crabree Maj. Michael Quinn Sullivan Col. Robert Hastings Senior Master Sgt. Elizabeth Gilbert Senior Master Sgt. Chip Coleman Master Sgt. Dale Hanson Staff Sgt. Phil Fountain Staff Sgt. Eric Wilson Sgt. Robert G. Cooper III Karen Parrish Donna Miles Bill Boehm Toygar Ayla Fadell Pitts * The Dispatch is an authorized publication for members of the Texas Military Forces and the Department of Defense. Contents of the Dispatch are not necessarily the official views of, or endorsed by, the U.S. Government, the National Guard Bureau, the State of Texas, the Adjutant General’s Department of Texas, or the Texas Military Forces. * The editorial content of this publication is the responsibility of the Texas Military Forces Public Affairs Officer. * Printed by Kinko’s, a private firm in no way connected with the U.S. Government under exclusive written contract with the Texas Military Forces. * The appearance of advertising in this publication, including inserts or supplements, does not constitute endorsement of the products or services advertised by the U.S. Army or Kinko’s. * Everything advertised in this publication will be made available for purchase, use, or patronage without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, marital status, physical handicap, political affiliation, or any other nonmerit factor of the purchaser, user, or patron. If a violation or rejection of this equal opportunity policy by an advertiser is confirmed, the publisher will refuse to print advertising from that source until the violation is corrected. * Content is edited, prepared and provided by the Texas Joint Military Forces Public Affairs Office, Bldg. 10, 2200 W. 35th Street, Camp Mabry, Austin, Texas.

78703.

With redesigned curriculum, new State Guard OCS class begins Story and photo by Maj. Michael Quinn Sullivan Texas State Guard Public Affairs

AUSTIN, Texas – With an emphasis on practical leadership development, the Texas State Guard’s redesigned Officer Candidate School (OCS) has begun with 17 soldiers starting their journey to second lieutenant.

“The only person who is going to beat you out of being an officer is you,” OCS Commander Col. Tom Hamilton told the candidates on the first evening. “An officer isn’t what you do, it’s who you are.”

A revised OCS curriculum has been more than 18 months in the making, designed with the specific needs and mission of the TXSG in mind.

“This is an investment in the future of the Guard… We want leaders who will be prepared to handle what they aren’t prepared for,” Hamilton said earlier in the evening, as the candidates processed in Building 32 at Camp Mabry. “There’s always one more thing to do, one more task.”

Being prepared to handle those tasks is what attracted JoAnna Kearns of Leander to pursue the challenges presented by OCS. She currently serves as S1 for the 2nd Battalion of the 2nd Regiment.

“It seemed to fit,” said Kearns, an insurance broker whose husband is also in the TXSG. “I like to try to keep things going, keep things moving and organized.”

Most blood donations collected at Ft. Hood are shipped to battlefields in Iraq or Afghanistan within four days of collection.

Over 40 units of blood may be needed for a single injured Soldier.

Your donation may save: -A servicemember injured in action -A child with cancer Donation centers located at Ft. Hood, Ft. Sam Houston, and Lackland Air Force Base.

For more information, or to schedule an appointment, visit www.militaryblood.dod. mil/donors/default.aspx 4 THE DISPATCH January 2012

She will have the opportunity for that. Candidates spend two to three days a month at Camp Mabry, through the six-month program, sitting through course lectures, practical exercises and physical training. They also have at-home assignment to be completed in the intervening weeks.

Hamilton said the OCS program developed for the TXSG is fundamentally different than a program for the U.S. Army or National Guard, recognizing that often soldiers going through the program are older with more life experiences under their belt.

“These are all very smart, very mature and capable people,” he said. “We have a pilot, an attorney, folks with multiple advanced degrees. Each one of them is incredibly impressive on their own.”

Maj. Troy Evanovich, the OCS executive officer, clearly agreed with his boss’ assessment. But, he also told the candidates during their in-brief, that the program will require them to “rely on each other.”

“You cannot do this alone,” he said.

“Leadership includes recognizing you need the support of those around you.”

Air National Guard sponsors Spartan Race 2011 Story and photos by Senior Master Sgt. Elizabeth Gilbert 136th Airlift Wing Public Affairs

getting people off their couch, getting people motivated, to get in good shape and live a healthy lifestyle," said Guyette.

Spartan Race is an international obstacle racing series with

GLEN ROSE, Texas—Ah-roo!

Ah-roo! Ah-roo! was the chant bellowed by approximately 300 Spartan warriors as they formed up at the starting line to begin the first heat of the 2011 Spartan Race held here at the Rough Creek Lodge and Resort, Dec. 3.

The race's major sponsor is the Air National Guard and part of the proceeds benefit Homes for our Troops. Master Sgt. Bobby Shepard, 136th Airlift Wing, recruiter, Texas Air National Guard rewarded each warrior crossing the finish line with a commemorative towel to wipe off the mud.

"The Spartan Race is all about

Today, the Spartan Race attracts the young and old, strong and meek, males and females, and those who rise up to the challenge.

"Every warrior here has one mind set, 'finish the race.’ You will know how it feels once you reach the finish line...exhilarating!" concluded Guyette.

Top- Spartan warriors struggle to climb a slippery wall coated with liquid soap during the Spartan Race sponsored by the Air National Guard at Glen Rose, Texas, Dec. 3, 2011. The wall obstacle is extremely difficult to climb without teamwork and camaraderie.

Center- Spartan warriors race to the top of. the rope climb through the chilling waters during the Spartan Race sponsored by the Air National Guard. The rope climb tests their strength and agility, requiring a climb to the top to ring the bell after conquering a dozen obstacles within three miles.

More than 3,100 warriors participated in a grueling foot race to test determination, endurance and camaraderie. The course consisted of 12 heats over three courses filled with various obstacles and lots of mud.

"The rain made it extra muddy," said Patrick Guyette, sponsorship director for the U.S. Spartan Race, "This is the first time that we held the race here in the Dallas area. The response was tremendous! The rain made it more challenging."

race in the woods of Vermont," said Guyette. "The founders wanted to design a course for those who did not want to be out in the woods for 24 hours."

