March 2022 - The Epidemiology Monitor by The Epidemiology Monitor

New Report Identifies Shortage Of Epidemiologists In Big City Health Departments A new report by the Big Cities Health Coalition (BCHC) has found that 28% of their jurisdictions do not have a lead epidemiologist to oversee epidemiology activities. Altogether, the cities in the Coalition represent 62 million persons or about 1 in 5 Americans. A total of 26 of the 30 Coalition Health Departments responded to the survey of epidemiology capacity carried out from January to May 2021.

need to increase staff by 602 (47%) over the number of 1,284 epidemiologists now serving. Since the time of the last report in 2017, the number of epidemiologists has increased 18%, much less than the increase needed to reach full capacity as measured now. According to Chrissie Juliano, executive director of the BCHC, “The headline really is that big city health departments are in dire need of additional epidemiologist staffing,”. Speaking with Infectious Disease Special Edition she added “The

Shortfall To reach full epidemiology capacity, the big city health departments would

- Shortage con't on page 2

On The Light Side Multiple Epidemiologists Enter New Haiku Contest To Share Insights From The COVID-19 Pandemic Read a Sample of Entries A new Haiku contest designed to bring forth some of insights and observations about the impact of the COVID pandemic on epidemiology and epidemiologists has attracted scores of epidemiology entrants and an even larger number of individual haikus with some readers submitting multiple entries. March 2022

Our contest seeks to capture the insights which epidemiologists have garnered both positive and the negative as a result of the unprecedented attention on epidemiology during the pandemic. - Haiku cont'd on page 3 •

Volume Forty Three •

Number Three

In This Issue -4Study on Harassment of Epidemiologists -6White House Updates Covid-19 Plan -7Notes On People -9Near Term Epi Event Calendar -11Marketplace This Month

-Shortage cont'd from page 1 The Epidemiology Monitor ISSN (0744-0898) is published monthly by Roger Bernier, Ph.D., MPH at 7033 Hanford Dr,, Aiken, SC, 29803, USA. Editorial Contributors Roger Bernier, PhD, MPH Editor and Publisher

Operations Linda Bernier, PhD, MS Operations Manager

Advertising Sales Linda Bernier, PhD, MS Director of Advertising 770.533.3436 linda@epimonitor.net Advertising Rates All ads listed below also include a banner ad on our website and in our EpiGram emails. Full Page $1,195 7.5”w x 10” h Half Page $895 7.5”w x 4.75” h Website Ad $495 / mo. Includes a banner ad in our EpiGram emails Multi-month discounts available upon request.

shortfall puts the nation’s efforts to combat future and current pandemics at risk.” Specific Programs The health departments have multiple specific program areas and epidemiologists are scattered throughout these topic areas. As might be expected, 100% of the health departments have program areas in preparedness, infectious disease, and also COVID-19 response. Of the sixteen program areas asked about, the infectious disease and the COVID-19 areas were the most likely to have a formal lead epidemiologist (88% and 96% respectively). Maternal and child health is a frequent program area, however, only about two-thirds of these programs have a lead epidemiologist. Other common program areas are chronic disease, environmental health, vital statistics, and informatics, and proportionally fewer of these have an epidemiology lead. There are relatively few mental health, occupational health, and genomics programs in these big city health departments.

conduct key epidemiologic activities of different kinds, 92% of the 26 jurisdictions reported capacity as substantial to full for monitoring health status, 76% as substantial to full for diagnosing and investigating problems, and 40% as substantial to full for research and evaluation. Vacancies The big city health departments reported having 176 vacant positions overall with the intent to fill 142 of these as civil service positions or with contractors. But these numbers reflect only about a quarter of the 602 positions needed for the departments to operate at full epidemiologic capacity. The health departments were asked open-ended questions to identify the most critical issues they face. Among the themes which emerged are: human resources and hiring issues including staff burnout, data modernization challenges, funding problems, and training priorities. Recommendations

As an indication of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, there are almost as many epidemiologists now engaged in that program area (614) as there are in the other 15 program areas (670). Despite this increase, the report identifies COVID-19 response and infectious disease as the two areas in greatest need of more epidemiologists (127 and 174 respectively). Other strongest needs are in the areas of informatics, chronic disease, and general epidemiology.

