Breast Cancer Awareness 2017

Standing Together in the Fight Against

Breast Cancer Special supplement to the Daily Republic October 2017

2 Breast Cancer Awareness

What’s Inside Survivors................................ 2 Breast Cancer Stages.......... 4 HPV Vaccinations................ 5 Breast Cancer Q&A.............. 6 3 Types of Skin Cancer........7 Prostate Cancer Survivor.. 8 Communicate Emotions.... 9 Self Exam.............................. 10 Chemo & Radiation............ 11

October 2017

Survivors A look at past honorary co-chairs of Mitchell’s Heart and Sole

I

By Sara Bertsch The Daily Republic

n October, pink ribbons are often seen around the world.

Pink is the international symbol of breast cancer, and October is recognized as Breast Cancer Awareness Month, shedding light on the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women.

Breast cancer is the second leading causing cancer death among women, and each year an estimated 252,000 women will be diagnosed with the disease, according to the National Breast Cancer Foundation.

But more than 3.3 million breast cancer survivors are alive today, including in Mitchell.

Below are the stories and updates from breast cancer survivors who also served as honorary co-chairs at the Heart and Sole event in Mitchell. Heart and Sole each summer hosts an annual walk and run, selecting cancer survivors and those battling cancer as honorary co-chairs.

This year, the organization celebrated 20 years.

SURVIVORS: Page 3

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We Stand Together For A Cure!

All “PINK” color proceeds from this publication will be donated to a local Breast Cancer Prevention Organization

Thank You!

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In honor of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, many of our local and area merchants have joined together in this publication to show their support for breast cancer research, prevention and treatment. Show your commitment to a cure by shopping locally this month and supporting the participating businesses featured here!

Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

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SURVIVORS From Page 2

Judy Carlson’s nickname from her family is “the peacemaker.”

Her family often makes fun of her, but Carlson is adamant in making sure everybody gets life motto is “life

January 20, 2010 was a bittersweet date for Mary.

It was the day she had a mastectomy — a surgery removing the breast — and the same day her granddaughter, Gailee, was born.

Ackman was diagnosed a few weeks prior to this day with stage I breast cancer. Following the mastectomy she underwent four months of chemotherapy in Mitchell. And due to an inactive periodontal disease, she had to have all her teeth pulled after her second chemo treatment.

But even during the hard times, she had support from her family and friends and attributes their help improving her attitude was a big part of recovery. And today, she remains cancer free.

“I’m still cancer free today so that’s all I can hope and pray for,” Ackman said.

After being named honorary co-chair for the Heart and Sole event in 2012, Ackman was amazed about the amount of people in the community and region who were going through similar situations as her.

And had she known that some of her friends had been going through a similar journey, she would have lended her support, as many did for her.

“Don’t be afraid to let your friends and family know what you’re going through. The more support that you have, the easier the journey is,” she said.

While battling cancer is a private affair, she hopes people aren’t afraid to reach out to others who may be struggling. Or, at the very least, keep in mind that there are others who have it worse, she said.

“Keep a positive attitude and take every day as gift,” she said.

Kathy’s story also begins in 2007, when she discovered a lump on her breast.

She underwent five biopsies and an ultrasound to be told there was nothing to worry about. But in August 2012, she found the lump had grown and four more biopsies and an ultrasound were completed. Reports came back negative again, but Zoss opted to have the lump removed surgically.

“Something inside me was getting a little nervous,” she said.

After the surgery in late November, she received a call notifying her she had breast cancer, specifically Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS).

She began radiation treatment in December 2012 and by February 2013 was told she was cancer free. And it was because of her persistence to remove the lump, which would have been full blown in less than a year had it not been removed.

Zoss still visits the doctor every six months, with her latest appointment in August. She said she still is doing well, but is reminded of the trying time in her life every day.

Each day, Zoss takes Tamoxifen for prevention, and will continue until she reaches the five-year mark. And though she’s not doing anything specific for Breast Cancer Awareness month, she still has advice for others going through a similar journey.

“Keep your faith, don’t give up,” Zoss said. “Get checked. I didn’t have any sign of breast cancer in my family … If you suspect anything, go to the doctor.”

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along as her is short.”

“Don’t get those little things linger on because it’s just not worth it,” Carlson said.

It was through her battle with cancer that she developed this motto.

Carlson found a lump on her breast in August 2007, and in a matter of days contacted her doctor and underwent several procedures. She was then told she had stage III breast cancer.

