The Argosy November 20th, 2014

Mount Allison’s

THE November 20, 2014

ARGOSY Independent Student Newspaper

Tied up in arbitration since 1872

Vol. 144 Iss. 10

Admin launches budget, fee consultation

Mt. A’s budget consultations this year may be an effort to improve on last year, when parts of the budgeting process, like the $50 tech fee, were roundly criticized as opaque. (Chis Donovan/Argosy)

Consultation process starts with fee session Tyler Stuart News Reporter

A different approach to budget development had members of the Mount Allison community discuss the technology, lab, and ensemble fees imposed on students in last year’s budget.

The Nov. 17 session stood in contrast to last year’s budgeting process, when the administration imposed a technology fee on students without consultation of the university community. The fee did not go into a section of the budget designated for technology purchase or maintenance, but instead went into the general revenue section.

News

Shops offer late-night deals: Pg. 2

Mt. A Dean of Science Jeff Ollerhead led the Monday night session, taking the attendees through the three tasks of the provost’s ad hoc advisory committee, which was created six weeks ago to manage the budget consultation process.

“I think because of what happened last spring, it made it difficult – if not impossible – to have the kind of consultation that we would have preferred before instituting the fees that were instituted last year,” Ollerhead said.

Ollerhead said that the difficulties resulting from the strike, including the shortened semester, resulted in a lack of consultation.

“There is not a question that it would have been nice to have had a public meeting like this last year, and had a discussion well in advance of deciding that we would have these fees.”

Half a dozen students attended the meeting. Dan Murphy, a MASU

Opinions

‘Basic’ and cultural appropriation: Pg. 4

science senator, said he was skeptical of the reasons behind the imposition of fees.

“The problem is that we have a revenue shortfall for several reasons, and the university needs to make up the funds somewhere,” said Murphy.

“I don’t think there is any other real reason, no matter what they try to tell us.”

Ollerhead divided the session into three parts, one for each task of the ad hoc committee. The committee’s first task is to “develop criteria to determine which courses and ensembles should be subject to fees charged in addition to tuition.”

This topic prompted a discussion on the value associated with faculty attention, class size, and department equipment. Some faculty and administration members said the distinction was arbitrary, and that each student should pay the same fees to cover all expenses. Others argued it was unfair to charge a student for

Arts & Culture

Female rockers hit local pub: Pg. 6

services from which they will not benefit.

Its second task is to develop criteria, or “metrics,” to determine the magnitude of the fee to be charged for a given course or ensemble.

“The main concern is that we not be seen to be simply nickel and dime-ing students,” Ollerhead said. “But I think even more fundamental, we need to be able to demonstrate that the funds that we are collecting are in fact going to enhance or deliver those things for which we say.”

The committee’s third task is to review the technology fee instituted last year, and consider the merits of other fees that could apply to all courses.

Members of faculty and administration discussed various problems regarding the fees and suggested alternative ways of applying them.

“I think that students who come to Mount Allison should get roughly

Sports

Mt. A wins in cold: Pg. 10

proportional share of the institutional investment, and I don’t think we do that right now,” said Doug Campbell, a biology professor.

Steven Black, an arts senator, echoed this concern.

“I don’t think that should be done just through one specific group of students,” Black said. “We are all here to get our education, and the fee that is imposed there should be one that is imposed on all students at a lesser amount.”

The budget development process will continue through December and January, giving faculty and students an avenue to voice their concerns.

“This is just one pillar of a series of consultations that should lead into the budget development process,” Ollerhead said. “I would strongly encourage people to continue to stay involved in the consultation.”

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News Opinions Arts & Culture Centrefold Sports Science Humour Ship’s Log

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NEWS

November 20, 2014

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SHARE targets excuses for sexual assault, harassment Campaign promotes sexual consent

Willa McCaffrey-Noviss Politics Reporter

Mount Allison students are working together to change the discourse surrounding sexual assault.

Students coming in and out of Gracie’s on Nov. 14 participated in the Erasing Excuses campaign supported by Mt. A’s Sexual Harassment and Assault Response and Education service, generally known by the name SHARE. Students took their picture with an “excuse” for sexual assault written on a whiteboard.

“Metaphorically, we want to erase all that negative dialogue that’s happening,” fourth year music and psychology student Meghan McLean said. Students then

erased that excuse and took a second picture which featured more positive, consensual dialogue.

“This project is different in that it’s very visual and compares what excuses are being made in society right now versus how we can change that to be more victim-positive,” McLean said. The Erasing Excuses campaign is ongoing with McLean continuing to take photos at student request.

McLean, a former residence assistant of Edwards house, spoke to the Argosy about the importance of this type of discussion at Mount Allison. “I started getting involved with SHARE this year and I know how often Melody [Petlock] is called to a residence because of sexual assault type issues,” McLean said.

Sexual harassment advisor Melody Petlock said that sexual assault is a particularly relevant topic of discussion for a university community.

“This is the age group, statistically, that is most affected by this gender-based violence,” Petlock said.

According to Mount Allison’s Policies and Procedures, Petlock [advises] members of the University community who allege they have been sexually assaulted by another member of the University community of counselling resources available to them on or off campus, and to assist them in finding counselling.”

The student hosts of the campaign’s photo shoot also had discussions with both male and female students who passed by about what it means to give consent as well as its importance.

McLean spoke to the Argosy about the role of blame in societal discourse.

“We have a habit of putting blame on the victim and I think that needs to change.”

“Talking about it is the best way to prevent it and to deal with it,” Petlock said.-

Talk looks at portrayals of Islam Religious studies hosts Nov. 12 event Tyler Stuart

News Reporter

Not a seat was empty in Avard Dixon 118 when the department of religious studies hosted a panel on Islam, orientalism, and representation. The Nov. 12 event attracted professors, Sackville citizens, and Mount Allison students.

James Devine, a political science professor at Mt. A, discussed the political causes and effects of “othering,” a cultural device used to generalize other cultures and distinguish them itself.

“One of the questions that was raised is, ‘Can we ever get past this?’” Devine said.

“I don’t think we can ever put that process of ‘othering’ behind us completely.”

Devine said that despite this tendency to “other” different cultures, education and self reflection can minimize some of the effects.

“If you are aware of [the tendency], you can fight it. If you are not aware of it, you can’t,” Devine said.

The panel consisted of Devine and three professors from the department of religious studies: Barbara Clayton, Andrew Wilson, and Linsday McCumber.

Sarah Kulkarni, a first-year student from Aurangabad, India, said that the discussion

helped inform students about Islam.

“It’s necessary for people to learn that Islam is not a violent religion,” Kulkarni said.

Following 45 minutes of presentation from professors, the panel accepted questions and comments from the audience. But while many students found the panel informative, they said it was not conducive for discussion.

“I feel like the environment wasn’t set for a full-on, proper discussion,” said Abdulkareem Andeejani, a first-year international relations student from Saudi Arabia.

With a full room and a sensitive topic, the question period lasted only 15 minutes, and the event ended 30 minutes earlier than planned.

“The panel was good, but people have misconceptions that they would like to say freely, but they think that it’s politically incorrect so that can’t open it up [to discussion],” Kulkarni said.

Wilson agreed. “We didn’t have the buzzing conversation that we were hoping for, and maybe it is because it is a bit sensitive,” Wilson said. “In the future, it might be better that we break people up into groups to feel a little more comfortable to say the wrong thing.”

Hours before the event, Rayan Bouhlel, a fourthyear chemistry student, condemned the promotion of the event on Facebook.

Bouhlel said he found the image of Jafar (the antagonist

from Disney’s Aladdin), which was used to promote the event, to be offensive.

“This is the biggest collective mess-up from a group of ‘academics’ I’ve seen at this university so far,” Bouhlel wrote in the post.

The event organizers called this a misunderstanding, saying it was an example of the misrepresentation of Islam, not of Islam itself.

Bouhlel later told The Argosy that while he understood their intention, they should have used a different image.

“So much of it also happens on a passive level, particularly in things like popular culture,” said McCumber, who spoke on the misrepresentation of Islam in Aladdin. “It’s not like an intentional construction of our identity, it’s just watching Aladdin when you’re a kid or watching the news.”

With the prevalence of “othering” in popular culture, the religious studies professors said they felt a responsibility to raise awareness of the issues.

“These processes, these structures are powerful, they are important but they are potentially problematic,” Wilson said.

While none of the professors thought the process of othering was avoidable, they said understanding it was essential.

“Are we going to be complicit in promoting and perpetuating views of the ‘other’ that do have implications for how we deal on the international scale?” said Clayton.

Students take centre stage in visual campaign (Meghan McLean/SHARE)

Sackville spends the night out

Businesses open late ahead of holiday season

Willa McCaffrey-Noviss

Politics Reporter

Students, locals, and visitors bustled around the streets of downtown Sackville for Midnight Madness.

The event, hosted twice a year in the two months before Christmas, was host to a shopping frenzy with numerous sales and promotions from local businesses.

This year, Midnight Madness took place on Friday, Nov. 14, and is scheduled again for Friday, Dec. 5.

“It creates an atmosphere in the frenzy,” Salvation Army manager Nancy Somerville said. “It’s that first touch of Christmas.”

“Midnight Madness gives us a great boost going into the holidays,” said Jeff MacKinnon of the natural skin care company, Anointment.

MacKinnon set up shop in his usual Saturday morning farmer’s market spot in the Bridge Street Café during Midnight Madness.

“I think it’s a very Sackville thing,” said second year Art History student Kaoru Yui. Yui, who is from Japan, compared the local event as quite different from events held in big cities like Tokyo.

Shoppers and revellers enjoy Midnight Madness booths set up inside Bridge Street Cafe. (Willa McCaffery-Noviss/Argosy) “So many students went,” Yui said. “Everyone looked so happy.”

Midnight Madness, now in its third year of operation, had attractions including a full house of local vendors selling handmade food and products in the Bridge Street Café, a $4 peppermint milkshake promotion at Mel’s, Salvation Army sales, and visits with Santa Claus.

“Sales are better because of the volume of customers,” said Somerville.

“We have triple the sales of a typical farmer’s market,” MacKinnon said. “It all just depends on what shows up.”

“This year we have a ton of Christmas decorations, so those were promoted,” said Somerville.

Midnight Madness coordinator Paul Merrigan promoted the event on

social media, including live tweeting on Twitter. The Midnight Madness Facebook page was particularly active in the run up to and during the event, highlighting a number of sales and events during the evening.

“It really seemed like a lot more people knew about the event this year,” said MacKinnon. Mount Allison’s CHMA-106.9 FM volunteer correspondent Katharyn Stevenson and spoken word director Michael Freeman also live reported the event on the radio.

“I think it’s important to cover events such as Midnight Madness because it helps to bring the Town of Sackville community together with the university community,” said Stevenson.

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MAFA and administration handed collective agreement Kevin Levangie News Editor

The Mount Allison Faculty Association and the university administration have received the results of the binding issue arbitration that brought an end to the threeweek faculty strike that took place in early 2014. Both parties, however, declined to immediately release the documents.

According to an email from Karen Grant, Mount Allison’s provost and vice-president academic, sent to students, faculty, and staff on 16 Nov. 2014 at 2:14 pm, “Late Monday afternoon, the University and MAFA received the decision of Arbitrator Kevin Burkett concerning the outstanding matters related to collective bargaining.”

As of press time, both Grant and Lorelai Michaelis, president of

MAFA, declined to comment on the arbitration results.

Laura Dillman Ripley, speaking on behalf of Grant, said that the decision is being reviewed and information will be forthcoming. Michaelis said that members of MAFA had to be consulted before she could comment.

The arbitration process, undertaken

by Kevin Burkett, began in September.

Burkett was unavailable for comment as of press time.

New counsellor, more psychologist hours now at Mount Allison’s Wellness Centre Randy Hamilton joins Wellness Centre staff Chad Morash Mental health services are now more accessible on campus following an increase in visits by a psychologist and the addition of a new Wellness Centre staff member.

A psychologist will now be available for student appointments once a week, instead of just once a month. The Wellness Centre has welcomed a new staff member, Randy Hamilton, who has assumed the role of “Student Development Counsellor” and will be available for appointments five days per week.

Hamilton joins Catherine Fawcett in his position as a counsellor after a previous counsellor left the Wellness Centre in early September of this year.

Acquiring an appointment with mental health professionals can be a long process for students and the community alike, and the addition of more counselling on services should help address this.

According to the website for the firm of psychologists Emmry, Dawe, Parlee and Associates, “The fee for a one hour session is $150 per hour.