Bottom-Exhausted warriors battle through the final race obstacle.

The finish line gave each warrior a medal for completing the grueling race.

three levels of courses: 3 mile Sprints, 8 miles Supers (Olympic distance) and 10-12 miles Beasts (ultra distance) where you will run, jump and crawl your way over a dozen or more obstacles put in your way.

"We started the U.S. Spartan Race in 2005. It was called the 'Spartan Death Race,’ a 24-48 hour survival

January 2012 THE DISPATCH 5

Save the Date FEBRUARY 29, 2012

National Guard and Reserve Job Fair Naval Air Station Fort Worth Joint Reserve Base Texas Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve (ESGR) will host a National Guard and Reserve Job Fair on February 29, 2012 at the Naval Air Station Fort Worth Joint Reserve Base. The fair will be for active members of the Guard and Reserve who are seeking employment. A military ID will be required to participate in this event.

Several workshops are planned with the job fair including “Ten Steps to Getting a Federal Job,” “How to Write a Resume,” “How to Work a Job Fair,” “Dress For Success,” “How to Apply On-Line” and “Key Words for Electronic Resume Submission.”

Along with Texas ESGR, coordinating agencies assisting with the job fair include Workforce Solutions for Tarrant County, Texas Veterans Commission, Employer Partnership of the Armed Forces (EPAF), the National Guard Job Connection Education Program (JCEP), the Fleet and Family Support Center, and the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce.

February is “Prepare for the Fair” Month. Contact Workforce Solutions of Tarrant County, Texas Veterans Commission, JCEP, EPAF or the Fleet and Family Support Center to update or create your resume, research employers or get assistance in preparation for the job fair.

For more information about the job fair, contact the Texas ESGR Fort Worth office at 817-386-7322.

Job Fair Sponsors Include:

An Equal Opportunity Employer/Progra m whose auxiliary aids and services are available upon request to individual with disabilities.

TDD/TTY 1-800-735-2989

6 THE DISPATCH January 2012

DOD releases Sexual Assault Report, announces new policies

Story by Karen Parrish American Forces Press Service

WASHINGTON, Dec. 27, 2011 – Defense Department officials today released the “Annual Report on Sexual Harassment and Violence at the Military Service Academies,” covering the academic year from June 1, 2010, to May 31, 2011.

The report shows an increase in reports of sexual assault, with 65 reports of sexual assault involving cadets and midshipmen, compared to 41 reports in the previous academic year.

"One sexual assault is one too many," Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta said in a DOD news release.

"Whether it's in our academies or our ranks, at sea or ashore, there's no place for this unacceptable behavior,” he continued.

“We treat each other with dignity in this institution. I expect everyone in this department to live up to that high standard.”

In the release, Air Force Maj. Gen. Mary Kay Hertog, director of the department’s sexual assault prevention and response office, stressed the importance of accountability and for victim support.

“We know that the military academies are similar to college campuses around the country in that sexual harassment and assault are challenges that all faculty, staff

and students need to work to prevent,” she said. “However, when it does occur, we owe it to those who have been victimized, and to every cadet and midshipman, to do everything possible to provide needed support and to hold those who commit sexual assault appropriately accountable.”

During the comprehensive review outlined in the report, defense officials visited the U.S. Military Academy in West Point, N.Y., the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Md., and the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colo. They reviewed each institution’s policies, training and procedures, and held focus groups with cadets and midshipmen.

Officials found that most academy programs fulfilled or surpassed the requirements of existing DOD policies and directives.

“We also identified areas for improvement to enhance programs and ensure compliance with the department’s policies,” Hertog said. “In our oversight role, my office will follow up with the academies every six months to ensure the necessary improvements are implemented in a timely manner.”

One required improvement is that academies evaluate and measure their

sexual harassment and assault prevention programs.

Defense officials also today announced two new policies relating to sexual assault.

One allows a service member who makes an unrestricted report of a sexual assault to request an expedited transfer to a new duty station. A restricted report, which is confidential, allows a victim to seek medical aid and counseling but is not communicated to the chain of command.

The second new policy standardizes retention periods for sexual assault records across the military services to ensure victims have extended access to those documents.

“This is a leadership issue, first and foremost, so I also expect us to lead with integrity and with energy to eliminate sexual assault and harassment from our culture,” Panetta said. “I'm confident the steps we are taking are the right ones, but we must continue to improve."

The annual report is required by the 2007 National Defense Authorization Act, which directed DOD to annually evaluate sexual harassment and sexual violence policies, training and procedures at the military service academies. The academies participated in the assessment.

Wing Chaplain Assistant returns home from Joint Expeditionary Tasking Story by Master Sgt. Dale Hanson 147 Reconnaissance Wing Public Affairs

Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base, TX - MSgt Janet S. O’KeeffeHernandez has returned home after a successful deployment as a Joint Expeditionary Tasking airman (JET) to Camp Buehring, Kuwait in support of Operation New Dawn.

The 147 RW Chaplain Assistant - who volunteered for the JET deployment- served as the Joint Forces Chaplain’s Assistant and Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge of the Chaplain Section. A Joint Expeditionary Tasking is the Air Force term used to indicate deployments under the Joint Sourcing Solution program in support of the Army. O’Keeffe-Hernandez worked for a United States Army Chaplain and also directly reported to the Camp Commander.

O’Keeffe-Hernandez supervised many chaplain programs as well as

all the building, supply and operational details for the Chaplain’s section. “I was the go to person for all things chaplain” she said.

O’Keeffe-Hernandez was praised by her Army supervisors as displaying strong initiative and possessing superior logistician skills. One unnamed superior said of O’Keeffe-Hernandez “She was usually three steps ahead of me and anticipates actions that need to be accomplished well in advance.” In order to be successful she had to learn to communicate “army style.”

O’Keeffe-Hernandez was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for her superior job performance.

She gave required daily briefings to senior leadership and filled in for the chaplain when needed.

She also was granted a special title from the Military Diocese for the Catholic Church that of Eucharistic Minister and Alter server to assist

priests during mass. “It was a blessing to serve as a Catholic and serve my brothers and sister in Kuwait. I feel this has been good for my faith, it has given me a sense of renewal.” she said.