A week later she had a lumpectomy surgery and discovered the cancer moved through her lymph nodes, and chemotherapy was needed.

She underwent treatment, and the cancer was gone. She continued regular treatments and in November 2011 discovered cancer moved to her ovaries. She had a complete hysterectomy — removal of the uterus— and no further treatment was needed.

And to this day, she remains cancer free.

Recently, Carlson had another mammogram which showed she was still “all clear.” And as October approaches, and pink ribbons will soon paint the town, Carlson hopes others will realize the importance of having regular doctor appointments.

But on top of yearly check-ups, she also wants those who might be diagnosed with breast cancer that it is OK to accept help.

“Let someone else do the dishes, let someone else run errands. When people offer, take the help,” she said. “You need to focus on you at this time.”

Carlson doesn’t have any plans for Breast Cancer Awareness month, but said she often tries to forget about her cancer. Yet she’s glad for the reminder each October that breast cancer is still here and there are others going through it.

“You start seeing all the pink around, the shirts around and it always hits home,” she said.

Mary Ackmen

Kathy Zoss

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4 Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

Breast cancer stages Help determine course of treatment

W

hen doctors diagnose breast cancer, they typically tell their patients which stage the cancer is in. Men and women with no previous experience with cancer may not know what these stages signify or may not understand the differences between the stages. The following is a rundown of breast cancer stages to help men and women diagnosed with breast cancer better understand their disease.

Why are stages important?

Staging helps doctors determine how far the breast cancer has progressed, but staging also helps doctors determine the best course of treatment to contain or eliminate the cancer. For example, a person diagnosed with stage 1 breast cancer will likely undergo a different course of treatment than someone diagnosed with stage 4.

STAGE O & 1

STAGE 2

When breast cancer is detected early, it is often characterized as stage O or 1, which means the cancer cells have not spread beyond a very limited area.

Stage 0 breast cancer is a noninvasive cancer where abnormal cells have been found in the lining of the breast milk duct but have not spread outside the duct into surrounding breast tissue. Stage O breast cancer is very treatable, but if treatment is not sought, it can spread into surrounding breast tissue.

Stage 1 breast cancer is diagnosed when the tumor is very small and has not spread to the lymph nodes.

In certain instances when a person is diagnosed with stage 1 breast cancer, no tumor is found in the breast. When a tumor is found, it is typically two centimeters or smaller.

According to the National Breast Cancer Foundation, breast cancer that is discovered and treated at stage 1 has a five-year survival rate of roughly 98 percent.

How are stages determined?

A number of factors determine staging.

These factors include: • The size of the tumor within the breast • The number of lymph nodes affected • Signs indicating if the breast cancer has invaded other organs within the body.

Signs that the cancer has spread may be found in the bones, liver, lungs, or brain.

STAGE 3

A stage 2 breast cancer diagnosis means the cancer has begun to grow or spread, but it is still in the early stages and typically very treatable. Stage 2 breast cancer is divided into two groups, stage 2A and stage 28, a distinction that is made because of the size of the tumor and if the breast cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

There may or may not be a tumor present when a person is diagnosed with stage 2A breast cancer. If a tumor is present, it is either less than two centimeters and cancer cells are present in less than four axillary lymph nodes or the tumor is between two and five centimeters but has not spread to the lymph nodes.

A tumor is present when a person is diagnosed with stage 28 breast cancer, and that tumor is either between two and five centimeters and spread to less than four axillary lymph nodes or it is larger than five centimeters but has not spread to any lymph nodes.

Stage 2 breast cancers typically respond well to treatment, but those treatments may be more aggressive than treatments for stage O or 1 breast cancers.

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STAGE 4

A stage 4 breast cancer diagnosis means the cancer has spread to other areas of the body, which may include the brains, bones, lungs, or liver. Stage 4 breast cancer is considered incurable, though the NBCF notes that a growing number of women are living longer because their disease is being treated as a chronic condition. Treatment of stage 4 breast cancer may be determined by a patient’s access to specialists and sub-specialists, and some patients may be given the opportunity to participate in therapies that are still in the experimental phase. Unlike in years past, many stage 4 breast cancer patients can extend their lives for several years thanks in large part to advancements in research and medical technology.

More information about breast cancer is available at www.nationalbreastcancer.org.

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Stage 3 breast cancer is an advanced cancer that has invaded tissues surrounding the breast but has not spread to distant organs.