Assessment fees may vary according

to the nature of the assessment.”

Despite this, the cost of an appointment with a registered psychologist can vary, and the Argosy’s attempts to contact the firm were unsuccessful.

As it stands, the MASU student insurance coverage can cover $50 for each appointment, or $400 per year, so students receiving psychological help may have to pay out of pocket for these services.

Josh Outerbridge, MASU’s vice president of finance and operations, who is in charge of the administration of their health coverage, did not know how much an appointment would cost, but said, “However I imagine if it is more than $50 we’ll be making adjustments.”

Thomas Williams, an intern working with the Wellness Centre, said, in response to the addition of Hamilton to the Wellness Centre, “One obvious benefit is that it precludes us from having to refer students out of town.”

Williams also said that the act of sending students out of town may be stigmatizing in itself and that adding Randy Hamilton to the counselling team is “So much more than a good PR move. It’s a good move on a human level.”

Hamilton has a background in a broad range of mental health related areas such as time management, substance abuse counselling, and interpersonal relationships. He noted that increasing staff from one

to two counsellors on campus will significantly decrease waiting times.

Hamilton said, “With only one counsellor it can be difficult to get a quick appointment, which are important for quick interventions.”

“I am really excited to have the additional services offered on campus,” said Williams. “I think there’s a systemic issue in academia, where the very nature of being in university causes students a lot of stress, which of course exacerbates any other health concern they might have.”

Hamilton also said having one female and one male counsellor provides an important source of choice for students to choose the counsellor whom they feel most comfortable with.

“It is important to be available and aware of services,” said Hamilton.

He continued that often students are unaware of potential avenues for help with mental health.

The Wellness Centre has previously made connections with student-led groups such as the Elephant in the Room initiative, and both Hamilton and Williams said that fostering these relationships is important to increase the awareness of services.

Hamilton said, “We have hooked up with the Elephant in the Room before, and the more connections we have, the better.”

NEWS

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This Week in the World Joanna Perkin

Boko Haram seizes Chibok, Nigeria Boko Haram militants have seized Chibok, a north-eastern Nigerian town.

Boko Haram kidnapped more than 200 schoolgirls from Chibok last April.

Militants attacked and took control of the town the evening of Nov. 13. Boko Haram said that it is fighting to create an Islamic state in Nigeria, and has been targeting villages around Chibok in recent months. There have been many complaints that the area is not well protected, particularly since the kidnapping of the girls. Many residents of Chibok have already moved to safer parts of the country out of fear of more attacks.

No jail over photo of ‘assault’ A man who pleaded guilty to taking a photo of a sexual assault has avoided jail time. He pleaded guilty to making child pornography and was given a conditional discharge for 12 months. The victim of the sexual assault was a 17-year-old girl from Nova Scotia who took her own life after reportedly being bullied for months after her sexual assault. Because of a publication ban, Canadian media is not allowed to refer to the victim by her name. The judge said that the young man, who also cannot be identified, was not as “morally” blameworthy as an adult, says BBC News, because he did not understand the consequences of his actions. There is another young man who is set to begin trial later this month for distribution of child pornography in the same case.

Ebola clinical trials to start Clinical trials will start next month in West Africa in with hopes to find an effective treatment for Ebola patients. Two antiviral drugs will be tested in Guinea and another trial will use the blood of recovered Ebola patients to treat sick people. This Ebola outbreak has infected over 14,000 people and the death toll has risen to 5,160. Approximately 400 people are to participate in the first trials, and if results are promising, they will be extended to other centres.

Meanwhile, Liberia’s President has lifted the state of emergency in the country, marking progress in the country as the weekly number of new infections falls.

Over 860 killed in US-led strikes The UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights has reported that 860 people have been killed in Syria by the US-led airstrikes against the Islamic State group. The US-led coalition began the airstrikes in mid-September. Of the people killed, 746 were Islamic State militants while another 68 belonged to an al-Qaida Syrian affiliate, according to the report. At least 50 civilians have also been killed. The US-led airstrike campaign began on September 23 under President Barack Obama in an effort to destroy the Islamic State group, which has been the primary target of the coalition’s strikes. The Islamic State continues to perpetuate violence throughout Syria and Iraq, using tactics such as roadside and car bombs, and booby-trapped houses.

15 dead in India linked to poisoned antibiotics Twelve women died in India after undergoing surgery at government-run sterilization camps over the last week. It is suspected that they were given antibiotic pills contaminated with zinc phosphide, a chemical used in rat poison.

The women were displaying symptoms similar to poisoning, and now, state officials have issued an urgent warning to cease the distribution of the antibiotic immediately. Three other patients in the country died after being treated with the antibiotics. The manufacturer and his son have been arrested on suspicion of destroying evidence linked to the deaths.

Corrections “‘SU Review’ calls for student feedback on MASU” (Nov. 6, 2014) contained a number of editing and reporting errors. MASU President Heather Webster was misquoted three times: Webster said she campaigned on fixing the students’ union, not the Students’ Administrative Council. She also said that “There’s a lot of students who don’t care about this, and last year we really tried to outline the problems with the current structure… and they still feel they know enough to comment,” and “The upcoming executives come in and start cool things for students instead of worrying about how people are feeling in council, whether if its 10 days or 14 days to referendum, freaking out because our budget passed and we didn’t vote this and that, whether or not we can archive. The executive would spend so much time fixing things and going back.” In the latter two cases, the quotes printed gave no indication of having been abridged.

The article should have referred to the Students’ Administrative Council.

The Bike Co-Op, a MASU service initiated by then-Vice-President Michael Watkins, has not operated for the past three years, as the article states. The student levy has been collected since that time.

MASU’s online used bookstore was a one-time $1000 expenditure, not a project budgeted at $1000 per year.

‘Activists focus on Energy East pipeline’ reported that Maude Barlow had ‘received death for her activism. This was supposed to say that Maude Barlow had received death threats fro her activism.

The Argosy apologizes for these and any other errors.

Suspected errors and requests for corrections can be brought to the attention of Editor-in-Chief Richard Kent.

OPINIONS THE ARGOSY w w w. a r g o s y. c a

Independent Student Newspaper of Mount Allison University Thursday, October 20, 2014 volume 144 issue 10 Since 1872 Circulation 1,700

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EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Richard Kent

OPINIONS EDITOR Tessa Dixon

MANAGING EDITOR Allison O’Reilly

SPORTS EDITOR Alex Bates

SENIOR NEWS EDITOR Cameron McIntyre

HUMOUR EDITOR Taylor Losier ­­­ ONLINE EDITOR Sam Moore

­­­NEWS EDITOR Kevin Levangie ARTS & CULTURE EDITOR Daniel Marcotte

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PRODUCTION MANAGER Kyle Forbes PHOTO EDITOR Sarah Richardson COPY EDITORS Rachelle Tan Austin Landry Tina Oh

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NEWS REPORTERS Jean-Sébastien Comeau Tyler Stuart

POLITICS REPORTER Willa McCaffrey-Noviss SPORTS REPORTER Benjamin Foster

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SCIENCE EDITOR Tyler Pitre

PRODUCTION ASSISTANT Chris Donovan PHOTOGRAPHERS Chris Donovan Adrian Kiva ILLUSTRATOR Anna Farrell

ARTS REPORTERS Amanda Cormier Michael Dover Lily Mackie SCIENCE REPORTER Clay Steell

BUSINESS MANAGER Gil Murdock

IT MANAGER Vacant

OFFICE MANAGER Alex Lepianka

CIRCULATIONS Vacant

contributors

Joanna Perkin, Chad Morash, Eric Leblanc, John Perkin, Allison Grogan, Kael Macquarrie, Miriam Namakanda, Dakota Pauley, Patrick Allaby, Madalon Burnett

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disclaimers and copyright The Argosy is the official independent student journal of news, opinion, and the arts, written, edited and funded by the students of Mount Allison University in Sackville, New Brunswick. The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of The Argosy’s staff or its Board of Directors. The Argosy is published weekly throughout the academic year by Argosy Publications Inc. Student contributions in the form of letters, articles, photography, graphic design and comics are welcome. The Argosy reserves the right to edit or refuse all materials deemed sexist, racist, homophobic, or otherwise unfit for print, as determined by the Editor-in-Chief. Articles or other contributions can be sent to argosy@mta.ca or directly to a section editor. The Argosy will print unsolicited materials at its own discretion. Letters to the editor must be signed, though names may be withheld at the sender’s request and at The Argosy’s discretion. Anonymous letters will not be printed.

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All materials appearing in The Argosy bear the copyright of Argosy Publications, Inc. Material cannot be reprinted without the consent of the Editor-in-Chief.

November 20, 2014

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‘Basic’ cultural appropriation Calling women ‘basic’ demeans them and the word’s origin Tessa Dixon

Opinions Editor As fall quickly fades, it is time to say goodbye to the basic bitches of Sackville. How will the most basic girls of Mount Allison – those armed with Ugg boots, circle scarves, and pumpkin spice lattés – survive without photo shoots featuring their most basic friends amidst colourful falling leaves? While the basic girls will have to manage until next fall, the end of the season is the perfect opportunity to dismiss this basic trend and to identify it as the misogynistic and culturally-appropriated term it really is.

Calling someone basic is dismissive.

It treats someone as if they were simple-minded just because they like a certain type of boots or coffee. It portrays certain individuals – namely women – as shallow and materialistic.

It criticizes an enjoyment of mainstream style, as if that notion

Starbucks is a staple of the ‘basic’ white girl aesthetic. (wintertimegirls/Flickr) still existed in a day and age when clothing is mass-produced and mall shopping is the norm. It seems impossible to be unique or original in style when there are multiple other people, most likely your friends, who look just like you. Style consistently changes, yet the mainstream aesthetic – whatever it may be – will always be criticized.

The basic girl is pretty, white, and wears pricey clothes. She doesn’t strive for more than that, right?

This popularized term is heard so often in daily conversations and on social media that we have become desensitized to how callous it is.

If you were to replace a pair of Uggs and a crop top with Blundstones and a plaid shirt, you would be identifying about half of the students who go to Mt. A – or at least the majority of the Argosy staff.

Calling girls and women basic extends far beyond insult. It has been largely misinterpreted and misapplied to the detriment of its origins.

The term basic originates from African-American vernacular English (AAVE). It is used without thought in daily conversation, on blogs, and on social media, often to the offence of its origins. “Basic” is used as an insult and it is continually

used at the expense of AAVE as a language. AAVE is neither slang nor English overrun with grammatical errors, but rather it is a distinct dialect used by many and is misinterpreted and debased by even more.

Basic has been culturallyappropriated, and no one seems to know about it.

The word “basic” refers to being immature, naïve, dense, and even stupid. It has been applied to the average Caucasian North American teen or young woman who prefers a mainstream style that has been deemed uncool.

A lack of cultivation of originality or individualism and an unwillingness to question stylistic influence for what you really like is basic. Placing an immense concern over what others think instead is basic. Do you like leggings and Uggs? Good. Wear them and don’t think twice about it – otherwise you might be considered basic, and then you might worry about being basic, which would then make you basic and so on and so forth.

Welcome to the basic cycle.

Why is the girl who spends hundreds of dollars at Urban Outfitters – a store that prints demeaning statements on its clothing – less basic than the girl who likes her Canada Goose jacket?

I like lattés and my Blundstones.

Which percentage of basic bitch am I?

Destigmitization of mental illness necessary Magnotta trial highlights the value of specialist insight Eric Leblanc

Luka Magnotta, on trial since late September for the murder and dismemberment of Concordia student Jun Lin, has admitted his guilt for the crime. His defence claims that, while he confessed to physically committing the crime, Magnotta might have been suffering from “a schizophrenia-induced psychosis” at the time of the murder. This conclusion has raised fears among the public of a “not criminally responsible” (NCR) verdict, which usually carries with it a lengthy institutionalisation at a psychiatric hospital with possible probation and a conditional release.

It seems that the general public is always unsatisfied with such an outcome. This may be due to the reason that we have a justice system in the first place. As indicated by the name, it has always been a way for us to exact our need for “revenge,” which is a purely human construct and is emotional at best.

Does the idea of exacting punishment on a person serve any purpose other than to appease the

Magnotta mailed body parts to St. George’s School in Vancouver. (lota 9/Wikimedia) public? Sure, some will reason that it is also to isolate a problem from a society, or to ingrain fear of jail time to prevent the problem from happening in the first place. But in the end, the sentencing always comes down to how much we, as a society, think that someone must pay for a crime.

