The African Scholar Magazine by African Scholar Magazine

THE

JUNE 2012

AFRICAN SCHOLAR

“Tomorrow is Everything”

NAADIYA MOOSAJEE COVER STORY South African Women in Engineering

START A CAREER IN NURSING Many African students are starting a career in Nursing and Aged Care

AFRICAN UNION COMMISSION Education is the most important tool

CONTENTS PAGE 10. AFRICAN UNION COMMISSION Education is the most important tool for equipping African peoples with the necessary knowledge

PAGE 8. START A CAREER IN NURSING Many African students are starting a career in Nursing and Aged Care at TAFE NSW

PAGE 12. NAADIYA MOOSAJEE COVER STORY South African Women in Engineering

PAGE 16. PROFESSOR CLIVE CHIRWA Building The Future Through Academic Excellence Young people at schools, colleges and universities

CONTENTS PAGE 27. ABEY MOKGWATSANE Entrepreneurial Leadership. Have I just made up a word? Probably

PAGE 24. MUSA KALENGA has qualified as the youngest Chartered Marketer (SA) in Africa.

PAGE 36. GAMERS COLONY Eagerly anticipated and due for release is the action packed, third-person shooter, Max Payne 3

PAGE 38. THE BODY DEFENDERS COMING SOON South Africa's First 3D Animated SCI-FI Film. Action- Adventure

Editorial Chola Chisengalumbwe

Editorial It is with great honor, passion and pride that we welcome you to another mind-opening edition of African Scholar. Only our second, we're nevertheless positive that what's in these pages will soon be enough to illuminate libraries - with the ideas and theories of today's big thinkers and tomorrow's big graduates. Our commitment to providing students, academics and intellectuals of all ages with a concise kaleidoscope into the world of higher education has not changed. Our aim, with each new issue, is to inform Africa of twice as many scholarships, bursaries, and learning opportunities as before; with your support, as reader or institute, we're optimistic and anticipant of a bright future for all.

Design Thando V.M. Mwale for Norman & Gibson Media Sales / Advertising Sifiso Dlangamandla Sifisod@africanscholar.co.za Chilalo Mumba chilalom@africanscholar.co.za

We have the Universities of Melbourne, New South Wales and Makerere University joining us on board the most up-to-date ship for news on all things higher education.

Isaac Ndhlovu isaacn@africanscholar.co.za

There's something for everybody who loves knowledge in African Scholar - whatever the city, whatever the weather.

Andrew Mphande andrewm@africanscholar.co.za

Chola Chisengalumbwe

Dumi Mphande dumim@africanscholar.co.za Circulations /Subscription Services Andrew Mphande subscribe@africanscholar.co.za

Publisher African Scholar Contact @africanscholars

African Scholar Magazine

The African Scholar Magazine

The African Scholar Office: +27 11 794 4141/11 042 9488 Fax: +27 086 626 1231

About African Scholar African Scholar is a journal that introduces prospective and continuing students to colleges and universities across the region and beyond. African Scholar details course content at participating institutes and highlights scholarship opportunities within Africa and overseas. The journal also draws attention to financial aid, bursary and trainee programs sponsored by companies across the continent.

Participation Options Colleges and universities, as well as corporate and public stakeholders, may participate in editions of African Scholar by choosing from a wide selection of ad' packages, or collaborating with our editorial team to design compelling, promotional articles.

Benefits of Participation Whilst equipping students with all the information necessary to make the best possible learning choices, we offer schools, corporations and local government departments a competitive advertising rate, so they can make immediate impressions on future student bodies. Institutes may market their course-offerings and activities with ad-packages tailored to meet all kinds of marketing needs, or with advertorial narratives that give deans, lecturers, and admissions officers the chance to reach out and engage tomorrow's graduates. Our distribution network will place your place of learning at the centre of informed conversation all across the continent, increasing your query-traffic issue by issue and bolstering your admissionspassage year by year.

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EDITORIAL

STUDY IN AUSTRALIA

Start A Career in Nursing and Aged Care in Sydney, Australia at TAFE NSW - Western Sydney Institute

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Many African students are starting a career in Nursing and Aged Care at TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute in Sydney, Australia. Nursing and Aged Care are occupations in demand in many developing countries – and many students are choosing to study overseas to gain internationally recognized qualifications. TAFE NSW-Western Sydney Institute is a government owned and operated vocational and technical institute in Sydney Australia. TAFE – which stands for Technical and Further Education – provides practical training that simulates "on-thejob" training. Western Sydney Institute is offering a range of Nursing courses – including the Diploma of Nursing Enrolled and the Certificate 3 in Health Services Assistance. The Diploma has a duration of 1.5 years and the Certificate 3 is only six months in duration. Neither course requires experience in nursing, but you must have your high school certificate and a high level of English proficiency (IELTS 6.5 for the Diploma and IELTS 5.5 for the Certificate). IELTS is a special English test required by Australian TAFEs and Universities and by Australian immigration for some African nationalities. Both of these courses are available in Kingswood, a suburb in the west of Sydney. After completion of the Diploma, students can continue studying at University of Western Sydney, a partner University. "There is a lot of demand for registered nurses in Australia, UK and the USA. With Western Sydney Institute, African students have a pathway into a Nursing degree, which will give them a great qualification in order to find jobs after graduation," said Jorge Baron, representative of TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute. The Nursing courses include clinical work placements, which provide students with on the job experience. Students are also able to work part-time up to 40 hours in a fortnight (two week period). Aged Care is also a popular subject, which can be combined with studies in Nursing. "Aged Care is for students who wish to assist the elderly through work in a nursing home or aged care facility," said Baron. TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute

combination as well as taken with a nursing course. No experience is necessary but you must have a good level of English (IELTS 5.5) and completion of ten years of secondary study. "TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute provides flexibility to African students in terms of how long they wish to study – from six months to a package program which includes a University degree. It can also help students who may have a limited financial budget," said Baron. "Unlike university, TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute has more of a hands-on approach to anything you want to learn. I loved it," said Alexandre Pigeot, an international student from Mauritius. "Australia remains a popular study destination for African students due to the diversity and quality of its education, affordability, part-time work opportunities and graduate outcomes," says Baron. TAFE NSW – Western Institute has over 114,000 student enrolments in around 1,000 qualifications. TAFE NSW has been delivering quality education for over 100 years. Each year, Western Sydney Institute welcomes over 300 international students from over 30 countries. International students have access to on campus student housing at some colleges as well as support and arrival services from international student coordinators at each campus. The next intake for new students is July 2012 and February 2013. If you want more information or wish to apply, contact Jorge Baron at Jorge@destinationaustralia.co.za or visit wsiinternationaltafensw.edu.au for course information. Start your new career today at TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute! For further information contact: Jorge Baron TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute Telephone: +27 21 465 7777 Mobile: +27 76 37 62755 Email:Jorge@destinationaustralia.co.za

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EDITORIAL

AFRICAN UNION COMMISSION

A CONTINENTAL UNIVERSITY The vision of the African Union (AU) is "an integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, an Africa driven and managed by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force in the international area". Education is the most important tool for equipping African peoples with the necessary knowledge, skills and attitude to be able to drive this vision. Quality higher education in particular is imperative if Africa has to attain this vision, generate homegrown solutions to African challenges according to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) philosophy; and participate fully in the global knowledge economy. Unfortunately, during the decades of the 80's and 90's, support for education in Africa was focused at primary and secondary levels, thus negating some of the gains that had been made in the late 60's and 70's in African higher education. Consequently, investments in the higher education sector have not been commensurate with the increasing enrollment, leading to many challenges especially in quality. The quality of many African higher education institutions has been further adversely affected in recent years by harsh economic, social, political and even conflict situations on the continent. According to a UNESCO report, African publications referenced in the Science Citation Index stagnated at 1.4 percent between 1981 and 2000.

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While research and development expenditures experienced a nosedive from 1.3 to 0.8 percent. The Pan African University is the cornerstone of efforts of the African Union to revitalise Higher Education and research in Africa. The mission of the PAU is to exemplify excellence in African higher education in order to position African Higher Education as a driver for social and economic development, and attainment of Africa's collective vision- through the following functions:

타 Teaching and research at the post-graduate level in key areas

타 Developing and retaining world-class human resources in areas essential to Africa's development;

타 Stimulating fundamental and

applied research of the highest quality in areas critical to African technical, economic and social development;

타 Supporting institutional capacity-building to enhance global competitiveness and African relevance of Africa's higher education

Ÿ Accelerating

the exchange of research results within

networks

Ÿ Creating a distinctive African higher education space, able to attract the best resources globally, including from the African Diaspora

Ÿ Enhancing Africa's contribution to the global knowledge economy The structure of the PAU includes one Rectorate as overall coordinating office; five institutes, one in each geographic region, as coordinating hubs for each thematic area; and up to ten Centres from around Africa in each thematic area, networked to the relevant thematic institute or hub. The African Union Summit of Heads of State and Government took a decision allocating the hosting of the regional Institutes of the Pan African University (PAU) as follows :The following five areas constitute the thematic areas of PAU:

Ÿ Space sciences: to be coordinated from an institution in the Southern Africa region;

Ÿ Water and Energy Sciences (including climate change): coordinated from Tlemcen University in Algeria, Northern Africa;

Ÿ Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation: co-ordinated from the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology in Kenya, Eastern Africa;

Ÿ Earth and Life Sciences (including health and agriculture): co-ordinated from the University of Ibadan in Nigeria, Western Africa;

Ÿ Governance, Humanities and Social Sciences- coordinated from the University of Yaoundé II in Cameroon, Central Africa region. The African Union Pan African University represents an explicit acknowledgement by the political leadership of Africa of the indispensable place of a revitalised and re-oriented system of higher education and research in Africa's 21st century development agenda. The African university has the privileged burden of producing skilled human resources for providing public services, managing the economy and improving the livelihoods of their people; responding to development needs while also pushing the frontiers of knowledge and contributing to the global knowledge pool; enabling African nations to engage in scholarly and scientific commerce with other nations. This is not adequate while still perpetrating old models, curricula and research paradigms. The African University must be challenged to produce Africancentered knowledge with global appeal and reach, which, together with carefully selected knowledge developed across the globe, should form the basis of education at all levels and in all fields in Africa. It must be challenged to produce graduates of the highest level and quality; skilled and knowledgeable not just in technical and scientific know-how, but also in appropriate attitudes that compel them to contribute to Africa's human resource base rather than join Africa's brain drain. It must also be challenged further to derive new definitions for ourselves and by ourselves, and for global concepts in the spheres of education and knowledge production, industrialisation, environmental management, politics, and economic development.

