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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HAMIRPUR(H.P.) DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE ARD-427: Dissertation Dissertation Guide: Dr. Puneet Sharma
Submitted By: Shivangi (15632)
AIM, NEED & OBJECTIVES Aim:
To conserve & enhance the existing ecosystems, i.e. their plant & animal populations, natural & semi-natural wildlife habitats & the ecosystem characteristics of local areas; & to contribute to reginal conservation of biodiversity & habitats
Need:
For a long time urban growth knew no bounds. 200 year ago scarcely 2% of the people living on earth were city dwellers. Today, more than half the world’s population lives in an urban area. We live in a world filled with immense vibrant, noisy, overpopulated cities, where fabulous wealth & extreme poverty exist side by side. Our urban model now seems to reach its limits. In a world of global warming & increasingly scarce fossil fuels. A new vision of a city is making roots, we are seeing the first signs of slow but far-reaching irreversible change, little by little. A new model for our cities is developing, we call it the eco-city.
Objectives:
1) To study Eco-city development (Design strategies, features & components) through literature and case studies 2) To study Eco-city Development approaches in India
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CONTENTS
DESIGN STRATEGY
URBAN FORM
Ecological City
1 Slide 3
2 Slide 4-6
About the sources of data
Trends in design strategy
Eco-city as a Sustainable Urban Form
INTRODUCTION
REFRENCES
ECO-INFRASTRUCTURE
4
Physical, Systematic & Temporal Levels
Slide 8
3 Slide 7
CASE STUDIES Approach as per Country
5 Slide 9-16
6 Slide 17-18
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ECOLOGY
The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
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DESIGN CONCEPTS
03
01
05
MIXED LAND USE
TRANSPORTATION
Heterogeneous Zoning
DENSITY Interactions & Activities
02
DIVERSITY
Social & Cultural
Diminishing mobility & Negative traffic
04
COMPACTNESS
Contiguity & Connectivity
07
GREENING
Ecological Design
06
PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN
Reduce energy demand & provide it’s best use
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SUSTAINABLE URBAN FORMS
FORM
FORM
FORM
FORM
NEOTRADITIONAL DEVELOPMENT
COMPACT CITY
URBAN CONTAINMENT
ECO-CITY
New urbanism advocates design-based strategies based on traditional urban forms to help arrest suburban sprawl & inner-city decline & build & rebuild neighborhoods and cities
The vision was to enhance the quality of life but not the expense of the “next generation�
The scattered, low-density development characteristic of sprawl occupies far more land than do multistoried & higher density urban centers & significant effects on the land & its resources
This approaches a wide range of environmental, social & institutional policies that are directed to managing urban spaces to achieve sustainability
1
2
3
4
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ASSESSMENT NEOTRADITIONAL DEVELOPMENT
DENSITY DIVERSITY MIXED LAND USE COMPACTNESS TRANSPORTATION PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN GREENING
COMPACT CITY
URBAN CONTAINMENT
ECO-CITY
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ECO-INFRASTRUCTURE
01
02
03
04
BLUE
GREY
RED
GREEN
The Water Infrastructure Sustainable drainage, Water conservation systems & Overall hydrological management
The Engineering Infrastructure Roads, Drains, Sewerage & Utilities
The Human Infrastructure Built environment, the enclosures & hardscapes including human activities and social, economic & legislative systems
The Nature’s Infrastructure Habitat connectivity
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DESIGN STRATEGY Ecosystem hierarchy
Site data requirements for design
Ecologically mature
• •
Complete ecosystem analysis mapping Highest level of detail in analysis
• • •
Preserve Conserve Avoid any building to prevent any disturbances, build carefully in non-impact areas(if any)
Ecologically immature
•
Complete ecosystem analysis mapping
• • •
Preserve Conserve Build on impaired areas and areas of least impact and no ecological consequence
Ecologically simplified
• Complete ecosystem analysis mapping
• • • •
Preserve Conserve Increase biodiversity Build on low-impact areas
Mixed artificial
• Partial ecosystem analysis mapping
• • •
Conserve Increase biodiversity Build on low-impact areas
Mono-culture
•
Zero-culture
• Analysis & mapping of remaining ecosystem components (eg. Hydrology, remaining trees etc.)
