20 19 OHIO THE STATE OF A story through statistics: How Ohio measures up
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Executive Summary An improving economy alone cannot fix Ohio’s most pressing needs. Despite improvements in job growth in 2018, Ohio continues to struggle with high rates of hunger, infant mortality, and poverty. Without new investments and strategies to address these issues, Ohio will fall further behind the rest of the nation.
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
National Ranking
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT INEQUALITY National Ranking
National Ranking
National Ranking
Infant mortality
42 nd
High school graduation
24 th
Poverty
34 th
Youth incarceration
Hunger
40 th
College tuition
29 th
Median income
38 th
Wages based on gender 37 th
Home foreclosure
43 rd
Pre-k enrollment
27 th
Unemployment
44 th
Child poverty by race
Overdose deaths
49 th
Job growth
16 th
Health insurance
16 th
Public Transit
28 th
Ohio is below the national average
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18/27*
Ohio is at or above the national average
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Introduction
How is Ohio Doing? NEW GOVERNOR SHOULD LOOK TOWARD INVESTMENTS FOR OUR FUTURE.
Ohio families care about the quality of their neighborhood school, the safety of their community, and the health of their kids. These great public services need our investments.
The Ohio economy continues to recover from the great recession; however we also continue to struggle on many other fronts. From infant mortality to college affordability, Ohio needs to invest so our communities are built up for future success. While 2018 job growth was much stronger than recent years, it alone will not fix Ohio's biggest issues. Without investments now, Ohio will not be able to compete against our neighbors in other states on the metrics that matter most.
THIS YEAR MARKS OUR FOURTH STATE OF OHIO REPORT.
THIS SHOULD NOT BE OUR NEW NORMAL – WE CAN DO BETTER
With a new governor, we believe it is important to take an honest look at where we are as a state so that the new administration can spend the next four years trying to move us forward as a state. We continue using the same metrics – with minor modifications – as last year. The 2019 report includes a new metric on public transit to highlight the important role it plays in our economy and quality of life for Ohioans. Our inequality section rotates each year between different metrics to highlight how many of Ohio's issues are even bigger concerns for minority populations.
Many of Ohio's Heath and Home metrics are moving in the right direction. Hunger and foreclosure rates, for example, are improving. However, these remain high compared to pre-recessionary levels and compared to other states. Doing more of the same will not be enough to lower infant mortality, raise wages, and reduce foreclosures. A growing Ohio economy, means that our state has the resources to invest to solve these problems. While Ohio returns to pre-recessionary levels, we should not grow complacent and accept large portions of our population struggling to make ends meet. 10 YEARS OF TAX CUTS DID NOT SOLVE OHIO’S PROBLEMS. Beginning in 2005, Ohio cut taxes to spur job growth. Tax cuts continued for 10 years, until revenue had been reduced by $6 billion — revenue that could be invested into the health and safety of our communities and good schools for our kids. Ohio has been unable to keep college affordable, expand affordable housing, or provide meaningful support for families struggling with addiction. Adjusted for inflation, Ohio has reduced our investment into higher education by $1 billion snce 2000.
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The Governor’s State of the State provides a perfect opportunity for Ohioans to step back and take an honest look at how we are doing as a state. The data presented in this report highlights the common struggles and opportunities for Ohioans in four sections —HEALTH AND HOME, EDUCATION, ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT, and INEQUALITY.
AS YOU READ THIS REPORT, REMEMBER, There are many serious issues in Ohio that we believe can be solved. Ohio can improve education, public health, and our economy by investing to solve these problems. Ohio needs to invest to build the type of community we all desire. Ohio can gain the needed revenue by closing unnecessary tax loopholes, modernizing our tax code, and raising income tax and business tax rates on those with the greatest ability to pay.
NOW IS THE TIME TO CHANGE COURSE AND ENSURE THAT THE STATE OF OHIO IS STRONG WELL INTO THE FUTURE, FOR EVERYONE. OneOhioNow
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HEALTH & HOME As we look at Ohio’s infant mortality, hunger and other issues, it is clear that too many Ohioans do not have their basic needs met. Most families are more concerned about paying bills and putting food on the table than any obscure economic talking point. This section's metrics highlight the very real concerns that Ohioans face. Through smart and targeted public investments, we can help strengthen hard-working families and build a stronger Ohio.
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Infant mortality Infant mortality is the death of children under one year.
LOOKING BACK
42nd
Ohio continues to trail other states on the issue of infant mortality, and it is a perennial conversation at the Ohio Statehouse. In 2017, the Ohio Department of Health reports that,
National ranking
for only the second time since the state began keeping records in the 1930s, Ohio had
41st Last year
fewer than 1,000 children die before they turned one2. While this is good news, we still fall behind the rest of the nation largely due to racial disparity: African American babies in Ohio are three times more likely to die before their first birthday. The infant mortality rate for African Americans in Ohio has steadily climbed 12% since 2012 from a rate of 13.9 to 15.6. Premature birth continues to be a main cause of infant mortality in Ohio. According to the March of Dimes, prematurity is often associated with poverty, working long hours, exposure to pollution, a lack of access to nutrition and medical care, and stress3.
LOOKING FORWARD The Ohio Department of Health reports that it began a new initiative - the Neighborhood Navigator program - in October 2018 to connect pregnant women in the states’ most high risk communities in to health and wellness services. Ohio's current state budget allocates nearly $50 million to the program, but we know that is only a fraction of what’s actually
Infant mortality in ohio was already bad, but the data show its getting worse – especially for african-american babies. Our overall rate is 25% higher than the national average.
needed.4 To support the health of soon-to-be-mothers, Ohio must invest also in affordable housing, more favorable family leave supports, and expanding affordable nutrition options to more communities.These additional investments would strengthen the health of mothers, reduce pre-mature births and improve the health of newborns.
infant mortality rate1
8% 6%
7.4
7.2
6.9
5.9
5.8
5.9
Governor DeWine's announced investments into home visitations are likely to be an
Ohio
7.2 5.8
important factor in reducing our infant mortality rate.5 These services will be most effective
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when other programs are properly funded to provide the full range of support needed.
4% 2% 0% 2014
2015
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Hunger Food insecurity (hunger) exists when a person is without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of nutritious food.