The Pan African University model seeks to depart from traditional confining silos of mono-discipline and develop interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary approaches that recognize the nexus of knowledge and knowledge systems. All Africans need to possess some basic shared common knowledge about Africa and its position in the world - shared African history, culture, geography and values. Furthermore, African education systems need to produce in all graduates a culture of creative thinking, critical reasoning, entrepreneurship and innovation. This is necessary if knowledge and its products are to meaningfully contribute to an integrated, peaceful and prosperous Africa. Linkages with society and industry need to be nurtured through the education system, to avoid the traditional practice where education seemed to alienate Africans from their communities; and where graduates have to be re-trained to be suitable for jobs in industry; where the educated and semi-literate youth together fill the growing queues of unemployed and dis-enchanted populace. Africa is therefore on the threshold of new curriculum development paradigms that give expression to African renaissance and contribute to the collective vision: strengthening Africa's position as a generator and not only consumer of global knowledge and culture. The PAU curriculum development process has been undertaken with this in mind, and is designed to ensure the following:

Ÿ Improved contribution of higher education institutions to education quality enhancement, particularly teacher education and curriculum and educational materials development;

Ÿ The promotion of endogenous knowledge production and domestication of exogenous knowledge and its management;

Ÿ The facilitation, strengthening, development of dialogue, networks, cooperation, collaboration and partnerships between African Higher Education and public, civil society and private sectors;

Ÿ The building of partnerships and networks among African institutions and organizations, and with those in the South and North;

Ÿ Improvement

of institutional leadership, including management and governance of institutions.

Higher education is beyond doubt a propellant of economic growth and sustainable economic development, thus said PAU's strategic vision is to develop institutions of excellence in key areas of Science, Technology, Innovation, Social Sciences and Governance, which would constitute the bedrock of an African pool of world class higher education and research. This would usher in a new generation of African leaders with capacity to optimally harness available human and material resources, imbued with a common vision of a peaceful, prosperous and integrated Africa. The PAU was launched in December 2011, and the first three institutes in Eastern, Western and Central Africa will be opened with students in September 2012. By Dr. Beatrice Njenga on behalf of the PAU team, Beatrice is Head Education Division, Directorate of Human Resources Science and Technology African Union Commission. Edited by Chilalo Mumba.

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NADIYA MOOSAJE

FEATURES

South African Women in Engineering

Tell

background

beautiful country. We also did a road trips to Zimbabwe, Lesotho

I grew up in Johannesburg, and am one of 4 children. My parents

highlands, and Egypt as family vacations. We moved to Cape

your

journey,

always instilled the importance of school, doing our best and

Town, where I completed my high school at an all Girls school,

studying hard. My dad would always say, "If not the best, than

and that's really where I started to be more involved in

amongst the best" and whenever I would bring my report card

leadership and social issues, becoming head girl and president

home, he would always say "There is room for improvement."

of different societies. When it came to choosing a course of study, engineering was more an accidental choice. I always

No matter what my grades where. Growing up, that culture of

thought I would be a lawyer, but it was really my mum and dads

hard work taught me a great work ethic. My parents also tried to

encouragement that made me choose engineering. I chose civil

expose me to many different cultures, and people, and we did

engineering, and while it was a tough degree, and lots of hard

lots of road trips during the school holidays to different parts of

work, I really enjoyed the idea of changing the world through

South Africa. My dad's philosophy was that we had to see our

engineering. During my third year, my friend, Mabohlale

own back yard before travelling the rest of the world.

Mampuru and I co-founded South African Women in Engineering (SAWomEng) as a response to issues we faced as

I think that's where my love for travelling and South Africa

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young female soon-to-be engineers.

Growing up, that culture of hard work taught me a great work ethic. My parents also tried to expose me to many different cultures, and people, and we did lots of road trips during the school holidays to different parts of South Africa. My dad's philosophy was that we had to see our own back yard before travelling the rest of the world. I think that's where my love for travelling and South Africa comes from. I have been able to see almost every part of such a beautiful country. We also did a road trips to Zimbabwe, Lesotho highlands, and Egypt as family vacations. We moved to Cape Town, where I completed my high school at an all Girls school, and that's really where I started to be more involved in leadership and social issues, becoming head girl and president of different societies. When it came to choosing a course of study, engineering was more an accidental choice. I always thought I would be a lawyer, but it was really my mum and dads encouragement that made me choose engineering. I chose civil engineering, and while it was a tough degree, and lots of hard work, I really enjoyed the idea of changing the world through engineering. During my third year, my friend, Mabohlale Mampuru and I co-founded South African Women in Engineering (SAWomEng) as a response to issues we faced as young female soon-to-be engineers. thus far, 20 hours days for a month, but I never stopped smiling. It Through SAWomEng we help young girls make informed engineering study choices (unlike my accidental choice), showcase innovative technical solutions to engineering problems, and promote mentorship for students and young

was an occasion where the worlds eyes was on South Africa, and we exceeded expectations, silenced the critics and hosted the most amazing world cup yet, putting true African hospitality on the map.

graduates. I decided to pursue my Masters degree, once I graduated from my undergrad and specialised in Transportation Engineering, all the while growing SAWomEng into a national non-profit with a greater footprint.

After FIFA, I joined Pegasys, a fantastic strategy and development firm working on public transport, water and climate change. It's been a switch, from design and operations to devising strategies to assist government and industry in

In my second year of masters, I was recognised for outstanding leadership by the University of cape Town, and as such, spent a semester abroad at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. I learnt so much about myself, made friends from all over the world, travelled throughout Europe, and learnt a new

implementation of public transport and climate change adaptation. I still maintain my role of building our partnership base at SAWomEng and more recently, have been selected to be a board member of the International Youth Foundation, based in Baltimore.

language. I also had an opportunity to visit Tehran, Iran as an official representative on Women in Engineering for South Africa and present a conference paper. All the first world infrastructure that I saw in Europe, made me want to come back home and change South Africa.

IYF works in 79 countries on different programs around youth employment, skills development and leadership, another passion of mine, so working with such an amazing organisation has been a great experience. I am a fellow of their YouthActionNet Global Leadership program which helps social

I returned and joined one of the biggest consulting

entrepreneurs with leadership development.

engineering firms in South Africa working on transport assessments for private developments, the new nuclear power plant and green transport planning, while leading the dual life of co-founder at SAWomEng and growing our partnership base with the South African engineering industry.

I am also a member of the African Leadership Network which is a group of young, dynamic industry leaders across the continent looking at African prosperity. I think over the last 27 years, I have had a phenomenal journey, been exposed to so much wonder in the world. I am fortunate, that I have a

In 2010, I joined the FIFA world cup team to run the VIP and Media transport operations for the World Cup, at the Cape Town

supportive and loving family, both my parents, brothers and sister, and a great group of friends who make sure that I remain

Stadium. It has been one of my most memorable experiences

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Of your accomplishments, which would you say has been the

placed on the tongue, and attached to a video camera can

most intellectually stimulating?

give the ability to see with your tongue, and help people who

I think starting SAWomEng was been the most

have lost their vision. Robots which talk to you, cars which

intellectually stimulating. Everything that Mabo and I learnt has

run on batteries and doubling productivity while utilising the

been through experience and being mentored by some

same resources is all been done through technology.

phenomenal people. Growing three divisions of a national

Engineering is a field with endless possibilities and a

organisation with 81 volunteers, no full time staff, tight budgets

continual learning process as breakthroughs are made in

and a reach of 2000 girls within 6 years, while still growing our

way we interact with technology and machines.

own careers has really been a challenge. The biggest desire for us is to effect change, stay relevant as an organisation and consistently exceed expectations. This has been both fun,

Can engineering save the world? I would love to say yes, and I do believe that engineering

challenging, stretching our imaginations and intellectually

can and has changed the world, but more importantly and

stimulating. I look back at those daring and tenacious young

what I am coming to realise is that you need more than

girls and wish I could be like them all the time. It encourages

engineering. You need effective leadership to facilitate

me to keep breaking boundaries. I heard a fantastic saying the

engineering to change the world. If we do not have good

other day, it says, "if you dream big, and you think you can

leadership who see the value in investing in our education in

achieve it, then you not dreaming big enough."

science, maths, engineering and technology and do not enable engineers to implement, we will stagnate. This is

Is there a part of you that always knew you were a world-class

especially true in Africa. We have the greatest mineral

engineer long before you actually sat down for a lecture?

wealth, human capital, and because of political instability,

I got into engineering by accident, but I always new I

corruption, we are wasting our opportunity to build the next

wanted to change the world. Engineering has been the tool

world super power â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Africa. We need to have our leaders

which has allowed me to live out my dreams

start taking our development seriously, and see the legacy they could leave behind by building the continent, not holding

Does technology constantly set your vocation new challenges,

onto power, enriching themselves and suppressing the

thus making professional engineering itself a continual

innovation and ingenuity of its people, and engineering will

learning process?

help rebuild our new world.