• •
Increase biodiversity and organic mass Rehabilitate the ecosystem and habitats
Contaminated & brownfield sites
• Mapping of contaminated ecosystem components
• • •
Assess cause of damage and source of contamination Decontaminate and remediate Rehabilitate the ecosystem and habitats
Partial ecosystem analysis mapping
Design strategy
• Increase biodiversity • Build on areas of non-productive potential (non-arable areas) and least ecological impact • Rehabilitate the ecosystem and habitats
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CASE STUDIES
AUSTRALIA
Sydney
INDIA
Bengaluru
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Green Square Town Centre, Sydney, Australia Retail & commercial center surrounding a raised semi enclosed all- weather public plaza
Ecological Design Features Low embodied energy value, local availability & from recycled materials
Continuous planting within the design enhances the stability of the ecosystem & serves as the green infrastructure
Solar shading to hot facades, natural lighting & ventilation during mid-seasons, and solar collectors for water heating contribute to low energy consumption Composite bioclimatic responses for different seasons of the year optimize ambient energies as lowenergy design A central urban green ‘forest’ introduces new biomass into an otherwise ecologically barren urban locality & cushions the impact of extreme weather conditions & local heat island effect within the site
Grey water is collected and recycled as part of the blue infrastructure
Location: Sydney, Australia Climatic Zone: Temperate Vegetation Zone: Temperate rainforest Site Area: 116,500 sq m Gross Built-up Area: 220,000 sq m
The blue infrastructure includes permeable pavements for sustainable drainage with pervious substrates to aid retention of stormwater & prevent flooding Rainwater is naturally cleansed by constructed wetland filter beds in the rooftop gardens and by sand filtration strips at ground level
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Green Square Town Centre, Sydney, Australia Urban Regeneration
Key Design Objective of the scheme Fulfilling the Design objective Mimetic Ecological systems and devices Energy consumption of buildings Green infrastructure Blue infrastructure Grey infrastructure Red infrastructure Image: The integrated glass & fabric canopy shelters the main circulation ramps & central portion of the plaza, making it usable in all weather conditions
Social Hub
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SOMA, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore, India General Design Components
Ecological Design Features The Eco infrastructure starts from the forest reserve at the western edge of the site and extends across the land together with eco-bridges & eco-undercrofts, to provide the scheme’s new green infrastructure; the green nexus enhances the site’s biodiversity and the interaction & movement of flora & fauna across the land Retention ponds & bio-swales form part of the water management system as the blue infrastructure The roads and sustainable utilities systems lie below the green infrastructure as the scheme’s grey infrastructure
Residential, commercial, office and recreational land uses Masterplan design complies with the traditional Indian principles of Vastu Shastra
Location: Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore Climatic Zone: Tropical Vegetation Zone: Monsoon wetland Site Area: 867,500 sq m Gross Built-up Area: 2,000,000 sq m
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SOMA, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore, India
Fallow Agricultural land Grey infrastructure Blue infrastructure Red infrastructure Green Infrastructure
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REFRENCES Urban Design: Green Dimensions -Cliff Moughtin
Sustainable Urban Forms -Yosuf Rafeq Jabareen
1
3 2
Building & Designing with Nature Urban Design – Joan Roelofs
5 4
Sustainable City Developing World -ISOCARP
Eco-Master Planning -Ken Yeang
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MEDIA SOURCE
Freepik
YouTube
Book
Pixabay
Slide1, 7
Slide 3
Slide 10-16
Slide 4 , 6 , 18
https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/lovelyecosystem-concept-with-flatdesign_2673502.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ygw 2L-Qi0c
Ken-Yeang’s Eco-masterplanning
.png images
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THANK YOU