Hot Work: Essential Fire Safety Management
FPA Webinar 27th October 2016 Howard Passey BEng(Hons) MIFireE FIFSM Principal Consultant THE UK’s UK’s NATIONAL NATIONALFIRE FIRESAFETY SAFETY ORGANISATION ORGANISATION Protecting people, Protecting people, property, property, business business and the andenvironment the environment
Hot Works – What is it? “Any temporary operation or task, that involves open flames or production of heat and/or sparks”
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Case Study • February 2007 • Major refurbishment of an existing retail store • Hot metal falling onto combustibles during flame cutting of existing steelwork • Extensive local damage, 3 contractors injured • Hot work permit system not followed
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Background Info – The Permit • 'Fire watch' had a line scribbled through it as thought irrelevant. • Issued by a part-time administrator – competent? • Inadequate fire risk assessment undertaken. • It simply could have been bolted together. • No fire extinguishers, fire blankets, welding protection screen, or fire buckets at the scene of the incident. • Sound familiar....? THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Dusseldorf Airport 11th April 1996 the unthinkable happens
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
What does the legislation require? • In simple terms……. • • • • •
Don’t kill anyone in a fire Don’t injure anyone in a fire Don’t put anyone at risk of death or serious injury Do provide general fire precautions Do maintain systems in efficient state and effective working order • Do provide fire safety arrangements • Do provide records • Do have competent people THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
The legislation Meaning of “responsible person” 3. In this Order “responsible person” means— (a) in relation to a workplace, the employer, if the workplace is to any extent under his control;
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The legislation 5. Duties under this Order (3) Any duty imposed……… on the responsible person in respect of premises shall also be imposed on every person, who has, to any extent, control of those premises so far as the requirements relate to matters within his control.
(4) Where a person has, by virtue of any contract or tenancy, an obligation of any extent in relation to— (a) the maintenance or repair of any premises, including anything in or on premises; (b) the safety of any premises, that person is to be treated, as being a person who has control of the premises to the extent that his obligation extends.
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Responsible Persons… • So, if you are involved in provision, maintenance or management of fire safety at any level then you share liability • If it is your responsibility to specify a system, materials; and/or appoint a contractor, it is also your responsibility to ensure that they are competent to undertake the work. • It’s no longer simply a duty of care or voluntary – it’s a legal obligation. • Competent? • ‘Sufficient training and experience or knowledge and other qualities’ THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Competency needed for what?
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Legislation - Summary • All guidance requires stated safe working practices • Establish a permit to work system • The Hotwork Permit becomes a legal document required under legislation • The permit doesn’t simply state how work will be safe • It defines responsibilities and so liability
• It therefore requires that both the operative and permit issuer are ‘competent’
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Advice and guidance
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Hot Work Permit • Two Parts • Permit • Checklist
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FUEL
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EN YG OX
HE AT
What is fire?
How fire spreads Convection
Conduction
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Radiation
It is the gases that burn Vapour given off….
Vapour ignites
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The hazards from fire • Fire load • • • • • •
Determines ‘size’ of fire Unnecessary fire load High flammables Cylinders Fire produces more ‘energy’ Increases potential for spread of fire • Rapid fire development THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
The hazards.... • Voids • Smoke spread throughout building • Unseen threat • Problematic fire fighting
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Hotworks ignition sources??
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Acetylene
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LPG
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Flammable Liquids 10m or 20m (high risk)
Minimum Quantities
Shaded areas
At least 4m from boundary Signage and protection
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Bunds and housekeeping
Flammable Liquids
• 1 kg HFL = ~500 litres of gas
small fuel spill = big explosion • Do not undertake ANY hotworks THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Dusts
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Composite panels Core materials • cellular plastics • extruded polystyrene (XPS) • sprayed polyurethane foam (SPF) • polyisocyanurate • moulded expanded polystyrene (EPS) • mineral fibre
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Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs)
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Insulating concrete forms (ICF)
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THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
External Cladding
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Modular construction
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Modular construction
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Consequences Heat is part of the job, therefore; • It is a high risk activity. If a permanent process / activity it would be in an fire rated enclosure • Hot works should not carried out where there MIGHT be: • • • • • •
Potential rapid fire development and spread Unseen fire spread Unseen smoke spread Unwanted fire signals Materials left onsite during fire event A lone worker unfamiliar with fire procedures
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Fire risk assessment principles
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Initial Fire Risk Assessment
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Hot work – managing the risks
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Ignition
Mechanical sparks Other risks of fire!!!