Master Sgt. Janet O’Keeffe-Hernandez, 147th Reconnaissance Wing Chaplain Assistant,at Camp Buehring, Kuwait.

(U.S. Air Force Photo)

Tarleton to host State Guard training exercise Story by Tarlton State University

STEPHENVILLE, Texas-Tarleton State University will host approximately 75 members of the Texas State Guard when they conduct a training mission on campus the weekend of Jan. 13-15.

The three-day drill, involving the 2nd Battalion, 4th Regiment of the Guard, based in Arlington, will prepare members of the unit for natural disaster response efforts. Students from Arlington Heights High School's Naval JROTC unit are also expected to participate in a portion of the exercise.

"We drill once per month in Arlington at the National Guard Armory, but to kick off the new year we have a great opportunity to conduct the drill here in Stephenville," said Maj. Wendell Sadler, officer in charge and professor of kinesiology at Tarleton. "The benefit to the state guard is that we're at a different location and have access to facilities that can provide us with unique training opportunities. I am also very grateful to Dr. Dominic Dottavio and his enthusiasm to help."

Troops will arrive on campus Friday evening and be briefed at Wisdom Gymnasium before utilizing the ropes course at Tarleton Challenge and the university's swimming

8 THE DISPATCH January 2012

pool on Saturday. The unit will conduct low and high elements at the ropes course as part of a team building exercise prior to attending a water safety and survival exercise at the pool. Members of the Tarleton Texan Battalion ROTC unit will help facilitate the water training exercise and serve as instructors along with Lt. Col. Ron Henry, department head and professor of Military Science.

On Sunday, troops will conduct shelter operations training in conjunction with a wide area damage assessment on campus as well as at sites within the city of Stephenville, including the city's recreation center.

Troops will be sweeping campus from 9 a.m. to noon as part of the exercise to further their training in using GPS devises after a natural disaster. JROTC cadets from Arlington Heights are scheduled to deploy during the mission and serve as shelter guests.

Members of the Texas State Guard work in conjunction with state authorities on natural disaster response preparation as well as anything related to homeland security within Texas, said Sadler. "Our mission is to provide defense support to civilian authorities and to provide updates and training to our troops."

TRICARE Resources for National Guard and Reserve Members ®

TRICARE is committed to providing quality health care to National Guard and Reserve members and their families. The TRICARE programs available to you vary according to your status and eligibility. While activated, members and their families may enroll in TRICARE Prime. When inactive, but serving in the Selected Reserve, members and their families can choose a low-cost, premium-based plan called TRICARE Reserve Select. The TRICARE dental plans are also available to National Guard and Reserve members and their families. Additionally, retirees under the age of 60 may be eligible for the new TRICARE Retired Reserve plan.

Learn More about Your TRICARE Benefit

How to Find a Provider

Visit the TRICARE Web Site

To find a provider near you, visit the provider locator online at www.tricare.mil/findaprovider or use the contacts provided below. The regional contractors also have network provider directories on their Web sites.

The TRICARE Web site offers a fast way to get personalized TRICARE information. Visit www.tricare.mil, and answer three simple questions about your status, location, and health care plan to get information tailored specifically to you. Use www.tricare.mil/contactus to get important TRICARE contact information or to ask a benefit question.

Learn more about TRICARE benefits for National Guard and Reserve members and their families by taking a fast, easy course at www.tricare.mil/tricareu.

Request a TRICARE Briefing Request a TRICARE briefing for your National Guard or Reserve Unit by visiting the Web site for your region listed below.

North Region: www.tricare.mil/tronorth/Reserve-Guard_Education.cfm South Region: www.tricare.mil/trosouth/Reserve-Guard_Education.cfm West Region: www.tricare.mil/trowest

Is Your Health Care Provider TRICARE-Authorized?

TRICARE is always eager to welcome new providers who provide excellent care for our nation’s heroes and their families—and you, as the beneficiary, are TRICARE’s best recruiter. If you would like to see a health care provider who does not currently accept TRICARE patients, TRICARE encourages you to give your provider the handout on the back of this flyer or download it at www.tricare.mil/findaprovider. The handout explains the benefits of being a TRICARE-authorized provider and includes information about the authorization process.

For Information and Assistance TRICARE North Region Health Net Federal Services, LLC 1-877-TRICARE (1-877-874-2273) www.hnfs.com

TRICARE South Region Humana Military Healthcare Services, Inc. 1-800-444-5445 www.humana-military.com

TRICARE West Region TriWest Healthcare Alliance Corp.

1-888-TRIWEST (1-888-874-9378) www.triwest.com

TRICARE Reserve Select 1-800-555-2605

National Guard and Reserve 1-877-298-3408

National Guard and Reserve Resource Center www.triwest.com/NGR

TRICARE Overseas Program International SOS Assistance, Inc. 1-877-451-8659 (stateside toll-free) www.tricare-overseas.com

Defense Manpower Data Center Guard and Reserve Portal www.dmdc.osd.mil/guard-reserveportal

Transitional Assistance Management Program www.tricare.mil/tamp

TRICARE Reserve Select Web Site www.tricare.mil/trs

TRICARE Retired Reserve Web Site www.tricare.mil/trr

Behavioral Health Care www.tricare.mil/mentalhealth

TRICARE Dental Program 1-800-866-8499 (stateside) 1-888-418-0466 (overseas) www.TRICAREdentalprogram.com

TRICARE Retiree Dental Program 1-888-838-8737 (stateside) 1-866-721-8737 (overseas)

TRICARE Pharmacy Program and Pharmacy Home Delivery 1-877-363-1303 www.express-scripts.com/TRICARE www.tricare.mil/pharmacy

Reserve Affairs Web Site www.defenselink.mil/ra

This fact sheet is not all-inclusive. For additional information, please visit www.tricare.mil/reserve.

“TRICARE” is a registered trademark of the TRICARE Management Activity. All rights reserved.