LOOKING BACK
40th
During the aftermath of the recession, rates of hunger peaked at 16.9% in Ohio and 14.6% nationally. Since then, hunger decreased to 13.7% in Ohio and 12.3% nationally. In 2018, it
National ranking
was reported that 13% of senior citizens in Ohio experience hunger7. With the improving
40th Last year
economy, many people may not see the urgency in supporting anti-hunger initiatives, but hunger and a lack of nutrition remain critical issues in Ohio. While hunger is a symptom of other social issues, such as poverty and access to nutritious food, it is also the cause of other social issues and costs. Hunger can lead to increased healthcare costs, a difficulty to learn, decreased productivity at work, and much more8. As Ohio looks to solve hunger, we cannot only address hunger as a symptom of poverty, but also as a contributing factor to a variety of other social concerns.
LOOKING FORWARD Ohio's hunger rate continued to drop in 2017 largely due to the national economy improving. However, natural economic growth will not be enough solve hunger in Ohio because hunger is a barrier to growth and success. To improve public health, education,
Despite slight improvements in 2017, hunger remains an all too common reality in Ohio. 13.7% of Ohioans struggle with food insecurity—that is 1.7 Million of our neighbors.
and our economy, everyone must have access to nutritious food. Ohio needs to invest in an economy that works for all, including low-wage workers, and guarantee that there is access to nutritious food in low-income and rural communities. Investments in SNAP benefits at the federal levels, state investments into emergency food assistance, and food banks are essential tools to help families make ends meet during difficult times. Hunger in Ohio
18%
food insecurity %6
16%
has resulted in an estimated $6 billion healthcare bill— a stark comparison to the less than
Ohio
16.9
$835 million needed to end hunger in Ohio9. To strengthen the impact of Ohio's food bank
US
16.1
networks, the state legislature should invest tens of millions of dollars more to meet current
14.8
14.6 13.7
14%
13
demand and remove barriers to SNAP benefits. This would allow federal dollars to flow back
13.7
into our communities providing economic stimulus in addition to nutritious food.
12.3
12% 10% 2014
2015
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Home foreclosure The number of mortgaged homes where homeowners are unable to make their payments.
LOOKING BACK
43rd
Neighborhoods hit hardest by the 2008 recession will likely never be the same again. Many homes were vacated and then fell victim to disrepair. Foreclosure rates remain high in Ohio,
National ranking
and these high rates hurt entire neighborhoods. In communities that avoided the recessions
39 th Last year
hardest hits, home prices and rental prices are out of reach for many Ohioans. For Ohioans to afford a two bedroom market rate rental, they must earn $15.15 an hour and work 40 hours11. In 2018, homelessness in Ohio went up by 1.5% according to the Department of Housing and Urban Development12. The Ohio Housing Finance Agency reports that Ohio has seen a steady increase in homeless rates since 2012, with nearly 30% of those accessing homeless services being minors— including nearly 3,000 infants under the age of one. This is a 53% increase since 2012.
LOOKING FORWARD If homes are moving quickly off the market, and prices are rising on homes and apartments, why do we still have such a high rate of foreclosures in Ohio? The reality is that the market
Ohio’s high foreclosure rate continues to slow our economy and hurt Ohio communities and families. 1 In every 1,792 homes in Ohio is in foreclosure. Homeownership and housing stability are cornerstones of the american dream.
recoveries are selective. Many neighborhoods in Ohio are not recovering in the same way as others. A foreclosure doesn't just mean one house on one block becoming run-down and dilapidated. Rather, it means entire communities without the ability to invest are being left behind.
2536
2500
2043 2000
Number of Homes10
1500 1000
1700 1408
The solution is more investment by the state to lift up communities struggling to get by. Ohio
Ohio
1792
needs to invest more dollars into homelessness prevention, rapid rehousing, and affordable
US
1721
1 in every 1,792 homes in Ohio is currently in foreclosure
1292
1017
housing programs through the Ohio Housing Trust Fund. These programs are effective and efficient. Some studies found that every $1 invested into a homeless family can end up with an economic return of $1.7813.
500 0 2015
2016
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Overdose deaths The number of residents per 100,000 that die each year from drug overdose.
LOOKING BACK
49th
Overdose deaths in the United States and Ohio have skyrocketed in recent years as a result of the opioid epidemic. In 2017, Ohio had over 5,100 individuals die as a result of overdose
National ranking
- an 18% increase. In 2017, Ohio's two-year budget invested over $170 million to provide
49 th Last year
housing, treatment, and other efforts to curb the epidemic. Preliminary data for 2018 has shown notable improvements for this investment with a 34% decline in the first six months of 2018 compared to 201715. However, the first 6 months of 2018 still had 45% more overdose fatalities than all of 2005 (1812 in first 6 months of 2018 compared to 1243 in 2005). In 1999, Ohio had fewer than 500 overdose deaths16.
LOOKING FORWARD For too long, addiction was treated as a criminal justice issue in Ohio and in the country. The opioid epidemic has caused a shift in public thinking in Ohio and nationally, with the epidemic now being seen more appropriately as a public health issue17. To make sure that those in need of healthcare receive it, Ohio must continue our expansion of Medicaid, reform drug laws, and remove barriers to recovery and employment for people who struggle
Ohio ranks 49th out of 50 states for the rate of overdose deaths. Despite harsh numbers in 2017, there is reason for hope that recent investments will show signs of progress.
with addiction. In the 2018-19 budget, there were notable new investments included by the Ohio legislature to help fight the opioid epidemic18. These investments appear to have made an impact,
50
39.1
Overdose death rate for every 100,000 people14
40 30 20
but were they enough? Will Ohioans accept 3,500 overdose deaths a year as normal? Or,
46.3
continued state investments into treatment, education programs about addiction, and
US
29.9 24.6 16.3
14.7
should we seek to return to 1999’s rate of fewer than 500 OD deaths in our state? Through
Ohio
19.7
reforming our drug laws, Ohio can continue the downward trend in the state's overdose
21.7
death rates.
10 0 2014
2015
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Health insurance The percentage of the population in Ohio that has public or private health insurance.
LOOKING BACK
16th
The work of President Obama and Governor Kasich made a difference in Ohio. The expansion of Medicaid in Ohio has granted more than 700,000 Ohioans access to health
National ranking
insurance. Many of these individuals (43%) are working and 27% were diagnosed with a
13th Last year
chronic health issue20. In three years, Ohio's uninsured rate was cut in half as a result of the Affordable Care Act. In 2017, Ohio and the nation saw an uptick in our uninsured population. This is likely a result of the federal government backing away from the Affordable Care Act under President Trump.