The Big Cities Health Coalition report makes the following recommendations: 1. Provide cross-training that enables epidemiologists to shift across program areas as needed, particularly during public health emergencies. 2. Enhance skills in data analytics to support data modernization efforts. 3. Streamline onboarding training to assist with surge and/or temporary

Epi Capacity

When queried about their capacity to

- Shortage cont'd on page 5

On The Light Side, cont from page 1 This is a chance for readers to share their wisdom from lessons learned in the pandemic.

Armchair opinions Battle methodology Obscure truth and fact

Cash Prizes The winner for the best entry will receive a $500 cash prize, and second and third place winners will receive $300 and $200 respectively. All entries become the exclusive property of the newsletter. The deadline for submission is April 30, 2022. The winners will be announced in the May 2022 issue. There is no limit to the number of entries allowed. In the event that two haikus are very similar, the earliest one submitted will receive priority consideration. All decisions made by our panel of judges will be final. Submit your entries to editor@epimonitor.net Sample Haikus To get your creative juices flowing, we present a small randomly selected sample of haikus submitted to date. Challenge yourself to be even more insightful and creative! “Who needs PHDs?” They cried, tweeting expertise From their warm armchairs.

Months of talks later Skeptic dad’s vaccinated A long, slow exhale. SARS CO-V 2 war Science versus politics Populations shrink

We used to be asked Does that have to do with skin Harder questions now

Exponential growth Everyone is so surprised Except you, R naught

“...the best entry will receive a $500 cash prize..."

We knew long before… Yet the public did not trust Lives saved and lives lost. Third call of the day No answer, left voice mail, sigh Lost case in the void

Can we please just make Epidemiology Boring again, please?

And now they listen to Epidemiologists To then ignore them ■

“There is no limit to the number of entries allowed."

Join us on our Facebook page at: https://bit.ly/2U29gUA

Hopkins Study Documents Harassment And Violence Against Epidemiologists And Other Public Health Professionals Threats Have Been Ongoing Throughout The Pandemic Better Supports And Protections Called For “It documents at least 1,499 harassment experiences and 222 job departures..."

Media accounts of resignations, harassment, and threats to epidemiologists and other public health professionals have been reported in the media since the pandemic of COVID-19 began in early 2020. A mixed-methods study of these incidents from March 2020-January 2021 has now been published in the American Journal of Public Health by Julie Ward and colleagues at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. It documents at least 1,499 harassment experiences and 222 job departures over the first 11 months of the pandemic. Themes Through theme analysis, the investigators also described other negative outcomes. These are:

“...for sure harassment and intimidation against health officials and their staff continued..."

1) the expertise of the epidemiologists and other public health professionals was marginalized and disregarded, 2) they were portrayed, especially in rural communities, to be villains instead of public servants and trusted community members, 3) they suffered from the politicization of public health policies, 4) they experienced disillusionment for a variety of reasons, and

5) they had to function in an underfunded and understaffed public health infrastructure.

Recent Experience The Hopkins investigators have continued to collect data for the period subsequent to January 2021, according to Beth Resnick, a co-author of the AJPH paper. She told the Epi Monitor “We are currently doing additional research for the year 2021 - so we do not yet have any official information yet, but yes anecdotally for sure harassment and intimidation against health officials and their staff continued, as we saw during our study, but to what scope and extent I am unable to comment at this point.” Recommendations The Hopkins team has been very proactive in seeking to support and protect the public health workforce. For example, Resnick testified in Congress in September of last year and described several urgent tasks she believes need to be carried out. They are: 1. Stop the harassment and violence against the public health workforce. This has two parts. According to Resnick, CDC should establish a national reporting system for incidents of violence against the public health workforce, and the federal government should provide legal protections for public health workers facing harassment and violence.

- Hopkins cont'd on page 5

-Hopkins cont'd from page 4

-Shortage cont'd from page 2

2. Protect the statutory authority of public health. Surprisingly, state legislatures have passed laws which undermine public health authority. This recommendation would involve implementing legal strategies and funding incentives to support effective emergency public health authority at the state and local levels.

staffing and alleviate the burden on existing staff while preparing new staff to qualify for FTE positions if interested.