New Texas Air Guard Chief of Staff Promoted at State Capitol Story by Staff Sgt. Phil Fountain 149th Fighter Wing Public Affairs

AUSTIN, Texas – Today, at the Texas State Capitol, Col. Brian C. Newby was promoted to the rank of brigadier general, and has been assigned as the Chief of Staff for the Texas Air National Guard, where he will be responsible for recruiting and retention, as well as issues including labor relations and equal opportunity. Additionally, Newby holds a dual-role with the Air National Guard at the national-level as the “Air National Guard Assistant to Headquarters United States Air Force, Operations and International Law Division.”

The general’s family and personal friends joined numerous members of the Texas Military Forces at the event.

The ceremony was officiated by Maj. Gen. John F. Nichols, Texas’ Adjutant General, the state’s senior military officer and included Newby’s wife, Sandy. Together, Nichols and Mrs. Newby pinned the “one-star” rank insignia onto Newby’s uniform.

Also in attendance were Brig.

Gen. Kenneth W. Wisian, Assistant Adjutant General – Air and Commander of the Texas Air National Guard, Brig. Gen. Joyce L. Steven, Assistant Adjutant General - Army and Commander of the Texas Army National Guard, and state Sen. Wendy Davis, who is also Newby’s civilian law partner at Newby Davis, PLLC in Fort Worth, Texas.

Newby’s nearly three-decade

Newly appointed Texas Air National Guard Chief of Staff Brigadier General Brian C. Newby has his new rank pinned on by Major General John F. Nichols and his wife Sandy at his promotion ceremony, Texas State Capitol, Austin, Tx. December 4, 2011. General Newby will be responsible for recruiting and retention, as well as issues ranging from labor relations and equal opportunity initiatives.

(U.S. Air Force Photo by Staff Sergeant Eric Wilson)

10 THE DISPATCH January 2012

military career began at Texas Tech University through the Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) program. He then earned a law degree from The University of Texas School of Law, and has served on active-duty, including a tour of duty in the Republic of Korea.

During his remarks, Newby said, “We’re proud of this state,” and discussed the history of Texas civilians stepping up to serve in military roles.

The newly promoted general officer pointed to two historic paintings in the chamber of the Texas Senate, where the military event took place. The artistic renderings depict two seminal events involving the state’s military fight for independence in 1836. One examines the wellknown siege of the Alamo, and the other portrays the decisive battle of San Jacinto.

“They were farmers, merchants, share croppers – and even lawyers – and they defined this state,” said Newby. Further discussing the current state-federal relationship of the Air National Guard, the general added, “We are here, when and if called by the governor [of Texas] or the president of the United States.”

During the ceremony, Nichols praised Newby’s reputation by saying, “He pulls all sorts of people together. It’s a common theme.”

“He’s going to help make us better than we’ve ever been before,” said Nichols.

56th IBCT completes “Warfighter” exercise at Camp Bowie Story and photo by Lt. Col. James D. Crabtree, MCTP Public AffairsOfficer

CAMP BOWIE, Texas – The 56th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (“Arrowhead”) completed a Brigade Warfighter Exercise at Camp Bowie, Texas December 14th, conducted by the U.S. Army’s Mission Command Training Program.

Working with MCTP’s OPSGRP Bravo the 56th Infantry Brigade Combat Team’s staff and senior leadership had the opportunity to work together as a team and to sharpen their skills in event that the unit is called to participate in an overseas contingency mission.

The 56th IBCT is a unit of the 36th Infantry Division, a National Guard unit also known as the Texas Division.

The 36th has participated in WWI, WWII, Bosnia, Iraq and Afghanistan. The unit exercise brought in National Guardsmen from all across the state, including El Paso, Dallas, Fort Worth and Austin. Camp Bowie itself has been utilized since WWI to train Soldiers for overseas duty. Located outside the town of Brownwood the small post sits in the middle of Texas cattle country.

The exercise was conducted with the 56th setting up a brigade tactical operations center in a Deployable Rapid Assembly Shelter, better known amongst Soldiers as a DRASH. The field in which the TOC was set up became flooded due to almost non-stop rain during the exercise.

OPSGRP Bravo, set up in an adjacent building where training was monitored, “White Cell” roleplayers provided input and Observer/Trainers compared notes when not actually working with their opposite numbers in the TOC. In the simulation the brigade was part of a hypothetical U.S. division organization sent overseas to defend an American ally from an invasion. The scenario included a wide variety of events in order to challenge the 56th IBCT staff to use all the resources at its command to conduct offensive and defensive operations, deal with terrorist attacks and to coordinate humanitarian assistance following combat operations. All of these are roles U.S. Army units must be prepared for if sent on a contingency mission.

Col. Jeffrey Breor, Commander of the 56th IBCT, was impressed with the training his unit received. “It was fantastic. We haven’t had an opportunity to train for this type of mission for six or seven years.”

The 56th’s Warfighter saw the initial use of WARSIM as the simulation software used by MCTP to train at the brigade-battalion level. Originally the software was designed to train divisions and above.

“WARSIM reduces the number of systems and models needed to support the exercise,” said Maj. Andrew Holmes, the MCTP S6 who served as the Chief Information Officer for the Warfighter. He added that WARSIM “is very stable, with no simulation downtime as it connects with the Army Battle Command System.”

On the other hand, the system can still be improved

and Holmes participated in the exercise in order to address any potential problems and to catalog software changes made during the exercise. “Compared to JCATS (Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation) we don’t have the same detailed fidelity yet but we’re getting there.”

Overall, the Warfighter served to make the 56th a more effective combat unit, according to Col. Christensen, Chief of Operations Group Bravo. “They met their training objectives and made significant improvements in their ability to fight.”

The exercise, which ran from December 4th through the 14th, gave the Operations Group an opportunity to adapt to training issues which were not discussed at length in counterinsurgency (COIN), the unit’s former training speciality. Since July 2006 OPSGRP Bravo has been conducting COIN training for units preparing for missions in Iraq and Afghanistan. For the last nine months Bravo has been preparing to conduct this full-spectrum exercise.