LOOKING FORWARD Ohio has made great strides in improving health insurance availability. However, Ohioans risk losing ground. In 2017, Ohio saw 21,000 more children uninsured than in 2016. This is a troubling trend, because Ohio has historically been a top performing state for rates of insured children. While many in metropolitan areas see the growth of Nationwide Children's Hospital or the Cleveland Clinic as signs of accessible healthcare, Ohio's rural counties are often left out. Even individuals with insurance in rural Ohio struggle to access care, leading to poor health outcomes. Morrow, Vinton, Harrison, and Morgan counties have over 10,000
The expansion of medicaid continues to benefit Ohio. The number of uninsured Ohioans has been cut in half since 2014 down to 6%. However, recent federal and state policy decisions may weaken Ohio's success.
12%
11
Health insurance is step 1, as Ohio needs to continue to improve the quality of and access to care - including dental, mental health, and maternity care.
US
9.4 6.5
8.7
8.6
9% public or private health insurance %19
available for comparison, many urban neighborhoods also lack access to health care.
Ohio
11.7
6%
residents for every one primary care provider21. While neighborhood data is not readily
5.6
6
3% 0 2014
2015
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EDUCATION Ohio's education system will only succeed with investments to guarantee an equitable and adequate education for every child from preschool through higher education. These investments will allow Ohio to equip our students with the tools they need to succeed; especially students struggling with poverty.
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High school graduation The main metric used to track student achievement at public, 4-year high schools.
LOOKING BACK
24th
Ohio’s graduation rate continues to remain in the middle of the pack, with a slight increase of .8%, compared to a national increase of .5%, which has moved Ohio into the top half of
National ranking
states again. However, poverty continues to be a main drag on our K-12 education system.
29 th Last year
Students with barriers such as disability poverty are less likely to graduate23. State level data from July 2018 shows that next year will likely see another increase (approximately 1.2%) in Ohio's graduation rate statewide24. This is a positive sign, but many inequalities persist due to the socio-economic levels of the school district, disability services available, and much more that can be addressed through strategic state level investments.
LOOKING FORWARD The state goal should be to offer educational opportunities across Ohio that will equip all youth the opportunity to pursue higher education, employment, or other pathways toward self-sufficiency. Bachelor degrees are not for everyone, but some type of higher education is needed for most jobs today. Racial and economic inequality continue to slow our educational success as a state. As Ohio continues to shape graduation requirements, we
Ohio’s graduation rate of 84.2% Increased slightly from previous year, but highlights a trend of 'middle of the pack'. Education is key to our future.
must maintain a high standard of success, and also provide the resources needed to help students achieve these standards. Students should have access to a diverse set of course offerings - the arts, athletics, government, and science - to guarantee that they can explore and prepare for life after high school. Research shows that investments into the arts reduce
high school graduation rate %22
dropout rates25. Hundreds of millions of dollars are likely needed to create the needed Ohio 90%
87.5 81.4
81.8 82.3
83.2 80.7
83.5 84.1
2013–14
2014–15
2015–16
84.2 84.6
2016–17
US
equity in our schools so that all students, regardless of zip code, can have a shot at the highest quality of education we can provide.
80%
70%
60%
2012–13
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College tuition The average cost of a full-time education at Ohio’s public colleges and universities.
LOOKING BACK
29th
Public colleges and universities are financed primarily by 1) state investment into systems of higher education and 2) tuition paid by students and their families. The rise in tuition is
National ranking
largely attributed to the states failure to invest in higher education. Since 2000, Ohio has cut
32nd Last year
state investment by more than 33% per student27. If Ohio had maintained pre-2000 funding levels we would be investing more than an additional $1 billion into higher education. From FY 17 to FY 18, the state share of instruction (SSI) only increased by 0.11%28. This is far below what is needed to maintain per student funding levels, let alone return to pre-recession funding levels. While some celebrate a lack of major cuts, we cannot accept a failure to invest in Ohio’s students as the new normal.
LOOKING FORWARD The Ohio Department of Higher Education established a goal for 65% of working-age people to have a degree or certificate by 202529. Continuing to pile onto existing student loan debt is not a realistic solution; the current national student loan debt is over $1.3 trillion. It is estimated that over 40% of borrowers are likely to be behind on their payments by 202330. This will lead to young adults that will have to forgo investing into businesses,
Students in Ohio pay, on average, about 25% more than the national average for college. Our average annual tuition is $7,958 compared to $6,5272.
buying homes or cars, or starting families. Instead of the continued over-reliance on student loans, Ohio should invest to strengthen our community colleges and public four-year schools. Community college students sometimes transfer to a four-year school or they may complete certifications and associate degree programs to prepare for the workforce. Expansion of the Ohio College Opportunity Grant (OCOG) will help many working
college tuition for FTE26
$8K
7961
7951
7815
7K
6K
5863
6029
6207
Ohio
7958
7950
6321
US
individuals be able to return to school and complete a certificate or degree program to move up in their field. Ohio should also identify ways to restore higher education investment to pre-recession levels. This will require at a $1 billion investment.
6572
5K 2013
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Pre-k enrollment 3 & 4 year olds enrolled in a class providing educational experiences for children before Kindergarten.
LOOKING BACK
27th
Ohio currently invests only $73 million32 into early childhood education, despite the growing consensus on the importance of an early start for students. Ohio is tied with Missouri at 27th
National ranking
and sits behind Michigan and Pennsylvania but ahead of Indiana and Kentucky.. This
25 th Last year
investments is also far below our neighboring states. Expanding preschool not only benefits families, but results in an economic return of 6 to 1 in the long run33. Preschool doesn’t just benefit the students who attend in later grades, but their class overall. When all students walk into Kindergarten and First Grade ready to learn, the entire class can learn together. Ohio's preschool ranking continues to remain in the middle of the pack, falling a few spots compared to our neighbors this year, because other states have been making the needed investments into their future and expanding pre-k and early learning programs.