This way of thinking breaks down when we consider cases like that of Guy Turcotte, who was declared not criminally responsible in 2011 following the stabbing of his two children. As with Magnotta, psychiatrists deemed Turcotte to have suffered from a mental disorder, which was aggravated by a divorce and depression, leading up to the homicide. Once again, this doesn’t seem to be very popular with the public. “Where’s the justice?” many will ask, likely without considering

that it’s possible the fault lies in the hands of no one.

The fact of the matter is that for some, a mental illness forces them to do things they would otherwise never have considered even doing. In these cases, it is like someone is holding you at gunpoint, coercing you to rob a store, except in this case, the gun is in your head and there is nothing you can do to shake it off. It may seem like an extreme example for us to consider, but it’s not to a person who suffers from, for example, paranoid schizophrenia. How can one argue that this same person must have had criminal intent, or demand that they serve time for those actions?

The very same people, including crown prosecutors and court judges, will erroneously believe that it is easy to fake a mental illness, as if everyone

can write a script for themselves and not break character for the years before and after a crime. We continue to lack confidence in the competency of the men and women who have studied the tenets of psychology and human behaviour and instead bring our own naïve judgement to the public discussion, as if somehow it trumps a scientifically-backed conclusion. In the case of Magnotta, psychiatrist Joel Watts personally interviewed him for over 40 hours and agreed with a previous diagnosis of schizophrenia, made in 2005.

Yet somehow we all feel entitled to our own expert opinion after watching that one news report, or reading that one article a while back.

Let professionals do their job because they know what is best for the people they work with, not us.

In the end, it all comes down to improper education on what mental illness is and how it can truly affect people. In addition, it is important that mental illness not be equated directly to crime, which is what Mount Allison’s Change Your Mind campaign invaluably helps fight and will hopefully lead to more people confiding the challenges they face instead of hiding them. This is exactly what happened with Magnotta and Turcotte. Once mental illness stops being taboo, we’ll surely begin preventing incidents of violence before they occur, rather than being stuck figuring out how to deal with them after the fact.

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OPINIONS

Through stained glass

A chaplain’s words on the reoccurence of the social gospel Rev. John Perkin

I have had the social gospel on my mind as of late, perhaps in part because of the recent news on the church, in part because of some reading I have been doing and in connection with my preaching and teaching on campus. A couple of weeks ago I wrote about the Protestant theologian of the social gospel, Walter Rauschenbusch, and this week I turn my attention to the southern hemisphere and to the liberation theology found there.

I begin with a reflection on the letter of James, which was the subject of a study and discussion with my Chapel Assistants recently. A practical epistle, James focuses more on the practical and material elements of the emerging Christian faith, rather than on the dogmatic or theological formulations for which the apostle

Paul is so well known. That down-toearth writing is captured in one verse at the end of the first chapter, which reads simply, “Religion that is pure and undefiled before God is this: to care for orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.”

It was this ideal, of practical, material concern for others, that informed the Protestant social gospel of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, seeking not only to do good works for the socially disadvantaged but also to change the systems that caused social dislocation or disenfranchisement. This ideal, particularly the care for the poor, has also characterized the Roman Catholic movement that emerged in Latin and South America in the second half of the twentieth century.

The Second Vatican Council of the 1960s sought to bring the Catholic Church into the modern era, and into better interaction with the world. The bishops of Latin and South America, pushing for the church to offer a “preferential option to the poor,” were disappointed in the limited scope of the Council’s final results and so,

not abandoning the idea of social justice and the care of the poor, the bishops met in Medellin, Colombia in 1968 and once again spoke to the church’s “preferential option for the poor.” In putting these words into practice, encouragement was given to the growth of base ecclesial communities, small communities for study, discussion, and empowerment of people through literacy, leadership development, and fostering agendas for social change. Linked to socialist and even communist political forms in many minds, these base ecclesial communities gave political purpose and direction to some of the poorest in both rural and urban areas of Latin America.

The practice of these communities gave rise to a theology of their purpose, referred to as liberation theology, which often used a Marxist social analysis in its critique of injustice. This Latin social gospel, liberation theology, urges the priority or distributive justice with social equality and community as regulative principles. In part because of its Marxist analysis and socialist tendencies, when the next pope,

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Pope John Paul II, spoke to the bishops at their conference in Mexico in 1979, he spoke in sharp tones that began the official quashing of liberation theology as an idea and as a movement that was described as a “singular heresy.”

The current pope, Pope Francis I, grew up in Argentina and served as a priest and “Bishop of the Slums” in Buenos Aires during the formative years of the idea of liberation theology.

It seems the doors are once more opening to the “preferential option for the poor”; the signs are present of a Vatican leader who embraces not only the poor, but the ideals of a practical, social gospel that not only cares for the poor individually, but which seeks systemic and wholesale change to eliminate the causes of poverty.

The signs are significant. Last year, the Pope invited the author of one of the seminal theologies of liberation, Gustavo Gutierrez, to meet him in Rome. In September this year, Pope Francis announced that Rome had lifted the block on sainthood for Archbishop Óscar Romero of San Salvador and a nearly 30-year old ban upon Rev. Miguel d’Escoto

Brockmann, who had been suspended as a priest for serving as foreign minister in Nicaragua’s revolutionary Sandinista government in the same era.

It seems that in the post-Cold War era, liberation theology is being brought in from the cold at a time when the economic gap between the rich and the poor continues to grow; the Pope is opening the door to challenge that disparity. In the document Evangelii Gaudium, he says, “While the earnings of a minority are growing exponentially, so too is the gap separating the majority from the prosperity enjoyed by the happy few. This imbalance is the result of ideologies that defend the absolute autonomy of the marketplace and financial speculation.”

The moral voice of the Catholic Church, in defense of the poor and disempowered, is being heard once more. The pope’s resurrection of the Latin American and Catholic social gospel is refreshing and the voiceless are once more being given a voice.

The Vatican, at last, begins to look differently at the world around it, through stained glass.

Don’t trivialize racism

mother has not heard from the people in the video, and is still unsure of how they are right now. She has lost a colleague and a student to Ebola.

She went back this September and is living and working there. This fact is only scary for me when I occasionally indulge in western hysterics about the disease. Knowing that my mother is very close to her community in Liberia has made this outbreak very serious for me.

I’m just one black person who regularly encounters racism. From being straight up called the N-word, to having others regularly frame my opinions as nothing more than dramatics from an angry young black woman. This community is far from post-racial and it’s pathetic that I have to remind people of that.

I have shared these experiences because I want to illustrate that Ebola, Kony, and racism are significant parts of my life. I am a part of this community and I ask that my experiences not be trivialized.

Racism is real in Sackville and at Mount Allison. If you know that something is offensive, don’t participate in an ongoing erasure of the diversity of this community. You are allowing the perpetuation of a shared myth that these issues are abstract and far-off. I don’t have the luxury of pretending racism, poverty, and disease are not real issues.

We wouldn’t make jokes about cancer, or the shooting in Ottawa, because we are being polite and truly understand how hurtful it would be to others. We respect their feelings and experiences. So why not afford the same respect to people who have suffered from Ebola?

I’m here to get my degree but I also hope that my presence as a black African will make you unsettled in your privilege. I hope to disrupt the narrative that claims my problems are not real. Like anyone else in the Sackville and Mt. A communities, I deserve respect.

Vancouver school board sued Racial insensitivity

Patti Bacchus, board chair of the Vancouver School Board. (Stepan Vdovine/Flickr)

Parents share concerns over transgender student policy Chad Morash The Vancouver School Board recently released a new policy that would allow transgender students to use the washrooms and locker rooms that correspond to their gender identity.

This policy seems to be one of the most progressive policies regarding the support of transgender students.

However, a group of parents have started to take legal action against the school board stating that sharing facilities with the “opposite sex” makes their children feel uncomfortable.

The argument used by these parents would baffle many, as they are essentially arguing that allowing transgender students to use the facilities of their choice encroaches

on other students’ privacy. However, the reality is that when transgender individuals are forced to use the washroom dedicated to the sex assigned to them at birth, much more is on the line than just thoughts of privacy. Gendered facilities can produce awkward or dangerous situations for transgender students, given that societal expectations of what constitutes a “normal” gender identity are heightened in these situations.

It is also important to note that the policy put forth by the Vancouver School Board calls for much more than transgender students being able to use the facilities of their choice.

The policy also states that transgender individuals should be addressed by the name that they have chosen to fit with their gender identity and also allows for the students to choose the group with which they are most comfortable in physical education classes. Both of these changes are important, but the former is important and should also be expanded to the use of appropriate pronouns when referencing transgender individuals.

The policy also calls for genderneutral washrooms, similar to the ones found on many university campuses.

This is an important part of the policy because it provides an alternative solution to the “problems” noted by some parents. The truth is, gendered facilities can make a broad range of individuals uncomfortable regardless of whether they are transgender, cisgender, or anything in between.

Here is where the gender-neutral facilities come into play. Genderneutral facilities are often singlestalled and allow for a greater amount of privacy for anyone who uses them, meaning that transgender students can use them without the fear of outing themselves or being placed in the uncomfortable situation of having to choose between two sets of washrooms that don’t take other gender identities into account. This also means that students who are uncomfortable with the policy’s proposed changes can use these facilities as well.

However, in no way should genderneutral facilities be used as a stand-in for giving transgender students the choice to use the facilities that fit best with their identity. This freedom of choice is extremely important, as it could lead to a greater acceptance and understanding of transgender issues that should certainly be modeled by many other institutions.

The issue put forth by the group of parents wanting topple this new policy could be reduced to their lack of understanding of transgender individuals’ experiences. This seems to point out that a greater amount of education on gender identity should be worked into the curriculum in schools so that students can have a greater understanding of their transgendered classmates.

Hopefully this policy will be maintained, as it means much more than just having a choice of facilities; it also extends to transgender students being able to feel heard by an institution that for so long has been a place where bullying and intolerance have reigned.

Miriam Namakanda This Halloween, some students decided to dress offensively. There are two categories of relevance here: ignorance and willful ignorance. I could have written about the history of blackface and the value of African lives, but this is just one incident among many of unrelenting willful ignorance on this campus.

Explaining the history of blackface and the value of African lives would appeal to people who are ignorant of their actions. I’m not going to do that.

I have some personal stories before I explain their relevance to how we approach political correctness.

In the summer of 2012, I went home to Uganda where I worked in the North with an NGO that provided psychosocial care to communities victimized by Joseph Kony. I met people who carry the physical and emotional scars of war. People who were mutilated, lost family members, or were forced to kill others.

It shouldn’t have taken the internship for people in northern Uganda to be humanized. Seeing people who have overcome unimaginable difficulties was truly inspiring and life-changing. Fast forward to the Kony 2012 campaign.

The internet is filled with jokes about Kony and child soldiers. I saw this on my Facebook feed and cried in the privacy of a cubicle. I refused to tell anyone because I didn’t want their pity or to cause them discomfort.

This summer I went home again.

During a Buddhist meeting, my mother showed us a video she made of some of the Buddhists she chants with in Liberia. She had been working in Liberia for some years before the Ebola virus outbreak happened. My

ARTS&CULTURE Interstellar’s storytelling suffers

November 20, 2014

Fancy collects wartime voices Performance unites theatre and archives Daniel Marcotte

Arts & Culture Editor

This screengrab shows a non-shirtless McConaughey who plays Cooper, the film’s space cowboy and protagonist. (Warner Bros.)

Nolan’s sci-fi is dazzling yet shallow Lily Mackie

Arts & Culture Reporter Nolan’s venture into deep space lacks deep emotion.

Interstellar is sure to be one of the biggest box-office draws of the year and a probable Oscar nominee. As you’d expect, Christopher Nolan’s effects team does stunning work, advancing classic images and tropes of science fiction into a new era. Nolan has attempted to make a sort of 2001: A Space Odyssey for this generation.

Despite its many stunning visuals, the plot becomes tiresome and takes much too long to get from one event to the next. Interstellar is an imaginative movie, but a heavy-handed mix of personal tragedy and theoretical physics doesn’t leave much room for subtle storytelling. Interstellar boasts performances from big names, but in our imagesaturated age, in which mind-blowing visuals become expected, the film doesn’t quite inspire our awe in the way Kubrick did.

The movie opens with a series of documentary-style interviews which seem to be about the Dust Bowl of the ‘30s. However, we quickly discover that this is a drought yet to come. Somewhere in the not-too-distant future, Earth has been ravaged by an environmental disaster.