Christensen was pleased with the effort his unit made to assume its new mission. “I'm very proud of the work the entire team has done in preparation for this Warfighter Exercise.” Recognizing the teamwork needed to be ready for the 56th IBCT he added, “The Soldiers, civilians, and contractors all worked together to gain expertise in combined arms maneuver, develop a scenario and plan a world-class exercise using a new simulation. “ Breor felt that the exercise provided an opportunity to regain atrophied staff skills which were emphasized prior to the last ten years of overseas contingency operations. “I think the Warfighter program is critical to reserve component units in keeping us relevant.”

Lt. Col. Lawrence Baker of OPSGRP Bravo briefs staff members of the 56th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Texas Army National Guard) at a Camp Bowie classroom during the recent Warfighter exercise there. Briefings and working groups are a key part of the training process during fullspectrum exercises. Photo courtesy of MCTP.

January 2012 THE DISPATCH 11

Upcoming Strong Bonds seminars for TXMF Soldiers and families Texas Military Forces members and their families are encouraged to participate in Strong Bonds Seminars.

and their families are highly encouraged to attend seminars hosted within their surrounding cities.

Strong Bonds Seminars are a FREE weekend retreat for Texas Military Forces single soldiers, married couples and families to focus on their relationships. For the Marriage Enrichment seminars, the Chaplain covers topics such as expectations, communications, reunion and friendship. He provides tools for the couple to use in the future. The Family Wellness seminar is for the entire family to come to an off-post retreat and gain skills to help sustain healthy interactions, relevant teaching and training. They will also have time for relaxation, recreation, fellowship and fun.

Strong Bonds will continue to provide hotel accommodations, breakfast, and lunch as long as per diem requirements are still met at event locations. Child care will not be available for Marriage Enrichment & Single Soldier Seminars. Family Wellness events will continue to have child care.

Attendance of Service Member can be done in lieu of drill IF the Service Member's unit allows. Per the FY12 Strong Bonds Guidance, Strong Bonds will no longer reimburse mileage or per diem. Service Members

Marriage Enrichments: 13-15 January 2012- Sheraton Austin at the Capitol; Austin, Texas Registration Deadline: Until Filled 10-12 February 2012- Omni Corpus Christi Hotel Bayfront Tower Corpus Christi, Texas Registration Deadline: 30 January 2012 Family Wellness: 20-21 January 2012 - Pearl South Padre South Padre Island Texas (Rio Grande Ap-

plicants will have priority) Registration Deadline: 16 January 2012

27-29 January 2012- Great Wolf Lodge, Grapevine, Texas Registration Deadline: 23 January 2012 Single Soldier: 23-25 March 2012- Pearl South Padre, South Padre Island, Texas Registration Deadline: 9 March 2012 To register for a Strong Bonds Seminar, email the POC below and request the form for the Seminar you wish to attend. Complete the appropriate form entirely and return it to the Strong Bonds Coordinator.

Send form to: Strong Bonds Coordinators: Sgt. 1st Class Vincent Celia, celia.pena@ us.army.mil or Sgt. Nicholas Laurel nicholas. laurel@ng.army.mil. Office: 512-7821450/512-782-6751 Fax: 512-782-6953

TXSG announces junior and senior enlisted Members of the Year Story by Col. Robert Hastings Texas State Guard Public Affairs Office

AUSTIN, TX -- The Texas State Guard has announced its outstanding enlisted members of the year.

Cpl. Peggy Gutierrez, a civil affairs specialist with the 4th Civil Affairs Regiment in Denton and Staff Sgt. Robert Lewis, an NCO with the Texas Maritime Regiment in Dallas have been selected as the Texas State Guard (TXSG) Junior Enlisted and Senior Enlisted Members of the Year.

Gutierrez and Lewis were recognized by TXSG Commanding General, Maj. Gen. Ray Peters during ceremonies at the annual holiday dinner Dec. 10th. “These two individuals represent what is best about the Texas State Guard and Texas Military Forces,” said Peters. “They are dedicated professionals who give their all for their fellow Texans. I’m proud to serve with them.”

Gutierrez has been a member of the TXSG for about one year. During that time she was recognized as the Honor Graduate of her Basic Orientation Course, earned the Military Emer12 THE DISPATCH January 2012

gency Management Specialist qualification, and was selected for Officer Candidate School.

“Cpl. Gutierrez's participation and commitment to the Texas State Guard is unparalleled,” said Col. Howard Palmer, commander of the 4th Civil Affairs Regiment. “Cpl. Gutierrez has distinguished herself as both an exemplary soldier and a selfless community servant and leader.

She has brought an unequaled drive to excel to the 4th Regiment. Cpl. Gutierrez hit the ground running, and hasn't slowed down yet.”

Lewis has served in a number of key leadership roles including Operations Officer, Logistics NCO, training instructor and member of the TXSG Joint Color Guard.

“Staff Sgt. Lewis has been and continues to be an inspiration to the entire Maritime Regiment,” said Brig. Gen. Robert Bodisch, commander of the Texas Maritime Regiment (TMAR). “His determined and gifted leadership, dedication and military bearing combined with his talent as an instructor place him above all others. Staff Sgt. Lewis is a role model to us all.”

Rules restrict political activity by DOD personnel Story by Donna Miles American Forces Press Service

WASHINGTON (AFNS) ­­—With election activity steadily picking up, defense officials are in the process of issuing regular election-year guidance to remind military and Defense Department civilians that they're subject to rules regulating their involvement in political activities.

This issue -- one the department regularly addresses during election periods -- came to light earlier this week after an Army Reserve soldier in uniform appeared endorsing a political candidate.

Several sets of rules help to protect the integrity of the political process, DOD officials said. DOD Directive 1344.10 applies to members of the armed forces, whether they serve on active duty, as members of the reserve components not on active duty, as National Guard members in a nonfederal status, and military retirees.

In addition, the Hatch Act applies to federal civilian employees, and employees also are subject to widely published DOD guidance that discusses participation in political campaigns and elections.

These rules are designed to prevent military members' or federal civilian employees' participation in political activities that imply -- or even appear to imply -- official sponsorship, approval or endorsement, officials said. The concern, they explained, is that actual or perceived partisanship could undermine the legitimacy of the military profession and department.

That's not to imply, however, that military members and civilian employees can't participate in politics.