3. Rebuild the public health system. It has been neglected since the financial challenges of 2008 and has left the country unprepared for the pandemic, according to the Hopkins group. Congress should guarantee multi-year funding for state and local public health agency infrastructure, make a sustained investment in the workforce, and modernize the data systems of public health. Call to Action A call to action has been issued by partner organizations including the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, the Big Cities Health Coalition, the National Association of County and City Health Officials, and the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. Several organizations have responded to the call by agreeing to stand with public health. A Stop! Partner Group has been formed to bring about the reforms needed. Readers may learn more at: https://bit.ly/3wyYoV3 ■

Join us on our Facebook page at: https://bit.ly/2U29gUA

4. Update salary scales to be competitive with other industries. 5. Collaborate with Human Resources staff and health department leadership to be able to hire temporary and permanent staff in a timely manner.

“A call to action has been issued by partner organizations..."

6. Recruit additional epidemiologists, especially for emerging program areas (i.e., genomics) and with advanced knowledge and skills for research and evaluation. 7. Develop a plan to build epidemiology capacity and staffing internally to reduce reliance on contractors and reduce costs in procurement, decrease project delays and increase institutional knowledge. 8. Foster relationships with universities and schools of public health to harness the pipeline of incoming epidemiologists. 9. Facilitate opportunities for students to be exposed to public health practice at a health department.

“...harness the pipeline of incoming epidemiologists."

10. Explore opportunities for academic institutions to support health departments for special projects or subject matter expertise, particularly during an emergency response. 11. Ensure reliable access to the peer reviewed literature To access the full report, visit: https://bit.ly/3Ird5vn ■

White House Updates Plan Against COVID-19 Four Major Goals Advanced

“Estimates in the report suggest that vaccines have saved over 1 million lives among Americans..."

“...the US has delivered 475 million free doses to 112 countries..."

After experiencing five waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US between March 2020 and March 2022, the Biden Administration has released an updated 97 page plan to fight the anticipated future challenges from SARS CoV 2, including any new waves.

Examples of more specific actions described in the plan related to new variants are, “…the CDC launched – and is continually enhancing – the National Wastewater Surveillance System (NWSS) to track the presence of SARS-COV-2 in wastewater samples collected across the country. ..

The Good News

...And America has established a world-class sequencing operation, sequencing up to 90,000 isolates a week. The CDC’s sequencing efforts can now reliably detect variants that account for as little as 0.1% of all COVID-19 cases circulating in the United States. And when new variants are identified, the federal government has a network of researchers – federal, academic, and commercial – who are able to study the sequence and assess mutations rapidly, allowing the government to respond quickly to concerning variants. “

The plan document notes that 215 million Americans are now fully vaccinated and that an estimated twothirds of eligible adults have received their booster shot. Persons who have received this vaccine regimen have been found to be 41 times less likely to die of COVID-19 than unvaccinated individuals. Estimates in the report suggest that vaccines have saved over 1 million lives among Americans and prevented 10 million hospitalizations. Another encouraging equity result reported in the plan document is that Hispanic, Black, and Asian adults are now vaccinated on a par with White adults. Also, the Administration has committed to donating 1.2 billion doses of vaccine to other countries. To date, the US has delivered 475 million free doses to 112 countries, several times more than what has been donated by any other country. Goals

The plan’s four major goals are 1) to protect and treat against COVID-19, 2) to prepare for new variants, 3) prevent economic and educational shutdowns, and 4) lead the effort to vaccinate the world and save lives.

On the goal related to preventing shutdowns in schools and the economy, the plan asserts that schools, workers, and workplaces now have resources and guidance to prevent shutdowns. The Administration states that it will work with Congress to obtain the necessary funding to implement the multiple actions called for in the plan. To read the executive summary or the full plan document, visit: https://bit.ly/3tw2D1F ■

Notes on People Do you have news about yourself, a colleague, or a student? Please help The Epidemiology Monitor keep the community informed by sending relevant news to us at this address for inclusion in our next issue. people@epimonitor.net

Died: Cynthia Jean Berg, on March 6th, 2022 after a brief battle with cancer. She began her federal career as an Epidemic Intelligence Officer at CDC in 1985. According to CDC, Cindy was often referred to as the “Godmother of Maternal Mortality Research” and was known nationally and internationally for her work to advance maternal health. During her time in the Division of Reproductive Health, Cindy was a key contributor to the development of the first standardized data system to track pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. The surveillance system, CDC’s Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System (PMSS), is now used widely across the nation to better understand and prevent pregnancy-related deaths.