LOOKING FORWARD Ohio needs a large-scale investment to prioritize early childhood education. Governor DeWine proposes an expansion of 20,000 students into Ohio's publicly funded pre-k programs by raising the income threshold from 130% to 150% of poverty in addition to
From 2015–17, 45% of Ohio's children attended preschool. Ohio will not move from the middle of the pack without a major new initiative to improve access to early childhood education in Ohio.
improving the quality of educational services offered34. To accomplish this, Ohio should not look at one time funding to support this much needed expansion, but stable long-term revenue. A successful preschool program in Ohio will take steady growth and predictable expansion. These investments will not only help kids learn, but help connect families to additional services when needed, address child hunger and other issues.
3 & 4 year olds in school %31
Ohio 50%
48 45
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45
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48
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45
40%
30% 2010 –12
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ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT Ohio continues to trail the nation with lackluster economic growth. We could easily create meaningful opportunities and boost the economy in Ohio by investing in projects to repair our sewers, rebuild our roads, and much more.
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Poverty Poverty is defined as a family of four earning less than $24,600.
LOOKING BACK
34th
Poverty remains a serious issue in Ohio, despite an improving economy. More than 450,000 children (0-18) experienced poverty in 201736. Ohio is just now returning to pre-recession
National ranking
era levels for poverty, and childhood poverty that spiked dramatically during the recession
33th Last year
has been slow to return. However, even pre-recession, poverty was a barrier toward success and stability. Ohio's poverty rate now remains higher than it was in 1999 and through the recession of the early 2000's. In the economic boom years of the 2000s, Ohio's poverty rate slowly crept upward and spiked during the recession - peaking at 16.4% in 2011. While the downward slope is encouraging for our economic health, we must look past returning to the rate of 13% we saw just prior the recession. We must look toward the next benchmark - returning to the rates of the late 90s and early 2000s37.
LOOKING FORWARD Natural economic growth will continue to inch Ohio forward slowly— until the next recession hits and our poverty rate spikes again. If the spike occurs when our poverty rate is at 13%, we will see a 16-18% poverty rate again in Ohio. It is hard for communities to experience economic recovery when so many neighbors are not able to make ends meet.
1 in 8 Ohio households (13.2%) live in poverty. Twice that amount (28%) of Ohio families are at 200% of poverty or below (about $41,000 for a family of 3) – a level of income that makes it very hard to get by. Ohio 18% 16%
US
16.3
16 15
14.8
15.8
14.8 14.8
poverty %35
should seek to end childhood poverty with investments into families through a robust Earned Income Tax Credit expansion, workforce training, family-oriented workplace protections, and much more. Poverty can be alleviated with an economy that works for everyone. Additionally, 28% of Ohio families are living below 200% of the FPL (a measure of self-sufficiency). Ohio ranks 31st in the nation for families in poverty and near poverty38. These families will fall below the poverty line once the economy shakes just a little. These are individuals who are working, but still don't earn enough each day to pay their bills.
14.6 13.5
14%
Instead of hoping for natural economic growth to continue indefinitely, Governor DeWine
12.7
13.2
Ohio lawmakers should prioritize these hardworking families, unable to make ends meet. 12.5
12% 10% 2012
2013
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Median household income Median household income is the halfway point of income. Half of households earn more, half earn less.
LOOKING BACK
38th
There are multiple ways to look at wage growth. Average wage growth appears higher than median wage growth because the wealthiest individuals in Ohio, and around the
National ranking
country, continue to reap much of the benefit of economic growth and tax cuts. Ohio, like
34 th Last year
the country, has seen income gains go to the wealthiest individuals. The top 10% of earners are earning $6.91 more per hour than they earned in 1979, while the bottom 90% of workers are earning less40. The bottom 90% of earners are often working in jobs that aren't as profitable as others. Median household income is not rising faster because the most common jobs— food service, health aides, retail sales, and more— do not pay wages that lift people into the middle class41. Over the past three years, Ohio's wage growth trailed the national growth (8.49% to 5.49%)42. Ohioans should be concerned that our wage growth remains slower than the nation’s, because during the next recession Ohioans will be hit hard again.
LOOKING FORWARD To grow household incomes in the state, Ohio will need more than just economic growth.
Ohio continues to trail the nation in household income ($54,021 to $60,336). While Ohio’s wages increased in 2016 and 2017, we need to prioritize supporting low and middle income working families.
Instead, Ohio needs economic growth to be broadly shared. Investments into education, infrastructure, and healthcare can create good paying jobs and be the foundation of a strong economy. Ohio needs to invest in the foundations of a diverse economy where prosperity can be widely shared by many hard working families. Investments into education
median household income $39
will strengthen the earning power of employees as well as reduce the constraints and limits
$60K $55K $50K
60,336
59,039
US
56,516 53,657 53,302 51,939 51,017 50,748 49,644
53,985
Ohio
54,021
of student loan debt. Investments into education, infrastructure, and healthcare also employ many Ohio families with a living wage and sustainable jobs that benefit the community.
46,398
$45K $40K 2012
2013
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Unemployment Unemployment is calculated by a ratio of people not employed who are in the labor force.
LOOKING BACK
44th
Through 2015, Ohio’s unemployment rate ran below the national average. Since then the national economy has picked up steam, and Ohio's unemployment rate has stagnated. In
National ranking
Dec. 2018 the unemployment rate was about the same as in Dec. 2017 (a 0.1% difference
42nd Last year
based on the preliminary data). The unemployment number doesn't tell the entire picture. Economists are concerned, based on historical trends, that the national low unemployment rate and job growth numbers are not translating into higher wages for workers. This likely means that in Ohio and nationally, employees are in temporary employment patterns, are nervous about job security, and that there remains a surplus of workers not counted in the official workforce numbers that are slowly emerging to fill vacancies44. Ohio's workforce participation rate is 34th in the nation at a rate of 62.4 - barely above the historic low of 62.1% and well below its high in 2006 at 67.4%45.
LOOKING FORWARD Unemployment can hit communities hard when a major employer closes. Even as other employers open up their doors, automation allows output to be high with fewer employees. To reduce unemployment and the sting of unemployment, Ohio should act now while the
Ohio’s unemployment rate at the end of 2018 was 4.6%. This is above the national rate of 3.9%. In the past year, Ohio dropped from 42nd to 44th leaving many Ohioans without work.
economy is growing to prepare for economic slumps in the future. Ohio needs to strengthen our unemployment compensation system by guaranteeing families the needed economic support to find new employment, education and training opportunities so that employees are more versatile to move between employers and into specialized fields. Ohio must also strengthen health insurance options, because health insurance often traps employees for Ohio
8% 6% unemployment %43
US
6.8 6.7 5.1
5.6
4.9
5
5
4.7
4%
4.79
4.1
4.69
the long haul. These changes will help Ohioans find meaningful work that will benefit our communities and our families.