Former NASA pilot Cooper (Matthew McConaughey), a widowed father of two, is now a farmer tasked with growing one of the planet’s last remaining sustainable crops: corn (suggesting that Nolan has either a great sense of irony or none at all). The NASA for which he once flew, believed to have long

been disbanded, has in fact gone underground. As Cooper soon discovers, scientists, including a professor named Brand (Michael Caine), have been working for years to find humans a new home on a distant planet. Coop is asked to pilot the mission along with Brand’s daughter Amelia (Hathaway), an astrophysicist (David Gyasi), a geographer (Wes Bentley), and a pair of robots.

This is not a movie about saving Earth. Cooper himself makes it very clear that “we’re not meant to save the world.

We’re meant to leave it.” In a film that runs almost three hours, Nolan devotes mere seconds to Cooper’s decision to abandon his family. Interstellar rushes to blast off so Cooper can search for humanity’s next planetary home. Obviously, the space mission is what we came for, and Nolan clearly makes that his priority.

The main obstacle that Cooper and his fellows must overcome is time itself. What hours are to the crew members are years back on Earth. The longer they take to get answers, the older their loved ones will get. In any case, Interstellar is quite adamant that however many dimensions may exist, love trumps them all. Love, we are shown, is “the one thing that transcends time and space.”

Despite its shortcomings, Interstellar is a movie worth seeing. What Nolan lacks in intellectual and emotional depth, he makes up for in his truly remarkable visual conception of deep space. At his best, he makes the viewer believe that the worlds he’s inventing have no end, and that time and space truly are as manipulable as he claims. Yes, it may be tedious at times and absurd at others. But the scope and ambition of Nolan’s vision are refreshing in this era of safe bets, sequels, spinoffs, and franchise-hopefuls.

argosy@mta.ca

Alex Fancy is pioneering a unique form of performance.

He calls it “memorial theatre.”

His dramatic reading, entitled 14–18: Allisonians at War, recently premiered in the Motyer-Fancy Theatre.

By collecting and curating letters, poems, speeches and newspaper articles from the Mount Allison community between 1914 and 1918, Fancy hoped to observe Remembrance Day and the centennial of the First World War with a presentation of historical memory.

“I wanted those passages and those voices to speak for themselves,” said Fancy during an interview, regarding the medium of presentation. “It

seemed like a dramatic reading was the only way of doing it.”

The idea for the production originally came from Margaret Fancy, who was fascinated by the wealth of Mt. A students, staff, alumni and soldiers that dedicated many cultural contributions to the First World War. Fancy’s challenge was to organize the massive amount of documents into an engaging and accessible narrative. To do this, he had different actors and actresses representing various areas of the Mt. A community, such as the Eurhetorian Debate Society, the Ladies’ College, the Argosy newspaper, and the Canadian soldiers in France.

The reading was divided into “scenes” that progressed chronologically but also thematically, exploring different emotions and attitudes of students, staff and soldiers as the War evolved.

“Those scenes are dramatic in their contrast, and they also provided a kind of trajectory,” said Fancy. “Stories provide coherence in a chaotic world.”

This idea of contrast was central to the reading, as many of the monologues invited comparisons between the drastically different experiences for those at the university and those serving abroad. Mitchell Gunn, whose character served to channel the voices of the soldiers in France, spoke to these contrasting images.

“This was an incredibly deterministic event going on in Europe,” said Gunn. “There was a lot of juxtaposition between the seriousness and the tragedy that was going on overseas, and the humble college life.”

The reading also seemed to stress the complexities of human experience, and moved between moments of trauma and loss, as well as comedy and celebration. To this end, Gunn felt that this type of theatre was a valuable exercise because of its ability to present a diversity of perspectives during this historical period.

“It wasn’t just a tragic war effort,” said Gunn. “The

people who were alive at the time, they still laughed, they still sang, and they were still happy.” “[The audience] knew that it was a multifaceted thing, and they relished the reminder,” said Gunn.

When constructing the script for the play, Fancy saw these written records as an important way for individuals to have their voices heard.

In particular, he saw the journalism, poetry, and letters published in the Argosy during this period as constructive ways to discuss the trauma of the War. “The Argosy created a space where people could talk about their experiences,” said Fancy. “I think maybe [the newspaper] provided a therapeutic venue to share experiences and feelings that they didn’t have any other way of sharing.”

Based on feedback from the performances, Fancy is considering making this event an annual one. The reading was staged on Nov. 5, 6, and 11.

Punk rock girls dominate T&L

Nestled in the back end of Thunder & Lightning, Shag Harbour played an energetic set to an enthusiastic crowd. (Adrian Kiva/Argosy)

Grrrl’s Night draws lively audience Amanda Cormier

Arts & Culture Reporter If there is one word to describe Thunder & Lightning’s “Grrrl’s Night,” it would be “power.” The event featured three bands that shared some common features: female vocalists, boundless energy, and powerful performances that left the audience wanting more.

With their punk rock and metal sounds, all of the evening’s female-dominated groups were loud, bold, and empowered. The show’s name says it all; like a wild animal

on the hunt, each performance was fiercer than the one before.

What really made the show special was how these women completely dominated the space and embodied what the music represents. Their stage presence was phenomenal and helped demonstrate the feelings of anger and boldness which their songs invoked.

Shag Harbour was the first band to perform, and their lighter rock sound was refreshing and enjoyable. Of the three girls, two of them sang together and created rich harmonies on stage. The group was consistent throughout the performance; each song was as fast and catchy as the one before, and they maintained a pleasantly sassy attitude that kept the crowd entertained. They dropped profanities casually and with smiles on their faces, creating

a cool juxtaposition between sweetness and boldness.

After a quick intermission, Cheap Wig took a completely different spin on this attitude, which would prove to be a theme throughout the evening. On a technical level, the group was talented. What really made Cheap Wig stand out, though, was their stage presence. The vocalist, while using some powerful screaming techniques, boldly jumped into the crowd and performed directly to particular audience members.

Ursula was the last band to perform, and they had a level of stage presence and energy that was parallel to Cheap Wig; their music, however, was slightly lighter and included some moments of singing rather than screaming.

Occasionally, the songs slowed down for a moment and the

singer would give a more relaxed, heartfelt performance.

But these moments didn’t last long, as the band would continually bring up the energy of their songs by several notches, jumping and dancing around once again.

Overall, when it came to all three of these bands, the music was really good. The lyrics, though sometimes hard to hear over other instruments, spoke unapologetically of love and sex, among other things.

The beat was fast but steady, and their strong guitar riffs added an element of intensity to the performances.

The bands’ impulsive, inyour-face attitudes had the crowd going wild. The energy of thousands of people at a larger concert was condensed into a group of about fifty, and the result was incredible to experience.

The Argosy

www.argosy.ca

ARTS & CULTURE

Keillor plays with form and memory Exhibition invokes nostalgia Amanda Cormier

Arts & Culture Reporter Jasmine Keillor’s exhibition at START Gallery, entitled “Echoes from Home,” is characterized by two main concepts: nostalgia and juxtaposition.

By pulling inspiration from old family photo albums, Keillor attempted to isolate specific moments in her personal history and present them in a unique way.

“Nostalgia as a psychological state fascinates me because it is rooted in paradox and contradiction,” reads Keillor’s artist statement.

In an interview, she explained that her work explores “a juxtaposition between longing and distance and romanticized memories.”

She focuses on imagery that, like memories, can be isolated and floating.

One of Keillor’s pieces, Imitations, presents three small paintings on found wood. The paintings depict moments

Keillor poses in START Gallery with Voids, a piece that involved burning holes in old family photographs. (Chris Donovan/Argosy) from her childhood, including herself and her two brothers.

Keillor described the process of painting in thin layers and putting holes in the images. She also described the juxtaposition between the creative process of painting and the destructive element of carving. “[I was] trying to make these really careful paintings, and then digging into them,” said Keillor of Imitations. “I’m really interested in stripping

the imagery of its physicality.”

Keillor is also interested in abstract art, and combines this with realism in Islands. The piece takes inspiration from childhood photos but adds abstract shapes and patterns to create something she describes as “solid but tangible.”

“For these, I started by doing the patterns, and then I wanted these figures that were interacting with it,” said Keillor, pointing out the patterns that juxtapose with

realistic childhood images. “It was kind of whimsical and abstract.”

This whimsical element continues onto another piece, Trees, which combines natural imagery and text – a treeshaped mass of words. “The text is kind of like a stream of consciousness,” Keillor explained.

Another of Keillor’s pieces, entitled 1994, depicts a sleeping baby painted in very thin layers on stained

wood. Moving closer to the painting, viewers can clearly see the wood and its texture underneath, but it still comes across as a complete and solid painting.

“I wanted to create something that’s tangible, but not really, because memories are so foggy,” said Keillor, adding that she enjoys “playing with juxtapositions of transparency and solidity.”

One of the larger pieces, Voids, focuses on “taking

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the sweetness and ordinary familiarity of family photos, and then burning holes in them.” Keillor took old childhood photos – featuring herself, her siblings, and her cousins – and isolated those moments by painting them on wood before burning holes in them.

“The holes, with their burnt, charred edges, introduce an element of mystery and intangibility that is steeped in disquietude and strangeness,” she wrote in her artist statement.

Threads, another of Keillor’s pieces, is a series of six ink drawings, featuring trees and other structures connected by thin lines. Keillor said that this piece was inspired by looking at magnified images of spider webs.

“I liked the idea of using spider webs as a way to map out thoughts,” she said. Like in Trees, she used text in these drawings to represent a stream of consciousness.

Keillor began exploring the themes of nostalgia and memories last year, and has recently become much more invested in them as concepts.

All of the exhibition’s pieces are from the past two years.

Keillor’s work can be viewed at START Gallery until Nov. 26.

Film explores posthumously West Ave and Mister Fister shred at the Shed discovered photography Indie bands take the rickety stage Kael MacQuarrie Last Saturday night, around 40 people made the trek to the outskirts of town to cram themselves into the infamous Shed behind the now defunct George’s Roadhouse. The Shed would soon fill up for a night of sloppy indie rock from local bands West Ave and Mister Fister and the Steel Knuckles.

A hanging lightbulb propped around an old pipe provided backlight for the bands, leaving the Shed a dark den filled with smoke and shame. Mister Fister opened the night, playing 13 songs of shambling guitar rock. The band, a three piece, played a set of original songs, based around chunky riffs and solos that sounded like they could’ve been ripped from a mid-2000s Queens of the Stone Age track. The set was driven by the rhythm section, with locals Mitch Mackay on bass and Brandon Archibald on drums, who played steady

jams that allowed the guitarist, Brody Mackay, enough space to efficiently solo. Though the set of songs was unfamiliar to those in attendance, people didn’t seem to mind, with the crowd responding warmly to the set, partaking in friendly moshing. The band did an excellent job at warming the crowd up, setting a high energy tone for the night.

After a brief intermission, West Ave took the stage to play 11 songs of the classic soft-loud-soft indie rock that has come to define modern independent rock. The band, who released their debut album, Call Me Susan, in August, played a set of new and old tracks. After warming the crowd up with a new track, the band stormed through their catalogue, playing faithful renditions of album cuts, which the audience went wild for. Guitarist Nick Grant fused a guitar style that sounds like Johnny Marr covering a Pavement song, littered with solos that smoothly cut through the fuzz like a punkrock David Gilmour. Hayden Nurse, wearing a heart locket containing a picture of Morrissey, held a position behind the drums, beating the skins within an inch of destruction like John Bonham

shot full of red bull. The track “Karamazov Rock” was the drum highlight of the night, with a steady beat that builds to a stop and start chorus, showing off the proficiency of the bassist and drummers skill, while still allowing Grant to impress with his guitar work.

After 10 original songs, which culminated in a broken string for Grant, the guitarist swapped in a borrowed guitar and the band played a barn-burning cover of The Rolling Stones’ “Jumpin’ Jack Flash” that sent the crowd into a frenzy. Though the microphone was knocked over by the rowdy crowd during the cover, the band went along with it as if it was planned, jamming unfazed as an audience member set the dropped equipment back up.

Following the extended cover, the show came to an end, leaving the beer- and sweat-soaked crowd to walk back into town in the cold. No one complained, though, as the warmth of the music and adrenaline of such an event were more than enough to make the cold disappear.

Biopic highlights Maier’s work

Allison Grogan Finding Vivian Maier is a unique exploration of an undiscovered great in the world of photography.

Featuring one woman and over 150,000 negatives, the film documents the work and mysterious life of a nannyturned-photographer whose prolific lifetime never resulted in any published work.

After discovering thousands of negatives and rolls of undeveloped film at an auction, filmmaker John Maloof started on a quest to track down this mysterious woman, only to discover that she had recently died. Maloof ’s journey to uncover Maier’s past is framed by interviews with past families who employed the photographer as a nanny.

