The hydrosphere

1. HYDROSPHERE . HYDROSPHERE: - is all the water on the planet.

- it’s made up of: - oceans - seas - rivers - lakes - glaciers - groundwater - water vapour

1. HYDROSPHERE WATER CYCLE -

There is the same amount of water on Earth It changes state and it can be found in solid, liquid and gas form.

It moves continually among the atmosphere, oceans and continents, This movement of the Earth’s water is called the WATER CYCLE Water cycle has three phases: - 1. Evaporation: water evaporates, rises and cools in the atmosphere.

- 2. Condensation: water condeses and form clouds.

- 3. Precipitation: when clouds cannot absorb more water, there is precipitaton in form of rain, snow and hail.

- Some of precipiation: - falls on land and flows into ivers and lakes.

- filters into the ground and form groundwater.

- But finally all the water return to oceans and seas and the water cycle begins again.

1. HYDROSPHERE SALTWATER -

It’s 97% of the Earth’s water.

It’s located in oceans and seas Characterisics: - 1. Salinity: - is the amount of salt dissolved in water.

- Is higher in hot, enclosed seas (Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean Sea…) - Is lower in cold, open seas (Cantabrian Sea) - 2. Temperature: - is warmer near the surface (12 -30º C) - is colder in deep water (4 - (-1º )C)

- Oceans affects temperature - in summer deep cold water cools the ocean’s surface.

- in winter, water retains heat - Consequently, temperatures are mild in coastal areas.

- 3. Density: Saltwater is denser than fresh water, because of this navigation is easier.

1. HYDROSPHERE -

FRESH WATER It’s about 3% of the Earth’s water.

It’s located in continents and islands.

Most of it is ice a polar regions and in glaciers.

Some of it is groundwater, under the Earth’s surface A smll proportion of it is found in rivers, lakes and in water vapour.