Profiled: Adele Houghton, an architect and Doctor of Public Health student at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, in a Harvard News publication. Houghton is pioneering a new field of practice called “Architectural Epidemiology”. She started exploring ways to bring health into the building development process from the beginning. In the article, she describes architectural epidemiology as a framework for “turning small scale real estate decisions into large-scale action on climate change and chronic disease.” She has started a green building company and written a book that lays out her methods.

Elected: Tom Talbot, as Vice-President of the Society for Healtcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). Dr Talbot is currently professor of Medicine and chief hospital epidemiologist at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Dr Talbot will serve as president-elect next year and as President in 2024 and past president in 2025.

- People cont'd on page 8

Profiled: Ban Majeed, assistant professor of epidemiology in the Department of Population Health Sciences of the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University in Jagwire, the University news publication. Dr Majeed was interviewed about the process she used to successfully obtain a grant for a longitudinal study to identify the determinants of successful smoking cessation. Dr Majeed is also a painter and has a dream to have her own cessation program. “ I want to incorporate art in tobacco treatment because we need to surround ourselves with beauty because the ugliness is everywhere.” Moving: Peter Jüni, Director of the Applied Health Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, and Professor at the Department of Medicine and the Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation at the University of Toronto, to a tenured professorship in clinical trials and medicine at the University of Oxford. He is also resigning as the scientific director of Ontario’s COVID-19 Science Advisory Table to take the Oxford position. According to the Toronto Star, “Juni developed a reputation for straight talk, providing blunt, sometimes politically inconvenient commentary about what the data was telling his team about the direction of the pandemic.” Commenting on the science advisory role, Dr Juni stated “The science table’s job is really about bringing in the scientific perspective, what does Ontario’s data tell us, what does the clinical evidence say, and what is happening internationally. The expectation was never that elected decision makers would always follow what we said.” Donor: Amy Greer, of a hand knit scarf to be added to a museum collection of objects created during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to media accounts, Greer color-coded her yarn to reflect the progress in getting people vaccinated. The scarf ended up being a “seven foot story of one of the biggest mobilization efforts in the province’s [Ontario] history…She was shocked at the idea that a museum might want it.” However, museums have been collecting objects of various kinds to help future generations better understand the happenings during the pandemic. Greer is Associate Professor at the Ontario Veterinary College, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph.

8 Near Term Epidemiology Event Calendar Every December The Epidemiology Monitor dedicates that issue to a calendar of events for the upcoming year. However that often means we don't have full information for events later in the upcoming year. Thus an online copy exists on our website that is updated regularly. To view the full year please go to: http://www.epimonitor.net/Events The events that we are aware of for the next two months follow below.