3.9
2% 0% 2013
2014
INVESTING IN OHIO’S FUTURE.
2015
2016
2017
2018
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
EDUCATION
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Job growth The rate of new jobs added or subtracted from the economy.
LOOKING BACK
16th
2018 was the best year for job growth in recent memory for Ohioans, but many of those jobs are low wage jobs. The fastest job growth sectors in Ohio provide wages that are
National ranking
below a living wage. Despite strong job growth, especially in the first six months of 2018,
33 er Last year
Ohioans are still struggling. Since January of 2005, the US has seen a net growth of 12% in total non-farm payroll, while Ohio has only seen a 4.4% growth over the same time. While it is better to be moving in a positive direction, it will not be enough to grow a strong Ohio economy. As economists start questioning whether or not the U.S economy is nearing full employment, Ohioans struggling with the low-wage economy see the limits of economic growth as a panacea for all other social issues.
LOOKING FORWARD Ohio needs to develop an economy that can co-exist alongside automation and the new economy. To do so, Ohio needs to invest in the fundamentals – a well-educated workforce, reliable infrastructure, and healthy communities. Not only will these investments improve the quality of life for Ohioans, but will also create jobs in education, public works projects, and healthcare. The new director of the Ohio Department of Transportation estimates that
Ohio has a job growth rate 2.03% from Dec. 2017 to Dec. 2018 compared to a national rate of 1.79%. However, Since the 2005 tax cuts, Ohio jobs growth is only 4.4%47 compared to a 12%48 growth nationally. Ohio 1.15
US
1.1
Ohio needs $1 billion of new revenue to meet the current demand49 for our infrastructure. Businesses need reliable roads and bridges to move products and people. Ohio should also look at the assets of the state— centrally located to millions of US residents, world class educational institutions, and healthcare services that treat presidents and kings. Investments to expand healthcare and education will build an economy that will be strong for Ohio's children. Ohio should not wait on Amazon to choose our state, but instead create a stronger economy built up by Ohioans.
1
Nov-18
Sep-17
April -18
Jul-16
Feb-17
Dec-15
Oct-14
May-15
Mar-14
Aug-13
Jun-12
Jan-13
Apr-11
Nov-11
Sep-10
Jul-09
INVESTING IN OHIO’S FUTURE.
Feb-10
Dec-08
Oct-07
May-08
Mar-07
Aug-06
0.9
Jun-05
0.95 Jan-06
Job growth46
1.05
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Public Transit Access Ratio of population to jobs within a half mile of public transit.
LOOKING BACK
41st
With a population of 11.5 million people, Ohio should have more jobs located near public transit than Utah, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. When looking at job accessibility to the
National ranking
population, Ohio ranks 41st compared to the other states. Even though not everybody uses public transportation, public transit is essential to our economies. Public transit helps move consumers to shops, move people to employers, entertainment, medical care, and education. In Ohio we see the role that the bus rapid transit lines in Cleveland and Columbus play in moving people from under-invested communities to vital health services51. Nationally, there are 7.3 million job openings— an increase of 2.9% from the previous year52 — and investments in public transit, in both rural and suburban areas, will help connect workers with these employment opportunities. Many Ohioans never even consider a job in the next county because transit options are so limited.
LOOKING FORWARD In Ohio, the Department of Transportation estimates that we need to invest $120 million to bring our public transit up to a basic standard53. Additional investments are also needed to connect rural and suburban communities into our urban cores. Previously, transportation
Number of jobs located within 1/2 mile of public transit 50
Public transit can strengthen an ecomony and improve the quality of life for residents by reducing road congestion, improving air quality, and improving options for seniors and the disabled. Ohioans have fewer jobs per capita on transit lines than the national average.
for employment. As Google announces a $600 million54 investment into the Northeast corner of Columbus, expanding transit options from Newark and Columbus to this region only makes sense to connect people to potential jobs.
who would otherwise lose mobility.55 As Ohio evaluates our major infrastructure needs
US (Nat. avg.)
including billions of dollars into clean water, a billion dollars into our roads and bridges,
63,743
major investments into high speed internet, we cannot forget to also invest in public transit.
60K 50K
landscape where employees live in the city and need to access the suburbs and beyond
In addition, public transit investments are essential to people with disabilities and seniors
Ohio 70K
centered around bringing people from the suburbs into Ohio's cities, but Ohio has a shifting
44,748
40K 2018
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
INEQUALITY Characteristics such as race, gender, and age should not determine if we are in poverty or forced to struggle more than others. These metrics are meant only to highlight a few areas of inequality that exist in Ohio. There are many more examples that could be used and other areas of inequality that are not addressed here. We should aim to stamp out inequality in all its forms.
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Youth incarceration The rate at which the state incarcerates youth in their juvenile justice facilities. LOOKING BACK
31st
Ohio's criminal justice system locks up many people for low-level, non-violent offenses. Over 10 years (2006-2016), Ohio increased the number of Ohioans behind bars by 6.1%. In that
National ranking
same time, Michigan saw a 20.2% decline in prison population, and Indiana saw an increase of 2.1%. Pennsylvania over that same time saw an increase of 11%, but has be in decline over the past 7 years, peaking at a prison population of 51,000 in 200957. Currently, Ohio's prisons are overcrowded and underfunded. For example, Ohio's prison system has one staff person to inspect prison conditions and is relying on interns for much of this work58. Ohio's prisons, Ohio's prisons are running over capacity by a third with too many inmates, and this leads to additional stress on staff, prisoners, and fewer resources to invest in actual rehabilitation. Ohio's prison system is also incarcerating a large number of African Americans compared to the population.This trend begins when these individuals are young and in school. African American boys are suspended at a rate 3 times greater than white boys and African American girls are suspended at a rate 6 times greater than white girls59.
Ohio incarcerates youth at a rate 6% greater than the national average. Youth incarceration increases the likelihood of recidivism as an adult. To reduce prison overcrowding, we must identify ways to stop locking up Ohio's kids.