Advancements to treat stage 3 breast cancer have made treatment more effective, even if a doctor describes the cancer as “inoperable,” which may mean that surgery will not be enough to rid the breast of the cancer in its entirety. Stage 3 breast cancer is divided into a three subgroups, which are determined by the size of the tumor and if the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or surrounding tissue.

When a person is diagnosed with stage 3A, 3B or 3C breast cancer, his or her physician will likely discuss treatment plans that include a combination of treatment options.

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Mitchell doctor pushes for HPV vaccinations to prevent cancer

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a decrease in protection over a long time span.

“It works. It lasts. It’s safe,” she said.

According to the National Cancer Institute, there are three vaccines approved by the FDA to prevent HPV infection, called Gardasil, Gardasil 9 and Cervarix.

All three of the vaccines have been tested by the FDA and have shown no serious side effects, the Institute reported. The most common problems have been brief soreness and other local symptoms to the injection site.

But for Weigandt, who specializes in OBGYN, females are her primary patients.

And while she doesn’t see many patients in the 11-12 age range, she does see older teens and patients under 26 years old.

And she often recommends the vaccine.

“From my viewpoint, cervical cancer is one of the most preventable mainly because of this vaccine,” Weigandt said.

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ne local doctor is urging a vaccine to prevent one of the most common cancers in the world.

Julie Weigandt, an OBGYN physician with Sanford Weigandt Health in Mitchell, warns that HPV — human papillomavirus — is the most common sexually transmitted disease, affecting nearly 80 million people. And this disease, which infects about 14 million people each year, can also cause various cancers, including cervical cancer.

“Most of us have or will be infected with HPV throughout our lifetime,” she said. “ … they do persist in some people and go on to cause cancer.”

But cervical cancer isn’t the only cancer caused by HPV. It can also cause cancers

of the penis, anus and back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils in both men and women.

According to Weigandt, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, and it’s almost nearly 100 percent preventable thanks to a HPV vaccine.

Weigandt said the vaccine is available for males and females between 9 and 26 years old, but the optimal time frame is between 11 and 12 years old.

“It’s before the potential onset of secual activity, and bundling with other vaccines makes it more accessible,” she said. “It can greatly reduce the incidents of diseases, such as cervical cancer, which is nearly 100 percent preventable.”

HPV can also cause genital warts, which the vaccine can also help decrease incidents of the warts, she said. The HPV vaccine has been around for more than 10 years, Weigandt said, and studies have shown it’s “very safe” and doesn’t have

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6 Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

A BREAST CANCER Q&A

T

he Pink Ribbon campaign has made breast cancer a somewhat familiar topic for most of us, and yet there are still many false beliefs about the disease that persist. In honor of National Breast Cancer Awareness Month, sponsored by the National Breast Cancer Foundation (NBCF), here are some answers to the most-asked questions.

IF MY DOCTORS DETECT BREAST CANCER, WILL I HAVE TO GET A MASTECTOMY? These days, if the cancer was detected early on, there’s a very good chance you won’t need one. There’s evidence that lumpectomies with radiation are highly effective in treating early-stage breast cancer.

IF I FIND A LUMP IN MY BREAST, WHAT ARE THE CHANCES IT’S CANCER? The NBCF says that only a small percentage of lumps turn out to be cancerous.

However, it’s better to be safe than sorry, so talk to your doctor, and keep in mind that the survival rate for early-detected, localized breast cancer is 100 percent over five years.

IF MY MOTHER HAD BREAST CANCER, WILL I GET IT? According to the NBCF, only ten percent of women who are diagnosed have a family history of breast cancer. Nevertheless, if there has been breast cancer in your immediate family, or if an aunt or grandmother was diagnosed, talk to your doctor about diagnostic image screening.

DOES USING ANTIPERSPIRANT INCREASE MY CHANCES OF GETTING BREAST CANCER? To date, researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have not found any conclusive links between aluminum-based antiperspirants and incidences of breast cancer.

If you have further questions about breast cancer, talk to your family doctor or visit Nationalbreastcancer.org.