Technology has become a game changer. I recently spent three weeks in the US on a US State Department International

What would you say to encourage our scholars

Visitor Leadership Program, with 9 other African Women

The key to success and greatness is hard work. Once

engineers around womens innovation in engineering and

you have mastered a great work ethic, not even the sky is

science. I visited some of the most advanced labs, companies,

the limit. So dream big and work hard to make those dreams

schools and universities. What I have witnessed, is how

a reality. I heard a fantastic quote that I want to leave you

technology integrated in class rooms provide a richer learning

with...it says "If you dream big and realise that the dream is

environment for students. Some of the advancements in high

achievable, you are not dreaming big enough!â&#x20AC;?

tech robotics was something I thought would happen in the future, and just realised that the future is happening now. The

Naadiya Moosajee

most amazing invention was a sensory microchip, which when

(BSc Eng,MSc Eng (UCT) (MBA-in Progress) SAWomEng Co-Founder

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FEATURES

PROFESSOR CLIVE CHIRWA

BUILDING THE FUTURE THROUGH ACADEMIC

EXCELLENCE Young people at schools, colleges and universities around the world on occasions ask me why education is so important for them. My answer has always been simple based on the Roman civil engineer Caius Julius Lacer who said "Pontem perpetui mansuram in saecula mundi", which if translated from Latin means "I leave a bridge forever in the centuries of the world". I put a spin to these words of wisdom and converted them to "Education is forever and nobody will take it away from you as long as it successfully helps you cross that bridge to prosperous adulthood".

It all began on 05 January 1954 when I was born in Mufulira, a copper mining town in Zambia. My full name is Efford Clive Chirwa, Jr. This is taken after my father, hence the junior. To differentiate myself I adopted my christening name Clive as my main name. Since primary school I have been known as Clive Chirwa. I am married to Elena the girl I met in a metallurgy lecture at University. After been rejected a few times I persevered to having Elena until I was the one to marry her. We have been together for 34 years and have two sons Dennis (31 yrs) and Daniel (25 yrs).

My interpretation of Caius Julius Lacer's words shows that education is rewarding if taken all the way, otherwise half baked knowledge is dangerous and does not yield the biggest fruits of success. This incredibly plain tinge of the power of learning has helped many people to have self belief with total control of their lives. For a simple reason that, the world is not always straight forward. It is vicious since you can lose everything, your work, your house, your car, your girlfriend or boyfriend, but nobody will take away your education. This is the only precious commodity that totally belongs to you. Therefore, approach education with enthusiasm, open mind and ready to be receptive to new thinking. Remember you are the future leader and this can only be realized by you building the future through academic excellence.

For my primary education I went to Central School, where the first Zambian President Dr Kenneth D. Kaunda taught before going into politics. From there I transferred to Mufulira Secondary School until I completed my secondary education. Subsequent to graduation I moved to Lusaka the Zambian capital. That same year I won a scholarship to study in the then Soviet Union, known today as Russia. This was my luckiest move since I also managed to have a beautiful wife.

My personal path to the title of Distinguished Professor of Automotive & Aerospace Engineering, world acclaimed engineer and inventor has followed these words of wisdom to the letter. How did I reach here?

After I completed my Masters Degree in Auto-tractor Engineering and Elena having completed her Masters Degree in Material Science, we returned to Zambia in 1981 to work in a government workshop called the Mechanical services Department. My work was monotonous, boring and was not fit for a qualified engineer, so I did not stay long and moved to become a lecturer in the School of Engineering at the University of Zambia. In 1982 after a competition, I was awarded the prestigious British Council Commonwealth Scholarship to go and

study for another Masters in Automotive Engineering at Cranfield University in the UK. Upon completion an opportunity arose to do my Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Aerospace structural Dynamics, a project sponsored by British Aerospace. The research work involved the study of a landing gear behaviour under extreme loading. At the end of my doctorate I delivered my thesis and came up with an invention of a passive energy absorbing system that cushioned excessive loads in case of an aircraft crash or heavy landing. This same invention has been used in most air and space vehicles that fly today. After my PhD in 1988, Elena and I went back to Zambia. I returned to the University of Zambia to lecture in the School of Engineering once again. However, one day in May of 1989, out of the blue I received a letter of invitation to go to the University of Liverpool in the UK to join a newly formed group set up to research, design and development of the next generation VTOL (Vertical Take Off & Landing) fighter aircraft. My challenge was to come up with a crashworthiness fuselage. You might wonder how I manage to be pioneering and constantly work at the fore front of everything I do. This did not start in the UK. It all started in Grade 7 at primary school when I entered in intermine-school mathematics and reasoning quiz. I won the competition among 25 of the mine schools on the Copperbelt in Zambia. Then when I transferred to secondary school I joined a club known as JETS (Junior Engineer Technician Scientist). I won the Copperbelt and National top prizes in the category of physics and biology in Forms II, III, IV and V. This is where my talent started unfolding. By the time I went to Russia and the UK to obtain those first class degrees, I was already trained by brilliant teachers at Mufulira Secondary School in Zambia. The foundation I had in science at Mufulira Secondary school was paramount to my success today as an internationally renowned engineer, distinguished specialist in c r a s h w o r t h i n e s s ( www.bolton.ac.uk/bee/baarg ) and Founder & Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Crashworthiness (www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/135882 65.asp).

â&#x20AC;&#x153;You might wonder how I manage to be pioneering and constantly work at the fore front of everything I do. This did not start in the UK. It all started in Grade 7 at primary school when I entered in inter-mine-school mathematics and reasoning quizâ&#x20AC;?.

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During my academic career that started from University of Zambia through Cranfield University, University of Liverpool and now University of Bolton, I have produced pioneering outputs disseminated through more than 120 peer review journal and conference papers, over 40 contract research and consultancy reports on real products that are working around the world, written and edited 8 books and proceedings and have delivered more than 40 keynote lectures and speeches at invited gatherings of specialists around the world. Furthermore, I have offered my consultancy services to over 50 leading global companies manufacturing cars, trucks, buses, trains, aircraft and spacecraft. I have also contributed to many of the standards used in design for crashworthiness of these machines. In addition, I have over the years advised governments of UK, USA, Australia, Canada, Singapore, Japan, China, and the European Union on transport safety. I am the current elected president of European Safety Group that from time to time advises the European Commission on transport matters. These achievements have been recognized internationally by a number of professional institutions who have bestowed on me their highest awards. This could not have happened without the help of the people I work with who have contributed to my achievements. I would like to salute them. In addition my hard work ethics together with my technical publication work rate have also helped me to become the first black professor with a chair affiliated to Automotive and Aerospace Industries. This is still the first dual Chair by a black African in academic history in the UK. My advice to young people residing in South Africa and anywhere abroad away from home is education is the key to success. Nobody will take education away from you. You can be made redundant but education will still be with you and will make you move to even better things. Therefore when choosing the University you want to go to, do not be blinded by universities world rankings. Consult widely and find the subject you are really interested in. You will find in many cases that each university has a

Professor Clive Chirwa Chair of Automotive & Aerospace Structures Head of Bolton Automotive & Aerospace Research Group Beng (Hons), MSc (Auto Trans), Msc (Auto Struct), PhD (Struct Dyn), MSAE, MIVehE, FEIZ

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subject area that they are world specialists. This may not be in a top ranked university. That course may be here in South Africa. For instance, medical students specializing in heart surgery. Your countrymen pioneered this heart transplant method that today is routine around the world. Why go overseas when your path to success is right here on South African soil. The second advice is learning to love hard work. Every time you are given a task do not leave it until tomorrow. Do it today, swiftly with precision and added value that means not minimalistic. Medals are hanged on those who bring benefits to their institutions and themselves. The third advice is do not under rate yourself. This is extremely important. I have seen many Africans around the world who are qualified but they do jobs that they were not trained for such as working in hotels, kitchens, retailing, security guards and so on when they have degrees. Once you go through this route you will never come out of the hole because your track record as a degree holder will not be there. Persevere to achieve what you want in life. The fourth advice is that as a student, while you have the opportunity; prepare yourself to be an independent thinker who cultivates the love of learning for future success as a visionary leader. Coco Chanel the owner of the fashion house is quoted to have said that "In order to be irreplaceable one must always be different". Do not be afraid of hard work since education gives you a chance that you would have never thought you would ever receive. Remember President Nelson Mandela when he was talking to the South African Rugby Captain Francois Pienaar on leadership. The President went on to say "We need inspiration because we need to build our nation, we must all exceed our own expectations". As a student you need to do more than necessary to achieve your goals. According to Virginia Satir "Expand your thoughts and you must not allow other people's limited perceptions to define yours". Your life success begins from the day you enter the world of knowledge. Be my hero show me you can.