Storage management Use of cylinder s
Flammable liquids?
Cooking controls
Hot work permits
Naked flames?
Arson prevention
Smoking controls
Waste management
Housekeeping
Electrical safety
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THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment Decay/intervention
Flashover
Safety margin
Evacuation strategy
Response time
Recognition time
Alarm
Pre-alarm investigation
Detection
Fire & smoke spread
Fire development
FRA considerations Time from ignition
Unsafe Safe
Automatic or manual intervention??????
Management from prevention measures through to protection measures
Actions in the event of fire
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On discovering a fire
How?
Number?
Where? THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Only if safe to do so
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Emergency Procedures • • • • • • • • • •
Fire alarm arrangements Knowledge of emergency procedures Hotwork effects on existing procedures? Is AFD deactivated? Switch off/isolate plant & equipment if safe to do so ‘Sweep’ & check areas as evacuation takes place if safe to do so Go to pre-arranged assembly point Do not leave site Provide advice to attending fire crews Do not re-enter unless given the all clear THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Fire Extinguishers
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Hot work permit
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Checklist
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Fire watch • A continuous fire watch for at least 30 minutes after hot work is completed, with further checks being made at regular intervals, up to 60 minutes after completion before the permit is signed off. • Where hot work has been undertaken in high fire hazard areas the work area should be subject to a continuous fire watch for at least 60 minutes following cessation of hot work • Where hot work has been undertaken within or adjacent to a timber framed structure a continuous fire watch should be maintained for at least 60 minutes and the area be carefully inspected at regular intervals for at least two hours after completion prior to closing the permit.
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Tar boilers
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Tar boilers • Placed at ground level wherever possible unless offers a greater hazard than elsewhere • Non-combustible heat-insulating base • Supervised by an experienced operative - bitumen level, temperature, lid remains on the boiler; • Sited where spilled material can easily be controlled; • Cylinders at least 3m from the burner, secured upright, connected by flexible armoured hose; • Two appropriate fire extinguishers to hand; • Not left unattended, or moved when lit THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
How can FPA assist? The training bit • Collaborative approach • Working with manufacturers
• Designing training to produce more effective practitioners • ‘Blended’ approach • Practical facilities offer hands-on experience which will only enhance knowledge and skills required • Open and bespoke course availability THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
FPA Hot Work Passport Scheme Background TESCO Hot work fires: • • • •
2003/4 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
=0 =1 =5 = 35
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FPA Hot Work Passport • • • • •
Developed in conjunction with employers and contractors One-day course Assessed Unique ID Valid for 5 years
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THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Advice and information
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Advice and information
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Advice and information
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
Advice and information
THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
The Joint Code of Practice is the Insurance Surveyors Bible for construction site fire safety Now in its 14th year and 9th edition
Considers……
The protection from causes of fire and explosion through accidental or deliberate means Preventing the spread fire through the materials on site during the build And how this can be managed successfully to ensure the project completes on time
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Available to purchase via the FPA website at www.thefpa.co.uk THE UK’s NATIONAL FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION Protecting people, property, business and the environment
FPA Membership & Journal • Various Grades of ‘Membership’ • • • • •
Individual SME Corporate Gold Emergency Evacuation Association
• Member benefits
• Discounts off FPA products and services • Access to free monthly webinars and quarterly Member Events • Member Library • Free technical enquiry service
•
Fire Risk Management journal (FRM) • Published 10 times per year
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Thank You Any Questions?
For more information visit…..
www.thefpa.co.uk THE UK’s UK’s NATIONAL NATIONALFIRE FIRESAFETY SAFETY ORGANISATION ORGANISATION Protecting people, Protecting people, property, property, business business and the andenvironment the environment