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Exploring the three main types of skin cancers

The American Cancer Society notes that roughly eight out of 10 skin cancers are basal cell carcinomas. Basal cells are in the lower part of the epidermis, or skin, which is known as the basal cell layer. Basal cell carcinomas typically develop on the head and neck or other areas of the body that are exposed to the sun. Though they rarely metastasize, basal cell carcinomas can spread to other

Squamous cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinomas most commonly appear on areas of the body that are exposed to the sun, though the SCF notes they also may occur on the mucous membranes and genitals. According to the SCF, in the United States alone, more than one million people each year are diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, which is mainly caused by cumulative sun exposure over the course of a lifetime. Year-round exposure to ultraviolet light and UV rays from the sun, as well as UV exposure from tanning beds, can take a toll on the skin’s squamous cells over time, ultimately leading to squamous cell carcinoma.

Squamous cell carcinomas may look like scaly red patches, open sores, warts or elevated growths with a central depression. In

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Though they are far less common than basal and squamous cell cancers, melanomas are more likely to grow and metastasize if left untreated. Melanomas develop when unrepaired DNA damage to skin calls triggers mutations that cause the skin cells to multiply rapidly and form malignant tumors.

Ultraviolet radiation from sunshine or tanning beds is most often the cause of the damage connected to melanomas.

Melanomas typically resemble moles, and some may even develop from moles. Melanomas are often black or brown, but the SCF notes that they also may be pink, red, purple, blue, white or even skin-colored. Early detection of melanoma before it spreads to other parts of the body is essential, as the SCF notes that melanoma is hard to treat and potentially fatal once it has begun to spread.

More information about skin cancer and how to prevent it is available at www.skincancer.org.

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Each year there are more new cases of skin cancer than the combined incidence of cancers of the breast, prostate, lung and colon.

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areas of the body if left untreated.

The SCF notes that basal cell carcinomas may look like open sores, red patches, pink growths, shiny bumps, or scars. Basal cell carcinomas can be a byproduct of cumulative exposure to the sun or even intense, occasional sun exposure.

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kin cancer is a significant threat that does not discriminate based on age, gender or ethnicity.

According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, each year there are more new cases of skin cancer than the combined incidence of cancers of the breast, prostate, lung and colon.

While the incidence rates of skin cancer are alarming, the good news is that skin cancer is highly curable if detected early and treated properly. Adults concerned about the threat posed by skin cancer can take a proactive approach by learning about the three main types of this often preventable disease.

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8 Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

‘Live life to the fullest’ Prostate cancer survivor reflects on life as remission nears one-year mark

By Sara Bertsch The Daily Republic When Bob Eickhoff heard the nurse say “cancer,” he didn’t hear much after.

In May 2014, shortly before retirement from his longtime job in at the Huron Post Office and 10 days before his 65th birthday, Eickhoff was diagnosed with stage 4 prostate cancer that had metastasized into his lymph nodes.

Mitchell and a few times to Sioux Falls. Treatments began five days per week for 43 days.

Eickhoff also had two surgeries in the process. One was a biopsy discovering the cancer, and the second surgery implanted radioactive seeds as a form of radiation therapy.

For the next two and a half years after the diagnosis, Eickhoff was on chemotherapy pills and shots, completing the medicine in October 2016. He is now in

I’m trying to be as involved in the community as I can. At some point, I won’t feel like doing that and I want to give back while I can.

BOB EICKHOFF, Survivor “It was the nurse who sat down and said, ‘Bob I have some notso-good news for you. You’ve got cancer,’ ” Eickhoff said. “ And when you first hear that word, you don’t hear much of anything else said after that.”

He was whisked into a whirlwind of treatments, traveling both to the Avera Cancer Institute in

remission and was told it takes one year for the chemotherapy to completely drain from his system. And as the one-year mark approaches in a few weeks, Eickhoff is happy, but he’s trying not to think about it much.

Eickhoff’s physician warned him that with stage 4 cancer, especially since it spread to his

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lymph nodes, there’s a 99 percent of the cancer returning within the next 10 years.

“That was a little bit more honesty than I had hoped to hear,” Eickhoff said. “But I’m not living with that 10-year mark. I know that at some point it’s going to be back, so I’m just living my life to the fullest.”

Now 68, Eickhoff makes a point not to think about the possible return of his cancer, and instead focuses all of his efforts into volunteering.

Once a week, Eickhoff volunteers at the Huron Regional Medical Center. He also is a part of a mentoring program of men reading to elementary school students and RSVP, the retired senior volunteer program. Eickhoff also helps with the Chamber of Commerce, Meals on Wheels and various sporting tournaments.

“I’m trying to be as involved in the community as I can. At some point, I won’t feel like doing that and I want to give back while I can,” Eickhoff said.