LOOKING FORWARD While Ohio needs to look at sentencing reforms for low-level, non-violent offenders, youth incarceration also leads to an increased likelihood of incarceration as an adult. Research finds that recidivism drops nearly in half (from 60% likely to 34% likely) when youth are provided a diversion opportunity over incarceration. The research goes on to show that
state imprisonment rate56
190K 180K
you are likely to 'age out of deliquency on their own', but incarceration can interrupt that 184/100K
Ohio
natural maturing that often occurs60. To address the inequality in our system that incarcerates
US
youth at a higher rate than the nation, we must invest in diversion programs, children
173/100K
services, mental health and our schools to strengthen a community of support for our
170K
children and youth.
160K 150K 2018
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Wages based on gender The gap between the average male worker compared to the average female worker.
LOOKING BACK
34st
Ohio's wage gap of 22cents per hour is tied with Illinois, Michigan and Washington. The issue is even worse when race is taken into account - black women earn just 63 cents and
National ranking
Latina women earn 54 cents for each dollar earned by a white man. This wage gap leads to women experiencing poverty in Ohio at a rate 33% greater than men (9% vs 12%)62. Due to the high levels of poverty for women in Ohio, 1 in 4 children between 0 and 4 years old will also experience poverty. This is caused by women earning less than men. The wage gap doesn't exist because women choose lower paying jobs than men. In sales, positions, women are paid 70cents per man, in office and administrative support 91 cents. Women with Master's degrees are paid 75 cents on the dollar63.
LOOKING FORWARD The wage gap is equivalent to 14 months of childcare, 8 months of health insurance premiums, 7 mortgage payments, or 2/3 of the cost of a year of college.63 Closing the wage gap in Ohio will strengthen our economy and support Ohio families. Until we close it, Ohio women and their families will struggle more.
The gender wage gap in Ohio is 22cents on the dollar compared to a national average of 20cents on the dollar. To address poverty, we must make sure that the economy works for everyone.
To address the wage gap Ohio should invest and strengthen anti-discrimination and sexual harrassment policies and protections so that women can report exploitation and discrimination in the workforce without fear of perseuction. The state of Ohio also needs to invest in family friendly programs like childcare, parental leave supports and mch more to normalize family as a part of our economy. It will take many years to normalize a family-
a gap of cents for every dollar61
25¢
22
20
20¢
friendly economy, therefore Ohio needs long-term and stable investments into these
Ohio
practices.
US
15¢ 10¢ 5¢ 2018
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Child poverty by race The difference between the poverty rates of white and black children LOOKING BACK
18/27
Ohio needs to break the cycle of generational poverty. Generaltional poverty is the cycle of poverty of a family living in poverty and the children, regardless of talents and effort, are unable to escape poverty. Poverty increases infant mortality rates. Children who grow up
National ranking
in poverty are 3 times less likely to attend any college and only 3% of kids who grew up in persistent poverty are able to complete college65. So many of the metrics in this report will be improved dramatically if we address childhood poverty - and that requires us to address racial disparities. African American children in Ohio have a poverty rate that is 26% higher than white children. The eocomic decisions made after WWII in this country continue to bless some and plague others. Homeownership allowed parents to pass down wealth to their next generation and helped lift millions of low-income white families out of poverty, while African American families were denied jobs and home ownership. In 2015, African Americans had the same homeownership rate as 1968 - and the value of these harms remains far below that of their white neighbors66.
In Ohio African American children experience poverty at a rate 26% higher than their white neighbors. Poverty contributes to long-term health issues, stress, lack of nutritition and even learning disabilities. To solve Ohio's most pressing issues, we must address poverty and racial disparities in the state.
To break the cycle of poverty, and lift children - especially African American children - out of poverty, Ohio needs to commit to these children through strategic public investments. Right now, the quality of a child's school is determined by their zip code. Ohio needs to adopt equitable and adequate school funding to remedy this. Ohio also will need to invest into affordable housing, create opportunities for higher education, and make communities safe with neighborhood policing strategies that uplift the community with trust and
50% African American children in poverty64
LOOKING FORWARD
46
45
45%
Ohio
relationship instead of fear.
US
Ohio has spent $6 billion on tax cuts67 that have done little to stimulate our economy, and
40%
have done nothing for low income or black communities. We encourage Governor DeWine to adopt a bold approach toward ending childhood poverty for all Ohioans.
35% 30% 2018
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Methodology OUR QUICK REVIEW RANKING SYSTEM: THUMBS
THE YEAR OF THE DATA
This report continues the use of our 'thumbs' in the executive summary section. A green
Because of calculation limitations, some annual data is released toward the end of the
thumb up represents Ohio in the top half of states and a down thumb means we are in the
following year. So, while data may say it is from 2017, it is the most current data available. Other
bottom half of states. While many metrics may receive improvements or declines, this report
data sets are averages over a period of time (such as 2013 – 2015). This is often done to avoid
is attempting to compare Ohio's progress toward the nation, because national trends will
statistical anomalies that can occur in a given snapshot.To the best of our ability, we compared
often determine whether or not Ohio's metrics are improving or not, but state decisions will
similar time frames. Three main “years” are used in this data and mentioned throughout - fiscal
impact whether we are making the needed investments and policy decisions in Columbus to
year (e.g. July 1, 2015-June 30, 2016), calendar year (January 1-December 31), and school year
strengthen Ohio compared to the other states.
(August -June).
WHY THESE METRICS
AVOID BIAS THROUGH WEIGHTS
Year after year, reports are released with a wealth of information on a specific topic. This report
Other reports often will rank policy inputs or provide weighted influence to their preferred poli-
does not attempt to replicate these reports expertise on any specific subject, but to gather
cies. The data used in this report is not weighted to give any advantage. The impact of weight-
some of the most widely discussed metrics and look at the big picture of our state.
ing creates wildly varying scores and data, while the related policy approaches can be minor and sometimes unnoticeable. We want to honestly track the core metrics that will give us an
The data points selected from the hundreds of possibilities attempted to address issues that
idea of how Ohio is doing compared to the country. If you have suggestions for additional or
impact everyday Ohioans. People wonder if they’ll be able to afford a home, if our neighbors
different metrics or data we should use toward this end, please let us know.
have enough to eat, and whether or not our children are getting the education they need to succeed. These statistics are by no means completely inclusive of all the intricacies of a particACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ular issue. These metrics are intended to paint a big-picture view of Ohio.