The film’s primary focus on Maier’s work is the key to its success. Although the journey of unveiling Maier’s past is not as compelling as the photos themselves, the film skillfully balances the footage of the process, the interviews, and

her photographs. If the film had focused too heavily on Maloof ’s meticulous efforts to find out every detail about this mysterious woman’s life, the film would have suffered. At a time when street photography is as present as it was in the fifties, Maloof ’s biggest achievement with this film was bringing Maier’s work to an eager audience.

One of Maloof ’s main concerns in the film is tackling the question of why Maier took so many photos and never printed or shared any of them. Though this is an interesting question, the more compelling focus of the film is the exploration of the photos themselves. If there’s one thing any viewer can gather from the film, it’s that Maier was an exemplary photographer and understood the portrait inside and out.

While the film depicts Maier as a bit of a recluse who got along with only the children she nannied, it is evident from her photographs that she understood and sympathized with people. Maier beats Humans of New York by a long shot when it comes to the art of street portraiture, and she could easily compete with her contemporaries like Robert Frank, who made

portraiture his career.

Equally as impressive as her life’s work is the high quality of the photographs.

For a nanny who appeared to have no formal training in photography, Maier’s technique was flawless. Her photographs capture her subjects with impeccable composition and beautiful lighting.

Though the documentary shows only a fraction of her work, it’s clear that Maloof had uncovered a great artist when he came across the first suitcase of negatives.

The film skillfully tackles the controversy of posthumously curating and selling an artist’s work without their explicit permission. Because Maier never lived to see her work in museums and galleries, the film’s interviews were often concerned with the ethics involved in publishing her work. The film does a good job of laying out the reasoning behind why Maloof decided to go through with printing and publishing her work, as it pays tribute to her as an artist and does not try to reshape her content. The exhibits were simple and the prints were orderly and uniform, letting the photographs speak for themselves.

8

LABOUR RELATIONS

November 20, 2014

argosy@mta.ca

The long road

With the university’s future at stake, professors and administrators sti Even in the days before they were handed a new collective agreement by an arbitrator, the university’s faculty union and administration could not agree about some of the basic issues highlighted in, and the details of, arbitration. The split between administration and faculty led to the strike that knocked three weeks off last year’s winter semester and has marked the entire collective bargaining process lasting a year and a half.

Points of friction “For us, the issues were money, but there were other issues that were really key around employer powers that would have significantly altered our working conditions. Those were really sensitive processes around tenure and promotion, sabbatical revue, intellectual property, and teaching evaluations,” said Loralea Michaelis, the Mount Allison Faculty Association’s president.

Karen Grant, Mount Allison’s provost and vice-president academic and research, highlighted a different set of issues for the administration, including the university’s bottom line.

According to Grant, a number of years ago the university made the decision to guide its decision process according to a model of intergenerational equity. In practice, this means that current students should not be benefitting from fiscal policies, such as deficits, which could potentially be harmful to future generations of students.

“This is an institution where we do have to be concerned about the bottom line; we have certain requirements about our ability to operate. We’ve got board policies that require us to run a balanced budget,” said Grant.

Tenure is a major point of disagreement between faculty and administration, not least because the two sides can’t agree on whether or not it was actually an issue during the bargaining process.

Michaelis said tenure was a contentious issue during negotiations before the strike, but Grant said that it was not an issue at any point.

“Tenure was never an issue. I’m not sure where that comes from. There was never any issue whatsoever with respect to tenure. Nothing. Ever. I’m not even sure what that reference would be to,” Grant said.

Debates about academic policies, or even which points of debate arose during negotiations, were not the only points of conflict. Michaelis and Grant offered irreconcilable views on the process of labour relations itself.

“I think labour relations are by definition adversarial, so a unionized workplace is a workplace in which there can be a degree of the employer testing of the resolve of the union and the union needing to show and muster its members to be able to respond appropriately.” Michaelis said.

Grant’s view differed. “[Labour

relations] don’t necessarily have to be [adversarial],” said Grant.

Both sides were concerned about how a new collective agreement might affect Mt. A in relation to other universities. Maritime universities are no strangers to faculty strikes and labour disruptions. The strike of 2014 was the third faculty strike at this institution: faculty went on strike in 1992 and 1999. Elsewhere in the Maritimes, Acadia faculty went on strike in 2004 and 2007, the St. FX faculty in 2013 and the UNB faculty in 2014.

“Those proposals would have set us well outside the norm in the region. If the employer had won breakthroughs in our collective agreement, it would have been a significant breakthrough into the region,” Michaelis said.

A significant shift in labour relations at one university in the region could become a gateway for other universities or faculty associations to argue for similar proposals, or as the basis for a later arbitration decision.

The administration, on the other hand, took a financial perspective.

“There are lots of universities across the country that are deeply in debt, and we are not one of them.

But that’s about careful, prudent management of our resources,” Grant said.

T h e ad m in ist rat ion’s main spokespeople d u r i n g negotiations were Grant and Ron Byrne, vicepresident student and international affairs. President Robert Campbell remained at a distance, primarily communicating through mass emails with the university community. This approach continued when The Argosy requested interviews for this article.

Grant and Robert Hiscock, director of marketing and communication, spoke to The Argosy on behalf of the administration. The communications department did not address the Argosy’s request to speak to Campbell.

“This is an institution where we do have to be concerned about the bottom line; we have certain requirements about our ability to operate. We’ve got board policies that require us to run a balanced budget”

Reaching consensus?

“I think it’s fair to say that there have been some changes that have come down during the past few years,” said Andrew Irwin, professor of mathematics and former chief negotiator for MAFA. “Sometimes, the whole thing feels mysterious.

Several different things went on at the same time in regards to what is the best course of action to take for our institution. I think it’s quite clear how we can improve [Mt. A]; we just have to work towards that,” said Irwin.

Michaelis has been taking notice of these changes, particularly during the bargaining process. “Employers have been resorting to more aggressive tactics. They push, they offer next to nothing as far as salaries are concerned, they table all kinds of proposals that would significantly change the balance of power between faculty and employer, and increase employer rights, and diminish employee rights,” Michaelis said.

While in most cases an eleventhhour resolution is reached and potentially avoids strike action, in the instances of Mt. A and UNB, no eleventh hour resolution was reached.

“There did seem to be a decision, on the part of both employers, to push matters into a strike,” said Michaelis.

“I’m not sure to what extent there is a purpose served in going back,” said Grant when asked about proposals which could have triggered the strike. “We had a strike, there were some differences, let’s see how those differences are resolved and let’s move forward. That is, I think, a much more positive way to go.

It’s probably in everyone’s interest to focus on looking forward than to simply keep on looking back. I think the overwhelming majority of the members of this community are focused forward,” Grant said.

“Increasingly, faculty are seen as employees instead of independent workers,” said David Robinson, the Canadian Alliance of University Teachers’ executive director. “Faculty needs academic freedom to explore new fields. That academic freedom is central to the academic mission of the university. Employers are focusing on short-term results instead, where academic freedom is foreign.”

The strike In May 2013, MAFA signalled its readiness to begin negotiations with the employer. By June 2013, the parties had exchanged their first proposals for a new collective agreement. After eight months of negotiations, on Jan. 27, 2014, Mt. A’s faculty and librarians took strike action. The strike lasted until Feb. 17, 2014.

“The decision to take a strike was a decision taken as a result of the realization that some of the transformative proposals that the employer had tabled were unlikely to be withdrawn,” said Michaelis.

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LABOUR RELATIONS

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d to a contract

9

ill aren’t speaking the same language. Jean-Sébastien Comeau reports.

“A strike certainly does put a lot of pressure on students. It’s only with the greatest reluctance that faculty will leave class for the picket lines, but the issues that were at stake were so important to us that the long-term well-being of the university and the long-term interests of our members counterbalanced the short-term disruption of a strike,” Michaelis said.

When a strike vote was passed, 86 per cent of the faculty and librarians who voted opted to strike, a record high in the history of MAFA. Those who did not vote were counted as no.

MAFA represents 154 full-time and 56 part-time faculty and librarians.

A record low in the history of MAFA of those who did not support the strike went back to work: only seven faculty members decided to head back. And of those who went out on strike, no one broke the ranks. “We were very proud of our members, and they have every reason to be proud of themselves,” said Michaelis.

Dave Thomas, MAFA’s vicepresident, saw the strike bring a strong sense of unity and politicization within MAFA’s membership. “Members that wouldn’t previously be interested in governance issues became aware and concerned for the first time. Going forward, I think we’ll continue to see

a renewed sense of participation in collegial governance and a renewed sense of care and involvement in the governance of the institution,” said Thomas. “Many of the problems that led to the strike and the vote of nonconfidence are still with us and are responsible for a continued feeling of unease. But once we receive the decision of the arbitrator and sign a new collective agreement, it should help bring a sense of closure. At that point it will become more apparent why it was necessary to do what we did,” said Thomas.

Moving forward

The new collective agreement presented to MAFA and the administration ends 18 months of bargaining, mediation, and arbitration.

The agreement to arbitration brought an end to the threeweek strike that punctuated the negotiations.

The parties heard back from arbitrator Kevin Burkett on Nov. 18, but at press time neither would comment on the new collective agreement.

The two parties held a series of meetings in August 2014.

“The two sides met over the course of a few days to clarify and to narrow the issues that were being considered at arbitration. This was done so that the arbitration would go smoothly, would be more focused, more clear,” said Michaelis.

Grant rather spoke of the Sept.

19 hearing which took place in the presence of the arbitrator, where both sides presented their proposals before Burkett began his work.

“Over the latter part of the spring, [Campbell] invited members of the community to meet and to talk about matters of concern to them. There were also a number of one-on-one meetings held with faculty to hear from individuals about their concerns.

Out of that process, the president took what he heard in those meetings and identified a series of priorities,” Grant said.

Grant identified the newly established Budget Advisory Committee as one of the initiatives to have come out of this consultation process.

The committee is a way for the administration to provide greater transparency in regards to the drafting and the contents of the budget.

Oddly enough, engagement might be the place where the sides could find common ground.

“Out best hope was that regardless of the side that students took [during the strike], that they took the opportunity to think about the issues that were being raised; to think about the conditions of life at the university, and that universities that they are attending have become battleground,” Michaelis said.

“Our best hope was that regardless of the side that students took [during the strike], that they took the opportunity to think about the issues that were being raised; to think about the conditions of life at the university, and that the universities that they are attending have become battlegrounds”

This year’s faculty strike saw faculty and students alike take to the streets and picket lines. Some students demonstrated their support of MAFA while others were concerned with recieving a tutition rebate for lost class time. The faculty ranks were bolstered by ‘flying pickets’ sent by the Canadian Association of University Teachers. (Chris Donovan/Argosy)

SPORTS Mann clinches championship in cold November 20, 2014

argosy@mta.ca

Captain dashes to title in double overtime Alex Bates

Sports Editor

As the ACAA Women’s Rugby championship was held the day after Sackville’s first snowfall of the winter, the Mount Allison Mounties and St. Thomas University Tommies had to battle frigid conditions to win the league title. After a hard-fought match, the Mounties prevailed 10-5 in double overtime.

“It was probably the hardest game anyone on the team has ever had to play,” said team captain Sydney Mann. At game time, the temperature was still below zero, with a cold wind whipping across the Park Street Field, and about five centimetres of snow blanketed the playing surface.

Only the bold elected not to wear thermal clothing under their jerseys in the fierce conditions.

The first half was played to a near stalemate, other than a try by Hillary Shields fourteen minutes into the match. Shields’s proceeding

The Women’s Rugby team battled against extreme conditions to take their third ACAA title in the past four years. (Sarah Richardson/Argosy) conversion was unsuccessful, and the Tommies took a 5-0 lead into the half.

Momentum seemed to be with the Mounties at the start of the second half, and it wasn’t long before Kaija Belec was able to score a try for the Mounties. Belec’s conversion was also unsuccessful in the weather, and the two teams were destined for overtime.

The last thing either team wanted to do was spend more time on the field than they had to. However, to decide

the title, the teams would have to play sudden-death overtime. Mt. A and STU battled through a scoreless first overtime period to force a subsequent overtime period. The game had lasted for over two hours before Mann was able to break free, running seventy yards, scoring the championshipclinching try, giving the Mounties an exhilarating 10-5 double overtime victory over the Tommies.