FEATURES

GLADYS MAGAGULA

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Satellite Mission Control Specialist at South African National Space Agency (SANSA)

INTERVIEW BY: LUCKY MUSONDA

CATCHING SIGNALS S

enelisiwe Gladys Magagula is a 34 years old last born Daughter of David Magagula and Elizabeth Nyundu. She is the fourth child with a sister and two brothers. Gladys as we prefer to call her grew up in Pienaar â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Daantjie trust in the KaNyamazane area near Nelspruit in Mpumalanga-she calls it, "The beautiful province of Mpumalanga." Glady's father lost his job in the mid-80s and things would have been worse afterwards had it not been for her hardworking mother-a crafts woman. As a way of raising income, the family used make grass-mats for sale in addition to her mother's vegetable garden from which members of the neighbourhood used to buy. "I remember a passing-by neighbour expressed her joy when she saw us turning the soil getting it ready for planting the vegetables, as she was worried about where she was going to get spinach." Gladys recalls. Gladys started her fist schools days in 1984 at Siyakhula Lower Primary School. At that moment the school was under construction pupils were attending at a nearby school called Tiboneleni Lower Primary School- classes were held under a tree. "That did not last long though, our school was completed and we relocated." She recalls. She changed schools later as she progressed from standard (grade) to standardshe was always among the top ten in her class. With no specific dream she just wanted to complete school and be like her older sister who was working and having her own money. Glady's role models where the people she hang around with-from whom she selected traits she preferred. "I went to a school where career guidance was very poor and the only professions that a teacher would talk about were the popular ones like teaching, nursing etc. But I knew I don't want to be a teacher or a nurse, not that there is something wrong with those professions just that it was not for me." She emphasises. She did her undergraduate studies in Bachelor of Science Degree (Physics & Computer Science) at the University of the North.

During her final year I felt that she was not ready for the workplace just yet. Fortunately before the end of the same year, the Department of Communications visited the university and she learnt of scholarships being offered to scientists who wanted to study engineering. She applied and was selected. The scholarship helped her go to the Western Cape and studied at Institute of Satellite and Software Applications (ISSA) in Grabouw. She begun with a Postgraduate Diploma in Engineering (PDE) that was offered by Stellenbosch University then later went on to do a Masters Degree in Engineering Science (M. Eng. Sci.). "I got into engineering by chance but finding out about space was the most influencing factor. I grew up seeing satellite dishes on the side of the house that we used for DsTV signal. After finding out what a satellite was, I just wanted to know more into the satellites and space." She recalls. Gladys also attributes her success to her parents who believed in education. "I believe my parents were brilliant even though they lacked the opportunities themselves. They were uneducated so I had to explain to them what I was studying and why I chose the field and I had a lot of support especially from my father." No worried about lobola, her parents encouraged her to continue with her studies and follow her dreams. As the first in her family to go to an institution of higher learning, it gave them so much excitement, coupled with her good results, they trusted her judgement. From an early age, Gladys thought being female was just a biological factor. She engaged in chores that would ordinarily be socially perceived as being meant for boys. During her masters studies she was the only female. "It kind of felt good at the same time challenging because I had to represent the females not just by number but I had to be compete well." She says Another contributing factor was the move from University of North to Stellenbosch. "The

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Electronic and Electrical Engineering building had a cool auditorium where I remember we gathered to witness Mark Shuttleworth taking off to space." She recalls. The engineering faculty had everything students needed. "There was the Electronics lab where there was no need for us to share equipment unless that experiment required we work in pairs. The computer lab with internet access and all and the faculty had its own library." She adds. The University had competent lecturers who had not just been academicians but with vast industrial experiences as well. "My supervisor Gert-Jan van Rooyen was very supportive and believed in me. My background did not make him feel that he needed to hold my hand. He gave me the platform to excel...I was up to the task." She recalls. "I believe Stellenbosch University is a trendsetter in engineering and many other fields-the University managed to build a satellite (SUNSAT). When one hears the story of how they got the information as to how to put the satellite together one learns that not only black people where in a struggle before 1994. It was not easy for them too. Yet they did it." She adds. Below are her exact words describing her experience at SANSA, what how her future looks like and her words for fellow ladies. Actually SANSA found me here. I call myself a co-founder. I started here after the Launch of Sumbandila when we were still the Satellite Applications Centre for the CSIR. I sort of knew that I would work here. After completing my studies I went back home and was employed by Business Connexion at the Nelspruit branch doing R&D. I also assisted in the technical work, but I had made it clear that should the opportunity arise in the satellite field, I would like to pursue that. I received a call from Prof. Sias Mostert who was my lecturer at Stellenbosch University who was then a director at Sunspace and he informed me about the internship for the Sumbandila project. I jumped to the opportunity. It was not easy though because I had sort of established myself as a technician and was a valuable member of the BCX Nelspruit team. I did not know how to break the news to my boss then Mr Johan Meyer. It was also not easy for him to let me go but he understood why I wanted that so much. My first experience with SANSA was not easy. We had just celebrated a 50th anniversary of the station at Haartebeeshoek and now we had to be part of this new entity. I happened to be in parliament when I worked for Sunspace and some of the politicians did not understand why they should invest in space [programmes] when there are houses and bridges to be built. Currently I am a scientist who lives in the engineering world. Working here maybe someone else would be overwhelmed by all the machinery and the big antennae; I am interested in knowing how everything works. At some point I considered doing an engineering degree, that idea is not lost yet. I see myself in the high echelons of SANSA or a decision maker in the field of space science and technology. If I was a politician I would probably head the ministry of science and technology. (She says while laughing) Academically I would like to study something in the management side. Something like space law or space management or something along those lines I would encourage my fellow ladies to study engineering. Not only applied engineering but should be able to invent stuff. More often than not, women sell themselves short, reality has proved that if you give women an opportunity in these so called male dominated fields, they excel. As woman there are a lot of challenges that can stand in the way of us making it or not making it, like starting a family. Having to cope between keeping our families and our jobs can be very stressful. But if you have a supportive partner like I have, it's easier.

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MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES (CoBAMS) The College also offers Professional courses ie. CPA (U) as well as a wide ally of career enrichment Short Courses. College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS) Makerere University Plot 51, Pool Road P.O. Box 7062 Kampala-Uganda Tel: +256 414 530115 Fax: +256 414 532355 info@bams.mak.ac.ug www.bams.mak.ac.ug

The College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS) was formed as a merger between the Faculty of Economics and Management (FEMA) and the Institute of Statistics and Applied Economics (ISAE) following the University Council's recommendation in 2008 that required all Faculties and Institutes to explore and implement college formation, as part of the strategies to improve efficiency and effectiveness of the overall organisation and management of Makerere University.

The college offers the following courses both on graduate and undergraduate levels * Programmes to commence in academic year 2012/2013

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Accounting & Finance

Bachelor of Commerce (with Specialization in Accounting; Finance & Banking; Marketing; Insurance)

Marketing and Management

Bachelor of Business Administration (with Specialization in Procurement; Human Resource Management; Entrepreneurship; International Business)

Master in Public Infrastructure Management (MPIM)* Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA)* Master of Business Administration (MBA)

SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS Economic Theory and Analysis

Bachelor of Arts in Economics

PhD (Economics) Master of Arts in Economics

Policy and Development Economics

Bachelor of Arts in Development Economics

Master of Arts in Economic Policy Management (EPM) Master of Arts in Economic Policy and Planning (EPP) Master of Arts in Gender Analysis in Economics (MAGAE)

SCHOOL OF STATISTICS AND PLANNING Planning and Applied

Bachelor of Science in Business Statistics

Master of Science in Quantitative Economics (Msc QE)

Bachelor of Science in Quantitative Economics

Population Studies

Bachelor of Science in Population Studies

PhD Population Studies Master of Arts in Demography Master of Arts in Population & Development Master of Science in Population Studies Master of Science in Population & Reproductive Health Postgraduate Diploma in Demography Statistical Methods and Actuarial Science Bachelor of Statistics Bachelor of Science in Actuarial Science

Statistical Methods and Actuarial Science

Bachelor of Statistics

PhD in Statistics Master of Statistics Postgraduate Diploma in Statistics

Bachelor of Science in Actuarial Science

YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS

MUSA KALENGA

Group Head: Digital Marketing at Nedbank

JUST DO IT A

“The best way to learn is during an experience.”

t the age of 27, Lauded youth strategist and entrepreneur, Musa Kalenga has qualified as the youngest Chartered Marketer (SA) in Africa. With only 200 Chartered Marketers (SA) in Africa, the designation carries with it much prestige and responsibility. In 2005/2006 Musa became the first Chairman of the Youth Advertising Board of South Africa, enabling him to further advance his dedication to the youth empowerment cause by initiating a number of youth-related topical debates and discussions.

for my happiness except me.

Musa obtained his undergraduate Bachelor of Commerce with double majors in Marketing and Advanced Management at WITS University in 2007.

What motivated into studying Marketing? What was the major influencing factor? How did your parents/friends/guardians react to your choice of study? Did you at any point feel you should or may quit? What was the most interesting experience during your studies that kept you motivated? Any difficult moments or near-break points?

His keen insights into the youth led to the establishment of Monatefellaz, a marketing and research consultancy specialising in young consumers. Musa has been hailed as a marketing fundi by Sunday World newspaper and has received much acclaim for his work, including an unprecedented three nominations for the prestigious Black Business Quarterly Awards in 2008.

I initially wanted to be an Actuary – because of the way it sounds. It was such a difficult degree and it seemed like the ones who made it earned major money. My first year this was my intention, but due to my split focus and energy all over the place I failed my first year. This was one of the toughest situations I had ever been in. To fail as badly as I did and then to pick myself up and complete my degree.