This report has been prepared by: Data can be used to shed a lot of light or to confuse and mislead the reader. For the metrics
NICK BATES, MTS, J.D. Deacon
selected, we attempted to demonstrate the most basic definition with the most commonly
GAVIN DEVORE LEONARD
used statistic for that metric. Definitions of the metric are incorporated into each page to ex-
ARIANA YBARRA
plain as clearly as possible what we mean. For some metrics, Ohio and other states differ very slightly or changes indicated over time might be small. Most data sets we referenced indicated
We would like to thank the work put in by many individuals and organizations including:
the level of statistical confidence and statistical significance in their footnotes. If you are looking
One Ohio Now’s over 100+ endorsing organizations
for a more mathematical understanding of these data points, we encourage you to look to the
Era Design
original data sources for their analysis.
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Sources HEALTH & HOME
EMPLOYMENT & ECONOMY
Infant mortality
Poverty
Hunger
Median Wage
1. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/infant_mortality_rates/infant_mortality.htm 2. https://odh.ohio.gov/wps/wcm/connect/gov/5b43b42b-0733-42cd-8a01-063f831ec53f/2017+Ohio+Infant+Mortality+Report.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CONVERT_TO=url&CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE.Z18_M1HGGIK0N0JO00QO9DDDDM3000-5b 43b42b-0733-42cd-8a01-063f831ec53f-mu4c7li 3. https://www.marchofdimes.org/March-of-Dimes-2016-Databook.pdf 4. https://odh.ohio.gov/wps/portal/gov/odh/media-center/odh-news-releases/2017-ohio-infant-mortality-report 5. https://www.dispatch.com/news/20190115/dewine-wants-to-triple-home-visits-for-at-risk-young-families 6. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/90023/err-256.pdf?v=0 7. https://www.feedingamerica.org/sites/default/files/research/senior-hunger-research/state-of-senior-hunger-2016.pdf 8. http://www.hungerreport.org/costofhunger/ 9. http://map.feedingamerica.org/
Foreclosure
39. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2018/acs/acsbr17-01.pdf 40. https://www.policymattersohio.org/research-policy/fair-economy/work-wages/state-of-working-ohio/state-of-workingohio-2018-inequality-amid-job-growth 41. https://www.dispatch.com/news/20180613/report-most-common-ohio-jobs-dont-pay-enough-to-cover-rent 42. https://www.deptofnumbers.com/income/ohio/
Unemployment
10. https://www.realtytrac.com/statsandtrends/foreclosuretrends/ 11. https://nlihc.org/oor 12. https://cohhio.org/report-finds-sharp-increase-in-childrens-homelessness-in-ohio/ 13. https://phys.org/news/2016-10-reveals-big-economic-benefits-housing.html
Overdose Deaths
14. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/drug_poisoning_mortality/drug_poisoning.htm 15. https://www.dispatch.com/news/20190127/overdose-deaths-falling-throughout-ohio-but-not-in-franklin-county 16. 14. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/drug_poisoning_mortality/drug_poisoning.htm 17. https://www.grassley.senate.gov/news/news-releases/grassley-op-ed-congress-working-combat-opioid-addiction 18. https://www.dispatch.com/news/20170426/how-ohio-house-wants-to-spend-additional-171-million-to-fight-drugs
Health Insurance
19. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2018/demo/p60-264.pdf 20. https://www.clevescene.com/scene-and-heard/archives/2018/11/30/ohio-losing-ground-in-childrens-health-coverage 21. http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/ohio/2018/measure/factors/131/data?sort=sc-2
EDUCATION High School Graduation
22. https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/data-us-graduation-rates-by-state-and.html 23. https://gradnation.americaspromise.org/report/2017-building-grad-nation-report#driver-1-low-income-students 24. https://www.daytondailynews.com/news/ohio-graduation-rate-record-high-percent-miss-despite-new-options/L96Ixq72KrISOQ2Y536HkM/ 25. http://dropoutprevention.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/arts-and-dropout-prevention-2017-10.pdf
College Affordability
26. http://sheeo.org/projects/shef-%E2%80%94-state-higher-education-finance 27. https://www.lsc.ohio.gov/documents/reference/current/historicalexpendrevenue/table3.pdf 28. https://www.lsc.ohio.gov/documents/budget/132/MainOperating/greenbook/BOR.PDF 29. https://www.ohiohighered.org/sites/ohiohighered.org/files/uploads/attainment/attainment-framing-paper_FINALb_050416.pdf https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/21/the-student-loan-bubble.html 30. https://www.ohiohighered.org/sites/ohiohighered.org/files/uploads/attainment/attainment-framing-paper_FINALb_050416.pdf
43. https://www.bls.gov/web/laus/laumstrk.htm 44. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/opinion/wage-stagnation-unemployment-economic-growth.html?rref=collection/sectioncollection/opinion&action=click&contentCollection=opinion&region=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=7&pgtype=sectionfront 45. https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/3e4d449d-3ce2-4c07-99dc-8f077286db9b/ohio-employment-update. pdf
Job Growth
46. http://seidmaninstitute.com/job-growth/latest-state-rankings/ 47. State https://data.bls.gov/pdq/SurveyOutputServlet 48. National https://data.bls.gov/pdq/SurveyOutputServlet 49. https://www.dispatch.com/news/20190213/transportation-director-ohio-needs-1-billion-for-roads-bridges
Public Transit
50. https://alltransit.cnt.org/rankings/ 51. https://www.citylab.com/transportation/2016/04/how-columbus-is-using-transit-to-reduce-infant-mortality/480213/ 52. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/12/us-job-openings-jump-to-record-high-of-7point3-million.html 53. https://www.policymattersohio.org/research-policy/sustainable-communities/transit/how-ohio-funds-public-transit 54. https://www.dispatch.com/news/20190213/new-albany-lands-600-million-google-data-center 55. https://equitycaucus.org/sites/default/files/DRO_SIL_Transportation_Forum_Summary.pdf
INEQUALITY Youth Incarceration
56. https://www.sentencingproject.org/the-facts/#rankings?dataset-option=JCR 57. http://www.justicepolicy.org/images/upload/06-11_rep_dangersofdetention_jj.pdf 58. https://www.cleveland.com/court-justice/2019/01/there-is-no-oversight-staff-cuts-leave-ohio-prison-inspections-to-interns.html 59. https://www.vox.com/identities/2018/4/5/17199810/school-discipline-race-racism-gao 60. https://www.sentencingproject.org/issues/drug-policy/
Gender Wage Gap 61. http://www.nationalpartnership.org/our-work/resources/workplace/fair-pay/americas-women-and-the-wage-gap.pdf
62. https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/adult-poverty-rate-by-gender/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D 63. http://www.nationalpartnership.org/our-work/resources/workplace/fair-pay/americas-women-and-the-wage-gap.pdf
Preschool
31. https://datacenter.kidscount.org/data/tables/9010-young-children-not-in-school?loc=1&loct=2#detailed/2/2-53/ false/1564/any/17976 32. http://education.ohio.gov/Topics/Early-Learning/Early-Childhood-Education-Grant 33. https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Education/2016/1212/High-ROI-Why-preschool-programs-are-a-good-investment-forsociety 34. https://www.mikedewine.com/kids/
INVESTING IN OHIO’S FUTURE.
35. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2018/demo/p60-263.html 36. https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/poverty-rate-by-age/?dataView=1&activeTab=graph&currentTimeframe=0&startTimeframe=9&selectedDistributions=children-0-18&selectedRows=%7B%22states%22:%7B%22ohio%22:%7B%7D%7D%7D&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D 37. https://www.development.ohio.gov/files/research/p7005.pdf 38. https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/population-up-to-200-fpl/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Under%20200%25%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D
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Child Poverty by Race
64. kidscount.org 65. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/how-poverty-can-follow-children-into-adulthood/ 66. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/get-there/wp/2018/04/05/black-homeownership-is-as-low-as-it-was-whenhousing-discrimination-was-legal/?utm_term=.9a55db5b384a 67. https://www.policymattersohio.org/press-room/2019/01/30/tax-giveaways-put-squeeze-on-state-budget
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INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
Endorsers A ACTION OHIO Coalition For Battered Women AFSCME Ohio Council 8 AIR Inc. All Aboard Ohio America Votes Ohio Asian Services In Action
C Center for Working Class Studies – Youngstown State University Children’s Defense Fund – Ohio Church for All People Cleveland Jobs with Justice Cleveland Tenants Organization Clintonville Beechwold Community Resources Center Clintonville For Change Coalition on Homelessness and Housing in Ohio (COHHIO) Columbus Jobs with Justice Columbus Metropolitan Area Church Council (MACC) Common Cause, Ohio Communications Workers of America (CWA) Community Action Partnership of the Greater Dayton Area (CAP-Dayton) Community Partners for Affordable Accessible Health Care (CPAAHC) Corporation for Ohio Appalachian Development (COAD)
D Democratic Voices of Ohio
E Ecumenical Communities for a Compassionate Ohio (ECCOHIO) Education Service Center of Lake Erie West Empowering and Strengthening Ohio’s People (ESOP) The Empowerment Center of Greater Cleveland Environmental Health Watch Equality Ohio
F Findlay Hope House for the Homeless, Inc. Faith in Public Life Forging Responsible Youth
G Georgetown Federation of Teachers Greater Cincinnati Coalition for the Homeless Greater Hilltop Area Shalom Zone
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
H
Ohio Poverty Law Center
Havar, Inc.
Ohio Public Transit Association (OPTA)
Hispanic Alliance, Inc.
Ohio Retired Teachers Association (ORTA)
The Hunger Network in Ohio
Ohio School Boards Association (OSBA)
SOURCES
Ohio Student Association
I
Ohio Voice
Innovation Ohio
Ohio Voter Fund
IUE-CWA
Ohio Votes Ohio Youth Voices
L
Organize! Ohio
Legal Aid of Southwest Ohio
Over-the-Rhine Community Housing
LiveCLEVELAND! Lutheran Metropolitan Ministry
P People’s Empowerment Coalition of Ohio (PEC)
M
Planned Parenthood Affiliates of Ohio
Mahoning Valley Organizing Collaborative (MVOC)
Policy Matters Ohio ProgressOhio
N
Putting People First
National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Ohio Chapter Neighborhood Solutions, Inc.
R
Northeast Ohio Alliance for Hope (NOAH)
Rahab’s Hideaway
Northeast Ohio American Friends Service Committee
Results Cincinnati
Northeast Ohio Coalition for the Homeless
Results Columbus
Northern Ohioans for Budget and Legislation Equality (NOBLE)
S
O
Service Employees International Union (SEIU) District 1199
Ohio AFL-CIO
Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Local 1
Ohio Alliance for Retired Americans Ohio Association of Community Action Agencies
T
Ohio Association of Free Clinics
Tapestry
Ohio Association of Professional Fire Fighters
Toledo Jobs with Justice
Ohio Association of School Business Officials (OASBO) Ohio Community Development Corporation (CDC) Association
U
Ohio Civil Service Employees Association (OCSEA) Local 11/AFSCME
UHCAN Ohio
Ohio Coalition for Equity and Adequacy of School Funding
United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) Local 1059
Ohio Communities United
United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) Local 75
Ohio Conference of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP)
The University of Akron AAUP
Ohio Conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
W
Ohio Conference on Fair Trade
We are the Uninsured
Ohio Congress of Parents and Teachers (Ohio PTA)
We Believe Ohio
Ohio Domestic Violence Network
Working America
Ohio Education Association (OEA)
Wright State University AAUP
Ohio Environmental Council (OEC) Ohio Farmers Union
Y
Ohio Federation of Teachers (OFT)
The Youth Empowerment Program
Ohio National Organization for Women (NOW) Ohio Organizing Collaborative (OOC) Ohio Partners for Affordable Energy
INVESTING IN OHIO’S FUTURE.
OneOhioNow.org
614. 859. 9669
OneOhioNow
@One_Ohio_Now
26
INTRODUCTION
HEALTH & HOME
EDUCATION
ECONOMY & EMPLOYMENT
INEQUALITY
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES
Notes
INVESTING IN OHIO’S FUTURE.
OneOhioNow.org
614. 859. 9669
OneOhioNow
@One_Ohio_Now
27
I N VESTI N G I N O HIO’S F U T U R E . OneOhioNow.org 614. 859.9 6 6 9
OneOhioNow @One_Ohio_Now