Eickhoff is originally from the St. Cloud, Minnesota, area and eventually moved to Huron to closer to his wife’s family. Eickhoff has four children and eight grandchildren.

And his family was one of the biggest support systems he had during his cancer journey, and one of the top priorities anyone with cancer should establish, he said.

Because of the discovery of his cancer through a PSA test, Eickhoff now recommends everyone regularly take the blood test — which is often used to screen for prostate cancer.

He also commends the staff at the Avera Cancer Institute in Mitchell, who helped him through a hard time in his life, and easily became his friends.

And still today he makes sure to stop by for a visit if he is in Mitchell.

It’s places like the institute, Eickhoff said, that have helped many people diagnosed with cancer.

And he added, “great strides” have been made in treatment for various cancers.

“And just because you’re diagnosed with cancer, it is not a death sentence. There is hope,” Eickhoff said.

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How to communicate your emotional state following a diagnosis

P

eople diagnosed with breast cancer often find it difficult to express how they’re feeling for several reasons: discomfort, fear of upsetting loved ones, anger, etc.

However, keeping your emotions bottled up inside consumes a great deal of energy that would be better used to fight the illness. Sharing your feelings could help you manage stress and provide you comfort in a time of need. Therefore, whenever you’re ready: • Talk to someone with whom you feel comfortable. If it’s too difficult to speak to a loved one about your diagnosis, consider joining a support group.

• Don’t be afraid to cry or experience intense emotions like anger.

Remember, there’s no right or wrong way to feel following a cancer diagnosis.

person you’re communicating with to better understand your mindset. If you’re having trouble formulating what you’re feeling, just say so.

• Don’t fear silence — it’s actually an effective coping me­chanism. And if you’re usually one for jokes, don’t hesitate to use humour to help dissolve tensions when confronting difficult situations.

Is talking about your diagnosis too painful? Writing (emails, poems, etc.) and making art (sculpting, painting, etc.) are equally constructive when it comes to self-expression. Lastly, if you’re tired of constantly having to repeat yourself, ask someone to be your spokesperson and deliver personal messages or status updates about your condition on your behalf.

— Newspaper Toolbox

• Try to describe how you’re feeling in simple terms to fa­c ilitate the conversation and allow the

Talking about your diagnosis is important — don’t waste valuable energy keeping your feelings bottled up inside.

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10 Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

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Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

C

11

The differences between chemotherapy and radiation

ancer can take on many forms and spread throughout the body, infiltrating healthy cells and causing an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells that often turn into tumors.

Various cancer-treatment options are available to treat men and women diagnosed with this potentially deadly disease, but the ones most familiar to many people are radiation and chemotherapy. Working with their doctors, patients can explore their treatment options to determine which therapies may be most effective.

CHEMOTHERAPY

Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment in which a patient is administered drugs that are designed to kill cancer cells. These drugs work by attacking the components that allow cells to divide, grow and spread. Many chemotherapy drugs are given intravenously, in cycles, over a couple of weeks, but some chemotherapy medications may be

placed inside the body near the tumor.

Systemic radiation is the delivery of radioactive materials to a patient orally or through an injection.

taken orally. Chemotherapy primarily targets cells that divide rapidly, like cancer cells. But because other healthy cells also divide rapidly, such as cells in the hair and digestive tract, patients may experience side effects in these areas when undergoing chemotherapy treatment, according to the Southeast Radiation Oncology Group.

HORMONE THERAPY

Doctors may suggest hormone therapy to treat breast cancer. The American Cancer Society says estrogen promotes the growth of cancers that are hormone receptor-positive (roughly 67 percent of breast cancers are). Hormone therapy will lower estrogen levels or prevent estrogen from acting on breast cancer cells. However, it will not work on tumors that are hormone receptornegative.

Doctors use a combination of therapies to treat breast cancer and other forms of cancer. Learn more about various cancer therapies at The National Institutes of Health’s MedLine Plus website www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ druginformation.html or speak with an oncologist.

RADIATION

Radiation surrounds us in various forms. Many people are familiar with ultraviolet radiation from the sun, and radiation can be present in certain minerals and substances as well. The high-energy particles and waves contained in radiation can be used in cancer therapy, according to the American Cancer Society. Radiation therapy can be delivered in various forms. External radiation uses a machine that precisely directs highenergy rays from outside of the body into a tumor and nearby tissue. Internal radiation relies on a radioactive implant

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12 Breast Cancer Awareness

October 2017

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