Musa then headed up IHOP WORLD – a content, social media and influencer and experiential marketing company. In May 2011 Monatefellaz merged with IHOP a division of the Brand Leadership Group.

After failing first year, I registered for a Bcomm general and then allowed myself to discover the my passion for marketing. I really enjoyed marketing and excelled – this made it much easier to motivate myself and to continue. My parents did not really influence my choice of study funny enough, but they just encouraged me to get a qualification under my belt.

Musa is now Head of Group Digital Marketing at Nedbank. Describe your family background (Date of birth, place, siblings, and guardians/parents). I was born in lusaka on the 12th May 1984. I am the middle child of 5 siblings who were raised in a fairly conservative, but tight nucleus family. Growing up we moved around quite a bit going from Zambia to scotland, scotland to botswana and botswana to south africa. I found my upbringing to be memorable and diverse.

How would you describe WITS University as a learning institution? How equipped is the Marketing faulty? What about the staff levels? Lastly, student-student or studentlecturer relationship; how did these foster your education experience at WITS? Do you feel WITS University can help South Africa as a country in developing human capital not just in the field of e Marketing/Branding but others too? How?

We have always been middle class citizens. Our environment was stable – our moving around added texture to our upbringing and It was a really great experience for me. My mother is a teacher by training and later in life Graduated with an MBL from Unisa. She now works very closely with my Dad who runs a boutique consulting firm in Johannesburg.

I thoroughly enjoyed my latter years at wits (after the pain of my first year). As an institution I was challenged, supported and stimulated at wits. It has a rich and diverse body of students that flavours the studying experience in an unimaginable way. The marketing faculty was decent (I don't have anything to compare it to), but I was really engaged by a handful of lectures at my stay at wits. I think wits has a great model and ethos to which many young people could benefit. Due to their role as a leading academic institution, they contribute enormously to various professional fields.

Describe your first days at school. What did you expect your school to do for you? What was your dream and how did you think/expect school to help you realise that dream. Who was your role model (if any)? What was your outlook of life at that time?

Nedbank: Did you ever think you would work there? Describe your first experience with Nedbank. Has your work experience at Nedbank enhanced your career and interest in Marketing/Branding or one day you wish to make a cross-over to other fields of study?

I really enjoyed school – I have always been a people person and the fact that I went to a few schools was really great for me. I excelled in sport and cultural activities and was fair in the academic arena. Botswana had the most memorable school days and south africa was a complete culture shock because we arrive here in 1994 so as I am sure you can imagine the state of the nation at that point.

I didn't ever think I would be in a Bank, it has been an extremely interesting and different experience so far, but I am looking forward to making the best of it. I would like to complete my MBA at some point, but in the short term investigate a specialized qualification in digital marketing.

Describe your environment/neighbourhood (social status of your neighbourhood) and your parents/guardians source of livelihood.

What was worse is that my sisters and I had always been in multi-racial, multi cultural environments and then all of a sudden there was this HUGE racial gap between us and other children. It was unfortunate. I always wanted to be a football player – my lifetime hero was Kalusha Bwalya whom I idolized for the longest time. I still think he is an amazing man and now I have the pleasure of knowing him personally. My outlook on life has always been that we make out of it what we want and that noone was responsible

Where do you see yourself both professionally and academically in the next 10years? More actively involved in business as an entrepreneur – with start ups in rising industries. I would like to become strategically involved with larger corporations from an advisory capacity. What would your words be to those still considering studying Marketing/Branding (Especially young people)? In the famous nike pay off line - "Just do it". The best way to learn is during an experience.

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While the primary focus of General Motors South Africa (GMSA) is the assembly and distribution of vehicles, the company is equally committed to making meaningful and sustainable contributions towards the upliftment of the people of South Africa. This passion is founded upon a steadfast and relentless drive to help transform the country through the provision of valueadding support in key areas such as education. "This forms the foundation of our focus as we drive critical investment in supporting around 2000 students each year with scholarships and bursaries," said Denise van Huyssteen, GMSA Communications Manager. During the past 10 years alone GMSA has invested over R100 million in bursary and scholarship programmes and has also partnered with the local University in supporting key skills

projects. The GM South Africa Foundation is one of GMSA's flagship initiatives, focused on making significant improvements in the education and housing arenas through the development and sharing of best practices with key stakeholders. It is estimated that the knock-on benefit of the Foundation's programmes have to date reached over 125 000 people in South Africa. Projects include training programmes for school leaders, peace education, reading clubs, teacher learner care, science and technology among others. More recently, together with GMSA dealers the company has established the GM Childlife Foundation which provides support to non-profit organisations, focused on addressing the needs of young people in this country. This covers a wide range of areas from poverty alleviation to skills development.

HUNGER FOR EDUCATION, IS IT ENOUGH? Entrepreneurial H Reasons for high student drop outs at universities

YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS

ABEY MOKGWATSANE

ave I just made up a word? Probably, however this word resonates with the demands of modern leadership in my view. I believe that entrepreneurs are leaders and leaders should be entrepreneurial. Entrepreneurs, by definition, have to find new solutions to old problems, create value where nobody else had previously thought was possible, have vision, inspire people, and have the tenacity to take risks. All these traits are common with those required of effective leaders today.

Leadership

A lot has been said and written about ethical leadership of which I am also a firm believer. This school of leadership thought states that great leaders demonstrate the following traits – vision, courage, good judgment, emotional intelligence, empathy, passion, and integrity. I think that one would find it difficult to argue with these leadership virtues, one would also find it difficult to argue that these are virtues not a requirement of modern entrepreneurship. A combination of these entrepreneurial and ethical leadership virtues creates the kind of leadership that society requires today. I don't think that all the ethical leadership traits were present in the leadership of the past and in many instances today. Society-at-large has lost faith in the institutions they used to use as a point of reference for good leadership – the Church, Banks, Companies, Governments and Presidents, have all lost their place as untainted points of reference for great leadership. There have been too many scandals, bankruptcies, corruption and damage to our environment at the hands of the leaders we trusted. Perhaps this is a function of the efficiency of modern communication – perhaps back-in-the-day, secrets could remain secrets, maybe the indiscretions of our leaders were more difficult or too dangerous to expose – whatever the reason, most societies have broken free of the shackles of sponsored intimidation and with a free media, have access to the darkest corners of the highest echelons of power. Entrepreneurship has not always been a positive force. One can think back to the many societies pillaged, colonised and enslaved by the entrepreneurs of that day - the bedrock of South Africa's economic transformation was built on the backs of modern day slavery in our gold and diamond mines. It was much easier for entrepreneurs in the past to amass wealth at the expense of society for the enrichment of only a few. Modern society is far the wiser and has grown increasingly impatient. Thus, the demands of modern leadership have changed. Fortunately, from my experience, those graduating from schools today are recognising the need to sustainably address the imbalances of the past. It is also encouraging that the National Planning Commission has as its primary goals – from the elimination of poverty to narrowing the inequality gap in South Africa. We will never be a successful nation or continent while the majority of our people live in poverty, that type of success is like putting water into a leaking bucket. I think this type of new leadership requirements stems from the new ethical leadership dialogue; it's a lot more win-win in its tone. The ethical leadership dialogue however misses the beat on the entrepreneurial flair required to keep us moving forward. It isentrepreneurial flair that makes leadership that much more forward leaning. Hence the title of this essay - entrepreneurial leadership is the recipe for our sustainable success as a nation and as a continent. Long may it be unearthed, nurtured and celebrated. Abey Mokgwatsane Chief Executive Officer - Ogilvy South Africa

Confident but unassuming, Abey Mokgwatsane has taken the helm at the country's biggest marketing communications group at 34, with the track record that began at VWV when he was 27.

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make will be based on the specific career you wish to pursue. The minimum entry requirement is a Senior Certificate or an N3 plus two languages at grade 12 level. For some of the courses such as the technical courses, paramedical and science you will require a minimum of mathematics and a science subject. These colleges could be an ideal choice if you decide to combine work and study. In many instances you can have a contract of employment and be encouraged or required to study in order to gain the practical experience. On satisfactory completion of your studies, you will receive a Diploma or a BTech degree. There are a variety of study options including Art, Design, Performing Arts, Hotel and Catering, Commerce, Business Management, Computer studies, Science, Engineering and Secretarial.

o what options are available to you? What are you going to do now that you have left school? The options depend on a number of factors including your results. Have you passed matric? What are the financial considerations? What are your personal interests and abilities? Assuming you have considered all the options we mentioned in the previous article you should have now arrived at a decision. Firstly, let us have a look at the study options assuming that this is the direction in life that you have chosen. If this is your choice then you need to consider a variety of options open to you. Bear in mind that tertiary or higher educational institutions have their own entry requirements.