In fact, DOD has a longstanding policy of encouraging members to carry out the obligations of citizenship, officials said. DOD encourages its military and civilian members to register to vote and vote as they choose, they said. Both groups can sign nominating petitions for candidates and express their personal opinions about candidates and issues.

However, officials emphasized, they can do so only if they don't act as -- or aren't perceived as -- representatives of the armed forces in carrying out these activities.

Beyond that, the list of dos and don'ts differs depending on whether the employee is a member of the armed forces, a career civil service employee, a political appointee or a member of the career Senior Executive Service, officials said.

Military members, for example, may attend political meetings or rallies only as spectators and not in uniform. They're not permitted to make public political speeches, serve in any official capacity in partisan

groups or participate in partisan political campaigns or conventions.

They also are barred from engaging in any political activities while in uniform.

A combat engineer assigned to the 416th Theater Engineer Company potentially violated these rules Jan. 3 when he stepped onto a stage at Ron Paul's headquarters in Ankeny, Iowa, during the Iowa Caucus to offer a personal endorsement. Although he was wearing his uniform, the soldier was not in an active status at the time, Army Maj. Angela Wallace, an Army Reserve spokeswoman, confirmed.

Wallace emphasized that the soldier "stands alone in his opinions regarding his political affiliation and beliefs, and his statements and beliefs in no way reflect that of the Army Reserve."

His chain of command is aware of the issue and is considering appropriate disciplinary action to take, she said.

Most civilian DOD employees, whose political activities are governed by the Hatch Act, are permitted to be active in and speak before political gatherings and serve as officers of political parties or partisan groups, officials said. These activities, however, cannot involve fundraising.

Civilian employees also are permitted to manage campaigns, distribute literature, write political articles or serve as a spokesperson for a party or candidate.

There are, however, exceptions to this, including but not limited to Senior Executive Service.

While the dos and don'ts concerning political activity may vary, the basic tenets hold true for all DOD employees.

The bottom line, officials said, is that they should steer clear of any activity that may be reasonably viewed as directly or indirectly associating DOD or the military with a partisan political activity, or that "is otherwise contrary to the spirit or intent" of the rules described.

January 2012 THE DISPATCH 13

Tuesday, December 27th, 2011 Fort Worth, Texas SPC Wanda Rivera

While SPC Wanda Rivera helps operate one of the largest fleets of aircraft in the world as an Aviation Operations Specialist for the 149th Fighter Wing of the Texas Air National Guard, she is also a job seeker in search of that next civilian career opportunity. Last month, SPC Rivera made a connection with Aviall, a leading solutions provider of aftermarket supply-chain management services for the aerospace and defense industries.

SPC Rivera’s connection to a new opportunity was the result of reaching out to the JCEP staff in Fort Worth and her own determination. In October, SPC Rivera contacted JCEP after hearing about the program through a friend. SPC Thank you so Rivera had been looking for work for a few months without success. much for The JCEP team assembled its experts to assist SPC Rivera and set her on recreating my a new flight plan. After providing resume development assistance, oneresume and making it shine. I on-one coaching, and interview mentoring, SPC Rivera was cleared for know that without takeoff toward her new career destination. It was just days afterward, their (JCEP) when SPC Rivera received an interview with Aviall for a Quality Control help, I would still Inspector position, that the value of engaging the assistance of JCEP be searching for a job. had paid off.

Wanda Rivera, JCEP

With a new career ahead of her, SPC Rivera is also reflective on those Participant at JCEP who helped along the way, “Thank you so much!” “Your team was a great help and I’m soooo thankful!” In an email SPC Rivera sent to her mentors at JCEP she wrote, “I know I would still be unsuccessful in my job search had I not come to your office. I'm glad that this program is here for us and that it will soon reach our Dallas armory. This program really helped me and now I can't wait to start my new job next week. I will finally sleep easy tonight.”

Jay Rudolph

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The sandbox GB Trudeau’s Doonesbury- The Sandbox -GWOT hot wash, straight from the wire Welcome to The Sandbox, a forum for service members currently deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan (and serving elsewhere in the GWOT), returned vets, spouses and caregivers. The Sandbox’s focus is not on policy and partisanship (go to our Blowback page at http://www.doonesbury.com/strip/blowback for that), but on the unclassified details of deployment -- the everyday, the extraordinary, the wonderful, the messed-up, the absurd. All correspondence is read, and as much as possible is posted, lightly edited. If you know someone who is deployed who might have something to say, please tell them about us.

http://gocomics.typepad.com/the_sandbox/ Today, more than ever, Soldiers rely on technology to bring the fight to the front lines.

That technology doesn’t just include high-tech weapons, body armor or Blue Force Tracker. It also included web logs, “blogs,” that allow a more immediate glimpse into military life and history than ever before. Often funny, sometimes painful and poignant, these snippets of opinion, daily life, and commentary on war, the military, and life in general allow more people to see what our Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen and Marines are thinking, experiencing and fighting for.

A view from the front line

band of bloggers http://www.facebook.com/ TexasMilitaryForces

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ texasmilitaryforces/

Check us out on the Internet!

New Year’s Resolutions,: Army-style Story by Sgt. Robert G. Cooper III Camp Atterbury Public Affairs

CAMP ATTERBURY, Ind. - Drop the fork and step away from the pie! Good. Now, very slowly, reach into your wallet, grab your credit cards and toss them into the paper shredder. Nice and easy!

Finally, take that pack of cigarettes and crush them beneath your feet… no sudden moves!

So maybe New Year’s resolutions can sometimes come off as a prison sentence, often presenting difficult aspirations for many Americans.

But while these tests of fortitude might seem overwhelming, even cliché, the idea of bettering one’s self at the beginning of each year is a cultural and introspective tradition. For members of the U.S. Army, New Year’s resolutions reflect a commitment to constantly improve upon each individual’s professional and personal goals.

“New Year’s Day is the most active-minded holiday, because it is the one where people evaluate their lives, and plan and resolve to take action. Common of all resolutions is that on the first day of the year people take their values more seriously,” said Lt. Col. Ronald Morris, the deputy commander of Camp Atterbury, a training site dedicated to training Army National Guard and Reserve Soldiers prior to deployment.