“The conditions were against us

but the whole team played as one and persevered right to the end,” said Mann, a member of the 2014 ACAA All-Conference team. “STU put up a great fight and game was very even right to the end. In these sudden death overtime situations, all it takes is one break to end it.”

The title is the team’s third ACAA title in the past four years, and the victory avenges the team’s 22-17 loss to the Dalhousie Agricultural College

Rams in the ACAA final in 2013.

Mann, who scored the final try, is in her fourth year with the rugby team, and will not soon forget her final game. “I couldn’t have asked for a better team to play with. We had a very skilled group of girls who made the long season worthwhile,” said Mann. “We also had a great team behind the scenes including our coaches, trainers, and managers who made everything run smoothly.”

The short history of Lalonde leads Mounties to pair of victories the world of health Women move Some strange treatments are still in use Madalon Burnett The world of health is always changing as new discoveries are made, and though we have yet to find a cure for cancer, we’ve made a lot of progress in human history to get to where we are. Some of the treatments used in the past were downright laughable.

For example, in the early 20th century, unruly children were given concoctions of narcotics like morphine to calm them down. Astonishingly, some of the more bizarre treatments used in history are still in use today.

Maggot therapy as a method of wound treatment was first recorded over 500 years ago.

The method is fairly simple: maggots are inserted into a wound, allowed to consume infected tissue, and removed when new healthy tissue has formed. It was first researched in the early 20th century by military surgeons, but usage declined as antibiotics became a more popular choice to prevent bacterial infection in

the 1940s and 1950s. Soon however came the discovery of resistant strains of bacteria to antibiotics, and starting in the 1990s, maggots once again became an option. They are currently used in over thirty countries.

Another slightly repulsive ancient healing method that still has a promising future is snail mucus. Snail secretions were recommended

by Hippocrates to treat dermatological problems. In the 1800s, it was believed that snail mucus could cure hernias, along with its being used in concoctions called snail syrup to cure coughing and other breathing complications.

In fact, snail slime has antimicrobial properties, can act as a local anesthetic, and contains an antioxidant.

Studies have shown that snail slime has the ability to relax the trachea. It is also used to help indicate the presence of certain cancers, and is a component in other commonly prescribed drugs.

But what might be the most shocking medical treatment in history which remains an option today is what is referred to as trepanning, which is boring a hole through the skull. Skulls with holes in them have been dated back as early as the Stone Age. Some

of the skulls showed signs of head trauma, suggesting that trepanning was used as a method of releasing pressure from built-up fluids. Other skulls appeared perfectly normal apart from the large hole drilled in them, and researchers suspect that these also indicated attempts to release pressure as in the case of migraines.

Signs of trepanning have been discovered all over the world. In Peru, skulls with up to seven holes have been found. Today, if you visit the website of the International Trepanning Advocacy Group, it will inform you that “making a opening in the skull favorably alters movement of blood through the brain and improves brain functions.”

Before you pull out your own drill, it’s important to do your research. Exposing your brain leaves a lot of room for infection of the lining of the skull, a condition known as meningitis, along with other serious risks.

The Wellness Centre here at Mt. A is not currently equipped with maggots, snail slime, or electric drills, but stay tuned!

Madalon Burnett is Mount Allison’s Health Intern.

to fifth place in AUS after big weekend

Benjamin Foster Sports Reporter

The Women’s Hockey team sat last in the AUS on Friday with just one win and three points this season, but after two weekend wins over SMU and Dalhousie, Mt. A now sits fifth in the conference. The Mounties won both games by one goal on the strength of great goaltending coupled with timely scoring.

The Mounties picked up their second win of the season at home on Saturday, Nov. 15 beating SMU 4-3 in a match up that was back and forth, with neither team ever taking a two-goal lead at any point.

Keri Martin got the start in goal, stopping twentyeight of the thirty-one shots thrown her way. Goaltenders Martin, Kate O’Brien, and Megan Colpitts have created a three-headed monster in the net for the Mounties, keeping other teams guessing whom they’ll be facing. The team’s success was built off of timely scoring when presented with

opportunities, something the team had not been able to do before this season.

The Mounties scored all four of their goals on the power play, where they went four for seven in the game. Martin and the Mounties defence shut down the Huskies’ five power play opportunities.

“The coaches have set up a new power play system for us, and as we saw tonight, it certainly works,” said MacKenzie Lalonde, who currently leads the Mounties in scoring this season with seven goals. “We were lucky enough to have lots of power play opportunities throughout the game, including a five on three, so we were able take advantage of that and capitalize.”

For ward K e l l y Matarrazzo contributed with two goals and one assist, and Megan Cameron and captain Kristen Cooze chipped in with two assists each.

Martin led the Mounties to their second victory in two days against the Tigers in Halifax on Sunday night. She stopped thirty of thirty-one shots, including eleven in the third period to preserve a tight

2-1 victory for Mt. A. The Mounties scored both of their goals in the second period, with Lalonde notching her seventh goal and Rosie Heffernan scoring shorthanded. Both teams were in lots of penalty trouble, serving a total of thirteen minor penalties in the match, but only one power play goal was scored.

Matarrazzo stood out in the faceoff circle, winning twentynine of her forty-one faceoffs during the two games.

Lalonde is one of the top scorers in the AUS this season with eight points in ten games.

“I’m pretty pleased with how well I’ve been playing. I think as a team we are finally getting some momentum and I think that has been the driving force in my play,” she said.

“We have a great group of girls with lots of talent and I have no doubt in my mind we can turn this season around.”

The Mounties will look to continue their hot play in two away games this weekend against the Université de Moncton Aigles Bleus and the St. Thomas Tommies.

“The coaches have set up a new powerplay system for us, and as we saw tonight, it certainly works.”

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Mounties taking their talents to Hamilton Destination set for 2014 CIS Mitchell Bowl Benjamin Foster

Sports Reporter

For the second straight season, the Mounties Football team are one of the last four teams remaining in the CIS. Mt. A won their second straight Loney Bowl and the sixth in their long history on Nov. 8 at MacAulay Field, controlling the St. FX X-Men in a convincing 29-7 victory. Despite being eliminated in the Uteck Bowl in 2013, the team has more hopeful expectations for the Nov. 22 Mitchell Bowl, the Uteck Bowl’s sister game.

The Mounties will travel to Hamilton, Ont. to play against the third-ranked McMaster Marauders.

They will play at Ron Joyce Stadium, which seats up to 12,000 fans. The game will be Mt. A’s first serious test of 2014, as it will be their first game against a ranked opponent.

The biggest difference between this year’s team and last year’s is the expectations. Mt. A is the only unbeaten team left in the country at 9-0, and have held a top ten ranking for the majority of the season.

“We said at the beginning of the year that we wanted to go further than last year, so winning the Mitchell Bowl and going to the Vanier is our goal. The experience we gained in the Uteck last year has prepared us for this game,” said Mounties wide receiver

Josh Blanchard. “We know what the atmosphere is going to be like, so we will be much more poised and ready for the challenge.”

The Marauders will be no easy test.

McMaster won the Vanier Cup in 2011, and now comes into their third national semi-final in the past four seasons. McMaster lost in the national final to Laval in 2012, which was the Marauders’ last Mitchell Bowl victory.

McMaster has a reputation for having the best defence in the OUA, just as the Mounties have a reputation for having one of the best defences in the AUS. This season, McMaster is ranked third in the CIS and has lost only one game, over a month ago against Ottawa.

“It’s going to be a very tough challenge for sure,” said quarterback Brandon Leyh. “We have got off to a couple slow starts this year and we know we can’t do that against OUA teams. We also aren’t as familiar with them but that works both ways.”

The OUA is a higher-scoring conference than the AUS. The Marauders averaged 36.4 points per game and surrendered 17.8 points per game. McMaster has eleven players still on the squad from their 2011 Vanier Cup victory, including quarterback Marshall Ferguson who threw for 2058 yards and 15 touchdowns this season.

The Marauders will be carried on defence by OUA defensive player of the year Nick Shortill and the Hec Creighton nominee defensive lineman Adam Dickson. The defence had five interceptions and scored the only touchdown for the Marauders to win the team their seventh Yates Cup since

2000.

The Mounties will depend on their own defence to lead them in this national semifinal. They have conceded the fewest points in the CIS and have four AUS All-Conference members.

The Mounties offence will be led

by Brandon Leyh, who has stood out in the playoffs in the past two seasons, throwing 212 yards and two touchdowns in the Loney Bowl.

Leyh will look for his favorite target this season, Loney Bowl MVP Josh Blanchard, who has been key for the Mounties.

The Mounties offence have utilized trick plays in 2014, which are becoming a staple in coach Kelly Jeffrey’s playbook.

Brandon Leyh isn’t willing to divulge any secrets before the Mitchell Bowl, though. “So far we haven’t added any plays but I’m sure we will,” he said.

The Mounties should be wellrested after having two bye weeks surrounding their Loney Bowl victory.

McMaster has played important games in each of those three weekends.

“The bye week is always a good thing. A little time off never hurt anyone, plus it helps guys to get healthy. Everyone is hurting a little bit at this point of the season so to have this week off is absolutely gigantic,” Leyh said.

The winner of the Mitchell Bowl will advance to the Vanier Cup on Nov. 29 in Montreal against the winner of the Uteck Bowl. Kick off of the Mitchell Bowl will be at 5 p.m. on Nov. 22, and will be broadcast on Sportsnet 360. The Argosy will live tweet the Uteck and Mitchell Bowls.

SPORTS

11

Sports in Brief Compiled by Alex Bates

Mounties fall to MSVU in Halifax

After opening the 2014-15 ACAA season with a three-game win streak, the Women’s Volleyball Mounties have lost their first game. The team lost in straight sets to the Mount Saint Vincent University Mystics, the reigning ACAA champions. The Mystics have plagued the Mounties in previous seasons, and again gave coach Paul Settle’s squad a rough time in Halifax on Sunday.

The Mystics dispatched the visiting Mounties in just three sets, winning 2519, 25-10 and 26-24. Lynne Arsenault had twelve kills in the match, tying the Mystics’ Christina Day for most in the match.

The Mounties will now play a home and home against the Holland College Hurricanes Saturday, Nov. 22 at 3 p.m. and Sunday, Nov. 23. The Hurricanes and Mounties are currently tied in the ACAA standings at third place with three wins and one loss. Both teams trail MSVU and Dal AC, who have four wins and one loss.

Henry leads Mt. A to third win with 24 points

The Mounties have collected their third win of the 2014 ACAA Men’s Basketball season after beating the University of King’s College Blue Devils 87-72, Sunday.

The team ended the first quarter trailing the Blue Devils 25-10, but outscored their opponents 77-47 in the final three quarters to take the match. Kaleefah Henry scored a game-high twenty-four points for the Mounties. Alex Chisholm and Bradley Fuller chipped in with sixteen and thirteen points, respectively.

The win pushes the Mounties into second place in the ACAA, with three wins and one loss. The Mounties have also moved into fourteenth place in the CCAA rankings, up one spot from last week’s rankings. Ahead of the Mounties in the ACAA are the Holland College Hurricanes, who rank second in the CCAA. The Mounties will host the Mount Saint Vincent University Mystics Sunday, Nov. 23 at 3 p.m. in McCormack Gymnasium. MSVU sits fifth in the ACAA, with two wins and three losses. Jack Gallinaugh currently leads the Mystics with 12.6 points per game.

Mounties sit in three-way tie for third in ACAA

The Women’s Basketball Mounties improved to two wins and two losses after defeating the University of Kings’s College Blue Devils 88-71.

Lauren MacEachern scored a game-high twenty-one points for Mt. A, leading the team to their second win in as many games for the Mounties. The win bumps the Mounties into a three-way tie for third place in the ACAA standings.

The Mounties will face the Mount Saint Vincent University Mystics Sunday at 1 p.m. The Mystics have three wins and are currently tied for first in the ACAA standings.

Better Know a Mountie: Bradley Fuller Benjamin Foster Sports Reporter

In 2013-14, Bradley Fuller had a season to remember. He collected the Men’s Basketball team’s Rookie of the Year award after leading the Mounties in scoring with 14.2 points per game, highlighted by a half court gamewinning shot against Mount Saint Vincent. However, the Mounties, who are now ranked fifteenth nationally in the CCAA, have bigger aspirations this season.

“We want to compete with everyone,” said the centre. “We know there are tough teams but we can definitely compete with any of them.

To win the ACAA championship this year we just need to put in a full team effort against top teams like Holland College and Crandall. We proved that we can do it when we beat Crandall last weekend.”

The Wolfville, N.S. native has been playing basketball and baseball in the summer months since grade three. “I like them both the same to be honest with you.”