3. Study Options After School

In addition Universities, Technikons and Technical Colleges are all very different and offer a very different rang of study choices. Your choice of institution will depend on your individual needs and ability. University The emphasis at university is on the academic and more formal side of learning. In whatever your chosen field of study, you will gain a very broad base of skills and knowledge. You will need to achieve or to have achieved a matric exemption in order to be accepted. For some specific faculties of study, there may be additional requirements. These requirements you can establish by contacting the university directly. You will have a wide choice of study fields that include the Arts, Science, Humanities, Education, Law, Medicine, Engineering, Commerce and Theology. Further Education and Training Institutions Recent changes in the education system have seen the introduction of new institutions of both "Higher Education" and "Further Education" Technikons have been included at the same level as universities and learners can now study for a technically inclined degree. An example would be Pretoria Technikon, which is now called "Pretoria University of Technology". You will have a combination of theoretical and practical subjects to choose from. The choice you

Public Further Education and Training Colleges (FET colleges) Public FET colleges now replace what historically were called technical colleges. If your choice is to pursue a specific trade then the FET College is the choice for you. Here the emphasis is on trade skills and craft skills. You would qualify as an artisan, to work with your hands, or alternatively qualify for a specific job in the workplace. The minimum entrance requirement is a grade nine. You would have to be at least 16 years old. The FET College offers a more theoretical type training and your more practical or work related training would be done on-the-job. On satisfactory completion of your studies you would be awarded a National Certificate. The study options available to you would include Travel and Tourism, Health, Community Care, Hairdressing, Business studies, Engineering, Mechanics and Mining. Distance Learning This is another way of describing home study or correspondence courses. You can study at your own pace and would be required to submit assignments from time to time. This is another option available to you should you decide to work and study at the same time. The subject range is wide and varies from one institution to the next. The advantages are that you can study at your own pace, you can earn while you learn, distance to and from college is not a problem, and you can form your own study group with some friends, The disadvantages are that you have no regular teacher, you are on your own and must motivate yourself to study, it can be lonely, you can be tired after a day's work. The choice as you can see is very wide and varied so you need to consider your options very carefully. I suggest that you make contact with and preferably go and visit the various institutions and have a chat with the student recruitment officer regarding your particular interests. Many of the tertiary institutions offer aptitude tests and career counseling to prospective students. ÂŠ Des Squire (Managing Member) AMSI and ASSOCIATES cc des@amsiandassociates.co.za Des has compiled a 77 page manual entitled "The way forward - a guide to life and the world of work". To purchase a copy Des on 082 800 9057 or des@amsiandassociates.co.za

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CAREER PLANNING

RAJ NARAN Career Development Educator and Team Leader - Employment Services Counselling and Careers Development Unit University of the Witwatersrand

IS CAREER PLANNING A LIFELONG PROCESS?

We are bombarded with advice on how to go about planning our careers. For some, particularly parents wanting to secure the futures of their children, the goal is to get a degree that will guarantee employment, security and, ideally, a good income. For others, particularly idealistic students, the idea is to pursue a dream and with that the promise of doing a job that one loves. Are these two streams of thought mutually exclusive? Having been in the arena of career counselling for a couple of decades now, I think that I can say with confidence that one approach does not suite all individuals. What makes me say this? My experience in one of the largest campus based universities on the continent has provided me with ample opportunity to interact with a very wide range of individuals and organisations over a period that has seen dramatic changes in the demographics of the university, in the world generally and in the World of Working particular. So let's pick out a couple of the more prominent themes and issues.

Is there ever such a thing as a career for life? For some there is only one vision of how they see themselves growing in the world of work, i.e. becoming specialists in their field and striving towards the highest possible level of achievement. Still, one can't help wondering how an eighteen year old fresh out of school is supposed to figure out what this special field is. I will grant that there are exceptions; individuals who are single minded about what they want to do after leaving school and who systematically go about achieving their goals with a strong sense of self-awareness (knowledge of their abilities, personalities, values and interests) and awareness of opportunities. For most though "some trial and error" or "testing the waters is necessary" and a process is required to identify realistic career options. It is during such tests that individuals often establish their suitability (or unsuitability) for a particular field or career. Does this mean that all is lost if after having studied for several years on a particular track one feels that time has been wasted barking up the wrong tree? Certainly not. Career decisions are seldom irreversible and the value of these trial and error experiences is vitally important in helping us establish our strengths and weaknesses as long as we see the benefit of setting new goals and identifying realistic means of achieving these goals.

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Some ideas include repackaging our skills sets for a different career path, considering retraining or further training, side-tracking or back-tracking in order to re-establish ourselves on new career paths. Such transitions may often carry with them significant life changes and risks but they are achievable as long as individuals are open to the idea of adjustment and change! Do I determine my career path, or does the environment? We have probably read numerous accounts by those promoting individual empowerment that we are the architects of our own destinies. This is indeed a noble and inspiring approach to career development, and one that I would certainly not ask anyone to abandon. However, what does an individual who is seriously affected by, for example; a limited economy, major unemployment /retrenchment, a shrinking industry or a downsizing organisation do in order to function normally? Selfemployment is certainly one option.However, for many the call may be to take some serious stock and look at ways in which we can adapt or adjust rather than how we can sustain career paths that have now disintegrated. In similar vein, how does one counsel or advise an individual who is seeking to re-establish a sense of involvement in a career path or job when it becomes clear that an increased sense of satisfaction is not likely to be achieved by pursuing such a career path or job?Indeed, I am suggesting that it may be necessary to deeply examine one's inner sense of happiness and achievement to re-establish some core values and identify some personality qualities that allow one to function meaningfully these periods of gloom. Don't get me wrong, I am not for a moment suggesting that we settle for less than the best of the alternatives available or that we become passive in the way we manage our career development. I am, however, emphasising the need, once again, to be prepared to adapt and to continue to pursue learning alternatives that help us to be great role models for ourselves firstly and for others. Being willing to take some calculated risks definitely forms a strong part of my picture of career development and adjustment during such times of change. Questions: 1. Given the current employment climate globally, what's the more important consideration for a student in choosing a course: job-prospects or passion? Ashleigh Atieno – Kenya

Hi Ashleigh, This is a very loaded question and I would be hard pressed to find a "one size fits all answer to it". Ideally, one would like to incorporate a strong allegiance to one's values, personality, abilities and interests in exploring alternative options. These, however, clearly need to be balanced with the reality of the economies within which we operate. Job prospects or passion are seldom mutually exclusive and rarely achieved in a totally balanced way.

continue the learning process, either through further study towards higher degrees or through further skills based training and relevant experience. For some the need to change career direction may also spark the need to start studying towards an alternative degree or other qualification.

3.Indigenous students complain constantly about student debt. When governments take steps to make higher education more affordable, are the concerns of international students also under consideration? HlengwaManzini – South Africa

This is certainly a loaded question and very linked to policies regarding citizenship and rights to education. It does seem to be a general practice though, for foreign nationals to foot their own expenses in many countries. South Africa seems to be one of these examples. I'm afraid that I do not have an overview of how the concerns of international students in this regard.

4.What financial aid options, besides scholarships, available to international students going abroad? Is the bursary threatened by extinction? Michael Kakuba– Uganda

I don't have enough information to answer this question.

5. What does one lose in electing to study online as opposed to on-campus? What is it about the classroom experience that makes it so essential, if I'm ultimately going to come back home? Patricia Kashiba – Zambia

Much has been written and said about the advent of university education becoming a cyberspace event and while there has been enormous progress in getting people to conference online, there is simply no replacement for the first-hand experience of being a campus based university student. From where I stand it is the experience of diversity that that one is most likely to miss out on most. Universities are generally places that bring together people from a broad range of backgrounds, experiences and life orientations and a campus based education provides individuals with an opportunity to have first-hand encounters with this richness. In the class-room itself such diversity represents itself in the different viewpoints that one is more likely to be exposed to.

2. How do I keep a particular qualification competitive? Is a degree only enhanced by going back to school for even higher education? SiphokaziMagona – South Africa

Hi Siphokazi, I think of career development as being a life-long process. In this context, it is very likely one's degree loses its competitive edge and this may be a reminder as to why it is important to

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available to assist in putting you on the right track. Seek the advice of a qualified career guidance counsellor who can help you to determine your career direction and at the same time establish how mature and ready you are for a career. Counselling of this nature will determine what areas of your life you may need to change and what career direction will best suit you. Broaden you horizons and experience Take some part-time work or do some voluntary work to help you establish what your likes and dislikes are. This will give you invaluable experience and will look good on your first CV. Consider all your options carefully. It is nice to do the things we like in life and nothing can be worse than being trapped in doing something we dislike. You are starting out on a journey that will offer many challenges and a great deal of excitement. The attitude you adopt now will make all the difference in terms of what the future holds for you. Nothing more important than the image you have of yourself. Believe in yourself and in your abilities.

