2. THE EXPANSION OF ROME -
Rome conquered new territories under the Republic:
1.
Rome unified the Italian Peninsula (5 th and 3 rd centuries BC)
2.
In the three Punic Wars, Rom fought against Carthage for control of he Western Mediterranean.: -
They conquered Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia in the first war. They defeated Carthaginian general Hannibal in the second war. They destroyed Carthage after the third.
3. In the Macedonian Wars (3rd – 2nd centuries BC), the Romans gained control of the Iberian Peninsula and Gaul. 4. From the 2nd century BC, The romans expanded in the west, where they gained control of the Iberian Peninsula and Gaul. After these conquest, Rome controlled the entire Mediterranean, which they called Mare nostrum, or “our sea”.