Height has always been an advantage for the 6-6 Fuller. He pitches in baseball and has always played center

in provincials twice and finished fourth in his senior year. “It was pretty disappointing losing to Auburn and Dartmouth back-to-back in the provincial finals, but it was still my best basketball memory before coming to Mt. A,” said Fuller. “We had a really good team those years. I had really good coaching which definitely helped me a lot and it was great preparation for the next level.”

Mt. A was not the only school to recruit Fuller; Acadia and St. Thomas both approached him. “At STU, I really didn’t like their programs because I did not want to study arts.

And then with Acadia I just felt like I wanted to get away from home and see some things. I wouldn’t have gotten to play for at least two seasons.

I chose Mt. A because I really liked the coach and the programs the school offered,” said Fuller.

Fuller is known around the ACAA for his buzzer-beating shot over MSVU. “The buzzer-beater was just kind of crazy. I just remember looking down the floor because I thought we were going to throw it long to get the

two points. I stayed back and didn’t really even think. I just threw it up and it went in.”

In Fuller’s first season as a Mountie the team finished fifth in the conference with a record of ten wins and eleven losses. “It was great, I really enjoyed it. It was a bigger jump than what most people expected coming from high school. But I got along with the guys right away and we had an okay year,” he said.

The second-year commerce student calls his parents his role models and credits his first high school coach, Tim Kendrick, for helping him turn into the basketball player he is today.

He has lofty goals for the remainder of his days at Mt. A. “My biggest goal is to make it to Nationals; it would be something special. Winning the ACAA [title] first would be huge.”

“The buzzer-beater was just kind of crazy. I stayed back and didn’t really even think. I just threw it up and it went in.”

Fuller is averaging 14.3 ppg, eighth-best in the ACAA. (Sue Seaborn/Mount Allison) in basketball, even playing volleyball in middle school.

Fuller was part of a successful

basketball program at Horton High School. In his three years playing for the Griffins, the team finished second

Better Know a Mountie is sponsored by the Connors Group and ScotiaMcLeod.

SCIENCE

November 20, 2014

argosy@mta.ca

Research reveals common and uncommon sexual fantasies May change clinical perspective on sexual conditions Clay Steell

Science Reporter Sexual deviance may not be that deviant after all, new research suggests.

A novel study on which types of sexual fantasies are most common among the general population was published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine on Oct. 31 by researchers from the Université du Quebec à Trois-Rivières. It is the first study to statistically define how common certain sexual fantasies are across a wide demographic range. It found that far fewer sexual fantasies are atypical than traditionally believed, and that some fantasies are surprisingly common among

both men and women. The study’s findings may redefine the role of sexual fantasies in diagnosing sexual pathologies or illnesses.

The study used data from a survey which asked participants to rank 55 sexual fantasies on a scale of zero to seven, zero being no identification with a sexual fantasy and seven being total. Over 1500 participants were surveyed, ranging from 18 to 77 years old. Over half of the participants were women. Each survey also included one qualitative question, where participants could describe a strong sexual fantasy not listed. Of those surveyed, 85.1 per cent of participants identified as heterosexual, 3.6 per cent as homosexual, and 11.3 per cent as bisexual.

Only two sexual fantasies were found to be rare, being held by 2.3 per cent or less of the population, and were represented equally in all genders and sexualities: pedophilia and bestiality. The study’s authors said that previously used definitions of deviant or rare sexual fantasies covered many more than just these

two.

Nine sexual fantasies were unusual, or held by 15.9 per cent or less of the population. Two of these were shared by men and women: urinating on a partner and being urinated on.

Women exclusively had five unusual fantasies: cross dressing, forcing someone else to have sex, abusing a drunk or unconscious partner, having sex with a prostitute, or sex with a woman with small breasts. Men exclusively had two unusual fantasies: having sex with other men and having sex with more than three men.

Twenty-three sexual fantasies were common in men, or held by 50 per cent of the population, and 11 per cent in women. For example, half of women fantasized about having sex with two or more men, and half of men fantasized about having sex with a much younger partner. The number of common fantasies was greater than the authors originally hypothesized.

Sexual domination or submission was another important common fantasy, as it was a significant predictor of both number and intensity of other

scientists at NASA hypothesized that the carbon and hydrogen necessary to form the compound came from the equipment brought on board of the rover and is not natively found in the soil of Mars. Organic compounds do not mean life, but you cannot have life without organic compounds.

Scientists are naturally interested in the presence of organic compounds on Mars because it may be an indicator of possible or previous life.

This research group included British-German scientists, led by Frank Keppler from the Institute of Earth Sciences at the University of Heidelberg, Germany. He was tasked with figuring out whether or not the organic compound was due to contamination or was in fact possibly made solely from Martian soil. The team hypothesized that meteors falling on the surface of Mars could have provided a source of carbon and hydrogen. The team used a meteor found in Australia in 1969 as a part of their analysis. They

found that the meteor was 2 per cent carbon and a large amount of these micrometeorites fall on the surface of Mars each year, so the hypothesis was that the chlorine in the compound came from the Martian soil but the carbon and hydrogen actually needed comes from these kinds of meteors.

This analysis gives the alternative hypothesis a little more probability than the long-standing belief that it was a contamination issue, but more research will need to be done in order to strengthen the origin hypothesis of the chloromethane found. However, Keppler is not so quick to rule out an alternative “It cannot be ruled out that microorganisms, which might have been living on the planet some time ago, might have provided a fraction of the organic matter,” said Keppler.

Although there was no evidence presented for this conjecture in this research, scientists including Professor Keppler are keeping their eyes open to the possibility.

Organic compound possibly derived from martian soil Chloromethane can be made from Martian soil Tyler Pitre

Science Editor

Did they find life on mars? Not quite, but an interesting study has shown that organic compounds may have been synthesized from an experiment using Martian soil.

Data gathered by the Mars rover, Curiosity, found chloromethane after an experiment was done by heating up Martian soil. Chloromethane is a chemical compound made up of hydrogen, carbon, and chlorine and is present in some reactions in life.

The scientist detected chloromethane after an experiment was done, but

Picture of the red planet, Mars. Chloromethane can be made from Martian soil. (NASA / Flickr)

fantasies. Submissive fantasies were higher in women, but higher in men than previously predicted, with 53.3 per cent of men reporting submissive fantasies.

Submissive fantasies correlated equally with dominating fantasies in both men and women, going against previous clinical beliefs that women would identify more with submission and men more with domination.

The authors said that half of the women who reported submissive fantasies would not act on it in real life, and that this was an example of how sexual fantasies could be clinically distinguished from sexual wishes or needs.

Five sexual fantasies were typical, or held by 84.1 per cent or more of the population. Four were common to both men and women: romantic emotions in a sexual relationship, fantasies where the atmosphere or location is important, having sex in an unusual location, such as a bathroom or office, or receiving oral sex. One typical fantasy was exclusive to men: having sex with two women.

These typical fantasies contradict the authors’ hypothesis that men and women would share few sexual fantasies.

According to the study, an unexpected finding was that rates of homosexual fantasies exceed participants’ rates of homosexuality or bisexuality. One third of women reported some kind of homosexual fantasy, while only 12.6 per cent and 6 per cent identified as bisexual or homosexual, respectively. About 25 per cent of men fantasized about giving fellatio, but 89.5 per cent men identified as heterosexual.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a widely used reference in psychological fields, uses sexual fantasies diagnostically, but based on statistically weak research or subjective definitions. This study is the first to empirically define deviance from sexual fantasy norms.

Its authors were clear that their findings do not define psychological abnormality or pathology, but could aid in their future understanding.

Virtual reality treatment speeds up rehabilitation Innovative games help with impaired hands Tyler Pitre

Science Editor What can games do for you? It seems that for those suffering with certain physical impairments, it may be the answer they have been waiting for.

Innovative research has been conducted at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, led by Cupsze Choi, which has shown that the combination of using virtual reality and games can help patients with disabilities, in particular those with disabilities of the hands.

The research is based on haptic technology.

Haptic technology encompasses a whole set of methods aimed at simulating real sensation in the hand through the use of things like vibrations. The particular method used in this study is called force feedback, which gives give a real weight feeling to the actions being done on the game. This is supposed to make it easier for those suffering from impairment due to illnesses such as stroke or cerebral palsy, as well as many other neurological diseases.

The idea of incorporating a game into rehabilitation is an important factor to the success of this research.

Choi and his team believe that the rewarding aspect which the patients feel from successes in the game and the benefits of the technology gives the patient the best combination for rehabilitation. This was tested out in their preliminary study which was done on a group of school children with hand impairments and the results showed that they were completing tasks much more quickly than they did before, just after two

weeks of using the new technology.

As the patient progresses through their challenges, the difficulty is automatically adjusted accordingly.

This means that as the coordination of muscles improve, the games will become more difficult or will ask more of the patient. This gives the patients the ability to work at their own time and thrive toward a goal which fits their particular case and wishes. There is also the added bonus of accessibility, which is a problem for current methods. Many patients requiring rehabilitation include cerebral palsy patients and stroke patients. They often make uncontrolled movements and it is therefore harder for them to use all the equipment necessary to help these patients recover. This leaves a significant gap in their progress.

The technologies being developed

by Choi and his team make the process of rehabilitation increasingly accessible and enjoyable.

Virtual reality in games has become very accessible to the nonmedical market over the past few years. Microsoft developed Kinect, the virtual movement apparatus for their Xbox console and other gaming companies have also followed this path. Medical research in this area is catching up to their use of the technology in the same fashion but as a therapeutic agent.

The research is ongoing and longer term studies are on the table for the near future. The hope is to include other technologies and see long term results.

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SCIENCE

13

The Higgs boson may still be missing, research suggests The search may continue for the ‘god particle’ Tyler Pitre

Science Editor The discovery of the “god particle” may still be out of our reach, says an international research team.

The European Organisation of nuclear research, CERN, completed a set of calculations concerning the particle found last year which yielded a strong indication that it was, in fact, the sought-over Higgs boson particle. The Higgs boson is important to our knowledge about how matter can exist and it also helps complete the physics theory known as the Standard Model. There is still a good chance that it’s the famous “god particle,” but researchers are now saying that it may just as likely be something else.

The proposal was published in the journal Physical Review D, where the articles’ authors expressed their concern that, although the data may point to the Higgs boson in certain respects, it points equally to other theories as well. One of the members in the team is Mads Toudal, a professor at the Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics

Higgs boson, the particle sought after by physicists, may still need to be found. (Quitabik/Wikimedia.org) Phenomenology at the University of Southern Denmark.

“The CERN data is generally taken as evidence that the particle is the Higgs particle. It is true that the Higgs particle can explain the data but there can be other explanations — we would also get this data from other particles,” said Toudal.

The study did not debunk the idea that the discovery was not the Higgs boson but simply pointed out the fact that the Standard Model was not the only contender, and there are many

other theories that may want to lay claim to this find as evidence for their theories. They argue that the data are simply not indicative enough to rule out other theories. It seems that perhaps the excitement may have allowed scientists to overlook this.

This is highlighted when we look at how Discovery Magazine reported on the subject with the headline, “It was definitely the Higgs boson,” in their online issue June 25, 2014.

This means that the celebrations may have to wait, and the standard model

might not be as complete as once thought just a few months ago.

The standard model is a model in physics that deals with the fundamental forces of nature and uses particles to explain these forces. It has been very successful, having had many predictions satisfied, such as the finding of the Tau Neutrino in 2000.

Clearly, if it turns out that this is not the Higgs boson, many scientists will be disappointed and will have to go back to the drawing board to figure out how they can better confirm these

results. The international research group has proposed that it may be something called a techni-higgs particle, which is not a fundamental particle but may help us explain what dark matter is.

It seems that standard model hopefuls may be left with more work to do on the Higgs boson discovery and still have to contend with their “theory of everything” as “the theory of almost everything.”

Historic comet landing mission a close success Philae successfully lands on a comet’s surface Clay Steell

Science Reporter Spaceflight history was made on November 12, when the European Space Agency’s Philae spacecraft became the first manmade object ever to land on a comet.

The event was the most recent chapter in the ESA’s Rosetta Mission, which included the first satellite to successfully reach and orbit a comet on August 6. Since that time, the orbiting Rosetta satellite, which carried Philae from Earth, has sent back spectacular images of this comet, known as 67P/C-G. After a series of malfunctions, Philae was almost destroyed upon landing, and 57 hours later on November 14, it ran out of power. In that time, it conducted five of its top priority experiments on the comet’s surface, which the mission’s scientists hope will answer outstanding questions about comets, which may be the source of Earth’s water and life’s building blocks.

