4. TRANSPORT -
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Transport is essential to the functioning of the economy. Today the econonic model is characterised by heavy passenger and goods traffic on different means of transport Transport is now more eficent, faster and cheaper than before. EVOLUTION OF TRANSPORT Four periods: Pre-Industrial Era (Up to the late 18 th century) - The most common types of transports are: - Horses and other draught animals : - Pulling carts to transport people and goods over short distances - Sailing ships between countries First Industrial Revolution (late 18 th century- 19 th century) - The railway - The steamship/steamboat - They appeared in the first half of the 19 th century
3. Second Industrial Revolution (late 19 th century- late 20 th century) - The automobile - The aeroplane - They appeared in he early 20 th century 4. Third Industrial Revolution (late 20 th century- 21 st centry) - Complex systems of transport are being developed with the aid of technological improvements. - Internet and other new technologies
4. TRANSPORT SYSTEMS OF TRANSPORTS
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Different types of transports systems compete with each other. But, hey can operate together in a coordinated way, promoting intermodal transport, which facilities links between different systems. - Types: 1. Road transport - The most opular because of its ability to carry people and goods to any place on the planet via a network of roads. 2. Rail transport - Last century, private vehicles overtook trains as the most common means of transport - Now, high-speed trains have recover travellers 3. Air transport: - The most modern system - Aerplanes have been crucial in reducing geographical distances in terms of time. 4. Sea transport: - The most imporant system for the international goods trade throughout the history - Today, it is the least expensive way to transport large quantities of products of any kind.