April 2022 April 2-5 http://bit.ly/2DZtMPU Conference / 56th Annual Meeting of the European Diabetes Epidemiology Group (EDEG ) / EDEG / Hersonissos, Crete, Greece April 3-7 https://bit.ly/3oLZ2Kz Conference / NACCHO (National Association of County and City Health Offices) Preparedness Summit 2022 / Multiple / Atlanta, GA April 4-5 https://bit.ly/3Hf8Vr9 Conference / 2022 Health Datapalooza & Health Policy Conference / Academy Health / Arlington, VA April 6-9 https://bit.ly/3e7B725 Conference / 2022 Annual Conference - Population Association of America / Population Association of America / Atlanta, GA April 8-13 https://bit.ly/3oLgYVu Conference / 2022 Annual Meeting - American Association for Cancer Research / AACR / New Orleans, LA April 10-12 https://bit.ly/2VRFqoZ Conference / ISPE 2022 Mid-Year Meeting / International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology / Orlando, FL April 11-14 https://bit.ly/3GOXS7f Short Course / Psychiatric Epidemiology / Erasmus MC / Rotterdam, The Netherlands April 12-14 https://bit.ly/3p3hMCw Conference / SHEA (Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America) Spring 2022 / SHEA / Colorado Springs, CO - Hybrid April 19-21 https://bit.ly/2C4g1PE Short Course / Quality of Life Measurement / Erasmus MCl / Rotterdam, The Netherlands April 19-21 https://bit.ly/3DSAjrW Conference / Tribal Public Health Conference / Multiple / Hybrid - Location TBA April 23-26 https://bit.ly/2VRaqVX Conference / 30th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases / ESCMID / Lisbon, Portugal April 24-26 https://bit.ly/3rX33gV Conference / Health Effects International 2022 Conference / HEI / Washington, DC April TBA https://bit.ly/3IO7yAC Short Course / Child Psychiatric Epidemiology / Erasmus MC / Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Near Term Epidemiology Event Calendar, con't May 2022 May 2-5 http://bit.ly/38nmB26 Conference / 71st Annual Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference / CDC - Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / Atlanta, GA May 3-5 https://bit.ly/3pVqzbC Conference / 4th International Conference on Animal Health Surveillance (ICAHS4) / Multiple / Copenhagen, Denmark May 9-11 https://bit.ly/3s6nOXC Short Course / Epigenetic Epidemiology / University of Bristol / VIRTUAL May 10-11 https://bit.ly/3ygdJZa Conference / 2022 FETP International Nights (in conjunction with the EIS Conference) / TEPHINET (Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network) / Virtual May 10-12 https://bit.ly/3INevll Conference / 2022 ACHI National Conference / Association for Community Health Improvement / Cleveland, OH May 12-13 https://bit.ly/3s2pyBi Short Course / Advanced Epigenetic Epidemiology / University of Bristol / VIRTUAL May 15-18 http://bit.ly/36gZsMC Conference / 43rd Annual Meeting / Society for Clinical Trials / San Diego, CA May 16 - June 3 http://bit.ly/2P1VUrR Summer Program / Summer Public Health Institute / University of Minnesota / Minneapolis, MN May 22-28 https://bit.ly/321Yo2B Conference / 75th World Health Assembly / WHO / Geneva, Switzerland May 23-25 http://bit.ly/33YKQQx Short Course / Cardiovascular Epidemiology / Erasmus MC / Rotterdam, The Netherlands May 24 - June 17 http://bit.ly/38mW6tl Summer Program / Summer Institutes in Global Health / McGill University / Montreal, Quebec, Canada May 30 - June 3 http://bit.ly/2RvLH8H Conference / 46th Annual Kettil Brunn Society Meeting / Kettil Brunn Society / Warsaw, Poland May 30 - June 10 https://bit.ly/3J09R3I Short Course / Principles in Causal Inference / Erasmus MC / Rotterdam, The Netherlands May 31 - June 3 https://bit.ly/31MTaYw Conference / 2022 Annual Conference / Society for Prevention Research / Seattle, WA

Epidemiology's Summer Institute at Columbia University Early discounts available until April 1, 2022 Registration open through May 1, 2022

For a Full List of Courses Offered in EPISUMMER@COLUMBIA 2022 Visit: cuepisummer.org

Research Assistant Professor Epidemiology Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine is seeking applications for a non-tenure track, full-time position at the rank of Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Epidemiology. Candidates with a doctoral degree in epidemiology, community health, clinical research or implementation research, or an MD with a master's degree in epidemiology or clinical research will be considered. The faculty member will actively participate in research grant applications, on-going and new research studies, and preparation of manuscripts and presentations. The candidate should have excellent communication and inter-personal skills to work with community partners. Review of applications will begin as soon as possible and applications will be accepted and reviewed until the position is filled. Applicants should send a cover letter with names of at least three references and a resume to: Jiang He, MD, PhD Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000 Mail Box 8318 New Orleans, LA 70112 E-mail Address: jhe@tulane.edu TULANE UNIVERSITY IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY / AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER. WOMEN AND MINORITIES ARE ENCOURAGED TO APPLY

DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DIVISION OF GERONTOLOGY SEARCH REOPENED

LEADERSHIP OPPORTUNITY IN AGING & PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCES Division Director The Department of Epidemiology and Public Health of the University of Maryland School of Medicine is seeking a division director at the associate or full professor rank for an exciting opportunity to expand and accelerate the growth of the Division of Gerontology. A generous and competitive start-up package will be provided to support the division director’s research initiatives and growth of the division. The successful candidate for the division head position will be a national leader with commitment to conducting and fostering interdisciplinary research in the epidemiology of aging and gerontology, will have a record of extramural research funding, and leadership and management capabilities. The division director is expected to develop and enhance collaborative research within the division, department, and medical system, and actively teach and participate in the department’s training programs for graduate students and post-doctoral fellows. Opportunities to teach medical students and students in other professional schools on our health services campus also are possible. The division’s seven faculty members have ongoing multidisciplinary research and collaborations across campus, focused on strategies to prevent and improve outcomes from disabling conditions among older persons. Gerontology division faculty collaborate with others throughout the University of Maryland Baltimore campus, which includes six professional schools (medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, social work, and law), other University of Maryland campuses, as well as those in other academic and industry settings. The division also is the administrative home for the campus-wide Center for Research on Aging, the Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center – funded since 1994, the Gerontology Doctoral Program, and the federally funded Research Training in the Epidemiology of Aging (T32). The department, which is ranked first in NIH funding for like-departments in public schools of medicine, comprises 45 full-time faculty members, has strong research programs in cancer epidemiology, genomic and infectious disease epidemiology, translational toxicology, biostatistics, preventive medicine, and health disparities and population health. The department is also the home for doctoral degree programs in Epidemiology and Human Genetics, and in Gerontology, as well as master’s programs in epidemiology, clinical research, and public health. Qualifications: Ph.D. and/or M.D. with significant experience collaborating in an interdisciplinary research setting, background in epidemiology and/or gerontology, and an established record of extramural research funding are required. For confidential inquiries, please contact Dr. Jack Guralnik at jguralnik@som.umaryland.edu or Dr. Ann Gruber-Baldini at abaldin@som.umaryland.edu. TO APPLY: Please submit applications online at: https://umb.taleo.net/careersection/jobdetail.ftl?job=170001XK&lang=en#.WjliERVAqss.email Applications should include a cover letter indicating research interests, CV, and names of 3 references. Reference position # 03-307-143. The University of Maryland, Baltimore is an Equal Opportunity, Affirmative Action Employer. Minorities, women, veterans, and individuals with disabilities are encouraged to apply.

Notice to Readers and Advertisers Effective April 1, 2022 the rates for advertising jobs, meetings, courses and other events will be increased approximately 10% for the various types of ads that may be purchased. We have endeavored to keep our advertising rates as low as possible over the years, and this will be the first price increase in seven years. We are implementing this increase to be able to continue to deliver the timely, personalized, and effective service that all of our readers and advertisers appreciate and that we enjoy providing for the epidemiology community. Subscriptions to the newsletter will continue to be provided free of charge simply by submitting your email address to http://epimonitor.net/Subscribe.htm

Your Ad Should Be Here Do you have a job, course, conference, book or other resource of interest to the epidemiology community? Advertise with The Epidemiology Monitor and reach 35,000 epidemiologists, biostatisticians, and public health professionals monthly.

Advertising opportunities exist in this digital publication, on our website and Facebook page, and in our Epi-Gram emails.

For more information please contact: Linda Bernier, Director of Advertising 770.533.3436 / linda@epimonitor.net

The Epidemiology Monitor in a Digital Version is available FREE to subscribers

The Epidemiology Monitor is available exclusively online in the same familiar print format subscribers were accustomed to, and they can read through the publication on their electronic devices in the same manner they did with the print version. In addition, you can download and save copies of The Epidemiology Monitor for easy future access. This digital publication format provides: ► ► ► ► ►

Easier access to information that is more timely Publication alerts via email Embedded hot links in articles Full color advertising Wider circulation for advertisers

SUBSCRIBE FOR FREE TODAY AT: http://epimonitor.net/Subscribe.htm