“Soldiers live these values, and commitment to service and country every day,” Morris said. “Not just New Year’s Day; Soldiers know the words loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage. They understand what these values truly mean and what it means to live up to them.”

Living up to New Year’s resolutions doesn’t have to be a lofty goal. Many Americans choose something common to improve on, such as losing weight, becoming active or quitting a bad habit.

“The most common New Year’s resolutions are to lose weight and get in shape, spend more quality time with loved ones, quit smoking, get organized, travel more and reduce debt,” Morris said. “Experts agree that you should have clear, concise and easy-to-implement ideas in mind.

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Planning is also important.”

Capt. Matthew McGowen, with the Morale, Welfare and Recreation Office here, said that many Soldiers at the beginning of each year resolve to change how they reduce stress in their daily lives.

“It really comes down to stress and what we do to relieve it,” McGowen said. “A negative stress reliever, such as smoking or drinking, never improves your overall well being. Things like exercise and dieting obviously do a better job relieving stress, and you’re keeping yourself healthy too.”

McGowen recommended a quid pro quo method for developing a New Year’s resolution.

“Pick something you don’t like doing, like smoking, and replace it with something positive,” he said. “Every time you have the urge to commit that negative action, immediately do something else. In the case of smoking, try something that will keep your mind occupied, like going for a quick jog or solving a brain teaser.”

Getting in shape may be one resolution, but trimming the fat from financial expenses is a huge goal for Americans because of current economics. Capt. Michael Dick, a financial officer at Camp Atterbury, said that Americans can resolve to be more responsible with their money while still enjoying the fruits of their labors.

Find out how YOU can help a deployed Texas servicemember!! visit http://www.uso.org/waysto-volunteer.aspx Take a look in the mirror before complaining about ‘today’s Airmen’ Opinion by Senior Master Sgt. Chip Coleman 902nd Contracting Squadron Superintendent

JOINT BASE SAN ANTONIORANDOLPH, Texas (AFNS) - As I go about my business around Joint Base San Antonio--Randolph, whether attending meetings or speaking at the Non-commissioned Officer Professional Enhancement Seminars, I often hear NCOs and senior NCOs discussing some of their work issues.

Undoubtedly part of the conversation revolves around the question, “What’s wrong with these Airmen today?”

My answer is, “Us!” We NCOs and senior NCOs need to take a good look in the mirror!

No matter where I am on base, picking up uniforms at the cleaners, the base exchange or the commissary, I am constantly wondering what happened to us as NCOs. Why are so many Air Force and military standards not being followed or enforced? Where’s the discipline and accountability?

I was in the exchange looking at the new DVDs and noticed a staff sergeant at the other end of the aisle looking at the video games. As I got closer, I noticed he had a pair of sunglasses on top of his head, his airman battle uniform shirt pocket and cargo pocket were unbuttoned, and his hat was sticking halfway out of his cargo pocket. As I continued to get closer to this individual, two NCOs walked right by him and did not say a word. I was dumbfounded; I thought for sure they would have corrected him. I approached the staff sergeant and told

him exactly what he needed to fix and, by the expression on his face, he was shocked someone corrected him. The staff sergeant quickly corrected his uniform as I carefully explained the errors of his ways.

I see these types of violations everyday all over JB Randolph and, more often than not, I find myself correcting NCOs and senior NCOs, not the junior enlisted Airmen. I can understand correcting some of our newer Airmen, but not our NCOs and senior NCOs. What has happened to our core values? Integrity, doing what’s right when no one is looking and excellence in all we do?

When I teach at the NCOPE Seminar and the First Term Airman Center, we talk about standards and discipline and I always ask the class who has seen uniform violations at the exchange and food court and inevitably everyone raises their hand.

Then I ask how many of them corrected the violation, and most hands go down, and this is in both forums. I always ask why they failed to do their job and make the corrections. I get many answers, such as, “I don’t want to be the bad guy,” or “The person out-ranked me,” etc. I then remind them of Air Force Instruction 362618, the Enlisted Force Structure, that states, “Airman should correct personnel who violate military standards.”

As supervisors and leaders, it is our job to exemplify the highest standards in maintaining self-discipline and to correct those who fail to up-

hold the standards of discipline. We must get “back to the basics of discipline.” As NCOs and senior NCOs we must set the example by exhibiting professional behavior, military bearing, customs and courtesies, and the highest standards of dress and appearance. In my opinion, we aren’t setting the example and we aren’t enforcing or maintaining standards.

Airmen are desperately seeking leadership. In an “exit poll” of Airmen leaving the Air Force after their first term, the number one reason for getting out is “lack of leadership.”

I see more and more senior NCOs waiting for retirement and NCOs who just don’t seem to care about our airmen. The airmen pick up on this attitude and that attitude is then reflected in our Airmen.

The next time we NCOs and SNCOs start to question the quality of “today’s Airmen,” we need to take a long, hard look in the mirror. We should question the quality of our leadership, dedication and the sincerity we provide to our young Airmen and junior officers. We NCOs and senior NCOs are charged with the influential development of our Airmen, and by using the term Airmen, I mean every Air Force member. As a prior military training instructor of 10 years, I can honestly say there is nothing wrong with our Airmen; they simply need our attention and mentorship on a daily basis.

Our most precious resource is our Airmen. We, as leaders, must never forget it!

January 2012 THE DISPATCH 17

News Brief Walgreens will not accept TRICARE for military Story by Toygar Ayla and Fadell Pitts Reprinted courtesy of WTVM, Columbus, Ga.

COLUMBUS, GA (WTVM) —Members of the U.S military's TRICARE pharmacy program will no longer be able to get medications from Walgreens.

The store says its contract renewal negotiations with pharmacy benefits manager, Express Scripts Incorporated, were unsuccessful.

It adds that it will no longer be a TRICARE pharmacy network provider.

Officials say beneficiaries will still have access to other network pharmacies across the country.

TRICARE also offers pharmacy home deliveries through the mail.

There are about 56,000 other TRICARE network pharmacies in the U.S. and U.S. Territories. If you need to transfer your prescription, you can take your Walgreens prescription bottle to any network pharmacy.