4. Looking For Your First Job

s with everything you do in life maturity and an adult approach is what is called for. In this particular case maturity refers to your readiness to choose and to make a responsible decision regarding your future. With thousands of occupations to choose from this is not a particularly easy task. So where do you start? The most important and first consideration is "To know yourself". Know what direction you want to take in life. Sure you will make wrong choices, and yes you will change career direction from time to time. The important thing is, to try to reduce the number of times you might want to or feel the need to, make such changes. Far too many young people make career decisions for all the wrong reasons. Changes will occur as you develop in your career. This will come about as you get to know yourself better and as you come to realise that, you have skills and talents of which you were not aware. The people you meet will also influence the career direction you take, as will the opportunities that present themselves as you proceed in life. You will never be totally certain that you have chosen the right career and that you will remain in this particular career for the rest of your life. There are however, certain things you can do to guide you in the right direction. Seek guidance from your parents Your parents have had 18 or so years to get to know you and to have made certain decisions regarding you and your particular talents and abilities. Ask for advise and listen in a responsible and mature manner to what they have to say. Do not let your parents push you into a career, remember that it is your choice, but do listen to and weigh up what your parents have to say. Take guidance from them yes, but make the decision for yourself. Psychological tests There are many good psychological tests

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Forget the past and accept yourself as you are today. Put the bad experiences behind you, forget the bad times and most importantly do not dwell on negatives. What happened yesterday is history. Learn from the experience and let it go. There is no point in living in the past. The future is what you make it and you have the right to choose. Self-confidence comes from having belief in yourself, a positive approach, and going forward in faith believing that the future holds great thing for you. Believe in who you are and in what you can do. Be positive about yourself and your approach to life. Those who dwell on the past are too lazy to move forward, they have no dream, no goal and no aspirations. You have some very special gifts and some fine talents that are unique to you. You must bring these to the fore for others to see. Accept the challenges that come your way and make the most of them. Set realistic and achievable goals for yourself. Reach for new heights and most importantly do not be afraid to try new things. Reach for the stars and take each day as it comes but in doing so give of your best at all times. From time to time, you will make mistakes. You might even fail at what you are doing. Is that such a problem? Not in the least! Learn from your mistakes and remember that failures become new challenges and opportunities. The attitude with which you approach these obstacles is what makes the difference. Problems are opportunities so embrace them and tackle them one at a time. There are no easy ways in life and no shortcuts to what you want to achieve. Your success will require effort, dedication and above all commitment from you. ÂŠ Des Squire (Managing Member) AMSI and ASSOCIATES cc des@amsiandassociates.co.za Des has compiled a 77 page manual entitled "The way forward - a guide to life and the world of work". To purchase a copy Des on 082 800 9057 or des@amsiandassociates.co.za

REGULARS

SCHOOL IS OVER

apply. Do not waste your time in replying if you do not fall into the category the advertiser is looking for. This will avoid frustration. If you are required to post, fax or e-mail your CV put a brief covering letter with it. Make your letter interesting and try to captivate the attention of the reader. The purpose of the letter is to encourage the reader to study your CV. Sell yourself. When writing such a letter be courteous and refer to the person to whom you are writing as Sir or Madam. Show respect. This might sound "corny" to you now, but it is important to a potential employer. If you are required to telephone, make sure you speak to the correct person. Speak confidently, clearly and slowly. Be polite, business-like and avoid being over chatty. Explain the reason for your call and request a suitable time for an interview. Make a note of the date, time and venue for the interview. Approach companies directly

ou have now decided on a way forward and have established a direction in life you want to follow. I trust you have also compiled an impressive CV? That then completes the preliminary work. That in fact was the easy part, now comes the challenge. There are many ways to go about finding a job so let's have a brief look at some of the more important ones. Do not concentrate on just finding a job, look at the big picture, visualise your future, and seek employment that offers a potential career path.What most young people do today is to circulate a CV and/or respond to advertisements in the press or on line. Register with a reputable Employment Agency

5. How To Find A Job

Contact the employment agencies in your area and particularly those that specialise in the type of career you have decided to follow. There is no point in going to a secretarial agency if your choice of career is in the retail sector. Make contact with the Association of Personnel Organisations and check on the specific agencies that you wish to deal with. The Association will be happy to point you in the right direction and will be able to provide details of registered members. Make an appointment to meet with a representative of the agency and explain what you are looking for in terms of your career. Leave a copy of your CV with them and ask them to assist you in your quest for employment. Dress in an appropriate manner to create a good impression. Denims and takkies are out. A neat and clean appearance is important. Keep jewelry to a minimum. Employment agencies are not allowed to charge a registration or constancy fee Make use of the classified section of newspapers Study the advertisements carefully. Make note of the qualifications that are required before you

Visit specific companies and try to set up appointments with the recruitment officer or personnel Manager. It is better to visit personally and to try to meet face to face rather than telephone and set up an appointment. First impressions are important and it is easier to create a good first impression face to face. Explain the reason for your call and ask if it would be convenient to have a brief meeting or if it would be more suitable to set up an appointment. Dress as outlined above and do not use first names when speaking to the manager. Be respectful in every way. Send your CV with a covering letter to companies that operate in the field you wish to enter. You covering letter should be brief and professional. It should be written in such a way that it will encourage the manager to look at your CV. Request the opportunity to meet in order to discuss your career aspirations. Suggest potential dates and times that would suit you. You are seeking a position at a particular so under no circumstances make or give the impression you are demanding or feel you are entitled to anything. Humility and a courteous approach will get you a lot further. In preparing for the interview, you should try to find out more about the company. Who are they and what do they do? Where do they operate? Who their main competitor is? How long have they been in existence? What is their reputation in the market? Consider why you like to join this particular company? What can they offer in terms of your career? Why do you want to take a job there? The interview is the most important part of your quest for employment, treat it as such. Have the courage of your convictions and go out and make things happen. Nothing will come to you. You must look for your own opportunities in life.

ÂŠ Des Squire (Managing Member) AMSI and ASSOCIATES cc des@amsiandassociates.co.za Des has compiled a 77 page manual entitled "The way forward a guide to life and the world of work". To purchase a copy Des on 082 800 9057 or des@amsiandassociates.co.za

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LIFESTYLE

THE DATING GAME

THE DATING GAME: READING BODY LANGUAGE

So men are from Mars and women are from Venus? If we just don’t come from the same place at all, is there any hope of our ever understanding one another? Well, maybe…. Right chaps, listen up. This is important. In fact, girls, there's plenty for you, too, so please read on. I have just received a lesson in understanding body language from a behavioural psychologist and dating coach. It was encouraging, disheartening and baffling all at once. Let's get the bad news out of the way first. It's not easy being a man and here's why. A woman is capable of giving off approximately 50 different signals through body language, whereas the less complex gentleman is only able to muster around 10. This makes men easier to understand, putting us at an immediate disadvantage. It gets worse. According to my coach, females are better at picking up and understanding signals. But it's a doddle for them, isn't it? When they're on a date, they only have to decipher a few signals. Men, my coach tells me, struggle to appreciate what different gestures mean. But, surely we get confused because when we are out with a girl we have to unravel the meaning of dozens of signals. It's not our fault! Apparently, males' interpretations are based more on what they hear than what they see. So what body language signals should men look out for if they want to know whether a girl likes them or not? Cocking of the head, maybe? Flicking of hair? Smiling? ‘People cock their head to listen,’ says my coach. ‘Just because someone is listening doesn't mean they are interested in you, and flicking your hair is a nervous gesture. Smiling is, to a degree, a sign of attraction but it's also something you can put on. You can fake a smile. It's fairly easy to do.’ OK, what then? ‘A woman may pull up her sleeves.’ Sorry? ‘Yes, it's a subconscious way to show you the soft, gentle, tender woman that she is. It is one of the unusual ones but it's very common and fun to watch out for. ‘The other thing we like to do is shut the distance between us. I would push something towards you slightly. It could be a glass or a menu on a table. I'm leaning in and delivering a message that I want to get closer. It's quite odd because it looks like you are pushing someone away but in fact you are drawing them towards you.’ Other indicators to look out for are stroking the rim of a glass, playing with a necklace, looking at you then looking away before she fixes her gaze back on you.

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I'd have thought those were symptoms of nervousness. What was that about men being unable to read the signs? The most important body language for both sexes is eye contact. ‘If you want to deliver a message without speaking you would hold someone's eyes,’ says my coach. ‘The danger is it makes you look bonkers if you hold it too long. You need to time it perfectly.’ My coach says a man's body language only really differs when he is lying or finds a woman attractive. So don't cover your mouth with your hand. She won't believe you. If you are attracted to her you should subconsciously be giving off the appropriate signals. But, if you are so simple that you are incapable of even that, then fear not. It is, says my coach, possible to practise and rehearse the correct body language. Pay attention girls. If you find a man doing the following don't be perturbed, it's probably because he likes you. ‘A clear sign is what is known as the flirting triangle. It's looking to each eye, down to her mouth and then back up to her eyes to reconnect.’ Yes, I'm pretty sure I've done that. ‘Another thing men do is to hold their shoulders back. They breathe in and sort of puff themselves up.’ I've definitely done that but isn't it just having good posture? A third, my coach says, is ‘putting your thumbs through the belt loops of your trousers’. That's ridiculous. I've never done that. Oh well, I suppose if you get your thumbs stuck in your trousers you could always tell her how you feel. BODY LANGUAGE: A FEW INSTANT GIVEAWAYS She likes you if… • She pulls up her sleeves (the wrist is the softest part of her body) • She pushes her wine glass – or yours – towards you (keen to close the distance between the two of you) • She plays with her necklace and flicks her hair He likes you if… • He looks at each of your eyes, then mouth, then back to your eyes again (known as the flirting triangle) • He breathes in and pushes his shoulders back (imagine a strutting peacock) • He adopts a cowboy pose – hands on hips and thumbs in belt loops So now we know. And it’s on to the next stage – learning to decipher each other’s actual words! Written by Peter Hutchison, this article originally appeared in The Daily Telegraph

LIFESTYLE

QUIT SMOKING

Most people who smoke at least a pack of cigarettes per day have tried to quit at some point in their smoking "career," but unfortunately returned to smoking, mainly because quitting involves combining several strategies and behavioral modifications, it's not just about the nicotine. In fact, smokers create several habits, rituals, and behaviors that they take for granted and fail to replace when trying to quit. That is why quitting cold turkey without help sends 95% of ex-smokers back to cigarettes within 6 months. Most quitting methods, like the pills, the patch, and nicotine gum address only nicotine, but behavior modification is the only way to ensure permanent cessation. (1) Breathing pattern: Smokers take between 9 and 14 drags off one cigarette. If you smoke a pack a day (about 20 cigarettes), that means you are inhaling, holding, and exhaling over 200 times a day in a particular way (two packs a day = 400). Although the smoke contains over 700 toxins, the breathing pattern is relaxing and meditative. When smokers quit, they fail to replace this ritual, which leads to stress and builds anxiety, especially when they feel the urge to smoke. Try pretending you have a cigarette and breathe the same way as often as you smoke. This also aids in digestion.