Philae had piggybacked on the Rosetta satellite since leaving Earth, but detached and began its descent to 67P/C-G on November 12 at 3:34 a.m. EST. Touchdown was confirmed at the Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany at 11:03 a.m., but was followed by a malfunction warning. Philae was meant to fire two

harpoons into the comet’s surface to prevent it from drifting away due to 67P/C-G’s extremely weak gravity, but for an as yet undetermined reason has failed to do so. The lander rebounded off the comet’s surface for a nail-biting ten hours and landed another two times, about one kilometer away from its intended landing site, settling by 5:32 p.m.

The landing was performed completely autonomously, as it takes commands from mission control 28 minutes to reach the comet, which is presently situated between Mars and Jupiter.

Philae appears to have landed next to a jagged cliff, and is in a precarious position with one of its three legs possibly off the ground. Rosetta has been imaging the comet from orbit in attempt to find the lander, but mission control has yet to locate where it is on the comet.

Philae completed its landing and preliminary communication on battery power, and was meant to switch to solar power for its next stage of experimentation. Its final landing site appears to be preventing full exposure to the sun, however, which forced ESA operators to conduct their experiments before Philae’s battery ran out.

Philae ran out of power and lost communication with mission control on November 14 at 7:36 p.m., 57 hours after landing. Before doing so, it successfully ran five of its experiments and sent their data back to Earth, which are currently under analysis.

As the comet nears the sun until August 2015, Philae may receive enough solar energy to be revived.

Until then it will be in hibernation, and will hopefully remain attached to

Artist’s interpereration of Philae bound for comet 67P/C-G (not to scale). (ESA) 67P/C-G’s surface.

Comets are amalgams of ice, frozen gases, rocks, and dust that remain virtually unchanged from the formation of the solar system 4.5 billion years ago, and so this study may offer a glimpse into its birth.

The origins of Earth’s water are also uncertain, but icy comets may have brought some or all of it to our planet.

In 2006, NASA’s Stardust mission found the amino acid Glycine, a common building block of cells,

in a comet’s tail, suggesting that comets may be the source of complex molecules that kick-started life on this planet.

Just hours before losing power, Philae successfully drilled 25 centimeters into 67P/C-G’s surface, successfully extracting and analyzing its internal composition. Data are being analyzed and ESA scientists hope these findings will help explain how and why the sun, planets, and other heavenly bodies formed, and

whether comets truly may be lifeon-Earth’s progenitor. Currently, the results have yielded unidentified organic molecules which may help us answer these questions.

HUMOUR

November 20, 2014

Last issue’s solution

“goodbye”; 67- Name of 12 popes; 68- Freelancer’s encl.; 69- Shops want to achieve high ones!; 70- Back talk; 71- Humble homes;

19- Narrow groove; 20- Weightlifting bar; 22- Enduring; 24- Bohemian; 26- Service charge; 27- Missouri feeder; 30- Recondite; 35- Embankment; 36- Queue after Q; 37- Second start?; 38- Despot Amin; 39- Incentives; 42- Recipe abbr.;

43- Richard of “A Summer Place”; 45- Highway; 46- Berlin’s “Blue ___”; 48- Spanish Miss; 50- Indicate; 51- Floor covering where the cat sat!; 52- Tierney of “ER”; 54- Dwells; 58- Keep from occurring; 62- Teheran native; 63- Give the eye; 65- Got it; 66- Old French expression meaning

of a conversation with Leah Garnett, as part of t h e “ O u r To w n ” s e r i e s .

The series aims to give audiences an opportunity to hear from artists living and working in the c o m m u n i t y.

David Rogosin, Jazz trio: S a t u r d a y, N o v e m b e r 2 2 : 8-10 PM Conser vatory of Music Brunton Auditorium: Facult y Recital: Rogosin J a z z Tr i o . D a v i d R o g o s i n , piano, Jeff Richard, bass, a n d S c o t t C u z n e r, d r u m s , with special guests.

Tickets $10/$5, available at the door or at the M u s i c d e p t . o f fi c e. Fo r more information please call 364-2374 or e-mail music@mta.ca

h Martin. Admission is free, all are welcome t o a t t e n d . Fo r m o re information call 364-2374 M M PA P r o g r a m U n i v e r s i t y o f To r o n t o : M o n d a y, N o v e m b e r 2 4 : 11AM – 1PM WMSC Room 125: The Masters of Management & Professional Accounting ( M M PA ) i s d e s i g n e d to be the most timec o n c e n t r a t e d , M a s t e r ’s level gateway to professional accounting and financial markets employment, particularly for students graduating from non-business programs. Please join representatives from the U n i v e r s i t y o f To r o n t o to learn more about this unique program. All students from all fields and years of study are welcome to drop in and learn more.

Choral Society and Elliott Chorale: S u n d a y, N o v e m b e r 2 3 : 3-5 PM Chapel Sanctuary: Mount Allison Choral Society and Elliott Chorale, directed by Gayle

O u r To w n : A r t i s t Ta l k w i t h Ta r a We l l s : M o n d a y, N o v e m b e r 2 4 : 7:30 – 9PM O we n s A r t G a l l e r y Fo ye r : Join us at the Owens Art G a l l e r y f o r a n A r t i s t Ta l k b y Ta r a We l l s , i n t h e f o r m

(CUP) — Puzzles provided by BestCrosswords.com. Used with permission.

Across 1- Reindeer herder; 5- Pelt; 9- Packs tightly; 14- Chemical used on trees; 15- Chianti, e.g.; 16- Like Cheerios; 17- Picasso contemporary; 18- Actress Sommer;

argosy@mta.ca

Down 1- Gyro meat; 2- Inter ___; 3- Henry VIII’s sixth; 4- Official proof of a will; 5- Slender; 6- Murders; 7- Pen filler; 8- Christmas; 9- Coddle; 10- Heavy napped woolen fabric; 11- Longfellow’s bell town; 12- Chow ___; 13- Glitch; 21- Some Art Deco works; 23- In conflict with, with “of ”;

25- Polite agreement; 27- Layers; 28- Flat shelf; 29- Birdlike; 31- Collar fastener; 32- Rate; 33- Atlas feature; 34- Thicket; 36- Public disturbance; 40- Hackneyed; 41- Grenoble’s river; 44- Candidate; 47- Dishonest; 49- Half the diameter; 50- Coercion; 53- Great grade; 54- Narrow inlets; 55- Mother of the Valkyries; 56- Travel on water; 57- Soaks (up); 59- Biblical twin; 60- Treehouse used by birds; 61- Driving aids; 64- Actress Scala.

Ships Log Mount A Jazz Ensemble: F r i d a y, N o v e m b e r 2 1 : 8-10 PM Conser vatory of Music Brunton Auditorium: Mount Allison Jazz Ensemble, directed by L i n d a Pe a r s e . Ad m i s s i o n is free, all are welcome t o a t t e n d . Fo r m o re information please call 364-2374 or email music@ mta.ca.

IEW: Good Intentions, Unintended Results: We d n e s d a y, N o v e m b e r 1 9 : 12:30-1:20 PM Avard Dixon Room 112: International Education We e k ( I E W ) - W i l l i a m Oppenheim (Ph.D) is a former Rhodes Scholar who went on to be one of the founding members of Omprakash, an organization that connects volunteers with grassroots internship positions a r o u n d t h e w o r l d . M r.

Oppenheim will be presenting a lecture entitled “Good Intentions, Unintended Consequences, a n d t h e Po w e r o f Pr a x i s : Pro b l e m s a n d Po s s i b i l i t i e s o f Vo l u n t e e r i n g A b r o a d . ” M r. O p p e n h e i m’s l e c t u r e aims to examine more closely the tension between the desire to bring about grass-roots level change and the full impact that such activity

can have. This lecture is open to all who would like to attend.

Saturday November 22: Wo m e n ’ s Vo l l e y b a l l Holland College vs.

Mount Allison McCormack Gymnasium Sunday November 23: Swimming AUS Invitational Meet at Dalhousie Sunday November 23 1:00 PM Wo m e n ’ s B a s k e t b a l l Mount Saint Vincent vs.

Mount Allison McCormack Gymnasium Sunday November 23 3:00 PM M e n’s B a s k e t b a l l Mount Saint Vincent vs.

Mount Allison We d n e s d a y N o v e m b e r 2 6 6:00 PM Wo m e n ’ s B a s k e t b a l l Crandall vs. Mount Allison We d n e s d a y N o v e m b e r 2 6 8:00 PM M e n’s B a s k e t b a l l Crandall vs. Mount Allison

Stephen Lewis to give annual Canadian Studies lecture in Charlottetown P EI Fr iday 21 No vember 2014. Bus will leave campus 9:00 a.m. and return at 5:00 p.m. This is free trip and open to all interested students a n d f a c u l t y. H o w e v e r , spaces are limited so those who sign up are kindly requested to commit to coming. Sign up at Canadian Studies office, second floor Hart H a l l . Fo r m o re i n f o, s e e h t t p : / / w w w. m t a . c a / canadianstudies/centre/ Internationally acclaimed Canadian writer Kim Thuy will read at Mount A l l i s o n Tu e s d a y 2 5 November 2014, Owens G a l l e r y, 4 : 3 0 – 5 : 3 0 p . m .

Thuy and her family fled Communist Vietnam and arrived in Canada as refugee “boat people,” a story told in her novel Ru, winner of the 2010 G o v e r n o r G e n e r a l ’s Award. This event is free and open to all interested.

The Argosy

www.argosy.ca

HUMOUR

Phones are our friends Why students need cellphones in class Dakota Pauley We’ve all been there before: Thursday afternoon class, a professor is talking about how if you analyze that passage from just one more perspective it will suddenly change how you see the world… and while you keep telling yourself, It’s only five more minutes– you can do this, you realize that it’s not five minutes, but thirty-five.

(How?!? I could have sworn the clock said 3:45 but it’s only TEN AFT–) Let’s face it: while we all have the best intentions, sometimes you just can’t fight off the ringing in your head, calling you to grab your

phone and tweet to the world about how irritating Shakespeare is. Not to mention how important it is to see how many likes you’ve gotten on that selfie, because clearly it’s your best one yet. And after all, how important can ancient history be compared to how funny that 9gag post is!? (Seriously– it’s a kitten playing piano! I mean seriously!) Before you know it, class will be over.

The only question you will find yourself asking is why you ever bothered looking up in that lecture at all! Besides, the only ‘looking up’ you’re going to need to do is on Google later (essay research = done!). What use, then, could a professor’s experience even be worth compared to the vast amount of people contributing to the web? I mean, they went to school for only like, what, 10 more years than us anyway, so they can’t be that qualified.

This Wikipedia editor by the name of ‘Hugh Jass’ seems qualified enough to

15

Changing perspectives

give me my information.

And so what if cell phones are distracting to those around you? There could be a very good explanation for why you’ve been staring passionately at your crotch for the past ten minutes… but I’m not going to touch that one.

And if some people have the nerve to speak out because I’m distracting people’s learning experience then shame on them! I mean, they’re only paying what, $750 a class? The slight smirk you have on your face is PRICELESS, and nothing could ever match its worth, regardless of how good their education might be.

So really, what’s the big deal?

Engaging in the classroom sounds exhausting, and all this knowledge you’re taking in is so tiresome. And okay, you felt pretty bad after bombing that quiz and MAYBE it would have gone better if you had tuned in a little more… but hey, it’s not like you’re defining your future here, right?

Taylor Losier Humour Editor

COLOUR

Taylor Losier Humour Editor

Puzzle by WebSudoku.com

Patrick Allaby

Argosy Fall Funders’ Meeting Are you a student? Then you’re an Argosy funder!

All students are welcome and encouraged to attend.

4:00 p.m. Wednesday, November 26 in the Argosy office – Student Centre, rm 386 Agenda: Financial Update Editor-in-Chief ’s Report

Notice Of General Meeting A Special General Meeting of Attic Broadcasting Co. Ltd. Will be held on

Monday, Nov. 24 at 8 p.m.

In Room 106 of the Dunn Building, at the corner of York and Salem All members are invited to attend.

All programmers & staff are required to attend.

The proposed agenda is as follows.

1) Registration

2) Call To Order

3) Introduction of Board, Executive Staff & Station Manager

4) Procedures Governing Special General Meetings

5) Additions to Agenda

6) Approval of Agenda

7) Presentation of By-Laws for Approval

8) Financial Report - Presentation of 2012/2013 Financial Statements

9) Other Business

10) Adjournment