If you are a TRICARE beneficiary and you need help finding a pharmacy or changing their medications to home delivery just contact Express Scripts at 1-877885-6313.

Veterans with undiagnosed illnesses: application window extended for five years Department of Veterans Affairs

WASHINGTON – Veterans of the Persian Gulf War with undiagnosed illnesses have an additional five years to qualify for benefits from the Department of Veterans Affairs.

“Not all the wounds of war are fully understood,” said Secretary of Veterans Affairs Eric K. Shinseki. “When there is uncertainty about the connection between a medical problem and military service, Veterans are entitled to the benefit of the doubt.”

A recent change in VA regulations affects Veterans of the conflict in Southwest Asia. Many have attributed a range of undiagnosed or poorly understood medical problems to their military services. Chemical weapons, environmental hazards and vaccinations are among the possible causes.

At issue is the eligibility of Veterans to claim VA disability compensation based upon those undiagnosed illnesses, and the ability of survivors to qualify for VA’s Dependency and Indemnity Compensation.

Under long-standing VA rules, any undiagnosed illnesses used to establish eligibility for VA benefits must become apparent by Dec. 31, 2011. The new change pushes the date back to Dec. 31, 2016.

Veterans or survivors who believe they qualify for these benefits should contact VA at 1-800-827-1000.

Further information about undiagnosed illnesses is available online at www.publichealth.va.gov/exposures/ gulfwar and www.publichealth.va.gov/ exposures/oefoif/index.asp.

Old-fashioned fireworks celebrate Christmas Four members of the 217th Training Squadron, Texas Air National Guard, prepare to fire a Civil War era three-inch rifled gun during this year's Christmas at Old Fort Concho historical event. The 217th teams with the Fort Concho staff and living history re-enactors from around the state each December to celebrate the frontier days in Texas, linking our Texas military history to present day intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance training. (Photo courtesy of the 217th Training Squadron)

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Military History- January

Born from humble beginnings, the National Guard celebrates its 375th birthday Story by Bill Boehm National Guard Bureau

The First Muster in spring 1637; this took place after the December 13, 1636 Massachusetts General Court declaration established three regiments within the colony to defend against enemy attack and preserve settlements, established in the English militia tradition. open link in new window download hi-res photo The Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded in 1630. Over 5,000 men, women, and children made the twomonth voyage to the New World, leaving the relative comfort and safety of England behind in an effort to break free of religious intolerance, and to manage their communities the way they saw fit. In doing so, their actions tread new ground in the country that would become the United States of America.

The military organization we know today as the National Guard came into existence with a direct declaration on December 13, 1636. On this date, the Massachusetts General Court in Salem, for the first time in the history of the North American continent, established that all able-bodied men between the ages of 16 and 60 were required to join the militia. The North, South, and East Regiments were established with this order. The decree excluded ministers and judges. Simply stated, citizen-soldiers who mustered for military training could be and would be called upon to fight when needed.

Laws often evolve from well-intentioned actions, yet sometimes prove themselves to be ineffective. Given such odds, how could this possibly work?

Owing to many failures in the time that English settlers had attempted colonization in the Massachusetts frontier and elsewhere in North America, leaders decided that a proactive and ready state of mind must be kept by all citizens, particularly those training in military tactics. Being part of citizenry in the small

villages meant that a price must be paid for the freedoms that could potentially be enjoyed, were the colony to ultimately succeed. That price exacted meant taking responsibility for defending the settlements of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

The settlers of the new outposts experienced austere surroundings. With no established or familiar conventions upon which to rely, the colony relied upon male pioneers to provide food, shelter, and defensive protection for the women and children present, as well for themselves. Even with all available hands working, this was a difficult task. Worse, the nearby Pequot Indian tribe proved a restless and unpredictable neighbor, leaving the Massachusetts colonists vulnerable to guerilla-style attacks that could decimate the fledgling settlements. In an environment rife with disease, poor sanitation, and harsh weather conditions, all able-bodied members of the Massachusetts colony pulled together out of necessity.

Self-sufficiency proved instrumental.

In a new land, hiring mercenary fighters in the European tradition to ward off Indian attacks would be impossible. For one thing, the colonists had no money.

Other foreign interests in the New World such as the French or Spanish, even if they were available for defensive purposes, did not share English views on religion and political matters. They would have seriously undermined the stability of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Governing and policing the settlement would have to be left to the colonists themselves.

Therefore, the militia system of self-defense brought from England had the best chance of succeeding for the colonists.

And it did succeed. Soon after the establishment of the militia in Massachusetts, the entire New England region defended itself against the aggression of the Pequot nation. Other colonies such as Connecticut and Rhode Island mustered militia units to fight the Indian tribe, and succeeded in forcing the Pequots to

capitulate in 1638. Ultimately, the militia enlisted from the many small villages proved a strong component in building confidence for the settlement as a whole.

Although other colonial settlements in North America such as those in Florida, Virginia, and New Mexico that would become part of the United States utilized military protection in order to allow settlers safe passage and to defend against aggressors, Massachusetts proved to be the first entity to have its government establish and raise a militia. Nor did these other colonies’ militia service remain continuous. The tie to legal precedent in this manner remains to this day. That record of service has remained continuous and unbroken, no matter the change in each unit’s function as a part of the militia or the National Guard.

This distinction qualifies it as the birthplace of the militia in the United States. With the North, South, and East Regiments established, its exemplary military tradition continues through this day with four Massachusetts National Guard units – the 101st Engineer Battalion, the 101st Field Artillery, the 181st Infantry Regiment, and the 182nd Infantry Regiment. The tradition born in Salem continues today.

Today, Massachusetts’ population numbers 6.5 million people, and the Commonwealth figures prominently as a center of manufacturing, electronics/technology, and finance. Much has changed since 1636, but one thing has not: the National Guard still consists of CitizenSoldiers and Airmen providing protection from natural disaster, training regularly to uphold high standards of readiness, and also deploying to far-away countries to protect the United States’ national interests abroad. Although the country’s growth and expansion has made it a large military force around the world, the National Guard still remains a community cornerstone – just as it did when it was given birth on December 13, 1636.

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