(2) Change of environment: At least 90% of smokers change their environment every time they have a cigarette. That means leaving an office, restaurant, factory, home or party to step outside. This change of scenery is an escape from the hustle and bustle, or the stress of work. Add to the fresh air a glance at the sun or stars, and you've built in some stress relief. Take "fake smoke breaks" after quitting.

QUIT SMOKING 5 strategies that really work

(3) Replace nicotine with natural stress relievers and motivators: Hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes disrupt the central nervous system, creating and heightening anxiety, nervousness, doubt and frustration. Nicotine provides just enough kick to make smokers feel normal for 20 to 30 minutes. Ex-smokers must replace and replenish the body's capacity to produce normal hormones that defeat anxiety and motivate them into action Specific natural foods, vitamins and supplements boost dopamine and serotonin production, and balance the central nervous system. Vitamin B complex, mucuna, and cabbage are great examples

(4) Hand to mouth habit: Multiply a dozen drags of a cigarette by a pack a day, and that's about 250 hand- to-mouth motions a day, a ritualized behavior that must be replaced by something productive and mood enhancing. Eating raw mixed nuts, sipping a healthy drink, nibbling on dark organic chocolate or chewing licorice replaces cravings and converts a bad habit into a productive one.

(5) Shift your acid heavy system to alkaline: Most smokers have given up on nutrition and exercise. Common food for smokers includes meat, dairy, processed foods, alcohol, sugar, salt, and possibly artificial sweeteners. In order to defeat stress, the body must be more alkaline than acid, which means consuming mostly fresh vegetables, fruit, and spring water. This balances the system and detoxifies it, driving away the urge to smoke After breaking the nicotine addiction in 3 to 4 days, a new non-smoker must face the facts that there are at least 5 major ritualistic behaviors they've created and fostered that must be replaced somehow with productive ones. Without addressing behavior modification, attempting any smoking cessation program is like running a marathon with a broken foot. (1) http://addictions.about.com/od/overcomingaddiction/f/vitamin_B.htm

(4) http://www.serotune.com

(2) http://www.puritan.com

(5) http://quitsmoking.about.com/od/preparetoquit/a/mythsvsfacts.htm

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ENTERTAINMENT

MAX PAYNE 3

Eagerly anticipated and due for release for the month of May is the action packed, third-person shooter, Max Payne 3. Sleepless nights have kept former New York City detective, Max Payne up at night as he battles to come to grips with his troubled past.

amers Colony has been at the forefront of Social gaming

and events in South Africa for the past few years establishing themselves as one of South Africa’s leading Social Gaming Events Companies. Amongst the many diverse and broad gaming services offered, the company specialises in a multitude of Social gaming events like; Year end office gaming socials, Event launches, Local and international Lans and caters to even smaller events such as friendly socials, birthdays, wedding and much more! In addition Gamers Colony sells and rents games to the public and has a 24 hour online ecommerce store which caters for hundreds of Xbox, PS3, PC and Nintendo gaming titles. Gamers Colony specializes in limited edition and collectors edition titles which are often difficult to acquire in South Africa. To book your next Social gaming Event or for more information please visit www.gamerscolony.co.za or www.gamerscolony.com for more!

MAX PAYNE 3: Genre: Third-Person Shooter Publisher: Rockstar Games Developer: Rockstar Studios Also on: PC, PS3 and Xbox Gamers Colony Link: http://www.gamerscolony.com/Max_Payne_3_PS3 Eagerly anticipated and due for release for the month of May is the action packed, third-person shooter, Max Payne 3. Sleepless nights have kept former New York City detective, Max Payne up at night as he battles to come to grips with his troubled past. In this version of Max Payne, players can expect to see a very different side to the action hero as he starts a new life in Sao Paulo, Brazil working security detail and offering his protection to a wealthy industrialist and his family. Underestimating the treat, the client and his family are targeted by a ruthless gang and are taken captive. Now facing his inner demons, he must fight to save their life’s along with clearing his name in the process. On the technical side, the game boasts highly-refined gameplay with cutting edge technology which beautifully and seamlessly integrates cinematic action sequences with real-time game play. As a fan of the Max Payne franchise, what truly made Max Payne stick out from the rest of the video games out there was the arsenal of realistic weapons and sophisticated Bullet-time mechanics which was a revolutionary for its time and has been re-enhanced in Max Payne 3 to establish a new level of visual excellence! From an artistic approach the game is dark, gritty which is what you’d come to expect from the Max Payne franchise, but the new set locations in Brazil and other areas in the game offer a far more extensive landscape and 3D set environment. In addition to an expansive single-player campaign, Max Payne 3 introduces to the series a multiplayer experience. This online mode dynamically alters maps and mode progression for all players in a match. In summary, the game is everything Max Payne fans have been waiting for and more, it delivers the thrills serious gamers expect from a third person game, but offers very little we’ve seen before. The game is available from Gamers Colony and is AFRICAN SCHOLAR MAGAZINE available on the following platforms PC, PS3 and Xbox.

ENTERTAINMENT

MOVIES

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SEX.....SELLS

Money may not be able to buy love, but it can play a huge

role in any relationship – sometimes it plays a greater role than you think. Let's look at what it's like to be with a sugar daddy Article and picture courtesy of loveLife, South Africa's largest HIV prevention programme for young people. Do you pay your own way or do you have something sweet on the side? Like your own personal sugar-daddy? Some people are in it for love and some are in it for money. And some are in it for both. Sugar-daddies come with perks: rides in expensive cars, unlimited clothing budgets, phones, airtime and restaurant lunches. Sure, these are great, but there is also an element of love there, right? When you get certain, let's say, material comforts in return for giving it up, this is sometimes referred to as 'transactional sex'. Like the name implies, a transaction is taking place: one thing in return for another. Quite often, the moral spotlight will fall on older men who date younger girls – those men commonly referred to as "sugar daddies". However, not all transactional sex is between people of different ages. In fact, it's all about the inequality of money, power and status. Girls say they turn to sugar-daddies for financial and material security, which is something that someone their own age may not necessarily be able to give them. In a survey conducted with women aged between 16 and 30 it was found that despite the public demands for gender equality, most women still prefer to be 'taken care of' over being self-sufficient. Almost 50% of the women who participated said they would be willing to exchange sex for money to supplement their lifestyles. Truth is, only 15% of them actually need the money. Janet Gibbins, a Sandton-based psychologist, puts it down to young people having a "right here, right now mentality." She argues that young women don't necessarily realise that the quick material fix may come with high emotional, psychological and physical risks. A recent Human Science Research Council Survey shows that women aged between 20 and 34 are the most at-risk population for HIV infection with prevalence sitting at 32,7%. The survey reports that between 2005 and 2008, the percentage of women with sexual partners who were more than five years older than them increased by almost 10%.

Gibbins suggests that this increase highlights the unequal status of women, particularly young women, in society. She says older men have more money and it seems to be increasingly socially acceptable for them to have sexual relationships with young women.

Veronica* is a second-year Public Relations student who is currently in such a relationship. She met her man in her matric year. "Cameron* buys me everything. Sometimes I'll be hungry, so I'll call him up like 'baby, come pick me up – let's do lunch', and he'll be here in a minute". Veronica's man throws obscene amounts of cash at her. "He is the CEO of his company," she says. But even for the good times, there's an ugly side to their relationship. According to Veronica, Cameron is very possessive. "It wasn't too long ago when I came to school bruised and broken-hearted. The night before we were at a function where I'd been the centre of attention in the dress he'd bought me. "I know something wasn't right when we drove to his place in awkward silence." Out of nowhere, Cameron started an argument. The fight got physical and in the morning Veronica left him. Violence and abuse happens often in transactional relationships because the power dynamics in these relationships are unequal. "It can be empowering – but what are you sacrificing for this thrill and false sense of power?" asks Gibbins. Many sugar-daddies refuse to use condoms, which increases their partners' risk of falling pregnant, contracting HIV or another sexually transmitted infection. Research shows that between 2002 and 2008, the rate of new infections among young women decreased quite dramatically. However, due to over-riding social inequalities, they are still the group that is most at risk. Some of this is because young women – who start off their teens mostly HIVnegative become trapped by the allure of sugar-daddies, who have a much higher prevalence of HIV than boys their own age. It's often very difficult for them to ask their men to wear condoms, and this puts them at risk. The consequences of the power play and refusal to have protected sex can be detrimental to your well-being. Protect yourself, respect yourself. This article was originally published in the January/February 2012- issue 85 edition of loveLife’s UNCUT Magazine.

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Quotes on Education "Education is not confined to books, and the finest characters often graduate from no college, but make experience their master, and life their book." Louisa May Alcott

"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." Nelson Mandela

"Educate a boy, and you educate an individual. Educate a girl, and you educate Generation." Brigham Young

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Intelligence plus character--that is the goal of true education.â&#x20AC;? Martin Luther King, Jr.

"What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the human soul." Joseph Addison

"The purpose of education is to replace an empty mind with an open one." Malcolm S. Forbes

"Education isn't for getting a job. It's about developing yourself as a human being." Liz Berry

"Segregation shaped me; education liberated me." Maya Angelou